Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / Shepherd of Hermas / Chapter 91Shepherd of Hermas, Chapter 91
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
G3539
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: noh-EH-seh
Translations: he perceived, he understood, he thought, he considered
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'νοέω'. It describes an action of perceiving, understanding, or thinking that occurred in the past. It refers to the mental act of grasping or comprehending something.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΦΡΟΝΕΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEG-ah-lah
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great thing, great things
Notes: This word describes something as great in size, importance, or intensity. It can refer to physical largeness, but also to significant or mighty deeds, or things of high value and importance. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: en-DOX-ah
Translations: glorious, splendid, honorable, renowned, illustrious, noble, excellent
Notes: This word describes something that is full of glory, splendor, or honor. It can refer to people, things, or actions that are highly esteemed or magnificent. It is often used to describe something that is worthy of praise or admiration.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G1419
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dys-NO-ee-tah
Translations: hard to understand, difficult to comprehend, things hard to understand, things difficult to comprehend
Notes: This word describes something that is difficult to understand or comprehend. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'δυσ-' (dys-), meaning 'hard' or 'difficult', and 'νοητός' (noētos), meaning 'intelligible' or 'perceptible by the mind'. It is used to refer to concepts, teachings, or passages of text that are challenging to grasp.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΑΣΑΦΗΣ, ΑΠΟΡΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-THROH-poys
Translations: to humans, to people, to men, for humans, for people, for men
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the Koine Greek noun 'ἀνθρώποις' (anthrōpois), meaning 'to/for humans', 'to/for people', or 'to/for men'. It is the dative plural form of 'ἄνθρωπος' (anthrōpos), which refers to a human being, mankind, or a person in general. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or to show benefit or disadvantage.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΙΣ, ΤΙΣΙΝ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-poys
Translations: to humans, to men, to people, for humans, for men, for people
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (nomina sacra) for the Greek word Ἀνθρώποις (anthrōpois), which is the dative plural form of ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos), meaning 'human' or 'man'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or to show benefit or disadvantage, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΙΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣΙΝ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-eh
Translations: Hear!, Listen!, Obey!
Notes: This word is a command form of the verb 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is used to directly instruct someone to pay attention, to perceive sound, or to obey. In a broader sense, it can imply heeding advice or understanding a message.
Inflection: Second person singular, Present Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEE-stin
Translations: he was saying, he said, he says, he speaks
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report speech or to indicate that someone is making a statement. It can be used in various tenses to convey past, present, or future actions of speaking.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative Active or Present Indicative Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-no-MA
Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title
Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OO
Translations: of a son, of son, of the son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring or descendant. It is commonly used to denote a son, but can also refer to a male child in general, or even a descendant in a broader sense, such as 'sons of Israel' meaning the people of Israel. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-KHO-ree-ton
Translations: uncontainable, immeasurable, incomprehensible, that which cannot be contained, that which cannot be comprehended
Notes: This word describes something that cannot be contained, held, or grasped, either physically or mentally. It implies something so vast or profound that it exceeds all limits of space, capacity, or human understanding. It is often used in theological contexts to describe God's infinite nature, which cannot be fully comprehended or contained by creation.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΠΕΙΡΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΗΠΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἀχώρητος (achōrētos) is derived from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), which means 'to make room, contain, go, advance'. Thus, it literally means 'not able to be contained' or 'without room for'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible
Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gah
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large
Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.
G1741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: en-DOX-on
Translations: glorious, honorable, renowned, splendid, distinguished, a glorious thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone that possesses glory, honor, or high renown. It can be used to describe people, things, or actions that are considered illustrious, noble, or worthy of praise. For example, it might describe a glorious deed, an honorable person, or a splendid object.
Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and ΔΟΞΑ (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'honor'. Thus, it literally means 'in glory' or 'having glory'.
G3650
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HO-lon
Translations: whole, entire, all, complete, a whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. It describes something as being complete or undivided. It can be used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole house' or 'all the people'. In the provided examples, it refers to the entirety of a task or a place.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΛΟΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word; properly, 'all', 'the whole', 'entire'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOS-mon
Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order
Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OW-toh
Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it
Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
G0941
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bas-TAH-zon
Translations: bearing, carrying, lifting, taking up, enduring, suffering, supporting, removing, taking away
Notes: This word is the present active participle, neuter singular, or nominative/accusative masculine/neuter singular, or genitive plural of the verb 'bastazo'. It describes the action of bearing, carrying, or lifting something. It can also imply enduring or suffering something, or supporting a burden. In some contexts, it can mean to take away or remove. It is often used to describe someone who is actively engaged in the act of carrying or supporting.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative Singular Neuter, or Nominative/Accusative Singular Masculine, or Genitive Plural (all genders)
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΙΡΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEE-see
Translations: he says, she says, it says
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone or something is saying in the present tense. For example, 'he says that...' or 'it says in the book...'.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sah
Translations: all, every, a whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and must agree with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G2937
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KTIS-is
Translations: creation, a creation, creature, a creature, institution, an institution, ordinance, an ordinance
Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a variant of the Koine Greek word ΚΤΙΣΙΣ (ktisis). ΚΤΙΣΙΣ refers to the act of creating, the result of creation (a creature or the created world), or an established human institution or ordinance. It is used to describe anything that has been brought into existence, whether by divine power or human design.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (if it were ΚΤΙΣΙΣ); however, the ending -ΗΕΙΣ is not a standard Koine Greek inflection for this noun. It might be a scribal error for a different case or number, or a different word entirely.
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ
G2937
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KTEE-sees
Translations: creation, a creation, creature, institution, ordinance
Notes: This word refers to something that has been created or established. It can denote the act of creation itself, the created thing (a creature), or an established order or institution. It is used to speak of the entire universe as God's creation, or individual created beings, or human ordinances.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun, a possessive pronoun, or an intensive/reflexive pronoun. In the genitive case, as seen here, it typically means 'of him' or 'of it' when referring to a third person, or 'his' or 'its' to indicate possession. It can also be used for emphasis, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', especially when preceding the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G0941
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bas-TAH-zeh-tai
Translations: is carried, is borne, is lifted, is supported, is endured
Notes: This word describes something being carried, borne, lifted, or supported. It can also refer to something being endured or tolerated. It is used to indicate that an action is being performed on the subject, rather than by the subject.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΕΤΑΙ, ΑΙΡΕΤΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΕΤΑΙ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KAYS
Translations: you seem, you think, you appear, you are thought, you are reputed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seem', 'to think', or 'to appear'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seems good' or 'it is thought'. It can also be used with an infinitive to express what someone seems or appears to be doing or thinking.
Inflection: Second person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G2564
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: keh-klee-MEH-noos
Translations: called, invited, summoned, a called one, an invited one
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to invite'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who has been called or invited. In the provided examples, it refers to those who were invited to a dinner or summoned to a place.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΕΚΛΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΣΥΓΚΕΚΛΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: HYP
Translations: by, under, from, of, with, to
Notes: This word is an elided form of the Koine Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), which means 'under' or 'by'. The apostrophe (coronis) indicates that the final vowel of ΥΠΟ has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun or pronoun it governs. When used with the genitive case (as in the examples provided), it typically indicates the agent or cause, translating to 'by' or 'from'. With the accusative case, it means 'under' (of place or time). With the dative case, it can mean 'under' (of position).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition), but governs different cases (Genitive, Dative, Accusative). This form is an elision of ΥΠΟ.
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *upo, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and Latin 'sub'.
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-ROON-tas
Translations: carrying, bearing, wearing, bringing, enduring
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'carrying,' 'bearing,' 'wearing,' or 'bringing.' It describes an ongoing action of holding or conveying something. It can also imply enduring or sustaining. It is often used to describe someone who is currently engaged in the act of carrying or wearing something.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: por-yoo-MEH-noos
Translations: going, traveling, proceeding, walking, a going, a traveling, a proceeding, a walking
Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'going' or 'traveling'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, but it retains verbal characteristics, such as tense and voice. It is often used to describe someone who is in the process of moving from one place to another.
Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle/Passive, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) is derived from πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way, a passage, a ford'. It signifies the act of making one's way or passing through.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Article
Sounds like: TES
Translations: all, every, whole, any, each, the
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the Koine Greek word 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. Without diacritics, 'ΤΕΣ' most commonly represents the feminine plural nominative, accusative, or vocative form of 'πᾶς', which would be 'πᾶσαι' (pasai) or 'πάσας' (pasas) or 'πᾶσες' (pases) in modern Greek. It can also function as a part of the definite article, 'ταῖς' (tais), meaning 'the' (feminine plural dative), or 'τῆς' (tes), meaning 'of the' (feminine singular genitive). In context, it typically refers to a group of feminine nouns, indicating that 'all' or 'every' member of that group is included. For example, 'all women' or 'every city'.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative (from πᾶς); or Feminine, Plural, Dative (from ὁ); or Feminine, Singular, Genitive (from ὁ)
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G1785
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-to-LAIS
Translations: to commands, to a command, by commands, by a command, with commands, with a command
Notes: This word refers to a command, an order, a precept, or an injunction. It is often used in a religious context to denote divine commands or moral precepts, such as the commandments of God. It can also refer to human commands or instructions. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object (to/for commands) or the instrument/means (by/with commands).
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΜΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ
G991
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BLEH-peess
Translations: you see, you look, you perceive, you behold, you consider, you beware
Notes: The word "ΒΛΕΠΙΣ" appears to be a misspelling or a non-standard form of the Koine Greek verb "βλέπεις" (blepeis), which is the second person singular present active indicative form of the verb "βλέπω" (blepō). It means "you see," "you look," "you perceive," or "you behold." It is used to describe the act of seeing with the eyes, but can also refer to mental perception or understanding. It can also be used in a cautionary sense, meaning "to beware" or "to take heed."
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHAY-sin
Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: poy-OOS
Translations: making, doing, performing, producing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action being performed, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates that the subject is in the process of making, doing, or producing something.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G0941
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bas-TAH-zei
Translations: carries, bears, takes up, endures, supports
Notes: This word means to carry or bear something, often implying a burden or effort. It can also be used to mean to endure or support something, such as a difficulty or a person. It is used in sentences to describe an action of holding or moving something, or of sustaining a condition.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΙΡΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G3650
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OH-leess
Translations: of whole, of all, of entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole,' 'all,' or 'entire.' It describes something as complete or undivided. In the provided examples, it is used in phrases like 'from all your heart,' indicating a complete and undivided commitment or feeling.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-as
Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will
Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same
Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).
G2310
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: theh-MEH-lee-os
Translations: foundation, a foundation, cornerstone, a cornerstone, fundamental, foundational
Notes: This word refers to the base or support upon which something is built, whether literally, like the foundation of a building, or figuratively, like the underlying principles or doctrines of a belief system. It can also be used as an adjective meaning fundamental or foundational.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. It refers to something that is laid down as a base.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, their own
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun in the genitive plural. It can be translated as 'of them' or 'their', indicating possession or origin. It is often used reflexively, meaning 'their own' or 'of themselves', referring back to the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΣΦΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ
G2234
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: HAY-deh-ohs
Translations: gladly, cheerfully, with pleasure, willingly
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'gladly' or 'with pleasure'. It describes an action that is performed willingly, joyfully, or with a sense of delight. It indicates a positive disposition towards the action being taken.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΩΣ
Etymology: The word Ἡδέως is derived from the adjective Ἡδύς (hēdys), meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. It describes something that is agreeable or delightful.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G0153
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ai-skhoo-NOH-mai
Translations: they are ashamed, they feel shame, they are put to shame
Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or variant of the Koine Greek verb 'αἰσχύνομαι' (aischynomai), which means 'to be ashamed' or 'to feel shame'. It describes the state of experiencing shame or being put to shame. In its correct form, it is typically used in the middle or passive voice, indicating that the subject experiences the shame themselves or is made to feel shame by an external factor.
Inflection: Present Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΟΜΑΙ
G1870
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ai-SKHOO-non-tai
Translations: they are ashamed, they are put to shame, they feel shame
Notes: This word describes the state of feeling shame or being put to shame. It implies a sense of disgrace or embarrassment, often in relation to one's actions or beliefs. It is typically used to express a strong negative feeling about something, indicating a reluctance to acknowledge or associate with it.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΙΣΧΥΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and αἰσχύνομαι (aischynomai), meaning 'to be ashamed'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of shame.
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-ROON-tes
Translations: bearing, carrying, wearing, bringing, producing
Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine plural, nominative case of the verb 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear,' 'to carry,' 'to wear,' or 'to bring.' It describes an ongoing action of bearing or carrying something. It can be used to describe people who are carrying or wearing something, or even things that are producing or yielding something, like fruit.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΤΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FOH-rin
Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to wear, to endure, to produce
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'φέρω' (phero), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It describes the action of physically moving something, or metaphorically enduring something, or even producing fruit or results. In the provided context, it appears to be a misspelling or an alternative spelling of 'φοροῦντας' (phoroúntas), which is a participle meaning 'those who bear' or 'those who wear'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Accusative Plural, Masculine or Neuter (if 'φοροῦντας'), or a misspelling of another form. Given the context, it most likely intends to be a participle.
Synonyms: ΒΑϹΤΑΖΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, rather, however, nevertheless, yet, on the contrary
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or an exception to what has just been stated. It often translates to 'but' or 'rather' and can indicate a strong opposition or a shift in thought. The apostrophe (coronis) indicates an elision, meaning it's a contraction of 'ἀλλὰ' (alla) and another word, though in this case, it's likely just a scribal variant of 'ἀλλὰ' itself, which is a common conjunction.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἀλλὰ' (alla) is derived from the neuter plural of the adjective 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. Over time, it developed into a conjunction signifying 'but' or 'on the contrary'.
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fo-ROO-sin
Translations: bear fruit, yield fruit, bring forth fruit, produce fruit, carry, bear, bring
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to bear, carry, or bring. In the context of the provided examples, it specifically refers to 'bearing fruit' or 'producing fruit', often metaphorically in relation to spiritual or moral outcomes. It describes the action of yielding something, whether literally carrying a burden or figuratively producing results.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΟΦΟΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
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