2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khon-tee

Translations: to a ruler, to the ruler, to a chief, to the chief, to a leader, to the leader, to a prince, to the prince, to a magistrate, to the magistrate

Notes: This word refers to a ruler, chief, leader, prince, or magistrate. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' someone. It signifies a person in a position of authority or power.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΩΝ comes from the verb ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to begin'. It refers to one who rules or is first in rank.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss (for the full word)

Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word appears to be a truncated or abbreviated form of the Koine Greek word ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos), meaning 'man,' 'human,' or 'person.' It is not a complete word in itself and would typically be seen as a misspelling or an intentional abbreviation in certain contexts, such as ancient manuscripts where space was limited. It refers to a human being, male or female, and can also refer to humanity in general.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular or Plural (truncated form)

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G2733

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-toy-KEE-ahn

Translations: dwelling, a dwelling, habitation, a habitation, house, a house

Notes: This word refers to a place of residence, a dwelling, or a habitation. It is used to describe a physical structure where someone lives, such as a house, or more broadly, a place where one resides. It can be used in both literal and figurative senses.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb κατοικέω (katoikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', which is itself from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to live'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kas

Translations: you gave, you have given

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. 'ἘΔΩΚΑΣ' specifically means 'you gave' or 'you have given', indicating an action completed in the past by a single person addressed directly. It is used to describe a past action of giving or bestowing something.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΣ, ΕΔΩΚΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, characteristic of many ancient verbs.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1922

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-STAY-may

Translations: knowledge, understanding, skill, a knowledge, an understanding, a skill

Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or skill, often implying a systematic or scientific comprehension of a subject. It can be used to describe intellectual understanding, practical skill, or even divine wisdom. It is typically used in a general sense to denote the possession of information or ability.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ is derived from the verb ἐπίσταμαι (epistamai), meaning 'to know, to understand'. It is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'on, upon', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand upon' or 'to be firm in knowledge'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5428

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froh-NEE-say

Translations: to wisdom, to understanding, to prudence, to insight, to good sense

Notes: This word refers to practical wisdom, understanding, or prudence. It implies a sound mind and good sense, often in a moral or ethical context. It describes the ability to make good judgments and act wisely in practical matters. In a sentence, it would indicate the means or instrument by which something is done, or the recipient of an action, due to its dative case.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

G4572

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: seh-ahf-TOH

Translations: (to) yourself, (to) thyself

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun meaning 'yourself' or 'thyself'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'you give to yourself'. It is a compound word formed from the second person pronoun 'σύ' (you) and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτοῦ' (himself, herself, itself).

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ is a compound of the second person pronoun ΣΥ (you) and the intensive pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self). It developed from the earlier form ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ, which itself is a contraction of ΣΟΙ ΑΥΤΟΥ.

G5553

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHROO-see-on

Translations: gold, a gold, money, a money

Notes: This word refers to gold, either as the precious metal itself or, by extension, as money or wealth. It is commonly used in contexts discussing valuable possessions or currency. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΡΥΣΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word χρυσός (chrysos), meaning 'gold'. The suffix -ιον (-ion) is a diminutive suffix, but in this case, it often refers to a piece of gold or gold as a substance, rather than a small piece of gold.

G0694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GY-ree-on

Translations: silver, a silver coin, money, a piece of money

Notes: This word refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly in the New Testament, as silver coins or money in general. It is often used to denote wealth or payment. For example, it can refer to the thirty pieces of silver Judas received for betraying Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀργύριον (argyriōn), which is a diminutive of ἄργυρος (argyros), meaning 'silver'. It refers to something made of silver or a small piece of silver.

G1712

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: em-po-REE-ah

Translations: trade, commerce, business, a trade, a business

Notes: This word refers to the activity of trade or commerce, involving the buying and selling of goods. It can also denote the business or enterprise itself. It is used to describe commercial transactions and the wealth or profit derived from them.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΟΡΙΟΝ, ἘΜΠΟΡΟΣ, ἘΜΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἔμπορος (emporos), meaning 'merchant' or 'traveler', which is derived from ἐν (en, 'in') and πόρος (poros, 'passage', 'journey'). Thus, it refers to the activity of a merchant who travels for trade.

G4129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-lay-THOO-nas

Translations: you multiplied, you increased, you made abundant, you made numerous

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to multiply, increase, or make abundant. It describes the action of causing something to become greater in number or quantity. It is used when someone or something causes an increase in something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΠΟΛΥΠΛΑΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word πλnθύνω (plēthýnō) comes from the Greek word πλῆθος (plêthos), meaning 'a great number, multitude, crowd'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kas

Translations: you have given, you gave

Notes: This word means 'you have given' or 'you gave'. It is the perfect active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), which means 'to give'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. It is used when the speaker is referring to an action that was finished, but its effects are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present form, which is common for verbs of giving in ancient languages.

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G1863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AH-goh

Translations: bring upon, bring in, lead on, inflict, bring

Notes: This verb means to bring something upon someone or something, often with the connotation of inflicting or imposing. It can also mean to lead or bring someone or something into a place or situation. It is commonly used in contexts of bringing judgment, punishment, or a state of being upon others.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΦΕΡΩ, ἘΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, "upon, to") and ἄγω (agō, "to lead, to bring").

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loy-MOOS

Translations: plagues, pestilences, diseases, epidemics

Notes: This word refers to a plague, pestilence, or disease, often one that is widespread and causes many deaths. It can also refer to a destructive or ruinous person or thing. In its plural form, as seen here, it refers to multiple instances of such afflictions or destructive forces.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΣΟΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to destroy' or 'to pollute'.

G1575

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-keh-NO-soo-sin

Translations: they will empty, they will pour out, they will make empty, they will make void

Notes: This word describes the action of emptying something out or making it void. It can refer to physically pouring out a substance or metaphorically making something empty or without effect. In the provided context, it suggests the action of drawing or unsheathing swords, effectively 'emptying' them from their scabbards.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΕΝΟΩ, ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΑΔΕΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκκενόω (ekkenoō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb κενόω (kenoō), meaning 'to empty' or 'to make void'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2570

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAL-los

Translations: beauty, a beauty, splendor, glory

Notes: This word refers to beauty, splendor, or glory. It is often used to describe physical attractiveness or the magnificent appearance of something. It can also refer to the inherent excellence or glory of a person or thing. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the beauty of gold, the splendor of God's glory, and the beauty of Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΛΟΣ derives from the adjective καλός (kalos), meaning 'beautiful, good'. It refers to the quality or state of being beautiful.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-bee-BAH-soo-sin

Translations: they will bring down, they will cast down, they will cause to descend

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bring down,' 'to cast down,' or 'to cause to descend.' It is often used to describe the action of lowering something or someone from a higher position to a lower one, or to humble someone. It can also refer to bringing something into a state of ruin or destruction.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΓΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word καταβιβάζω is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb βιβάζω (bibazō), meaning 'to cause to go' or 'to make to step.'

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-REIS

Translations: you will say, you shall say, you will speak, you shall speak

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak' in the future tense. It is used when referring to an action of speaking that will happen in the future, often in a declarative or prophetic context. For example, 'you will say to them' or 'you shall speak the word'.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΣ, ΦΗΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb ἔρομαι (eromai) 'to ask' and ἐρῶ (erō) 'to say' are related to the Proto-Indo-European root *werh₁- 'to say, speak'.

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-ROON-tohn

Translations: of those taking up, of those taking away, of those destroying, of those killing, of those slaying

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anaireō', meaning 'to take up, take away, destroy, or kill'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes the action of 'those who are taking up,' 'those who are taking away,' 'those who are destroying,' or 'those who are killing.' It functions like an adjective or noun, specifying the group performing the action, often translated as 'of those who...' or 'of the ones who...'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΟΝΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΑΝΕΛΟΝΤΩΝ

G0564

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-peh-RIT-may-tohn

Translations: of uncircumcised, of the uncircumcised

Notes: This word refers to those who are uncircumcised, primarily used in a religious or ethnic context to denote Gentiles or non-Jews, as opposed to the circumcised people of Israel. It can also be used metaphorically to describe those who are spiritually unresponsive or disobedient, having 'uncircumcised hearts' or 'uncircumcised ears'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΩΝ, ΑΛΛΟΦΥΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀπερίτμητος (aperitmētos) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the word περιτμητός (peritmētos), meaning 'circumcised'. Thus, it literally means 'un-circumcised'.

G0622, G0626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEE

Translations: perish, be destroyed, lose, die, come to an end, cease, finish

Notes: This word is an inflection of a verb and can have a few meanings depending on its root. If from ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ (apollymi), it means 'to perish, be destroyed, or lose'. If from ΑΠΟΛΗΓΩ (apolēgō), it means 'to come to an end, cease, or finish'. The context of the sentence determines the precise meaning. It is often used to describe something ceasing to exist or coming to its conclusion.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular; or Subjunctive, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΛΗΓΩ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G663

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-FRAH-ghis-mah

Translations: seal, a seal, signet, a signet, impression, a mark, a stamp

Notes: This word refers to an impression made by a seal, a signet ring, or the seal itself. It can also denote the mark or stamp left by such an impression, signifying authenticity, ownership, or completion. In a figurative sense, it can represent a distinguishing mark or a confirmation of something.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΦΡΑΓΙΣ, ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'off', and σφραγίζω (sphragizō), meaning 'to seal'. It literally refers to something sealed off or an impression made by sealing.

G4735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: steh-FAH-nos

Translations: crown, a crown, wreath, a wreath, garland, a garland

Notes: This word refers to a crown, wreath, or garland, often made of leaves or flowers, worn on the head. It can symbolize victory, honor, royalty, or a prize awarded in contests. It is commonly used to denote a literal head covering or metaphorically to represent a reward or glory.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ (stephanos) comes from the verb στέφω (stephō), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to crown'. It refers to something that encircles the head.

G2572

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAL-loos

Translations: of beauty, of excellence, of comeliness, of splendor

Notes: This word refers to beauty, excellence, or comeliness. It is used to describe something that is aesthetically pleasing or morally good. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation, such as 'of beauty' or 'of splendor'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΛΟΣ (kallos) comes from the adjective καλός (kalos), meaning 'beautiful' or 'good'.

G5172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: troo-FEE

Translations: luxury, a luxury, delight, a delight, sumptuous living, softness, wantonness

Notes: This word refers to a life of luxury, delicate living, or pleasure. It can denote a state of abundance and enjoyment, but sometimes carries a negative connotation implying excessive indulgence, effeminacy, or wantonness. It is often used to describe a lifestyle characterized by ease and comfort, sometimes to the point of moral laxity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΔΟΝΗ, ΑΝΕΣΙΣ, ΑΣΩΤΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to break down' or 'to be soft', referring to the softening effect of luxury.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thees

Translations: you became, you were born, you came to be, you were made

Notes: This word is the second person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It means 'you became' or 'you were born/made'. It describes an action that happened in the past and was completed, with the subject being the recipient of the action (passive voice). For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'You became a great leader' or 'You were born in that city'.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G5543

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHRAY-stos

Translations: useful, good, kind, pleasant, easy, a useful thing, a good thing

Notes: This word describes something as useful, good, or kind. It can also refer to something that is easy or pleasant to deal with. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a positive quality or characteristic.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ (chrēstos) comes from the Greek verb χράομαι (chráomai), meaning 'to use, to employ'. Therefore, it originally meant 'fit for use' or 'useful', and then extended to mean 'good' or 'kind'.

G1746

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-DEH-deh-sai

Translations: you have been bound, you have been clothed, you have been arrayed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive verb, meaning 'to be bound,' 'to be clothed,' or 'to be arrayed.' It describes a state of having been fastened, wrapped, or adorned with something. It is used to indicate that someone is wearing or covered by something, often in a figurative sense.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Perfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΝΔΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἐνδέω (endedeō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on,' and the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie.'

G5166

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: toh-PAH-zee-on

Translations: topaz, a topaz

Notes: This word refers to the gemstone topaz. It is used to describe a precious stone, often mentioned in lists of jewels or valuable materials.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word "τοπάζιον" (topazion) is derived from the Greek "τοπάζιος" (topazios), which referred to a specific island in the Red Sea (now Zabargad or St. John's Island) where a yellow-green gemstone (likely peridot, not modern topaz) was mined. The name of the stone came to be associated with the island.

G3096

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: li-GYOO-ri-on

Translations: ligure, a ligure

Notes: This word refers to a ligure, which is a precious stone, often described as a type of amber or a reddish-yellow gem. It is typically used in lists of precious stones, such as those found in descriptions of priestly garments or foundations of heavenly cities.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'λιγύριον' (ligyrion) is derived from 'λιγύριος' (ligyrios), which refers to a stone from Liguria, a region in Italy. It is believed to be a type of amber or a similar precious stone.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G0596

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-THEE-kas

Translations: storehouses, granaries, barns

Notes: This word refers to a place where things are stored, such as grain, goods, or treasures. It can be translated as a storehouse, granary, or barn. It is often used in the context of agricultural storage or places for keeping valuable items.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΜΙΕΙΟΝ, ΣΙΤΟΒΟΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀποθήκη (apothēkē) comes from the verb ἀποτίθημι (apotithēmi), meaning 'to put away' or 'to lay aside'. It refers to a place where things are put away or stored.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G0575

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G2936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-TIS-thees

Translations: you were created, you were founded, you were made

Notes: This word is a verb in the passive voice, meaning 'to be created' or 'to be founded'. It describes an action performed upon the subject, indicating that the subject came into existence or was established by an external agent. It is used to refer to the creation of individuals, things, or even the establishment of a city or institution.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΕΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEH-roov

Translations: cherub, a cherub

Notes: This word refers to a cherub, which is a type of celestial being or angelic creature mentioned in the Bible. Cherubim (the plural form) are often depicted as guardians of sacred places, such as the Garden of Eden or the Ark of the Covenant, and are associated with God's presence and glory. They are typically described as having multiple wings and faces.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word "Χερουβ" is a direct transliteration from the Hebrew word "כְּרוּב" (kərūḇ), meaning "cherub." It entered Greek through the Septuagint (LXX), the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

G0299

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-MOH-mos

Translations: blameless, without blemish, unblemished, faultless, pure, perfect

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being without fault, defect, or blemish. It implies moral purity and integrity, often used in a religious or ethical context to describe a person's character or an offering that is acceptable to God. It can be used to describe a person who lives a life free from moral reproach or an animal sacrifice that is perfect and unblemished.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΚΑΚΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΩΜΟΣ is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'μῶμος' (mōmos), meaning 'blemish' or 'fault'. Thus, it literally means 'without blemish' or 'without fault'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-ROOS

Translations: (of) mountain, (of) a mountain, (of) hill, (of) a hill

Notes: ὈΡΟΥΣ is the genitive singular form of the Koine Greek noun ὈΡΟΣ, which means 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated as 'of a mountain' or 'from a mountain'. It can refer to a literal elevated landmass or be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a natural elevation of the earth's surface.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GAH-gen

Translations: he led, he brought, he carried, he took, he went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead,' 'to bring,' 'to carry,' or 'to take.' It is used to describe the action of guiding someone or something from one place to another, or simply moving oneself. It can also imply a journey or a course of action. In the provided examples, it describes someone being led or brought.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΓΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to lead' or 'to drive.' It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language.

G3319

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: MEH-soo

Translations: middle, midst, among, between, in the middle, in the midst, (of) the middle, (of) the midst

Notes: This word refers to the middle or midst of something. As an adjective, it describes something as being in the middle. When used as a noun, often in the genitive case (like ΜΕΣΟΥ), it functions adverbially to indicate being in the midst of or among something or someone, frequently appearing with prepositions like διά (through) or ἐν (in).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΜΕΣΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *medʰyo- (middle). It is cognate with Latin medius and English mid.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THA-ree

Translations: was corrupted, was destroyed, was ruined, was spoiled, was depraved

Notes: This word describes something that has been corrupted, destroyed, or ruined. It can refer to physical decay or destruction, or to moral depravity and corruption. It is often used to indicate a state of being utterly spoiled or made useless.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and φθείρω (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. The compound verb thus means 'to thoroughly corrupt' or 'to utterly destroy'.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN

Translations: of sins, of a sin

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G4496

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-rip-sa

Translations: I threw, I cast, I hurled

Notes: This word means 'I threw,' 'I cast,' or 'I hurled.' It describes the action of forcefully sending something through the air. It is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ῥίπτω' (rhiptō), indicating a completed action in the past by the speaker.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The root word ῥίπτω (rhiptō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from an onomatopoeic root.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-NAN-tee-on

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, in the presence of, before, against, an opposite thing

Notes: This word can function as an adjective, an adverb, or a preposition. As an adjective, it describes something as being opposite or contrary. As an adverb, it means 'opposite' or 'over against'. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case and means 'in the presence of', 'before', or 'against'. It denotes a position or action in opposition to or in front of something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in) and ἈΝΤΙΟΣ (opposite, facing).

G3856

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-deeg-ma-tee-STHE-nai

Translations: to make an example of, to expose to public disgrace, to put to shame, to punish, to make a public example of

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'παραδειγματίζω'. It means to make an example of someone, often in a negative sense, by exposing them to public disgrace or shame. It implies a public display of punishment or humiliation, serving as a warning to others. It can also simply mean to punish someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ, ΕΞΕΥΤΕΛΙΖΩ, ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ

G0093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-dee-KEE-ohn

Translations: of injustice, of unrighteousness, of wrongdoing, of iniquity, of wrong

Notes: This word refers to a state of unrighteousness, injustice, or wrongdoing. It describes actions or conditions that are contrary to what is right or just, often implying a violation of divine or moral law. It is used to speak of acts of injustice committed by individuals or groups.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΙΑ, ἈΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ἉΜΑΡΤΙΑ

Etymology: From Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and δίκη (dikē, 'justice, right'). It literally means 'not right' or 'without justice'.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RAH

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, sacred things, temple, a temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used as a noun, it typically refers to 'sacred things' or 'holy places', often specifically a 'temple' or 'sanctuary'. It describes anything set apart for divine use or associated with religious practices.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Singular; or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερά (hiera) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ish₂ros, meaning 'sacred, powerful'. It is related to words signifying strength and divine power.

G2719

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-fah-GEH-tai

Translations: will devour, will consume, will eat up

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. Together, it means to eat down, consume entirely, or devour. It is used to describe a complete and destructive consumption, often by fire, a sword, or an enemy.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb κατεσθίω (katesthiō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. The root ἐσθίω comes from an older form ἔδω (edō), which is related to the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to eat'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-soh

Translations: I will give, I will grant, I will bestow, I will put, I will place

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will give' or 'I will grant'. It is commonly used to express promises, intentions, or future actions of giving or providing something.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΕΙ, ΔΩΣΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-RON-tone

Translations: (of) seeing, (of) looking, (of) beholding, (of) perceiving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to see' or 'to look'. It describes an action of seeing or perceiving that is ongoing or continuous. As a genitive plural, it typically refers to 'those who are seeing' or 'of those who are looking', indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wer- 'to perceive, watch'. In Greek, it developed into Ὁράω, meaning 'to see' or 'to look'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1987

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-is-TAH-men-oy

Translations: knowing, understanding, being skilled, being acquainted with, those knowing, those understanding

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epistamai', meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that possesses knowledge or understanding. It can be translated as 'knowing', 'understanding', or 'being skilled'. In a sentence, it might describe a group of people who are knowledgeable about a particular subject.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕἸΔΟΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'epistamai' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'over') and 'histamai' (meaning 'to stand'). The combination suggests 'standing upon' or 'being established upon' knowledge, hence 'to know' or 'to understand thoroughly'.

G0684

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ap-oh-LEE-ah

Translations: destruction, ruin, perishing, waste, loss, a destruction, a ruin, a perishing, a waste, a loss

Notes: This word refers to the state of being destroyed, ruined, or lost. It can also denote the act of causing destruction or the process of perishing. It is often used in contexts referring to physical or spiritual ruin, or the squandering of resources.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ὈΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΦΘΟΡΑ, ΚΑΤΑΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi), meaning 'to destroy, to lose'. It combines the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', with the root ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to perish'.

G4741

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stee-REE-son

Translations: strengthen, establish, make firm, support, fix, confirm

Notes: This word means to make something firm, stable, or secure. It can be used in a physical sense, like propping something up, or in a more abstract sense, like strengthening someone's resolve or confirming a belief. As an imperative, it functions as a command or plea to perform this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ, ΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ comes from the Greek word στῆριξ (stērix), meaning 'a prop' or 'a support'. It is related to the concept of standing firm or being fixed.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G1743

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-dox-as-THEH-so-mai

Translations: I will be glorified, I will be honored, I will be made glorious

Notes: This word means to be glorified, honored, or made glorious. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's actions or the state of being exalted. It implies a manifestation of divine power, majesty, or approval, leading to recognition and praise. In a sentence, it would describe someone or something being brought into a state of high esteem or splendor.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑΣΘΗΣΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΜΗΣΟΜΑΙ, ΥΨΩΘΗΣΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΔΟΞΑΖΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and ΔΟΞΑΖΩ (doxazo), meaning 'to glorify' or 'to honor'. The root ΔΟΞΑΖΩ comes from ΔΟΞΑ (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion'.

G1108

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GNO-see

Translations: knowledge, a knowledge, understanding, recognition

Notes: This word refers to knowledge or understanding, often implying a personal or experiential acquaintance with something rather than mere intellectual information. It can be used to describe the act of knowing or the state of being known. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-, which also means 'to know'.

G5135

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: teh-trav-mah-TIS-meh-nee

Translations: wounded, those who are wounded, a wounded one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been wounded' or 'those who have been wounded'. It describes someone who has suffered a wound or injury. It can function as a verb (describing an action completed in the past with ongoing results) or as an adjective (describing the state of a person or thing).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΛΗΓΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΕΠΛΗΓΟΤΕΣ

G4038

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-KOO-kloh

Translations: to surround, to encircle, to encompass

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'κυκλόω' (kykloō), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to surround'. It describes the action of forming a circle around something or someone, effectively enclosing or besieging them. It can be used in both a literal sense, like an army surrounding a city, or a more figurative sense, like troubles or dangers surrounding a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΕΥΩ, ΚΥΚΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb κυκλόω (kykloō), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to surround', which itself comes from κύκλος (kyklos), meaning 'circle'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-SON-tai

Translations: they will be, they shall be

Notes: This word is the third person plural future indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It signifies that a group of subjects will exist or will be in a particular state or condition at some point in the future. It is used to express future existence, identity, or a future state of being for multiple entities.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to the earliest stages of the Indo-European language family.

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koh

Translations: (to) house, (to) household, (to) family, (to) temple, (to) home

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a building. It can also refer to a household, meaning the family and all who live within the house, or more broadly, a lineage or a family line. In a religious context, it can refer to a temple or the house of God. The form ΟἸΚΩ is the dative singular, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

G4647

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKO-lops

Translations: thorn, a thorn, stake, a stake, splinter, a splinter

Notes: This word refers to a sharp, pointed object, such as a thorn, a stake, or a splinter. It can be used literally to describe a physical object, or metaphorically to describe something that causes pain, irritation, or difficulty, like a 'thorn in the flesh'. It is typically used in the masculine gender.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΚΑΝΘΑ, ΚΕΝΤΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'sharp' or 'pointed'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-KAN-thah

Translations: thorn, a thorn, thistle, a thistle, brier, a brier

Notes: This word refers to a thorny plant, a thistle, or a brier. It is often used metaphorically to describe something that causes pain, trouble, or difficulty, similar to how thorns can be a hindrance or cause injury. It can appear in various contexts, from literal descriptions of vegetation to symbolic representations of obstacles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΛΟΣ, ΣΚΟΛΟΨ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- ('sharp'). It refers to anything pointed or thorny.

G0818

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-tee-MAH-san-tone

Translations: of those who dishonored, of those who insulted, of those who treated with contempt, of those who shamed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb ἀτιμάζω (atimazō), meaning 'to dishonor' or 'to treat with contempt'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action completed in the past. In this genitive plural form, it refers to 'those who dishonored' or 'those who treated with contempt', indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΤΙΜΕΩ, ὙΒΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-NAX-oh

Translations: I will gather, I will collect, I will assemble

Notes: This word is the future tense, first person singular form of the verb 'συνάγω' (synago), meaning 'to gather' or 'to collect'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It is used to express the action of bringing people or things together into one place, often with the implication of assembling them for a specific purpose.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'συνάγω' (synago) is a compound word derived from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kah

Translations: I have given, I gave

Notes: ΔΕΔΩΚΑ is the first person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, meaning 'to give'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It indicates that the act of giving has been completed, and its effects are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of 'giving'. It is a reduplicated form, characteristic of the perfect tense in Greek.

G1396

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOO-loh

Translations: to enslave, to make a slave, to bring into bondage, to subject, to reduce to servitude

Notes: This verb means to enslave, to bring someone or something into a state of servitude or bondage. It describes the act of making someone a slave or subjecting them to another's will. It can be used in both a literal sense of physical slavery and a figurative sense of being subject to a principle, sin, or another's authority.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative; or Dative Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Participle; or Dative Singular, Feminine, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ, ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΥΛΟΩ (douloō) is derived from the noun ΔΟΥΛΟΣ (doulos), meaning 'slave' or 'bondservant'. It signifies the act of making someone into a δούλος.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-may-SOO-sin

Translations: they will build, they will construct, they will erect, they will edify

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to build a house' or, more generally, 'to build' or 'to construct'. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to edify' or 'to strengthen' someone spiritually. It describes the action of creating or establishing something, often a physical structure like a house or city, but also abstract concepts like faith or character.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G2917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-mah

Translations: judgment, a judgment, condemnation, a condemnation, decision, a decision, sentence, a sentence, punishment, a punishment, justice, a justice

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or sentence, often with the implication of a legal or divine verdict. It can also refer to the act of judging or the outcome of a judgment, including condemnation or punishment. It is used in contexts ranging from legal proceedings to divine decrees.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, separate'. It refers to the result or outcome of judging.

G0818

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-tee-MAH-sa-sin

Translations: dishonoring, having dishonored, treating with contempt, having treated with contempt, (to) dishonoring ones, (to) those who dishonored

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'atimazo', meaning 'to dishonor' or 'to treat with contempt'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone or something. In this form, it refers to those who have dishonored or treated someone with contempt, often implying a completed action. It is used to describe the state or action of a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΤΙΜΕΩ, ἈΤΙΜΟΣ