2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5403

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: foy-NEE-kays

Translations: of Phoenicia

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Phoenicia, an ancient civilization situated on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the region or its people, often in a geographical or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'the province of Phoenicia'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word Φοινίκη (Phoinikē) is derived from the Greek word φοῖνιξ (phoinix), which can refer to the date palm tree or the color purple-red. The region was known for its purple dye production and its date palms.

G4270

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pro-ek-PEM-psas

Translations: having sent forth beforehand, having dispatched in advance, having sent out ahead

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb προεκπέμπω (proekpempō), meaning 'to send forth beforehand' or 'to dispatch in advance'. As a participle, it describes an action completed prior to the main verb's action, often indicating the means or circumstance. It is a compound word formed from the prefixes πρό (pro, 'before'), ἐκ (ek, 'out'), and the verb πέμπω (pempō, 'to send').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΠΕΜΨΑΣ, ΕΚΠΕΜΨΑΣ

Etymology: The root verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempō) means 'to send' or 'to conduct'. It is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to send' or 'to lead'. The prefixes πρό (pro) means 'before' or 'in front of', and ἐκ (ek) means 'out of' or 'from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STRA-tos

Translations: army, an army, host, camp, a camp

Notes: This word refers to an army, a host of people, or a military camp. It is typically used to describe a large organized body of soldiers or a place where they are encamped. It can also refer more broadly to a multitude or a large group.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to spread out' or 'to encamp,' referring to the way an army spreads out or sets up camp.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G4540

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-ray-TEE-doss

Translations: of a Samaritan woman, of Samaria, of the Samaritan region

Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to Samaria or a Samaritan woman. It is often used to describe the region of Samaria or to identify a female inhabitant of that region. It is a compound word derived from 'Samaria' and a suffix indicating origin or belonging.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From Σαμάρεια (Samareia), the name of the city and region, and the suffix -ιτις (-itis) indicating origin or belonging, specifically for a female.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G0737

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GOHN

Translations: contest, struggle, fight, race, a contest, a struggle, a fight, a race

Notes: This word refers to a gathering, especially for a contest or struggle. It can denote a physical struggle, a race, a battle, or a more general conflict or struggle in life. It is often used in the context of athletic games or a spiritual struggle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΠΑΛΗ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, to bring, to drive'. The noun refers to a gathering or assembly, particularly for a competition or struggle.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: trees-MY-ree-oos

Translations: thirty thousand

Notes: This word is a compound numeral meaning 'thirty thousand'. It is formed from 'τρίς' (thrice) and 'μύριοι' (ten thousand). It functions as an adjective, describing a quantity of thirty thousand. For example, it could be used to say 'thirty thousand men' or 'thirty thousand talents'.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Koine Greek word ΤΡΙΣ (tris), meaning 'thrice' or 'three times', and ΜΥΡΙΟΙ (myrioi), meaning 'ten thousand'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-THROI-zon-toh

Translations: they were gathered, they were assembling, they were collecting

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect tense, middle/passive voice, third person plural. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past where a group of people or things were being gathered, assembled, or collected together. It implies a process rather than a completed action.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀθροίζω (athroizō) comes from the Greek word ἄθροος (athroos), meaning 'crowded, in a mass, all together,' which is related to ἀ- (a-), a prefix indicating 'together,' and θρόος (throos), meaning 'noise, clamor,' or possibly related to θρόνος (thronos), meaning 'seat' or 'assembly place.'

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-sah

Translations: being, existing, that is, who is, a being, the one being

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. It is used to qualify a noun, often translated as 'being', 'existing', or 'that is/who is'. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and can be either nominative or accusative, depending on its role in the sentence.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΗ

G5056, G5055

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: TEH-lee

Translations: ends, taxes, customs, outcomes, goals, fulfillments, rites, ceremonies, perfectings; finish, complete, pay, perform

Notes: The word ΤΕΛΗ can be an inflected form of the noun ΤΕΛΟΣ (telos), meaning 'end, goal, outcome, tax, or fulfillment'. In this case, it would be the nominative or accusative plural. It can also be an inflected form of the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleō), meaning 'to finish, complete, pay, or perform'. In this case, it would be the second person singular present active imperative or the third person singular present active subjunctive.

Inflection: Noun: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter; Verb: Second Person Singular, Present, Active, Imperative; or Third Person Singular, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΦΟΡΟΣ

G3697

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: op-li-ti-KOO

Translations: of a hoplite, of heavy-armed soldiers, of infantry, of the hoplite force

Notes: This word refers to something belonging to or characteristic of a hoplite, which was a heavily armed infantry soldier in ancient Greece. It is used to describe things related to these soldiers or their military force.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΙΚΟΥ, ΠΕΖΙΚΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'ὅπλον' (hoplon), meaning 'tool, implement, weapon, armor', referring to the heavy armor and shield carried by these soldiers.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-koo-ree-KAH

Translations: auxiliary, helpful, assisting, allied, mercenary

Notes: This word describes something that provides aid, help, or support. It can refer to troops or forces that are brought in to assist, often implying mercenary or allied forces. It is used here in the neuter plural form, likely referring to 'things' or 'matters' that are auxiliary or helpful.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΥΜΜΑΧΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ἐπίκουρος (epikouros), meaning 'helper' or 'ally', which itself comes from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition') and κούρος (kouros, 'boy, young man', often implying a servant or helper).

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-ge-MOH-nes

Translations: rulers, governors, leaders, commanders, a ruler, a governor, a leader, a commander

Notes: This word refers to those who hold a position of authority or leadership, such as a governor, a commander, or a chief. It is often used in the context of political or military leadership. It is the plural form of the noun.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΗΓΕΜΩΝ comes from the Greek verb ἥγημαι (hēgēmai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. It refers to one who leads or guides others.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G4724

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: sta-LEES

Translations: sent, having been sent, being sent

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'στέλλω' (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. As a passive participle, it describes someone or something that has been sent or is in the state of being sent. It functions similarly to an adjective or an adverb in a sentence, modifying a noun or describing the circumstances of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΦΘΕΙΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΛΕΙΣ

G4844

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: SOOM-ma-khos

Translations: ally, a confederate, a helper, a fellow-combatant, allied, confederate

Notes: This word can function as both a noun and an adjective. As a noun, it refers to an ally, a confederate, or someone who fights alongside another. As an adjective, it describes something or someone as allied or confederate. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μάχη' (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. Thus, it literally means 'fighting together'. It is used to describe those who join forces or provide assistance in a conflict or endeavor.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΒΟΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΜΑΧΟΣ is derived from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It describes someone who joins in battle or struggle with another.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G499

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GOH-non

Translations: Antigonus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Antigonus, a common name among Hellenistic kings and generals, particularly Antigonus I Monophthalmus, one of Alexander the Great's generals, or his grandson Antigonus II Gonatas. It is used to refer to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antigonus is of Greek origin, derived from 'anti' (against, in return for) and 'gonos' (offspring, birth). It means 'instead of a father' or 'worthy of one's father'.

G0851

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-feh-LOH-meh-nos

Translations: taking away, removing, cutting off, depriving, having taken away, having removed

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ἀφαιρέω' (aphairéō), meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and often functions adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of another action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun. It implies an action of separation or deprivation.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ἈΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-DEIKH-then-tah

Translations: shown, demonstrated, appointed, declared, proved, made manifest, exhibited

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb ἀποδείκνυμι (apodeiknymi), meaning 'to show forth, demonstrate, appoint, or declare'. It describes something that has been shown, proved, or appointed. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΕΙΓΜΕΝΑ, ΠΕΦΑΝΕΡΩΜΕΝΑ, ΚΑΘΕΣΤΑΜΕΝΑ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, strength, power, might, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word can refer to the city of Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire. It can also mean 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might,' referring to physical or moral force. In the context of strength, it describes the inherent ability or vigor to accomplish something. It can be used to describe the strength of a person, an animal, or even a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥώμη (rhōmē) meaning 'strength' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). The city name 'Rome' (Ῥώμη) is thought to be derived from this word, implying 'the city of strength' or 'the strong city'.

G4165

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-on

Translations: enemy, hostile, an enemy, a hostile thing, adversary

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is hostile, adversarial, or an enemy. It is often used to refer to an opponent in conflict or someone who is unfriendly. It can be used substantively to mean 'an enemy' or 'an adversary'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόλεμος (polemos), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. Thus, it refers to that which pertains to war or an enemy.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1378

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOG-ma

Translations: decree, an ordinance, doctrine, a doctrine, dogma, a dogma

Notes: This word refers to an official decree, an ordinance, or a settled principle or doctrine. It can be used to describe a public edict issued by an authority, or a religious or philosophical teaching that is considered authoritative. In a sentence, it might refer to a king's decree or a set of religious beliefs.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: The word "dogma" comes from the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning "to seem, to think, to appear." It originally referred to that which seems good or is thought to be true, evolving to mean an opinion, then a public decree or an established doctrine.

G2054

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-ri-dos

Translations: (of) strife, (of) contention, (of) discord

Notes: This word refers to a state of conflict, disagreement, or rivalry. It describes a situation where there is a strong difference of opinion or a struggle for superiority. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of strife' or 'belonging to contention'. It is frequently used in contexts describing quarrels, disputes, or divisions among people.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΦΙΛΟΝΕΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΡΙΣ (eris) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is an ancient Greek word that has been used since Homeric times to denote strife, discord, or contention.

G4840

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: sym-PAN-tos

Translations: of all, of the whole, of the entire, of everything

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective "σύμπας" (sympas), meaning "all together," "the whole," or "entire." It is a compound word formed from "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and "πᾶς" (pas), meaning "all" or "every." As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated as "of all" or "of the whole." It can refer to the entirety of a group, quantity, or concept.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΣ, ΟΛΟΥ

Etymology: The word "σύμπας" (sympas) is a compound of the preposition "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and the adjective "πᾶς" (pas), meaning "all" or "every." It literally means "all with" or "all together."

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ee-throys-MEH-noo

Translations: (of) gathered, (of) assembled, (of) collected

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been gathered' or 'having been assembled'. It describes something or someone that has been brought together or collected. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used adverbially to describe the circumstances of an action.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΓΜΕΝΟΥ, ΣΥΝΗΘΡΟΙΣΜΕΝΟΥ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

G0495

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-teh-po-LEH-moon

Translations: they were making war against, they were fighting against, they were warring against

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to make war against someone or something, or to fight back. It describes an ongoing action in the past, indicating that a group of people were engaged in a conflict or struggle against an opposing force. It is formed from 'anti' (against) and 'polemeo' (to make war).

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀντιπολεμέω (antipolemeō) is a compound of ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and πολεμέω (polemeō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to fight'.

G2638

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tay-lee-THEH-then-tes

Translations: having been overtaken, having been seized, having been apprehended, having been caught, having been laid hold of

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been overtaken' or 'having been seized'. It describes a state of having been caught or apprehended by something or someone. It is often used to indicate that someone has been overcome or surprised by an event or emotion.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-FEE-mee-zon

Translations: they were saying, they were speaking, they were declaring, they were proclaiming

Notes: This word is an imperfect active indicative verb, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they were speaking'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is often used to report what someone was saying or to indicate a general consensus or public declaration.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The root word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2162

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-fay-MEE-ah

Translations: good report, praise, a good word, commendation, a good reputation

Notes: This word refers to a good report, praise, or commendation. It can also denote a good reputation or a favorable mention. It is used to describe something that is well-spoken of or highly regarded.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΙΝΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ, ΚΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and φήμη (phēmē), meaning 'speech' or 'report'. Thus, it literally means 'good speech' or 'good report'.

G4506

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: roo-SOH-meh-noo

Translations: (of) delivering, (of) rescuing, (of) saving, (of) drawing out, (of) preserving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ῥύομαι' (rhyomai), meaning 'to deliver' or 'to rescue'. As a genitive participle, it describes the action of someone or something that is in the process of delivering or rescuing, often indicating possession or origin. It can be translated as 'of the one delivering' or 'of him who delivers', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Middle Voice, Future Tense

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΞΑΙΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0655

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-keh-WAH-san-toh

Translations: they carried off their baggage, they removed their goods, they packed up, they cleared out, they stripped

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀπο- (apo-, meaning 'away from' or 'off') and σκευάζω (skeuazō, meaning 'to prepare' or 'to equip'). In the middle voice, as seen here, it means to carry off one's own baggage or belongings, to pack up and remove one's possessions, or to clear out an area by removing all goods. It implies a deliberate act of taking away or stripping something, often in preparation for departure or to prevent something from being used by others.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix ἀπο- (apo-), meaning 'away from' or 'off', and the verb σκευάζω (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to equip'. The root σκεῦος (skeuos) refers to 'vessel, implement, or baggage'.

G3361, G3366

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MAYD

Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: khro-MEH-noy

Translations: using, employing, dealing with, having dealings with, those using, those employing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in using or dealing with something. It can refer to people who are accustomed to something or who are in the habit of doing something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From an assumed root *χρα-, meaning 'to handle, to use'.

G639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-REE-an

Translations: perplexity, a perplexity, distress, a distress, difficulty, a difficulty, embarrassment, an embarrassment, want, a want, lack, a lack

Notes: This word refers to a state of being at a loss, without resources, or in a difficult situation. It can describe a lack of means, a state of perplexity, or a feeling of being stuck without a way forward. It is often used to describe a situation of distress or a problem that is hard to solve.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΙΑ, ΑΜΗΧΑΝΙΑ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΡΙΑ (aporia) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'no way' or 'without passage/resource'.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ES-khon

Translations: they provided, they offered, they gave, they granted, they presented

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide, offer, give, grant, or present'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). It can be used in sentences to indicate that a group of individuals supplied or made something available.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, they convey the sense of 'holding out' or 'presenting from beside oneself'.

G4923

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-ee-DON

Translations: having seen, having perceived, having understood, having considered, having observed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seen' or 'having perceived'. It describes an action completed in the past that leads to a subsequent action or state. It is often used to indicate that someone has taken notice of something, understood a situation, or considered a matter before acting.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΝΟΗΣΑΣ, ΓΝΟΥΣ

G1943

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-keh-ROH-tah-toys

Translations: (to) most opportune, (to) most suitable, (to) most appropriate, (to) most timely

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the superlative adjective 'ἐπίκαιρος', meaning 'opportune' or 'suitable'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of suitability or timeliness. It describes something that is exceedingly well-timed, critical, or perfectly fitted for a particular purpose or situation. It would be used in a sentence to refer to things or people that are in the most opportune or critical places/times.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΙΩΤΑΤΟΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΩΤΑΤΟΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἐπίκαιρος' (epikairos) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'at', and 'καιρός' (kairos), meaning 'due measure, season, opportunity'. Thus, it literally refers to something 'at the right time' or 'on the occasion'.

G3027

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-LOKH-ee-zen

Translations: to lie in ambush, to set an ambush, to lie in wait

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'λοχίζω' (lochizō), meaning 'to set an ambush' or 'to lie in wait'. In its inflected form, it describes the action of setting an ambush or lying in wait, often with the implication of doing so alongside or near something. It is used to describe military tactics or any situation where someone is hidden, waiting to surprise an opponent.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΔΡΕΥΩ, ΕΝΕΔΡΕΥΩ

G2039

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-TEE-day-ah

Translations: suitable, fit, proper, convenient, necessary, useful, provisions, necessities, supplies, a provision, a necessity, a supply

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning suitable, fit, or proper. In its neuter plural form, as seen here, it often functions as a noun meaning 'provisions,' 'necessities,' or 'supplies' – things that are suitable or necessary for a particular purpose, such as food, equipment, or resources. It describes something that is appropriate or useful for a given situation or need.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΘΕΤΟΣ

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-pohn

Translations: sending, a sending, one who sends, dispatching, accompanying, escorting

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ' (pempo), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. As a participle, it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'sending' or 'one who sends', depending on the context. It can also imply accompanying or escorting someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩΝ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: The root verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ' (pempo) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from an onomatopoeic root related to movement.

G3697, G3698

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: op-li-TI-ka

Translations: hoplite, hoplite armor, hoplite equipment, hoplite forces, a hoplite

Notes: This word refers to things pertaining to a hoplite, a heavily armed foot soldier in ancient Greece. It can be used as an adjective meaning 'hoplite' or 'of a hoplite', or as a noun referring to hoplite armor, equipment, or even the hoplite forces themselves. It is a compound word derived from 'hoplon' (weapon/armor) and the suffix '-ikos' (pertaining to).

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΙΚΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΠΛΟΝ (hoplon) refers to a weapon or armor, particularly the shield of a hoplite. It is related to the verb ΟΠΛΙΖΩ (hoplizō), meaning 'to arm'. The suffix -ΙΚΑ (-ika) indicates 'pertaining to' or 'of the nature of'.

G0058

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH

Translations: marketplace, a marketplace, market, a market, public square, a public square

Notes: This word refers to a public place of assembly, typically an open space in a city or town. It was used for various purposes, including commerce (a market), legal proceedings, and general public gatherings. It is often translated as 'marketplace' or 'public square'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑ, ἘΜΠΟΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀγορά' (Agora) comes from the Greek verb 'ἀγείρω' (ageirō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. It refers to a place where people gather.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-KOH-mee-zen

Translations: was carrying together, was bringing together, was gathering, was collecting

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb κομίζω (komizo, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bring'). It describes the action of carrying or bringing things together, often implying collection or gathering. It is used to describe an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-li-GOO

Translations: of little, of few, a little, few, almost, nearly, a short time, a little while

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ὈΛΙΓΟΣ' (oligos), meaning 'little' or 'few'. As an adjective, 'ὈΛΙΓΟΥ' is typically the genitive singular masculine or neuter form, meaning 'of little' or 'of few'. It can also function adverbially, meaning 'almost' or 'nearly', indicating proximity in time, quantity, or degree. When used adverbially, it often implies 'a little more and then...' or 'just short of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΒΡΑΧΥΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noo

Translations: (of) time, time

Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.

G0078

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: af-tho-NEE-ah

Translations: abundance, plenty, a plenty, an abundance

Notes: This word refers to an ample supply or a great quantity of something, indicating a state of being plentiful or having more than enough. It is often used to describe a generous provision of resources or goods.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and φθόνος (phthonos, 'envy, grudge'). It literally means 'without envy' or 'without grudging,' implying an abundance that is given freely and without reservation.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G0316

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAI-ohn

Translations: of necessary things, of essential things, of important things, of urgent things, of indispensable things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἀναγκαῖος' (anagkaios), meaning 'necessary,' 'essential,' 'important,' or 'urgent.' It describes things that are indispensable or required. In this inflected form, it would typically be used to indicate possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' or 'belonging to' necessary or important matters.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΩΝ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΩΝ, ΕΠΕΙΓΟΝΤΩΝ

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AIR-toh

Translations: was lifted, was taken up, was carried, was raised, was removed, was borne

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action (i.e., it was being lifted or carried). It can also imply being taken away or removed. In some contexts, it can mean 'was raised' or 'was borne'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΧΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'αἴρω' (airō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- meaning 'to fit together, to lift'.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ross

Translations: of hand, of a hand, of the hand, of power, of authority, of control

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In Koine Greek, 'hand' can refer not only to the physical limb but also metaphorically to power, authority, control, or agency. When used in the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the agent by which something is done, thus translating to 'of hand' or 'by the hand of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'χείρ' (cheir) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr-, meaning 'hand'. It is related to words for hand in other Indo-European languages.

G2038

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: er-ga-ZO-me-nays

Translations: working, doing, performing, accomplishing, laboring, of working, of doing, of performing, of accomplishing, of laboring

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ergazomai', meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be used to describe someone or something that is actively engaged in a task, producing something, or bringing something about. For example, it might refer to a person who is working in a field, or a force that is accomplishing a goal.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΡΑΩ

G1700

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: em-po-DON

Translations: in the way, hindering, an obstacle, an impediment

Notes: This word is an adverbial expression meaning 'in the way' or 'as an impediment'. It is often used to describe something that obstructs progress or prevents an action from taking place. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in) and 'πούς' (foot), literally meaning 'in the feet' or 'at the feet', hence 'in the way'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (used adverbially, but derived from the genitive plural of a noun)

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΜΑ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΠΟΔΩΝ is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in) and the genitive plural of the noun ΠΟΥΣ (foot). It literally means 'in the feet' and evolved to mean 'in the way' or 'hindering'.

G2038

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: er-ga-zo-MEH-non

Translations: of those working, of those laboring, of those doing, of those performing, of those trading, of those engaged in business

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'working' or 'laboring'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in a task, job, or business. It can refer to physical labor, mental effort, or even moral action. In this genitive plural form, it refers to 'those who are working' or 'those who are laboring'.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΑΤΤΟΝΤΩΝ

G3181

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NEE-ma-ta

Translations: devices, machines, contrivances, inventions, engines, instruments, mechanisms, implements, stratagems, plots, schemes

Notes: This word refers to mechanical devices, tools, or instruments. It can also denote cunning plans, stratagems, or inventions, highlighting the ingenuity involved in their creation. It is used in the plural form.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΑ, ΟΡΓΑΝΑ, ΤΕΧΝΑΣΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mēchanē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It refers to a means, instrument, or contrivance.

G4317

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-AH-gon-tes

Translations: bringing to, leading to, offering, presenting, approaching, those who bring, when they bring

Notes: This word is a compound participle formed from 'πρός' (to, toward) and 'ἄγω' (to lead, to bring). It means to bring or lead someone or something toward a specific place or person, or to offer or present something. It can also describe the act of approaching or coming near. As a participle, it often functions as an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the sentence, such as 'those who are bringing' or 'while they were bringing'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead, to bring'. Its etymology reflects the action of leading or bringing something in the direction of something else.

G2679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-SEH-ee-on

Translations: they were shaking, they were waving, they were motioning

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb κατασείω (kataseiō). It describes an action of shaking, waving, or motioning that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It implies a downward or emphatic motion, often used to signal or command attention, such as waving a hand to silence a crowd or motioning for someone to approach.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΕΙΩ, ΝΕΥΩ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-SAIS

Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, all

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. In this form, it is used with feminine plural nouns in the dative case, often indicating the means, instrument, or indirect object.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (to protect, pasture, feed). It developed into the sense of 'all' or 'every' in Greek.

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EP-lit-ton

Translations: they were astonished, they were amazed, they were struck with wonder

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. Together, it means to strike out of one's senses, hence to astonish or amaze. It describes a strong emotional reaction, often of surprise or wonder, that can be overwhelming. It is used to describe an action that causes someone to be utterly astounded or dumbfounded.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΘΑΜΒΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-te-TECH-non-toh

Translations: they used counter-artifice, they plotted against, they used skill against

Notes: This word describes the act of using one's skill, cunning, or artifice against someone else, often in a defensive or retaliatory manner. It implies a strategic and skillful opposition, where one party employs their abilities to counteract or outmaneuver another. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against', and 'τεχνάζω' (technazo), meaning 'to use art or skill'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΤΕΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΤΙΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb τεχνάζω (technazo), meaning 'to use art, skill, or cunning'. The verb τεχνάζω itself derives from τέχνη (techne), meaning 'art, skill, craft'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pek-THEH-on-tes

Translations: rushing upon, running upon, attacking, assailing

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefixes ἐπί (upon, to) and ἐκ (out, forth) combined with the verb θέω (to run). It describes the action of running out or forth upon something or someone, often with the implication of an attack or assault. It suggests a swift and forceful movement towards a target.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΦΟΡΜΑΩ

G2675

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: hee-mee-ER-gah

Translations: half-finished works, unfinished works, half-done, incomplete

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'half' (ΗΜΙ) and 'work' (ΕΡΓΟΝ). It refers to things that are only partially completed or left unfinished. As a noun, it can mean 'half-finished works' or 'unfinished tasks'. As an adjective, it describes something as 'half-done' or 'incomplete'. It is typically used to describe projects, tasks, or efforts that have not reached their full completion.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΤΕΛΗ, ΑΤΕΛΕΣΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΗΜΙΕΡΓΟΝ is a compound of the Greek prefix ΗΜΙ- (hemi-), meaning 'half', and ΕΡΓΟΝ (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'.

G1708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eh-PIM-pra-san

Translations: they were setting on fire, they were burning up, they were burning down

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to set on fire' or 'to burn up'. It describes an action of intentionally causing something to burn. In this form, it indicates that 'they' (a group of people) were performing this action, likely repeatedly or over a period of time in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΠΟΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἐμπίπρημι (empiprēmi) is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb πίπρημι (piprēmi), meaning 'to burn'. The root πίπρημι is related to πρήθω (prēthō), also meaning 'to burn' or 'to blow up'.

G1823

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ex-eer-GAS-meh-na

Translations: worked out, accomplished, produced, performed, finished, things worked out, things accomplished

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been worked out' or 'having been accomplished'. It describes something that has been fully completed or brought to fruition through effort. It can refer to actions, results, or things that have been brought about.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξεργάζομαι is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἐργάζομαι (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to labor'. Thus, it literally means 'to work out' or 'to work thoroughly'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-ON-tes

Translations: going, coming, those who go, those who come

Notes: ἸΟΝΤΕΣ is the masculine nominative plural present active participle of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action of moving from one place to another. It can be translated as 'going' or 'coming' and often refers to 'those who are going' or 'those who are coming' in a given context.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erǵʰ-, meaning 'to go, to move'. It is a common verb for motion in Greek.

G5111, G5112

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: TOL-mas

Translations: you dare, you are bold, daring, boldness, a daring, a boldness

Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold,' or as a noun meaning 'daring' or 'boldness.' As a verb, it describes the act of having the courage or audacity to do something. As a noun, it refers to the quality or act of being daring. In the provided examples, it appears as both a verb (e.g., 'why do you dare?') and a noun (e.g., 'their daring').

Inflection: Verb: Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active; Noun: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑ

G1922

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-STAY-may

Translations: knowledge, understanding, skill, a knowledge, an understanding, a skill

Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or skill, often implying a systematic or scientific comprehension of a subject. It can be used to describe intellectual understanding, practical skill, or even divine wisdom. It is typically used in a general sense to denote the possession of information or ability.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ is derived from the verb ἐπίσταμαι (epistamai), meaning 'to know, to understand'. It is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'on, upon', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand upon' or 'to be firm in knowledge'.

G3180

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NAS

Translations: machines, devices, contrivances, schemes, plots

Notes: This word refers to a machine, device, or contrivance, often one used for a specific purpose, such as a military engine or a tool. It can also refer to a clever plan, scheme, or plot, especially one designed to achieve a particular outcome, whether good or bad. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΝΟΙΑ, ΤΕΧΝΗ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mēchanē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It is related to words signifying ability, means, or contrivance.

G0493

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-TEH-khee-zon

Translations: they built a counter-wall, they fortified against, they built fortifications against

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and 'τειχίζω' (teichizo), meaning 'to build a wall' or 'to fortify'. Therefore, 'ἀντιτειχίζω' means 'to build a wall against' or 'to fortify in opposition'. It describes the action of constructing defensive structures in response to an enemy's fortifications or advance. It is used to describe military actions where one side builds defenses to counter the other.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΑΝΤΙΦΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb τειχίζω (teichizo), meaning 'to build a wall', which itself derives from τεῖχος (teichos), meaning 'wall'.

G2040

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-REH-poh-MEH-nohn

Translations: being thrown down, being cast down, being overthrown, being ruined, being demolished, being destroyed

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being thrown down' or 'being ruined'. It describes something that is in the process of collapsing or being destroyed. It can be used to describe buildings, walls, or other structures that are falling apart or being demolished.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἐρείπω (ereipō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fall, to throw down'. It is related to words describing collapse or ruin.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G0522

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pan-TON-tes

Translations: meeting, encountering, coming to meet, going to meet, those who meet, when they meet

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπαντάω' (apantaō), meaning 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. It describes an action of meeting or coming face-to-face with someone or something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate an ongoing action of meeting or encountering.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΥΠΑΝΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπαντάω (apantaō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀντάω (antaō), meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite to'. The combination suggests the action of meeting someone who is coming from a different direction.

G3329

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-tal-LEU-seh-sin

Translations: (to) mining operations, (in) mining operations, (with) mining operations, (to) mines, (in) mines, (with) mines

Notes: This word refers to mining operations or the act of working in mines. It is used to describe activities related to extracting minerals from the earth. In a sentence, it would typically indicate the location or means by which something is done, such as 'they fought in the mining operations' or 'they encountered difficulties with the mining operations'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΥΓΜΑΤΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΙ

G1264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-MAH-khon-toh

Translations: they contended, they fought, they disputed, they struggled

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb μάχομαι (machomai), meaning 'to fight'. Therefore, it means to fight or contend thoroughly, or to dispute vehemently. It describes an action where multiple people are engaged in a struggle or argument.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΙΖΩ

G0657

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-NOY-ah

Translations: despair, a despair, recklessness, madness, desperation

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a state of mind characterized by extreme desperation, recklessness, or madness. It implies a loss of hope or reason, leading to rash or dangerous actions. It can be used to describe someone who has given up and acts without regard for consequences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΛΠΙΣΙΑ, ἈΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ἀπόνοια (aponoia) is derived from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and νοῦς (nous, 'mind, intellect'). It literally means 'away from mind' or 'loss of mind', hence 'madness' or 'despair'.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-on

Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides

Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.

G4307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-mee-THEH-yah

Translations: providence, foresight, forethought, provision, care, a providence, a foresight, a forethought, a provision, a care

Notes: This word refers to foresight, forethought, or the act of making provision for the future. It can also denote divine providence or the careful planning and provision of God. It describes the act of looking ahead and preparing for what is to come, often implying a benevolent or protective oversight.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑ, ΠΡΟΒΛΕΨΙΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb προμηθέομαι (promēthéomai), meaning 'to foresee, to take thought beforehand', which is a compound of πρό (pro, 'before') and μανθάνω (manthanō, 'to learn, to understand').

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-li-PAH-roon

Translations: they were earnestly entreating, they were persistently begging, they were importuning

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition,' and the verb ΛΙΠΑΡΕΩ (lipareō), meaning 'to persist, entreat earnestly.' The combined meaning is to earnestly or persistently entreat, beg, or importune someone. It describes an action of continuous and insistent pleading.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

G2078

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ES-kha-ton

Translations: last, the last, a last

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ἔσχατος' (eschatos), meaning 'last' or 'uttermost'. It describes something that is at the very end, whether in time, order, or degree. It can be used to refer to the final point, the lowest state, or the most extreme condition. In the provided text, 'ΤΟΥ̓ΣΧΑΤΟΝ' appears to be a misspelling or a garbled form of 'τὸ ἔσχατον' (to eschaton), which means 'the last thing' or 'the end'. The coronis (̓) on the upsilon suggests an elision, but the combination 'ΤΟΥ̓ΣΧΑΤΟΝ' is not a standard Koine Greek word or crasis. It is most likely a transcription error for 'τὸ ἔσχατον'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΠΙΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah-LOO

Translations: (of) great, (of) a great, (to) great, (to) a great, great things

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great,' 'large,' 'big,' or 'mighty.' It is used to describe something of significant size, importance, or intensity. It can refer to physical size, but also to status, power, or quantity. For example, it might describe a great king, a large city, or a great amount of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ

G3916

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-kah-THEE-meh-noo

Translations: of sitting around, of besieging, of being besieged

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from περί (peri, 'around') and καθῆμαι (kathēmai, 'to sit'). It means 'to sit around' or 'to sit about'. In a military context, it specifically refers to 'besieging' or 'laying siege to' a city or place, implying surrounding it with troops. It can also be used in a more general sense of simply being seated around something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΕΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: SFAHS

Translations: unknown, possibly a fragment

Notes: This word appears to be a fragment or a misspelling of a Koine Greek word. It is not a complete word on its own. Based on the provided examples, it might be part of a proper noun like 'ΜΑΣΦΑΣΣΑΤ' (Masphassat), which is a place name, or a truncation of a word like 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάγιον' (safe sacrifice) or 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάλλω' (to make safe from stumbling). Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and usage are unclear. It is highly probable that this is a typo or an incomplete word.

Inflection: Unknown

G5003

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tah-lai-po-ROO-meh-noi

Translations: suffering hardship, enduring affliction, being distressed, being miserable, toiling, being worn out

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'suffering hardship' or 'being distressed'. It describes someone who is enduring difficulties, toiling, or being worn out by circumstances. It is a compound word formed from 'τάλας' (talas), meaning 'wretched' or 'unhappy', and 'πωρέω' (pōreō), related to 'πόρος' (poros), meaning 'passage' or 'resource', but here implying 'to be worn out' or 'to be hard-pressed'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΜΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ (talaipōreō) is derived from the adjective ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΣ (talaipōros), meaning 'wretched' or 'miserable'. This adjective is a compound of ΤΑΛΑΣ (talas), meaning 'wretched' or 'unhappy', and a root related to ΠΩΡΟΣ (pōros), which can mean 'hard skin' or 'callus', implying a state of being worn out or hardened by suffering.

G4709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spa-NEH-ee

Translations: scarcity, lack, want, a scarcity, a lack, a want

Notes: This word refers to a state of scarcity, lack, or want, particularly of essential resources like food or water. It describes a situation where something is not available in sufficient quantities. It is typically used in contexts describing a shortage or deficiency.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΕΙΑ, ΑΠΟΡΙΑ, ΕΛΛΕΙΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΠΑΝΙΣ (spanis) is derived from the adjective σπάνιος (spanios), meaning 'rare' or 'scarce'.

G2039

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-TAY-dee-ohn

Translations: (of) necessities, (of) provisions, (of) supplies, (of) things necessary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'suitable' or 'fit for use'. In its plural form, especially in the genitive case as seen here, it is often used substantively to refer to 'things that are necessary' or 'provisions' and 'supplies' for life, such as food or other essential items. It describes what is needed or appropriate for a particular purpose or situation.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΚΑΙΩΝ, ΧΡΕΙΑΣ, ΠΟΡΙΣΜΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb τηδέω (tēdeō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to provide'. It refers to what is suitable or provided for a purpose.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eb-doh-ma-ti-KON

Translations: weekly, a weekly thing, of the seventh day, of the seventh week

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'weekly' or 'pertaining to the seventh'. It describes something that occurs or relates to a week or the seventh day/period. For example, it could describe a weekly event or a seventh-day observance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is derived from the Koine Greek word 'ἑβδομάς' (hebdomas), meaning 'a period of seven days, a week', which itself comes from 'ἕβδομος' (hebdomos), meaning 'seventh'.

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-BAH-ee-noo-sin

Translations: they go up, they ascend, they come up, they climb, they embark

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἈΝΑ (ANA), meaning 'up' or 'upwards,' and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (BAINO), meaning 'to go' or 'to step.' Therefore, it literally means 'to go up' or 'to ascend.' It is commonly used to describe movement upwards, such as climbing a mountain, going up to a city (especially Jerusalem, which was often on higher ground), or embarking onto a ship.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loh-GAH-des

Translations: picked men, chosen men, select men

Notes: This word refers to men who have been specifically chosen or selected, often for a particular task or group, implying they are the best or most suitable for that purpose. It is a plural noun, indicating a group of such men.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΙ, ΕΠΙΛΕΚΤΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΛΟΓΑΔΗ is derived from the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to pick, to choose, to gather'. It refers to those who have been 'picked out' or 'selected'.

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

G1543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: heh-kah-ton-TAR-khoi

Translations: centurions, a centurion

Notes: This word refers to military officers in the Roman army who commanded a unit of approximately one hundred soldiers, known as a century. It is a compound word formed from 'hundred' and 'ruler' or 'chief'. In the New Testament, centurions are often depicted in a positive light, showing faith or compassion.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΙ, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of Ancient Greek 'ἑκατόν' (hekatón), meaning 'hundred', and 'ἄρχων' (árchōn), meaning 'ruler' or 'commander'.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-REH-thay

Translations: was taken away, was lifted up, was carried away, was removed, was destroyed

Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist, passive, indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action, meaning 'it was taken away' or 'it was lifted up'. It can be used in contexts where something is removed, destroyed, or elevated.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G1225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-BAH-len

Translations: slandered, accused, denounced, defamed

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'διαβάλλω' (diaballō), meaning 'to slander,' 'to accuse,' or 'to denounce.' It describes the act of speaking maliciously or falsely about someone, often with the intent to harm their reputation or turn others against them. It can be used in contexts where someone is being brought into disrepute or charged with wrongdoing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΣΥΚΟΦΑΝΤΕΩ

G3402

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEE-sos

Translations: hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to the strong feeling of intense dislike or ill will towards someone or something. It is often used to describe animosity or enmity. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, for example, 'their hatred' or 'he felt hatred'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΑΠΕΧΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΟΣ comes from the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G4231

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: prahg-mah-TEH-oo-oh-meh-nos

Translations: doing business, trading, working, being engaged in, occupying oneself with, endeavoring, striving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'pragmateuomai'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in an activity, often related to business, trade, or diligent work. It can also imply an effort or striving towards a goal. In a sentence, it would function similarly to an English present participle, describing an ongoing action of the subject.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G4933

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EH-foo-gon

Translations: fled together, took refuge, escaped together, gathered for refuge

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb φεύγω (pheugō, meaning 'to flee'). It means 'to flee together,' 'to take refuge together,' or 'to escape together.' It describes a situation where multiple individuals or a group collectively seek safety by fleeing to a common place or escaping a shared danger. It is used in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΕΥΓΩ

G1167

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DAY-san-tes

Translations: fearing, having feared, being afraid, having been afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having feared" or "being afraid." It describes an action that happened in the past and resulted in a state of fear. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as a clause (e.g., "those who feared" or "when they feared"). It is often used to describe the state of someone who has experienced fear.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΙ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G2005

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-LEIN

Translations: to complete, to finish, to perform, to accomplish, to carry out, to execute, to bring to an end

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἘΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ. It means to bring something to completion, to finish a task, or to perform an action. It implies carrying out a duty or fulfilling a purpose, often with the sense of bringing it to a successful conclusion. It can be used in contexts where one is commanded or expected to perform certain actions or duties.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleo), meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete'. Thus, it literally means 'to finish upon' or 'to bring to completion'.

G4243

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pres-BEV-on-tai

Translations: they are ambassadors, they act as ambassadors, they are being sent as ambassadors, they are being entreated

Notes: This word is the third person plural, present tense, middle or passive voice of the verb 'πρεσβεύω' (presbeuō). It means 'to be an ambassador,' 'to act as an ambassador,' or 'to be an elder.' In the passive voice, it can mean 'to be entreated' or 'to be sent as an ambassador.' It describes a group of people performing the action of being or acting as representatives, or being the recipients of an entreaty or being sent.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ, ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-TREP-sai

Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit, to give permission

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἘΠΙΤΡΈΠΩ'. It means to give permission, to allow, or to entrust something to someone. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or a task is committed to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΦΊΗΜΙ, ΔΊΔΩΜΙ, ἘΆΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΤΡΈΠΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΤΡΈΠΩ (trepo), meaning 'to turn'. Together, they convey the idea of turning something over to someone or allowing something to turn in a certain direction.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOON-tes

Translations: exhorting, comforting, encouraging, appealing, beseeching, entreating, inviting, calling upon, a comforter, an encourager

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'παρακαλέω'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the process of exhorting, comforting, encouraging, or appealing to others. It can function adjectivally (e.g., 'the comforting ones') or adverbially (e.g., 'while comforting').

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΝΘΑΡΡΥΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1749

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-DOH-son-ton

Translations: about to give in, about to yield, about to surrender, about to grant

Notes: This word is a future active participle, indicating an action that is about to happen or is intended to happen. It describes someone or something that is on the verge of giving in, yielding, or surrendering. It can also imply granting or conceding something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'those who are about to give in' or 'of those who are about to give in' depending on the case.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Future Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΚΩ

Etymology: The word ἐνδίδωμι (endidōmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into,' and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give.' Thus, it literally means 'to give in' or 'to give into,' leading to its sense of yielding or surrendering.

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-khor-EH-ee

Translations: he was allowing, he was granting, he was conceding, he was permitting

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ (synchōreō). It means 'he/she/it was allowing', 'granting', 'conceding', or 'permitting'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was giving permission or making a concession.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΧΩΡΕΩ (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to make room together' or 'to go along with', leading to the sense of allowing or conceding.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NO-meh-non

Translations: being, becoming, happening, occurring, a thing happening, a thing occurring

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' It describes something that is currently in the process of happening or coming into existence. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which is happening' or 'the event itself.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΟΝ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G5265

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-NO-ee

Translations: to suppose, to suspect, to imply, to hint at, to understand implicitly

Notes: This verb means to suppose, suspect, or imply something. It can also mean to understand something implicitly or to have a hidden meaning. It is often used to describe an unspoken thought or an underlying assumption.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΥΠΟΝΟΕΩ, ΕΝΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΕΝΟΕΩ (hypenoeō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and the verb ΝΟΕΩ (noeō), meaning 'to perceive', 'to think', or 'to understand'. Thus, it literally means 'to think secretly' or 'to understand implicitly'.

G0472

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-TEH-khon-tas

Translations: holding fast, holding to, clinging to, adhering to, devoted to, supporting, enduring

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀντέχω', meaning to hold fast to something, to cling to, or to be devoted to. It implies steadfastness, endurance, or support. It is often used to describe someone who is firmly committed to a belief, person, or cause, or who is enduring through difficulty.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΕΓΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GOH-noo

Translations: of Antigonus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Antigonus. Antigonus was a common name in ancient Greece, particularly among Hellenistic kings and generals, most notably Antigonus I Monophthalmus, one of Alexander the Great's generals and founder of the Antigonid dynasty. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Antigonus's' or 'belonging to Antigonus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antigonus is of Greek origin, derived from the elements 'anti' (meaning 'against' or 'in return for') and 'gonos' (meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'). It can be interpreted as 'in place of a parent' or 'born against'.

G4316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-bal-OHN

Translations: having attacked, having assaulted, having thrown against, having applied, having brought to bear

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb προσβάλλω (prosballō). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating the subject 'having done' something. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. Therefore, it literally means 'to throw towards' or 'to throw against'. In a military context, it refers to launching an attack or assault. It can also mean to apply something, or to bring something to bear upon another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΦΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word προσβάλλω (prosballō) is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, against', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw, cast'. Its meaning developed from the literal sense of 'throwing towards' to 'attacking' or 'applying'.

G2904

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KRAH-toss

Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength

Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.

G0138

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-len

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he chose, she chose, it chose, he captured, she captured, it captured

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take', 'to choose', or 'to capture'. It describes a completed action in the past, performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He took the book' or 'She chose the path'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G0364

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nah-PLEH-ah

Translations: full of, filled with

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'full of' or 'filled with'. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'πλέως' (pleos), meaning 'full'. It is typically used to describe something that is completely filled or abounding with something else, often followed by a genitive case indicating what it is full of.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΓΕΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀναπλέως (anapleōs) is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and πλέως (pleōs, 'full'). It describes a state of being completely filled or replete.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G5147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tree-BEE

Translations: friction, wear, a wearing away, a way of life, a manner of life

Notes: This word refers to the act of rubbing or wearing away, implying friction or attrition. Metaphorically, it can describe the 'wear and tear' of life, or a 'way of life' or 'manner of life' that involves such friction or effort. It is used to denote the daily grind or the practical conduct of one's life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΩΓΗ, ΑΝΑΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub, wear out, tread a path'. It is related to the idea of a 'beaten path' or 'worn road'.

G4147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poh-lee-or-KEE-as

Translations: of a siege, of a blockade

Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation where an army surrounds a place to cut off supplies and force its surrender. In the provided context, it refers to the duration or process of a siege.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound derived from the Greek words πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure', referring to the act of enclosing a city.

G1238

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-or-giss-MEH-non

Translations: angered, enraged, provoked, exasperated

Notes: This is the genitive plural masculine/neuter perfect passive participle of the verb διοργίζω (diorgizō), meaning 'to provoke to anger' or 'to exasperate'. As a participle, it describes a state of being angered or enraged, often functioning adjectivally to modify a noun, or adverbially to describe the circumstances of an action. In this form, it would typically translate as 'of those who have been angered' or 'of the enraged ones'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ, ΘΥΜΩΜΕΝΩΝ

G4692

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: SPEV-don-tos

Translations: of hurrying, of hastening, of pressing on, of striving, of being eager

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'σπεύδω', meaning 'to hurry' or 'to hasten'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it often functions adverbially or adjectivally, indicating the action of someone or something 'hurrying' or 'hastening'. It can describe the state or action of a person or thing that is eager, pressing forward, or striving to achieve something quickly.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΤΑΧΥΝΟΝΤΟΣ

G0476

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-lon

Translations: opponent, an opponent, adversary, an adversary, rival, a rival

Notes: ἈΝΤΙΠΑΛΟΝ refers to an opponent, adversary, or rival. It describes someone who is in opposition or conflict with another. It is a compound word formed from the Greek preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning "against" or "opposite," and the noun πάλη (pale), meaning "wrestling" or "struggle." It is used to describe someone who contends against another, whether in a physical struggle, a legal dispute, or a general rivalry.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἘΧΘΡΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΤΙΠΑΛΟΣ is a compound of ἀντί (anti), meaning "against" or "opposite," and πάλη (pale), meaning "wrestling" or "struggle." It literally means "one who wrestles against."

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pam-PLEH-thays

Translations: very many, exceedingly numerous, a great multitude, a very great number

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'very many' or 'exceedingly numerous'. It is a compound word formed from 'πᾶς' (all, every) and 'πλῆθος' (multitude, great number), emphasizing a vast quantity. It is used to describe a large number of people or things, often implying an overwhelming or countless amount. For example, one might say 'very many people' or 'exceedingly numerous dead bodies'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix 'παμ-' (from πᾶς, meaning 'all' or 'every') and 'πλῆθος' (meaning 'multitude' or 'great number'). It literally means 'all-multitudinous' or 'full of multitude'.

G4964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-oh-thoo-MEH-noy

Translations: being pressed together, being crowded, being pushed together, being thronged, being crushed together

Notes: This word describes the action of people or things being pressed, pushed, or crowded together, often in a confined space. It implies a sense of being squeezed or thronged by others. It is a compound word formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ὠθέω (ōtheō), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust.'

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΙΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G4329

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-FEV-gon-tes

Translations: fleeing to, taking refuge in, resorting to

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ΠΡΟΣΦΕΥΓΩ, meaning 'to flee to' or 'to take refuge in'. It describes an action of moving towards something for safety or help. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing people or things that are in the act of fleeing to or taking refuge in something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΕΥΓΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΦΕΥΓΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΦΕΥΓΩ (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. It signifies the act of fleeing in a specific direction or towards a particular place for safety.

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity

Notes: ἘΛΕΟΣ refers to active compassion, pity, or mercy, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by God to humanity. It implies a deep feeling of sympathy that leads to practical help or forgiveness. It is frequently used in the context of God's benevolent actions towards His people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΛΕΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to feel pity' or 'to be moved by compassion'.

G5339

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fay-DOH

Translations: sparing, a sparing, mercy, pity, compassion, forbearance

Notes: This word refers to the act of sparing, showing mercy, or exercising forbearance. It implies a reluctance to use or expend something, or to inflict harm. It can be used in contexts of being careful with resources or showing compassion towards others. It is often found in phrases indicating 'without sparing' or 'with sparing'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΕΙΔΩ comes from the verb φείδομαι (pheídomai), meaning 'to spare' or 'to be sparing'. Its origin can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to being careful or thrifty.

G2543

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.

G4002

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-PEM-pon-tos

Translations: sending around, sending about, sending hither and thither, sending from one to another, sending to and fro, of sending around, of sending about, of sending hither and thither, of sending from one to another, of sending to and fro

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'peripempo', meaning 'to send around' or 'to send from one to another'. It describes an action of continuous or repeated sending in various directions or between multiple parties. In this genitive singular form, it often indicates possession or origin, or it can be used in a genitive absolute construction to describe a circumstance or cause.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΟΝΤΟΣ, ΔΙΑΠΕΜΠΟΝΤΟΣ

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-LOON-tos

Translations: of one calling alongside, of one exhorting, of one comforting, of one entreating, of one appealing, of one encouraging

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'parakaleo'. It describes someone who is in the act of calling alongside, exhorting, comforting, entreating, or encouraging. As a genitive singular masculine or neuter participle, it often translates as 'of one who is exhorting' or 'of him who is comforting', indicating possession or source.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DACE

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.

G1188

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: de-ksee-AS

Translations: (of) the right, (of) the right hand, (of) the right side, (of) a pledge, (of) an agreement

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'δεξιός' (dexios), meaning 'right' (as opposed to left), or the noun 'δεξιά' (dexia), meaning 'right hand' or 'right side'. It can also refer to a pledge or agreement, often symbolized by the giving of the right hand. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the sense of 'right hand' or 'right side' (as in 'cup of the right hand of the Lord') and also in the sense of 'pledges' or 'agreements' (as in 'giving pledges').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΝ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G3145

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: meh-MAY-noh-tess

Translations: having gone mad, being mad, frenzied, insane

Notes: This word describes someone who has lost their mind, is in a state of madness, or is acting in a frenzied or insane manner. It is a perfect active participle, indicating a completed action with ongoing results, meaning the state of madness is present.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΡΟΝΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΦΡΟΝΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to think, to be mentally active', which in Greek developed the sense of being out of one's mind.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ex-AY-eh-san

Translations: they went out, they came out, they proceeded out

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'they went out' or 'they came out'. It describes a group of people or things moving from an inside location to an outside one, or from one place to another. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to, in addition), 'ἐκ' (out of), and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΗΛΘΟΝ, ΑΠΗΛΘΟΝ

Etymology: The root verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The prefix ἐκ (ek) means 'out of' and ἐπί (epi) means 'upon' or 'in addition to', indicating direction or emphasis.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-go-nos

Translations: Antigonus

Notes: Antigonus is a common Greek proper name, most notably associated with several Hellenistic kings and generals, particularly Antigonus I Monophthalmus, a general of Alexander the Great and founder of the Antigonid dynasty. It is used to refer to a specific individual named Antigonus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antigonus is a compound of two Greek words: ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and γόνος (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'. Thus, the name can be interpreted as 'instead of his father' or 'worthy of his father'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G5177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-KHEES

Translations: of fortune, of chance, of luck, fortune, a fortune, chance, a chance, luck, a luck

Notes: This word is a noun referring to fortune, chance, or luck. It describes the outcome of events, whether good or bad, that are not necessarily attributed to divine will or human effort but rather to an unpredictable force. It is often used in contexts discussing the unpredictable nature of life or the role of fate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΕΙΜΑΡΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: From the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen, to obtain by chance'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G4363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-PIP-tee

Translations: falls upon, falls down before, falls prostrate, falls at the feet of, falls to, falls, approaches, assails

Notes: This verb means to fall upon, fall down before, or fall prostrate, often in an act of supplication, worship, or submission. It can also mean to approach or to assail. It describes the action of physically falling or coming into contact with something or someone, often with a sense of reverence, humility, or impact.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-nos

Translations: and that one, and he, and she, and it, and those, and they

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'καί' (and) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (that one, he, she, it). It means 'and that one' or 'and he/she/it', often used to refer back to a previously mentioned person or thing, or to introduce another person or thing in a similar context. It functions as a pronoun with an added conjunctive sense.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Masculine

G3627

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oyk-TAY-rass

Translations: having pitied, having had compassion, having felt mercy

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'οἰκτείρω', meaning 'to pity' or 'to have compassion'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often functioning adverbially to indicate the cause or circumstance of the main verb's action. For example, 'having pitied, he helped them'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΕΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word οἰκτείρω is derived from οἶκτος (oiktos), meaning 'pity' or 'compassion'.

G0215

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-KRAH-tohs

Translations: without self-control, intemperately, unrestrainedly, immoderately

Notes: This word describes an action performed without self-control or restraint. It indicates a lack of moderation or discipline in behavior, often implying an excessive or uncontrolled manner. It is used to describe how something is done, emphasizing the absence of inner regulation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΚΡΑΤΩΣ, ἈΣΩΤΩΣ, ἈΚΟΛΑΣΤΩΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΚΡΑΤΩΣ is derived from the adjective ἈΚΡΑΤΗΣ (akratēs), meaning 'without self-control' or 'powerless'. It is formed by adding the adverbial suffix -ως (-ōs) to the adjective stem. The adjective itself is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) meaning 'not' and κράτος (kratos) meaning 'power' or 'strength', thus literally 'without power' or 'without control'.

G0493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GO-nayn

Translations: Antigone

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Antigone, a common female name in ancient Greece, notably a tragic heroine in Greek mythology, daughter of Oedipus. It is used to refer to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Antigone is derived from the Greek words 'anti' (ἀντί), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and 'gonē' (γονή), meaning 'birth', 'offspring', or 'generation'. It can be interpreted as 'worthy of one's birth' or 'born against'.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-RAS

Translations: of a guard, of a garrison, of a watch, of a prison, guard, garrison, watch, prison

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a garrison, a watch, or a prison. It can denote a body of soldiers stationed to guard a place, the act of guarding, or the place where one is guarded or confined. It is used to describe protection or custody.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ

Etymology: From φρουρός (phrouros, "a guard"), which is from προ- (pro-, "before") and ὁράω (horaō, "to see"). Thus, literally "one who sees before" or "one who watches over."

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEE-ken

Translations: he sent away, he let go, he left, he forgave, he permitted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to send away,' 'to let go,' 'to leave,' 'to forgive,' or 'to permit.' It describes an action of releasing, abandoning, or granting permission. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀφίημι is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to send away' or 'to let go from.'

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-fy-LAHT-teh-toh

Translations: was being guarded, was being kept, was being watched over, was being preserved

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle/passive third person singular form of the verb 'φυλάττω' (phylatto). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, indicating that someone or something 'was being guarded,' 'was being kept,' or 'was being watched over.' It implies a continuous state of protection or preservation.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'φυλάττω' (phylatto) comes from 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'watcher'. It is related to the concept of watching, guarding, and preserving.

G4307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRO-noy-ah

Translations: providence, a providence, foresight, forethought, provision

Notes: This word refers to foresight, forethought, or divine providence. It implies a careful planning or provision for the future, often with a sense of divine care or guidance. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the noun νοῦς (nous), meaning "mind" or "intellect," suggesting a "mind before" or "fore-mind."

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΒΛΕΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑ (pronoia) is derived from the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning "to perceive, to think, to understand." It literally means "fore-thinking" or "fore-knowing."

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kra-TOO-n-tee

Translations: (to) the one holding, (to) the one ruling, (to) the one prevailing, (to) the one having power, (to) the one grasping

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'κράτεω' (krateō). It describes someone who is currently holding, ruling, prevailing, or exercising power. It is used to indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the means by which something is done, referring to the one who is in a state of holding or exercising power.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝΤΙ, ΔΥΝΑΜΕΝΩ

G246

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: al-LO-foo-LOHN

Translations: of foreigners, of aliens, of other tribes, of other nations, of strange people

Notes: This word is a compound adjective or noun, meaning 'of another tribe or nation'. It refers to people who are not of the same race, tribe, or nationality as the speaker, often implying a sense of being foreign or alien. It is used to describe things belonging to or associated with such people.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΩΝ, ΞΕΝΩΝ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'.

G4849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-MNA-khon

Translations: of allies, of confederates, of auxiliaries

Notes: This word refers to those who fight alongside someone, acting as allies, confederates, or auxiliaries. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μάχη' (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It is used to describe a group of people who are united in a common cause or conflict.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΩΝ, ΒΟΗΘΩΝ

Etymology: The word σύμμαχος (symmachos) is derived from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It literally means 'fighting with' or 'fellow-fighter'.

G3581

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: kseh-nee-KON

Translations: foreign, strange, alien, a foreign contingent, a foreign army, a foreign multitude

Notes: This word describes something that is foreign, strange, or alien. When used substantively, especially in the neuter singular with the definite article (like 'το ξενικον'), it refers to a foreign contingent, a body of foreign troops, or a foreign multitude. It implies something not native or belonging to a different place or group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΡΒΑΡΟΣ

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hah-GHEE-ohn

Translations: of holy ones, of saints, of holy things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'hagios', meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used substantively, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. It describes something belonging to or associated with those who are set apart for God or dedicated to a sacred purpose. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the words of the holy ones' or 'the temple of holy things'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ, ΚΑΘΑΡΩΝ

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOHN

Translations: comforting, exhorting, encouraging, appealing, entreating, inviting, consoling, a comforter, an exhorter, one who comforts, one who exhorts

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is comforting' or 'one who is exhorting'. It describes an ongoing action of providing comfort, encouragement, or an appeal. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to the person performing the action, such as 'the comforter' or 'the one who exhorts'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G0546

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-pei-LON

Translations: threatening, one who threatens, to threaten

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ἀπειλέω', meaning 'to threaten' or 'to menace'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. As a participle, it can function adjectivally (describing someone who is threatening) or adverbially (indicating the manner or circumstance of an action, e.g., 'while threatening'). It conveys the idea of expressing an intention to inflict harm or punishment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ἈΠΕΙΛΗ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from') and a root related to 'to drive away' or 'to ward off'. It originally conveyed the idea of driving someone away through threats.

G0393

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nes-TEL-len

Translations: he was restraining, he was checking, he was holding back, he was hindering, he was stopping

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up, back') and στέλλω (stellō, 'to send, to set in order'). It means to restrain, check, hold back, or hinder. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, indicating someone was in the process of stopping or preventing something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ἘΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναστέλλω is formed from the prefix ἀνά (anā), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to set in order'. The combination conveys the idea of sending or setting something back, hence to restrain or hold back.

G2275

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HET-tays

Translations: (of) defeat, (of) loss, (of) inferiority

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun ἥττα (hetta), meaning 'defeat' or 'loss'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It can also refer to a state of inferiority. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the shame of defeat'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΤΤΗΜΑ, ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἥττα (hetta) is derived from the comparative adjective ἥσσων (hessōn), meaning 'less' or 'inferior'. It originally referred to the state of being inferior or less, which then evolved to mean 'defeat' or 'loss' in a contest.

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-le-po-TEH-ran

Translations: more difficult, a more difficult, harsher, a harsher, more grievous, a more grievous, more severe, a more severe

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'χαλεπός' (chalepos), meaning 'difficult', 'harsh', or 'grievous'. As a comparative adjective, 'χαλεπωτέραν' means 'more difficult', 'harsher', or 'more grievous'. It is used to describe something that is of a greater degree of difficulty or severity than something else. For example, it could describe a situation that is more challenging or a punishment that is more severe.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΤΕΡΑΝ, ΒΑΡΥΤΕΡΑΝ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-theh-AH-tohn

Translations: unseen, invisible, not to be seen, of the unseen

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be seen or is invisible. It is often used to refer to things that are hidden from view or are beyond human perception. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'θεατός' (theatos, meaning 'visible' or 'to be seen').

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΟΡΑΤΟΣ, ΑΦΑΝΗΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and θεατός (theatos, 'visible'), from θεάομαι (theaomai, 'to see, behold').

G1294

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-KO-loo-eh

Translations: was hindering, was preventing, was forbidding, was restraining

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb κωλύω (kōlyō), meaning 'to hinder' or 'to prevent'. It means to hinder, prevent, or forbid someone from doing something. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb διακωλύω (diakōlyō) is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb κωλύω (kōlyō), meaning 'to hinder' or 'to prevent'. The root κωλύω is thought to be related to the idea of cutting off or impeding.

G1264

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-TEH-nah-meh-noss

Translations: stretching out, having stretched out, extending, having extended, exerting, having exerted, insisting, having insisted, striving, having striven

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'diateinō'. It describes an action of stretching out, extending, or exerting oneself, often with the implication of insistence or striving. It can be used to describe someone who is making a strong effort, asserting a point, or reaching out physically or figuratively. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΕΠΙΤΕΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΕΙΝΩ

G2758

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: keh-NOH-san-tes

Translations: having emptied, having made void, having divested, having poured out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'kenoo', meaning 'to empty' or 'to make void'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can be used to describe someone who has emptied something, or metaphorically, someone who has divested themselves of something, such as status or privilege.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΑΔΕΙΑΖΩ

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-LAYP-soo-sin

Translations: they will leave behind, they will forsake, they will abandon, they will desert

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'. Together, it means to leave something behind, to abandon, or to forsake. It is used to describe the act of departing from something or someone, often with the implication of leaving it permanently or neglecting it. For example, one might leave behind possessions, a place, or even a person.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toh-SOO-toh

Translations: to/for so much, to/for so great, to/for so many, by so much, by so great, by so many

Notes: This word is an adjective that indicates quantity or degree, meaning 'so much,' 'so great,' or 'so many.' It is used to emphasize the extent or magnitude of something. In this dative singular form, it often conveys 'to/for so much/great/many' or 'by so much/great/many,' indicating the measure or degree by which something is affected or compared.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G5408

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NOH

Translations: (to) murder, (to) slaughter, (to) killing, (to) bloodshed, (to) death, a murder, a slaughter, a killing, a bloodshed, a death

Notes: This word refers to the act of murder, slaughter, or killing, often implying bloodshed or violent death. As a noun in the dative case, it indicates the indirect object or the means by which something is done, such as 'by murder' or 'for murder'. It can also signify the state or condition of being involved in such an act.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΜΑ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΣΦΑΓΗ

G1024

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: BRA-khoo

Translations: short, brief, little, a little, for a short time, briefly, in a short time, by little, gradually

Notes: This word primarily means 'short' or 'brief', referring to duration of time or physical length. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as short or brief. When used adverbially, often with a preposition like 'κατά' (kata), it can mean 'briefly', 'for a short time', 'by little', or 'gradually'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'βραχύς' (brachys) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'short'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of shortness or brevity.

G3625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nays

Translations: of the inhabited earth, of the world, of the Roman Empire, of the inhabited land

Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, the world, or more specifically, the Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament. It is often used to denote the entire civilized world as known to the ancients, particularly the Roman Empire. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΥ, ΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' and came to refer to the known world.

G0465

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-TAL-lag-ma

Translations: exchange, an exchange, equivalent, an equivalent, ransom, a ransom, compensation, a compensation, price, a price

Notes: This word refers to something given or received in exchange for something else, often as a substitute or equivalent. It can denote a price paid, a ransom, or compensation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'in place of' or 'instead of', and the verb ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to exchange'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΛΥΤΡΟΝ, ἈΝΤΙΛΥΤΡΟΝ, ἈΜΟΙΒΗ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΤΑΛΛΑΓΜΑ is derived from the verb ἀνταλλάσσω (antallassō), meaning 'to exchange' or 'to give in exchange'. It is formed from the prefix ἀντί (anti), meaning 'in place of' or 'instead of', and ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to exchange'.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KREE-nay

Translations: judges, he judges, she judges, it judges, will judge, he will judge, she will judge, it will judge, decides, he decides, she decides, it decides, distinguishes, he distinguishes, she distinguishes, it distinguishes

Notes: This word means to judge, decide, or distinguish. It is used to describe the act of making a judgment or decision, often in a legal or moral context. It can also refer to the act of separating or discerning between things. For example, it can be used to say 'he judges the people' or 'it decides the matter'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-pine

Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit

Notes: This word means to give permission or to allow something to happen. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone's care. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or responsibility is assigned.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτρέπω (epitrépō), from ἐπί (epí, 'upon, to') + τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn'). The sense evolved from 'to turn over to' to 'to permit' or 'to entrust'.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-MEH-noo

Translations: saying, speaking, asserting, declaring

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, genitive singular, of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes someone who is in the act of saying or speaking, often used to introduce a statement or a reported speech. In the provided examples, it functions adverbially, indicating 'while saying' or 'because he said'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohn

Translations: of one's own, of private things, of peculiar things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἴδιος' (idios). It refers to something that is one's own, private, or peculiar to an individual or group. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic. For example, it can mean 'their own' or 'his own' when referring to possessions or personal matters.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ, ἙΑΥΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self' and emphasizes personal possession or distinctiveness.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: loy-PEEN

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the other, the others, the remainder

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining. It is often used to indicate the rest of a group or quantity, or the remaining part of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting like a noun) meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'λοιπός' (loipos) comes from the verb 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'. It is related to the concept of something being left behind or remaining.

G1851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-oh-NEE-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having bought, having redeemed, having purchased, having bought out

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἐξ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'completely', and the verb ὠνέομαι (ōneomai), meaning 'to buy'. It signifies the act of buying something completely, often with the implication of buying it out of a certain state or condition, such as buying freedom or redeeming something. It is used to describe a completed action of purchasing or redeeming.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΓΟΡΆΖΩ, ΛΥΤΡΌΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐξωνέομαι (exōneomai) is derived from ἐξ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ὠνέομαι (ōneomai), meaning 'to buy'.

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-LAY-roh-sen

Translations: he filled, he fulfilled, he completed, he accomplished, he brought to an end, he supplied, he made full

Notes: This word describes the action of filling something, making it full, or bringing something to completion or fulfillment. It can refer to physically filling a container, or metaphorically fulfilling a prophecy, completing a task, or accomplishing a purpose. It is used to indicate that an action or process has been brought to its intended conclusion or that a requirement has been met.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΛΗΘΥΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΤΙΖΩ

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G2141

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: yoo-po-ROON-tas

Translations: having means, being prosperous, being wealthy, being well off, being able to pay

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having means' or 'being prosperous'. It describes someone who is well-off financially or has sufficient resources. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are in a state of abundance or have the ability to provide for themselves or others.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΘΗΝΕΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PA-thos

Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.

G0002

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-GRIP-pah

Translations: Agrippa

Notes: Agrippa is a proper noun, referring to a male individual. In the New Testament, it primarily refers to Herod Agrippa I and Herod Agrippa II, who were Roman client kings of Judea. It is used as a direct address or as the subject/object of a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Agrippa is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman cognomen Agrippa. It was traditionally given to children born feet first, from Latin 'aegre partus' meaning 'born with difficulty' or 'aegre pes' meaning 'difficult foot'.

G1540

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: heh-kah-TOS-tays

Translations: hundredth, a hundredth, (of) the hundredth

Notes: This word refers to the hundredth in a series or sequence. It can function as an adjective meaning 'hundredth' or as a noun referring to 'the hundredth (thing or part)'. In the provided context, it appears to refer to the hundredth Olympiad or the hundredth day/year, indicating a specific point in a numerical sequence.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΕΚΑΤΟΣΤΗ (hekatostē) is derived from the Greek word ἑκατόν (hekaton), meaning 'one hundred'. It is formed with the suffix -στός (-stos), which indicates an ordinal number.

G3648

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: oh-lym-PI-ah-doss

Translations: of an Olympiad, of the Olympiad

Notes: This word refers to an Olympiad, which was a period of four years, especially as used in ancient Greece for dating events, with the Olympic Games being held at the end of each period. It is used to indicate a specific time frame or a particular occurrence of the Olympic Games.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From Ὄλυμπος (Olympos), referring to Mount Olympus, the site of the ancient Olympic Games, and the suffix -ιάς (-ias) indicating a period or group.

G1858

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-or-TEE

Translations: feast, a feast, festival, a festival, holiday, a holiday

Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or holiday, a time of celebration and special observance. It is often used in the context of Jewish or Christian religious feasts. It can be used to denote the specific day of a festival or the entire period of celebration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (though it can appear in other cases and numbers depending on context, e.g., Genitive as in ΕΟΡΤΗΣ)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΟΡΤΗ comes from an older Greek word, perhaps related to a root meaning 'to gather' or 'to celebrate'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to public festivals or holidays.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-na-THEYS

Translations: dedicating, consecrating, setting up, offering, referring, attributing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'dedicating,' 'consecrating,' or 'setting up.' It describes an action of placing something up or dedicating it to someone or something, often in a religious context, like dedicating an offering to a deity. It can also mean to refer or attribute something to someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΕΩ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΣ

G328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nez-EVK-sen

Translations: he set out, he departed, he marched away

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναζεύγνυμι (anazeugnymi). It is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up, back') and ζεύγνυμι (zeugnymi, 'to yoke, to join'). It means to unyoke, to set out, or to depart, often in the context of a journey or military movement. It describes the action of someone breaking camp or beginning a march.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναζεύγνυμι is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and ζεύγνυμι (zeugnymi), meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join'. The combination implies unyoking or breaking a connection, leading to the sense of setting out or departing.

G1167

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DEE-sas

Translations: having feared, fearing, being afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of fearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΙΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΗΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δείδω' (deidō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to be afraid' or 'to flee'. It is related to words signifying dread or flight.

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: koh-mee-STHAYS

Translations: having been brought, having been carried, having been received, having obtained

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'κομίζω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has undergone the action of being brought, carried, or received. It can also imply having obtained or recovered something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and often introduces a subordinate clause explaining the circumstances or cause of the main action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word κομίζω comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kem- meaning 'to grasp, to hold'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'to take care of, to provide for', and later 'to carry, to bring, to receive'.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-oh-loh-gee-SEE-tai

Translations: be justified, be declared righteous, be acquitted, be vindicated, plead one's cause, make a defense

Notes: This word means to be justified, declared righteous, or acquitted. It implies being shown to be in the right, or having one's actions vindicated. It can also mean to plead one's cause or make a defense, especially in a legal or moral sense. It is often used in contexts where someone is seeking to prove their innocence or the righteousness of their actions.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΩ

G1925

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-DEIK-noos

Translations: showing, displaying, demonstrating, proving, exhibiting, making known

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ἐπιδείκνυμι'. It means 'showing', 'displaying', 'demonstrating', or 'proving'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'δείκνυμι' (to show). It is used to describe an action of presenting something for observation, proof, or exhibition.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΣ, ΦΑΙΝΩΝ, ἘΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΣ

Etymology: The verb 'ἐπιδείκνυμι' is formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (meaning 'upon' or 'to') and the verb 'δείκνυμι' (meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'). The combination emphasizes the act of showing or displaying something publicly or for a specific purpose.

G2399

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-dee-OH-tayn

Translations: a private person, a layman, a common person, an unlearned person, an unskilled person

Notes: This word refers to a private person, as opposed to someone holding public office, or a layman, as opposed to a professional or expert. It can also denote someone who is unlearned or unskilled in a particular area. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΟΣ, ἈΜΑΘΗΣ, ἈΤΕΧΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἴδιος (idios), meaning 'one's own, private'. It refers to someone who is a 'private' individual, not involved in public life or a specific profession.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AY-ken

Translations: it was fitting, it was proper, it was suitable, it was right, it was appropriate

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'προσήκω' (prosēkō). It means 'it was fitting' or 'it was proper'. It describes something that was appropriate, suitable, or right to do or to be, often implying a moral or customary obligation. It is typically used impersonally.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΔΕΙ, ΕΞΗΝ, ΕΠΡΕΠΕΝ

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo-een

Translations: to reign, to rule, to be king, to be a king

Notes: This word means to reign, to rule, or to act as a king. As an infinitive, it often functions like an English 'to' verb, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to reign' or 'for ruling'. It describes the exercise of royal authority or sovereignty.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ (basileuō) comes from the noun ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king'. It describes the action or state of being a king.

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAI-das

Translations: children, boys, servants, slaves

Notes: This word refers to children, particularly boys, but can also denote young people in general, or even servants and slaves regardless of age, depending on the context. It is used here in the accusative plural form, indicating that the children/boys/servants are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΥΙΟΙ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΙΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'child' or 'boy'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to young people or offspring.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

G1626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ay-MAR-ten

Translations: sinned, committed sin, missed the mark

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sin' or 'to miss the mark'. It describes the act of failing to meet a standard or deviating from a path, often with moral or ethical implications. It is used to indicate that someone has committed an offense or made a mistake.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ΕΞ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'completely', and the verb ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ (hamartano), meaning 'to miss the mark' or 'to sin'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of the root verb.

G5399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: foh-BOO-meh-nos

Translations: fearing, being afraid, revering, respecting, one who fears, he who fears

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΦΟΒΕΩ, meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. In a religious context, it can also mean 'to revere' or 'to respect God'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the state of fearing or revering, or describing an action done while fearing. It can be translated as 'fearing' or 'one who fears'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΛΙΑΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEI-thei

Translations: he persuades, she persuades, it persuades, he trusts, she trusts, it trusts, he obeys, she obeys, it obeys

Notes: This word means to persuade, to convince, or to win over. It can also mean to trust or to obey, especially in the perfect tense (πεποιθέναι) where it signifies a state of having been persuaded, hence trusting or being confident. It is used to describe the act of influencing someone's opinion or actions, or the state of being convinced or compliant.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LEIN

Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Depending on the context, it can mean to take something up, to remove or take away, or more commonly, to destroy or kill someone. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, to seize').

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pal-LAS-seh-tai

Translations: is released, is delivered, is set free, is rid of, is acquitted, is discharged

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to alter'. Together, it means to be released or delivered from something, to be set free, or to be rid of. It is often used in a legal or moral sense, implying acquittal or discharge from an obligation or accusation. It describes a state of being freed from a burden or a situation.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΚΛΥΟΜΑΙ, ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΜΑΙ, ἈΦΙΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἀπαλλάσσω (apallassō) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to alter'. The root ἀλλάσσω itself comes from ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. Thus, the word conveys the idea of changing away from something or being separated from it.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ass-sah-MOH-nah-yoo

Translations: of Hasmoneus, of a Hasmonean, of the Hasmoneans

Notes: This word refers to a member of the Hasmonean dynasty, a priestly and royal family that ruled Judea from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century BCE. It is a proper noun used to indicate belonging or origin from this family. It is typically used in a possessive sense, meaning 'of Hasmoneus' or 'of the Hasmoneans'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The Hasmonean dynasty was named after an ancestor of Judah Maccabee, named Hasmon (or Asmoneus). The name itself is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a place name or a personal name.

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHEE

Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, ruler, a ruler, first, origin, a first, a ruler, dominion, a dominion, principality, a principality

Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or dominion, and by extension, the person holding such authority (a ruler or magistrate). It is used to describe the starting point of time, a sequence, or a source of power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΧΗ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.

G2986

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: LAM-pross

Translations: bright, brilliant, radiant, splendid, illustrious, a bright, a brilliant, a radiant, a splendid, an illustrious

Notes: This word describes something that is bright, shining, or radiant, often referring to light or appearance. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something splendid, magnificent, or illustrious, such as a person's reputation or a family's status. It can be used to describe a person, an object, or an abstract quality.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΩΤΕΙΝΟΣ, ΛΕΥΚΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λάμπω (lampō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to be bright'. It describes something that possesses the quality of shining or brightness.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G1289

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-AH-see-mos

Translations: famous, well-known, notable, a famous person, a well-known person

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is widely known or prominent. It is used to indicate a high degree of recognition or renown, often implying distinction or importance. For example, one might speak of a famous city or a notable individual.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, or Dative; Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΣΗΜΟΣ (diasēmos) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'sign' or 'mark'. Thus, it literally means 'marked out' or 'distinguished', leading to its meaning of 'famous' or 'notable'.

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EH-neh-kah

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'because of,' 'on account of,' or 'for the sake of.' It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating the reason or purpose for something. For example, one might say 'ΕΝΕΚΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ' (heneka tou nomou) meaning 'because of the law.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete noun meaning 'cause' or 'reason'. It is related to the Greek word 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-BAH-lon

Translations: cast off, threw away, lost, rejected, abandoned

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἀποβάλλω'. It means to throw away, cast off, lose, or reject something. It implies a definitive action of getting rid of or losing possession of something, often with a sense of finality or consequence. It can be used in contexts where someone loses their authority, possessions, or even their life.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΡΊΠΤΩ, ἈΦΊΗΜΙ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

G3327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-TEH-bee

Translations: he/she/it went over, he/she/it passed over, he/she/it moved, he/she/it transferred, he/she/it departed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from μετά (meta, 'with, after, among') and βαίνω (bainō, 'to go, to step'). It means to go over, pass over, or move from one place to another. It can also imply a change of state or condition, or a departure.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with, after, among', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'.

G494

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-PAH-troo

Translations: (of) Antipater

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Antipater'. Antipater was a common name in the ancient world, notably borne by several historical figures, including the father of Herod the Great. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Antipater's' or 'belonging to Antipater'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀντί (anti, "against, instead of") and πατήρ (patēr, "father"). It literally means "instead of the father" or "like the father."

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-dee-oh-tee-KOO

Translations: of private, of personal, of common, of a common, of a private, of a personal

Notes: This word describes something as private, personal, or belonging to a common or ordinary person, as opposed to something public, official, or professional. It is often used to distinguish between public and private matters, or between a professional and a layperson's perspective. It is an adjective and would modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being private or common.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἸΔΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ἰδιώτης (idiōtēs), meaning 'a private person, layman, or one who lacks professional skill'. It relates to the concept of 'one's own' or 'private'.

G5219

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pah-KOO-on-tos

Translations: obeying, listening, heeding, submitting, of obeying, of listening, of heeding, of submitting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to obey' or 'to listen attentively'. It describes someone who is in the act of obeying, listening, or submitting to authority or instruction. It is often used to indicate a state of compliance or attentiveness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΟΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'beneath', and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. Thus, it literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen beneath', implying attentive listening that leads to obedience or submission.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ass-ah-moh-NAI-ohn

Translations: of the Hasmoneans

Notes: This word refers to the Hasmoneans, a priestly and royal dynasty that ruled Judea and surrounding regions from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century BCE. They were the descendants of the Maccabees, who led the Jewish revolt against the Seleucid Empire. The term is used to describe things or people belonging to or associated with this dynasty.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Hasmonean is derived from Hasmon, an ancestor of the family. The exact identity of Hasmon is debated, but he is generally considered to be the great-grandfather of Mattathias, the patriarch of the Maccabean family.

G1074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ge-ne-AS

Translations: of a generation, of generations, a generation, generations, of a race, of races, a race, races, of a family, of families, a family, families, of a kind, of kinds, a kind, kinds

Notes: This word refers to a generation of people, a race, a family, or a kind/species. It can also denote the time span of a generation. In the provided examples, it is used in the phrase "generations of generations" (ΓΕΝΕΑΣ ΓΕΝΕΩΝ), emphasizing a very long or eternal duration.

Inflection: Singular Genitive or Plural Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning "to come into being" or "to be born."

G3880