2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GOH-non

Translations: Antigonus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Antigonus, a common name among Hellenistic kings and generals, particularly Antigonus I Monophthalmus, one of Alexander the Great's generals, or his grandson Antigonus II Gonatas. It is used to refer to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antigonus is of Greek origin, derived from 'anti' (against, in return for) and 'gonos' (offspring, birth). It means 'instead of a father' or 'worthy of one's father'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: FAH-bee-on

Translations: Fabius

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a person named Fabius. It is a Roman family name, often used to denote a specific individual from that family. In the provided context, it is used as the object of a preposition or a verb, indicating someone is going to or treating Fabius.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Fabius is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman gens (clan) Fabia. The name is thought to be related to 'faba', meaning 'bean', possibly indicating an association with bean cultivation.

G2323

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-theh-rah-PEV-koh-tah

Translations: having healed, having cured, having served, having restored, having treated

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having healed' or 'having served'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be used to describe someone who has performed the action of healing, serving, or treating.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΙΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΥΓΙΑΙΝΩ

G2609

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TAY-gen

Translations: brought down, led down, brought back, led back, brought, led, landed, put in

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing or leading something or someone down from a higher place, or bringing them back to a specific location, often implying a return or a landing. It can refer to bringing a ship to shore or leading people back to a place.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek κατά (katá, "down, against") + ἄγω (ágō, "I lead, bring").

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2789

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kay-DEH-oo-mah

Translations: marriage, a marriage, affinity, relationship by marriage

Notes: This word refers to a relationship formed by marriage, or the act of marrying. It can denote the state of being related through marriage, such as a son-in-law or daughter-in-law, or the bond created by such a union. It is used to describe familial connections established not by blood, but by marital ties.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΑΜΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΗΔΕΥΜΑ is derived from the verb κηδεύω (kēdeuō), meaning 'to marry' or 'to take care of'. It is related to κῆδος (kēdos), which can mean 'care', 'sorrow', or 'relationship by marriage'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1223

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-lah-VOHN

Translations: having taken, having received, having apprehended, having understood, having divided, having separated, having distinguished, having taken up, having taken hold of

Notes: This is a compound word formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and λαμβάνω (lambano, 'to take, receive'). As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It can mean 'having taken apart,' 'having divided,' 'having distinguished,' 'having apprehended,' or 'having understood,' depending on the context. It can also mean 'having taken up' or 'having taken hold of' something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3670

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oh-MO-ron

Translations: bordering, neighboring, adjacent, a bordering thing, a neighboring thing

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something that is bordering, neighboring, or adjacent to something else. It indicates proximity or sharing a common boundary. It can be used to describe a place, a region, or any entity that is next to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΓΕΙΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word "ΟΜΟΡΟΣ" comes from the Greek prefix "ὁμο-" (homo-), meaning "same" or "like," and "ὄρος" (oros), meaning "boundary" or "mountain." Thus, it literally means "having the same boundary."

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G1688

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-bal-en

Translations: he threw in, he cast in, he put in, he poured in, he inserted

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to throw in', 'to cast in', or 'to put in'. It describes the action of placing something inside another thing, often with force or intention. It is typically used in a past tense context, indicating an action that was completed.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOHN

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having apprehended, having overtaken, having understood, having perceived, having attained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to take hold of, seize, apprehend, overtake, or understand. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can indicate the means by which something happens, the cause, or simply a preceding action. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-RAS

Translations: of a guard, of a garrison, of a watch, of a prison, guard, garrison, watch, prison

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a garrison, a watch, or a prison. It can denote a body of soldiers stationed to guard a place, the act of guarding, or the place where one is guarded or confined. It is used to describe protection or custody.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ

Etymology: From φρουρός (phrouros, "a guard"), which is from προ- (pro-, "before") and ὁράω (horaō, "to see"). Thus, literally "one who sees before" or "one who watches over."

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tah

Translations: all, every, the whole, all things, everything

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It can refer to a complete group or quantity. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'all people' or 'all time'. When used in the neuter plural, it can be translated as 'all things' or 'everything'.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound word formed from the prefix Α- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'completely', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-ROOS

Translations: guards, the guards

Notes: This word refers to guards, sentinels, or watchmen. It is used to describe individuals who are stationed to protect or keep watch over a place, person, or thing. It can be used in contexts of military protection, security, or even spiritual safeguarding.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ, ΤΗΡΗΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ (phrouros) comes from the verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureo), meaning 'to guard' or 'to watch over'. It is related to ΠΡΟ (pro, 'before') and ΟΡΑΩ (horaō, 'to see'), suggesting 'one who sees before' or 'one who watches in front'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G1431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doh-reh-AS

Translations: gift, a gift, present, a present, bounty, a bounty, donation, a donation

Notes: This word refers to a gift, present, or donation. It signifies something freely given or bestowed, often as an act of generosity or favor. It can be used in contexts where someone receives a benefit or a grant.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word δωρεά (dōrea) comes from δῶρον (dōron), meaning 'gift'. It is related to the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), 'to give'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DOOS

Translations: giving, having given, a giver, one who gives

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to give'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of giving, or has already given. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man giving the gift' or 'he spoke, giving a warning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1228

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ah-PRAX-ah-meh-nos

Translations: having accomplished, having performed, having done, having achieved, having carried out

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. It describes an action that has been thoroughly completed or brought to a successful conclusion. It is used to indicate that someone has finished or carried out a task, deed, or plan.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G4886

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soo-NAP-sas

Translations: having joined, having connected, having united, having fastened, having brought together

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having joined' or 'having connected'. It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb's action. It can be used to describe someone who has brought things or people together, or who has formed a connection or alliance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G3528, G3529

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: NEE-kah

Translations: conquer, prevail, overcome, be victorious, win, victory, a victory, Nike

Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome', often used in the imperative form to command someone to be victorious. It can also be a noun meaning 'victory' or 'triumph'. Additionally, 'ΝΙΚΑ' can be a proper noun, referring to the goddess Nike, who personified victory, or as a personal name. Its meaning depends heavily on the grammatical context in which it is used.

Inflection: Present Active Imperative (2nd Person Singular), Nominative Singular (Feminine), Vocative Singular (Feminine)

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ, ΘΡΙΑΜΒΕΥΩ

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AK-rone

Translations: (of) highest, (of) outermost, (of) extreme, (of) top, (of) end

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΚΡΟΣ' (akros), meaning 'highest', 'outermost', 'extreme', 'top', or 'end'. It refers to the furthest or most extreme point or part of something, whether in terms of height, distance, or importance. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relation to multiple such 'highest' or 'extreme' things.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΥΨΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΣΧΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΚΡΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'point' or 'sharp'. It is related to words signifying the top or extremity of something.

G1910

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-BAHN-tah

Translations: having stepped upon, having gone upon, having mounted, having entered, having set foot on

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἐπιβαίνω. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating someone or something having stepped onto, gone upon, mounted, or entered a place or object. It is often used to describe the act of setting foot on land, boarding a ship, or ascending to a position.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-non

Translations: having come, having arrived, having appeared, a thing having come, that which has come

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside, to arrive, or to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. In this form, it refers to something that has come or arrived.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-doon

Translations: they were giving up, they were delivering, they were handing over, they were distributing

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb ἀναδίδωμι. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. The verb generally means 'to give up,' 'to give back,' 'to deliver,' or 'to hand over.' It can also mean 'to distribute.' In a sentence, it would indicate that a group of people were in the process of performing one of these actions.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-mos

Translations: people, the people, common people, populace, a people, district

Notes: This word refers to the common people, the populace, or a community of people. It can also denote a specific district or locality where people reside. It is often used to distinguish the general population from rulers or elites.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to δαίω (daiō, "to divide"), referring to a division of land or people. It is the origin of English words like 'democracy' and 'demography'.

G1062

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-GAM-broy-toh

Translations: had become a son-in-law, had been made a son-in-law, had been allied by marriage

Notes: This word is a verb in the perfect passive indicative, meaning 'had become a son-in-law' or 'had been made a son-in-law'. It describes a state of having entered into a relationship as a son-in-law, or having been given in marriage to someone as a son-in-law. It implies a completed action with ongoing results, indicating a past state of being related by marriage.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΝΥΜΦΕΥΩ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G3671

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GHEE-an

Translations: confession, a confession, profession, a profession, acknowledgment, an acknowledgment, agreement, an agreement

Notes: This word refers to a confession, profession, or acknowledgment, often implying a public declaration or agreement. It is a compound word derived from 'homou' (together) and 'logos' (word or speech), literally meaning 'speaking the same word' or 'being of one mind'. It is used to describe an open declaration of one's beliefs or a formal agreement.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΗΣΙΣ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ (homologia) is derived from the Greek words ὁμοῦ (homou), meaning 'together' or 'the same', and λόγος (logos), meaning 'word', 'speech', or 'reason'. It signifies a 'speaking together' or 'agreement in word'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G4399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ees-TEE-kay

Translations: he had stood before, he had been in charge, he had presided over, he had led, he had protected, he had been at the head of

Notes: This word is the third person singular pluperfect active indicative form of the verb προΐστημι (proïstēmi). It describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action, indicating a state of having been in a position of leadership, authority, or protection. It implies a continuous state of being in charge or at the head of something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Pluperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word προΐστημι (proïstēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Together, they convey the idea of standing before or being placed in front of others, hence to lead or preside.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lohn

Translations: about to, going to, destined to, future

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent, impending, or destined to occur. It often functions like a future tense auxiliary verb in English, showing that the subject is on the verge of doing something or that something is about to happen.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying delay or hesitation, evolving to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GEH-sthai

Translations: to be led, to be brought, to be carried, to be taken, to marry, to be married

Notes: This is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb ἄγω (agō). It means 'to be led,' 'to be brought,' or 'to be carried.' In a marital context, it can mean 'to be married' or 'to take a wife' (when the subject is the woman, it means 'to be married to'). It describes an action being performed upon the subject, or the subject performing the action upon themselves (middle voice).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΕΣΘΑΙ

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G3588, G3778

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AYK-toh

Translations: was led, was brought, was carried, was driven, was kept, was held

Notes: This is the third person singular pluperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'agō' (to lead, bring, carry). It describes an action that had been completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action (passive voice). For example, 'he/she/it had been led' or 'he/she/it had been brought'. In the provided context, it often refers to someone being brought or having been taken, such as a wife being taken or brought into a marriage.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Pluperfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The root verb 'agō' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in Greek.

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G0493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tros

Translations: Antipas, Antipater

Notes: This is a masculine proper noun, referring to a personal name. It was a common name in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, borne by several historical figures, including a son of Herod the Great (Herod Antipas). It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Greek origin, meaning 'like the father' or 'instead of the father'. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAS-see-on

Translations: Cassius, of Cassius, to Cassius

Notes: ΚΑΣΣΙΟΝ is the name of a Roman family, most notably Gaius Cassius Longinus, a leading instigator of the plot to assassinate Julius Caesar. It is used to refer to this historical figure or others bearing the same name. In the provided examples, it appears in different cases, indicating 'Cassius' (nominative/accusative), 'of Cassius' (genitive), or 'to Cassius' (dative).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Cassius' is of Roman origin, derived from the Latin gens name Cassia. Its ultimate etymology is uncertain, but it is an ancient Roman family name.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G5493

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kheh-ROO-n-tai

Translations: they subdue, they overcome, they master, they conquer, they bring under control

Notes: This verb describes the act of subduing, overcoming, or bringing someone or something under control. It implies gaining mastery or victory over an opponent or a situation. It is often used in contexts of military conquest or gaining power.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', indicating an action done by hand or by force, hence 'to get into one's power'.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar

Translations: Caesar

Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used by Roman emperors. It is derived from the family name of Julius Caesar and was adopted by subsequent emperors as a title of imperial authority. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the reigning Roman emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" is a transliteration of the Latin name "Caesar," which was originally the cognomen of a branch of the gens Julia, most famously Gaius Julius Caesar. After his death, his adopted son Octavian (Augustus) used it as part of his title, and it subsequently became a title for Roman emperors.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DEH-loh-tai

Translations: it has been made clear, it has been shown, it has been declared, it has been revealed

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear,' 'to show,' or 'to declare.' In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present, specifically that something 'has been made clear' or 'has been shown.' It is used to state a fact that is now evident or established.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-HOH-rei

Translations: had room, contained, made room, went, proceeded, advanced, withdrew

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'χωρέω'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can mean to have room, to contain, to make room for, or to go/proceed/advance. The specific meaning often depends on the context, especially whether it's used with a direct object or in a spatial sense.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: From 'χῶρος' (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. The verb 'χωρέω' thus relates to moving into or having space.

G0521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PAI-ren

Translations: he took away, he carried away, he departed, he removed, he lifted up

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apairō'. It means 'he took away', 'he carried away', 'he departed', or 'he removed'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often implying a movement away from a place or a removal of something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and αἴρω (airō, "I lift, I take up").

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noh

Translations: having become, having happened, having been born, to have become, to have happened, to have been born

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can be translated as 'having become,' 'having happened,' or 'having been born,' often indicating a state or event that has come into being.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G3839

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-takh-O-then

Translations: from all sides, from every direction, on every side, everywhere

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from all directions' or 'on every side'. It is used to indicate that something originates from, or is present in, every possible direction or location. It conveys a sense of comprehensiveness or universality regarding origin or presence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑΧΟΥ, ΠΑΝΤΗ

Etymology: This word is formed from the root 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', combined with a suffix indicating 'from a place'. It denotes 'from all places' or 'from every direction'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-ee

Translations: he completes, she completes, it completes, he finishes, she finishes, it finishes, he performs, she performs, it performs, he fulfills, she fulfills, it fulfills, he pays, she pays, it pays

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to complete,' 'to finish,' 'to perform,' 'to fulfill,' or 'to pay.' It is used to describe the bringing of something to an end or to its intended purpose. For example, one might 'complete' a task, 'fulfill' a prophecy, or 'pay' a tax.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

G4392

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-SKHE-ma

Translations: pretext, a pretext, pretense, a pretense, outward show, a show, cloak, a cloak

Notes: This word refers to an outward appearance or a superficial display that serves to conceal the true nature or intention of something. It often implies a deceptive or misleading front, used as an excuse or a cover for ulterior motives. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros, "to, toward") and σχῆμα (schēma, "form, appearance").

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΤΗ

Etymology: The word is derived from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning "to, toward, in front of," and the noun σχῆμα (schēma), meaning "form, figure, appearance, outward show." Thus, it literally means "that which is put forth as a form or appearance."

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an

Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-kheh

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or a state of possession that existed in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He had a house' or 'She was holding the book'.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: el-THON-tah

Translations: having come, coming, who came, who comes, a coming one

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to come' or 'to go'. As an aorist participle, it describes an action that happened prior to or at the same time as the main verb, indicating someone or something 'having come' or 'who came'. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the manner or time of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G0627

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-lo-GEE-ah

Translations: defense, apology, vindication, a defense, an apology

Notes: This word refers to a verbal defense, a reasoned argument, or a formal justification. It is often used in legal or philosophical contexts to describe a speech or writing made in defense of a person, an action, or a belief. It can also mean an explanation or an excuse.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΣΙΣ, ΥΠΕΡΑΣΠΙΣΙΣ

Etymology: From ἀπολογέομαι (apologeomai, "to speak in defense"), from ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") + λόγος (logos, "word, speech"). It literally means "a speaking away" or "a speaking in defense."

G2723

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tay-go-ROON-tone

Translations: of accusing, of those accusing, of those who accuse, of the accusers

Notes: This word is a present active participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'κατηγορέω' (katēgoreō), meaning 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against'. It refers to 'those who are accusing' or 'the accusers'. In a sentence, it would function like a noun or an adjective, describing the people who are performing the action of accusing, and because it is in the genitive case, it often indicates possession or origin, hence 'of those accusing'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΔΙΩΚΟΝΤΩΝ

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: too-KHEIN

Translations: to obtain, to happen, to meet, to attain, to get, to receive, to befall

Notes: This word means to obtain or get something, often by chance or fortune, but also through effort. It can also mean to happen or to meet someone or something. It is frequently used in the sense of 'to attain' a goal or 'to receive' a benefit. It is an infinitive form, often used after verbs like 'to be able' or 'to desire'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to hit' or 'to obtain'. It is related to words signifying 'chance' or 'fortune'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-sta-see-OH-tas

Translations: rebel, opponent, adversary, a rebel, an opponent, an adversary

Notes: This word refers to a rebel, an opponent, or an adversary. It describes someone who stands against or resists another, often in a hostile or defiant manner. It is used to denote a person engaged in opposition or rebellion.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΠΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound derived from ἀντί (anti, meaning 'against') and στάσις (stasis, meaning 'standing' or 'rebellion'). It refers to one who takes a stand against something or someone.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-peh-PRAK-toh

Translations: it had been done, it had been accomplished, it had been performed, it had been carried out

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish', combined with the prefix 'διά' (dia), which here intensifies the action, meaning 'thoroughly' or 'completely'. The form 'διεπεπρακτο' indicates an action that had been completed in the past and whose results were still relevant. It is used impersonally, referring to something that had been done or accomplished.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G2181

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: EH-feh-son

Translations: Ephesus

Notes: Ephesus was a prominent ancient Greek city on the coast of Ionia, near present-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, Turkey. It was one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League and a major center for trade and worship, particularly of the goddess Artemis. In the New Testament, it is known for the Epistle to the Ephesians and as one of the seven churches of Asia.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The origin of the name 'Ephesus' is uncertain, but it is believed to be pre-Greek, possibly derived from an Anatolian language. It may be connected to the name of a local goddess or a word meaning 'passage' or 'crossing'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: koh-MEE-zoo-san

Translations: carrying, bringing, receiving, obtaining, a carrying, a bringing, a receiving, an obtaining

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κομίζω'. It describes an action of carrying, bringing, receiving, or obtaining. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and indicates an ongoing action. In this specific form, it refers to a feminine singular subject in the accusative case, meaning it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΥΣΑΝ, ΑΓΟΥΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word κομίζω (komizō) is thought to be derived from the Greek word κομέω (komeō), meaning 'to take care of, to attend to'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOO-sahn

Translations: they were calling, they were inviting, they were appealing, they were comforting, they were encouraging, they were imploring, they were exhorting

Notes: This word describes an action of calling someone to one's side, often with the intention of comforting, encouraging, inviting, or appealing to them. It implies a persistent or repeated action in the past. It can be used in various contexts, such as urging someone to do something, consoling the distressed, or making a strong request.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΚΑΛΕΩ

G0001

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-TIS-then-tas

Translations: those who were taken captive, those who were made captive, those who were led away captive

Notes: This word is a past passive participle, meaning 'those who have been taken captive' or 'those who were made captive'. It describes individuals who have been captured, often in war, and led away as prisoners. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to the people themselves.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΤΕΥΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2576

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KASS-see-oo

Translations: of Cassius

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Κάσσιος' (Cassius). It refers to a Roman family name, most notably Gaius Cassius Longinus, a leading instigator in the assassination of Julius Caesar. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'belonging to Cassius' or 'from Cassius'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Cassius' is of Latin origin, a Roman gens (clan) name. It is not a native Greek word but was transliterated into Greek.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: grap-SAN-ta

Translations: having written, writing, to write, a writer

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'graphō', meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed in the past relative to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having written' or 'one who wrote'. It is often used to describe someone who has performed the action of writing.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-sai

Translations: to release, to send away, to dismiss, to divorce, to set free, to let go, to pardon

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἈΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΥΩ (LYO), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. It generally means to release someone or something from a state of being held, bound, or obligated. It can be used in various contexts, such as dismissing a crowd, sending someone away, divorcing a spouse, or setting a prisoner free. It implies a separation or a letting go.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ἘΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΛΥΩ is derived from the prefix ἈΠΟ- (APO-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΥΩ (LYO), meaning 'to loose, to untie, to release'.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-ee-ROYS

Translations: to times, in times, for times, of times, seasons, opportunities

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, a season, or a critical moment. It is often used in contrast to 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to general, sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, highlighting a suitable or fitting moment for something to happen. It can be used to indicate a period of time, a season, or a favorable opportunity.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙΣ, ΩΡΑΙΣ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑΙΣ

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-doo-NAI

Translations: to give back, to pay back, to render, to restore, to repay, to return

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidōmi). It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, it literally means 'to give back' or 'to give away from oneself'. It is used to express the action of returning something, paying a debt, rendering what is due, or restoring something to its original state or owner. It can be used in contexts of financial transactions, fulfilling obligations, or divine retribution.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΙΔΟΝΑΙ, ἈΠΟΤΙΝΕΙΝ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΝ

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ax-ee-O-oon

Translations: to think worthy, to deem worthy, to consider worthy, to ask, to demand, to request

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to consider someone or something worthy, or to deem them deserving of something. It can also mean to ask for something as if by right, or to demand. It is often used in contexts where a person is requesting something with a sense of entitlement or a belief in their own worthiness.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΈΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. The verb form means 'to deem worthy' or 'to consider worthy'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G1297

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-TAHG-mah

Translations: ordinance, a decree, an edict, a command, a regulation

Notes: This word refers to an official order, decree, or regulation issued by an authority. It signifies a formal command or law that must be obeyed. It is often used in contexts of governmental or divine mandates.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb διατάσσω (diatassō), meaning 'to arrange, appoint, command', which is formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and τάσσω (tassō, 'to arrange, order').

G4024

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-khon

Translations: containing, encompassing, surrounding, holding around, that which contains, that which encompasses, that which surrounds

Notes: ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΝ is the present active participle of the verb περιέχω (periechō), meaning 'to contain', 'to encompass', or 'to surround'. It describes something that is in the process of containing or surrounding. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'that which contains' or 'the surrounding thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΝ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΛΕΙΩ

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ow-toh-KRAH-tor

Translations: absolute ruler, sovereign, emperor, a sovereign, an emperor, having full power, independent, self-ruling

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'αὐτός' (autos, meaning 'self') and 'κράτος' (kratos, meaning 'power' or 'rule'). It describes someone who has absolute power or is self-ruling. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as having full power or being independent, or as a noun referring to a sovereign, emperor, or absolute ruler. It emphasizes complete authority and independence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'Αὐτοκράτωρ' is a compound of 'αὐτός' (autos), meaning 'self', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'power' or 'rule'. It literally means 'self-ruler' or 'one who rules by oneself'. It was used in ancient Greek to describe someone with absolute authority and later became a title for emperors.

G1481

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eth-NAR-khee

Translations: to an ethnarch, to a ruler of a nation, to a governor of a people

Notes: An ethnarch is a ruler or governor of a nation or people, especially one who holds authority over a distinct ethnic group within a larger political entity. It is a compound word formed from 'ἔθνος' (ethnos), meaning 'nation' or 'people', and 'ἄρχων' (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'leader'. This term was often used for leaders of the Jewish people under foreign rule.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nay

Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khai-REIN

Translations: to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G4517

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: er-ROH-mai

Translations: I am strong, I am well, I am in good health, I am robust

Notes: This word is the first person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'ῥώννυμι' (rhōnnymi), meaning 'to strengthen' or 'to be strong'. In the perfect passive, it conveys the state of having been strengthened, thus 'to be strong' or 'to be in good health'. It is often used in formal greetings or closings, similar to saying 'farewell' or 'be well' in English, or to state one's current state of health.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΥΓΙΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ῥώννυμι' (rhōnnymi) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to strengthen' or 'to make firm'. It is related to Latin 'robur' (strength, oak) and 'robustus' (strong).

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: loo-SEE-ma-khos

Translations: Lysimachus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. Lysimachus was a prominent figure in ancient history, one of the Diadochi (successors) of Alexander the Great, who became king of Thrace and Macedonia. The name itself means 'battle-ending' or 'one who ends strife'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Lysimachus is of Greek origin, derived from the words 'λύσις' (lysis), meaning 'a loosening, release, deliverance', and 'μάχη' (machē), meaning 'battle, fight'. Thus, it means 'battle-ending' or 'one who ends strife'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: pow-SAH-nee-oo

Translations: of Pausanias

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Pausanias, a common ancient Greek personal name. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'Pausanias's' or 'from Pausanias' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Pausanias (Παυσανίας) is derived from the Greek words παύω (paúō, 'to stop, to cease') and ἀνία (anía, 'grief, distress'). It can be interpreted as 'he who stops grief' or 'he who brings an end to sorrow'.

G2501

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-OH-say-poss

Translations: Joseph

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the male personal name Joseph. It is a common name in biblical texts, appearing frequently in both the Old and New Testaments. It is used to identify individuals, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name ἸΩΣΗΠΟΣ (Iōsēpos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name יוסף (Yosef), meaning 'He will add' or 'May he add'. It was a very common name among Jews and was transliterated into Greek.

G220

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

G4943

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-TY-khon-tes

Translations: having met with, encountering, having encountered, meeting with, those who met

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb συντυγχάνω, meaning 'to meet with' or 'to encounter'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subjects have previously met or encountered someone or something. It is often used to describe people who have come together or had an appointment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

G1715

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, strength, power, might, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word can refer to the city of Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire. It can also mean 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might,' referring to physical or moral force. In the context of strength, it describes the inherent ability or vigor to accomplish something. It can be used to describe the strength of a person, an animal, or even a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥώμη (rhōmē) meaning 'strength' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). The city name 'Rome' (Ῥώμη) is thought to be derived from this word, implying 'the city of strength' or 'the strong city'.

G5055

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-les-THEY-san

Translations: having been completed, having been finished, having been accomplished, having been performed, having been fulfilled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'teleō', meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that has undergone the action of being completed or finished. It indicates an action that has already taken place and is now in a state of completion. It is often used to describe tasks, prophecies, or events that have reached their conclusion.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΜΕΝΗΝ, ΓΕΓΕΝΗΜΕΝΗΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G0365

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-neh-OH-sahn-toh

Translations: they renewed, they restored, they were renewed, they were restored, they made new again

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to renew' or 'to restore'. It is used to describe the act of making something new again or bringing it back to a former, better state. In this form, it indicates that a group of people either renewed themselves (middle voice) or were renewed by an external agent (passive voice). It is typically used in a context where something has become old, worn out, or corrupted and is being made fresh or whole again.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΊΖΩ, ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΌΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΝΕΌΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'again' or 'up', and the verb νεόω (neóō), meaning 'to make new'. Thus, it literally means 'to make new again'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-THEH-n-toh

Translations: they made a covenant, they arranged, they appointed, they disposed

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative third person plural form of the verb διατίθημι (diatithēmi). It is a compound verb formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. In the middle voice, it often means 'to make a covenant' or 'to arrange for oneself', implying an action done for one's own benefit or with one's own involvement. It can also mean 'to dispose' or 'to settle' something.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G1718

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: em-pha-NI-san-tes

Translations: having appeared, having shown, having manifested, having revealed, having declared

Notes: This is the aorist active participle (masculine nominative plural) of the verb 'ἐμφανίζω' (emphanizō), meaning 'to show, manifest, reveal, or appear'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, indicating that they have made something visible or themselves visible. It is often used to describe someone who has presented themselves or something to others.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΞΑΝΤΕΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ἈΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΑΝΤΕΣ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-PEES-meh-nos

Translations: persuaded, having been persuaded, convinced, having been convinced

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been persuaded' or 'having been convinced'. It describes a state of having been brought to a belief or conviction by someone or something else. It is often used to indicate a settled state of mind or a firm belief.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΙΣΤΕΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The root word ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind, to tie, to persuade'. It originally conveyed the idea of binding someone by words or arguments, leading to the sense of persuading or convincing.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0795

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-RAH-ross

Translations: firm, fixed, stable, unmovable, unshakeable

Notes: This adjective describes something that is firmly fixed, stable, or unmovable. It can refer to a physical object that is securely in place, or metaphorically to a person's character, purpose, or a situation that is steadfast and unwavering. For example, one might speak of an 'araros' foundation or an 'araros' resolve.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΑΚΛΙΝΗΣ, ΑΣΑΛΕΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a (negative particle) and ararisko (to fit, join). It literally means 'not fitted' or 'not joined' in a way that would allow it to be moved or dislodged, thus implying stability.

G2239

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AY-thos

Translations: custom, habit, character, a custom, a habit, a character

Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or characteristic way of acting or thinking. It can describe an individual's moral character or the established practices and traditions of a community. It is often used to denote the settled disposition or moral nature of a person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ἨΘΟΣ" comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *s(w)edh-, meaning "custom, habit." It is related to the word "ἔθος" (ethos), which also means custom or habit, but "ἨΘΟΣ" often carries a stronger connotation of moral character.

G2318

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: theh-oh-SEH-bes

Translations: God-fearing, pious, devout, a God-fearing person

Notes: This word describes someone who is reverent towards God, showing piety and devotion. It is often used to characterize individuals who are devout in their religious practices and beliefs. It is a compound word formed from 'ΘΕΟΣ' (God) and 'ΣΕΒΩ' (to worship or revere).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God', and 'ΣΕΒΩ' (sebo), meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere'. It describes someone who reveres God.

G2657

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-no-AY-sas

Translations: having perceived, having understood, having considered, having observed, having noticed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly') and the verb νοέω (noeo, meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'). It signifies a thorough and careful perception, understanding, or consideration of something. It implies a deeper level of comprehension than simply seeing or hearing, often involving mental reflection or observation. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, leading to a subsequent state or action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEE-gee-my

Translations: I have considered, I have thought, I have esteemed, I have accounted, I have regarded, I have led

Notes: This word is the perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'hegeomai'. In its active voice, it means 'to lead, guide, or command'. In its middle or passive voice, as it is here, it means 'to consider, think, esteem, or account'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results, so 'I have considered' or 'I have esteemed' are appropriate translations, implying a state of mind or conclusion reached.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word Ἡγέομαι (hēgéomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lead, to guide'. It is related to words signifying leadership and direction.

G2603

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-drah-MON-tone

Translations: having run down, of having run down, of having overrun, of having invaded

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'τρέχω' (trechō), meaning 'to run'. Together, 'κατατρέχω' means 'to run down', 'to overrun', or 'to invade'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΔΡΑΜΟΝΤΩΝ, ΕΠΙΔΡΟΜΗΣ

G1727

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-nan-tee-oh-THEN-tone

Translations: those who opposed, those who set themselves against, those who resisted, of those who opposed, of those who set themselves against, of those who resisted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to oppose' or 'to set oneself against'. It describes individuals or groups who have taken an opposing stance or acted in resistance. It is used to refer to 'those who opposed' or 'those who set themselves against' something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΩΝ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐναντίος (enantíos, “opposite, contrary”) + -όω (-óō, verbal suffix).

G2229

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-RO-ohn

Translations: of heroes, of demigods, of mighty men

Notes: This word refers to individuals of exceptional strength, courage, or noble character, often considered to be of divine or semi-divine origin. It is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'belonging to heroes' or 'concerning heroes'. In the provided context, it appears to refer to a place name, 'Heroon Polis' (City of Heroes), or potentially to a group of powerful individuals.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΩΝ, ΓΙΓΑΝΤΩΝ

G0568

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ap-os-kho-MEH-non

Translations: abstaining, refraining, holding back, keeping away, having abstained, having refrained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπέχω' (apechō), meaning 'to abstain from' or 'to hold oneself back from'. It describes an action of separation or distance, often implying a deliberate act of refraining from something. It can be used to describe someone who is currently abstaining or someone who has already abstained.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Plural, Genitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-poy-AY-san-toh

Translations: they made, they did, they performed, they caused, they produced, they created

Notes: This is the aorist middle indicative, third person plural form of the verb ποιέω (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. In the middle voice, it often implies that the action is done by the subject for themselves, or that the subject causes something to be done for themselves. It describes a completed action in the past, performed by a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAK-san-tone

Translations: of those who guarded, of those who kept, of those who watched, of those who preserved

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having guarded' or 'having kept'. As a genitive plural, it functions as 'of those who guarded' or 'of those who kept', indicating possession or relationship. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΑΝΤΩΝ, ΦΡΟΥΡΗΣΑΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ (phylassō) comes from the Greek root φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'. It is related to the idea of keeping watch or protecting.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G0073

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GOH-nos

Translations: of a contest, of contest, of a struggle, of struggle, of a fight, of fight, of a race, of race, of a conflict, of conflict

Notes: This word refers to a contest, struggle, fight, or race. It can describe any kind of intense effort or conflict, whether physical, mental, or spiritual. It is often used in contexts of athletic competitions, battles, or moral struggles. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relation, meaning 'of a contest' or 'belonging to a struggle'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΠΑΛΗ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΓΩΝ (agōn) comes from the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, to bring'. It originally referred to an assembly or gathering, especially for games or contests, and then came to mean the contest itself.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tohn

Translations: (of) all, (of) everyone, (of) everything

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΠΑΣ' (apas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, a prefix indicating totality or completeness) and 'πας' (pas, meaning 'all' or 'every'). As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship for multiple entities, often translated as 'of all' or 'concerning all'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound of the intensive prefix ἀ- (a-) and the word πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The prefix ἀ- intensifies the meaning of 'all' to 'the whole' or 'everyone without exception'.

G3892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-no-MEE-ohn

Translations: of lawlessness, of transgression, of iniquity, of wickedness

Notes: This word refers to acts that are contrary to law or custom, or a state of being lawless. It signifies a transgression, an iniquity, or wickedness. It is often used in a moral or ethical sense, referring to actions that violate divine or human laws. In a sentence, it would describe the nature of certain actions or the state of those who commit them.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TRAF-thai

Translations: to have been turned away, to have been averted, to have been rejected, to have been turned back

Notes: This is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb ἀποστρέφω (apostrephō), which means to turn away, avert, or reject. As a perfect passive infinitive, it describes an action that has been completed, and the subject of the action is the one who has undergone the turning away or rejection. It can be used in various constructions, often after verbs of saying, thinking, or perceiving, to express a completed state or action.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΡΡΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and στρέφω (strephō, 'to turn'). It literally means 'to turn away from'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G0003

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-AY-dohss

Translations: unpleasantly, reluctantly, unwillingly, with displeasure

Notes: This word describes an action or state that is done or experienced with a feeling of displeasure, reluctance, or unwillingness. It indicates an aversion or a lack of enjoyment towards something. For example, one might do something 'unwillingly' or 'with displeasure'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΧΕΡΩΣ, ἈΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ

Etymology: The word ἀηδῶς (aēdōs) is derived from the adjective ἀηδής (aēdēs), meaning 'unpleasant' or 'disagreeable'. It is formed by adding the adverbial suffix -ως (-ōs) to the adjective stem.

G3467

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOO-soss

Translations: defilement, a defilement, pollution, an abomination

Notes: This word refers to a state of defilement or pollution, often with a strong connotation of something morally or ritually unclean and detestable. It can describe an act that causes such defilement or the resulting state of impurity. It is used to denote something abhorrent or an abomination.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΑΣΜΑ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΣΙΑ, ΒΔΕΛΥΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'μύσος' (mysos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'μύζω' (myzo), meaning 'to suck' or 'to close the lips', possibly implying a sense of disgust or aversion.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-BOO-las

Translations: of a plot, of a conspiracy, of a design, of a scheme, plots, conspiracies, designs, schemes

Notes: This word refers to a plot, conspiracy, or treacherous design, often with malicious intent. It describes a secret plan or scheme, typically to achieve an evil or unlawful end. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and 'βουλή' (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'.

Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΜΗΧΑΝΗ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

G5264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-DEK-sah-toh

Translations: received, welcomed, entertained, took in

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai, meaning 'to receive' or 'to welcome'). It means to receive someone or something, often with hospitality or a welcoming attitude. It can imply taking someone into one's home or accepting them warmly. It is used in the middle voice, emphasizing the subject's involvement in the action of receiving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-do-NEE-ah

Translations: Macedonia

Notes: Macedonia refers to a historical region and kingdom located on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. It was the homeland of Alexander the Great and played a significant role in ancient history, particularly during the Hellenistic period. In the New Testament, it is mentioned as a region visited by Paul during his missionary journeys.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Macedonia' is of ancient Greek origin, likely derived from the word 'μακεδνός' (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the inhabitants or the mountainous nature of the region.

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-os

Translations: one's own, private, peculiar, proper, a private, a peculiar

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing, emphasizing ownership, privacy, or distinctiveness. It can be used to indicate something that is personal, private, or unique to an individual or group. It often implies a sense of belonging or a specific relationship.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: The word ἸΔΙΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the reflexive pronoun and emphasizes individuality or distinctiveness.

G0462

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NO-see-ohn

Translations: of unholy, of impious, of wicked, of profane

Notes: This word describes something or someone as unholy, impious, or wicked. It is used to denote a lack of reverence or respect for what is sacred or morally right. As an adjective, it modifies nouns, indicating that the people or things it describes are characterized by unholiness or profanity.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΩΝ, ἈΣΕΒΩΝ, ΜΙΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΟΣΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and ὅσιος (hosios), meaning 'holy' or 'pious'. Thus, it literally means 'not holy' or 'without piety'.

G0109

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-AYR

Translations: air, the air, aether, atmosphere

Notes: This word refers to the lower atmosphere, the air we breathe, or the space above the earth. It is often used to describe the medium through which things move or exist, such as birds flying through the air, or the air itself as a substance. It can also refer to the 'aether' or upper atmosphere.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΡΑΝΟΣ, ΑΙΘΗΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁r- ('to blow, to breathe'). It refers to the lower atmosphere, distinct from 'aether' (ΑΙΘΗΡ) which referred to the upper, purer air.

G4797

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soong-KHOO-sees

Translations: confusion, a confusion, disturbance, disorder, a disorder

Notes: This word refers to a state of disorder, disturbance, or general confusion. It can describe a chaotic situation, a lack of clarity, or a state of being thrown into disarray. It is often used to describe a tumultuous or agitated condition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ (sygchysis) comes from the verb συγχέω (sygcheō), meaning 'to pour together, to mix up, to confuse'. It is a compound word formed from σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and χέω (cheō), meaning 'to pour'.

G2259

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hee-mee-mah-NOOS

Translations: of half-mad, of half-crazy, of partially insane

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'half-mad' or 'partially insane'. It describes someone who is not fully rational or is exhibiting signs of mental instability. It can be used to describe a person's state of mind or behavior.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΜΙΦΡΟΝΟΣ, ΗΜΙΤΕΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ΗΜΙ' (hemi), meaning 'half', and 'ΜΑΝΗΣ' (manēs), meaning 'mad' or 'frenzied'.

G2550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-koh-AY-thee-ahs

Translations: of ill will, of malice, of malevolence, of malignity, of an evil disposition, of a malicious disposition

Notes: This word refers to a malicious disposition, ill will, or malevolence. It describes a character trait of someone who is disposed to think or interpret things in the worst possible light, often with a desire to harm or slander others. It is a compound word formed from 'κακός' (bad, evil) and 'ἦθος' (character, disposition).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ΦΘΟΝΟΣ

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lam-bah-NOH-meh-noy

Translations: being overtaken, being seized, being apprehended, being caught, being understood, being attained

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is in the process of being overtaken, seized, apprehended, or understood. It implies an action being done to the subject, often suggesting that they are caught or grasped, either physically or mentally. It can refer to being caught in a trap, being apprehended by authorities, or having a concept grasped mentally.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G687

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-teh-tee-KHEE-smeh-noos

Translations: walled off, fortified, separated by a wall, having been walled off

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been walled off' or 'fortified'. It describes something that has been separated or enclosed by a wall. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'τειχίζω' (teichizo), meaning 'to wall' or 'to fortify'.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΙΣΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΟΧΥΡΩΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-RE-sin

Translations: to mountains, on mountains, in mountains, with mountains, like mountains, mountains, hills

Notes: This word refers to mountains or hills. It is the dative plural form of the noun 'ὄρος' (oros), meaning 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a dative case, it can indicate location (on/in/at mountains), instrument (with mountains), or comparison (like mountains), depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΝΟΙ, ΟΡΗ

Etymology: The word ὄρος (oros) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'rise' or 'height'.

G3928

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-RO-don

Translations: passage, way, road, byway, passing by, a passage, a way

Notes: This word refers to a passage, a way, or a road. It can also denote the act of passing by or passing through. It is used to describe a physical path or a route taken. In some contexts, it can refer to a public way or a thoroughfare.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΔΙΟΔΟΣ, ΕΞΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΟΔΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'along', and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. Thus, it literally means 'a way alongside' or 'a way by'.

G5016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tah-mee-YEV-es-thai

Translations: to store up, to lay up, to treasure up, to manage, to dispense, to be a steward, to be a treasurer

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ταμιεύω'. It means to store up, to lay up, or to manage resources, often implying the role of a steward or treasurer. It can also refer to dispensing or distributing something. In a sentence, it would function as an infinitive, often expressing purpose or result, such as 'to be stored' or 'to manage'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΗΣΑΥΡΙΖΩ, ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΕΩ

G2692

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tep-see-fees-MEH-nohn

Translations: (of) those condemned, (of) those voted against, (of) those decided against

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb καταψηφίζω (katapsēphizō). It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ψηφίζω (psēphizō), meaning 'to vote' or 'to decide by vote'. Therefore, it refers to those who have been voted against, condemned, or decided against, often in a legal or official context. It describes a state of having been formally judged or condemned.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb καταψηφίζω (katapsēphizō) is a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ψηφίζω (psēphizō), meaning 'to vote' or 'to decide by vote', which comes from ψῆφος (psēphos), meaning 'pebble' (used for voting).

G4840

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soom-FYOO-gohn

Translations: having fled with, fleeing with, escaping with, having escaped with

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. Therefore, it means 'to flee with' or 'to escape together with'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence, indicating someone who has performed the action of fleeing or escaping alongside someone else.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΣΥΝΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word συμφεύγω (sympheugō) is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'.

G4788

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soong-KLEIS-theis

Translations: having been shut up, having been enclosed, having been confined, having been imprisoned

Notes: This word is a compound verb participle, formed from the prefix 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'κλείω' (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close'. As a whole, it means 'to shut up together', 'to enclose', 'to confine', or 'to imprison'. It describes someone or something that has been put into a confined space or restricted situation. It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that the subject has been acted upon.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΩ, ΦΥΛΑΚΙΖΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G2841

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-koy-noh-NAY-sen

Translations: shared, participated, had fellowship, communicated, contributed

Notes: This word means to share in something, to participate with someone, or to have fellowship. It implies a joint involvement or a common bond. It is often used with a dative case to indicate the person or thing with whom one shares or participates.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word κοινωνέω (koinōneō) is derived from κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common' or 'shared'. It refers to the act of making something common or participating in a shared experience.

G2849

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: keh-koh-las-MEH-non

Translations: of those who have been punished, of those who have been chastised, of those who have been corrected

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been punished' or 'having been chastised'. It describes a state of having undergone punishment or correction. In the provided examples, it functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation to the punished ones.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word κολάζω (kolazo) comes from the Greek word κόλος (kolos), meaning 'curtailed' or 'maimed'. The original sense was to cut off or prune, which evolved to mean to check, restrain, or punish.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: LOY-pon

Translations: remaining, the rest, the remainder, other, finally, henceforth, for the rest

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'other', a noun meaning 'the rest' or 'the remainder', or an adverb meaning 'finally', 'henceforth', or 'for the rest'. As an adjective, it describes what is left over. As a noun, it refers to the remaining portion or people. As an adverb, it introduces a concluding thought or indicates a future time.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G0373

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-peh-PAHF-sthai

Translations: to rest, to be refreshed, to be at ease, to find rest

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb ἀναπαύω. It means 'to rest' or 'to be refreshed'. It can refer to physical rest, a cessation from labor, or a state of spiritual or mental tranquility. It implies a sense of relief or comfort after exertion or distress.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ἩΣΥΧΑΖΩ

Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and παύω (paúō, 'to make cease, to stop'). The combination suggests a cessation or rest that brings refreshment or recovery.

G4848

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sym-MAH-khoys

Translations: (to) allies, (to) confederates

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'σύμμαχος' (symmachos), meaning 'ally' or 'confederate'. It refers to individuals or groups who join forces with another, typically in a military or political context, to achieve a common goal or provide mutual support. It is used when indicating the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of something, as in 'to the allies' or 'for the confederates'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ, ΒΟΗΘΟΙ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: doh-THEY-san

Translations: given, having been given, that which was given, a given thing

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and was received by the subject. In this form, it means 'having been given' or 'that which was given', indicating something that was the recipient of the action of giving.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΘΕΙΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΩΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-FEH-rain

Translations: to offer, to bring up, to bear up, to carry up, to lead up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It generally means to bring something up, to carry it upwards, or to offer it, especially in the context of sacrifices or offerings to God. It can also mean to lead someone up or to refer something to someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΈΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΆΓΩ, ἘΠΙΦΈΡΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναφέρω (anapherō) is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

G4851

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soom-FEH-ron-tone

Translations: of what is profitable, of what is advantageous, of what is expedient, of advantages, of benefits, of interests

Notes: This word is a present active participle, used here in the genitive plural. It refers to things that are profitable, advantageous, or expedient. It can function as an adjective modifying a plural noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to 'things that are profitable' or 'advantages'. It is often used in the context of what is beneficial or in one's best interest.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΩΝ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΩΝ, ΛΥΣΙΤΕΛΩΝ

G1620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ETH-ee-ka

Translations: I exposed, I laid out, I set forth, I put out, I published, I explained

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. In its aorist form, it means 'I exposed', 'I laid out', 'I set forth', or 'I published'. It can be used to describe physically placing something outside, or metaphorically, to explain or make something public, such as a law or a child.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἐκτίθημι (ektithēmi) is derived from the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. The combination signifies placing something out or forth.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G1390

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOR-oo

Translations: spear, a spear, lance, a lance, pole, a pole, tree, a tree, wood, a wood

Notes: This word refers to a spear or lance, often used as a weapon. It can also refer to a pole or the trunk of a tree, or more generally, wood. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, but it generally denotes a long, rigid piece of wood, often with a point.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΧΗ, ΞΥΛΟΝ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to δέρω (dero, "to flay"), referring to a peeled or stripped tree branch.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G5021

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-tag-MEH-non

Translations: (of) those who have been appointed, (of) those who have been arranged, (of) those who have been ordered, (of) those who have been set in order

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'τάσσω' (tassō). It refers to things or people that have been arranged, appointed, or set in a particular order or position. It describes a state of being organized or designated. For example, it could refer to 'those who have been appointed' to a task, or 'things that have been arranged' in a certain way.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΕΚΑΝΟΝΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-thoh-sin

Translations: they might be released, they might be dismissed, they might be set free, they might be sent away

Notes: This is a verb meaning to release, dismiss, or set free. It is used to describe the action of allowing someone or something to go, often implying a separation or liberation. In this form, it indicates a potential or hypothetical action performed by a group of people, as in 'that they might be released'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G5363

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fee-lan-THROH-poys

Translations: philanthropic, humane, benevolent, kind, loving toward mankind

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is characterized by love for humanity or benevolence. It is used to describe actions, attitudes, or individuals who are kind, humane, or charitable towards people. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating a quality of being friendly or beneficial to humankind.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΙΚΟΣ

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BOO-loh-my

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to intend, to purpose

Notes: This verb expresses a deliberate and considered wish or intention, often implying a choice or purpose. It is used to indicate what someone wants to do or what they intend to happen. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'I wish to go' or 'He intends to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: From the root *βουλ- (boul-), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'. It is related to the noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'.

G2967

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-LOO-oh

Translations: hinder, prevent, forbid, restrain, keep back

Notes: This verb means to hinder, prevent, or forbid something from happening. It is often used to describe an action that stops or restrains another action or person. For example, one might hinder someone from entering a place, or prevent an event from occurring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΜΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of cutting off or impeding.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G0600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-ka-tas-TEE-sai

Translations: to restore, to re-establish, to return, to give back

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to restore' or 'to re-establish'. It implies bringing something back to its original or proper state, or returning something that was lost or taken. It can also mean to return to a place or condition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΙΔΟΝΑΙ, ἈΝΑΚΟΜΙΖΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἈΠΟ- (apo-), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ (kathistēmi), meaning 'to set down', 'to appoint', or 'to establish'. Thus, it means 'to set back' or 'to re-establish'.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-LEH-oh

Translations: command, order, bid, tell, urge, advise

Notes: This verb means to command, order, or bid someone to do something. It implies giving an instruction or directive, often with authority. It can be used in various contexts, such as a ruler commanding subjects, a teacher instructing students, or generally urging someone to take action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelh₁- meaning 'to call, shout'. It is related to words signifying a call or command.

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEK-sah-meen

Translations: I received, I accepted, I welcomed, I took, I entertained

Notes: This is the first person singular aorist middle indicative form of the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject performed the action upon themselves or for their own benefit (middle voice). It can be used in contexts such as receiving a gift, accepting a teaching, or welcoming a person.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (dechomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deǵ- meaning 'to take, to receive'. It is related to Latin 'decere' (to be fitting) and Sanskrit 'daśasyati' (to honor).

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-lay

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will, decision, a decision

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, a plan, a purpose, or a decision. It denotes the act of deliberating or the result of such deliberation, often implying a firm intention or resolution. It can be used in contexts referring to human plans or, more profoundly, to the divine will or purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΜΑ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, wish, or purpose'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs

Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest

Notes: This is a compound noun, meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, often the head of the priestly order, who held significant religious and sometimes political authority. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priest' or 'from the high priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) is a compound of ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tekh-EIN

Translations: to hold fast, to hold back, to restrain, to possess, to occupy, to keep, to retain, to seize, to take possession of

Notes: This word means to hold something firmly, to possess it, or to restrain or hinder someone or something. It can also mean to occupy a place or to keep something in one's possession. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a strong grip or control.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΧΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. This combination suggests a strong or firm holding, often with the nuance of holding down or holding back.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-GON-tohn

Translations: (of) saying, (of) speaking, (of) telling, (of) relating, (of) calling, (of) naming

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'those who are saying' or 'of those who are speaking'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the action of a group of people who are speaking.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1684

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-beh-teh

Translations: you entered, you stepped in, you embarked, you went aboard

Notes: This is the second person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἐμβαίνω (embainō). It means 'you all entered' or 'you all stepped in'. The verb generally describes the action of stepping into or going aboard something, such as a boat, a house, or a region.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐμβαίνω is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G1727

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-nan-tee-oo-MEH-non

Translations: (of) those opposing, (of) those resisting, (of) those setting themselves against

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'those who are opposing' or 'those who are resisting'. It describes individuals or groups who are actively setting themselves against something or someone. It is used to refer to people who are in opposition or conflict.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΘΊΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΝΤΙΛΈΓΩ, ἈΝΤΙΤΆΣΣΩ

G1933

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-KRAH-tay-ah

Translations: dominion, rule, power, authority, a dominion, a rule, a power, an authority

Notes: This word refers to the exercise of power, control, or authority over something or someone. It can denote a state of being in charge or having supremacy. It is a compound word derived from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'κράτος' (strength, power), literally meaning 'power over'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ (epikrateia) is derived from the verb ἐπικρατέω (epikrateō), meaning 'to prevail' or 'to have power over'. It combines the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', with the noun κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'.

G0324

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-DEK-sah-meh-tha

Translations: we received, we undertook, we accepted, we welcomed

Notes: This is the aorist middle indicative, first person plural form of the verb ἀναδέχομαι (anadechomai). It means to receive, undertake, accept, or welcome. It implies taking something upon oneself, whether it's a task, a responsibility, or a person. For example, it could be used to say 'we undertook the mission' or 'we welcomed them'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, First Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-noy

Translations: making, doing, performing, producing, creating, causing, practicing, carrying out

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action being performed by or to the subject. It can convey the sense of 'those who are making/doing' (middle voice) or 'those who are being made/done' (passive voice), depending on the context. It is often used to describe actions or activities being carried out.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G669

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ah-poh-mnee-moh-NEH-oo-san-tas

Translations: having recalled, having remembered, having recorded, having committed to memory

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having recalled' or 'having remembered'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action was performed. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the men, having remembered, spoke'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ἈΝΑΜΝΗΣΑΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word ἀπομνημονεύω (apomnēmoneuō) is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and μνημονεύω (mnēmoneuō), meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the action of remembering or suggests remembering from a source.

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foo-LAK-san-tas

Translations: having kept, having guarded, having observed, having preserved, having watched

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to guard' or 'to keep'. It describes an action that has already been completed by the subject, indicating that they have performed the act of guarding, keeping, observing, or preserving something. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'the one who has guarded' or 'those who have kept'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΕΦΥΛΑΞΑΝ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G2251

Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun

Sounds like: hay-meh-TEH-rohn

Translations: (of) our, (of) ours

Notes: This word is a possessive pronoun meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by a group including the speaker. As a genitive plural, it typically modifies a noun, indicating that the noun belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'the house of ours'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἡμέτερος' (hēmeteros) comes from 'ἡμεῖς' (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective derived from the first person plural pronoun.

G0476

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tah-goh-nis-TON

Translations: of opponents, of adversaries, of rivals

Notes: This word refers to those who contend against someone, whether in a struggle, a contest, or a legal dispute. It denotes an adversary or an opponent. It is a compound word formed from ἀντί (anti, meaning 'against') and ἀγωνιστής (agonistēs, meaning 'a contender' or 'one who struggles').

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ἘΧΘΡΩΝ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀνταγωνιστής is derived from ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and ἀγωνιστής (agonistēs), meaning 'a contestant' or 'one who struggles'. The latter comes from ἀγών (agōn), referring to a 'contest' or 'struggle'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-khoh-REH-in

Translations: to allow, to permit, to grant, to forgive

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to advance'. In its combined form, it means to make room for someone or something, thereby allowing, permitting, or granting something. It can also be used in the sense of forgiving someone, by making room for their error or letting it pass.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek σύν (syn, 'with, together') and χωρέω (chōreō, 'to make room, to advance').

G0851

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-fay-RAY-meh-noys

Translations: removed, taken away, cut off, separated, deprived, (to) those removed, (to) those taken away

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been removed' or 'having been taken away'. It describes a state of being separated or deprived of something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'those who have been removed' or 'those who have been taken away'. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΟΙΣ, ΑΠΟΛΥΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: DOO-sees

Translations: of giving, of having given

Notes: ΔΟΥΣΗΣ is the genitive singular feminine form of the aorist active participle of the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a feminine subject in the past. It often translates as 'of one who gave' or 'of her who gave', indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G2513

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: kath-har-PAH-san-tes

Translations: having seized, having snatched away, having plundered, having carried off by force

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb καθαρπάζω. It describes an action of seizing, snatching away, or plundering that has been completed. It is a compound word formed from κατά (down, against) and ἁρπάζω (to seize, snatch). It is used to indicate that the subject has violently taken something for themselves.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΣΥΝΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb καθαρπάζω is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazo), meaning 'to seize', 'snatch', or 'carry off by force'. The compound intensifies the action of seizing.

G0972

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: bee-AH-ee-ohs

Translations: violently, forcibly, by force, with force

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'βίαιος' (biaios), meaning 'violent'. It describes an action performed with force, compulsion, or violence. It indicates that something is done in a forceful or aggressive manner, often against resistance or naturally occurring processes. For example, water might be carried 'violently' by the wind.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΙΩΣ, ΒΙΑΣΤΩΣ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΣΤΙΚΩΣ

G91

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-dee-KOO-n

Translations: they were doing wrong, they were harming, they were injuring, they were wronging, they were acting unjustly

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀδικέω (adikeō). It describes an action of doing wrong, harming, injuring, or acting unjustly that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It can refer to causing harm to someone, treating someone unfairly, or simply committing an offense.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀδικέω (adikeō) comes from the Greek word ἄδικος (adikos), meaning 'unjust', which is itself derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) and δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'to be unjust' or 'to act without justice'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NOH-meh-noys

Translations: becoming, being, happening, coming to pass, being made, being born, being created, being produced, being done, being performed, being accomplished, being brought about, being brought into existence, being brought into being, being brought into being, being brought into existence

Notes: ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ is a form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, which means 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' As a participle, it describes an ongoing action or state, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates something that is in the process of becoming or happening, or something that is currently existing or being made. It can be used to describe people or things that are 'those who are becoming' or 'those who are being.'

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Dative

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΦΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, to beget, to give birth.' It is related to words meaning 'kin' or 'birth' in various Indo-European languages.

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: deh-DOH-koh-tohn

Translations: of those who have given, of those having given, of those who gave, of those having given over, of those who granted, of those who delivered

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has completed the action of giving. In this form, it refers to 'those who have given' or 'of those having given' something, indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΟΝΤΩΝ, ΔΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ

G2251

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-roos

Translations: our, ours

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by the first person plural ('we'). It is used to describe something that belongs to or is associated with 'us'. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'our houses' or 'our people'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Etymology: The word Ἡμέτερος (hēméteros) is derived from the first person plural pronoun ἡμεῖς (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is an adjective formed to express possession related to 'us'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khon

Translations: had, were having, possessed, held

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe an action that was happening over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they had' or 'they were holding'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G1228, G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-kah-TEH-khein

Translations: to hold fast, to possess, to retain, to keep possession of, to occupy, to hold down, to restrain

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia, through/completely) and the verb κατέχω (katechō, to hold fast). It means to hold something firmly, to possess it, or to retain control over it. It can also imply holding something down or restraining it. In a broader sense, it refers to occupying or keeping possession of something, often with a sense of persistence or complete control.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1051

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAH-ee-on

Translations: Gaius

Notes: ΓΑΙΟΝ is the accusative singular form of the proper noun ΓΑΙΟΣ (Gaius). Gaius was a common Roman praenomen (given name) and is found in various contexts in ancient Greek texts, often referring to different individuals. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name ΓΑΙΟΣ (Gaius) is of Latin origin, a very common Roman praenomen. Its ultimate etymology is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Latin verb 'gaudeo' meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'.

G4784

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: soong-keh-khoh-REE-meh-non

Translations: allowed, permitted, granted, conceded, an allowed thing, a permitted thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been allowed' or 'having been permitted'. It is often used adjectivally to describe something that is permissible or has been granted. It is a compound word formed from σύν (syn, 'with, together') and χωρέω (chōreō, 'to make room, to go').

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΣΤΙ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb συγχωρέω (synchōreō) is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'. Thus, its original sense is 'to make room together' or 'to give way to', which evolved into 'to concede' or 'to permit'.

G1863

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pah-GOHN-tah

Translations: bringing upon, bringing in, leading on, inducing, bringing, inflicting, introducing, a bringing upon, a bringing in

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epagō', meaning 'to bring upon', 'to bring in', 'to lead on', or 'to induce'. It describes an action of causing something to come or be brought to a place or person, often with the nuance of inflicting or introducing something. It can be used to describe someone who is in the act of bringing something about.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΟΝΤΑ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ, ΕΙΣΑΓΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word ἐπάγω (epagō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-deh-MEE-ahn

Translations: no, not one, none, not any, (not) a single

Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to emphasize the complete absence of something, often in a prohibitive or conditional context. It combines the negative particle 'μη' (mē) with 'εἷς' (heis), meaning 'one'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and εἷς (heis), meaning 'one'. It developed in ancient Greek to express a strong, subjective negation of 'one' or 'any', particularly in contexts of prohibition or potentiality.

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-FEH-rin

Translations: to offer, to bring, to present, to bring to, to bring forward

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb "προσφέρω" (prospherō). It is a compound verb, formed from "πρός" (pros), meaning "to" or "towards," and "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to bring" or "to bear." It generally means to bring something to someone or something, often with the intention of offering it, presenting it, or dedicating it. It can be used in contexts of bringing gifts, sacrifices, or even people to a particular place or person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb "προσφέρω" (prospherō) is a compound of the preposition "πρός" (pros), meaning "to, toward, with," and the verb "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to bear, carry, bring." Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements, indicating the action of bringing something towards a destination or person.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohn

Translations: of one's own, of private things, of peculiar things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἴδιος' (idios). It refers to something that is one's own, private, or peculiar to an individual or group. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic. For example, it can mean 'their own' or 'his own' when referring to possessions or personal matters.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ, ἙΑΥΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self' and emphasizes personal possession or distinctiveness.

G1348

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-oh-loh-GEE-an

Translations: justification, a justification, vindication, a vindication, defense, a defense

Notes: This word refers to the act of justifying or vindicating oneself or another, or the reason or argument given for such an act. It can mean a defense or an excuse. It is often used in contexts where someone is explaining their actions or seeking to be declared righteous.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΛΟΓΙΑ (dikaiologia) is a compound word formed from ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just', and ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos), meaning 'word', 'reason', or 'account'. Thus, it literally means 'a righteous account' or 'a just word'.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G1832

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ES-tai

Translations: it will be lawful, it will be permitted, it will be possible

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. In this form, it indicates a future possibility or permission, meaning 'it will be lawful' or 'it will be permitted'. It is often used to express what is morally right, legally permissible, or simply possible to do.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΝ, ΕΝΔΕΧΕΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἔστι (esti), meaning 'it is'. Together, they convey the idea of something being 'out of' or 'from' the realm of what is permissible or possible.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sas-thai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of, to consult

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the deponent verb 'χράομαι'. As a deponent verb, it appears in the middle or passive voice but carries an active meaning. It generally means 'to use' or 'to employ' something, and often takes an object in the dative case. It can also mean 'to consult' an oracle or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΕΥΩ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, want'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' and then 'to use'.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: EK-as-tah

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word is a distributive adjective or pronoun meaning 'each' or 'every'. It is used to refer to individual items or persons within a group, emphasizing their distinctness. For example, it can mean 'each person' or 'each thing'. When used with a preposition like 'παρά' (pará), as seen in the examples, 'παρ' ἕκαστα' (par' hekasta) means 'in every respect' or 'continually' or 'on every occasion'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ἕκαστος (hekastos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *se- meaning 'one' or 'apart'. It is an ancient Greek word used to denote individuality within a collective.

G2917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-mah-sin

Translations: (to) judgments, (by) judgments, (with) judgments, (to) decisions, (by) decisions, (with) decisions, (to) condemnations, (by) condemnations, (with) condemnations

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or condemnation. It can denote the act of judging, the verdict reached, or the sentence imposed. In the provided form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the means by which something is done, or the recipient of the action, often translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'by,' or 'with.'

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΙΜΑ (krima) derives from the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide.' It refers to the result or outcome of judging.

G5442

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: foo-LAS-son-tone

Translations: guarding, keeping, watching, observing, preserving, protecting, of those guarding, of those keeping

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to guard' or 'to keep'. It describes an action of guarding, watching over, or preserving something. It can refer to people who are performing this action, often in a protective or observant capacity. As a genitive plural, it indicates 'of those who are guarding' or 'belonging to those who are keeping'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word φυλάσσω (phylassō) comes from the Greek root φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'. It describes the action of a guard.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAL-kah

Translations: I have sent, I have dispatched, I have commissioned

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), meaning 'to send away' or 'to dispatch'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. It describes the state of having sent someone or something, or the result of that sending.

Inflection: First person singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G1782

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-TAH-ksee-teh

Translations: you may arrange, you may command, you may appoint, you may order, you may assign

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the verb τάσσω (tassō, 'to arrange, to order'). It means to arrange, command, or appoint someone or something to a specific task or place. It is used to give instructions or assign duties.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ἐντάσσω (entassō) is formed from the prefix ἐν- (en-), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange, to put in order'.

G1121

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GRAHM-mah-see

Translations: (to) letters, (by) writings, (with) documents, (in) literature

Notes: This word refers to a letter of the alphabet, a written character, or more broadly, a piece of writing, a document, or even literature. In its dative plural form, as seen in ΓΡΑΜΜΑΣΙ, it often indicates the means or instrument by which something is done, such as 'by means of letters' or 'with writings'. It can also denote location or association, like 'in letters' or 'among writings'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΓΡΑΜΜΑ comes from the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It originally referred to a mark or line, then developed to mean a written character or letter, and subsequently, a piece of writing.

G4514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: roh-MAH-ee-koys

Translations: (to) Roman, (to) Romans, (to) things Roman

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Roman' or 'belonging to the Romans'. It describes something associated with Rome or its people. In this inflected form, it indicates the dative case, often implying 'to' or 'for' the Romans, or 'with' Roman things, depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From ΡΩΜΗ (ROME), referring to the city of Rome, and the suffix -ΙΚΟΣ, which forms adjectives indicating origin or relation.

G2016

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-fah-NEH-stah-toh

Translations: to the most eminent, for the most eminent, to the most famous, for the most famous, to the most illustrious, for the most illustrious, to the most conspicuous, for the most conspicuous

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the superlative adjective 'epiphanes'. It describes something or someone as being 'most eminent,' 'most famous,' 'most illustrious,' or 'most conspicuous.' It is used to indicate the highest degree of prominence or visibility. In a sentence, it would typically function as an adjective modifying a noun in the dative case, indicating the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΤΑΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΒΛΕΠΤΟΤΑΤΩ, ΔΙΑΣΗΜΟΤΑΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΦΑΝΗΣ (epiphanes) is derived from the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on,' and the verb φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to appear' or 'to shine.' Thus, it literally means 'appearing upon' or 'shining upon,' leading to the sense of being prominent or manifest.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ge-GRA-mme-non

Translations: written, a written thing, what is written, scripture

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been written. When used substantively (as a noun), it refers to 'that which has been written' or 'a writing', often specifically referring to 'Scripture' in a religious context. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: The verb 'γράφω' (graphō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to scratch, to carve, to write'.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAN-tohn

Translations: having been appointed, having been established, having been set, having been made, having been put in place, having been constituted, of those who have been appointed, of those who have been established

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb καθίστημι (kathistēmi), meaning 'to set down, appoint, establish, constitute, or make'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes a group of people or things that have been appointed, established, or put in a certain position. It is often used to refer to those who have been placed in authority or a particular office. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand, to set').

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G1219

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: day-mo-SEE-ohn

Translations: of public, of the public, of common, of the common, of state, of the state, of official, of the official

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'public,' 'common,' 'belonging to the state,' or 'official.' It describes something that pertains to the people or the community as a whole, rather than to a private individual. It can be used to describe public affairs, public property, or public officials.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Etymology: From the Greek word ΔΗΜΟΣ (demos), meaning 'people' or 'district,' referring to the common people or a political division.

G1050

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAH-ee-oss

Translations: Gaius

Notes: Gaius is a common Roman praenomen, or personal name, frequently found in ancient Greek and Roman texts. It refers to a specific male individual. In the New Testament, several men named Gaius are mentioned, including one who was a traveling companion of Paul and another to whom the Third Epistle of John is addressed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Gaius is of Latin origin, a very common Roman praenomen. Its etymology is uncertain, but it may be related to the Latin verb 'gaudere', meaning 'to rejoice'.

G5287

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TA-seh

Translations: to substance, to reality, to assurance, to confidence, to steadfastness, to foundation, to existence, to being, to a substance, to a reality, to an assurance, to a confidence, to a steadfastness, to a foundation, to an existence, to a being

Notes: This word refers to a standing under, a foundation, or a support. It can denote a concrete reality, a substance, or even a person's firm resolve and confidence. In different contexts, it can mean existence, being, or a pledge/assurance. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, "under") and the noun στάσις (stasis, "a standing").

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΤΗΣ

G245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-lo-TREE-an

Translations: foreign, a foreign, another's, an alien, strange, a strange

Notes: This word describes something or someone that belongs to another, is foreign, or is alien. It is used to refer to things or people that are not one's own, or that come from a different place or group. For example, it can refer to a foreign land, a strange woman, or property belonging to someone else.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ is derived from the Greek word ἈΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It describes something pertaining to another.

G1885

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-AR-khee-an

Translations: province, a province, prefecture, a prefecture

Notes: This word refers to a province or a prefecture, which was an administrative division within the Roman Empire. It denotes a territory governed by a Roman official, often a proconsul or legate. It is typically used to describe a geographical region under a specific jurisdiction.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΗ, ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπαρχία (eparkhía), from ἐπί (epí, “over, upon”) + ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “beginning, rule, office”). It refers to a territory under the rule of an official.

G2722

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tekh-oh-MEH-neen

Translations: being held, being possessed, being restrained, being occupied, a being held one, a being possessed one

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, which is a compound word formed from κατά (down, against) and ἔχω (to have, to hold). It means to hold down, to possess, to restrain, or to occupy. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing and passive, indicating something that is being held, possessed, or restrained by another. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΟΥΜΕΝΗΝ, ΕΧΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΥΣΑΝ

Etymology: The verb ΚΑΤΕΧΩ is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. The combination implies holding something firmly, holding down, or possessing.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G1283

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eer-PAH-sen

Translations: plundered, pillaged, carried off as spoil, robbed, seized, ravaged

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch'. Therefore, διαρπάζω means 'to plunder thoroughly' or 'to carry off as spoil completely'. It describes the act of forcefully taking possessions or property, often in a destructive manner, such as during war or invasion. It is used to describe actions like looting or pillaging a city or camp.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word διαρπάζω (diarpazō) is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch'. The root ἁρπάζω comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to seize' or 'to carry off'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-eh-poh-lee-or-KAY-sen

Translations: he besieged, he blockaded, he captured by siege, he took by siege

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'πολιορκέω' (to besiege). It means to besiege or blockade a city or place, often with the implication of successfully capturing it through the siege. It describes the action of surrounding and attacking a fortified position until it falls.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΕΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΕΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'πολιορκέω' (poliorkeō), meaning 'to besiege'. The latter part, 'πολιορκέω', comes from 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city', and 'ἔργω' (ergō), meaning 'to confine' or 'to hinder'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-lon

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon

Translations: being, existing, belonging, possessions, a possession

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'υπάρχω', meaning 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to belong'. As a participle, it describes something that is currently in a state of being or existing. It can also function as a substantive (a noun), referring to one's possessions or belongings, or that which exists.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'υπάρχω' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb 'ἄρχω' (archo), meaning 'to begin', 'to rule', or 'to be first'. Together, it conveys the sense of 'to begin to be', 'to come into being', or 'to exist from the beginning'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: krah-TAY-san-tes

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having grasped, having held, having overcome, having prevailed, having gained control, having mastered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κράτεω' (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold fast, to seize'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of taking hold, seizing, or gaining control. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'the soldiers, having seized the city, rested'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΣΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΡΑΤΟΥΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1283

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-eer-PAS-me-nah

Translations: plundered, robbed, carried off as spoil, things plundered, things robbed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'διαρπάζω' (diarpazō), meaning 'to plunder' or 'to carry off as spoil'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes something that has been completely plundered or carried off. It functions adjectivally, describing nouns that have undergone this action.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΣΥΛΑΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G0600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-kah-tah-stah-THEE-nai

Translations: to be restored, to be re-established, to be brought back, to be returned

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'apokathistēmi'. It means 'to be restored' or 'to be re-established'. It describes an action of being brought back to a former state, position, or condition, or of something being returned. It is often used in contexts of physical restoration, political re-establishment, or spiritual renewal.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'ἀπο-' (apo-), meaning 'from' or 'back', and 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi), meaning 'to set down', 'to establish', or 'to appoint'. Thus, it literally means 'to set back' or 'to re-establish'.

G2228

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HAY-toy

Translations: or, that is, in other words, namely

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce an alternative, a clarification, or an explanation. It can be translated as 'or', 'that is', 'in other words', or 'namely'. It often serves to rephrase or specify something that has just been stated, providing a more precise or alternative description.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: Ἠ

Etymology: From the Greek conjunction 'ἤ' (ē), meaning 'or', combined with the particle 'τοι' (toi), which emphasizes or affirms. The combination creates a stronger or more specific disjunctive or explanatory sense.

G2933

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KTEE-sis

Translations: possession, an acquisition, property, a possession

Notes: ΚΤΗΣΙΣ refers to the act of acquiring something or the thing that has been acquired, hence a possession or property. It is often used in contexts relating to wealth, land, or other valuable assets. For example, one might speak of the 'possession of land' or 'acquired property'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΤΗΜΑ, ΠΕΡΙΟΥΣΙΑ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: From the verb κτάομαι (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire' or 'to get'. It refers to the result or act of acquiring something.

G863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-feh-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be forgiven, let it be released, let it be sent away, let it be left, let it be permitted

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist passive imperative, third person singular. It conveys a command or permission for something to be forgiven, released, sent away, left, or permitted. It is often used in contexts of debt, sin, or imprisonment, indicating a cessation or removal of a burden or restriction.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΘΗΤΩ, ΧΑΡΙΣΘΗΤΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G5219

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pah-KOO-san-tah

Translations: obeying, having obeyed, listening, having listened, heeding, having heeded

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, masculine singular accusative, derived from the verb ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ. It describes someone who has performed the action of obeying or listening. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under) and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (to hear), literally meaning "to hear under" or "to listen attentively to," thus leading to the meaning "to obey."

Inflection: Participle, Aorist Active, Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sys-TEE-sas-thai

Translations: to establish, to commend, to introduce, to constitute, to bring together, to form, to organize

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ (synistēmi). It means to establish, to commend, to introduce, or to bring together. In a sentence, it describes the action of setting something up, presenting someone, or forming a group or system. It can also imply proving or demonstrating something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G0254, G0255

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: ah-LOH

Translations: I may be caught, I may be captured, I may be taken; of a threshing floor, of a halo, of a disk

Notes: This word has two primary interpretations. It can be the first person singular aorist subjunctive form of the verb 'ἁλίσκομαι' (haliskomai), meaning 'to be caught' or 'to be captured'. In this sense, it expresses a potential or desired action, such as 'I may be caught'. Alternatively, it can be the genitive singular form of the feminine noun 'ἅλως' (halōs), which refers to a 'threshing floor', a 'halo' (like around the sun or moon), or a 'disk'. When used as a noun, it would typically be translated as 'of a threshing floor' or 'of a halo', indicating possession or relation.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive (Verb); Singular, Genitive, Feminine (Noun)

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΛΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'ἁλίσκομαι' (haliskomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to seize'. The noun 'ἅλως' (halōs) is also of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to gather' or 'to revolve'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3199

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-LEE-say

Translations: it will be a care, it will concern, it will matter, it will be of interest

Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'μέλω' (melō). It means 'it will be a care,' 'it will concern,' or 'it will matter.' It is often used impersonally, indicating that something is a matter of concern or interest to someone, typically with the person concerned in the dative case.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΩ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₁- ('to think, to consider, to care').

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-RAH-dee-oys

Translations: Aradians, to Aradians, for Aradians

Notes: This word refers to people from Arados, an ancient Phoenician city located on an island off the coast of modern-day Syria. It is used to describe the inhabitants of Arados. In this form, it is a plural dative, indicating 'to the Aradians' or 'for the Aradians'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is derived from the proper noun 'Arados' (Ἄραδος), the name of the ancient city. The suffix '-ιος' is commonly used to form adjectives indicating origin or belonging.

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-THEM-eth-ah

Translations: we committed, we entrusted, we presented, we laid before, we set before

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to commit,' 'to entrust,' 'to present,' or 'to lay before.' It is often used in the context of entrusting something to someone's care, or presenting information or food. It is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put.'

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G2119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-KAI-ross

Translations: opportunely, seasonably, conveniently, in due season, at the right time

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'at the right time' or 'opportunely'. It describes an action that is done at a favorable or suitable moment, indicating good timing or convenience. For example, one might do something 'opportunely' if the circumstances are just right.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΩΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΙΡΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΕΥΚΑΙΡΟΣ (eukairos), meaning 'timely' or 'opportune'. This adjective is a compound of ΕΥ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΚΑΙΡΟΣ (kairos), meaning 'time' or 'season'.