2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4754

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: strah-TEV-sahn-tos

Translations: (of) having campaigned, (of) having served as a soldier, (of) having gone to war, (of) having made war

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'στρατεύω', meaning 'to serve as a soldier' or 'to go to war'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a noun or pronoun. In this genitive form, it often indicates the agent or cause of an action, or provides additional information about a noun in the genitive case, often translated with 'of' or 'when/since/because someone campaigned/went to war'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-sah-LOH-ton

Translations: hard to capture, impregnable, difficult to take, a hard-to-capture thing

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'hard to capture' or 'impregnable'. It is used to describe places, structures, or even people that are difficult to overcome or conquer. It combines the prefix 'δυσ-' (dys-), meaning 'difficult' or 'bad', with 'ἁλωτός' (halōtos), meaning 'capturable' or 'vulnerable'. Thus, it literally means 'difficult to be captured'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΜΑΧΟΝ, ΑΝΕΠΙΒΑΤΟΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'difficult' or 'bad', and the adjective ΑΛΩΤΟΣ (halōtos), meaning 'capturable' or 'vulnerable', which comes from the verb ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai), 'to be captured'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1214

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: day-OH-oon-tos

Translations: of destroying, of laying waste, of ravaging, of devastating

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter present active participle of the verb ΔΗΟΩ (dēoō), meaning 'to destroy, lay waste, or ravage'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action. In this form, it often translates as 'of one who is destroying' or 'of that which is destroying', indicating possession or relationship to the act of destruction.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΞΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ΔΗΟΩ (dēoō) comes from the root ΔΗ- (dē-), which is related to the idea of 'burning' or 'destroying'. It is connected to words signifying desolation and ruin.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lee-may-NAN-tos

Translations: of having a harbor, of providing a harbor, of sheltering, of protecting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to have a harbor,' 'to provide a harbor,' or by extension, 'to shelter' or 'to protect.' As a genitive masculine singular participle, it describes an action performed by a male subject, indicating possession or origin related to the act of harboring or sheltering. It would be used in a sentence to modify a noun, showing that the noun is the one 'of having harbored' or 'of having sheltered.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΛΙΜΗΝΑΩ (limēnaō) is derived from the noun ΛΙΜΗΝ (limēn), meaning 'harbor' or 'port'.

G0493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tros

Translations: Antipas, Antipater

Notes: This is a masculine proper noun, referring to a personal name. It was a common name in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, borne by several historical figures, including a son of Herod the Great (Herod Antipas). It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Greek origin, meaning 'like the father' or 'instead of the father'. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G4621

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SEE-tos

Translations: grain, a grain, corn, a corn, wheat, a wheat, food, a food

Notes: This word refers to grain, especially wheat, or more generally, food. It is often used in contexts related to agriculture, provisions, or sustenance. It can be used to describe the crop itself or the prepared food derived from it.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΙΤΕΙΑ, ΣΙΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word "σῖτος" (sitos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to refer to grain or food.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-sohn

Translations: (of) how many, (of) as many as, (of) all that, (of) whatsoever

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective/pronoun ὅσος (hosos), meaning 'how much, how great, as much as, as many as'. It is used to refer to a quantity or extent, often in a relative sense, indicating 'all that' or 'as many as' in a given context. As a genitive plural, it typically functions to show possession, origin, or a part of a larger group, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: PAS, HOLOS

G1731

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-dey

Translations: showed, displayed, pointed out, demonstrated

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'endeiknymi', meaning 'to show', 'to display', or 'to demonstrate'. It is used to indicate that something was made visible or evident, or that a quality or action was manifested. In the provided context, it appears to be used in a narrative sense to describe something being revealed or identified, such as a tribe or an individual being 'shown' or 'identified'.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active or Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΧΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EI-khen

Translations: was providing, was supplying, was offering, was giving, was presenting

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was providing' or 'he/she/it was supplying'. It can be used to describe someone continuously giving or offering something.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, they convey the sense of holding out or presenting something.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G4243

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-byoo-TAYS

Translations: ambassador, an ambassador, envoy, a legate

Notes: This word refers to an ambassador, envoy, or legate. It denotes someone who is sent on a mission, representing a higher authority or group, often with a message or to negotiate. It is used to describe a person who acts as a representative.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΟΣ, ΚΗΡΥΞ

Etymology: The word "ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΣ" (presbeutēs) is derived from the verb "πρεσβεύω" (presbeuō), meaning "to be an ambassador" or "to be older." This verb, in turn, comes from "πρέσβυς" (presbys), meaning "old man" or "elder," which implies a person of authority and respect, hence one fit to represent.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khoo-san

Translations: existing, being, being in existence, being present, being available, having, possessing, a being, a having

Notes: This word is a present active participle, feminine, singular, accusative of the verb 'ΥΠΑΡΧΩ'. It describes something that is currently existing, being, or present. It can also refer to something that one possesses or has. In a sentence, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing a feminine singular object that is in the state of existing or being possessed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, “under”) + ἄρχω (árkhō, “to begin, to rule”). The combination originally meant 'to begin under' or 'to be at the beginning', evolving to 'to exist' or 'to be present'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEI-thei

Translations: he persuades, she persuades, it persuades, he trusts, she trusts, it trusts, he obeys, she obeys, it obeys

Notes: This word means to persuade, to convince, or to win over. It can also mean to trust or to obey, especially in the perfect tense (πεποιθέναι) where it signifies a state of having been persuaded, hence trusting or being confident. It is used to describe the act of influencing someone's opinion or actions, or the state of being convinced or compliant.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

G0694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GY-ree-on

Translations: silver, a silver coin, money, a piece of money

Notes: This word refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly in the New Testament, as silver coins or money in general. It is often used to denote wealth or payment. For example, it can refer to the thirty pieces of silver Judas received for betraying Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀργύριον (argyriōn), which is a diminutive of ἄργυρος (argyros), meaning 'silver'. It refers to something made of silver or a small piece of silver.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: day-oh-THEE-nai

Translations: to be laid waste, to be ravaged, to be devastated, to be destroyed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'δηόω' (deoo), meaning 'to lay waste' or 'to ravage'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used with prepositions or as the object of another verb. In the passive voice, it indicates that the subject is the one being acted upon, meaning 'to be ravaged' or 'to be destroyed'. It describes the act of a place or thing being subjected to destruction or devastation.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΡΗΜΟΩ

Etymology: The verb 'δηόω' (deoo) is derived from 'δηός' (deos), meaning 'strife, battle, war', which itself is related to 'δαίω' (daio), meaning 'to divide, to tear, to burn'. The sense of 'ravaging' or 'laying waste' comes from the destructive nature of war.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1450

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eng-gyoo-EE-tays

Translations: guarantor, surety, a guarantor, a surety

Notes: This word refers to a person who gives a pledge or security for another, acting as a guarantor or surety. It is used in contexts where one person takes responsibility for the obligations or actions of another, often in a legal or financial sense.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἘΓΓΥΟΣ, ἘΓΓΥΗ

Etymology: From the verb ἐγγυάω (engyuao), meaning 'to give a pledge, to guarantee', which comes from ἐν (en, 'in') and γυῖον (gyion, 'limb, joint'), referring to the act of giving one's hand as a pledge.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G3089

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-loo-seh

Translations: he loosed, he untied, he released, he destroyed, he dissolved, he broke, he abolished

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λύω' (lyō). It means 'he/she/it loosed,' 'untied,' 'released,' 'destroyed,' 'dissolved,' 'broke,' or 'abolished.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, often with a focus on the result of the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as untying bonds, releasing prisoners, dissolving a marriage, or destroying a structure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G2276

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HET-ton

Translations: less, worse, inferior, a less (thing)

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and an adjective, meaning 'less' or 'worse'. As an adverb, it modifies verbs or other adverbs, indicating a lesser degree. As an adjective, it describes nouns, meaning 'inferior' or 'lesser'. It is the comparative form of 'bad' or 'little'.

Inflection: Comparative, Does not inflect for gender or case when used adverbially. When used adjectivally, it can inflect for gender, number, and case (e.g., ΗΤΤΟΝΑ in the example is Accusative Singular).

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΧΕΙΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἧττον (hētton) is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective ἥσσων (hēssōn), meaning 'less, worse, weaker'. It is often used adverbially. Its ultimate origin is uncertain but is related to the concept of being 'less' or 'inferior'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BAH-ee-nen

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it resulted, it turned out, it befell

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (to go). It means 'to go together with' or 'to come together', and by extension, 'to happen', 'to occur', or 'to turn out'. It describes an event or outcome that takes place, often implying a natural or logical consequence. It is frequently used impersonally, as in 'it happened that...' or 'it came to pass that...'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Its meaning evolved from 'to go together' to 'to come to pass' or 'to happen'.

G1937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-MEIN

Translations: to desire, to long for, to covet, to lust after

Notes: This word means to have a strong desire or longing for something. It can be used in a neutral sense of simply desiring, but often carries a negative connotation, implying a covetous or lustful desire, especially in a moral or ethical context. It describes an intense craving or yearning.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιθυμέω (epithumeō), formed from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, toward') and θυμός (thumos, 'passion, spirit, desire'). It literally means 'to set one's heart upon'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noh

Translations: (to) time, (in) time, a time, season, period

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or a specific moment. It is often used to indicate when something occurs, frequently appearing with prepositions like 'ἐν' (in) to denote 'in time' or 'at a certain time'. It can also refer to a duration or an appointed time.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It refers to a duration of time, as opposed to καιρός (kairos), which refers to a specific, opportune time.

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G2701

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kah-tah-TREH-khon-tos

Translations: of running down, of running over, of overrunning, of invading, of traversing, of running through

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to run down' or 'to overrun'. It describes an action of moving quickly over an area, often with the implication of invading, traversing, or seizing control. It is used to describe someone or something that is actively engaged in such an action.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΔΡΑΜΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΧΩΡΙΑΣΑΝΤΟΣ

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TAY-goss

Translations: commander, general, governor, a commander, a general, a governor

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, a general, or a governor. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead), literally meaning 'leader of an army'. It can be used to describe someone in charge of military forces or a civil administrator with significant authority, often in a military context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΟΥΞ

Etymology: From 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). It refers to one who leads an army or a military force.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TEH-khein

Translations: to hold fast, to hold out, to cling to, to be loyal to, to resist, to endure, to persevere, to stand firm

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἀντέχω (antéchō). It means 'to hold fast to' or 'to cling to' something, often implying loyalty, steadfastness, or resistance. It can also mean 'to endure' or 'to persevere' in a difficult situation, or 'to stand firm' against opposition. It is often used with the dative case to indicate what one is holding fast to or resisting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dy-NAH-meh-noo

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being mighty, of one being able, of one being powerful, of one being mighty

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession or origin, so it can refer to 'of one who is able' or 'of that which is powerful'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-eh-GEY-rin

Translations: to raise up, to build, to erect, to awaken, to restore

Notes: This word means to raise up, to build, or to erect something. It can also refer to awakening someone or restoring something to a previous state. It is often used in contexts of constructing buildings or raising people from sleep or death.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΓΕΙΡΕΙΝ, ἈΝΙΣΤΑΝΑΙ, ΟἸΚΟΔΟΜΕΙΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “up, again”) and ἐγείρω (egeírō, “to rouse, to awaken”).

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-kheh-ROON-tos

Translations: of one attempting, of one undertaking, of one putting hand to, of one trying

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epicheireō', meaning 'to put one's hand to', 'to attempt', or 'to undertake'. It describes someone who is in the process of attempting or undertaking an action. It is used to indicate the subject of a genitive absolute construction or to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ἘΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

G3754

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-per

Translations: the very thing which, which, whatsoever, as, just as

Notes: ΟΠΕΡ is an intensive relative pronoun, meaning 'the very thing which' or 'whatsoever'. It is used to emphasize the preceding noun or idea, often functioning as a stronger form of 'which' or 'what'. It can introduce a clause that specifies or elaborates on something already mentioned, or it can indicate a cause or reason.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: Ο, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

Etymology: ΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'who, which, what', and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis or intensity, often translated as 'just, even, indeed'.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-THEI-len

Translations: he cast down, he pulled down, he threw down, he overthrew, he took down, he brought down

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'καθαιρέω' (kathaireō). It means 'he/she/it cast down,' 'pulled down,' 'threw down,' 'overthrew,' 'took down,' or 'brought down.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, often implying a forceful or decisive removal from a higher position or state. For example, it can be used to describe the overthrowing of rulers or the demolition of structures.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΒΑΛΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΣΤΡΕΨΕΝ, ΑΝΕΤΡΕΨΕΝ

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PES-khon

Translations: held back, restrained, stopped, delayed, paid attention to, attended to, applied oneself to

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and the verb 'ἔχω' (to have, to hold). It generally means to hold back, restrain, or stop something or someone. It can also mean to pay attention to, attend to, or apply oneself to something, indicating a focus or dedication. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a pause, a delay, or a careful consideration.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΕΧΩ is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. The combination suggests holding something in place or directing attention towards it.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1759

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TOW-tha

Translations: here, there, in this place, in that place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'there'. It refers to a specific place or point in time, often emphasizing the immediate vicinity or the current situation. It can be used to mean 'at this point' or 'at that point' in a narrative.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΚΕΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos, 'this'). It literally means 'in this very place'.

G4023

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EE-ohn

Translations: going around, wandering about, going about, a going around, a wandering about

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'going around' or 'wandering about'. It describes an action of moving in a circular path or from place to place. It is a compound word formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and a form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It can be used to describe someone who is moving from one place to another, often without a specific destination, or circulating within an area.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word περιέρχομαι (perierchomai) is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EL-ex-en

Translations: gathered, collected

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to gather together' or 'to collect'. It describes the action of bringing things or people into one place. It is used here in the past tense, indicating that the action of gathering or collecting has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), which in this context means 'to gather' or 'to collect'.

G5035

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ta-KHOO

Translations: quick, swift, fast, quickly, swiftly, soon, immediately

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'quick' or 'swift', describing something that moves or happens at a high speed. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'quickly', 'swiftly', 'soon', or 'immediately', indicating the manner or timing of an action. For example, it can describe a 'swift witness' or an action that happens 'quickly'.

Inflection: Neuter Singular Nominative or Accusative (as adjective), Adverbial form (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΧΥ (tachy) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂g- meaning 'to touch, to handle', which evolved to imply speed or quickness in Greek.

G3697

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lee-tas

Translations: hoplite, a hoplite, heavy-armed soldier, a heavy-armed soldier

Notes: An hoplite was a heavily armed foot soldier in ancient Greece. They were typically equipped with a large round shield (hoplon), a spear, and a sword. Hoplites fought in a phalanx formation, a tightly packed rectangular unit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor', referring to the shield carried by these soldiers.

G3735

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-khoo-ROO

Translations: fortified, strengthened, made strong, secured

Notes: This word describes the action of fortifying, strengthening, or making something secure. It is often used in the context of building defenses or making a position strong. It can also refer to making something firm or stable.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΩ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΩ

Etymology: From ὀχυρός (ochyros, 'firm, strong, secure'), which comes from ἔχω (echō, 'to have, hold'). The verb means to make firm or strong.

G2042

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-roo-mah

Translations: fortress, a fortress, stronghold, a stronghold, defense, a defense, protection, a protection

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, a stronghold, or a defense. It can also denote protection or a barrier. It is used to describe physical structures that offer security or a means of defense against attack.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἐρύω (eryō), meaning 'to draw, to pull, to protect, to guard'. The noun form refers to that which is drawn around for protection or defense.

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-RE-sin

Translations: to mountains, on mountains, in mountains, with mountains, like mountains, mountains, hills

Notes: This word refers to mountains or hills. It is the dative plural form of the noun 'ὄρος' (oros), meaning 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a dative case, it can indicate location (on/in/at mountains), instrument (with mountains), or comparison (like mountains), depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΝΟΙ, ΟΡΗ

Etymology: The word ὄρος (oros) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'rise' or 'height'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G4311

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-PEM-psas

Translations: having sent forth, having sent on, having escorted, having accompanied, having helped on one's journey

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, masculine, singular, nominative case, derived from the verb 'προπέμπω'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that the subject has performed the action of sending someone forth, escorting them, or helping them on their journey. It can be used to describe someone who has provided assistance for travel or has seen someone off.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΣΥΝΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word προπέμπω (propempō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send forward' or 'to send on one's way'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G3695

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: op-LI-san-tes

Translations: having armed, equipping, those who armed, when they armed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having armed' or 'equipping'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, which then leads to or accompanies another action. It is used to indicate that the subjects have taken up arms or prepared themselves for conflict.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΟΠΛΙΖΩ, ΕΞΟΠΛΙΖΩ

Etymology: From ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'tool, implement, weapon'. The verb means to arm or equip with weapons.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1902

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-POH-meh-noos

Translations: following, those who follow, accompanying, attending

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to follow'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of following, accompanying, or attending. It is often used to refer to 'those who follow' or 'followers' in a general sense, indicating a group of people who are accompanying or adhering to someone or something.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΣΥΝΕΠΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G5218

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-pee-KO-oos

Translations: obedient, subject, submissive

Notes: This word describes someone who is obedient, submissive, or subject to another's authority. It implies a willingness to listen and comply with commands or instructions. It is often used to describe people who are under the rule or authority of a leader, a law, or even God.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΙΚΟΣ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. Thus, it literally means 'hearing under' or 'listening under', implying submission to what is heard.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: pay-tho-LA-os

Translations: Peitholaus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. It is a compound word derived from 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey', and 'ΛΑΟΣ' (laos), meaning 'people' or 'army'. Thus, the name could imply 'one who persuades the people' or 'one who leads the army'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name ΠΕΙΘΟΛΑΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ΠΕΙΘΩ (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey', and ΛΑΟΣ (laos), meaning 'people' or 'army'. It is a common type of Greek name formation, combining two elements to create a descriptive personal name.

G4355

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-la-BON-tes

Translations: having taken to oneself, having received, having adopted, having associated with, taking to oneself, receiving, adopting, associating with

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσλαμβάνω' (proslambanō), which means 'to take to oneself,' 'to receive,' 'to adopt,' or 'to associate with.' As a participle, it describes an action that has occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G494

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-PAH-troo

Translations: (of) Antipater

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Antipater'. Antipater was a common name in the ancient world, notably borne by several historical figures, including the father of Herod the Great. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Antipater's' or 'belonging to Antipater'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀντί (anti, "against, instead of") and πατήρ (patēr, "father"). It literally means "instead of the father" or "like the father."

G5221

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAN-ton

Translations: they were meeting, they were coming to meet, they were going to meet

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'hypantaō'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'to meet', 'to come to meet', or 'to go to meet' someone or something. It often implies an encounter, sometimes with the purpose of welcoming or confronting. In a sentence, it would describe a group of people in the past who were in the process of meeting someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word 'hypantaō' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'hypo' (under, from below) and the verb 'antaō' (to meet, to come face to face). It literally means 'to meet from below' or 'to come up to meet'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-na-kho-REH-ee

Translations: he withdraws, she withdraws, it withdraws, he retires, she retires, it retires, he departs, she departs, it departs, he goes away, she goes away, it goes away

Notes: This word describes the action of withdrawing, retiring, or departing from a place or situation. It implies a movement away, often for safety, privacy, or to avoid something. It can be used in sentences like 'He withdraws to the mountains' or 'The crowd departs from the city'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room', 'to go', or 'to proceed'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room back'.

G1451

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective, Preposition

Sounds like: eng-GYS

Translations: near, close, at hand, nigh

Notes: This word indicates proximity, either in terms of physical distance (near, close) or temporal closeness (at hand, imminent). It is often used to describe something that is about to happen or is very close in time. It can function adverbially, modifying a verb, or adjectivally, describing a noun, and sometimes as a preposition taking the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΓΓΥΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root for 'hand' or 'reach', suggesting something within reach.

G220

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

G4895

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-peh-SON-tone

Translations: having fallen together, having met, having clashed, having coincided, of those who fell together, of those who met, of those who clashed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συμπίπτω', meaning 'to fall together', 'to meet', or 'to clash'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that multiple entities have come together, either physically, in conflict, or in agreement/coincidence. It is often used in a genitive absolute construction to describe a circumstance or event that happened, such as 'when they met' or 'when they clashed'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΑΝΤΗΣΑΝΤΩΝ

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khees

Translations: of battle, of fight, of combat, of a battle, of a fight, of a combat

Notes: This word refers to a battle, fight, or combat. It is used to describe a physical conflict or struggle between individuals or groups. As a noun, it can function as the subject or object of a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥ, ΑΓΩΝΟΣ, ΕΡΙΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ (machē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It is related to words signifying struggle or combat.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KTEI-noo-see

Translations: they kill, they slay, they murder

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It is used to describe the action of one or more subjects causing the death of another. It can be used in various contexts where an act of killing or murder takes place.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word κτείνω comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to kill' or 'to strike'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2222

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: zoh-GROO-see

Translations: they catch alive, they take alive, they capture alive

Notes: This word means 'they catch alive' or 'they take alive'. It is used to describe the act of capturing someone or something without killing them, often in the context of warfare or hunting. It is a compound word formed from 'ζωός' (alive) and 'ἀγρεύω' (to hunt or catch).

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Etymology: The word ΖΩΓΡΕΩ is a compound verb derived from the Koine Greek words ΖΩΟΣ (zōos), meaning 'alive', and ΑΓΡΕΥΩ (agreúō), meaning 'to hunt' or 'to catch'. It literally means 'to hunt alive' or 'to catch alive'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1642

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-LAHT-ton

Translations: less, smaller, fewer, a less thing, a smaller thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'ἐλάττων', meaning 'less', 'smaller', or 'fewer'. It is used to indicate a lesser quantity, size, or number when comparing two things. It can function substantively, meaning 'a less thing' or 'that which is less'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΟΛΙΓΩΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἐλάττων' is the comparative form of 'ἐλαχύς' (small, little), which is related to 'ὀλίγος' (few, little). It comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small' or 'little'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4291

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proo-ka-LEH-ee-toh

Translations: he was challenging, he was provoking, he was inviting, he was calling forth

Notes: This word describes an action of challenging, provoking, or inviting someone to do something. It implies a continuous or repeated action in the past. It can be used in contexts where someone is being dared or summoned.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προκαλέω (prokaleō), a compound of πρό (pro, "before, forth") and καλέω (kaleō, "to call"). It literally means "to call forth" or "to call before."

G4385

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front'. It can refer to a spatial position, indicating something is physically in front, or to a temporal position, meaning 'formerly' or 'previously'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in front of' or 'in the presence of' someone or something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟ

Etymology: From the preposition πρό (pro, 'before') and the suffix -θεν (-then, indicating origin or direction from).

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G0264

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hay-mar-tay-MAY-non

Translations: (of) sins, (of) wrongdoings, (of) errors, (of) offenses, (of) those who have sinned, (of) the things sinned

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ' (hamartanō), meaning 'to sin' or 'to miss the mark'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun. In this form, it refers to things that have been sinned, done wrong, or committed as errors. It describes actions or states that are the result of sinning.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑΤΩΝ, ΑΔΙΚΗΜΑΤΩΝ

G3670

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-moh-lo-GOHN

Translations: confessing, acknowledging, professing, agreeing, admitting

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'homologeo'. It describes someone who is in the act of confessing, acknowledging, or professing something. It can be used to describe a person who agrees with a statement or admits to a fact. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate the action of confessing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ

G4754

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: strah-toh-peh-de-oo-MEH-nohne

Translations: encamping, pitching camp, setting up camp, of encamping, of pitching camp, of setting up camp

Notes: This word describes the action of setting up a military camp or stationing troops. It is often used in contexts related to armies or groups of people establishing a temporary dwelling place, indicating the act of encamping or being encamped. It is a compound word derived from 'stratos' (army) and 'pedon' (ground/plain).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΜΒΑΛΛΩ, ΣΚΗΝΟΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G0447

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EE-eh-san

Translations: they let go, they relaxed, they released, they sent up, they offered up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to let go, relax, release, or send up. It can be used in contexts where something is being loosened, released from a hold, or sent upwards, such as an offering. It is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀνίημι.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΧΑΛΑΩ, ΛΥΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up') and ἵημι (híēmi, 'to send').

G0075

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-goh-nee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having contended, having struggled, having fought, having striven, having competed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'agonizomai', meaning 'to contend' or 'to struggle'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of contending, struggling, or fighting.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΛΑΙΩ, ἘΡΙΖΩ

G0615

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pok-TEI-nas

Translations: having killed, having slain, one who kills, one who slays

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἀποκτείνω', meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often translates as 'having killed' or 'one who has killed', indicating the subject has completed the action of killing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκτείνω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the action of killing, emphasizing the complete removal of life.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-sen

Translations: it seemed good, it seemed best, it was decided, it pleased, it was thought, it was resolved

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided'. It is often used impersonally to express a decision or a consensus, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or pleasing to someone or a group. For example, 'it seemed good to them' or 'it was decided by the council'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G0703

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-ris-TEV-keh-nai

Translations: to have excelled, to have been preeminent, to have performed bravely, to have been the best

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb ἀριστεύω (aristeuō). It describes the state of having excelled, having been preeminent, or having performed bravely. It implies a past action that has a continuing result or state of being excellent.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΧΩ, ὙΠΕΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: From ἀριστεύς (aristeus), meaning 'the best, noble, excellent', which is derived from ἄριστος (aristos), meaning 'best'.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G1759

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TOW-thoy

Translations: here, there, in this place, in that place

Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'here' or 'there', indicating a location. It can refer to a specific spot where an action is taking place or where something is located. It is used to point out a place, similar to how 'here' or 'there' are used in English sentences.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΝΘΑΔΕ, ἘΚΕΙ

Etymology: This word is formed from the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the preposition 'ἐν' (in), indicating 'in this very place'.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON

Translations: leaving, forsaking, abandoning, deserting, remaining, being left behind

Notes: ΚΑΤΑΛΙΠΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, meaning 'to leave behind, forsake, abandon, or desert'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (to leave). As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'having left' or 'by leaving'. It can also imply a state of being left behind or remaining.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G1625

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-po-lee-or-KEE-thay

Translations: to be captured by siege, to be taken by storm, to be besieged out

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of' or 'from') and πολιορκέω (poliorkeō, meaning 'to besiege'). It describes the action of a place or city being captured or taken by means of a siege. It is used in a passive sense, indicating that the subject is the one being besieged and ultimately overcome.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-ee

Translations: came upon, was coming upon, was approaching, was attacking

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἐπείμι' (epeimi), meaning 'to come upon' or 'to approach'. It describes an action of moving towards something or someone, often with the implication of an attack or an arrival. It is typically used in a narrative context to describe an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-saiss

Translations: as many as, as great as, how many, how great, all that, whatsoever, as much as

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun or adjective meaning 'as many as' or 'as great as'. It introduces a clause that relates back to a preceding noun or pronoun, indicating quantity or extent. It agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. For example, it can be used to say 'all the things that' or 'as many people as'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣΟΙ, ΠΟΣΟΣ

G2027

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-TUNG-kha-nen

Translations: was obtaining, was attaining, was succeeding, was meeting with, was hitting upon

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to') and the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō, meaning 'to happen' or 'to obtain'). It means to obtain, attain, succeed, or meet with something or someone. In this form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπιτυγχάνω is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen', 'to obtain', or 'to meet'. The prefix ἐπί intensifies or directs the action of the verb.

G2507

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-thee-ree-MEH-naiss

Translations: (to) taken down, (to) pulled down, (to) destroyed, (to) demolished

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been taken down' or 'having been demolished'. It describes something that has undergone the action of being taken down, pulled down, or destroyed. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun to indicate that the noun has been subjected to this action.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡΗΜΕΝΑΙΣ, ΚΑΤΕΣΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΑΙΣ

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ke-LEH-yoo-eh-toh

Translations: he was exhorting, he was encouraging, he was urging, he was admonishing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'παρακελεύομαι'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was exhorting, encouraging, or urging another person or group. It implies a continuous effort to persuade or motivate.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ

G0325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nek-TIS-thay-sahn

Translations: they were rebuilt, they were restored

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'again' or 'up', and κτίζω (ktizo), meaning 'to build' or 'to create'. In this form, it means 'to be rebuilt' or 'to be restored'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that something was built again or brought back to its former state. It is typically used in a passive sense, meaning the subject received the action of being rebuilt.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀνακτίζω is derived from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb κτίζω (ktizo), meaning 'to build' or 'to create'. The root κτίζω comes from an older Greek word related to establishing or founding.

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-yah

Translations: Samaria

Notes: Samaria refers to both a city and a region in ancient Palestine, located in the central part of the land of Israel. It was the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel after the division of the united monarchy. The people of Samaria, known as Samaritans, had a complex relationship with the Jews.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It was named after Shemer, the owner of the hill on which the city was built by King Omri.

G4658

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sky-THOH-po-lees

Translations: Scythopolis

Notes: Scythopolis was an ancient city in the Decapolis region, located in the Jordan Valley. It was originally known as Beth Shean in Hebrew and was later renamed Scythopolis by the Greeks. The name is a compound word, meaning 'city of the Scythians', though the exact reason for this name is debated. It was a significant Hellenistic city and a member of the Decapolis, a group of ten cities in the eastern Roman Empire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name Σκυθόπολις (Scythopolis) is a compound of two Greek words: Σκύθης (Skýthēs), meaning 'Scythian', and πόλις (pólis), meaning 'city'. The city was originally known as Beth Shean in Hebrew. The reason for the Greek renaming to 'City of the Scythians' is uncertain, with theories ranging from a Scythian garrison being stationed there to a misinterpretation of the original name.

G438

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-thay-DOHN

Translations: Anthedon

Notes: Anthedon was an ancient city located on the coast of Philistia, near Gaza. It is mentioned in historical texts, particularly by Josephus, as a place that was rebuilt or involved in conflicts during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this geographical location.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name Anthedon is of Greek origin, likely derived from words related to flowers or blooming, possibly referring to a fertile or pleasant location.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-REE-sah

Translations: Marisa

Notes: Marisa is a proper noun, likely referring to a specific place or person. In ancient texts, proper nouns like this are used to identify unique entities, similar to how names of cities or individuals are used today. Without further context, its exact identity (e.g., a city, a region, or a person's name) cannot be definitively determined, but it functions as a unique identifier.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The etymology of 'Marisa' is uncertain in this context. It may be of Semitic origin, possibly related to Aramaic or Hebrew, given its appearance in ancient texts that often interact with Semitic cultures. It could refer to a specific location or a personal name.

G1047

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zah

Translations: treasure, a treasure, treasury, riches

Notes: This word refers to a store of valuable things, such as money, precious metals, or other goods, often accumulated by a king or in a temple. It can also refer to the place where such valuables are kept, a treasury. It is used in sentences to denote wealth or a collection of valuable items.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΑΖΑ is of Persian origin, likely entering Greek through Aramaic. It refers to royal treasure or a treasury.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pei-THOH-meh-NOHN

Translations: of those being persuaded, of those obeying, of those yielding, of those trusting, of those being convinced

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'peithō'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. In the middle voice, it means 'to be persuaded' or 'to obey', indicating that the subject is acting upon themselves or for their own benefit. In the passive voice, it means 'to be convinced' or 'to be persuaded' by someone else. As a genitive plural, it often functions to describe the possessor or the source of something, or it can be used in a genitive absolute construction to indicate a circumstance or cause.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-kay-THEE-nay

Translations: to be inhabited, to be dwelt in, to be lived in

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive of the verb 'οἰκέω' (oikeō). It means 'to be inhabited' or 'to be dwelt in'. It describes a place or dwelling that is occupied or lived in by someone or something. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun, expressing the action of being inhabited.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΕΝΟΙΚΕΙΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. The verb 'οἰκέω' means 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', and this form is its passive infinitive.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EH-bahy-neh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it resulted, it turned out, it befell, it coincided, it agreed

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'symbainō'. It describes an action that was happening continuously or repeatedly in the past, or an event that occurred in the past. It often translates to 'it happened' or 'it came to pass', indicating that something was occurring or resulting from a previous action or circumstance. It can also mean 'to agree' or 'to coincide'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: eh-RAY-moos

Translations: desolate, deserted, solitary, lonely, wilderness, desert, a wilderness, a desert

Notes: This word describes something that is desolate, deserted, or solitary. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, meaning 'desolate' or 'lonely'. It can also function as a noun itself, referring to a 'wilderness' or 'deserted place'. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative plural, referring to 'desolate places' or 'deserts'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΕΡΗΜΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΡΗΜΟΣ (erēmos) comes from a pre-Greek word, possibly related to the concept of being 'empty' or 'alone'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nas

Translations: having become, having come to pass, having happened, having arisen, having been made, having been created

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the result or state of something having come into existence or having taken place. For example, it could be used to describe 'things that have happened' or 'events that have come to pass.'

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Accusative Case, Feminine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΤΑΣ

G1228

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ah-PRAX-ah-meh-nos

Translations: having accomplished, having performed, having done, having achieved, having carried out

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. It describes an action that has been thoroughly completed or brought to a successful conclusion. It is used to indicate that someone has finished or carried out a task, deed, or plan.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1904, G303, G1519

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-an-EYE-sin

Translations: they return, they will return, they go back, they will go back, they come back, they will come back

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prepositions ἐπί (epi, 'upon' or 'again'), ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'back'), and the verb εἶμι (eimi, 'to go' or 'to come'). It means 'they return' or 'they go/come back'. It describes a movement back to a previous place or state, often with the nuance of going up or back upon something.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ὙΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G2901

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kra-TOO-non-tos

Translations: strengthening, making strong, confirming, establishing, prevailing, of strengthening, of making strong, of confirming, of establishing, of prevailing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'kratynō', meaning to strengthen, make strong, confirm, or establish. It describes an action of making something firm or powerful. In this form, it functions adjectivally or adverbially, indicating someone or something that is in the process of strengthening or confirming.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΩ, ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ

G1291

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-pres-BEV-eh-teh

Translations: negotiates, mediates, treats with, sends an embassy through

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'between', and the verb 'πρεσβεύω' (presbeuō), meaning 'to be an ambassador' or 'to act as an elder'. The word means to negotiate, mediate, or treat with someone, often by sending an embassy or acting as an intermediary. It describes the action of conducting diplomatic relations or discussions through a representative.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΠΡΑΤΤΩ

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-gih-NOH-skeen

Translations: to know with, to be conscious of, to be aware of, to pardon, to excuse, to forgive

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It signifies knowing something in common with someone, or being conscious of something. In a moral sense, it can mean to be aware of one's own faults, or to show understanding and pardon to others. It is often used in contexts of acknowledging, excusing, or forgiving.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. The root γινώσκω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: deh-OH-meh-nos

Translations: begging, imploring, praying, asking, entreating, one who begs, he who begs

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'δέομαι' (deomai), meaning 'to beg,' 'to implore,' or 'to pray.' It describes someone who is in the act of making an earnest request or supplication. It can be translated as 'begging,' 'imploring,' or 'praying,' and often functions as a substantive, meaning 'one who begs' or 'he who begs,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΩΝ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-dee-DOOS

Translations: handing over, delivering, giving up, betraying, committing, entrusting, transmitting

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'paradidomi'. It describes the action of 'handing over' or 'delivering' something or someone. Depending on the context, it can mean to deliver into custody, to give up, to betray, to commit or entrust something to someone, or to transmit traditions or teachings. It implies a transfer of responsibility, possession, or information.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G2068

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-ROO-mah-tohn

Translations: (of) fortifications, (of) strongholds, (of) bulwarks, (of) defenses

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'eryma', meaning a fortification, stronghold, or bulwark. It refers to a place or structure that provides defense or protection. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'the strength of the fortifications' or 'from the strongholds'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑΤΩΝ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΩΝ, ΤΕΙΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΡΥΜΑ (eryma) comes from the verb ἐρύω (eryō), meaning 'to draw, drag, pull', but also 'to protect, guard'. Thus, it refers to something drawn around for protection or a place of defense.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-KAP-sen

Translations: demolished, razed, destroyed, tore down, overthrew

Notes: This verb means to demolish, raze, or tear down completely. It implies a thorough destruction, often of structures or cities. It is used to describe the act of utterly destroying something, leaving it in ruins.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΞΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σκάπτω (skaptō), meaning 'to dig' or 'to excavate'. Thus, it literally means 'to dig down' or 'to dig up', leading to the sense of demolishing or razing.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-THOO-sees

Translations: having come, of having come, of coming, of going

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive, often translated as 'of her having come' or 'when she had come'. It is used to describe the action of someone or something feminine that has arrived or gone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5426

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PHROH-neh-ee

Translations: was thinking, was minding, was setting one's mind on, was being minded, was understanding, was considering

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone 'was thinking,' 'was minding,' or 'was setting their mind on' something. It often implies a continuous state of mind, attitude, or way of thinking.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΔΙΑΝΟΕΟΜΑΙ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, strength, power, might, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word can refer to the city of Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire. It can also mean 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might,' referring to physical or moral force. In the context of strength, it describes the inherent ability or vigor to accomplish something. It can be used to describe the strength of a person, an animal, or even a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥώμη (rhōmē) meaning 'strength' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). The city name 'Rome' (Ῥώμη) is thought to be derived from this word, implying 'the city of strength' or 'the strong city'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-oh-MEH-nohn

Translations: of having, of holding, of possessing, of being near, of being next, of those having, of those holding, of those possessing, of those being near, of those being next

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ἔχω (echō), which means 'to have,' 'to hold,' or 'to possess.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or being near. In this form, it refers to 'those who are having' or 'those who are holding,' often implying proximity or possession.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-khor-EE-sen

Translations: conceded, granted, permitted, allowed

Notes: This is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ (sygchōreō), meaning 'to concede, grant, or permit'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject. It is often used in contexts where someone yields to a request, allows something to happen, or agrees to a proposal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΧΩΡΕΩ (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, advance, or contain'. Thus, it literally means 'to make room with' or 'to go along with', leading to the sense of conceding or granting.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-KSEE-oo

Translations: was thinking worthy, was deeming worthy, was demanding, was asking, was requesting, was claiming, was expecting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or repeatedly considering something worthy, or making a request or demand. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a belief that one has a right to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

G1305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-oh-kee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having managed, having administered, having governed, having arranged, having settled, having put in order

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διοικέω', meaning 'to manage', 'to administer', or 'to govern'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often translated as 'having managed' or 'having administered'. It implies taking charge of affairs, organizing, or settling matters.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΗΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΙΕΘΕΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΗΘΕΙΣ

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: SKHAY-son-tah

Translations: will have, going to have, about to have, those who will have, the ones who are going to have

Notes: This word is a future active participle derived from the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that will perform the action of having or holding in the future. It indicates an action that is anticipated or intended to occur.

Inflection: Future, Active, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΗΨΟΝΤΑΙ, ΚΤΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-eh-DREE-ah

Translations: council, a council, assembly, a session, a sitting, a seat

Notes: This word refers to a formal gathering or assembly, often for deliberation or judgment, such as a council or a court. It can also refer to the act of sitting together or a place where people sit together. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἕδρα' (a seat or sitting).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting.' The word literally means 'a sitting together.'

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-sas

Translations: having appointed, having established, having set up, having made, having constituted

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating the subject has 'appointed,' 'established,' 'set up,' or 'constituted' something or someone. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can often be translated with a clause like 'the one who appointed' or 'when he had appointed.'

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-sas

Translations: you know, you have known

Notes: ἸΣΑΣ is an inflected form of the verb ΟἸΔΑ, meaning 'to know' or 'to have known'. This particular form is the second person singular perfect active indicative, meaning 'you know' or 'you have known'. It refers to a state of knowing that results from a past act of perceiving or learning, often implying a deep or intuitive understanding rather than mere factual acquaintance.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G1268

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-NEH-mee-meh

Translations: distributed, divided, apportioned

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to assign'. The compound verb διανέμω means to distribute, divide, or apportion something among people or groups. It is used to describe the act of giving out shares or portions, often in a systematic or formal manner.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΝΕΜΩ

Etymology: The word διανέμω is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to assign'. The root νέμω is related to the concept of pasturage and management, evolving to mean distribution or allocation.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G4176

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-po-li-TEV-on-toh

Translations: they were living as citizens, they were conducting themselves, they were behaving, they were governing, they were administering

Notes: This word describes the act of living as a citizen, participating in civic life, or conducting oneself in a particular way within a community or society. It can also refer to governing or administering affairs. The form provided indicates an ongoing action in the past, meaning 'they were living as citizens' or 'they were conducting themselves'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΓΩ, ΖΑΩ

Etymology: The word comes from Ancient Greek πολῑτεύω (polīteúō), meaning 'to be a citizen, to live as a citizen, to govern'. It is derived from πολίτης (polítēs, 'citizen'), which in turn comes from πόλις (pólis, 'city-state').

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G4002

Part of Speech: Ordinal Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: PEM-p-ton

Translations: fifth, a fifth

Notes: This word means 'fifth' and is used to denote the ordinal position in a sequence. It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate that it is the fifth in a series. For example, it could refer to 'the fifth day' or 'the fifth person'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word ΠΕΜΠΤΟΣ (pemptos) is derived from the cardinal number πέντε (pente), meaning 'five'. It follows a common pattern for forming ordinal numbers in Greek.

G1413

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-nas-TEH-ee-as

Translations: of power, of dominion, of might, of authority, of rule, of a dynasty

Notes: This word refers to power, dominion, or authority, often implying a position of rule or a dynasty. It describes the inherent ability to exert control or influence. It is used in contexts where strength, might, or a ruling force is being discussed.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'δυναστεία' (dynasteia) comes from 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It refers to the state or quality of having power or dominion.

G0704

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-toh-krah-TEE-ah

Translations: aristocracy, an aristocracy

Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (ARISTOS), meaning 'best', and 'ΚΡΑΤΟΣ' (KRATOS), meaning 'power' or 'rule'. It refers to a form of government where power is held by a small, privileged, ruling class, often based on birth, wealth, or perceived superiority. It can also refer to the ruling class itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΑΡΧΙΑ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΡΙΣΤΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ' is a compound of 'ἄριστος' (áristos, 'best') and 'κράτος' (krátos, 'power', 'rule'). It literally means 'rule of the best'.

G1289