Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint / 4 Maccabees / Chapter 94 Maccabees, Chapter 9
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEL-leess
Translations: you are about to, you are going to, you intend to, you will
Notes: This word is a verb that indicates an action that is about to happen, is intended to happen, or is imminent. It often conveys a sense of future intention or a state of being on the verge of doing something. It is frequently followed by an infinitive verb.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΛΛΩ (mellō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to delay' or 'to be slow', which evolved to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.
G5599
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Part of Speech: Interjection
Sounds like: OH
Translations: O, Oh
Notes: This word is an interjection used for direct address, exclamation, or to express strong emotion such as wonder, lament, or appeal. It often precedes a noun in the vocative case, indicating a direct address to someone or something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European.
G5183
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOO-ran-neh
Translations: tyrant, O tyrant, a tyrant
Notes: This word refers to a ruler who governs with absolute power, often oppressively or cruelly. It is used here in the vocative case, directly addressing such a ruler, similar to saying 'O tyrant!' in English. It can also simply mean 'a ruler' or 'a sovereign' in a more neutral sense, depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G2092
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-TOY-moy
Translations: ready, prepared
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being ready or prepared for an action or event. It is often used in contexts where a state of readiness is emphasized, such as being ready to die or ready for a task.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΟΣ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-MEN
Translations: we are
Notes: This word is a form of the verb "to be" and means "we are." It is used to state a fact or condition about a group of people, indicating their existence, identity, or state. For example, it can be used in sentences like "we are happy" or "we are servants."
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poth-NAY-skane
Translations: to die, to be dead
Notes: This word is a verb in the infinitive form, meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'θνῄσκω' (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. It is used to express the action of dying or the state of being dead.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἀποθνήσκω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb θνῄσκω (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of 'dying' or indicates a separation from life.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G3845
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-BAH-ee-nayn
Translations: to transgress, to violate, to go beyond, to step over
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'παραβαίνω'. It means to step over or go beyond a boundary, rule, or command. It is often used in the context of breaking a law or commandment, indicating a transgression or violation. For example, one might 'παραβαίνειν' the law.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word 'παραβαίνω' is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, by, beyond', and 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to step beside' or 'to step beyond'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G3967
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-TREE-oos
Translations: ancestral, traditional, hereditary, of one's fathers
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'ancestral' or 'traditional,' referring to things that belong to or are handed down from one's fathers or ancestors. It describes customs, laws, or practices that are inherited or established by tradition. For example, it could be used to describe 'ancestral laws' or 'traditional customs'.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G1785
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-to-LAS
Translations: commandment, command, instruction, precept
Notes: This word refers to a command, instruction, or precept, often implying a divine or authoritative directive. It is frequently used in the context of God's laws or moral injunctions. It can be used in sentences to refer to a specific order or a general body of rules.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΝΟΜΟΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G0153
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahee-SKHOO-noh-meh-tha
Translations: we are ashamed, we are put to shame, we are disgraced
Notes: This word describes the state of feeling shame or being disgraced. It is used to express a sense of humiliation or embarrassment, often due to one's actions or circumstances. It can also imply being put to shame by others.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G4269
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-GO-noos
Translations: ancestors, forefathers, a forefather
Notes: This word refers to one's ancestors or forefathers. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'γόνος' (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'. Thus, it literally means 'those born before'. It is typically used in the plural to refer to a lineage or line of descent.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΕΡΕΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΙ
G1503
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ee-ko-TOS
Translations: rightly, reasonably, justly, naturally, probably, with good reason
Notes: This adverb means 'rightly' or 'reasonably', indicating that something is done with good cause or is to be expected. It is used to express that an action or statement is fitting, proper, or logical given the circumstances.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΣ, ΟΡΘΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-MOO
Translations: of law, of a law, law
Notes: This word refers to a law, principle, or custom. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Mosaic Law, but can also denote a general principle or rule. It is used to describe a standard of conduct or a body of regulations.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΚΑΝΩΝ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to parcel out, distribute'. It refers to that which is assigned or appointed, hence a custom or law.
G2138
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-PI-thi-ah
Translations: obedience, compliance, docility, an obedience
Notes: This word refers to the quality or state of being obedient, compliant, or docile. It describes a willingness to follow instructions, laws, or authority. It is often used in contexts where adherence to divine or human commands is emphasized.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ὙΠΑΚΟΗ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΑ
Etymology: The word εὐπείθεια (eupeitheia) is derived from the adjective εὐπειθής (eupeithēs), meaning 'obedient' or 'easily persuaded'. This adjective is a compound of εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'.
G4823
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soom-BOO-loh
Translations: counselor, advisor, a counselor, an advisor, (to) a counselor, (to) an advisor, (to) counsel, (to) advice
Notes: This word refers to a counselor or advisor, someone who gives advice or counsel. In the provided context, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'to a counselor' or 'with counsel/advice'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'βουλή' (counsel, plan).
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΗΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΤΗΣ
G1108
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GNO-see
Translations: knowledge, a knowledge, understanding, wisdom
Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or wisdom. It can describe general knowledge, spiritual insight, or practical understanding. It is often used in contexts relating to intellectual or spiritual comprehension.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
G5530
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-meh-tha
Translations: we might use, we might employ, we might make use of
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes the act of utilizing something or someone. In this form, it indicates a potential or desired action by a group, suggesting 'we might use' or 'we should use'. It is often followed by a dative case object, indicating what is being used.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Middle Voice, Optative Mood, Aorist Tense
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word Χράομαι (chraomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to want', which evolved to mean 'to use' in Greek.
G4823
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soom-boo-LEH
Translations: advise, counsel, give counsel, consult, deliberate
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'symbouleuō', meaning 'to advise' or 'to counsel'. It is used to give guidance or recommendations to someone, or to deliberate with others. It can also mean to consult with someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ
G3892
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-no-MEE-as
Translations: of lawlessness, of iniquity, of transgression, of a lawlessness, of an iniquity, of a transgression
Notes: This word refers to the state or act of being without law, or acting contrary to law. It signifies lawlessness, iniquity, or transgression. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It is used to describe actions or a state of being that goes against established laws, whether divine or human.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G3404
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: mi-SOHN
Translations: hating, one who hates, a hater
Notes: ΜΙΣΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΜΙΣΕΩ, meaning 'to hate'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of hating or is characterized by hatred. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, meaning 'the one who hates' or 'a hater'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΕΩ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to hate' or 'to detest'. It is found in various forms across ancient Greek literature.
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G1648
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-leh-AH
Translations: Eleazar
Notes: This word, "ἘΛΕΑ", appears to be a truncated or abbreviated form of the proper name "Eleazar" (ἘΛΕΑΖΑΡ). Eleazar is a Hebrew name meaning "God has helped" or "God is my helper." It is a common name in the Old Testament, borne by several prominent figures, including the third son of Aaron, who succeeded him as High Priest. In Koine Greek texts, it refers to individuals bearing this name.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive (truncated form)
Etymology: The name Eleazar is of Hebrew origin, derived from the elements 'el' (God) and 'azar' (to help).
G5467
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kha-leh-POH-teh-ron
Translations: more difficult, more severe, more grievous, more dangerous, a more difficult thing
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'difficult' or 'hard'. It means 'more difficult', 'more severe', 'more grievous', or 'more dangerous'. It is used to describe something that is harder or worse than something else, often implying a greater degree of trouble, danger, or harshness.
Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΒΑΡΥΤΕΡΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ (chalepos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to χαλός (chalos), meaning 'loose' or 'slack', implying something that is not easy or loose, but rather tight and difficult.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAH-nah-TOO
Translations: (of) death, (of) a death
Notes: This word refers to the state of being dead, the cessation of life, or the end of existence. It is often used to describe physical death, but can also refer to spiritual death or separation. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of death' or 'delivered from death'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to die'.
G3543
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: noh-MEE-zoh-men
Translations: we think, we suppose, we believe, we consider, we are accustomed
Notes: This word means to think, suppose, believe, or consider. It can also mean to be accustomed or to practice. It is often used to express an opinion or a customary action. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'we think that it is good' or 'we are accustomed to doing this'.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ
Etymology: From νόμος (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. The verb originally meant 'to do according to custom or law', and then evolved to mean 'to consider, believe, or think'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3891
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-no-MOH
Translations: to act unlawfully, to transgress the law, to violate the law
Notes: This word means to act contrary to the law, to transgress, or to violate legal or divine statutes. It describes the action of someone who breaks the law or behaves in a lawless manner. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and the noun 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It literally means 'to act contrary to the law'.
G4991
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soh-tee-REE-ah
Translations: salvation, a salvation, deliverance, preservation, safety
Notes: This word refers to the act of saving or being saved from danger, destruction, or sin. In a theological context, it often refers to spiritual deliverance from sin and its consequences, leading to eternal life. It can also refer to physical rescue or preservation from harm.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb σώζω (sōzō, "to save, deliver, preserve"), related to σωτήρ (sōtēr, "savior").
G1656
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-leh-on
Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity
Notes: This word refers to mercy, compassion, or pity. It describes a feeling of deep sympathy for someone in distress, often leading to an act of kindness or help. It is frequently used in a religious context to describe God's compassion towards humanity.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ
Etymology: The word "ἔλεος" (eleos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from an earlier form related to pity or compassion.
G1630
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-fo-BEIS
Translations: you frighten, you terrify, you scare
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to frighten or terrify someone. It is used to describe the act of causing fear or dread in another person. It combines the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', with the verb 'φοβέω' (phobeō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to put to flight'. Thus, it implies driving someone out of their composure through fear.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΠΤΟΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΚΦΟΒΕΩ is derived from the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb φοβέω (phobeō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to put to flight'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G0931
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-SAH-nohn
Translations: of torment, of torture, of trial, of examination, of the touchstone
Notes: This word refers to a test or examination, often implying a severe one, like a touchstone used to test metals. It can also refer to the pain or suffering that results from such a test, thus meaning torment or torture. In a broader sense, it can denote a trial or tribulation. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΩΝ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΩΝ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ (basanos) originally referred to a Lydian stone used to test the purity of gold and silver. From this literal meaning, it developed the figurative sense of a test, examination, or severe trial, and subsequently, the suffering or torment associated with such a trial.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THA-na-ton
Translations: death, a death
Notes: This word refers to death, the cessation of life. It is often used in a literal sense to describe physical death, but can also be used metaphorically to describe spiritual death or destruction. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or the subject of a clause, indicating the concept of death.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ, ΑΠΟΒΙΩΣΙΣ, ΕΞΟΔΟΣ
G0546
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-pei-LON
Translations: threatening, one who threatens, to threaten
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ἀπειλέω', meaning 'to threaten' or 'to menace'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. As a participle, it can function adjectivally (describing someone who is threatening) or adverbially (indicating the manner or circumstance of an action, e.g., 'while threatening'). It conveys the idea of expressing an intention to inflict harm or punishment.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ἈΠΕΙΛΗ
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from') and a root related to 'to drive away' or 'to ward off'. It originally conveyed the idea of driving someone away through threats.
G5618
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OH-sper
Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as
Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.
G3780
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH-ee
Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not
Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.
G4253
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PRO
Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.
G1024
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: bra-KHEH-ohs
Translations: briefly, for a short time, in a short space
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'βραχύς' (brachys), meaning 'short'. It is used to describe actions or states that occur for a limited duration or in a concise manner. It indicates something done quickly, briefly, or for a short period.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)
Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΩΣ, ΣΥΝΤΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: The word 'βραχέως' is derived from the adjective 'βραχύς' (brachys), meaning 'short' or 'small'. It is formed by adding the adverbial suffix -έως to the stem of the adjective.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G1677
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-leh-AH-zah-roo
Translations: of Eleazar
Notes: Eleazar is a Hebrew proper name meaning 'God has helped'. This form of the name is in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Eleazar' or 'Eleazar's'. It refers to a specific individual named Eleazar.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew אֶלְעָזָר (Elʿāzār), meaning 'God has helped'.
G3129
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: mah-THOHN
Translations: having learned, learning, when he learned, after learning
Notes: ΜΑΘΩΝ is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having learned' or 'after learning' something, indicating a completed action that leads to or explains the subsequent event.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΝΟΥΣ, ΕΙΔΩΣ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G1089
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-RON-tes
Translations: elders, old men, old people
Notes: This word refers to older men or elders, often those who hold a position of authority or respect within a community due to their age and experience. It is used to describe a group of such individuals.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ
G1445
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eb-RAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Hebrews, of the Hebrews, of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to the descendants of Eber, more commonly known as the Jewish people or Israelites. It is used to describe the people group, their language, or their customs. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the customs of the Hebrews' or 'one of the Hebrews'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word Ἐβραῖος (Hebraios) comes from the Hebrew word עִבְרִי (ʿivrī), meaning 'one from beyond' or 'one who crossed over', referring to Abraham who crossed the Euphrates River.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G2150
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-SEB-eh-yan
Translations: piety, godliness, devotion, a piety, a godliness
Notes: This word refers to piety, godliness, or devotion, particularly in the context of reverence towards God or the gods. It describes a proper attitude and conduct towards the divine, often encompassing moral uprightness and religious observance. It is used to describe the quality of being devout or reverent.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΕΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
G0929
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-sah-nees-MOOS
Translations: torments, tortures, sufferings, trials, distresses
Notes: This word refers to a state of torment, torture, or severe suffering. It can also denote a trial or distress that one undergoes. It is typically used to describe physical or mental anguish, often inflicted by external forces.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΙΣ, ΘΛΙΨΕΙΣ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΙ
G5278
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-nan-tes
Translations: having endured, having persevered, having remained, having stood firm, having waited patiently
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ὑπομένω (hypomenō). It describes an action of enduring, persevering, or remaining under something, often implying steadfastness in the face of difficulty or opposition. It is used to describe those who have already completed the action of enduring or persevering. The word combines ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'beneath', and μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΤΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-THA-non
Translations: I died, they died, he died, she died, it died
Notes: This word means 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is the aorist active indicative form, which describes a past action completed at a specific point in time. It can be either first person singular ('I died') or third person plural ('they died'). In some contexts, it can also be used for third person singular ('he/she/it died').
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΘΝῌΣΚΩ (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix emphasizes the separation from life.
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-thah-NOY-men
Translations: we might die, we should die, we would die
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is often used in a conditional or potential sense, indicating something that might happen or should happen. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'θνῄσκω' (thnēiskō), meaning 'to die'.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Optative, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-kah-YOH-teh-ron
Translations: more righteous, more just, more fair, more right
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'righteous' or 'just'. It indicates a greater degree of righteousness, justice, or fairness. It can be used to describe something or someone as being 'more righteous' or 'more just' than another, or simply as 'more right' or 'more fair' in a given situation.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative Degree
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΕΡΟΝ, ΟΡΘΟΤΕΡΟΝ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G3501
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: NEH-oy
Translations: new, young, young men, young ones
Notes: This word describes something as new or young. As an adjective, it can modify a noun, meaning 'new' or 'young'. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to 'young men' or 'young people'. It is often used to distinguish between different generations or stages of life.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Neuter (as a substantive, referring to 'new things' or 'young things')
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΝΟΣ, ΝΕΩΤΕΡΟΣ
G0931
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-SAH-noos
Translations: torments, tortures, pains, trials, tests
Notes: This word refers to severe pain, torment, or torture, often inflicted as a test or punishment. It can also refer to the means by which such pain is inflicted, like a touchstone used to test metals. In a broader sense, it can mean a trial or test of character. It is used in sentences to describe suffering or the instruments of suffering.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑΙ, ΟΔΥΝΑΙ
G4991
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: SOHN
Translations: of safe, of sound, of whole, of well, of healthy
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'safe,' 'sound,' 'whole,' or 'healthy.' It describes something that is preserved, unharmed, or in good condition. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relation, often translated as 'of those who are safe' or 'of the sound ones.'
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΓΙΗΣ, ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ
G318
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nang-KOHN
Translations: of necessities, of distresses, of constraints, of troubles, of compulsions
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a state of necessity, compulsion, distress, or trouble. It denotes something that is unavoidable or a situation that causes hardship. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of necessities' or 'of distresses'. It can be used to describe the source or nature of a difficult situation.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΩΝ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΩΝ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἀνάγκη (anankē) comes from ἀνά (ana, 'up, back') and ἄγκη (ankē, 'a bend, a curve, a constraint'), suggesting a bending or forcing back, hence 'compulsion' or 'necessity'.
G5237
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hoo-per-ee-DON-tes
Translations: having overlooked, having disregarded, having despised, having scorned
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having overlooked" or "having disregarded." It describes an action completed in the past that has a bearing on the present situation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning "over" or "beyond," and the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning "to see." Thus, it literally means "to see over" or "to look beyond," implying a disregard or contempt for something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: AHS
Translations: unknown
Notes: The word "ΑΣ" is not a recognized word in Koine Greek. It is highly likely a misspelling or a fragment of a larger word. It could potentially be a typo for a word like "ΩΣ" (as, like), or part of a compound word where the rest has been omitted. Without further context or correction, its meaning is unclear.
Inflection: Unknown
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3807
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: py-DEW-tays
Translations: instructor, teacher, trainer, disciplinarian, a disciplinarian
Notes: This word refers to someone who instructs, trains, or disciplines. It can denote a teacher or tutor, but often carries the connotation of someone who educates through correction, training, or even punishment, aiming to improve character or behavior. It is used to describe a guide or mentor who imparts moral or spiritual instruction.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΣ, ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the verb παιδεύω (paideuō), meaning 'to train, educate, discipline,' which itself comes from παῖς (pais), meaning 'child'. Thus, it literally refers to one who trains or educates a child.
G1094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-ROHN
Translations: old man, an old man, elder
Notes: This word refers to an old man or an elder. It is used to describe someone who is advanced in age, often implying wisdom or respect due to their years. It can be used in a general sense for any elderly male, or specifically for an elder in a community or religious context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΗΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵerh₂- meaning 'to grow old'. It is related to the Greek word γῆρας (gēras), meaning 'old age'.
G3528
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-NEE-kay-sen
Translations: he conquered, he won, he overcame, he prevailed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to conquer, overcome, or prevail. It describes an action of achieving victory or superiority over an opponent or challenge. As an aorist tense verb, it indicates a completed action in the past, such as 'he conquered' or 'he won'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ
Etymology: The root word ΝΙΚΑΩ (nikao) comes from νίκη (nikē), meaning 'victory'.
G3985
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pei-RAH-zeh
Translations: test, try, tempt, examine, prove
Notes: This word means to test, try, or tempt someone or something. It can be used in a neutral sense, like to test the quality of something, or in a negative sense, like to tempt someone to do wrong. It can also mean to examine or prove. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of testing or trying individuals.
Inflection: Imperative, Present, Active, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: psy-KHAS
Translations: souls, lives, minds
Notes: This word refers to the souls, lives, or inner selves of individuals. It is the accusative plural form of the noun 'ψυχή' (psychē), indicating the direct object of an action. It can refer to the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the entire person.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
G2289
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tha-na-TO-sees
Translations: you will put to death, you will kill, you may put to death, you may kill
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to put to death' or 'to kill'. It describes the action of causing someone or something to die. It can be used in various contexts to indicate the act of killing, whether literally or figuratively.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative OR Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G3543
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: noh-MEE-sees
Translations: you may think, you may suppose, you may consider, you may believe, you may practice, you may customarily do
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to think,' 'to suppose,' 'to consider,' or 'to believe.' It can also mean 'to practice' or 'to customarily do' something. It is often used in contexts where someone is forming an opinion or holding a belief. In the provided examples, it is used in a prohibitive subjunctive construction (with 'μή') to mean 'do not think' or 'do not suppose.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ
G0984
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BLAP-tayn
Translations: to harm, to injure, to damage, to hurt
Notes: This verb means to harm, injure, or damage someone or something. It is used to describe an action that causes detriment or hurt. For example, one might say 'to harm a person' or 'to damage property'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΕΙΝ, ΚΑΚΟΥΡΓΕΙΝ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to strike' or 'to hit'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.
G0928
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zohn
Translations: tormenting, torturing, testing, distressing, vexing, examining, afflicting, one who torments
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'tormenting' or 'one who torments'. It describes an ongoing action of causing severe distress, pain, or affliction, or of rigorously testing something or someone. It can also refer to the act of examining or scrutinizing. It is often used to describe physical or mental suffering inflicted upon someone.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩΝ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΩΝ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ comes from the noun ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ (BASANOS), which refers to a touchstone used to test the purity of metals, and by extension, a test, torment, or torture. The verb form thus means to apply such a test or to inflict torment.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G3588, G1161
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adjective
Sounds like: TAYS-deh
Translations: but this, and this, this, this one, of this, of this one
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the genitive singular feminine definite article or demonstrative pronoun ΤΗΣ (tēs) and the postpositive conjunction ΔΕ (de). It is used to connect a clause or phrase to the preceding one, often introducing a contrast or a continuation, while also pointing to a specific feminine noun in the genitive case. It can be translated as 'but this' or 'and this', or simply 'this' or 'of this' depending on context, emphasizing the specific item or concept being referred to.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗΣ, ΤΑΥΤΗΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2552
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-koh-pa-THEH-ee-as
Translations: of suffering, of hardship, of affliction, of distress, of tribulation
Notes: This word is a compound noun referring to the state of enduring hardship, suffering, or affliction. It describes a condition of distress or tribulation. It is used to indicate the source or cause of something, or possession, in a genitive context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΩΣ, ΠΑΘΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑΣ
G5281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-po-mo-NAYS
Translations: of endurance, of patience, of perseverance, of steadfastness
Notes: This word refers to the act of remaining under or enduring, often with a sense of steadfastness or patient waiting. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under', and 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It describes the capacity to bear up under difficult circumstances without giving in or losing hope, often implying an active, rather than passive, resistance to adversity. It can be used in contexts of enduring trials, waiting patiently for a promise, or steadfastly holding to one's faith.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΙΑ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΑ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΜΟΝΗ (hypomonē) is derived from the Greek preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It literally means 'a remaining under' or 'a patient enduring'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G703
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-reh-TAYS
Translations: of virtue, of excellence, of moral goodness, of valor
Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or valor. It describes a quality of high moral standing or outstanding ability, often implying courage or effectiveness.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'Ἀρετή' (aretē) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ἀρή' (arē), meaning 'prayer' or 'curse', or from the root 'ἀρ-' (ar-), meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It evolved to signify excellence of any kind, and later, moral excellence.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ATH-lah
Translations: labors, contests, prizes, struggles
Notes: This word refers to struggles, contests, or the prizes won in such contests. It can describe the arduous efforts themselves or the rewards achieved through them. It is often used in the context of athletic competitions or moral struggles.
Inflection: Nominative Plural Neuter, Accusative Plural Neuter, or Vocative Plural Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΓΩΝ, ἘΡΓΟΝ, ΒΡΑΒΕΙΟΝ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-so-men
Translations: we will bear, we will carry, we will bring, we will endure
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to bear,' 'to carry,' 'to bring,' or 'to endure.' It is used to describe an action that will happen in the future, indicating that the subject (we) will perform the action of bearing or carrying something, or enduring a situation. It can refer to physically carrying an object or metaphorically bearing a burden or enduring hardship.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΞΟΜΕΝ, ΚΟΜΙΣΟΜΕΝ, ΒΑΣΤΑΞΟΜΕΝ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mee-ah-roh-foh-NEE-ah
Translations: defilement by murder, a defilement by murder
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling of 'μιαροφονία' (miarophonia), which is a compound noun meaning 'defilement by murder' or 'pollution by killing'. It refers to the act or state of being defiled or polluted through the shedding of blood or committing murder. It would be used in a sentence to describe such an act or its consequence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΙΑΣΜΑ, ΦΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μιαροφονία' is a compound of 'μιαρός' (miaros), meaning 'defiled' or 'polluted', and 'φονία' (phonia), meaning 'murder' or 'killing'.
G0842
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TAR-kay
Translations: self-sufficient, content, sufficient, enough
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is self-sufficient, content with what they have, or simply enough for a particular purpose. It implies a state of independence and satisfaction, not needing external help or additional resources. It can be used to describe a person who is satisfied with their own means, or a quantity that is adequate.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΑΡΚΕΤΟΣ
G2594
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kar-teh-REH-seess
Translations: you will endure, you will persevere, you will suffer, you will bear patiently
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to endure,' 'to persevere,' or 'to suffer patiently.' It describes the act of bearing up under difficult circumstances or continuing steadfastly despite challenges. In this form, it indicates a future action performed by a single person, as in 'you will endure.'
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΦΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ (kartereō) is derived from the adjective ΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΣ (karteros), meaning 'strong' or 'steadfast.' This, in turn, comes from ΚΑΡΤΟΣ (kartos), an older form of ΚΡΑΤΟΣ (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power.' Thus, the verb implies acting with strength or steadfastness.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G2304
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: THEY-ahs
Translations: of divine, of a divine, of the divine
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'divine' or 'godlike'. It is used to describe something that pertains to God or a god, or that possesses qualities associated with divinity. It can refer to divine power, nature, or origin. In this form, it is used to modify a feminine singular noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΘΕΟΦΙΛΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΙΟΣ (theios) comes from ΘΕΟΣ (theos), meaning 'God'. It refers to that which belongs to or is characteristic of God.
G1349
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEE-kays
Translations: of justice, of right, of judgment, of penalty, of punishment
Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, right, or judgment. It can also denote a penalty or punishment that is justly deserved. It is often used in contexts related to legal proceedings, divine judgment, or moral rectitude.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΕΩΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑΣ
G0166
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on
Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual
Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age or period of time, often implying a duration that is either without end or of very long duration. It can refer to something that has always existed, will always exist, or is characteristic of a particular age. In many contexts, it is translated as 'eternal' or 'everlasting', emphasizing endless duration.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑἸΔΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑἸΩΝ (AIŌN), meaning 'age' or 'eternity'.
G0931
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-SAH-non
Translations: torture, torment, test, a test, a torment, a torture
Notes: This word refers to a test, a trial, or a severe examination, often involving physical or mental suffering. It can denote torture or torment, particularly as a means of extracting information or as a form of punishment. It is used to describe a state of intense distress or affliction.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-ros
Translations: of fire, fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G2036
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ei-PON-ton
Translations: of saying, of speaking, of telling, of those saying, of those speaking, of those telling
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or saying, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. As a genitive plural, it typically refers to 'of those who are saying' or 'of their saying'.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ΕἸΠΩ (eipo) is an aorist stem of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek, used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3440
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: MO-non
Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary
Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G0544
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-pee-THOO-n-tohn
Translations: of disobedient ones, of those who disobey, of unbelievers, of the unpersuaded
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to disobey' or 'to be unpersuaded'. It describes people who are in a state of disobedience, unbelief, or resistance to persuasion. It is often used to refer to those who refuse to believe or obey God's commands or teachings. In a sentence, it would function like an adjective or a noun, describing a group of people.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΠΙΣΤΩΝ, ἈΝΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΩΝ, ἈΠΕΙΘΩΝ
G5467
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ekh-ah-LEH-py-nen
Translations: he was enraged, he was furious, he was angry, he was difficult, he was harsh
Notes: This word describes the act of becoming enraged, furious, or difficult. It implies a strong emotional reaction, often one of anger or indignation, or a state of being harsh or severe. It is used to describe someone who is showing great displeasure or is acting in a very difficult manner.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΘΥΜΟΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΑΝΑΚΤΕΩ
G5177
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: too-RAH-noss
Translations: tyrant, a tyrant, ruler, despot
Notes: This word refers to a ruler who holds absolute power, often one who has seized power unconstitutionally. While in modern English 'tyrant' carries a negative connotation of oppressive rule, in ancient Greek, especially initially, it could simply refer to a powerful ruler or monarch, without necessarily implying cruelty or injustice. It is used to describe a powerful individual in authority.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ, ΑΥΤΟΚΡΑΤΩΡ
Etymology: The word 'tyrannos' is of pre-Greek origin, likely from an Anatolian language. It entered Greek during the Archaic period and originally referred to an absolute ruler, often one who came to power outside of hereditary succession.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G0884
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-KHA-ris-ton
Translations: of ungrateful, of thankless, of ungracious
Notes: This word describes someone who is ungrateful, thankless, or ungracious. It is used to characterize individuals who do not show appreciation for kindness or benefits received. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating a quality of that noun, such as 'ungrateful people' or 'thankless acts'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΓΝΩΜΩΝ, ἈΧΑΡΙΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΧΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and χάρις (charis, 'grace, favor, thanks'). Thus, it literally means 'without grace' or 'without thanks'.
G3710
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: or-GISS-thay
Translations: he was angered, he became angry, he got angry
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to become angry, to be provoked to anger, or to be enraged. It describes the state of someone experiencing wrath or indignation. In this form, it indicates that the subject of the verb was the one who became angry.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive/Middle, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ
Etymology: From ὀργή (orgē), meaning 'anger' or 'wrath'.
G3606
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: O-THEN
Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason
Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.
G4245
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pres-BY-tah-ton
Translations: oldest, eldest, most senior, the oldest, the eldest, the most senior
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'πρέσβυς' (presbys), meaning 'old' or 'elder'. As a superlative, it means 'oldest', 'eldest', or 'most senior'. It is used to describe the oldest or most senior person or thing among a group. For example, it could refer to the oldest son or the most senior member of a council.
Inflection: Superlative, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΤΑΤΟΝ, ΓΕΡΟΝΤΟΤΑΤΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'πρέσβυς' (presbys) comes from an uncertain origin, possibly related to 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before', suggesting one who is 'before' others in age or rank.
G2753
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: keh-lefs-THEN-tes
Translations: having been commanded, having been ordered, having been urged, having been exhorted
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κελεύω' (keleuō), meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this form, it indicates that the subjects of the verb have received a command or order. It is often used to describe people who are acting under instruction or compulsion.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΧΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΤΕΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΠΙΤΑΧΘΕΝΤΕΣ
G3853
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-ay-GAH-gon
Translations: led aside, brought forward, passed by, went by, came forward, introduced
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to lead or bring alongside, to introduce, or to pass by. It can describe someone being led forward or introduced, or something moving past. In different contexts, it can mean to lead astray, to bring forth, or to simply pass by a place or time.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΕΙΣΑΓΩ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G3148
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mas-TIS-tai
Translations: scourgers, floggers, torturers
Notes: This word refers to those who inflict a scourging or flogging. It describes individuals whose role or action involves whipping or torturing others, often as a form of punishment. It is typically used in contexts describing physical chastisement or torture.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΟΝΤΕΣ, ΜΑΣΤΙΓΟΦΟΡΟΙ
G1284
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: dee-ar-RAYK-san-tes
Translations: tearing, rending, bursting, having torn, having rent
Notes: This word is the aorist active participle (nominative masculine plural) of the verb 'διαρρήγνυμι'. It means to tear or rend something apart, often with force or violence. It can be used to describe the act of tearing clothes, breaking open a container, or bursting forth. In a sentence, it would describe an action that has already occurred, performed by the subject, leading to a subsequent action or state.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΧΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word διαρρήγνυμι is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'. Thus, it literally means 'to break or tear through/apart'.
G5509
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khee-TOH-nah
Translations: tunic, a tunic, coat, a coat, garment, a garment
Notes: This word refers to a tunic or an undergarment, typically worn close to the body. It was a common piece of clothing in ancient times, often made of linen or wool, and could be worn by both men and women. It is used in sentences to describe an item of clothing that is worn or removed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΧΙΤΩΝ (chitōn) is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a Phoenician or Aramaic term, referring to a type of garment.
G1210
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-EH-day-san
Translations: they bound, they tied, they fastened
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. It is often used to describe the act of physically restraining someone or something, or metaphorically, to establish a bond or obligation. The prefix 'δι-' (di-) here intensifies the action, suggesting a thorough or complete binding.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΕΥΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ras
Translations: hands
Notes: This word refers to hands, the physical appendages at the end of the arm. It is used in various contexts, often literally for actions involving the hands, but also metaphorically to signify power, control, or agency. For example, something might be 'in the hands of' someone, meaning under their control.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
G0990
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bra-KHEE-oh-nas
Translations: arms, an arm, arm, forearm, shoulder
Notes: This word refers to the human arm, from the shoulder to the hand. In a broader sense, it can also denote strength, power, or the ability to act. It is often used in contexts describing physical action or the exercise of authority.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΕΙΡ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ
G2438
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-MAH-sin
Translations: thong, strap, lash, a thong, a strap, a lash
Notes: This word refers to a thong, strap, or lash, typically made of leather. It can be used to describe a sandal strap, a whip, or a cord for binding. In the provided context, it seems to be a misspelling of 'ΑΙΜΑΣΙΝ' (haimasin), which is the dative plural of 'ΑΙΜΑ' (haima), meaning 'blood'. If it were 'ΑΙΜΑΣΙΝ', it would mean 'in blood' or 'with blood'. However, if 'ΙΜΑΣΙΝ' is intended, it would mean 'with thongs' or 'with straps'. Given the context of building cities and mixing, 'ΑΙΜΑΣΙΝ' (blood) is far more likely.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΖΩΝΗ, ΣΧΟΙΝΙΟΝ
G1538
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-kah-teh-ROH-then
Translations: on both sides, from both sides, on every side
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction from two or more sides. It is used to describe something that is present or occurring on either side of a central point, or from multiple directions. For example, one might say that a crowd gathered 'on both sides' of a road.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek word 'ἑκάτερος' (hekateros), meaning 'each of two', combined with the suffix '-θεν' (-then), which indicates origin or direction 'from'.
G5180
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: TOOP-ton-tes
Translations: striking, beating, smiting, hitting, those who strike, those who beat, those who smite, those who hit
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'τύπτω', meaning 'to strike' or 'to beat'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. In this form, it refers to 'those who are striking' or 'while striking'. It can be used to describe the action of a group of people.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ, ΚΟΠΤΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G3148
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAS-tix-in
Translations: with scourges, with whips, with plagues, with diseases, with calamities
Notes: This word refers to instruments of punishment, such as whips or scourges, or metaphorically to severe afflictions, plagues, or calamities. It is used to describe the means by which someone is punished or suffers.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΑΙΣ, ΜΑΣΤΙΓΕΣ, ΚΟΛΑΣΕΙΣ
G2872
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-ko-PEE-ah-san
Translations: they toiled, they labored, they grew weary, they became tired
Notes: This word describes the act of toiling, laboring, or working hard to the point of exhaustion or weariness. It implies significant effort and the resulting fatigue. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things exerted themselves greatly and became tired or worn out.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΟΧΘΕΩ, ΚΑΜΝΩ, ΠΟΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word κοπιάω (kopiáō) comes from the noun κόπος (kópos), meaning 'toil, labor, trouble'. It signifies the act of engaging in such toil or labor.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G0408
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-NOO-on-tes
Translations: accomplishing, achieving, performing, finishing, completing, bringing to an end
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anuo', meaning to accomplish or bring to an end. It describes someone or something that is in the process of achieving or completing an action. It can be used to describe the state or action of a subject, often indicating the result or outcome of their efforts.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἀνύω (anuo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the concept of reaching an end or completion.
G0390
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-BAH-lon
Translations: they cast up, they threw up, they put upon, they postponed, they delayed
Notes: This is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναβάλλω (anaballō). It means 'to cast up' or 'to throw up', often implying placing something upon something else. It can also mean 'to put off' or 'to postpone' an action or event. The specific meaning depends on the context, especially whether it is used with an object and a preposition indicating direction.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΡΡΙΠΤΩ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ἀναβάλλω is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G5164
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-khon
Translations: wheel, a wheel, course, a course
Notes: This word refers to a wheel, a circular object that revolves on an axle. It can also metaphorically refer to a course or cycle, such as the 'course of life' or the 'cycle of events'. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the 'wheel of the sun' and a torture device, a 'wheel' upon which someone is placed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΣ, ΡΟΔΑ
Etymology: From the verb τρέχω (trechō), meaning 'to run', referring to something that runs or revolves.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G2659
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-TEH-noh-meh-nos
Translations: stretching, straining, extending, exerting, striving, being stretched, being strained
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'κατατείνω'. It describes an action of stretching, straining, or extending, often with effort or intensity. It can refer to physical stretching, like a limb, or to a more abstract striving or exerting oneself towards a goal. In the middle voice, it implies the subject is stretching themselves, while in the passive voice, it means the subject is being stretched or strained.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΤΕΙΝΩ, ΕΞΑΠΛΟΩ
G2104
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-geh-NES
Translations: noble, well-born, high-born, honorable, a noble, a well-born
Notes: This adjective describes someone or something as noble, well-born, or of good stock. It can refer to a person's lineage, indicating they come from a distinguished family, or it can describe their character, meaning they possess honorable and virtuous qualities. It is used to commend someone's inherent worth or elevated status.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ἘΣΘΛΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek elements: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, or birth'. Thus, it literally means 'well-born' or 'of good birth'.
G3501
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-ah-NEE-as
Translations: young man, a young man, youth, a youth
Notes: This word refers to a young man or a youth. It is typically used to describe someone in the prime of their life, often implying vigor or strength. It can be used in a general sense to refer to any young male.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΝΕΩΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the adjective νέος (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'. It refers to someone who is in the early stages of life, hence 'young man'.
G1820
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eks-AR-thros
Translations: dislocated, out of joint
Notes: This word describes something that is dislocated or out of joint, typically referring to a bone or limb. It implies a state of being displaced from its proper position, often due to injury or force. It can be used to describe a person or an animal whose bones are dislocated.
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Singular
Etymology: The word ἘΞΑΡΘΡΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ἄρθρον (arthron), meaning 'joint'. Thus, it literally means 'out of joint'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GHEE-neh-toh
Translations: was happening, was becoming, was done, came to pass, occurred
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or in progress in the past. It can mean 'it was happening,' 'it was becoming,' 'it was done,' or 'it came to pass,' depending on the context. It emphasizes the process or state of something coming into being or occurring over a period of time.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G3196
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-los
Translations: member, a member, part, a part, limb, a limb, song, a song, melody, a melody
Notes: This word refers to a part of a body, such as a limb or member. It can also refer to a musical piece, like a song or melody. In general usage, it denotes a component part of a larger whole, whether physical or abstract.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΚΩΛΟΝ, ΥΜΝΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mel- (strong, great). It is related to words meaning 'limb' or 'part' and also 'song' or 'melody', suggesting a connection between the structured parts of the body and the structured parts of music.
G2806
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: KLO-meh-nos
Translations: broken, torn, crushed, a broken one, a torn one, a crushed one
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'κλάω' (klaō), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'. As a participle, it describes something that has been broken or torn. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'the one who has been broken' or 'that which has been torn'. It indicates a completed action with a continuing result.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΤΡΙΜΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΣΜΕΝΟΣ
G2723
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tay-go-REH-ee
Translations: accuses, he accuses, she accuses, it accuses
Notes: This word means 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against someone'. It is used to describe the act of formally or informally blaming someone for a wrongdoing. For example, one might say 'he accuses' or 'she accuses' someone of a crime or a fault.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G3392
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mee-eh-ROH-tah-teh
Translations: most defiled, most polluted, most abominable, most unholy, most unclean
Notes: This word is the vocative singular form of the superlative adjective 'μιαρώτατος' (miarotatos), meaning 'most defiled' or 'most abominable'. It is used to address someone in a highly condemnatory manner, emphasizing their extreme impurity or wickedness. It is often used in a rhetorical or exclamatory context.
Inflection: Superlative, Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΑΘΑΡΩΤΑΤΕ, ΒΔΕΛΥΡΩΤΑΤΕ
Etymology: The word 'μιαρός' (miaros) comes from the verb 'μιαίνω' (miainō), meaning 'to stain, defile, pollute'. It describes something that is ritually or morally impure.
G3770
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oo-ra-NEE-oo
Translations: of heavenly, of celestial, of heaven
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'heavenly' or 'celestial', referring to anything that pertains to the heavens or the sky. It describes things that originate from, are located in, or are characteristic of the divine realm or the physical sky. It can be used to describe things like heavenly bodies, heavenly beings, or divine justice.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἘΠΟΥΡΑΝΙΟΣ, ΟΥ̓ΡΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΡΑΝΙΟΣ (ouranios) is derived from the noun ΟΥ̓ΡΑΝΟΣ (ouranos), meaning 'heaven' or 'sky'. It describes something belonging to or coming from the sky or heaven.
G2189
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: EKH-thre
Translations: enemy, hostile, a foe
Notes: This word refers to an enemy or someone who is hostile. It can be used as a noun to mean 'an enemy' or as an adjective to describe someone or something as 'hostile' or 'hateful'. In the provided form, it is used to directly address an enemy.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΧΘΡΟΣ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hate'. It is related to words signifying hatred or hostility.
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-moh-FRON
Translations: cruel-minded, savage-minded, fierce-minded
Notes: This word describes someone who has a cruel, savage, or fierce disposition or mindset. It is used to characterize a person's inner nature or attitude, emphasizing a lack of compassion or a tendency towards brutality. It is a compound word formed from 'ὠμός' (ōmos), meaning 'raw, crude, cruel', and 'φρήν' (phrēn), meaning 'mind, spirit, heart'.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΩΜΟΣ, ΑΓΡΙΟΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0409
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: an-dro-fo-NEE-san-ta
Translations: having murdered a man, having killed a man
Notes: This word is a compound participle meaning 'having murdered a man' or 'having killed a man'. It describes someone who has committed the act of killing a person. It is used to qualify a noun or pronoun, indicating an action completed in the past by that person.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Accusative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΟΝΕΥΣΑΝΤΑ, ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΑΝΤΑ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G2692
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-ee-KID-zace
Translations: you torture, you torment, you abuse, you mistreat
Notes: This word means to torture, torment, or abuse someone severely. It implies a harsh and cruel treatment. It is used to describe the act of inflicting great suffering or pain upon another.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ, ΑΙΚΙΖΩ
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pon
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, a custom, fashion, a fashion
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or custom in which something is done. It describes the method or style of an action or event. For example, it can be used to say 'in this way' or 'after the manner of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ, ΕΘΟΣ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G0764
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: as-eh-BAY-san-tah
Translations: those who acted impiously, those who were ungodly, the ungodly ones, impious ones
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be impious' or 'to act ungodly'. It describes individuals who have committed acts of impiety or ungodliness. In this form, it functions like an adjective or noun, referring to 'those who have acted impiously' or 'the ungodly ones'. It is often used to describe people who disregard divine law or show irreverence towards God.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΟΥΣ, ἈΔΙΚΟΥΣ, ἈΣΕΒΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΣΕΒΕΩ (asebeō) comes from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and σέβομαι (sebomai), meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere'. Thus, it literally means 'not revering' or 'without reverence'.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G2304
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: divine, godly, sacred, of God, a divine being, a god
Notes: This word describes something as divine, godly, or sacred, pertaining to God or a god. It can be used to describe laws, power, or nature as being from a divine source. It can also function as a noun, referring to a divine being or a god.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΘΕΟΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pro-as-PI-zon-tah
Translations: defending, protecting, shielding, guarding
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'defending' or 'protecting'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ἀσπίζω (aspizo), meaning 'to shield' or 'to defend with a shield'. Thus, it literally means 'to shield before' or 'to defend in front of', implying active protection.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΟΝΤΑ, ΑΜΥΝΟΝΤΑ, ΣΚΕΠΑΖΟΝΤΑ
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doh-roo-foh-RON
Translations: of a bodyguard, of bodyguards, of a spear-bearer, of spear-bearers
Notes: This word is a compound noun, meaning 'spear-bearer' or 'bodyguard'. It refers to someone who carries a spear, often in a protective or military capacity, serving as a personal guard or attendant to a king or important person. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or association, such as 'of the bodyguards'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ, ΣΩΜΑΤΟΦΥΛΑΞ
Etymology: The word ΔΟΡΥΦΟΡΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: δόρυ (dory), meaning 'spear', and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. Thus, it literally means 'spear-bearer'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-GON-tohn
Translations: (of) saying, (of) speaking, (of) telling, (of) relating, (of) calling, (of) naming
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'those who are saying' or 'of those who are speaking'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the action of a group of people who are speaking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ
G3670
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GAY-son
Translations: confess, acknowledge, profess, agree, promise
Notes: This word means to confess, acknowledge, or agree. It is often used in the context of making a public declaration of belief or truth, or to come to an agreement with someone. It can also mean to promise or to give thanks.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Active, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΟΜΟΦΩΝΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ
G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-GAYN
Translations: to eat, to consume
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is used to express the action of eating in a general sense, often as the object of another verb or as a purpose clause.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The root of this word is related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to eat'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek for the act of consuming food.
G3704
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-pos
Translations: how, as, that, in order that, so that
Notes: This word functions as both a conjunction and an adverb. As a conjunction, it introduces clauses of purpose or result, meaning 'in order that' or 'so that'. As an adverb, it describes manner, meaning 'how' or 'as'. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΙΝΑ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὡς (hōs, 'as') and πώς (pōs, 'somehow').
G0052
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pal-la-GAYS
Translations: deliverance, release, freedom, a deliverance, a release, a freedom
Notes: This word refers to a deliverance, release, or freedom from something, often from a difficult or undesirable situation. It describes the act of being set free or obtaining relief. It is typically used in contexts where someone is freed from a burden, suffering, or obligation.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ, ΛΥΣΙΣ, ἈΦΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ἀπαλλαγή (apallagē) comes from the verb ἀπαλλάσσω (apallassō), meaning 'to set free, release, deliver'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from, away from', and ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change, alter'. Thus, it conveys the idea of a change away from a state of confinement or difficulty.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G2478
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: iss-khoo-ROS
Translations: strong, mighty, powerful, a strong one, a mighty one
Notes: This word describes something or someone possessing great strength, power, or might. It can refer to physical strength, but also to authority, influence, or effectiveness. It is often used to describe God or powerful individuals.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΡΩΜΑΛΕΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἸΣΧΥΡΟΣ (ischyros) is derived from the noun ἸΣΧΥΣ (ischys), meaning 'strength' or 'might'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pos
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, habit, character, conduct, turn
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or mode of doing something. It can also describe a custom, habit, or one's character and conduct. It is often used to describe how an action is performed or the nature of a person's behavior.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΗ, ΕΘΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb τρέπω (trepō), meaning 'to turn'. The noun refers to the way something turns or is directed, hence its meaning of 'manner' or 'way'.
G3392
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mee-AH-roy
Translations: defiled, polluted, unclean, abominable
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is ritually or morally defiled, polluted, or unclean. It can refer to things that are impure in a religious sense or to people who are morally corrupt. It is often used to describe practices or individuals that are considered an abomination.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΣ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΣ
G1249
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-koh-noy
Translations: servants, ministers, deacons
Notes: This word refers to those who serve, either generally as a servant or attendant, or specifically as a minister or deacon in a religious context. It describes someone who carries out the commands of another, often in a humble or subordinate role. It can be used to describe anyone who provides service or assistance.
Inflection: Nominative or Vocative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΑΙ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb κονέω (koneō), meaning 'to raise dust' or 'to hasten'. This suggests the idea of someone who is busy or active in service, perhaps running errands or performing duties diligently.
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G3053
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: loh-giss-MON
Translations: thought, a thought, reasoning, a reasoning, calculation, a calculation, purpose, a purpose, device, a device
Notes: This word refers to a thought, reasoning, or calculation. It describes the product of mental activity, such as a plan, a purpose, or a device. It can be used to denote both good and bad intentions or ideas.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ
G0006
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AK-sai
Translations: to break, to shatter, to tear, to burst
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the verb ἄγνυμι (agnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to shatter'. It describes the action of causing something to separate into pieces or to be destroyed by force. As an infinitive, it functions like a noun, often used after verbs like 'to be able' or 'to wish', indicating the purpose or result of an action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΘΡΥΠΤΩ, ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ
Etymology: The word ἄγνυμι (agnymi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to break'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the idea of breaking or shattering.
G5114
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TEM-ne-teh
Translations: cut, cut off, sever, hew, you cut, you cut off, you sever
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to cut' or 'to cut off'. It is used as a command or instruction, specifically directed at multiple people (you all). It can refer to physically cutting something, or metaphorically severing a connection or relationship.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word τέμνω (temnō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *temh₁- meaning 'to cut'.
G3196
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-lee
Translations: members, limbs, parts
Notes: This word refers to the individual parts or components of a body, whether human or animal, such as limbs or organs. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to members of a group or community, or components of a larger whole. It is the plural form of the noun 'ΜΕΛΟΣ'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
G4448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: py-ROO-teh
Translations: you burn, you set on fire, you inflame, you purify by fire, you refine
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to burn', 'to set on fire', or 'to inflame'. It can also refer to the process of purifying or refining something with fire, like metals. It is used here in the second person plural, indicating that 'you all' are performing the action. In a sentence, it would describe the action of causing something to burn or be consumed by fire.
Inflection: Present Active Indicative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΩ, ΦΛΕΓΩ
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-KAS
Translations: flesh, meat, the flesh, the meat
Notes: This word refers to flesh, meat, or the body. It is often used to describe the physical substance of living beings, including humans and animals. In some contexts, it can also refer to human nature or the physical aspect of a person, as opposed to the spiritual. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of an action.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΚΡΕΑΣ
G4761
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stre-BLOO-teh
Translations: you twist, you distort, you pervert
Notes: This word means to twist, distort, or pervert something. It implies a turning or wrenching out of the proper shape or meaning. It can be used to describe physical actions, like twisting a limb, or metaphorical actions, like distorting the truth or perverting justice. In a sentence, it would describe the action of someone twisting or corrupting something.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΚΟΛΙΟΩ
G0744
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-thra
Translations: joints, limbs, members
Notes: This word refers to the joints of the body, or more broadly, to the limbs or members of the body. It is used to describe the physical connections or parts of an organism.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΛΗ, ΓΥΙΑ
Etymology: The word ἄρθρον (arthron) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂er- meaning 'to fit, to join'. It is related to words like 'art' and 'articulate' in English.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-SON
Translations: of all, of every, of the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a quantity or totality of something. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it indicates possession or origin for multiple feminine nouns.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PEY-soh
Translations: I will persuade, I will convince, I will obey, I will trust
Notes: This word is the future active indicative form of the verb 'peithō'. It means 'I will persuade' or 'I will convince' someone to do something. In the passive voice, it can mean 'I will be persuaded' or 'I will obey' or 'I will trust'. Its meaning can shift depending on the context and voice.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΕΊΘΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΈΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΎΩ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MOH-noy
Translations: alone, only, solitary, by oneself, the only ones
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone' or 'only'. It describes something or someone as being singular, isolated, or unique in a particular context. It can be used to emphasize exclusivity or solitude. For example, it might describe people who are by themselves or the only ones present.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΙΔΙΟΣ
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAI-des
Translations: children, boys, servants, slaves, attendants, young men
Notes: This word refers to children, particularly boys, or young people in general. It can also denote servants, slaves, or attendants, especially those who are young. Its meaning often depends on the context, ranging from literal offspring to individuals in a subordinate role.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΥΙΟΙ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-sin
Translations: are
Notes: This word is the third person plural form of the verb 'to be'. It means 'they are' or 'there are'. It is used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects, similar to how 'are' is used in English. For example, 'The men are here' or 'There are many books'.
Inflection: Third person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
G0423
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-NEE-kee-toy
Translations: unconquerable, invincible, unconquered, invincible ones
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'unconquerable' or 'invincible'. It describes something or someone that cannot be defeated or overcome. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'νικητός' (nikētos, meaning 'conquerable' or 'vanquishable'). It is used to describe individuals or groups who demonstrate unwavering strength or resilience in the face of challenges.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΗΤΤΗΤΟΣ, ΑΜΑΧΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΝΙΚΗΤΟΣ is derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and νικητός (nikētos, 'conquerable'), which itself comes from νικάω (nikaō, 'to conquer' or 'to overcome').
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GON-tes
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: This is the present active participle of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or saying something, often functioning adverbially to describe how an action is performed, or adjectivally to describe those who are speaking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TEE
Translations: still, yet, further, more
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating continuation in time or degree. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something that is ongoing or has not happened yet. It can also mean 'further' or 'more' when adding to something or indicating an additional quantity or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ, ἘΤΙΔΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti 'beyond, further'. It is related to Latin et 'and, also'.
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poor
Translations: fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to the element of fire. It is commonly used in a literal sense to denote burning, heat, or light. Metaphorically, it can represent divine judgment, purification, testing, or the presence of God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word with cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G2029
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pes-TROH-san
Translations: spread over, covered, laid upon, they spread over, they covered, they laid upon
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb στρώννυμι (stronnumi), meaning 'to spread' or 'to strew'. Together, it means to spread something over a surface, to cover it, or to lay something upon it. It is used to describe the action of covering or laying something down.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΣΤΡΩΝΝΥΜΙ
G1295
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-reh-THEE-zon-tes
Translations: provoking, irritating, stirring up, exasperating, inciting
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'διερεθίζω' (dierethizo), meaning to provoke, irritate, or stir up. It describes an action of actively causing annoyance or excitement in someone or something. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and 'ἐρεθίζω' (erethizo), meaning 'to rouse' or 'to provoke'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G4000
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ep-ee-kah-teh-TEI-non
Translations: they stretched, they extended, they strained, they intensified
Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefixes πρός (pros-), ἐπί (epi-), and κατά (kata-), combined with the root verb τείνω (teinō). It means to stretch, extend, or strain something, often with an added sense of intensity or direction. The prefixes collectively amplify the action of stretching, suggesting a forceful or continuous extension, or an extension towards something, upon something, and downwards/against something. It describes an action of increasing tension or effort.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΕΠΙΤΕΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΕΙΝΩ
G3435
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-moh-LYOO-neh-toh
Translations: was being defiled, was being polluted, was being stained
Notes: This word is an imperfect passive verb, meaning 'was being defiled' or 'was being polluted'. It describes an ongoing action in the past where something was in the process of becoming unclean or stained. It is used to indicate that the subject was receiving the action of defilement or pollution.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΜΙΑΙΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word μολύνω (molynō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to words meaning 'stain' or 'dirt'.
G3841
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAN-toh-then
Translations: from all sides, on every side, everywhere, all around
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or direction from all points or in all directions. It describes something that comes from or is present on every side, encompassing a complete surrounding area. It can be used to describe a situation where something is happening or coming from all directions simultaneously.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑΧΟΥ
Etymology: From the root of ΠΑΣ (all) and the suffix -θεν (from, indicating origin or direction).
G0001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AH-ee-mah-tee
Translations: to blood, in blood, with blood, by blood
Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. It is often used in a literal sense, but can also carry symbolic meaning, such as representing life, sacrifice, or kinship, especially in religious or covenantal contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G5164
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-khos
Translations: wheel, a wheel, course, a course
Notes: This word refers to a wheel, a circular object that revolves on an axle. It can also metaphorically refer to a course or circuit, such as the course of life or nature, implying a cyclical or continuous movement.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΣ, ΡΟΔΑ
Etymology: From the verb τρέχω (trechō), meaning 'to run', referring to something that runs or revolves.
G4984
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SOH-ros
Translations: heap, a heap, pile, a pile, mound, a mound
Notes: This word refers to a heap or pile of something, such as earth, stones, or grain. It can also denote a mound or a funeral pyre. It is typically used to describe an accumulation of objects or material.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΗΜΩΝ, ΟΓΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb σωρεύω (sōreúō), meaning 'to heap up' or 'to pile up'.
G0440
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-thra-KEE-as
Translations: of coals, of a charcoal fire, of glowing coals
Notes: This word refers to a heap of burning coals, a charcoal fire, or glowing embers. It is typically used to describe a source of heat or light from burning wood or charcoal. In a sentence, it would describe the material itself, often in a genitive construction indicating possession or source, such as 'the heat of the coals' or 'a fire made of coals'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The word ἈΝΘΡΑΚΙΑ (anthrakia) comes from the Greek word ἄνθραξ (anthrax), meaning 'coal' or 'charcoal'. It refers to something made of or related to coal.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-KHO-ron
Translations: of ichor, of the blood of the gods, of serum, of lymph
Notes: This word refers to ichor, which in Greek mythology is the ethereal fluid that flows in the veins of the gods instead of blood. It is often described as golden or translucent. In a more general or medical sense, it can refer to a watery discharge from a wound, or serum/lymph.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: The word "ichor" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It appears in Homeric Greek and is associated with the divine blood of the gods.
G4570
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-BEN-nyoo-toh
Translations: was being extinguished, was being quenched, was being put out
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to extinguish' or 'to quench'. It describes an action that was ongoing in the past and was being done to the subject. For example, 'the fire was being extinguished' or 'the thirst was being quenched'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
G4711
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: stah-lag-MOYS
Translations: to drops, to a drop, to tricklings, to a trickling
Notes: This word refers to drops or tricklings of liquid. It describes something that falls in small quantities, like water or blood. It is typically used to describe the slow, steady falling of liquid.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G0078
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AK-soh-nas
Translations: axis, an axis, axle, an axle, pivot, a pivot, pole, a pole
Notes: This word refers to a central line or rod around which something rotates or is balanced, such as an axle of a wheel or a geographical pole. It can also metaphorically refer to a central point or principle.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΝΟΣ, ΚΕΝΤΡΟΝ
Etymology: The word ἈΞΩΝ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱs-, meaning 'axis'. It is related to Latin 'axis' and English 'axle'.
G3704
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GA-noo
Translations: of an instrument, of a tool, of an organ, of a machine, of a device
Notes: This word refers to an instrument, tool, or device. It can also refer to a musical instrument or a bodily organ. In a broader sense, it can mean any means or implement used to achieve a purpose. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟΝ, ΜΗΧΑΝΗ
Etymology: The word ΟΡΓΑΝΟΝ comes from the verb ΟΡΓΑΩ (orgao), meaning 'to swell, to be ripe, to be eager'. It originally referred to something that is ready for work or action, thus an instrument or tool.
G4014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-REH-ohn
Translations: to take away, to remove, to cut off, to take off, to take around, to take from around
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'περί' (around) and 'αἱρέω' (to take). It generally means to take something away from around something else, to remove, or to cut off. It can be used in various contexts, such as removing an obstacle, cutting off a part, or taking something from a surrounding area.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'.
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAR-kes
Translations: flesh, body, a body, human nature, carnal nature, physical body
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature in general. It can also denote the carnal or sinful nature of humanity, especially in a theological context. It is often used to distinguish the physical from the spiritual.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ, ΔΕΡΜΑ
G5080
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: peh-ree-teh-TEEG-meh-non
Translations: melted, dissolved, wasted away, consumed, worn away, wasted, worn out
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been melted' or 'having been dissolved'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'completely', and the verb τήκω (tḗkō), meaning 'to melt' or 'to dissolve'. Therefore, it conveys the sense of being thoroughly or completely melted, dissolved, or wasted away. It can describe something that has been consumed or worn out, often referring to physical decay or exhaustion.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect, Passive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΥΘΕΝ, ΕΞΗΝΤΛΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΛΩΘΕΝ
Etymology: The root verb ΤΗΚΩ (tḗkō) means 'to melt' or 'to dissolve'. It is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words for flowing or dissolving. The prefix ΠΕΡΙ (peri) means 'around' or 'about', intensifying the action of the verb.
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-ohn
Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3747
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oss-TEH-ohn
Translations: of bones, bones
Notes: This word refers to bones, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates. It is used in a general sense to refer to the skeletal structure or individual bones. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a preposition or indicate possession, as in 'the marrow of the bones' or 'from the bones'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G4074
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEEG-mah
Translations: structure, framework, a structure, a framework, something fixed, something congealed
Notes: This word refers to something that is fixed, congealed, or solidified, often implying a structure or framework. It can describe a solid mass, a building, or even the skeletal structure of a body. It is derived from the verb 'πήγνυμι' (pēgnymi), meaning 'to fix, to solidify'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΟΜΗ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ, ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑ
Etymology: From the verb πήγνυμι (pēgnymi), meaning 'to fix, to solidify, to congeal'. The noun form refers to the result of this action.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-gah-LOH-frohn
Translations: magnanimous, high-minded, noble, great-souled, proud, arrogant
Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'μέγας' (great) and 'φρήν' (mind, spirit). It describes someone with a great or noble spirit, hence 'magnanimous' or 'high-minded'. However, depending on the context, it can also carry a negative connotation, implying 'proud' or 'arrogant' in a boastful sense. It describes a characteristic of a person's disposition or character.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΥΨΗΛΟΦΡΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ, ΘΡΑΣΥΚΑΡΔΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΓΑΛΟΦΡΩΝ is a compound of two Greek words: ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large', and ΦΡΗΝ (phrēn), meaning 'mind', 'spirit', or 'heart'. It describes a person with a 'great mind' or 'great spirit'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ab-rah-mee-AI-oss
Translations: Abrahamic, of Abraham, like Abraham
Notes: This adjective means 'Abrahamic' or 'of Abraham', indicating something related to or characteristic of Abraham. It describes qualities or lineage associated with the biblical patriarch Abraham, such as faith or being a descendant. It would be used to describe a person or thing as having a connection to Abraham.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
G4726
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-teh-NAX-en
Translations: he groaned, she groaned, it groaned
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to groan' or 'to sigh deeply'. It describes an involuntary sound made due to pain, sorrow, or deep emotion. It is used to express a strong internal feeling that manifests outwardly as a groan or sigh.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ὈΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-ree
Translations: to fire, by fire, with fire, in fire, fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. In its dative form, as seen here, it indicates the means, instrument, or location, often translated as 'by fire,' 'with fire,' 'in fire,' or 'to fire.' It can also simply mean 'fire' when the dative case is used to express general presence or involvement.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G3345
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: meh-tah-skhay-mah-TEE-zoh-meh-nos
Translations: being transformed, being changed in form, being conformed, being disguised
Notes: This word describes the action of changing one's outward form, appearance, or character. It implies a transformation or metamorphosis, often from one state or shape into another. It can refer to a physical change or a change in one's nature or behavior.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΜΟΡΦΟΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΡΕΠΩ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0086
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: af-thar-SEE-an
Translations: immortality, incorruptibility, imperishability
Notes: This word refers to the state of being immortal, incorruptible, or imperishable. It is often used in a theological context to describe the eternal nature of God or the resurrected state of believers, implying freedom from decay, death, or moral corruption. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (not) and 'φθαρσία' (corruption, decay).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΘΑΝΑΣΙΑ, ΑΦΘΟΡΙΑ
G5278
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-peh-MEH-nin
Translations: endured, persevered, remained, waited patiently
Notes: This word means to remain under, to endure, or to persevere. It implies steadfastness and patience in the face of difficulties, trials, or suffering. It is often used to describe someone who patiently bears up under adversity or remains faithful despite challenges.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G2105
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: yoo-geh-NOHS
Translations: nobly, honorably, generously, courageously
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'eugenēs' (noble, well-born). It describes an action performed in a noble, honorable, or courageous manner. It can be used to indicate that someone acted with dignity, integrity, or generosity.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΙΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΩΣ
G4762
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STREB-las
Translations: tortures, torments, racks, perversions
Notes: This word refers to instruments of torture, or the act of torturing itself, often involving twisting or distorting. It can also refer to perversions or distortions of truth or justice. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe severe physical suffering or moral corruption.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΑΝΟΥΣ, ΚΟΛΑΣΕΙΣ, ΑἸΚΙΑΣ
G3402
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mee-MAY-sas-theh
Translations: imitate, follow, emulate
Notes: This word means to imitate, follow, or emulate someone or something. It implies a conscious effort to act or behave in a similar way to another. It is often used in a hortatory sense, encouraging others to adopt certain behaviors or characteristics.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΖΗΛΟΩ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOY
Translations: brothers, fellow believers, kinsmen, countrymen
Notes: This word refers to brothers by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to male relatives, fellow countrymen, or, in a spiritual sense, fellow believers in a community. It is a plural form of the word for 'brother'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΙ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nah
Translations: age, an age, the age, eternity, the world
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, which can be a specific age or an indefinite duration, even eternity. It can also refer to the world or the present order of things. Its meaning often depends on the context, sometimes indicating a finite period and other times an unending one.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-poh-tak-TAY-seh-teh
Translations: desert, abandon, forsake, defect
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'λείπω' (to leave, abandon) and 'τάξις' (order, battle array). It means to desert or abandon one's post, especially in a military context, or to defect from a cause or group. It implies a failure to maintain one's position or loyalty.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon', and the noun ΤΑΞΙΣ (taxis), meaning 'order' or 'arrangement', particularly in a military context (battle array).
G3366
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G1843
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-oh-moh-SEE-stheh
Translations: you will confess, you will acknowledge, you will praise, you will give thanks
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to confess, acknowledge, or give thanks. It is often used in the context of confessing sins, acknowledging truth, or praising God. It can also imply a public declaration or agreement. The form provided is a future tense, indicating an action that will happen.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΈΩ, ΕΥ̓ΧΑΡΙΣΤΈΩ
G2115
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-psy-KHEE-as
Translations: (of) courage, (of) good cheer, (of) bravery, (of) boldness, (of) confidence
Notes: This word is a compound noun referring to the quality of having a good soul or spirit, thus signifying courage, good cheer, or bravery. It describes a state of mind characterized by confidence and fortitude, often in the face of adversity. It is used to describe someone's inner strength or resolve.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word Εὐψυχία (eupsychia) is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ψυχή (psychē), meaning 'soul', 'spirit', or 'life'. Thus, it literally means 'goodness of soul' or 'good spirit'.
G0081
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOH-tay-tah
Translations: brotherhood, a brotherhood, fellowship, community, a community
Notes: This word refers to a brotherhood, a community, or a fellowship, often implying a close bond among members, similar to that of siblings. It can describe a group of people united by common interests, beliefs, or a shared purpose. It is used to denote the collective body of believers or a spiritual family.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΙΑ
G2413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-eh-RAN
Translations: holy, sacred, a holy, a sacred
Notes: This word describes something as holy, sacred, or consecrated. It is used to refer to things, places, or people that are set apart for religious purposes or are considered divine. For example, it can describe sacred garments, holy books, or consecrated ground.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G2104
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-geh-NAY
Translations: noble, well-born, high-minded, generous, a noble (person)
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe someone who is of noble birth, or more broadly, someone who possesses noble qualities such as generosity, integrity, or high-mindedness. It can be used to describe a person's character or their social standing.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΓΕΝΝΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΓΕΝΗΣ (eugenēs) is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun ΓΕΝΟΣ (genos), meaning 'race, stock, or birth'. Thus, it literally means 'well-born' or 'of good stock'.
G4756
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-TEE-ahn
Translations: campaign, expedition, warfare, army, host, a campaign, an expedition, a warfare, an army, a host
Notes: This word refers to a military campaign, an expedition, or the act of warfare. It can also denote a body of soldiers, an army, or a host, particularly in a military context. It is often used to describe organized military activity or the forces involved in it.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek word στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war, to serve as a soldier,' which itself comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army, encampment.'
G4754
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: strah-TEV-sas-theh
Translations: serve as a soldier, wage war, fight, serve, contend
Notes: This word means to serve as a soldier, to go to war, or to fight. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to contend or to serve, especially in a spiritual sense, like fighting a good fight or serving a cause. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead).
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Deponent, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ
G2150
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-SEH-beh-ee-as
Translations: of piety, of godliness, of reverence, of devotion, of holiness
Notes: This word refers to piety, godliness, or reverence, particularly in the context of devotion towards God or a deity. It describes a respectful and devout attitude or behavior, often encompassing moral uprightness and religious observance. It is used to describe the quality of being pious or godly.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΡΗΣΚΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΕΙΑ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: HAYS
Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what
Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G2436
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-leh-ohs
Translations: gracious, merciful, propitious, favorable
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is gracious, merciful, or propitious, often in a religious context, indicating a favorable disposition, especially from God. It can be used to describe God's willingness to forgive or show favor. It is often used in prayers or supplications, asking for mercy or favor.
Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ, ΕΛΕΗΜΩΝ
Etymology: This word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai), meaning 'to propitiate' or 'to make atonement'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah
Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.
G3967
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-tree-oss
Translations: of a father, ancestral, traditional, hereditary, native, national, a father's
Notes: This word describes something that pertains to a father, or is inherited from ancestors, thus meaning ancestral, traditional, or native. It is often used to refer to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations within a family or a nation. For example, one might speak of "ancestral customs" or "native land."
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, or Dative; Singular or Plural (declines like a 2nd declension adjective)
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), meaning 'father'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) forms adjectives indicating belonging or origin, thus 'belonging to a father' or 'from a father'.
G4307
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRO-noy-ah
Translations: providence, a providence, foresight, forethought, provision
Notes: This word refers to foresight, forethought, or divine providence. It implies a careful planning or provision for the future, often with a sense of divine care or guidance. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the noun νοῦς (nous), meaning "mind" or "intellect," suggesting a "mind before" or "fore-mind."
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΒΛΕΨΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑ (pronoia) is derived from the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning "to perceive, to think, to understand." It literally means "fore-thinking" or "fore-knowing."
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nay
Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people
Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-nee-THEY-sah
Translations: having become, having been, having happened, having come into being, having been born
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ginomai', which means 'to become', 'to be', or 'to happen'. As an aorist passive participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and was done to the subject, or that the subject came into being. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates that the subject 'having become' or 'having been' something. For example, 'the woman having become' or 'the thing having happened'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ
G5097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tee-moh-RAY-see-en
Translations: may he punish, would punish, might punish, avenge, take vengeance, exact punishment
Notes: This word describes the act of punishing, taking vengeance, or exacting punishment. It implies a response to wrongdoing, often with the aim of justice or retribution. The form "ΤΙΜΩΡΗΣΕΙΕΝ" is a third-person singular aorist optative active, indicating a wish or a potential action, often translated with "may he" or "would he".
Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΔΙΚΕΩ, ΚΟΛΑΖΩ, ΤΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ is a compound word derived from ΤΙΜΗ (honor, price) and ΟΡΕΩ (to care for, to look after). Thus, it originally meant to care for one's honor or to protect one's rights, which evolved into the sense of avenging or punishing to uphold justice or honor.
G0249
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-LAS-tor-ah
Translations: avenger, a tormentor, a curse, a plague, a fiend
Notes: This word refers to an avenger, especially one who exacts vengeance for a crime, or a tormentor. It can also denote a curse or a fiend, often implying a malevolent spirit or a person who brings misfortune. It is used in a derogatory sense to describe someone who is a source of trouble or punishment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΟΣ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΤΗΣ
G5177
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: too-RAN-non
Translations: tyrant, a tyrant
Notes: This word refers to a ruler who holds absolute power, often implying an oppressive or cruel leader. It is used to describe someone who governs without legal right or who abuses their authority. In ancient Greek contexts, a 'tyrant' was not necessarily evil, but simply someone who seized power unconstitutionally, though the term often acquired negative connotations.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ, ΑΥΤΟΚΡΑΤΩΡ
G2036
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PONE
Translations: having said, saying, speaking, after saying
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having said' or 'after saying'. It describes an action that was completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, indicating that someone has spoken. For example, 'Having said this, he left.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΑΣΚΩΝ
G2412
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hee-eh-rop-PRE-pays
Translations: reverent, devout, holy, sacred, becoming, fitting, suitable
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being reverent, devout, or suitable for sacred things. It is a compound word formed from 'hieros' (sacred) and 'prepō' (to be fitting or becoming), thus meaning 'fitting for sacred things' or 'becoming of a holy person'. It can be used to describe actions, attitudes, or individuals that exhibit a proper respect for what is holy.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΠΡΕΠΗΣ is a compound of ἱερός (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', and πρέπω (prepō), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be becoming'. It describes something that is appropriately reverent or suitable for sacred contexts.
G4486
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-er-RAYK-sen
Translations: he broke off, he tore away, he burst forth, he separated
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ῥήγνυμι' (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break, to tear, to burst'. The prefix 'ἀπο-' (apo-) intensifies the meaning or indicates separation, so it means 'to break off', 'to tear away', 'to burst forth from', or 'to separate oneself'. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΧΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PSY-khen
Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self
Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.
G2296
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: thav-ma-SAN-ton
Translations: of those who marveled, of those who wondered, of those who were amazed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to marvel' or 'to wonder'. It describes an action that has already occurred (aorist tense) and functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or pronoun. In this genitive plural form, it typically indicates possession or the subject of a genitive absolute construction, meaning 'of those who marveled' or 'when they marveled'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΚΘΑΜΒΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2593
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-teh-rop-sy-KHEE-an
Translations: endurance, patience, fortitude, steadfastness, an endurance, a patience, a fortitude, a steadfastness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of enduring hardship or suffering with steadfastness and patience. It denotes a strong spirit that can bear up under difficult circumstances without giving in. It is a compound word formed from 'καρτερός' (karteros), meaning 'strong' or 'steadfast', and 'ψυχή' (psychē), meaning 'soul' or 'spirit'.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΟΝΗ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΑ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΨΥΧΙΑ (karteropsychia) is a compound noun derived from the adjective ΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΣ (karteros), meaning 'strong, steadfast, enduring', and the noun ΨΥΧΗ (psychē), meaning 'soul, spirit, life'. It literally means 'strong-souled' or 'strong-spirited'.
G0071
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-gon
Translations: they were leading, they were bringing, they were going, they were driving
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to lead,' 'to bring,' 'to carry,' or 'to drive.' It can also mean 'to go' or 'to come.' In the provided examples, it describes actions of being led or brought, often in a passive sense, or simply going. It is an imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΑΝΑΓΩ
G1392
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dor-oo-PHOR-oy
Translations: bodyguards, spear-bearers, attendants, a bodyguard, a spear-bearer, an attendant
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'δόρυ' (dory), meaning 'spear', and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It refers to someone who carries a spear, typically as a guard or attendant to a person of importance. It is used to describe bodyguards, royal guards, or armed attendants.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΟΙ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΑΙ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek noun δόρυ (dory), meaning 'spear', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It literally means 'spear-bearer'.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G2244
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-lee-KEE-an
Translations: age, stature, time of life, a stature, an age
Notes: This word refers to a person's age, their physical stature or height, or a specific period or stage of life. It can be used to describe someone's maturity or physical development.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΒΙΟΣ, ΚΑΙΡΟΣ
G4387
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pro-TEH-roo
Translations: of former, of earlier, of first, of previous
Notes: This word describes something that is 'former,' 'earlier,' or 'previous' in time or order. It is used to indicate something that came before or existed previously. For example, it might refer to a 'former' time or a 'previous' event.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΥ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΥ
G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ron
Translations: second, a second
Notes: This word means 'second' and is used to indicate the ordinal position after the first. It can refer to the second in a sequence, rank, or quality. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From a comparative form of the numeral 'duo' (two). It refers to the 'second' in a series or order.
G4603
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: see-dee-RAS
Translations: iron, made of iron, an iron
Notes: This word describes something as being made of iron or having the qualities of iron, such as strength or hardness. It can be used to describe objects, materials, or even metaphorical qualities. For example, one might speak of an 'iron rod' or an 'iron will'.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative
G1746
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-ar-mo-SAH-me-noy
Translations: having fitted, having adapted, having adjusted, having joined, having harmonized
Notes: This word describes the action of fitting, adapting, or joining something together, often implying a harmonious or precise connection. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things have completed the action of fitting or adjusting themselves or something else. It suggests a process of bringing things into alignment or agreement.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΜΟΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΡΜΟΖΩ, ΑΡΜΟΖΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, 'in, on') and ἁρμόζω (harmozō, 'to fit, to join'). It literally means 'to fit in' or 'to join in'.
G3691
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OX-eh-sin
Translations: (to) sharp, (to) keen, (to) swift, (to) quick, (to) piercing, (to) pointed, (to) acute
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'sharp,' 'keen,' 'swift,' or 'piercing.' It is used to describe something that has a sharp point or edge, or something that is quick and agile. In the provided context, it describes nails that are 'sharp' or 'pointed.'
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΡΙΜΥΣ, ΑΚΜΩΝ
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NYX-in
Translations: to claws, with claws, by claws, to talons, with talons, by talons, to nails, with nails, by nails
Notes: This word refers to claws, talons, or fingernails/toenails. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the instrument or recipient of an action, such as 'with claws' or 'by means of talons'. It is a common noun found in various contexts, from describing animal anatomy to human nails.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
G3704
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GAH-noys
Translations: (to) instruments, (with) instruments, (to) tools, (with) tools, (to) organs, (with) organs
Notes: This word refers to an instrument, tool, or implement of any kind. It can also refer to a musical instrument or a bodily organ. It is used to describe something by which work is accomplished or an action is performed. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the means or instrument by which something is done.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟΝ, ΣΚΕΥΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'organon' comes from the verb 'ergo' (ἔργω), meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. Thus, an 'organon' is literally 'that by which work is done'.
G2691
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-PEL-tay
Translations: catapult, a catapult, ballista, a ballista
Notes: This word refers to a military engine, such as a catapult or ballista, used for hurling stones or other projectiles. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'πάλλω' (pallō), meaning 'to hurl' or 'to swing'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G4356
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ED-eh-san
Translations: they bound, they tied, they fastened
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'they bound' or 'they tied'. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind'. It describes an action of securing something or someone by tying them.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΑΝ, ΣΥΝΕΔΗΣΑΝ, ΚΑΤΕΔΗΣΑΝ
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: boo-LOY-toh
Translations: would wish, would want, would desire, would intend, would purpose
Notes: This word means to wish, want, or desire something. It implies a deliberate and considered choice or intention, rather than a sudden impulse. It is often used in conditional clauses or to express a potential action, indicating what someone would do if they had the choice or intention.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Optative, Middle Voice, Present Tense
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΘΕΛΩ
G4250
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: PRIN
Translations: before, sooner, until, ere
Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).
G0928
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zeh-sthai
Translations: to torment, to torture, to vex, to distress, to test, to examine
Notes: This word is a verb that describes the act of putting someone or something to the test, often in a severe or painful way. It can refer to physical torture or torment, but also to mental anguish, distress, or severe suffering. It can also mean to examine or scrutinize closely, like testing a metal for purity.
Inflection: Present, Passive or Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word derives from 'βάσανος' (basanos), meaning 'touchstone' or 'test'. Originally, it referred to a stone used to test the purity of gold, and then evolved to mean any test or examination, and eventually, torture as a means of extracting truth or information.
G4441
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: PUN-tha-NOH-me-noy
Translations: inquiring, asking, learning, finding out, hearing, perceiving
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'inquiring', 'asking', 'learning', or 'finding out'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used to describe someone who is actively seeking information or knowledge, or who is in the process of discovering something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'the ones inquiring' or 'those who were learning'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: The word πυνθάνομαι (punthanomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewdʰ-, meaning 'to be awake, to perceive'. It is related to words meaning 'to learn' or 'to inquire'.
G1106
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gno-MAYNE
Translations: opinion, a opinion, judgment, a judgment, purpose, a purpose, counsel, a counsel, decision, a decision, mind, a mind, will, a will
Notes: This word refers to a thought, judgment, or decision. It can denote a personal opinion, a considered judgment, a deliberate purpose, or a formal decision or counsel. It is used to express what someone thinks or intends.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΟΚΙΜΗ
G191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KOO-san
Translations: they heard, they listened, they understood
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or paying attention to something. It can also imply understanding what is heard. In the provided examples, it describes people hearing news or the misfortunes of others.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G5099
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: teh-NON-tohn
Translations: of tendons, tendons
Notes: This word refers to tendons, which are strong cords of fibrous tissue that connect muscles to bones. In its genitive plural form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of tendons' or 'from tendons'. It is commonly used in anatomical or descriptive contexts.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΥΡΑ, ΤΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΝΩΝ (tenōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ten-, meaning 'to stretch'. It refers to something stretched or extended, specifically in the context of the body's connective tissues.
G4603
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: see-DEE-rais
Translations: iron, made of iron, of iron
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'made of iron' or 'iron-like'. It is used to describe objects or qualities that are composed of iron or possess the strength and hardness associated with iron. It can be used to describe things like tools, weapons, or chains.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The word derives from an ancient root meaning 'iron'.
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHER-sin
Translations: (to) hands, (with) hands, (in) hands, hands
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'hand'. It refers to multiple hands and indicates the indirect object of an action, the instrument by which something is done, or the location where something is found. It is often translated as 'to hands', 'with hands', or 'in hands' depending on the specific context of the sentence.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G1961
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eh-pee-SPAH-sah-meh-noy
Translations: having drawn, having pulled, having dragged, having pulled back, having drawn upon
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'σπάω' (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull'. As a whole, it means 'to draw upon', 'to pull back', or 'to drag'. It describes an action of pulling something towards oneself or in a specific direction, often with effort or force. In this form, it functions as a participle, indicating an action that has been completed by the subject.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΎΡΩ, ἙΛΚΎΩ
Etymology: The verb 'ἐπισπάω' is formed from the prefix 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'σπάω' (spaō), meaning 'to draw, pull, or tear'. 'Σπάω' itself is of uncertain origin, possibly from an imitative root.
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.
G1065
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: GEH
Translations: indeed, at least, even, certainly, truly
Notes: This word is an emphatic particle used to add emphasis or certainty to a statement. It can highlight a particular word or phrase, often conveying a sense of 'at least,' 'even,' or 'certainly.' It is frequently used to strengthen an assertion or to draw attention to a specific detail.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΗ, ΚΑΙ, ΜΕΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΕ is of uncertain origin, possibly an ancient demonstrative particle.
G1086
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-NEH-ee-ohn
Translations: of beards
Notes: This word refers to a beard, the hair growing on a man's chin and cheeks. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, so it would typically be translated as 'of beards'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'γένειον' (geneion) is derived from 'γένυς' (genys), meaning 'jaw' or 'chin'. It refers to the hair growing on the chin and cheeks.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAR-kah
Translations: flesh, a flesh, body, a body, humanity
Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a living being, including humans and animals. It can also denote human nature, often with an emphasis on its weakness or mortality, or humanity in general. In some contexts, it can refer to the whole person or to earthly existence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LEES
Translations: of head, of a head, of a leader, of a source
Notes: This word refers to the physical head of a body. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a leader, chief, or source of something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the head' or 'belonging to the head'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: do-RAN
Translations: skin, a skin, hide, a hide
Notes: This word refers to the skin of an animal or a human, or an animal's hide. It is often used in contexts describing the flaying or removal of skin. It can also refer to a leather object made from skin.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΡΜΑ, ΣΚΥΤΟΣ
G3917
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-DAH-lee-oy
Translations: leopards, a leopard
Notes: This word refers to leopards, a type of large, carnivorous cat known for its spotted coat. It is used to describe multiple leopards in a general sense.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G2342
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-res
Translations: wild beasts, beasts, animals
Notes: This word refers to wild animals or beasts. It is often used in a general sense to denote any non-domesticated animal, particularly those that might be dangerous or untamed. In a sentence, it would function as a plural noun, for example, 'The wild beasts roamed the forest.'
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΩΑ, ΚΤΗΝΗ
G0630
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-SY-ran
Translations: they dragged off, they pulled off, they stripped off, they tore off
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to drag off', 'to pull off', or 'to strip off'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'off', and the verb σύρω (syro), meaning 'to drag' or 'to pull'. It describes the action of forcibly removing something from something else, often with violence or effort. It is used here in the past tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past by a group of people.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΡΩ, ΕΚΣΥΡΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G0926
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: bah-REH-ohs
Translations: heavily, grievously, with difficulty, severely, painfully
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'heavy'. It describes an action or state that is done with great weight, difficulty, or severity. It can imply a burden, a painful experience, or a serious manner.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of ΒΑΡΥΣ)
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΣ, ΧΑΛΕΠΩΣ
G0009
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: al-GAY-doh-nah
Translations: pain, suffering, a pain, a suffering
Notes: This word refers to physical or emotional pain, suffering, or distress. It is often used to describe intense discomfort or anguish. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating something that is experienced or endured.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΛΥΠΗ
Etymology: The word 'algēdōn' comes from the Greek verb 'algéō' (ἀλγέω), meaning 'to suffer pain' or 'to feel pain'. It is related to 'álgos' (ἄλγος), which also means 'pain' or 'grief'.
G2910
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kar-teh-RON
Translations: enduring, persevering, being steadfast, being patient, holding out
Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action of enduring, persevering, or being steadfast. It describes someone who continues in a state or action despite difficulties, showing patience and resilience. It can be used to describe someone who holds out or remains firm in their commitment or belief.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΩΝ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-leh-gen
Translations: he was saying, he said, he spoke, he was speaking
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. Therefore, 'ἐλεγεν' indicates that 'he was saying' or 'he used to say' something, rather than a single completed action.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕἸΠΩ
G2237
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HAY-doos
Translations: sweet, pleasant, delightful, a sweet thing, a pleasant thing, a delightful thing
Notes: This word describes something that is sweet, pleasant, or delightful to the senses or to the mind. It can refer to taste, smell, sound, or a general feeling of agreeableness. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a desirable quality.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΛΥΚΥΣ, ΤΕΡΠΝΟΣ, ΧΑΡΙΕΙΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sweh₂d- (sweet, pleasant). It is cognate with English 'sweet' and Latin 'suavis'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAS
Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole
Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.
G3961
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-tree-on
Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, customary
Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations. It can be used to describe anything that is characteristic of one's heritage or lineage.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the suffix -ιον, indicating belonging or relation.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-fay
Translations: he said, she said, it said, he spoke, she spoke, it spoke
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone said or spoke in the past, often translated as 'he said' or 'she said'. It can be used in various contexts to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΕΝ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KAYS
Translations: you seem, you think, you appear, you are thought, you are reputed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seem', 'to think', or 'to appear'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seems good' or 'it is thought'. It can also be used with an infinitive to express what someone seems or appears to be doing or thinking.
Inflection: Second person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
G5595
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-MOH-tah-teh
Translations: most cruel, most savage, most brutal, O most cruel one, O most savage one, O most brutal one
Notes: This word is the vocative singular masculine form of the superlative adjective 'ὠμότατος' (ōmotatos), meaning 'most cruel' or 'most savage'. It is derived from the adjective 'ὠμός' (ōmos), which means 'raw', 'unripe', 'harsh', or 'cruel'. In its superlative form, it emphasizes an extreme degree of cruelty or brutality, often used as a direct address to someone exhibiting such characteristics.
Inflection: Superlative, Vocative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΙΩΤΑΤΕ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΑΤΕ
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLEH-ee-on
Translations: more, greater, longer, a longer time, the majority, the greater part, a greater thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πλείων' (pleiōn), meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, degree, or duration of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a neuter noun, or as an adverb meaning 'more' or 'longer'. When used with a definite article, it can mean 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G3708
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: oh-RON
Translations: seeing, the one seeing, he who sees, a seer
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of seeing or observing. It can be translated as 'seeing' when modifying a noun, or as 'the one who sees' or 'he who sees' when used substantively.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ
G3528
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: nee-KOH-meh-non
Translations: being conquered, being overcome, being defeated, being vanquished
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being conquered' or 'being overcome'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of being defeated or is being subjected to defeat. It is used to describe the state or action of being overcome by an external force or adversary.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΗΤΤΑΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ
G5177
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: too-ran-NEE-dos
Translations: of tyranny, of absolute power, of despotism, of a tyranny, of an absolute power, of a despotism
Notes: This word refers to the state or condition of being a tyrant, or the rule of a tyrant. It can also denote the office or domain of a tyrant, or a tyrannical government. It is used to describe oppressive or absolute power.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΙΑ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΙΑ
G5244
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoo-per-AY-fah-non
Translations: proud, arrogant, haughty, a proud one, an arrogant one
Notes: This word describes someone who is excessively proud, arrogant, or haughty. It implies a sense of superiority and disdain for others. It is often used in a negative sense to describe a person's character or attitude. In the provided context, it is used in the neuter singular accusative form, modifying a noun like 'λογισμον' (reasoning) to describe an arrogant way of thinking.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΩΝ, ΚΟΜΠΑΣΤΗΣ, ΥΒΡΙΣΤΗΣ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G0703
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Ah-reh-TEN
Translations: virtue, excellence, moral excellence, goodness, a virtue, an excellence
Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, goodness, or virtue. It can also denote any kind of excellence, quality, or inherent power. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the quality or virtue being acted upon or referred to.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ
G2237
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-do-NAIS
Translations: to pleasures, by pleasures, with pleasures, pleasures, a pleasure, delight, to delights, by delights, with delights, delights
Notes: This word refers to pleasure, delight, or enjoyment. It is often used in a general sense to describe a feeling of satisfaction or gratification. In the provided form, it is in the dative plural, indicating that the pleasure is the indirect object of an action, or the means by which something is done (e.g., 'by means of pleasures' or 'to pleasures').
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΧΑΡΑ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἡδονή' (hēdonē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sweh₂d- meaning 'sweet, pleasant'. It is related to the English word 'sweet'.
G4192
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-non
Translations: toil, labor, pain, suffering, distress, a toil, a labor, a pain, a suffering, a distress
Notes: This word refers to physical or mental exertion, hard work, or the resulting pain, suffering, or distress. It can describe the effort put into a task or the discomfort experienced from it. It is often used in contexts describing hardship or affliction.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ
Etymology: From the root *pen-, meaning 'to toil, labor'.
G1940
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-koo-FEE-zoh-my
Translations: to lighten, to relieve, to alleviate, to ease, to help
Notes: This word means to lighten a burden, to relieve someone of a difficulty, or to alleviate pain or distress. It is often used in the middle voice, as in the provided word, to mean 'to be lightened' or 'to be relieved'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'κουφίζω' (kouphizo), meaning 'to lighten' or 'to make light'.
Inflection: Present, Middle Voice, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΟΥΦΙΖΩ, ΑΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἐπικουφίζω (epikouphizo) is derived from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb κουφίζω (kouphizo), meaning 'to lighten' or 'to make light'. The root κουφίζω comes from the adjective κοῦφος (kouphos), meaning 'light' (in weight).
G0763
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-seh-BEH-ee-ahs
Translations: of ungodliness, of impiety, of irreverence, of wickedness
Notes: This word refers to a state of ungodliness, impiety, or irreverence towards God. It describes a lack of proper respect or devotion to divine matters, often implying a disregard for religious duties or moral principles. It is used to describe actions or attitudes that are contrary to what is considered righteous or holy.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΙΑ, ἈΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ
G0547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pei-LAIS
Translations: (to) threats, (with) threats, (by) threats
Notes: This word refers to threats, menaces, or denunciations. It is typically used to describe a declaration of intent to inflict harm or punishment upon someone. In a sentence, it would indicate the means or instrument by which something is done, often in a hostile or warning context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ
G0928
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zee
Translations: you are tormented, you are tortured, you are distressed, you are vexed, you are examined
Notes: This word describes the act of being tormented, tortured, or distressed. It can also refer to being examined or tested, often in a severe or painful way. It is used to convey suffering, anguish, or the process of being put to the test.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΩ
G1628
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-FEF-xay
Translations: you will escape, you will flee away, you will get away
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to escape' or 'to flee away'. It is often used to describe successfully avoiding danger, punishment, or a difficult situation. It implies a successful evasion or deliverance from something undesirable.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Middle Voice, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ, ΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ
G3709
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GAYS
Translations: (of) wrath, (of) anger, (of) indignation
Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in the New Testament to denote God's righteous anger or wrath against sin, which can lead to judgment or punishment. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ὀργάω (orgao), meaning 'to swell, to be full of sap,' suggesting a swelling or rising of emotion.
G1349
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEE-kas
Translations: judgments, cases, rights, a judgment, a case, a right
Notes: This word is the accusative plural form of the noun 'δίκη' (dikē). It refers to judgments, legal cases, or rights. It is used to denote the decisions made in a court of law, the legal proceedings themselves, or the inherent rights and justice of a situation. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑΤΑ, ΚΡΙΣΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'δίκη' (dikē) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'way, manner, custom'. In ancient Greek, it evolved to signify justice, right, and judgment, often personified as a goddess.
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