2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-KHEH-en

Translations: poured on, poured over, poured out

Notes: This word means to pour something onto or over something else. It is used to describe the action of liquid being applied to a surface or object. For example, one might pour oil on someone's head or pour water over a wound.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΧΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΧΕΩ (cheō), meaning 'to pour'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH-ee

Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.

G5548

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-KHRI-ken

Translations: anointed, has anointed, has rubbed, has smeared

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to anoint,' 'to rub,' or 'to smear.' It is used to describe the act of applying oil or ointment, often in a ceremonial or religious context, such as anointing someone for a special purpose or office. It can also refer to simply rubbing something with a substance.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΛΕΙΦΩ, ΕΠΙΧΡΙΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΙΩ (chrio) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to rub' or 'to touch lightly.'

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-xeis

Translations: you will rule, you will reign, you will begin, you will lead

Notes: This word is the second person singular future active indicative form of the verb "ἄρχω" (archō). It means "you will rule," "you will reign," "you will begin," or "you will lead." It describes an action that the subject will perform in the future, indicating either the exercise of authority or the initiation of an action.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΕΙΣ, ΗΓΗΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ergʰ- meaning 'to begin, to rule'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ross

Translations: of hand, of a hand, of the hand, of power, of authority, of control

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In Koine Greek, 'hand' can refer not only to the physical limb but also metaphorically to power, authority, control, or agency. When used in the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the agent by which something is done, thus translating to 'of hand' or 'by the hand of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'χείρ' (cheir) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr-, meaning 'hand'. It is related to words for hand in other Indo-European languages.

G2945

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: KOO-kloh-then

Translations: around, round about, on every side, all around

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'around' or 'on every side'. It is used to describe something that encompasses or surrounds a central point or object, indicating a circular or encompassing direction or position. It can be used to describe people gathering around something, or a geographical area surrounding a place.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΩ, ΠΕΡΙΞ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'κύκλος' (kyklos), meaning 'circle' or 'ring', combined with the suffix '-θεν' (-then), which indicates origin or direction from a place.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4592

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: say-MAY-on

Translations: sign, a sign, mark, a mark, miracle, a miracle, wonder, a wonder

Notes: This word refers to a sign, a mark, or an indication of something. It can also denote a miracle or a wonder, especially one that serves as a divine sign or attestation. It is used to point to something, to distinguish it, or to signify a future event. In a sentence, it might be used like 'the sign of the times' or 'he performed a great sign'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΡΑΣ, ΕΝΔΕΙΞΙΣ, ΣΥΜΒΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb σημαίνω (sēmainō), meaning 'to show, signify, or indicate'. It is related to σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'a mark, sign, or token'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2817

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: klay-roh-noh-MEE-ahn

Translations: inheritance, an inheritance, heritage, a heritage, possession, a possession

Notes: This word refers to an inheritance, a heritage, or a possession. It denotes something received by lot or as a legacy, often property or a spiritual blessing. It is used in sentences to describe what is passed down or acquired.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ (klēronomia) comes from the combination of κλῆρος (klēros), meaning 'lot' or 'portion', and νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to assign'. It refers to that which is distributed by lot or assigned as a portion.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EL-thays

Translations: go away, depart, leave, go

Notes: This word means to go away, depart, or leave. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to go from' or 'to come away from'. It is used to describe the act of moving from one place to another, specifically moving away from a starting point or person.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-REE-sace

Translations: you will find, you will discover, you will obtain

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to find', 'to discover', or 'to obtain'. It is used to indicate the future action of locating or coming across something or someone. For example, 'you will find the book' or 'you will discover the truth'.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΥΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to find' or 'to obtain'. It is related to words signifying 'to get' or 'to acquire'.

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-REEN-tai

Translations: they have been found, they are found

Notes: This word is the third person plural, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'εὑρίσκω' (heuriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present. Therefore, it translates to 'they have been found' or 'they are found'. It is used to state that a group of things or people have been located or discovered.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-te-tee-NAK-tai

Translations: it has been shaken off, it was shaken off

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from ἀπό (apo, "from, off") and τινάσσω (tinassō, "to shake"). It means "to shake off" or "to cast off." In this perfect passive form, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, meaning something "has been shaken off" or "was shaken off."

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Etymology: The verb ἀποτινάσσω (apotinassō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning "from" or "off," and the verb τινάσσω (tinassō), meaning "to shake." The combination signifies the action of shaking something off or away.

G4487

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RHE-ma

Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance

Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1900

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EH-kee-nah

Translations: beyond, further, on the other side, from that time forward

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'further'. It can indicate a spatial distance, meaning 'on the other side of' something, or a temporal extent, meaning 'from that time forward' or 'hereafter'. It is often used to denote a point or limit that is surpassed.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΝ, ΕΞΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and ἘΚΕΙΝΑ (ekeina), the neuter plural of ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos), meaning 'that' or 'those'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-BAH-ee-non-tas

Translations: going up, ascending, coming up, climbing, rising, embarking, growing up, appearing, entering, going to, coming to

Notes: This word describes the action of moving upwards, whether literally ascending a physical space, or metaphorically rising in status or appearing. It can also refer to embarking on a ship or coming into existence. It is often used to describe movement towards a higher place or a specific destination.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Participle

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G0142

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ahee-RON-tah

Translations: lifting, taking up, carrying, bearing, removing, taking away, the one lifting, the one taking up

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'αἴρω', meaning 'to lift, take up, carry, or remove'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a noun. In this form, it refers to 'the one who is lifting' or 'the one who is taking away', often used to describe someone actively engaged in the action of lifting or carrying something. It can also imply removing or taking something away.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΟΝΤΑ, ἈΝΑἸΡΟΝΤΑ

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-GI-di-a

Translations: small goatskins, small shields, small aegises, a small goatskin, a small shield, a small aegis

Notes: This word refers to small goatskins, or by extension, small shields or protective coverings made from goatskin. It is the diminutive form of the word 'aegis' (ΑἸΓΙΣ), which was a mythological shield or breastplate associated with Zeus and Athena, often depicted as being covered with goatskin. In general usage, it refers to a protective covering or a shield.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ang-GAY-ah

Translations: vessels, containers, jars, pots

Notes: This word refers to various types of vessels or containers, such as jars, pots, or other receptacles. It is used to describe objects that hold liquids, food, or other items. For example, it could refer to wine jars or water pots.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΕΥΗ, ΔΟΧΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἀγγεῖον (angeion) is derived from ἀγγος (angos), meaning 'vessel' or 'container'. It refers to something that holds or contains.

G3631

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-noo

Translations: of wine, wine

Notes: This word refers to wine, the fermented juice of grapes. It is commonly used in ancient Greek texts to denote the beverage itself, often in contexts of consumption, production, or as a symbol. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, such as 'of wine' or 'from wine'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΜΠΕΛΩΝ, ΓΛΕΥΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟἸΝΟΣ (oinos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *woyh₁no-, referring to 'wine' or 'vine'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its ancient origin and widespread use.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1006

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-non

Translations: hill, a hill, mountain, a mountain

Notes: This word refers to a hill or a mountain. It is used to describe an elevated piece of land, often smaller than a full-fledged mountain but can also refer to a mountain itself, especially in a general sense. It can be used in sentences like 'He went up the hill' or 'They built an altar on the mountain.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΡΟΣ, ΛΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin, possibly related to a word for 'mound' or 'heap'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G0394

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NAH-steh-mah

Translations: curse, a curse, an accursed thing, an anathema, a devoted thing

Notes: This word refers to something devoted to destruction, often a curse or an accursed thing. It can also refer to something set apart for God, whether for good or ill, but in the Septuagint and New Testament, it primarily denotes something dedicated to destruction or under a divine curse. It is a noun that typically functions as the object of a verb or the subject of a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΘΕΜΑ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΣΤΕΜΑ (anathema) comes from the Greek verb ἀνατίθημι (anatithēmi), meaning 'to set up' or 'to dedicate'. Over time, its meaning evolved to refer to something dedicated to destruction or a curse, especially in a religious context.

G246

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: al-LO-foo-LOHN

Translations: of foreigners, of aliens, of other tribes, of other nations, of strange people

Notes: This word is a compound adjective or noun, meaning 'of another tribe or nation'. It refers to people who are not of the same race, tribe, or nationality as the speaker, often implying a sense of being foreign or alien. It is used to describe things belonging to or associated with such people.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΩΝ, ΞΕΝΩΝ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: NAH-seeb

Translations: Naseib

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name, possibly of Semitic origin. It is not a common Greek word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons. Its meaning is not clear from a Greek perspective, suggesting it might be a transliteration from another language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive

Etymology: The etymology of this word is uncertain within a Greek context. It is likely a transliteration of a name from a Semitic language, such as Hebrew or Aramaic, into Greek.

G0246

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: AL-lo-foo-loss

Translations: foreign, a foreigner, alien, a Philistine, another race

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'allos' (other) and 'phylon' (tribe or race). It refers to someone of another tribe, race, or nation, hence a foreigner or alien. In some contexts, particularly in the Septuagint, it specifically refers to a Philistine. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as foreign, or as a noun to refer to a foreigner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos, “other”) and φυλή (phylē, “tribe, race”). It describes someone belonging to a different tribe or nation.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-fay-TON

Translations: of prophets

Notes: This word refers to those who speak for God or interpret His will, often foretelling future events. It is a compound word, combining 'pro' (before, forth) and 'phemi' (to speak). It is used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or act as spokespersons for God.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' (prophetes) comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks before' (either in time or on behalf of someone).

G2597

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-ee-non-tone

Translations: descending, going down, coming down, those descending, those going down, those coming down

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'descending' or 'going down'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can refer to people or things that are in the process of moving downwards, often from a higher place to a lower one. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, or can be used substantively to refer to 'those who are descending'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Genitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΩΝ

G0934

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BAH-mah

Translations: high place, a high place, elevated place, a sacred high place

Notes: This word refers to a high place or an elevated spot. In ancient contexts, particularly in the Old Testament, it often denotes a 'high place' used for worship, sometimes for idolatrous practices, but also for legitimate worship before the construction of the Temple. It can also simply mean a natural elevation or a platform.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΨΗΛΟΣ, ΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΜΑ (bama) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word בָּמָה (bamah), meaning 'high place' or 'ridge'. It was transliterated directly into Greek.

G1715

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.

H5037

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: NAH-bahl

Translations: Nabal

Notes: This is a proper noun, a transliteration of the Hebrew name Nabal. It refers to a specific individual. In the Old Testament, Nabal is known as a wealthy but ill-tempered man from Maon, whose story is recounted in 1 Samuel 25.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a proper noun, it retains its form, though it can be part of a larger name that inflects, like Sanballat or Anaballat in the provided context, which are related but distinct names).

Etymology: The name Nabal is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'fool' or 'senseless'. It is used in the Old Testament to describe a specific character.

G2788

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KI-noo-rah

Translations: lyre, harp, a lyre, a harp

Notes: This word refers to a lyre or a harp, a stringed musical instrument. It was commonly used in ancient times for worship, praise, and entertainment. In sentences, it would typically be used to describe the instrument itself or its use in musical performances.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΑΛΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΝΑΒΛΑ

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew word 'kinnor' (כִּנּוֹר), which also refers to a lyre or harp. It was adopted into Greek to describe this musical instrument.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G0435

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-dra

Translations: man, a man, husband, a husband

Notes: This word refers to a male human being, often specifically an adult male, or a husband. It is the accusative singular form of the noun 'ἈΝΗΡ' (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'husband'. It is used when the man or husband is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΝΗΡ' (anēr) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to a male human being.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-BEE-see

Translations: you will go down, you will come down, you will descend

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It is used to describe the act of moving from a higher place to a lower one. It can refer to physical descent, like going down a mountain, or metaphorical descent, such as coming down from a position of authority.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΣΧΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G1052

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAL-ah-ahd

Translations: Gilead

Notes: Gilead is a geographical region in ancient Palestine, located east of the Jordan River. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament as a mountainous and fertile area, known for its balm and pastures. It was inhabited by various tribes of Israel.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name Gilead is of Hebrew origin, from the word גִּלְעָד (Gil'ad), meaning 'heap of witness' or 'mound of testimony'. It is associated with the heap of stones set up by Jacob and Laban as a covenant witness.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-ee-noh

Translations: go down, come down, descend, step down

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'κατά' (down, against) and the verb 'βαίνω' (to go, walk). It means to go down, come down, or descend. It is often used to describe movement from a higher place to a lower one, or from the sea to the land, or from a city to a lower region. It can also be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΣΧΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to walk'.

G3646

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ho-lo-KOW-toh-sin

Translations: burnt offering, a burnt offering, whole burnt offering, a whole burnt offering

Notes: This word refers to a sacrifice that is completely consumed by fire on an altar, often as an act of worship or atonement. It is a compound word, combining 'holos' (whole) and 'kaustos' (burnt), emphasizing the complete consumption of the offering.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΑΥΤΩΜΑ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὁλόκαυστος (holókaustos, “burnt whole”), from ὅλος (hólos, “whole”) + καυστός (kaustós, “burnt”).

G1516

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-ray-nee-KAS

Translations: peaceful, peaceable, peace offering, peace offerings

Notes: This word describes something that is peaceful, peaceable, or conducive to peace. In a religious context, particularly when referring to sacrifices, it can mean 'peace offering'. It is an adjective that modifies a noun, indicating a quality of peace or reconciliation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕἸΡΗΝΟΠΟΙΟΣ, ΕἸΡΗΝΕΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΡΗΝΙΚΟΣ (eirēnikos) is derived from the Greek word ΕἸΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē), meaning 'peace'. It describes something pertaining to or characterized by peace.

G1291

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-LEIP-seis

Translations: intermission, interval, cessation, pause, absence

Notes: This word refers to a break, pause, or interval in time or activity. It signifies a temporary cessation or an absence from a particular state or place. It can be used to describe a period of rest or a gap between events.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΠΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΛΕΙΨΙΣ (dialeipsis) comes from the verb διαλείπω (dialeipō), meaning 'to leave a space between, to intermit, to cease'. It is formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through, apart', and λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave, to fail'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay

Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-traf-NAI

Translations: to turn back, to return, to turn around, to convert, to be converted

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'epistrephō'. It means to turn back, return, or convert. It is often used in a literal sense of physical turning or returning, but also frequently in a spiritual sense of turning back to God or converting from one way of life to another. As an infinitive, it functions like a 'to + verb' construction in English, indicating purpose or result.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

G3344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-teh-STREP-sen

Translations: turned, changed, transformed, perverted, overturned

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to turn around, to change, or to transform'. It can also mean 'to pervert' or 'to overturn' in a negative sense. It describes an action where something is altered from its original state or direction. For example, it can be used to describe turning something into something else, or changing one's mind.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with, among, after, change', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G5525

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ros

Translations: dance, a dance, chorus, a chorus, company, a company, band, a band

Notes: This word refers to a dance or a company of dancers, often associated with a festive or religious gathering. It can also denote a band or company of people, especially those acting in unison or performing together, like a chorus in a play or a group of prophets. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΜΙΛΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΔΙΑ, ΘΙΑΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΧΟΡΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to jump' or 'to dance'. It refers to a circular dance, and by extension, the group of dancers or singers performing it.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-nan-TEE-as

Translations: (of) opposite, (of) contrary, (of) hostile, (of) adverse

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the adjective 'ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ', meaning 'opposite' or 'contrary'. It is often used in the adverbial phrase 'ἐξ ἐναντίας' (ex enantias), which means 'from the opposite side', 'opposite', 'in opposition', or 'face to face'. It describes something that is in opposition or contrary to something else.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ

G1643

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-lah-toh

Translations: leaped, sprang, rushed, drove, cast out, pushed

Notes: ΗΛΑΤΟ is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb ἐλαύνω (elaunō). This verb generally means 'to drive, to cast out, to push, to row, or to set in motion.' In the aorist middle/passive, it often conveys the sense of 'to leap, to spring, or to rush forth,' indicating a sudden or forceful movement by or for the subject, or an action done to the subject. It can describe a person or thing moving quickly and forcefully, or being driven in such a manner.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΡΜΑΩ, ΠΗΔΑΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-DOH-tes

Translations: knowing, having known, being aware, understanding

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in a state of knowing or having known something. It can be used to indicate the reason for an action or the state of a subject.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'oida' (from which 'eidotes' is derived) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to signify knowledge gained through observation or experience.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G4139

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-see-on

Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-GO-nos

Translations: that which has happened, that which has come into being, a thing that has occurred, an event, a fact, a deed

Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ is the perfect active participle, neuter singular, nominative or accusative case, of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing something that has already come into existence or occurred. It can refer to an event, a fact, or a deed that has taken place.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΓΜΑ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3850

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-bo-LEN

Translations: a parable, parable, a proverb, proverb, an allegory, allegory, a figure, figure, a comparison, comparison

Notes: This word refers to a parable, proverb, or a figure of speech used for comparison or illustration. It is a narrative or saying that conveys a deeper spiritual or moral lesson. It is often used in the New Testament to describe the teaching method of Jesus, where he would use earthly stories to explain heavenly truths. It can also refer to a riddle or a dark saying.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΑ, ΑΙΝΙΓΜΑ

G4931

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-TEH-leh-sen

Translations: completed, finished, accomplished, brought to an end

Notes: This word means to bring something to an end, to complete, or to accomplish it. It implies the finalization of an action or process, indicating that a task or event has been fully carried out or concluded. It is often used to describe the completion of a prophecy, a period of time, or a specific work.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleō), meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete'. Thus, it signifies bringing something to a complete end or conclusion.

G3624

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: oy-KAY-oss

Translations: one's own, a member of a household, a relative, a kinsman, a domestic, a servant, a household member, belonging to a household, familiar, intimate

Notes: This word refers to someone or something belonging to a household or family, indicating a close relationship or familiarity. It can describe a family member, a domestic servant, or simply something that is 'one's own' or 'belonging to' a person or group. It is often used to denote a close, intimate connection, similar to 'kinsman' or 'household member'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΙΚΙΑΚΟΣ

Etymology: From G3624 οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The word literally means 'of the house' or 'belonging to the house'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DAH-men

Translations: we saw, we have seen

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'we saw' or 'we have seen'. It is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to see'. The aorist tense in Koine Greek often describes an action as a complete event in the past, without emphasizing its duration or repetition. It can be used in sentences like 'We saw the light' or 'We have seen many wonders'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ὉΡΆΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕἼΔΩ (eídō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyd-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'wit' and 'idea'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-AYL-thoh-men

Translations: we entered, we came in

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'we entered' or 'we came in'. It describes the action of moving into a place or situation. It is typically used with a preposition like 'into' (εἰς) or 'to' (πρός) followed by the place or situation being entered.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΕΒΗΜΕΝ, ἘΝΕΒΗΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἘΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G3615

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-on

Translations: one's own, proper, fitting, suitable, domestic, familiar, a proper thing, one's own thing

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as belonging to one's household, family, or self. It can also mean something that is proper, fitting, or suitable for a particular situation or person. It is often used to indicate a close relationship or inherent quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΙΔΙΟΣ, ΕΜΟΣ, ΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ (from which ΟἸΚΕΙΟΝ is derived) comes from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. It refers to that which pertains to or belongs to a house or family.

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PANG-gei-len

Translations: he announced, he reported, he told, he declared, he brought word

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō). It means 'he announced,' 'he reported,' or 'he told.' It is used to describe the action of someone conveying a message or information to others, often with the sense of bringing news from one place to another. It is a compound word, combining the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from') with the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce' or 'to report').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΕΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report.' Thus, the word literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report from,' emphasizing the source or origin of the message.

G0518

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEL-lohn

Translations: reporting, announcing, telling, declaring, bringing word, one who reports, he who reports

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'reporting' or 'announcing'. It describes someone who is in the act of bringing a message or news. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to tell'. Thus, it literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report back'. It is used to describe the action of delivering a message or news, often with a sense of returning with information.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to tell'. The root ἀγγέλλω is related to ἄγγελος (angelos), meaning 'messenger'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ang-GEL-len

Translations: he commanded, he ordered, he instructed, he charged, he gave orders

Notes: This word describes the act of giving a command, order, or instruction. It implies a directive from a position of authority or a clear communication of what is to be done. It is often used in contexts where someone is charged with a specific task or responsibility.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of announcing something from beside someone, or giving a message directly.

G3131

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mas-SEE-fah

Translations: Mizpah, Mizpeh

Notes: Mizpah (or Mizpeh) is a proper noun referring to several places in ancient Israel. It is a significant location mentioned in the Old Testament, often associated with gatherings, prayer, and important events. The name itself means 'watchtower' or 'lookout point', suggesting its elevated position. It is used in sentences to denote a specific geographical location, for example, 'they gathered at Mizpah'.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The name 'Mizpah' (Μασσηφά) is of Hebrew origin (מִצְפָּה, Mitzpah), meaning 'watchtower' or 'lookout'. It refers to several places in ancient Israel mentioned in the Old Testament.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-AY-ga-gon

Translations: I led up, I brought up, I took up, I brought back, I restored

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'back') and ἄγω (agō, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It signifies the action of leading, bringing, or taking someone or something upwards, or bringing them back to a place. It can be used in contexts like bringing someone up from a lower place, bringing a ship to shore, or restoring someone to a previous state.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΒΗΝ, ΑΝΕΦΕΡΟΝ, ΑΝΗΛΘΟΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ai-LA-men

Translations: I delivered, I rescued, I took out, I set free

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'). In its inflected form, it means 'I delivered' or 'I rescued'. It describes the act of taking someone or something out of a dangerous or difficult situation, often implying a forceful or decisive action to save or free them. It is used to express divine deliverance or human intervention to save another.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΛΥΤΡΟΩ

G5328

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-rah-OH

Translations: Pharaoh

Notes: This word refers to the title of the ancient Egyptian kings. It is used to denote the ruler of Egypt, particularly in the context of the Old Testament and New Testament narratives, such as the Exodus story. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of its grammatical function in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The word Φαραώ (Pharaō) is a transliteration of the Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (parʿōh), which itself comes from the Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ, meaning 'great house' or 'palace'. This term eventually became a title for the king.

G2346

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: thlee-BOO-sone

Translations: (of) those who afflict, (of) those who oppress, (of) those who trouble

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'thlibō', meaning 'to press', 'to afflict', or 'to trouble'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is currently performing the action of afflicting or troubling. In this form, it refers to 'those who are afflicting' or 'those who are troubling'.

Inflection: Participle, Present Active, Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΟΥΣΩΝ, ΠΙΕΖΟΥΣΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'thlibō' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to press' or 'to squeeze'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of pressure or constriction.

G1848

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-oo-the-NEH-kah-teh

Translations: you have despised, you have rejected, you have set at naught, you have made of no account

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to despise, reject, or treat with contempt. It implies a strong feeling of disdain or a complete disregard for something or someone, rendering them as worthless. It is formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'οὐθενέω' (outheneo), which itself comes from 'οὐδείς' (oudeis), meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. Thus, it literally means 'to make as nothing' or 'to treat as nothing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΈΩ, ἈΘΕΤΈΩ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-KOHN

Translations: (of) bad things, (of) evils, (of) calamities, (of) troubles

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ', meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. When used substantively, as it often is in the genitive plural, it refers to 'evils', 'calamities', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are harmful, morally corrupt, or cause distress. It can be used to describe the source or nature of something negative.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It is related to words signifying 'to hurt' or 'to wound'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PAH-teh

Translations: you said, you spoke, say, speak

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to convey a command or a statement directed at a group of people. It can be translated as 'you said' (referring to a past action by a group) or 'say!' / 'speak!' (as a command to a group).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural (you said) OR Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural (say! / speak!)

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΠΩ is a primary verb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is a very old verb with a complex history, often considered to be of uncertain or pre-Greek origin, though it has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: STAY-sace

Translations: you will stand, you will set, you will establish, you will appoint, he will stand, he will set, he will establish, he will appoint, you may stand, you may set, you may establish, you may appoint

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'histēmi', meaning 'to stand', 'to set up', 'to establish', or 'to appoint'. It can be used to describe someone causing something to stand, or someone taking a stand themselves. It is a future tense form, indicating an action that will happen.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 2nd Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular; or Future Active Subjunctive, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-teh

Translations: stand, stand still, appoint, establish, set, place

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to stand still,' 'to take a stand,' 'to set,' 'to appoint,' or 'to establish.' It is often used in an imperative sense, commanding someone to stand or to be set in a particular position or role. In the provided examples, it is used to command people to 'stand' or 'stand still' in order to witness or hear something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.'

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4626

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKEP-trah

Translations: scepters, a scepter, staff, rod

Notes: This word refers to a staff or rod, especially one carried by a ruler as a symbol of authority or sovereignty. It can also refer to a royal scepter, signifying kingly power or dominion. In a broader sense, it can mean a staff used for support or as a weapon.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΡΑΒΔΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word "ΣΚΗΠΤΡΟΝ" comes from the Greek verb "σκήπτω" (skepto), meaning "to lean on" or "to prop oneself up." It originally referred to a support or staff, and later evolved to mean a staff of authority.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: brought to, led to, presented, offered, brought near, led near

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). In its aorist active indicative third person singular form, it means 'he/she/it brought to' or 'he/she/it led to'. It describes the action of bringing someone or something into the presence of another, or moving something closer to a specific point.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2624

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-klay-ROO-tai

Translations: is allotted, is assigned by lot, is distributed by lot, is given by lot

Notes: This verb means to allot, assign, or distribute something by lot. It implies a process where a share or portion is determined by chance or divine will, often through the casting of lots. It is used to describe how possessions, inheritances, or even responsibilities are apportioned among individuals or groups.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΩ, ΛΑΓΧΑΝΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and κληρόω (klēroō), meaning 'to cast lots' or 'to obtain by lot'. The word literally means 'to allot by lot' or 'to assign by casting lots'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AH-geh

Translations: he brings to, he leads to, he offers, he presents, he applies, he adds

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Therefore, it generally means 'to bring to', 'to lead to', or 'to offer'. It can be used in various contexts, such as bringing someone or something to a person or place, offering sacrifices, or applying something to a surface.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G5443

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LEE

Translations: tribe, a tribe, race, a race, nation, a nation, people, a people

Notes: This word refers to a tribe, a race, or a nation, often denoting a group of people descended from a common ancestor or sharing a common origin. It is frequently used in the context of the twelve tribes of Israel in the Bible. It can also refer more broadly to a people or a nation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to grow, produce'. It refers to a group of people descended from a common ancestor, hence a tribe or race.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mat-TAH-ray

Translations: Mattarei, Mattari

Notes: This word refers to a specific tribe or clan, likely a variant spelling or a specific rendering of a known tribal name in ancient texts. It is used in contexts describing the division or allocation of tribes, as seen in the example usage where a tribe named Mattarei is mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The etymology of 'Mattarei' is uncertain, as it appears to be a specific proper noun, possibly a variant or transliteration of a name found in historical or biblical texts. It does not have a clear Greek root.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AH-goo-sin

Translations: they bring to, they lead to, they present, they offer, they approach

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bring to,' 'to lead to,' 'to present,' or 'to offer.' It is often used to describe the act of bringing someone or something into the presence of another, or presenting an offering. It can also mean to approach or draw near.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and ἄγω (agō, 'to lead, to bring').

G5443

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LEEN

Translations: tribe, a tribe, race, a race, nation, a nation, clan, a clan

Notes: This word refers to a tribe, race, or nation, often denoting a division of people, such as the twelve tribes of Israel. It can also refer to a clan or a group of people sharing common ancestry or characteristics. In a sentence, it would be used to identify a specific group of people.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to φῦλον (phylon), meaning 'race, tribe'. It refers to a division of people, often based on common descent.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ZAY-tay

Translations: he was seeking, she was seeking, it was seeking, he sought, she sought, it sought

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ζητέω' (zēteō), meaning 'to seek,' 'to look for,' 'to inquire,' or 'to demand.' The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted or begun. It indicates that someone or something was in the process of seeking or looking for something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑἸΤΕΩ, ἘΚΖΗΤΕΩ

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-RIS-keh-toh

Translations: was found, he was found, she was found, it was found, was being found

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect tense, passive voice, meaning 'was found' or 'was being found'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being found. For example, 'the book was found' or 'he was being found'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΥΡΕΘΗ, ΕΥΡΕΘΗΚΕ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ (eurisko) comes from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- ('to find, to discover'). It is related to Latin invenio and English 'find'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH

Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G1759

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TOW-tha

Translations: here, there, in this place, in that place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'there'. It refers to a specific place or point in time, often emphasizing the immediate vicinity or the current situation. It can be used to mean 'at this point' or 'at that point' in a narrative.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΚΕΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos, 'this'). It literally means 'in this very place'.

G2928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-KROOP-tai

Translations: has been hidden, is hidden, has been kept secret, is kept secret

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'has been hidden' or 'is hidden'. It describes something that is concealed or kept secret, often implying that the action of hiding has already occurred and the state of being hidden continues. It is used to indicate that something is not visible or not known to others.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΛΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word κρύπτω (kryptō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *krewb-, meaning 'to cover, hide'.

G1883

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-pa-NOH

Translations: above, over, on, upon, up, more than

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'above' or 'on top'. It can also be used as a preposition, often taking the genitive case, to indicate position 'over' or 'upon' something, or to mean 'more than' in a comparative sense. It describes location or superiority.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΙ, ὙΠΕΡ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3664

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOY-os

Translations: like, similar, a like, a similar

Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or appearance. For example, it can be used to say 'like him' or 'similar to God'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; can also be other cases and plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *somH- 'same, one'. It is related to words meaning 'same' or 'together'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ZAY-toh

Translations: seek, look for, search for, inquire, demand, desire, live, may he live, long live

Notes: This word is a verb with two primary meanings. In one sense, it means 'to seek,' 'to look for,' or 'to search for' something or someone, often implying an earnest effort to find or obtain. It can also mean 'to inquire' or 'to investigate.' In another distinct sense, often used in exclamations or blessings, it means 'to live' or 'may he/she/it live,' as in 'long live the king.' The context determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Present Imperative, Active Voice (in the sense of 'may he live')

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of seeking or searching.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G1345

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-YOH-mah

Translations: righteous act, a righteous act, righteous requirement, a righteous requirement, ordinance, an ordinance, regulation, a regulation, just decree, a just decree, righteous judgment, a righteous judgment, justification, a justification

Notes: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ refers to a righteous act, a just requirement, or an ordinance. It can also denote a righteous judgment or a state of justification. It is often used in legal or ethical contexts to describe what is right or decreed as such.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ

G0976

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BEE-blee-oh

Translations: to a book, for a book, in a book, by a book, to a scroll, for a scroll, in a scroll, by a scroll

Notes: This word refers to a book, scroll, or document. In ancient times, 'books' were typically scrolls made of papyrus or parchment. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'in', or 'by'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΟΣ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From βίβλος (biblos), meaning 'papyrus' or 'book', which originally referred to the inner bark of the papyrus plant used for writing material. The word eventually came to mean a written document or scroll made from this material.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EEL-then

Translations: he went away, he departed, he left

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action of moving from one place to another, specifically moving away from a point of reference. It is often used to indicate a final departure or a permanent leaving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1009

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-bah-AH

Translations: Gibeah

Notes: Gibeah is a proper noun referring to a city in the territory of Benjamin, located north of Jerusalem. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament as a significant location, particularly in the books of Judges and Samuel. It is often used in contexts describing travel to or from the city, or events that took place there.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The word Γαβαά (Gabaa) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word גִּבְעָה (giv'ah), meaning 'hill' or 'height'. It refers to a specific place name.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay-san

Translations: they went, they departed, they traveled, they walked

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to depart', 'to travel', or 'to walk'. It describes the act of moving from one place to another. The form 'ἘΠΟΡΕΥΘΗΣΑΝ' indicates that the action was completed in the past by a group of people (third person plural). It is often used to describe a journey or a movement towards a destination.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) comes from the Greek word πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'. It signifies movement along a path or route.

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G3061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOY-moy

Translations: pestilence, plague, a plague, scoundrels, wicked men, a pest

Notes: This word refers to a plague or pestilence, often a destructive disease. In a figurative sense, it can also describe a 'pest' or 'scoundrel' – a destructive or wicked person, as seen in the provided examples where it refers to 'wicked men' or 'pests' who cause trouble. It is used to describe both literal afflictions and troublesome individuals.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΩΛΕΘΡΙΑ, ΚΑΚΟΥΡΓΟΙ, ΑΝΟΜΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'λοιμός' (loimos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'λοιγός' (loigos), meaning 'ruin' or 'destruction'. It has been used since ancient Greek times to denote a plague or pestilence.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G0818

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-tee-MAH-san

Translations: they dishonored, they disgraced, they treated with contempt

Notes: ἨΤΙΜΑΣΑΝ is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀτιμάζω (atimazō). This verb means to dishonor, disgrace, or treat with contempt. It implies a lack of respect or a deliberate act of shaming someone. In a sentence, it would describe an action where a group of people actively showed disrespect or contempt towards someone or something.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΟΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

G5342