2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G5426

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: froh-NOON-tohn

Translations: of those thinking, of those understanding, of those having a mind, of those being minded, of those being wise

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'phroneo', meaning to think, to have understanding, or to be minded in a certain way. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone who is in the act of thinking or having a particular mindset. In this form, it refers to 'those who are thinking' or 'those who are of a certain mind'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word Φρονέω (phroneō) comes from φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It refers to the faculty of thought and understanding.

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEEHN

Translations: plot, a plot, conspiracy, a conspiracy, ambush, an ambush, treachery, a treachery

Notes: This word refers to a deliberate plan or scheme, often with malicious intent, such as a plot, conspiracy, or treachery. It can also refer to an ambush. It is typically used in contexts where someone is devising a harmful plan against another.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΕΝΕΔΡΑ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ (epiboulē) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'. Thus, it literally means 'a plan against' or 'counsel against'.

G4937

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-THEYS

Translations: having put together, having agreed, having composed, having arranged, having made a covenant

Notes: ΣΥΝΘΕΙΣ is the aorist active participle (masculine, nominative, singular) of the verb ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ. This compound verb means 'to put together,' 'to agree,' 'to compose,' or 'to arrange.' It is often used in the sense of making an agreement or covenant, or of composing something like a speech or a plan. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEV-mah

Translations: army, a body of troops, a troop, a soldier

Notes: This word refers to an army, a body of soldiers, or a military force. It can also refer to an individual soldier within such a force. It is used to describe a group of armed men organized for warfare or military service.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ is derived from the verb στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to serve as a soldier', which in turn comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army'.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAH-tei

Translations: he was holding, she was holding, it was holding, he was ruling, she was ruling, it was ruling, he was prevailing, she was prevailing, it was prevailing, he was strong, she was strong, it was strong

Notes: This word describes an action of holding, ruling, or prevailing that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It indicates a continuous state of power, control, or strength. For example, it could be used to say 'he was holding the rope' or 'he was ruling the city'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

G4171

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-leh-mos

Translations: war, a war, battle, a battle, fight, a fight

Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups, or a particular series of battles or campaigns. It can also refer to a struggle or conflict of any kind. It is typically used in the singular, but can also be found in the plural to denote multiple conflicts or aspects of war.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to fight' or 'to contend'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-pah-MEH-ee-an

Translations: Apameia

Notes: Apameia refers to a city, specifically one of several ancient cities named after Apame, the wife of Seleucus I Nicator. The most famous of these was Apameia on the Orontes River in Syria, a significant Hellenistic and Roman city. It is used here as the object of an action, indicating a location.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Apameia' is derived from Apame, the wife of Seleucus I Nicator, one of the Diadochi (successors) of Alexander the Great. Several cities were founded and named after her during the Hellenistic period.

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ES-tay

Translations: stood together, stood with, stood by, came together, gathered, was formed, was composed, was established, was commended, was proved

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi), meaning 'to stand together with', 'to bring together', 'to establish', 'to commend', or 'to prove'. It can describe people or things coming together, or the act of something being formed or established. It can also be used in the sense of commending or proving something. The meaning often depends on the context and the case of the object it takes.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'συνίστημι' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar-os

Translations: of Caesar

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Caesar'. It refers to the Roman emperor, or more generally, the imperial authority. In the New Testament, it often refers to the reigning emperor, such as Augustus or Tiberius, or the office itself.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Latin 'Caesar', originally a Roman family name, which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. The name's ultimate origin is uncertain, possibly from 'caesaries' (hair) or 'caesus' (cut).

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THON-ton

Translations: (of) having come, (of) coming, (of) going, (of) arriving

Notes: This word is the genitive plural participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action related to a noun. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, and can be translated as 'of those who came' or 'of those who are coming/going'. It describes a group of people or things that have performed the action of coming or going.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΩΝ, ΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΩΝ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G0493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tros

Translations: Antipas, Antipater

Notes: This is a masculine proper noun, referring to a personal name. It was a common name in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, borne by several historical figures, including a son of Herod the Great (Herod Antipas). It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Greek origin, meaning 'like the father' or 'instead of the father'. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G5407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-foh-NEV-koh-tos

Translations: of having murdered, of having killed, of having slain

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the perfect active participle of the verb φονεύω (phoneuō), meaning 'to murder' or 'to kill'. It describes someone or something that has already committed the act of murder or killing. It is often used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the one who has murdered' or 'of the one who has killed'.

Inflection: Participle, Perfect Active, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

G1517

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-PRAX-as-thai

Translations: to exact, to collect, to demand, to recover, to obtain payment

Notes: This verb means to exact or collect something, often money, tribute, or a penalty. It implies demanding payment or satisfaction for something owed. It can also refer to recovering what is due. The prefix 'εἰς' (eis) adds the sense of 'into' or 'towards', emphasizing the action of bringing something in or exacting it from someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΊΖΩ, ΛΑΜΒΆΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΑΜΒΆΝΩ

G5551

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khro-nee-ZO-meh-noo

Translations: of delaying, of lingering, of tarrying, of taking a long time

Notes: This word describes the act of delaying, lingering, or taking a long time to do something. It is often used to indicate that an event or action is prolonged or that someone is slow in arriving or acting. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to describe the circumstances of the action.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Middle or Passive Voice, Present Tense, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΡΑΔΥΝΩ, ΜΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΙΖΩ is derived from the Koine Greek word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos), meaning 'time'. It literally means 'to take time' or 'to spend time', evolving into the sense of delaying or lingering.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar

Translations: Caesar

Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used by Roman emperors. It is derived from the family name of Julius Caesar and was adopted by subsequent emperors as a title of imperial authority. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the reigning Roman emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" is a transliteration of the Latin name "Caesar," which was originally the cognomen of a branch of the gens Julia, most famously Gaius Julius Caesar. After his death, his adopted son Octavian (Augustus) used it as part of his title, and it subsequently became a title for Roman emperors.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAS-see-on

Translations: Cassius, of Cassius, to Cassius

Notes: ΚΑΣΣΙΟΝ is the name of a Roman family, most notably Gaius Cassius Longinus, a leading instigator of the plot to assassinate Julius Caesar. It is used to refer to this historical figure or others bearing the same name. In the provided examples, it appears in different cases, indicating 'Cassius' (nominative/accusative), 'of Cassius' (genitive), or 'to Cassius' (dative).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Cassius' is of Roman origin, derived from the Latin gens name Cassia. Its ultimate etymology is uncertain, but it is an ancient Roman family name.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2722

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tas-KHOHN

Translations: holding fast, holding back, possessing, restraining, seizing, occupying, detaining, keeping, retaining, taking possession of

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'κατέχω' (katechō). It describes an action of holding, possessing, or restraining that has been completed. It can be used to describe someone who has taken hold of something, occupied a place, or kept something in their possession. It often implies a firm or forceful grip or control.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

G3376, G3403

Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: MAY-nas

Translations: month, a month, Manasseh

Notes: This word can refer to a 'month,' which is a period of time, typically one of the twelve divisions of the year. It can also be a proper noun, 'Manasseh,' referring to a specific person, such as a king of Judah or a tribe of Israel. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΗΝ, ΜΑΝΑΣΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word for 'month' (ΜΗΝΑΣ) comes from an ancient root referring to the moon, as months were originally lunar cycles. The proper noun 'Manasseh' (ΜΗΝΑΣ) is a transliteration of a Hebrew name, meaning 'causing to forget'.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DEH-loh-tai

Translations: it has been made clear, it has been shown, it has been declared, it has been revealed

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear,' 'to show,' or 'to declare.' In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present, specifically that something 'has been made clear' or 'has been shown.' It is used to state a fact that is now evident or established.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

G4937

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-er-ROH-go-tos

Translations: having been broken together, having been shattered, having been burst, having been torn apart, having been broken up, having been broken into pieces

Notes: This word is a perfect participle, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It describes something that has been broken, shattered, or burst apart, often implying a violent or forceful separation. It can be used to describe the breaking of physical objects, or metaphorically, the breaking out of a war or conflict.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ, ΘΡΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word συνρήγνυμι is a compound word formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break', 'to tear', or 'to burst'.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-ee

Translations: he completes, she completes, it completes, he finishes, she finishes, it finishes, he performs, she performs, it performs, he fulfills, she fulfills, it fulfills, he pays, she pays, it pays

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to complete,' 'to finish,' 'to perform,' 'to fulfill,' or 'to pay.' It is used to describe the bringing of something to an end or to its intended purpose. For example, one might 'complete' a task, 'fulfill' a prophecy, or 'pay' a tax.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-loo

Translations: of another, of others, elsewhere, to another place, to another

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another', or as an adverb meaning 'elsewhere' or 'to another place'. When used as an adjective, it refers to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. As an adverb, it indicates a different location or direction. It is an inflected form of the word 'ΑΛΛΟΣ'.

Inflection: Genitive Singular (Masculine or Neuter), or Adverb

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙ

G240

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-lay

Translations: another, other, a different one

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ἈΛΛΟΣ', meaning 'another' or 'other'. It is used to refer to a distinct or different entity from one already mentioned or implied. In the provided examples, it appears as part of the reciprocal pronoun 'ἀλλήλων' (one another), but 'ἈΛΛΗ' itself, when standing alone, refers to a feminine singular 'other' or 'another'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Dative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ

G1287

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ess-par-MEH-non

Translations: of having been scattered, of having been dispersed, of having been sown abroad

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been scattered' or 'having been dispersed'. It describes something that has undergone the action of being spread out or separated. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΣΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΔΙΑΧΥΘΕΝΤΩΝ

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-lay-PSO-me-nos

Translations: about to receive, about to take, about to take along, about to take over, about to take possession of

Notes: This word is a future participle, indicating an action that is about to happen or is intended to happen. It describes someone who is on the point of receiving, taking, or taking along something or someone. It is often used to describe a person who is designated to take over a role or responsibility.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Future, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word παραλαμβάνω is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.

G3089

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: LOO-sas

Translations: having loosed, having untied, having released, having destroyed, having dissolved, having broken

Notes: ΛΥΣΑΣ is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΛΥΩ, meaning 'to loose, untie, release, destroy, dissolve, or break.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed in the past relative to the main verb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of loosing or releasing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G4311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AH-geh-tai

Translations: is brought to, is offered, is presented, is added, is annexed

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (to, toward) and the verb ΑΓΩ (to lead, to bring). In the active voice, it means 'to bring to', 'to offer', or 'to present'. In the passive voice, as seen here, it means 'to be brought to', 'to be offered', or 'to be presented'. It can also be used in a more general sense to mean 'to be added' or 'to be annexed', especially in the context of territory.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead, to bring'.

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ep-ER-kho-men-os

Translations: coming upon, approaching, attacking, going over, visiting, a coming upon, an approaching

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'coming upon' or 'approaching'. It can describe someone or something that is in the process of arriving, or moving towards a place or person. It can also imply an attack or an adverse event that is about to happen. In some contexts, it can mean to go over or visit a place.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the prefix ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It literally means 'to come upon' or 'to go to'.

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G4757

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tahs

Translations: soldiers

Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army or military force. It is typically used to describe individuals who serve in a military capacity, often in a group. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the subject of a description.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word στρατιώτης (stratiōtēs) comes from στρατιά (stratia), meaning 'army' or 'military service', which itself is derived from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

G4867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ah-THROI-zen

Translations: he was gathering, he was collecting, he was assembling

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning "to gather together," "to collect," or "to assemble." It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is formed from the preposition "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb "ἀθροίζω" (athroizō), meaning "to gather" or "to collect." It is typically used to describe the act of bringing people or things into one place.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ (athroizō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to collect.' ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ itself comes from the word ἄθροος (athroos), meaning 'crowded' or 'in a mass,' which is related to ἀθρόος (athroos), meaning 'together in a crowd.'

G5411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOH-roos

Translations: tribute, tax, a tax, a tribute

Notes: This word refers to a payment, tribute, or tax, often imposed by a ruler or government. It signifies something that is 'borne' or 'carried' as an obligation. It is used in sentences to denote the financial or material contribution required from subjects or citizens.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΔΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΡΟΣ (phoros) comes from the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It refers to something that is 'borne' or 'brought' as a payment or tribute.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: meh-ga-LOOS

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great one, a large one, a mighty one

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something as great, large, or mighty. It can refer to physical size, importance, intensity, or power. It is the masculine plural accusative form of the adjective, meaning it would typically modify a masculine plural noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: null

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-TIH-thay

Translations: was laying upon, was placing upon, was putting upon, was imposing, was attacking

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (upon, on) and the verb τίθημι (to place, to put). It means to lay upon, place upon, or put upon something or someone. It can also mean to impose something, or to attack someone by laying hands on them or setting upon them. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PRAH-toh-MEH-nos

Translations: doing, performing, accomplishing, practicing, exacting, a doing one, a performing one

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do,' 'to perform,' or 'to accomplish.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the process of doing, performing, or practicing an action. It can also imply the idea of exacting or demanding something. In a sentence, it would describe the ongoing action of the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

G5401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHOH-boh

Translations: (to) fear, (to) dread, (to) reverence, (to) awe, fear, dread, reverence, awe, a fear, a dread

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos), meaning 'fear', 'dread', 'reverence', or 'awe'. In the dative case, it often indicates the means by which something is done, or the object to which the fear is directed. For example, it can be translated as 'by fear' or 'with fear', or 'to fear' when used with verbs that imply an object of fear or reverence. It can also denote the state of being in fear or awe.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee' or 'to be afraid'. It is related to verbs of fleeing and being put to flight.

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ta-ra-KHEE

Translations: trouble, disturbance, a disturbance, agitation, commotion, a commotion

Notes: This word refers to a state of agitation, disturbance, or commotion. It can describe a physical upheaval, a mental or emotional distress, or a general state of disorder. It is often used to describe a tumultuous situation or a feeling of inner turmoil.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ταράσσω (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble, disturb, stir up'.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ah-GINE

Translations: to gather, to assemble, to bring together, to collect, to convene

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΣΥΝΑΓΩ. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Therefore, it literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together'. It is used to describe the act of collecting people or things into one place, assembling a group, or bringing various elements into a unified whole.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΑΓΩ is a compound of the Greek preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. This combination reflects the core meaning of bringing things or people into a unified collection or assembly.

G2559

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: kah-koh-AY-thohs

Translations: maliciously, spitefully, wickedly, mischievously, with ill-will

Notes: This adverb describes an action performed with malice, ill-will, or a mischievous intent. It implies a disposition to do harm or to act in a spiteful manner. It is derived from the adjective 'kakoēthēs', meaning 'malicious' or 'ill-natured'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΣ, ΔΟΛΙΩΣ, ΦΘΟΝΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The root adjective ΚΑΚΟΗΘΗΣ is a compound word formed from ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and ἦθος (ēthos), meaning 'character' or 'disposition'. Thus, it literally means 'having a bad character'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1223

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-KEE-meh-noh

Translations: being disposed, being in a certain state, being situated, being arranged, being laid out

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive participle of the verb ΔΙΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ. It describes someone or something that is in a particular state, condition, or disposition. It can refer to being situated in a place, being arranged in a certain way, or having a particular mental or emotional state. It is often used to describe the condition of things or people.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΕΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-tos

Translations: first, a first, chief, principal, foremost, the first

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, rank, or importance. It can be used as an adjective to describe a noun, or it can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the first one' or 'the chief person/thing'. It indicates precedence or priority.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the English word 'prior'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1517

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-PRAX-ah-men-os

Translations: having exacted, having collected, having demanded, having recovered

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. Together, it means to exact, collect, or demand payment or tribute. It implies the act of recovering something due, often with a sense of compulsion or official action. In this form, it describes someone who has completed the action of exacting or collecting.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΠΑΙΤΕΩ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G4367

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-teh-TAG-meh-nah

Translations: commanded things, things commanded, orders, instructions

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been commanded' or 'that which has been commanded'. In its neuter plural form, it refers to 'things that have been commanded' or 'orders/instructions'. It is often used to describe duties, laws, or directives that have been given.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΑΙ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑΤΑ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word προστάσσω (prostassō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange towards' or 'to set in order for'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-loss

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a lover

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'lover.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection. It is often used to describe close relationships.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'philos' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of.' It is related to other words in Greek that express affection and friendship.

G4998

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SOH-fron

Translations: sound-minded, self-controlled, prudent, sensible, temperate, discreet

Notes: This word describes someone who is of sound mind, exercising self-control and good judgment. It implies a balanced and disciplined character, often used to commend a person's sensible and moderate behavior. It can be used to describe a person, an action, or a way of life.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΡΑΤΗΣ, ΝΗΦΑΛΙΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of σῶς (sōs), meaning 'safe, sound', and φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind, intellect'. Thus, it literally means 'of sound mind' or 'having a sound mind'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-sen

Translations: it seemed good, it seemed best, it was decided, it pleased, it was thought, it was resolved

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided'. It is often used impersonally to express a decision or a consensus, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or pleasing to someone or a group. For example, 'it seemed good to them' or 'it was decided by the council'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G2323

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: the-rah-PEH-oo-ein

Translations: to heal, to cure, to serve, to worship, to attend, to restore

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to heal' or 'to cure' in a physical sense, often referring to the restoration of health. It can also mean 'to serve' or 'to attend to' someone, implying care or ministration. In a religious context, it can mean 'to worship' or 'to render religious service to God'. Its meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΙΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'θεραπεύω' (therapeuō) comes from 'θεράπων' (therapōn), meaning 'attendant' or 'servant'. It originally referred to the act of serving or attending to someone, which then extended to caring for the sick and, by extension, healing them.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-PRAS-kon-toh

Translations: they were being sold, they were being put up for sale

Notes: This word describes an action of being sold or put up for sale, often in a continuous or repeated manner in the past. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb πιπράσκω (pipraskō), meaning 'to sell'. The prefix ἐπί can intensify the meaning or indicate a specific context of sale.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΩΛΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TAN-droi

Translations: with all its men, with all their men, with all its inhabitants, with all their inhabitants, men and all, whole, complete

Notes: This word is an adjective, often used to describe cities or places that are captured or sold along with all their inhabitants or men. It emphasizes the completeness of the capture or sale, meaning that no one was left behind. It is a compound word formed from αὐτός (autos, 'self, same') and ἀνήρ (aner, 'man, male person').

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek word αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self' or 'same', and ἀνήρ (aner), meaning 'man' or 'male person'. It literally means 'self-man' or 'man-himself', conveying the idea of 'men and all' or 'with all its men'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1984

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-meh-lay-TAI

Translations: overseers, a superintendent, a guardian, a manager, a caretaker

Notes: This word refers to individuals who are responsible for overseeing, managing, or caring for something or someone. They act as superintendents, guardians, or managers, ensuring that tasks are completed or that people/things are looked after properly. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'μέλει' (it is a care, it concerns).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΙ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΙ

G1716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ayn-drah-po-DEE-se

Translations: enslaved, made slaves of, carried off into slavery

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb ἀνδραποδίζω (andrapodizo), meaning 'to enslave' or 'to make slaves of'. The prefix ἐξ- (ex-) intensifies the action, implying a complete or thorough enslavement. It describes the act of reducing people to slavery, often by capture or conquest.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΩ, ΑΙΧΜΑΛΩΤΙΖΩ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GOHF-nah

Translations: Gophna

Notes: Gophna is a proper noun referring to an ancient town or region in Judea, located north of Jerusalem. It was a significant administrative center during the Roman period. The word itself does not change form based on gender or number, but its case might change depending on its function in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The name 'Gophna' is of Semitic origin, likely Aramaic, and refers to a place known for its vineyards. It is related to the Hebrew word 'gofen' (גפן), meaning 'vine'.

G2412

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: am-mah-OOS

Translations: Emmaus

Notes: Emmaus was an ancient town in Judea, located about seven miles northwest of Jerusalem. It is famously mentioned in the Gospel of Luke as the destination of two disciples who encountered the resurrected Jesus on the road after his crucifixion. The exact location of the biblical Emmaus is debated among scholars, with several sites proposed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Emmaus' is believed to be derived from a Hebrew word meaning 'hot springs' or 'warm baths', suggesting the presence of such features in the area.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOW-tays

Translations: to these, with these, by these, in these, these

Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object, means, instrument, or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'with', 'by', or 'in'. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ex-EL-the

Translations: he went out, he came out, he went forth, he came forth, he went against, he came against, he attacked

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes ἐπί (epi, 'upon' or 'against') and ἐξ (ex, 'out of') combined with the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come' or 'to go'). It means 'to go out against', 'to come forth', or 'to attack'. It describes an action of moving out or forth, often with the implication of opposition or hostility.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LEIN

Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Depending on the context, it can mean to take something up, to remove or take away, or more commonly, to destroy or kill someone. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, to seize').

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G494

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-PAH-troo

Translations: (of) Antipater

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Antipater'. Antipater was a common name in the ancient world, notably borne by several historical figures, including the father of Herod the Great. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Antipater's' or 'belonging to Antipater'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀντί (anti, "against, instead of") and πατήρ (patēr, "father"). It literally means "instead of the father" or "like the father."

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohn

Translations: of one's own, of private things, of peculiar things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἴδιος' (idios). It refers to something that is one's own, private, or peculiar to an individual or group. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic. For example, it can mean 'their own' or 'his own' when referring to possessions or personal matters.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ, ἙΑΥΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self' and emphasizes personal possession or distinctiveness.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psas

Translations: having sent, one who sent, he who sent, when he had sent

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'one who sent', indicating the person or thing that performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-skheh

Translations: he held back, he stopped, he delayed, he restrained, he paid attention, he applied himself

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΕΠΕΧΩ (epechō). It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to hold back', 'to stop', 'to delay', 'to restrain', or 'to pay attention to' or 'to apply oneself to'. In the provided examples, it seems to convey the sense of holding back or delaying.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΑΝΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΠΕΧΩ (epechō) is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G0521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PAI-ren

Translations: he took away, he carried away, he departed, he removed, he lifted up

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apairō'. It means 'he took away', 'he carried away', 'he departed', or 'he removed'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often implying a movement away from a place or a removal of something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and αἴρω (airō, "I lift, I take up").

G1916

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-eh-boo-LEU-sen

Translations: plotted against, conspired against, purposed, planned, took counsel

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to plot, conspire, or plan against someone. It implies a deliberate and often malicious intent to harm or deceive. It can also simply mean to purpose or decide something. In the provided context, it clearly indicates a hostile action, such as plotting against someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan', and the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against'.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zohn

Translations: thinking, supposing, considering, believing, accustomed, observing, a thinking, a supposing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'νομίζω'. It describes someone who is currently thinking, supposing, or considering something. It can also refer to someone who is accustomed to a certain practice or observes a custom. It is often used to introduce a thought or belief held by the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G2990

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-then

Translations: escaped notice, was hidden, forgot, was unaware

Notes: This word means to escape notice, to be hidden, or to forget. It describes an action that happens without someone being aware of it. It can also mean to do something secretly or without being observed. It is often used to indicate that something was done or happened without someone's knowledge.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΛΗΘΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leh₂-dʰ- (to be hidden, to escape notice). It is related to the English word 'latent'.

G0494

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tron

Translations: Antipater

Notes: Antipater is a Greek proper name, meaning 'instead of the father' or 'like the father'. It refers to several historical figures, most notably Antipater the Idumaean, father of Herod the Great, and Antipater of Thessalonica, a Greek poet. In the provided context, it refers to a specific individual named Antipater.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The name Antipater is derived from the Greek words 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G0143

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ahee-STHOH-meh-nos

Translations: perceiving, understanding, realizing, noticing, becoming aware, having perceived, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἰσθάνομαι', meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes an action that is either ongoing or completed by the subject of the main verb. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action, such as 'when he perceived' or 'because he understood'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΟΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-HOH-rei

Translations: had room, contained, made room, went, proceeded, advanced, withdrew

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'χωρέω'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can mean to have room, to contain, to make room for, or to go/proceed/advance. The specific meaning often depends on the context, especially whether it's used with a direct object or in a spatial sense.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: From 'χῶρος' (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. The verb 'χωρέω' thus relates to moving into or having space.

G4008

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: peh-RAN

Translations: beyond, over, on the other side, across

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side,' indicating a location or direction. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'beyond' or 'across' something, indicating movement or position relative to a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the root *per- meaning 'to pass through, to go over.' It is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross.'

G1475

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eng-KHO-ree-on

Translations: local, native, indigenous, a local thing, a native thing

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to, originates from, or is characteristic of a particular place or country. It refers to something that is 'in the country' or 'of the place'. It can be used to describe people, customs, or things that are specific to a certain locality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΙΚΟΣ, ΕΠΙΧΩΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in', and ΧΩΡΑ (chora), meaning 'country' or 'place'. It literally means 'in the country' or 'of the place'.

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-ee-nos

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty, powerful, clever, skillful, a terrible, a dreadful

Notes: This adjective describes something as terrible, dreadful, or fearful, often implying a sense of awe or danger. It can also mean mighty or powerful, indicating great strength or influence. In some contexts, it can even refer to someone who is clever or skillful, particularly in a way that is impressive or formidable. It is used to qualify nouns, describing their nature or quality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to fear' or 'to dread'. It is related to words expressing terror or power.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0720

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-NEH-ee-toh

Translations: was denying, was refusing, was disowning, denied, refused, disowned

Notes: This word means to deny, refuse, or disown. It is an imperfect tense verb, indicating an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It is often used when someone denies an accusation, refuses to acknowledge a fact, or disowns a person or belief.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΝΟΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀρνέομαι (arnéomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἀρα (ara), meaning 'curse' or 'prayer', or perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn away'.

G0626

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-lo-GOO-meh-nos

Translations: defending oneself, making a defense, apologizing, speaking in defense

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'apologeo'. It describes someone who is in the act of defending themselves, making a formal defense, or speaking in their own behalf. It implies a reasoned argument or explanation to justify actions or beliefs, rather than an expression of regret for wrongdoing.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΟΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ἈΠΟΛΟΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon-tos

Translations: of having, of possessing, of holding, of being, of having a, of possessing a, of holding a, of being a

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or being. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a characteristic of something, similar to 'of one who has' or 'of that which has'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BAH-leh-toh

Translations: he/she/it threw, he/she/it cast, he/she/it laid, he/she/it placed

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist indicative, third person singular, middle voice. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject performs the action for their own benefit or on themselves. It can mean 'he/she/it threw for himself/herself/itself', 'he/she/it cast', 'he/she/it laid down', or 'he/she/it placed'. The specific meaning often depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-ton

Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").

G639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-REE-an

Translations: perplexity, a perplexity, distress, a distress, difficulty, a difficulty, embarrassment, an embarrassment, want, a want, lack, a lack

Notes: This word refers to a state of being at a loss, without resources, or in a difficult situation. It can describe a lack of means, a state of perplexity, or a feeling of being stuck without a way forward. It is often used to describe a situation of distress or a problem that is hard to solve.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΙΑ, ΑΜΗΧΑΝΙΑ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΡΙΑ (aporia) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'no way' or 'without passage/resource'.

G2644

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tal-LAS-seh-tai

Translations: is reconciled, is changed, is restored to favor

Notes: This word means to be reconciled, to be changed, or to be restored to favor. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to exchange'. In its passive form, as seen here, it describes the state of someone or something being brought back into harmony or agreement, often after a period of estrangement or conflict. It implies a transformation of relationship from hostility to friendship.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΝΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ

G4819

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEE-san

Translations: they happened, they occurred, they came to pass, they befell

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step.' Together, it means 'to go together,' 'to come together,' or 'to happen.' It describes events or circumstances that occur or come to pass, often implying a coincidence or a natural progression of events. It can be used to describe things that happen to someone or something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step.'

G4754

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOON-tos

Translations: commanding, leading, being a general, while commanding, (of) one commanding

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'strategéō', meaning 'to be a general' or 'to command an army'. It describes someone who is in the act of leading or commanding. It is often used in a genitive absolute construction to indicate a concurrent action, such as 'while he was commanding' or 'when someone was in command'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'strategéō' is a compound word formed from 'stratós' (army) and 'ágō' (to lead). Thus, it literally means 'to lead an army'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3506

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: neh-oh-teh-roh-poy-OON-tah

Translations: making innovations, innovating, revolting, stirring up revolution

Notes: This word describes the act of making new things, introducing innovations, or, more commonly in a political or social context, stirring up revolution or attempting to change the established order. It implies a desire for change, often with a connotation of rebellion or sedition. It is a compound word formed from 'νεώτερος' (newer, younger) and 'ποιέω' (to make, to do).

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΝΟΤΟΜΕΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΤΑΣΙΑΖΩ

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: mee-KRON

Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-le-SAN-tos

Translations: having called alongside, having exhorted, having comforted, having encouraged, having appealed, having requested, of one who called alongside, of one who exhorted, of one who comforted, of one who encouraged, of one who appealed, of one who requested

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'parakaleo'. It describes an action that has already occurred, performed by the subject. It can mean 'having called alongside', 'having exhorted', 'having comforted', 'having encouraged', 'having appealed', or 'having requested'. As a genitive participle, it often functions to describe the circumstances or agent of an action, similar to a subordinate clause like 'when he had exhorted' or 'because he had requested'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΗΣΑΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleo), meaning 'to call'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to call alongside'.

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-SOH-sen

Translations: saved completely, preserved, rescued, delivered, brought safely through

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb σῴζω (sōzō), meaning 'to save'. Together, it means to save completely, to preserve fully, or to bring safely through a dangerous situation. It implies a thorough and comprehensive act of salvation or preservation. In this form, it describes an action that was completed in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ

G0686, G0685

Part of Speech: Particle, Noun

Sounds like: AH-rah

Translations: then, therefore, so, consequently, perhaps, indeed, is it that?, curse, an imprecation

Notes: The word 'ἈΡΑ' can function as a particle or a noun. As a particle, it is used to introduce a question, often expecting a negative answer, or to draw an inference, meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It can also express a degree of uncertainty or possibility, translating to 'perhaps' or 'indeed'. As a noun, 'ἈΡΑ' refers to a curse or an imprecation, a solemn utterance intended to invoke a supernatural power to inflict harm or punishment on someone or something.

Inflection: As a particle, it does not inflect. As a noun, it is Feminine, Singular, Nominative.

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓Ν, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑ

Etymology: The particle 'ἈΡΑ' is of uncertain origin, possibly an onomatopoeic exclamation. The noun 'ἈΡΑ' (curse) is also of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb 'ἀράομαι' (araomai) meaning 'to pray, to curse'.

G4061

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-SOH-sas

Translations: having saved completely, having preserved, having rescued, having kept safe

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'perisōzō', which is a compound word formed from 'peri' (around, about, completely) and 'sōzō' (to save, preserve). It describes an action of saving or preserving that has been completed, often with the nuance of thoroughness or completeness. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject has performed the action of saving or preserving.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΣΩΣΑΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb 'perisōzō' is a compound of 'peri' (around, about, completely) and 'sōzō' (to save, preserve). 'Sōzō' comes from the root 'saos', meaning 'safe' or 'sound'.

G1458

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-kheh-EE-ri-san

Translations: they handed over, they entrusted, they delivered, they committed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hand over,' 'to entrust,' or 'to deliver.' It implies the act of placing something into someone's hands or committing a task or responsibility to them. It is often used in contexts where authority, possession, or a duty is transferred from one party to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word Ἐγχειρίζω is a compound verb formed from the preposition Ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into,' and the noun Χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand.' Thus, it literally means 'to put into the hand' or 'to place in hand,' which evolved into the meaning 'to hand over' or 'to entrust.'

G3599, G2068, G103

Part of Speech: Noun, Participle

Sounds like: DON-tes

Translations: teeth, eating, singing, a tooth

Notes: This word is a homograph, meaning it can refer to different words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and origins. In Koine Greek, 'ΔΟΝΤΕΣ' can be the plural form of the noun 'ὀδούς' (odous), meaning 'teeth'. It can also be the masculine nominative plural active participle of the verb 'ἐσθίω' (esthíō), meaning 'eating' or 'those who eat'. Additionally, it can be the masculine nominative plural active participle of the verb 'ᾄδω' (adō), meaning 'singing' or 'those who sing'. The specific meaning depends entirely on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Noun: Masculine, Nominative, Plural. Participle: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Present, Active.

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΣΘΙΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΔΟΝΤΕΣ

G2462

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ip-pee-KAYN

Translations: equestrian, of horses, of cavalry, a cavalry, a cavalry force

Notes: This word describes something related to horses or cavalry. It is an adjective that can be used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun pertains to horses, horsemen, or the art of horsemanship. For example, it could refer to a cavalry unit or equestrian skills.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΠΠΕΥΣ, ΙΠΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΠΠΙΚΟΣ (hippikos) is derived from the noun ἵππος (hippos), meaning 'horse'. It refers to anything pertaining to horses or horsemanship.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pos-KHO-meh-noy

Translations: promising, having promised

Notes: This word is a participle form of the verb 'to promise' or 'to undertake'. It describes an action of promising that has already occurred or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. For example, it could describe people who are in the act of promising something, or who have already made a promise.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word Ὑπισχνέομαι (hypischneomai) is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and the verb ἴσχω (ischō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to have'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under (an obligation)' or 'to undertake'.

G0322

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-DIX-ayn

Translations: to show, to point out, to proclaim, to declare, to appoint, to make known

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and the verb δείκνυμι (deíknymi, 'to show, to point out'). It means to show forth, to point out, to proclaim, or to declare. It can also be used in the sense of appointing someone to an office or making something known publicly. For example, one might 'proclaim' a king or 'appoint' a leader.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ, ΚΗΡΎΣΣΩ, ἈΠΟΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναδείκνυμι is formed from the prefix ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb δείκνυμι (deíknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'.

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eis-TEE-kay

Translations: had stood together, had been constituted, had been composed, had been formed, had been established

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It describes something that had been formed, composed, or established together, often implying a state of being constituted or existing as a whole. It refers to a past state of being joined or standing together.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G1167

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DEE-sas

Translations: having feared, fearing, being afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of fearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΙΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΗΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δείδω' (deidō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to be afraid' or 'to flee'. It is related to words signifying dread or flight.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-toh

Translations: was making, was doing, made, did, was producing, was performing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'poieō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it means 'was making for oneself' or 'was doing for oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'was being made' or 'was being done'. The context usually clarifies whether it's middle or passive.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G0694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GYOO-ree-oh

Translations: (to) silver, (with) silver, (by) silver, (for) silver, (to) money, (with) money, (by) money, (for) money, a silver, a money

Notes: This word refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly, as currency or money made of silver. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'with', 'by', 'to', or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΚΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΓΥΡΙΟΝ (argyrios) is derived from the adjective ἀργύρεος (argyrios), meaning 'of silver', which in turn comes from ἄργυρος (argyros), meaning 'silver'.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G2068

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-THEE-ohn-toh

Translations: they were eating, they ate, they used to eat

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'they were eating' or 'they ate'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that occurred in the past. It is a compound word, combining the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', with the verb ΕΣΘΙΩ (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. The prefix here intensifies the action or indicates direction into something, though often in this context it simply means 'to eat' or 'to consume'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΕΣΘΙΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΣΘΙΩ (esthiō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to eat'. It is related to words for eating in many other Indo-European languages.

G5332

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phar-MA-koh

Translations: of sorcerers, of magicians, of enchanters, of poisoners, of drug-users

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'pharmakos'. It refers to those who practice sorcery, magic, or enchantment, often involving the use of drugs, potions, or poisons. It can also refer to those who administer or use such substances.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΓΟΙ, ΕΠΑΟΙΔΟΙ, ΓΟΗΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'pharmakos' comes from 'pharmakon', meaning 'drug' or 'poison'. Over time, it came to refer to those who used such substances, especially in magical or ritualistic contexts.

G0435

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-dra

Translations: man, a man, husband, a husband

Notes: This word refers to a male human being, often specifically an adult male, or a husband. It is the accusative singular form of the noun 'ἈΝΗΡ' (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'husband'. It is used when the man or husband is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΝΗΡ' (anēr) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to a male human being.

G3697

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lee-tas

Translations: hoplite, a hoplite, heavy-armed soldier, a heavy-armed soldier

Notes: An hoplite was a heavily armed foot soldier in ancient Greece. They were typically equipped with a large round shield (hoplon), a spear, and a sword. Hoplites fought in a phalanx formation, a tightly packed rectangular unit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor', referring to the shield carried by these soldiers.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

G2090

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-treh-PIZ-en

Translations: to prepare, to make ready, to make fit, to make suitable, to arrange, to set in order

Notes: This verb means to prepare or make something ready. It implies putting things in order or making them suitable for a specific purpose or event. It can be used in various contexts, such as preparing a meal, making a place ready for guests, or preparing oneself for a task.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἙΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὐτρεπίζω (eutrepízō), from εὐτρεπής (eutrepḗs, 'ready, prepared'), which is from εὖ (eu, 'well') + τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn, to direct').

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: gno-NTON

Translations: (of) knowing, (of) understanding, (of) perceiving, (of) recognizing, (of) learning, (of) realizing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it indicates an action of knowing or understanding performed by multiple subjects, often used in a genitive absolute construction to provide background or circumstantial information for the main clause.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-ON-tone

Translations: of having, of holding, of possessing, of those who have, of those who hold, of those who possess

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the genitive plural, it often translates as 'of those who have' or 'of the ones possessing', indicating possession or a characteristic of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G1844

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ex-AR-nos

Translations: denying, denying completely, disowning, disavowing

Notes: This adjective describes someone who is in a state of denying or disowning something completely. It implies a firm and absolute refusal to acknowledge or accept a fact, a person, or a statement. It is often used to describe someone who denies knowledge of an event or denies their involvement in something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΝΗΤΙΚΟΣ, ΑΡΝΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐξ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'completely', and ἄρνος (arnos), related to ἀρνέομαι (arneomai), meaning 'to deny'. The combination emphasizes a complete or emphatic denial.

G5408

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOH-noo

Translations: of murder, of slaughter, of killing, murder, slaughter, killing

Notes: This word refers to the act of murder, slaughter, or killing. It is a noun that describes the violent taking of a life. It can be used in various contexts to denote the act itself or the result of such an act.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ, ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΝΟΣ (phonos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷhen-, meaning 'to strike, kill'. It is related to other words in Greek and other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of striking or killing.

G2150

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-SEH-beh-yah

Translations: piety, godliness, a piety, a godliness, religion, reverence

Notes: This word refers to piety, godliness, or reverence towards God. It encompasses a proper attitude and conduct in relation to divine matters, often implying devotion and respect for religious duties and beliefs. It can also refer to the practice of religion itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΡΗΣΚΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΕΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: From the Greek words εὐ- (eu-), meaning 'well' or 'good', and σέβομαι (sebomaí), meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere'. Thus, it literally means 'well-worship' or 'good reverence'.

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nay

Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness, a justice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. It encompasses concepts of uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's character or the state of being right with God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns.

G1308

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-eh-neng-KOHN

Translations: excelling, differing, carrying through, enduring, being superior, being better

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαφέρω' (diapherō). It describes an action of excelling, being superior, or differing from others. It can also mean to carry through or endure. In the provided examples, it is used to describe someone who excels in a particular quality, such as 'excelling in reverence and righteousness' or 'excelling in dignity of life'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH

Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It describes an action of knowing or recognizing that occurred in the past, often implying a completed or definite act of gaining knowledge or understanding. It can be used in sentences like 'he knew' or 'she recognized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4245

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roh

Translations: older, elder, an elder, older person, an older person

Notes: This word describes someone who is older in age or more advanced in years. It can also refer to an 'elder' in a community or religious context, indicating a position of authority or respect due to age and experience. It is often used to distinguish between younger and older individuals, or to denote leaders within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the comparative form of the adjective πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old' or 'aged'.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay

Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-GHEE-nes-thai

Translations: to survive, to overcome, to excel, to be superior, to be left over, to remain

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be'. In its various forms, it can mean to survive or be left over, to overcome or get the better of someone or something, or to excel and be superior. It describes a state of being beyond or above a certain condition or opponent.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΑΙ

G2666

Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb

Sounds like: kah-TAR-khein

Translations: to begin, to make a beginning, to initiate, to offer first fruits

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, against') and the verb ἄρχω (archō, 'to begin, to rule'). It means to make a beginning, to initiate something, or to be the first to do something. It can also refer to offering the first fruits of a sacrifice or undertaking. It is used to describe the commencement of an action or event.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΡΧΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΑΡΧΩ (archō), meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. The combination suggests the idea of making a beginning or initiating something, often with a sense of bringing it down or establishing it.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-mee-STHOH-seen

Translations: they may be thought, they may be considered, they may be believed, they may be accustomed

Notes: This is a verb indicating an action of thinking, believing, or considering. It is used to describe what people might think or consider about a subject or person. It can also refer to being accustomed to something or holding a custom. The form suggests a potential or hypothetical action.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From νόμος (nomos), meaning 'custom, law'. The verb νομίζω originally meant 'to do by custom, to use customarily', and then evolved to 'to hold as a custom or belief', and finally 'to think, to consider'.

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-DEH-kheh-tai

Translations: receives, accepts, awaits, expects, is received, is accepted, is awaited, is expected

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Together, it means to receive or accept something, often with an implication of welcoming or waiting for it. It can also mean to await or expect something or someone. It is used in sentences where someone is receiving, accepting, or anticipating an action or object.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-een

Translations: to believe, to trust, to have faith, to be convinced

Notes: This word means to believe, to trust, or to have faith in someone or something. It implies a conviction or reliance. It is often used in the New Testament to describe faith in God or Jesus Christ, indicating a deep conviction and commitment. It can also be used in a more general sense of believing a statement or a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ (pisteuō) comes from the Greek word ΠΙΣΤΙΣ (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. It is related to the concept of being persuaded or convinced.

G5271

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-KREE-ne-teh

Translations: he pretends, he acts, he plays a part, he feigns, he dissembles

Notes: This word describes the action of pretending, acting a role, or feigning something. It implies putting on an appearance that may not be genuine, often with the intent to deceive or conceal. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'secretly') and 'κρίνω' (krinō, meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'), originally referring to an actor who 'answers' or 'interprets' a role, and later evolving to mean 'to pretend' or 'to dissemble'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΟΙΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΑΣΣΟΜΑΙ

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G2885

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KOS-mei

Translations: he was adorning, she was adorning, it was adorning, he adorned, she adorned, it adorned, he was arranging, she was arranging, it was arranging, he arranged, she arranged, it arranged

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), which means to arrange, put in order, adorn, decorate, or embellish. In this form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone or something was in the process of adorning or arranging. It can be used to describe the act of making something beautiful or orderly.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΛΥΝΩ, ΚΟΜΨΕΥΩ

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-ee-an

Translations: Samaria

Notes: This word refers to Samaria, a historical and biblical region in the ancient Near East, located in the central highlands of the Land of Israel. It was the capital city of the northern Kingdom of Israel and later a Roman province. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating motion towards or extension over a place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It refers to the hill on which the city of Samaria was built.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOHN

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having apprehended, having overtaken, having understood, having perceived, having attained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to take hold of, seize, apprehend, overtake, or understand. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can indicate the means by which something happens, the cause, or simply a preceding action. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G2559

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-kah-KOH-meh-nayn

Translations: having been mistreated, having been afflicted, having been harmed, having been oppressed, having been ill-treated, having been damaged

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb κακόω (kakoō), meaning 'to mistreat, afflict, harm, or oppress'. It describes something or someone that has undergone suffering or damage. In this form, it functions adjectivally, describing a noun that has been subjected to ill-treatment or hardship.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ

G3530

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NEH-ee-kay

Translations: strife, contention, a strife, a contention, dispute, quarrel, rivalry

Notes: This word refers to a state of strife, contention, or a quarrel. It describes a situation of conflict or rivalry between individuals or groups. It can be used to describe a dispute or a heated argument.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: This word is derived from the root of νείκος (neikos), meaning 'strife' or 'quarrel'. It is related to the verb νικάω (nikaō), meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome', suggesting a struggle or contest.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G1763

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-STA-sees

Translations: occurrence, presence, a presence, a standing in, an onset, an attack, an objection, an opposition

Notes: This word refers to the act of standing in or being present, often implying an occurrence or the arrival of something. It can also denote an onset or attack, or more abstractly, an objection or opposition. In the provided context, it seems to refer to the 'occurrence' or 'arrival' of a festival.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΣΤΑΣΙΣ (enstasis) comes from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', and the noun στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state'. Thus, it literally means 'a standing in' or 'a state of being in'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G3918

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-GHEE-neh-toh

Translations: he was coming, he was arriving, he was present, he was appearing, he was becoming present

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παραγίνομαι' (paraginomai), which means 'to come alongside, to arrive, to be present, or to appear'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is often used to indicate someone's arrival at a place or their presence at an event.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G0389

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-eh-PEY-sen

Translations: persuaded, convinced, enticed, seduced

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἀναπείθω (anapetho). It means to persuade, convince, or entice someone, often with a connotation of leading them astray or seducing them to do something, especially something wrong. It describes an action completed in the past by a single subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ἘΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΡΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναπείθω (anapetho) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb πείθω (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. The combination suggests persuading someone to change their mind or to do something, often implying a negative or misleading persuasion.

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-pine

Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit

Notes: This word means to give permission or to allow something to happen. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone's care. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or responsibility is assigned.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτρέπω (epitrépō), from ἐπί (epí, 'upon, to') + τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn'). The sense evolved from 'to turn over to' to 'to permit' or 'to entrust'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEY-theh-tai

Translations: he is persuaded, he obeys, he trusts, he yields, he submits

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be persuaded, to obey, or to trust. It describes the action of someone being convinced by another, or of submitting to authority or advice. It can also imply a sense of reliance or confidence in someone or something. It is often used in contexts where one person is influenced by or complies with another.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΙΚΩ

G4295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-VEV-blee-toh

Translations: it had been thrown forward, it had been put forth, it had been projected, it had been cast forward

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb προβάλλω (proballō). It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present, from the perspective of the subject having received the action. It is a compound word formed from πρό (pro, meaning 'before' or 'forward') and βάλλω (ballō, meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'). Therefore, it literally means 'to throw forward' or 'to put forth'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

G0612

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-ko-LOO-seh-ohss

Translations: (of) hindrance, (of) prevention, (of) obstruction, a hindrance, an obstruction

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of hindering, preventing, or obstructing something. It describes the state or action of being stopped or held back. It is typically used to indicate a barrier or impediment to an action or process.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΣΜΑ, ΚΩΛΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the verb ἀποκωλύω (apokōlyō), meaning 'to hinder' or 'to prevent', which itself comes from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and κωλύω (kōlyō, 'to hinder, prevent').

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEIN

Translations: to be necessary, to be needful, to be proper, to be right, to be fitting, to be binding, to be obligatory, to be due, to be destined, to be fated, to be required, to be compelled, to be obliged, to need, to have to, must, ought

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the impersonal verb 'ΔΕΙ'. It means 'to be necessary' or 'it is necessary'. It is often used to express obligation, necessity, or what is proper or destined to happen. It typically takes an infinitive as its subject, indicating what must or ought to be done.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-lon

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, throng, a throng

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also denote a throng or a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear him speak.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to disturb' or 'to trouble', perhaps referring to the commotion a crowd can cause.

G0245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-lo-da-PON

Translations: foreign, alien, strange, a foreign thing, an alien thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is from another country, land, or people, indicating a sense of being an outsider or not belonging to the local group. It is used to refer to anything that is not native or indigenous.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other', and δάπεδον (dapedon), meaning 'ground' or 'land'. Thus, it literally means 'of another land'.

G0053

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ag-NEH-oo-on-tos

Translations: of purifying, of being pure, of being chaste, of consecrating oneself

Notes: This word describes the state or action of someone who is purifying themselves, being pure, or maintaining chastity. It can also refer to the act of consecrating oneself for a sacred purpose. As a genitive participle, it often indicates a possessive relationship or the source of an action, functioning similarly to 'of one who is purifying' or 'while one is purifying'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΟΝΤΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G1523

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-DEKH-es-thai

Translations: to receive, to admit, to welcome, to accept

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (into, to) and the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (to receive). It means to receive someone or something into a place, to admit them, or to welcome them. It can also mean to accept something. It is used to describe the act of taking in or allowing entry.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕἸΣ (into, to) and the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (to receive, accept).

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G5431

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fron-TEE-sas

Translations: having thought, having considered, having cared, having taken thought, having been anxious

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'phrontizo', meaning 'to think, consider, care for, or be anxious'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates that the subject performed the action of thinking or caring.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΩ, ΕΝΝΟΕΩ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G0032

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ang-GEH-lohn

Translations: of angels, of messengers

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ἈΓΓΕΛΟΣ' (angelos), which means 'messenger' or 'angel'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to using 'of' in English. Therefore, 'ἈΓΓΕΛΩΝ' typically translates to 'of angels' or 'of messengers', indicating something belonging to or related to multiple angels or messengers.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΩΝ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G5272

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-KREE-seen

Translations: hypocrisy, a hypocrisy, pretense, a pretense, dissimulation, a dissimulation

Notes: This word refers to the act of feigning to be what one is not, or to believe what one does not. It denotes a pretense, a false appearance, or dissimulation. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'underneath') and 'κρίσις' (krisis, meaning 'judgment' or 'decision'), originally referring to the act of an actor playing a role on stage, hence 'acting a part' or 'putting on a show'. In a moral sense, it describes a person who acts in a way that contradicts their true beliefs or character, often to deceive others.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΛΗΨΙΑ, ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΤΗ

G0300

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-KAH-lay-toh

Translations: was calling back, was recalling, was summoning back, was being called back, was being recalled, was being summoned back

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up, back') and καλέω (kaleō, 'to call'). It means to call back, recall, or summon back. In the middle voice, it can mean to recall for oneself or to be called back. In the passive voice, it means to be called back or recalled. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνακαλέω is derived from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb καλέω (kaléō), meaning 'to call'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOX-eh

Translations: it seemed, it was decided, it pleased, it seemed good

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seemed' or 'it was decided', especially in the sense of a decision or a judgment that was made. It can also convey the idea of something being pleasing or appearing good to someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive'. It developed in Greek to refer to what seems or appears to be the case, and then to what is decided or thought to be good.

G0553

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LENG-khein

Translations: to expose, to refute, to convict, to prove wrong, to show to be false

Notes: This word is a verb in the present active infinitive form. It means to expose, refute, or convict someone or something, often by bringing the truth to light or proving an argument to be false. It implies a thorough and convincing demonstration of error or guilt. It can be used in contexts where one is challenging a claim, revealing a hidden truth, or demonstrating someone's wrongdoing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΛΕΓΧΩ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΧΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΕΛΕΓΧΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἈΠΟ- (APO-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἘΛΕΓΧΩ (ELEGCHO), meaning 'to expose', 'to convict', or 'to refute'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of the root verb.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G0422

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-noo-POP-ton

Translations: unsuspecting, unsuspected, unfeigned, without suspicion, a thing unsuspected

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is not suspected, or is free from suspicion. It can also refer to a state of being unsuspecting or guileless. It is often used to describe actions or intentions that are genuine and not deceitful.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΚΑΚΟΣ, ΑΠΛΟΥΣ, ΑΔΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'un-') and ῠ̔πόπτος (hypoptos, 'suspected, suspicious'). Thus, it literally means 'unsuspected' or 'not under suspicion'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-fee-loh-froh-NEH-sthai

Translations: to return kindness, to be friendly in return, to show reciprocal favor

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from 'ἀντί' (anti, meaning 'in return' or 'opposite'), 'φιλόφρων' (philophron, meaning 'friendly' or 'kind'), and the verb ending '-έω'. It means to show kindness or friendliness in return for kindness received, or to reciprocate goodwill. It implies a mutual exchange of pleasantries or favors.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: teh-lew-TEES

Translations: of death, of an end, of a completion

Notes: This word refers to the act of dying, the end of life, or the completion of something. It is often used in contexts related to mortality or the conclusion of an event or process. In a sentence, it would typically function as a possessive or descriptive modifier, indicating something belonging to or related to death or an end.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΟΥ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

Etymology: The word τελευτή (teleutē) comes from the verb τελευτάω (teleutaō), meaning 'to finish, complete, die'. It is related to τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'.

G1989

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-STEL-len

Translations: was sending a message, was writing, was commanding, was instructing

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'to') and the verb 'στέλλω' (stellō, meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'). It generally means to send a message, to write a letter, or to give instructions or commands, often with the implication of sending something to someone. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or customary action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπιστέλλω (epistellō) is derived from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. The root στέλλω itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to set, to place, to arrange'.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-nos

Translations: and that one, and he, and she, and it, and those, and they

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'καί' (and) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (that one, he, she, it). It means 'and that one' or 'and he/she/it', often used to refer back to a previously mentioned person or thing, or to introduce another person or thing in a similar context. It functions as a pronoun with an added conjunctive sense.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Masculine

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-DOHS

Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-oss

Translations: such as, of what sort, what kind of, as, like, a such as

Notes: This word is an adjective or pronoun used to describe the quality or kind of something. It often functions as a relative pronoun, meaning 'such as' or 'of what sort', introducing a clause that specifies the nature of a preceding noun. It can also be used interrogatively, meaning 'what kind of?' or 'how great?'. It is used to draw comparisons or indicate similarity.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this') and the relative pronominal stem *yo- (meaning 'who, which'). It indicates a quality or kind, often in a comparative sense.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tep-i-STEL-lee

Translations: he writes back, he replies by letter, he sends a message in return

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return', and 'ἐπιστέλλω' (epistellō), meaning 'to send a message' or 'to write a letter'. Therefore, 'ἀντεπιστέλλει' means 'he writes back' or 'he sends a message in return'. It describes the action of responding to a written communication with another written communication.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ, ἈΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἈΝΤΙ (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return', and the verb ἘΠΙΣΤΕΛΛΩ (epistellō), meaning 'to send a message'. ἘΠΙΣΤΕΛΛΩ itself is formed from ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'.

G1293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-PEM-pee

Translations: send through, send across, dispatch, send away

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Therefore, διαπέμπει means 'to send through' or 'to send across'. It describes the action of dispatching someone or something from one place to another, often implying a journey or passage.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5184

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TOO-roh

Translations: Tyre, to Tyre, in Tyre

Notes: Tyre refers to an ancient and historically significant Phoenician city, located on the coast of modern-day Lebanon. It was renowned for its maritime trade and purple dye. In Koine Greek, it is often used in contexts referring to the city itself, or indicating movement towards or location within the city, typically with a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Tyre' comes from the Phoenician word 'Ṣūr', meaning 'rock' or 'fortress', referring to the rocky formation on which the city was originally built.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-PRAT-tane

Translations: to cooperate, to help, to work together, to assist

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to cooperate' or 'to work together with someone'. It is formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'πράττω' (pratto), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. It describes the action of jointly engaging in an activity or providing assistance to achieve a common goal.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΠΡΑΤΤΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΠΡΑΤΤΩ (pratto), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tee

Translations: about to be, future, (to) be about to, (to) intend, (to) be going to

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend'. It describes something that is imminent or in the future. It is often used to indicate an action that is on the point of happening or a state that is soon to exist. In this dative singular form, it often functions adverbially or as an adjective modifying a noun in the dative case.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΩ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΩ

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAX-ayn

Translations: to do, to act, to accomplish, to perform, to practice

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. It describes the action of doing, performing, or accomplishing something. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun or complements another verb, indicating the purpose or result of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΙΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'πράσσω' (prassō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂g- meaning 'to do, to make'. It is related to the noun 'πρᾶξις' (praxis), meaning 'a doing, a deed, an action'.

G2993

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: lah-oh-dee-KEH-ee-ahn

Translations: Laodicea

Notes: Laodicea refers to an ancient city in Phrygia, located in southwestern Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). It was a significant city in the Roman province of Asia and is known for its mention in the New Testament Book of Revelation as one of the seven churches of Asia. It was a wealthy commercial center, particularly known for its banking, black wool, and eye salve.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Laodicea is derived from the Greek words 'λαός' (laos), meaning 'people,' and 'δίκη' (dike), meaning 'justice' or 'right.' It was a common name for cities founded by Seleucid rulers, often named after their female relatives, in this case, Laodice, the wife of Antiochus II Theos.

G2046

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hay-RAY-koh-toss

Translations: of having said, of having spoken, of having told

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'erō', meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes someone who has completed the action of speaking or telling. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship to the act of speaking.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΙΡΗΚΟΤΟΣ, ΛΕΛΑΛΗΚΟΤΟΣ, ΕΙΠΟΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'erō' (to say, speak) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'rheō' (to flow) in the sense of 'uttering a stream of words'.

G2576

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KASS-see-oo

Translations: of Cassius

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Κάσσιος' (Cassius). It refers to a Roman family name, most notably Gaius Cassius Longinus, a leading instigator in the assassination of Julius Caesar. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'belonging to Cassius' or 'from Cassius'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Cassius' is of Latin origin, a Roman gens (clan) name. It is not a native Greek word but was transliterated into Greek.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EE-eh-san

Translations: they went away, they departed, they left

Notes: This word is the third person plural, imperfect or aorist indicative form of the verb 'ἀπέρχομαι' (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes an action of moving away from a place or situation, often implying a final departure. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo, 'from, away from') and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai, 'to come, to go').

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Imperfect or Aorist

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΒΑΙΝΟΝ, ἈΝΕΧΩΡΟΥΝ, ἘΞΗΡΧΟΝΤΟ

Etymology: The word ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai) is a compound verb derived from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. This combination signifies movement away from a point.

G4735, G4737

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: steh-FAH-noos

Translations: crowns, a crown, to crown, crowning

Notes: This word can be an inflected form of the noun 'στέφανος' (stephanos), meaning 'crown' or 'wreath', typically in the accusative plural case. It can also be an inflected form of the verb 'στεφανόω' (stephanoō), meaning 'to crown' or 'to encircle with a crown', often appearing as a participle. As a noun, it refers to the circular adornments worn on the head, often as a symbol of victory, honor, or royalty. As a verb, it describes the action of placing such an adornment on someone's head, or metaphorically, bestowing honor or victory.

Inflection: Noun: Plural, Accusative, Masculine; Verb: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΑ, ΣΤΕΦΑΝΩΜΑ

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: koh-MEE-zon-tes

Translations: carrying, bringing, receiving, recovering, obtaining, those carrying, those bringing, those receiving, those recovering, those obtaining

Notes: This word is the masculine nominative or accusative plural present active participle of the verb ΚΟΜΙΖΩ. The verb means to carry, bring, or convey something. It can also mean to receive, obtain, or recover something, often implying a return or a reward. As a participle, it describes an action happening concurrently with the main verb, functioning adjectivally to describe the subject or object, or substantively as 'those who are carrying/bringing/receiving'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G4328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-DOH-kah

Translations: I was expecting, I expected, I waited for, I looked for

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to expect', 'to wait for', or 'to look for'. It implies a state of anticipation or looking forward to something, often with a sense of certainty or strong belief that it will happen. It is used to describe an action that was ongoing or completed in the past.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word προσδοκάω (prosdokao) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb δοκάω (dokao), which is related to δοκέω (dokeo), meaning 'to seem' or 'to think'. Thus, it literally means 'to think towards' or 'to look towards', leading to the sense of expecting or anticipating.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-non

Translations: having become, having happened, having been, having been born, that which has come into being, a thing that has happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to 'that which has come into being' or 'a thing that has happened'. It implies a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G5403

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: foy-NEE-kays

Translations: of Phoenicia

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Phoenicia, an ancient civilization situated on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the region or its people, often in a geographical or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'the province of Phoenicia'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word Φοινίκη (Phoinikē) is derived from the Greek word φοῖνιξ (phoinix), which can refer to the date palm tree or the color purple-red. The region was known for its purple dye production and its date palms.

G4229

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRAG-ma

Translations: thing, a thing, matter, deed, business, affair, event

Notes: This word refers to a 'thing' in a general sense, encompassing objects, events, actions, or matters. It can denote a concrete object, an abstract concept, a legal or business affair, or an accomplished deed. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΧΡΗΜΑ, ΥΠΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do, to accomplish, to act'. It refers to something done or a result of an action.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEI-zo-nohn

Translations: of greater, of larger, of more important, of mightier

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the comparative adjective 'μείζων' (meizon), which means 'greater' or 'larger'. It is derived from the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. It is used to describe things that are superior in size, quantity, quality, or importance compared to others. As a genitive plural, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'concerning' things that are greater.

Inflection: Comparative, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΟΝΕΣ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΤΕΡΩΝ

G2179

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-FAP-teh-toh

Translations: he was touching, he was laying hold of, he was reaching for, he was grasping, he was attempting

Notes: This word describes an action of touching, laying hold of, or attempting something. It implies a continuous or repeated action in the past. It can be used to describe physical contact or, more figuratively, an attempt to achieve or grasp something, often with the genitive case.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΤΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: par-el-THON

Translations: having come, having gone, having passed by, having passed through, having passed away, having gone away, having gone aside, having gone on

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'παρέρχομαι' (parerchomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating movement or passage. It can mean 'having come,' 'having gone,' 'having passed by,' or 'having passed through/away.' It is often used to describe someone who has arrived at a place, or who has moved past something, or something that has ceased to exist.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΩΝ, ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΔΙΕΛΘΩΝ

G5260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pek-KLEP-sai

Translations: to steal away, to slip away, to escape secretly

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ὑπεκκλέπτω (hypekkleptō). It is a compound word formed from ὑπό (hypo, 'under'), ἐκ (ek, 'out of'), and κλέπτω (kleptō, 'to steal'). It means to steal away, to slip away, or to escape secretly, often implying a surreptitious or unnoticed departure or removal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΔΡΑΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ὑπεκκλέπτω (hypekkleptō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from under'), the preposition ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of' or 'from'), and the verb κλέπτω (kleptō, meaning 'to steal'). The combination suggests the action of secretly taking something away or escaping from under observation.

G4692

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: SPEV-don-tos

Translations: of hurrying, of hastening, of pressing on, of striving, of being eager

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'σπεύδω', meaning 'to hurry' or 'to hasten'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it often functions adverbially or adjectivally, indicating the action of someone or something 'hurrying' or 'hastening'. It can describe the state or action of a person or thing that is eager, pressing forward, or striving to achieve something quickly.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΤΑΧΥΝΟΝΤΟΣ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G0868

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEE-sas

Translations: having departed, having stood away, having withdrawn, having revolted, having apostatized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having departed' or 'having stood away from'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating a separation or rebellion. It can be used to describe someone who has withdrawn from a group, revolted against authority, or apostatized from a belief.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΑΣ, ΑΠΟΔΡΑΣΑΣ, ΑΠΕΛΘΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound of the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand away from'.

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tekh-EIN

Translations: to hold fast, to hold back, to restrain, to possess, to occupy, to keep, to retain, to seize, to take possession of

Notes: This word means to hold something firmly, to possess it, or to restrain or hinder someone or something. It can also mean to occupy a place or to keep something in one's possession. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a strong grip or control.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΧΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. This combination suggests a strong or firm holding, often with the nuance of holding down or holding back.

G1011

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: beh-voo-LEH-oo-meh-noys

Translations: to those who have been advised, to those who have been counseled, to those who have been planned, to those who have been purposed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, used here in the dative plural. It refers to individuals or groups who have been the subject of advice, counsel, or planning. It describes a state resulting from a completed action, meaning 'to those who have had counsel taken concerning them' or 'to those for whom plans have been made'. It often implies a deliberate or well-thought-out action concerning them.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G1142

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DAI-mon

Translations: demon, a demon, evil spirit, a divine power, a god, a deity

Notes: This word refers to a divine power or spirit, often associated with supernatural beings. In ancient Greek thought, it could refer to a lesser deity, a guiding spirit (good or bad), or even a person's destiny. In the New Testament, it almost exclusively refers to an evil spirit or demon, often associated with demonic possession or influence. It is used to describe a spiritual entity that is not God but possesses supernatural power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΑΙΜΟΝΙΟΝ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'Δαίμων' (daimōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₂i- meaning 'to divide, to distribute, to apportion'. It originally referred to a divine power or fate that apportions one's destiny, evolving to mean a divine being or spirit.

G0000

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TEP-rak-sen

Translations: acted against, opposed, resisted, thwarted

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in opposition to', and 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. In its past tense form, it describes an action of opposing, resisting, or acting contrary to something or someone. It implies an active effort to hinder or thwart a plan or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite to', and the verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. The combination signifies acting in opposition.

G4270

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-eis-PEM-psas

Translations: having sent before, having sent ahead, having sent forward, having escorted

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from 'pro' (before/forward), 'eis' (into/to), and 'pempo' (to send). It means to send someone or something ahead or in advance, often implying an escort or accompaniment. It describes an action completed in the past, leading to a present state or consequence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΠΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempo) means 'to send' and is of uncertain origin. The prefixes ΠΡΟ- (pro-) meaning 'before, forward' and ΕΙΣ- (eis-) meaning 'into, to' are added to form this compound verb.

G2324

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-RAH-pon-tah

Translations: servant, a servant, attendant, an attendant, minister, a minister, worshipper, a worshipper

Notes: This word refers to a servant, attendant, or minister, often implying a sense of devoted service or worship. It can describe someone who serves a master, a king, or even God. It is used to denote a person who performs duties or renders service, often with a sense of honor or dedication.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ (therapōn) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to an attendant, servant, or worshipper.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hess-tee-AH-sane

Translations: to feast, to entertain, to dine

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to feast' or 'to entertain guests'. It describes the act of providing a meal or hospitality, often a large or celebratory one. It can also mean to dine with someone. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to feast' or 'to entertain'.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΠΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΙΠΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἑστιάω (hestiaō) is derived from ἑστία (hestia), meaning 'hearth' or 'fireplace', which was the center of the home and hospitality in ancient Greek culture. Thus, the verb implies providing a meal or entertainment centered around the hearth.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tas

Translations: all, every, the whole, everyone

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate the entirety of a group or quantity. In this form, it is the masculine or feminine accusative plural, meaning it refers to 'all' or 'everyone' as the direct object of a verb, or after a preposition that takes the accusative case.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἁ- (ha-), meaning 'together' or 'one and the same', and πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It emphasizes the totality or completeness of something.

G4280

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ee-REE-kay

Translations: had said beforehand, had foretold, had spoken previously

Notes: This word is a verb in the pluperfect active indicative mood. It means to have said something in advance, to have foretold, or to have spoken previously. It emphasizes an action completed in the past before another past action. For example, 'He had said beforehand that he would come.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Pluperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ἐρῶ (ero), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'to say before'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thain

Translations: to go out, to come out, to depart, to exit

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It is a compound verb formed from 'ek' (out of) and 'erchomai' (to come/go). It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state to another. It can be used in contexts like leaving a house, departing from a city, or emerging from a situation.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEI-thei

Translations: he persuades, she persuades, it persuades, he trusts, she trusts, it trusts, he obeys, she obeys, it obeys

Notes: This word means to persuade, to convince, or to win over. It can also mean to trust or to obey, especially in the perfect tense (πεποιθέναι) where it signifies a state of having been persuaded, hence trusting or being confident. It is used to describe the act of influencing someone's opinion or actions, or the state of being convinced or compliant.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ex-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having gone out against, having come upon, having attacked, having advanced, having gone forth, having come out

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ἐπέρχομαι, meaning 'to come upon,' 'to attack,' or 'to go out against.' It describes an action of moving forward with a purpose, often hostile, such as an army advancing or attacking. It can also mean to come upon someone or something, or to arrive.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') + ἐκ (ek, 'out of') + ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come, to go').

G4139

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-see-on

Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

G4045

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-TY-khon-tes

Translations: meeting, encountering, happening upon, obtaining, finding

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'concerning', and the verb 'τυγχάνω' (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to obtain'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening or has happened, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It generally means 'meeting with', 'encountering', or 'happening upon' someone or something, often implying a chance or accidental meeting. It can also mean 'obtaining' or 'finding' something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

G0123

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-ghee-ah-LOO

Translations: of the seashore, of the coast, of the beach, of the shore

Notes: This word refers to the seashore, coast, or beach. It is typically used to describe the land bordering a sea or lake. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin related to the seashore, such as 'belonging to the seashore' or 'from the seashore'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΚΤΗ, ΠΑΡΑΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'αἰγιαλός' (aigialos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to the land along the sea.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-ken-TOO-see

Translations: pierce through, stab, prick, transfix

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'through', and the verb κεντέω (kenteo), meaning 'to prick' or 'to sting'. It describes the action of piercing or stabbing something completely through, often with a weapon. It implies a forceful and decisive act of penetration.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΕΝΤΕΩ, ΔΙΑΠΕΡΩ, ΤΙΤΡΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΕΝΤΕΩ is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'through', and the verb κεντέω (kenteo), meaning 'to prick' or 'to sting'. The root κεντέω is related to the noun κέντρον (kentron), meaning 'a sharp point' or 'a goad'.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: geh-go-NO-toss

Translations: of having become, of having happened, of having come into being, of having been done, of having been made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' 'to be done,' or 'to be made.' As a genitive participle, it often describes the state or result of something that has already occurred, functioning like 'of that which has happened' or 'concerning what has come to pass.' It is used to refer to an event or situation that has taken place.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΕΠΡΑΓΜΕΝΟΥ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΤΟΣ

G0860

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-foh-NEE-ah

Translations: speechlessness, a speechlessness, inability to speak, dumbness, a dumbness

Notes: This word refers to the state of being without a voice or the inability to speak. It describes a condition of speechlessness or dumbness.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΛΑΛΙΑ, ΚΩΦΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ἈΦΩΝΙΑ (aphōnia) is derived from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and φωνή (phōnē), meaning 'voice' or 'sound'. Thus, it literally means 'without voice'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TRAH-pay

Translations: turned, was turned, turned oneself, was changed, was converted, fled, was put to flight

Notes: This word is an aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'trepō', meaning 'to turn' or 'to change'. In the passive voice, it often means 'to be turned', 'to be changed', or 'to turn oneself'. It can also be used in a military context to mean 'to be put to flight' or 'to flee'. It describes an action that happened in the past and was completed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

G3433

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MOH-lees

Translations: with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely, just, only just

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something is done with great effort or difficulty, or that it happens only just in time or to a very limited extent. It can convey the idea of something barely happening or being achieved. For example, 'he barely escaped' or 'they arrived only just'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΣ, ΣΧΕΔΟΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word μόλος (molos), meaning 'toil' or 'struggle'.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-neh-NENG-kohn

Translations: having offered up, having brought up, having carried up, having led up, having taken up, having referred

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having offered up' or 'having brought up'. It describes an action completed in the past, often indicating the subject performed the action before the main verb. It can be used to describe someone who has presented something, such as a sacrifice, or has carried something upwards.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ἈΝΑΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ἈΝΕΓΕΙΡΩ

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PYN-tha-neh-toh

Translations: he was asking, he was inquiring, he was learning, he was finding out

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative middle voice of the verb 'πυνθάνομαι'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means 'he was asking', 'he was inquiring', 'he was learning', or 'he was finding out' something, often through questioning or investigation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-non

Translations: having become, having been made, having come into being, that which has come into being, a thing that has come into being

Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle, neuter singular, derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. It describes something that has already happened or come into existence, emphasizing the completed state or result of an action. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which has become' or 'a thing that has come into being'.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle or Passive Voice, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΟΣ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G0337

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nee-RAY-koss

Translations: having taken up, having destroyed, having killed, having put to death

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). The verb ἀναιρέω is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and αἱρέω (haireō, meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'). Depending on the context, it can mean to take up, to pick up, to carry away, to destroy, or to kill. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results, often translated as 'having taken up' or 'having killed'. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναιρέω is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Its meaning evolved from 'to take up' to 'to do away with' or 'to kill'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ei-PON-ton

Translations: of saying, of speaking, of telling, of those saying, of those speaking, of those telling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or saying, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. As a genitive plural, it typically refers to 'of those who are saying' or 'of their saying'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΠΩ (eipo) is an aorist stem of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek, used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

G4367

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-TAKS-ai

Translations: to command, to order, to instruct, to appoint

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. It indicates the action of giving a directive or instruction. It is often used in contexts where authority is being exercised, such as a ruler commanding subjects or a master instructing servants.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to appoint'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange towards' or 'to appoint to', leading to the sense of commanding or ordering.

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-nee-RON

Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, a wicked thing, an evil thing

Notes: This word describes something as evil, wicked, or bad. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can function as a noun itself, referring to an evil or wicked thing. It often implies something that is morally corrupt, harmful, or causing distress.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, distress, pain', suggesting something that causes pain or is the result of painful effort, thus leading to the meaning of 'evil' or 'wicked'.

G3849

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAH-noo

Translations: very, exceedingly, altogether, quite, entirely, completely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of an adjective or another adverb. It conveys a sense of completeness or high degree, similar to 'very' or 'exceedingly' in English. It can be used to emphasize the extent or quality of something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: From the root ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It developed into an adverb indicating 'altogether' or 'completely'.

G1907

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-BOO-lon

Translations: plotting, conspiring, treacherous, hostile, a plotter, a conspirator, a treacherous person, a hostile person

Notes: This word describes someone who is plotting or conspiring against another, or something that is treacherous or hostile. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or thing, or as a noun to refer to a plotter or conspirator. It implies malicious intent or a hidden plan to harm.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΙΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΕΝΕΔΡΕΥΤΗΣ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-no-MEE-as

Translations: of lawlessness, of iniquity, of transgression, of a lawlessness, of an iniquity, of a transgression

Notes: This word refers to the state or act of being without law, or acting contrary to law. It signifies lawlessness, iniquity, or transgression. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It is used to describe actions or a state of being that goes against established laws, whether divine or human.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ

G1629

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EH-tee-sen

Translations: he paid back, he repaid, he exacted payment, he avenged

Notes: This word describes the action of paying back or repaying something, often in the sense of exacting a penalty or avenging a wrong. It implies a full and complete payment or retribution. It is used to describe someone who has fully settled a debt or taken full vengeance.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἐκ- (ek-), meaning 'out of, from', and the verb τίνω (tinō), meaning 'to pay, to pay a price, to punish'.

G0525

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-pah-RAHN-tos

Translations: unhindered, unimpeded, unobstructed, unrestrained

Notes: This word describes something that is not hindered or obstructed. It refers to a state of being free from impediments, allowing for smooth and unhindered progress or action. It can be used to describe a person, an event, or a process that proceeds without encountering obstacles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΠΟΔΙΣΤΟΣ, ΑΚΩΛΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΑΡΑΝΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the verb παραίνω (parainō), meaning 'to advise' or 'to exhort', but here related to the idea of 'to hinder' or 'to impede'. Thus, it literally means 'not hindered' or 'unhindered'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G1218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-mos

Translations: people, the people, common people, populace, a people, district

Notes: This word refers to the common people, the populace, or a community of people. It can also denote a specific district or locality where people reside. It is often used to distinguish the general population from rulers or elites.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to δαίω (daiō, "to divide"), referring to a division of land or people. It is the origin of English words like 'democracy' and 'demography'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: FAH-bee-on

Translations: Fabius

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a person named Fabius. It is a Roman family name, often used to denote a specific individual from that family. In the provided context, it is used as the object of a preposition or a verb, indicating someone is going to or treating Fabius.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Fabius is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman gens (clan) Fabia. The name is thought to be related to 'faba', meaning 'bean', possibly indicating an association with bean cultivation.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-po-REU-eh-toh

Translations: was going, went, traveled, proceeded

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go,' 'to travel,' or 'to proceed.' It is in the imperfect tense, indicating a continuous, repeated, or ongoing action in the past. It can be used to describe someone moving from one place to another, or a process unfolding over time. The form ἘΠΟΡΕΥΕΤΟ specifically refers to a third-person singular subject (he, she, or it) who was going or traveling.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

G1154

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dah-MAS-koh

Translations: Damascus, (to) Damascus, (in) Damascus

Notes: This word refers to Damascus, an ancient city in Syria. It is a proper noun, indicating a specific place. In the provided context, it is used with a preposition (ἐν, 'in') to indicate location, meaning 'in Damascus'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Damascus' is of ancient Semitic origin, with its roots in Aramaic and Akkadian languages. It has been known by various forms throughout history, consistently referring to the prominent city in Syria.

G4754

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOON-tah

Translations: commanding, leading, acting as a general, being a governor

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'strategéō', meaning 'to be a general', 'to command an army', or 'to govern'. It describes someone who is actively performing the role of a military commander or a civil governor. It is used to indicate an ongoing action or state of being in command or authority.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΩΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb στρατηγέω (strategéō) is derived from στρατηγός (stratēgós), meaning 'general' or 'commander', which is a compound of στρατός (stratós, 'army') and ἄγω (ágō, 'to lead').

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2909

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KRAY-toon

Translations: better, superior, stronger, more excellent

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'better' or 'superior'. It is used to indicate that one thing or person is of higher quality, greater strength, or more advantageous than another. It often appears with a genitive case or the particle 'ἤ' (ē) to express comparison, similar to 'than' in English.

Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: This word is the irregular comparative form of the adjective ἀγαθός (agathos), meaning 'good'. It derives from an older form related to 'strength' or 'power'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G3409

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEM-feh-toh

Translations: was blaming, was finding fault, was complaining, was reproaching

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ. It means to blame, find fault with, complain about, or reproach someone or something. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. In the middle voice, the subject is performing the action for themselves or on themselves, or participating in the result, while in the passive voice, the subject is receiving the action.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ is derived from the Greek root μέμφομαι, meaning 'to blame, censure, find fault'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek word.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-THON-tah

Translations: having suffered, suffered, endured, undergone, experienced

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can be translated as 'having suffered' or simply 'suffered' depending on the context. It describes someone or something that has undergone a particular experience, often one involving hardship or pain.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-PRAT-ton-tah

Translations: cooperating, working together, helping, assisting

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'συμπράττω' (symprattō), meaning 'to cooperate' or 'to work together with'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in a joint effort or providing assistance. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'πράττω' (prattō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOS

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow countryman, kinsman, fellow believer

Notes: This word refers to a brother, either by birth or by a close familial or social bond. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ἙΤΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G5432

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-phroo-REH-ee

Translations: he was guarding, she was guarding, it was guarding, he guarded, she guarded, it guarded

Notes: This verb means 'to guard,' 'to keep watch,' or 'to protect.' It describes the action of keeping something or someone safe, often implying a continuous or ongoing state of vigilance. It can be used to describe a person or a group of people guarding a place, a prisoner, or even a concept like peace or a promise.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-SAH-dan

Translations: Masada

Notes: Masada is the name of an ancient fortress located on a high plateau in the Judean Desert, near the Dead Sea. It is famous for the siege by the Roman Empire at the end of the First Jewish–Roman War. The form ΜΑΣΑΔΑΝ is the accusative singular of the noun, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Masada' is derived from the Hebrew word 'מצדה' (metzadá), meaning 'fortress' or 'stronghold'. It refers to the fortified plateau in the Judean Desert.

G2047

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-RYM-noh-tah-ton

Translations: strongest, most fortified, most secure, most defensible

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ἐρυμνός' (erymnos), meaning 'strong' or 'fortified'. It describes something as being the most strong, most fortified, or most secure among a group. It is used to emphasize the extreme degree of strength or defensibility of a place or object.

Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἸΣΧΥΡΟΤΑΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ὈΧΥΡΟΤΑΤΟΣ

G0851