2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G5328

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-rah-OH

Translations: Pharaoh

Notes: This word refers to the title of the ancient Egyptian kings. It is used to denote the ruler of Egypt, particularly in the context of the Old Testament and New Testament narratives, such as the Exodus story. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of its grammatical function in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The word Φαραώ (Pharaō) is a transliteration of the Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (parʿōh), which itself comes from the Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ, meaning 'great house' or 'palace'. This term eventually became a title for the king.

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-REIS

Translations: you will say, you shall say, you will speak, you shall speak

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak' in the future tense. It is used when referring to an action of speaking that will happen in the future, often in a declarative or prophetic context. For example, 'you will say to them' or 'you shall speak the word'.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΣ, ΦΗΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb ἔρομαι (eromai) 'to ask' and ἐρῶ (erō) 'to say' are related to the Proto-Indo-European root *werh₁- 'to say, speak'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1404

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DRA-kohn

Translations: dragon, a dragon, serpent, a serpent

Notes: This word refers to a dragon or a large serpent. In ancient Greek literature and the Bible, it often symbolizes a powerful, dangerous, or evil entity. It is typically used as a singular noun in the nominative case, acting as the subject of a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΦΙΣ, ΘΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word "δράκων" comes from the Greek verb "δέρκομαι" (derkomai), meaning "to see clearly" or "to gaze." This suggests a connection to the creature's sharp sight or its ability to watch intently.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-LAS-say

Translations: sea, a sea, (to) the sea, (in) the sea

Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as the ocean or a large lake. In its dative form, as seen here, it often indicates location ('in the sea') or direction/recipient ('to the sea'). It is commonly used in ancient texts to describe literal bodies of water, but can also be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΛΑΣΣΑ is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of Greek speakers. Its precise etymological roots are uncertain, but it is thought to be related to other words describing the sea or watery environments.

G2662

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-PAH-tays

Translations: you were trampling, you were treading down, you were despising

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb πατέω (pateo, meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'). It literally means 'to tread down' or 'to trample upon'. Figuratively, it can mean 'to despise', 'to scorn', or 'to treat with contempt', as if one is walking all over something or someone. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-BAH-loh

Translations: to throw around, to put around, to clothe, to surround, to encompass

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. It generally means to throw something around, to put something around, or to surround. It can be used in various contexts, such as putting on clothing, encircling a place, or even metaphorically surrounding someone with something.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NAX-oh

Translations: I will bring up, I will lead up, I will bring back, I will lead back, I will restore

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. In the future tense, it means 'I will bring up' or 'I will lead up', often implying a movement from a lower to a higher place, or a return to a previous state or location. It can also mean to restore or bring back.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ἈΝΑΒΙΒΑΖΩ

G1614

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-TEH-noh

Translations: I stretch out, I extend, I reach forth

Notes: This word means to stretch out, extend, or reach forth. It is commonly used to describe the action of extending a hand, a limb, or even one's effort or attention. For example, one might stretch out a hand to touch something, or extend an effort in prayer or work.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΝΩ, ΟΡΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τείνω (teinō), meaning 'to stretch' or 'to extend'. Thus, it literally means 'to stretch out'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4130

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-PLEE-soh

Translations: I will fill, I will fulfill, I will complete

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, into) and the verb 'πλήθω' (to fill). It means 'to fill up' or 'to fulfill'. It is used to describe the action of making something full, whether literally (filling a container) or figuratively (fulfilling a prophecy or a period of time). In the provided context, it refers to filling the land with bodies or blood, or filling ravines.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΕΜΙΖΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-soh

Translations: I will give, I will grant, I will bestow, I will put, I will place

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will give' or 'I will grant'. It is commonly used to express promises, intentions, or future actions of giving or providing something.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΕΙ, ΔΩΣΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G0129

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AI-mah-tos

Translations: of blood

Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. In Koine Greek, it is often used literally to refer to physical blood, but can also be used metaphorically to denote lineage, sacrifice, or violent death. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of blood'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ (haima) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek word that has maintained its core meaning of 'blood' throughout its history.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G5329

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fah-rang-GAS

Translations: ravines, gorges, valleys

Notes: This word refers to a ravine, gorge, or valley, typically a deep and narrow one. It is used to describe geographical features, often implying a chasm or a deep cut in the earth. In the provided examples, it is used in the plural to refer to multiple such features that are being filled or are full.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΑΡΑΔΡΑ, ΚΟΙΛΑΔΑ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to φάραγος (pharagos), meaning 'chasm' or 'gulf'.

G2572

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-LYP-soh

Translations: I will cover, I will hide, I will conceal

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'καλύπτω', meaning 'to cover' or 'to hide'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will cover' or 'I will hide'. It can be used in contexts where something is being concealed or protected.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word καλύπτω comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kel-, meaning 'to cover, conceal'. It is related to other words in various languages that refer to covering or hiding.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G5316

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: fah-EE-non-tah

Translations: appearing, appearing things, things that appear, shining, shining things, things that shine, visible, visible things, things that are visible

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to appear' or 'to shine'. It describes something that is currently appearing, shining, or becoming visible. It can refer to things that are seen or become evident. It is often used to describe celestial bodies or phenomena that become visible.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle; Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine/Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΩΣΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΚΦΑΝΗΣ, ΟΡΑΤΟΣ

G4654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sys-koh-TAH-soo-sin

Translations: they will darken, they will grow dark, they will be darkened

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning "to darken together" or "to become completely dark." It is used to describe something, often celestial bodies like the sun, moon, or stars, losing their light or becoming obscured. It implies a complete or collective darkening.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΙΖΩ, ΣΚΟΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΣΚΟΤΑΖΩ is a compound formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb ΣΚΟΤΑΖΩ (skotazo), meaning "to darken" or "to be dark." The root ΣΚΟΤΑΖΩ itself comes from ΣΚΟΤΟΣ (skotos), meaning "darkness."

G3949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-or-GHEE-oh

Translations: to provoke to anger, to enrage, to exasperate, to irritate

Notes: This verb means to provoke someone to anger, to enrage them, or to exasperate them. It implies causing a strong emotional reaction of displeasure or wrath in another person. It can be used in contexts where actions or words lead to someone becoming deeply offended or angered.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ, ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΘΥΜΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΟΡΓΙΖΩ (orgizo), meaning 'to provoke to anger' or 'to become angry'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of provoking anger.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GOH

Translations: I lead, I bring, I carry, I go

Notes: This is a common and versatile verb meaning 'to lead,' 'to bring,' or 'to carry.' It can also mean 'to go' or 'to depart' in certain contexts. It describes the action of moving something or someone from one place to another, or moving oneself.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ἘΛΚΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to drive, pull, or move.' It is related to Latin 'ago' (to do, drive) and English 'agent'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOHS

Translations: you knew, you came to know, you understood, you perceived

Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It refers to an action of knowing or understanding that occurred in the past. It can imply gaining knowledge, recognizing something, or becoming acquainted with a person or fact. In a sentence, it would typically function as the main verb, indicating that 'you' (singular) performed the action of knowing.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G4769

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stoog-NAH-soo-sin

Translations: they will be gloomy, they will be sad, they will be dismayed, they will be horrified

Notes: This verb describes the state of being gloomy, sad, or horrified. It implies a visible expression of distress or dismay. In this form, it indicates an action that will happen in the future, performed by a group of people.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΗΣΟΥΣΙΝ, ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΑΣΟΥΣΙΝ

Etymology: The word στυγνάζω (stugnazō) is derived from the adjective στυγνός (stugnos), meaning 'hateful, gloomy, dismal'. It is related to the verb στυγέω (stugeō), 'to hate, to dread'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1611

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EK-sta-see

Translations: ecstasy, trance, amazement, astonishment, a trance, an amazement

Notes: This word refers to a state of being beside oneself, either due to intense emotion like amazement or astonishment, or a divinely induced trance. It describes a condition where one's normal consciousness is suspended, often leading to a profound experience or revelation. It can be used to describe a state of wonder or a prophetic vision.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΜΒΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΛΗΞΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΦΡΟΝΗΣΙΣ

G1839

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-STAY-son-tai

Translations: they will be amazed, they will be astonished, they will be astounded, they will be beside themselves, they will be out of their minds, they will be displaced, they will be removed

Notes: This word describes a state of being amazed, astonished, or astounded, often to the point of being 'beside oneself' or 'out of one's mind' due to overwhelming emotion or surprise. It can also refer to being displaced or removed from a position. In the provided context, it conveys a sense of awe or fear leading to a state of being overwhelmed.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΣΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΑΠΟΡΕΩ

G4072

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-TAS-thai

Translations: to fly, to be flying, to spread out, to be spread out

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'πετομαι' (petomai), meaning 'to fly' or 'to spread out'. It describes the action of flying or being spread out, often used in contexts where something is in motion through the air or being extended over a surface. For example, it could refer to a bird flying or a sail being spread by the wind.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΤΑΝΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΠΕΤΑΝΝΥΜΙ

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SOH-pah

Translations: faces, countenances, presences, persons, appearances

Notes: This word refers to faces, countenances, or presences. It can also denote a person or an outward appearance. In a broader sense, it can refer to the surface of something. It is the plural form of the noun 'prosopon'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΕΙΔΗ, ΥΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'prosopon' is a compound word formed from 'pros' (πρός), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ops' (ὤψ), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It originally referred to the part of the face that is seen, then extended to mean the face itself, and later a person or presence.

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-DEKH-oh-men-oy

Translations: waiting for, expecting, looking for, receiving, welcoming

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb 'δέχομαι' (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to welcome.' As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb of the sentence. It conveys the sense of actively waiting for something or someone, or of being ready to receive or welcome them. It can be used to describe a state of anticipation or readiness.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4501

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rom-FEYE-ah

Translations: sword, a sword, dagger, spear

Notes: This word refers to a large, broad sword, often associated with a Thracian or Dacian weapon, or more generally, any sharp weapon like a dagger or spear. It is frequently used metaphorically in the New Testament to represent divine judgment or spiritual conflict. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ, ΞΙΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word is of Thracian origin, referring to a type of long, straight or curved sword. It was adopted into Greek and Latin.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G2598

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-bah-LOH

Translations: I will throw down, I will cast down, I will overthrow, I will lay down, I will strike down, I will destroy

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βάλλω (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Therefore, it literally means 'to throw down' or 'to cast down'. It is used to describe the act of bringing something or someone to the ground, often with force, implying defeat, destruction, or the laying of a foundation. It can refer to overthrowing an enemy, destroying structures, or even laying the foundation of a building.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb καταβάλλω is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βάλλω (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G3061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOY-moy

Translations: pestilence, plague, a plague, scoundrels, wicked men, a pest

Notes: This word refers to a plague or pestilence, often a destructive disease. In a figurative sense, it can also describe a 'pest' or 'scoundrel' – a destructive or wicked person, as seen in the provided examples where it refers to 'wicked men' or 'pests' who cause trouble. It is used to describe both literal afflictions and troublesome individuals.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΩΛΕΘΡΙΑ, ΚΑΚΟΥΡΓΟΙ, ΑΝΟΜΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'λοιμός' (loimos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'λοιγός' (loigos), meaning 'ruin' or 'destruction'. It has been used since ancient Greek times to denote a plague or pestilence.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-see

Translations: they will destroy, they will perish, they will lose, they will be lost

Notes: This word is the third person plural future active indicative form of the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi). It means 'they will destroy' or 'they will cause to perish' when used transitively, and 'they will perish' or 'they will be lost' when used intransitively. It describes an action of complete destruction or ruin that will occur in the future.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΛΕΣΟΥΣΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΟΥΣΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΡΟΥΣΙ

G4937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-tree-BEE-seh-tai

Translations: will be broken, will be crushed, will be shattered

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'σύν' (together with) and the verb 'τρίβω' (to rub, wear out, break). It means to be completely broken, crushed, or shattered. It is used to describe something that will be utterly destroyed or brought to an end, often in a forceful or violent manner.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΡΓΗΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΥΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: iss-KHOOS

Translations: strength, power, might, force, ability, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word is a noun referring to strength, power, or might. It denotes inherent ability, physical or moral force, and capacity to act or endure. It can be used to describe the power of God, the strength of a nation, or the ability of an individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ischys' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ischō' (to have strength, to be able). It refers to inherent strength or power.

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ta-RAX-ay

Translations: trouble, disturbance, agitation, a trouble, a disturbance, an agitation

Notes: This word refers to a state of agitation, disturbance, or trouble. It can describe a commotion, a stirring up, or a state of being troubled, whether physically or emotionally. It is often used to describe a general unrest or a specific event that causes disruption.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΤΑΡΑΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ταράσσω (tarassō), meaning 'to stir, trouble, disturb'. It describes the result or state of being troubled.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G2487

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: IKH-nos

Translations: footprint, a footprint, track, a track, trace, a trace, vestige, a vestige

Notes: This word refers to a footprint, track, or trace left behind by something or someone. It can be used to describe the physical mark left by a foot, or more broadly, any sign or vestige that indicates the past presence or passage of something. For example, one might speak of finding the tracks of an animal or the faint traces of an ancient civilization.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΒΗΜΑ, ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *sekʷ- meaning 'to follow'.

G2662

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-PAH-tay-sis

Translations: trampling, a trampling, treading down, oppression

Notes: This word refers to the act of trampling or treading something underfoot. It can imply destruction, contempt, or oppression, as if something is being crushed or disregarded. It is often used in contexts where something is being desecrated or treated with disdain.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΤΗΜΑ, ΚΑΤΑΠΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΠΑΤΗΣΗ (katapatēsis) is derived from the verb ΚΑΤΑΠΑΤΕΩ (katapateō), meaning 'to trample down' or 'to tread underfoot'. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΠΑΤΕΩ (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G2270

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-soo-KHA-say

Translations: he will be quiet, he will be silent, he will rest, he will keep still, he will live a quiet life

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be quiet,' 'to be silent,' 'to rest,' or 'to keep still.' It can also refer to living a peaceful or quiet life. It is used to describe someone who will cease from activity or disturbance, or maintain a state of tranquility.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΙΓΗΣΕΙ, ΗΡΕΜΗΣΕΙ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΕΙ

Etymology: The word ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ (hēsykhazō) comes from the adjective ἥσυχος (hēsychos), meaning 'quiet,' 'still,' or 'peaceful.'

G1637

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ee-on

Translations: oil, an oil, olive oil, an olive oil

Notes: This word refers to oil, most commonly olive oil, which was a staple in ancient Mediterranean cultures. It was used for food, fuel for lamps, anointing, and medicinal purposes. It can be used in sentences to refer to the substance itself, such as 'they brought the oil' or 'the oil was scarce'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From an assumed root related to the olive tree. It is connected to the word for olive, 'ἘΛΑΙΑ' (ELAIA).

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-YOO-son-tai

Translations: they will go, they will depart, they will travel, they will proceed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to depart', 'to travel', or 'to proceed'. It is often used to describe movement from one place to another, whether literally walking, journeying, or metaphorically progressing in a certain direction or manner. It is the future indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'poreuō'.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G2049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ray-MOH-thay

Translations: was made desolate, was laid waste, was deserted, became desolate

Notes: This word describes something that was made desolate, laid waste, or deserted. It is used to indicate that a place, city, or land has been left empty, ruined, or uninhabited, often as a result of destruction or abandonment. It is in the aorist passive voice, meaning the action of desolation happened in the past and the subject received the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: From the Greek adjective ἔρημος (erēmos), meaning 'desolate, solitary, uninhabited'. The verb form means 'to make desolate' or 'to lay waste'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G4137, G4138

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: play-ROH-see

Translations: will fulfill, will complete, will fill, will accomplish, will bring to an end, fullness, completion, fulfillment, a filling, a completion

Notes: This word can function as a verb or a noun. As a verb, it means 'will fulfill,' 'will complete,' or 'will fill,' indicating an action that will be brought to completion in the future. As a noun, it refers to 'fullness,' 'completion,' or 'fulfillment,' describing the state or act of being filled or completed. It is often used in contexts of bringing something to its intended end or measure.

Inflection: Verb: Future Active Indicative, Third Person Singular; Noun: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΣΕΙ, ΑΝΑΠΛΗΡΩΣΕΙ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΩΣΕΙ

G1289

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-SPEH-ee-roh

Translations: scatter, disperse, spread abroad

Notes: This word means to scatter or disperse, often implying a wide distribution or separation. It can be used to describe the scattering of people, seeds, or even ideas. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and σπείρω (speirō), meaning 'to sow' or 'to scatter'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (this is the root/lexical form)

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and σπείρω (speirō), meaning 'to sow' or 'to scatter'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G2355

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THRAY-nos

Translations: lament, wailing, mourning, a lament, a wailing, a mourning

Notes: This word refers to a lamentation, wailing, or mourning, typically expressed through songs, cries, or other outward displays of grief. It is often associated with funerals, times of great sorrow, or public expressions of distress.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΟΣ, ΚΟΠΕΤΟΣ

Etymology: From an imitative root, possibly related to the sound of wailing. It is connected to the verb θρηνέω (thrēneō), meaning 'to lament' or 'to wail'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay

Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-bee-BAH-soo-sin

Translations: they will bring down, they will cast down, they will cause to descend

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bring down,' 'to cast down,' or 'to cause to descend.' It is often used to describe the action of lowering something or someone from a higher position to a lower one, or to humble someone. It can also refer to bringing something into a state of ruin or destruction.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΓΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word καταβιβάζω is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb βιβάζω (bibazō), meaning 'to cause to go' or 'to make to step.'

G0899

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BA-thos

Translations: depth, a depth, deep, profoundness, abyss

Notes: This noun refers to a great vertical extent downwards, indicating depth or profoundness. It can also refer to the deep sea or an abyss. It is used to describe the extent of something from top to bottom, or figuratively, the profoundness of a concept or idea.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΒΥΣΣΟΣ, ΒΥΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the adjective βαθύς (bathys), meaning 'deep'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰedʰ-, meaning 'to sink, to be deep'.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-ee-nohn-tas

Translations: descending, going down, coming down, a descending one, a going down one

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'descending' or 'going down'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, describing someone or something that is descending, or substantivally, referring to 'the one who is descending' or 'those who are descending'. It is often used to describe movement from a higher to a lower place.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΑΤΙΩΝ

G991

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOH-thron

Translations: pit, a pit, ditch, a ditch, cistern, a cistern

Notes: This word refers to a pit, ditch, or cistern, often dug in the ground. It is used to describe a hole or excavation, which can serve various purposes such as trapping animals, collecting water, or as a place of confinement. In the provided examples, it is used in the context of digging a pit into which someone might fall.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΚΚΟΣ, ΦΡΕΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΘΡΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'deep' or 'hollow'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2837

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koy-may-THEH-seh-tay

Translations: he will sleep, he will fall asleep, he will die, he will be laid to rest

Notes: This word describes the action of sleeping, falling asleep, or, metaphorically, dying. It is often used in the context of someone 'resting' or 'falling asleep' in death, particularly in a peaceful sense. It is a future tense form, indicating an action that will happen.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΩ, ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: From the root κοιμάω, meaning 'to put to sleep' or 'to lull'. It is related to the concept of lying down or resting.

G1008

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gee-GAN-tes

Translations: giants

Notes: This word refers to giants, often depicted as beings of immense size and strength. In ancient Greek mythology and some biblical contexts, they are a race of powerful beings, sometimes portrayed as rebellious against the gods or as offspring of divine and human unions. It is used to describe a group of such beings.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Γίγας" (Gigas) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a root meaning 'earth-born' or 'strong'. It refers to the mythical race of giants in Greek mythology.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G2909

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KRAY-toon

Translations: better, superior, stronger, more excellent

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'better' or 'superior'. It is used to indicate that one thing or person is of higher quality, greater strength, or more advantageous than another. It often appears with a genitive case or the particle 'ἤ' (ē) to express comparison, similar to 'than' in English.

Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: This word is the irregular comparative form of the adjective ἀγαθός (agathos), meaning 'good'. It derives from an older form related to 'strength' or 'power'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G0564

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-peh-RIT-may-tohn

Translations: of uncircumcised, of the uncircumcised

Notes: This word refers to those who are uncircumcised, primarily used in a religious or ethnic context to denote Gentiles or non-Jews, as opposed to the circumcised people of Israel. It can also be used metaphorically to describe those who are spiritually unresponsive or disobedient, having 'uncircumcised hearts' or 'uncircumcised ears'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΩΝ, ΑΛΛΟΦΥΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀπερίτμητος (aperitmētos) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the word περιτμητός (peritmētos), meaning 'circumcised'. Thus, it literally means 'un-circumcised'.

G0810

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ass-SOOR

Translations: Asshur, Assyria, an Assyrian

Notes: This word refers to Asshur, the land of Assyria, or an Assyrian person. It is often used to denote the powerful ancient empire located in Mesopotamia, known for its military strength and influence in the ancient Near East. It can be used to refer to the geographical region, the people inhabiting it, or the empire itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Masculine or Neuter (referring to the land/empire)

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name 'Ashshur' (H0804), which refers to the son of Shem, and subsequently the land and people descended from him.

G4864

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ah-go-GAY

Translations: assembly, a gathering, congregation, synagogue, a synagogue

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often for religious purposes. It can also specifically denote a synagogue, which was a place of assembly for Jewish worship and instruction. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἄγω' (to lead, to bring).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb 'συνάγω' (synago), meaning 'to bring together' or 'to assemble'. This verb is formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G5134

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: trow-ma-TEE-ai

Translations: wounded men, wounded people, injured men, injured people

Notes: This word refers to individuals who have suffered a wound or injury. It is used to describe those who are physically harmed, often in battle or through an accident. It functions as a plural noun in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΡΩΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΕΠΛΗΓΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΥΜΑΤΙΑΣ (traumatias) comes from the Greek word ΤΡΑΥΜΑ (trauma), meaning 'wound' or 'injury'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOTH-eh-san

Translations: they were given, they were granted, they were delivered

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist passive indicative, meaning 'they were given' or 'they were granted'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subjects received something without actively doing the giving themselves. It is often used to indicate divine provision or permission.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΟΘΗΣΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to give'. It is related to Latin 'dare' and English 'do' (in the sense of 'to perform').

G4038

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-KOO-kloh

Translations: to surround, to encircle, to encompass

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'κυκλόω' (kykloō), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to surround'. It describes the action of forming a circle around something or someone, effectively enclosing or besieging them. It can be used in both a literal sense, like an army surrounding a city, or a more figurative sense, like troubles or dangers surrounding a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΕΥΩ, ΚΥΚΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb κυκλόω (kykloō), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to surround', which itself comes from κύκλος (kyklos), meaning 'circle'.

G4098

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pep-TOH-ko-tes

Translations: fallen ones, those who have fallen, having fallen

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having fallen' or 'those who have fallen'. It describes a state of having completed the action of falling. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to the people or things that have fallen. For example, it could refer to soldiers who have fallen in battle or idols that have fallen down.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΣΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΕΣΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fall'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the sense of falling or dropping.

G3162

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ma-KHAIR-ah

Translations: sword, a sword, dagger, a dagger, knife, a knife

Notes: This word refers to a sword, dagger, or knife. It is a general term for a short sword or a large knife, often used for cutting or piercing. It can be used in various contexts, from literal weapons to metaphorical representations of conflict or judgment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of the word 'machaira' is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek or Pelasgian origin, possibly related to a word for 'fight' or 'battle'.

G3599, G2068, G103

Part of Speech: Noun, Participle

Sounds like: DON-tes

Translations: teeth, eating, singing, a tooth

Notes: This word is a homograph, meaning it can refer to different words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and origins. In Koine Greek, 'ΔΟΝΤΕΣ' can be the plural form of the noun 'ὀδούς' (odous), meaning 'teeth'. It can also be the masculine nominative plural active participle of the verb 'ἐσθίω' (esthíō), meaning 'eating' or 'those who eat'. Additionally, it can be the masculine nominative plural active participle of the verb 'ᾄδω' (adō), meaning 'singing' or 'those who sing'. The specific meaning depends entirely on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Noun: Masculine, Nominative, Plural. Participle: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Present, Active.

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΣΘΙΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΔΟΝΤΕΣ

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees

Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.

G2597

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-ee-non-tes

Translations: descending, going down, coming down, those descending, those going down, those coming down

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'καταβαίνω', meaning 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down) and 'βαίνω' (to go). As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb, or it can function substantively, referring to 'those who are descending'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΕΝΑΙ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-DOH-koh-tes

Translations: having given, those who have given

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having given'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still relevant in the present. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and can often be translated with a clause like 'those who have given' or 'because they have given'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΩΚΟΤΑΣ, ΔΕΔΩΚΟΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΩΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated verb, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs, indicating a perfective aspect.

G2597

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-ee-non-tone

Translations: descending, going down, coming down, those descending, those going down, those coming down

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'descending' or 'going down'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can refer to people or things that are in the process of moving downwards, often from a higher place to a lower one. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, or can be used substantively to refer to 'those who are descending'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Genitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΩΝ

G3464

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: MOH-sokh

Translations: Meshech, Mosoch

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Meshech, one of the sons of Japheth mentioned in the Old Testament. It is also the name of a nation or people descended from him, often associated with a region in ancient Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). It is typically used as a singular, masculine proper noun.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Meshech' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word מֶשֶׁךְ (Meshekh). It refers to a son of Japheth and a people or region associated with him.

G4098

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pep-TOH-ko-tohn

Translations: of those who have fallen, of the fallen, of those who fell

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes a state of having fallen or being in a fallen condition. It is used to refer to a group of people or things that have experienced a fall, whether literally (e.g., falling to the ground) or figuratively (e.g., falling from grace, falling in battle, falling into ruin). In a sentence, it would function adjectivally or substantively, modifying or referring to the 'ones who have fallen'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΕΠΤΩΚΟΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΠΕΠΤΩΚΟΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb πίπτω (piptō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fall'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-eh-PHO-bee-san

Translations: they terrified, they frightened, they scared

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb 'φοβέω' (phobeō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to frighten.' In this form, it means 'to thoroughly frighten' or 'to terrify.' It is used to describe an action where someone causes great fear in others. For example, 'they terrified the people.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΠΤΟΕΩ

G2222

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DZOH-ay

Translations: life, a life

Notes: This word refers to life in its broadest sense, encompassing both physical and spiritual existence. It can denote the principle of life, the period of life, or the way of life. It is often used to describe the state of being alive, as well as the quality of that existence, particularly in a spiritual or eternal context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΨΥΧΗ

Etymology: From the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It is related to the concept of vital breath and existence.

G2837

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koy-may-THEH-say

Translations: you will sleep, you will fall asleep, you will die, you will rest

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. In a broader sense, especially in biblical contexts, it can be used as a euphemism for 'to die' or 'to rest in death'. It describes the action of entering a state of sleep or, metaphorically, the peaceful passing away of a person.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΩ, ΚΑΘΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: The word κοιμάω (koimaō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kei- meaning 'to lie down' or 'to settle'.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOY

Translations: generals, commanders, governors, magistrates, chief captains, to generals, to commanders, to governors, to magistrates, to chief captains

Notes: This word refers to military commanders, generals, or civil magistrates and governors. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of leaders or officials, often in a military or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'to the generals' or 'the commanders'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

G5401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHOH-boh

Translations: (to) fear, (to) dread, (to) reverence, (to) awe, fear, dread, reverence, awe, a fear, a dread

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos), meaning 'fear', 'dread', 'reverence', or 'awe'. In the dative case, it often indicates the means by which something is done, or the object to which the fear is directed. For example, it can be translated as 'by fear' or 'with fear', or 'to fear' when used with verbs that imply an object of fear or reverence. It can also denote the state of being in fear or awe.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee' or 'to be afraid'. It is related to verbs of fleeing and being put to flight.

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: is-KHOO-ee

Translations: to strength, to power, to might, to ability, by strength, by power, by might, by ability

Notes: This word refers to strength, power, or might. It can denote physical strength, moral power, or inherent ability. It is often used to describe the capacity to do something or to overcome obstacles. In the dative case, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done, or the recipient of an action related to strength.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

G0667

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pee-NENG-kan

Translations: they carried away, they brought back, they bore away, they offered up

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποφέρω (apopherō). It means "they carried away" or "they brought back/forth." It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning "from" or "away from," and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning "to carry" or "to bear." Therefore, it literally means "to carry away from" or "to bear away."

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-klee-THEH-seh-tai

Translations: he will be comforted, he will be encouraged, he will be exhorted, he will be entreated, he will be appealed to

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be comforted, encouraged, exhorted, or entreated'. It describes an action that will happen to the subject in the future, indicating that they will receive comfort or encouragement. It is often used in contexts where someone is being consoled or given strength.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΗΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ, ΕΥΦΡΑΝΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kah

Translations: I have given, I gave

Notes: ΔΕΔΩΚΑ is the first person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, meaning 'to give'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It indicates that the act of giving has been completed, and its effects are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of 'giving'. It is a reduplicated form, characteristic of the perfect tense in Greek.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G4128