2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: of having come, of having arrived, of having been present, of having appeared

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'παρά' (para, 'beside, alongside') and 'γίνομαι' (ginomai, 'to become, to be, to happen'). It describes someone or something that has come alongside, arrived, or become present. It is often used to indicate the arrival or presence of a person or event, functioning like a subordinate clause in English, such as 'when he had come' or 'after they arrived'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1793

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: en-TY-khoo-sah

Translations: having met, having encountered, having fallen in with, having approached, having appealed to

Notes: This word describes the action of meeting, encountering, or falling in with someone or something. It can also imply approaching or appealing to someone, often with a request or intercession. It is used to indicate an action that has been completed and has a bearing on the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2037

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-ROH-tos

Translations: of love, of desire, of passion

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἔρως' (erōs), which refers to passionate love, desire, or longing. It can describe romantic or sexual love, but also a strong desire for something, such as knowledge or power. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of love' or 'belonging to love'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΣ, ΦΙΛΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἔρως' (erōs) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the Greek verb 'ἔραμαι' (eramai), meaning 'to love' or 'to desire'.

G1590

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-kheh-KHEI-roh-toh

Translations: had been subdued, had been brought under control, had been mastered

Notes: This word is the pluperfect passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἐκχειρόω (ekcheiroó). It describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action, indicating that someone or something had been brought under control, subdued, or mastered. It implies a state of being completely overcome or dominated.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Passive, Indicative, Singular, Third Person

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ, ΔΟΥΛΟΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκχειρόω (ekcheiroó) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb χειρόω (cheiroó), meaning 'to master' or 'to subdue', which itself comes from χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'to put out of hand' or 'to bring under hand', implying control or subjugation.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-GHEE-non-tai

Translations: they come, they arrive, they appear, they are present

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai, meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'). It means to come alongside, to arrive, or to be present. It is often used to describe people arriving at a specific place or event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G4399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-TEE-sah-meh-noy

Translations: having appointed, having set over, having stood before, having presided over, having been leaders

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προΐστημι' (proïstēmi), which means 'to set before, to appoint, to preside over, to be a leader'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating the subject of the main verb has performed this action. In this form, it refers to those who have taken on a leadership role or have been appointed to a position of authority.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G4970

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SFOAN

Translations: their, of them, to them

Notes: This word is a third-person plural possessive pronoun, meaning 'their' or 'of them'. It is used to indicate possession by a group of people or things. It can also function as a dative pronoun, meaning 'to them' or 'for them', depending on the context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Genitive or Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΑΥΤΟΙΣ

Etymology: From the same root as the reflexive pronoun 'σφᾶς' (sphas), which refers to themselves. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European reflexive pronoun *s(w)e-.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: day-noh-TAH-toos

Translations: most terrible, most dreadful, most fearful, most formidable, most powerful, most clever, most skillful

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'δεινός' (deinos), meaning 'terrible' or 'dreadful'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of the quality, thus 'most terrible' or 'most dreadful'. It can also convey the sense of being very powerful, formidable, or even remarkably clever or skillful, depending on the context. It is used to describe nouns, indicating that they possess the quality of 'deinos' to the greatest extent.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word δεινός (deinos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fear' or 'to show fear'. It is related to words signifying fear, terror, or awe.

G0483

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-LEH-gen

Translations: he spoke against, he contradicted, he gainsaid, he opposed

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀντιλέγω. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, meaning 'he was speaking against,' 'he was contradicting,' or 'he was gainsaying.' It implies opposition or disagreement with what someone else is saying or doing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΦΗΜΙ, ΑΝΤΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3918

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-RON-tos

Translations: of being present, of being at hand, of being here, of the present

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. It describes someone or something that is currently in a particular place or situation. In English, it often translates as 'of one who is present' or 'of the present (time/thing)', depending on the context. It can function adjectivally or substantively.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G2749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kay-des-TAYS

Translations: father-in-law, a father-in-law, son-in-law, a son-in-law, relative by marriage, a relative by marriage

Notes: This noun refers to a relative by marriage, specifically a father-in-law or a son-in-law. It is used to describe a relationship established through marriage, indicating a connection between families. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was his father-in-law' or 'He became his son-in-law'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From κῆδος (kēdos, "care, trouble, sorrow") and the suffix -στης (-stēs, indicating an agent or person). The word originally referred to someone with whom one shares a burden or care, evolving to mean a relative by marriage, especially a father-in-law or son-in-law, as these relationships often involve shared responsibilities or concerns.

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOONG-kha-nen

Translations: was, happened to be, obtained, met with, chanced to be

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It describes an action or state that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It can mean 'to happen to be' (often implying a state of being or existence), 'to obtain' (to get or acquire something), or 'to meet with' (to encounter someone or something). In many contexts, it functions as a copula, meaning 'was' or 'happened to be'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-noss

Translations: having become, having been born, having come into being, having been made, having happened

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun, or can be used verbally to indicate an action that has been completed and has ongoing results. It describes something that has already occurred or come into existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΩΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar ideas of origin or becoming.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ak-roh-AH-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having heard, having listened, having given audience, having paid attention

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀκροάομαι', meaning 'to listen' or 'to hear'. It describes an action that has been completed, indicating that someone has finished the act of listening or paying attention. It is often used to describe someone who has taken in information through hearing, or who has given an audience to someone speaking.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΑΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀκροάομαι (akroaomai) is derived from the Greek word ἀκροάω (akroaō), which means 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is related to ἀκροή (akroē), meaning 'a hearing' or 'a listening'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poon-THA-ne-tai

Translations: he inquires, he learns, he ascertains, he asks, she inquires, she learns, she ascertains, she asks, it inquires, it learns, it ascertains, it asks

Notes: This word means to inquire, to learn by inquiry, or to ascertain. It is often used to describe the act of seeking information or finding out something through questioning or investigation. It can be used in contexts where someone is asking a question or gathering information.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G4219

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: po-TEH-roy

Translations: which of two, whether, which

Notes: This word is an interrogative adjective or pronoun used to ask "which of two?" or to introduce an indirect question concerning a choice between two options. It is always used when there are exactly two possibilities being considered. For example, it might be used in a sentence like, "Which of the two roads should we take?" or "I don't know which of the two is better."

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative

Etymology: This word comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'which of two'. It is related to other interrogative pronouns and adverbs in Greek.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G290

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ah-MEH-ee-non

Translations: better, more excellent, more advantageously, more profitably

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ἀγαθός' (agathos), meaning 'good'. It signifies 'better' or 'more excellent' and can function as both an adjective, describing a noun, or an adverb, modifying a verb or another adjective, indicating something is done 'more excellently' or 'more advantageously'. It is often used in constructions comparing two things or actions.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΚΡΕΙΤΤΩΝ, ΒΕΛΤΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀμείνων (ameinōn) is the irregular comparative form of ἀγαθός (agathos, 'good'). Its origin is ancient, tracing back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to strength or excellence.

G4291

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-IS-tan-tai

Translations: they rule, they manage, they preside over, they lead, they are in charge, they protect, they care for

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition πρό (pro, meaning 'before' or 'in front of') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, meaning 'to stand'). It generally means to stand before, to preside over, to rule, or to manage. It can also imply providing care or protection for someone or something. It is used to describe those who are in a position of authority or responsibility.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

G5346

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: fay-SAN-tos

Translations: of having said, of one who said, of saying

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb and indicating an action that occurred prior to the main verb. In this genitive form, it often translates as 'of one who said' or 'of having said', indicating possession or relationship concerning the act of speaking.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3967

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-TROH-an

Translations: paternal, ancestral, hereditary, of a father

Notes: This adjective describes something that belongs to a father, is inherited from a father, or is characteristic of a father or ancestors. It is used to refer to traditions, possessions, or qualities passed down through the paternal line. For example, it can describe an ancestral custom or a father's inheritance.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the adjectival suffix '-ωος' (-ōos), indicating belonging or origin. It refers to that which pertains to a father or ancestors.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-bi-NEE-oh

Translations: to Gabinius, for Gabinius

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Aulus Gabinius, a Roman general and politician who was active in the 1st century BCE. He is known for his military campaigns in the East, particularly in Syria and Egypt. In the provided context, the word is used to indicate that something is happening 'to' or 'for' Gabinius, often in relation to his military movements or decisions.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Gabinius is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman gens (clan) Gabinia. It is associated with the ancient city of Gabii in Latium.

G3918, G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EEN

Translations: was present, were present, was advising, was exhorting, was encouraging

Notes: This word is an inflected form that can come from two different Koine Greek verbs. It can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular or plural, of ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. In this sense, it describes someone or something being in a particular place or situation. Alternatively, it can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular, of ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, meaning 'to advise', 'to exhort', or 'to encourage'. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or Plural (from ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ); Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (from ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ)

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΗΜΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-POY-ee-toh

Translations: it had been made, it had been done, it had been produced

Notes: This is a verb form indicating an action that was completed in the past and whose result was still relevant at a later point in the past. It describes something that had been brought into existence or performed. It is a compound word, with the prefix 'ἐπι-' (epi-) meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the root 'ποιέω' (poieō) meaning 'to make' or 'to do'.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TEE-sin

Translations: appoints, establishes, sets, places, restores, brings back

Notes: This verb means to appoint, establish, set, or place someone or something in a particular position or state. It can also mean to restore or bring back to a former condition. It is used to describe the act of putting someone in authority, settling a matter, or causing something to be in a certain place.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to set down' or 'to establish'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1210

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-sen

Translations: he bound, he tied, he imprisoned, he put in chains

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind,' 'to tie,' or 'to imprison.' It describes an action completed in the past by a single subject, indicating that 'he' or 'she' bound, tied, or imprisoned something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ, ΔΕΣΜΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tos

Translations: of (one) about to, of (one) going to, of the future, of (one) intending

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present participle of the verb 'μέλλω'. It signifies something that is 'about to happen', 'going to be', or 'intended'. It often describes a future event or state, or a person/thing that is on the verge of doing something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is about to').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΟΣ

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KTEI-neen

Translations: to kill, to slay, to murder

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'κτείνω' (kteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes the action of causing death to someone or something. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to kill' and can be used as a noun (e.g., 'the act of killing') or to complete the meaning of another verb (e.g., 'he wanted to kill').

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to strike, to kill'. It is related to other Greek words involving striking or cutting.

G3868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ay-TEE-san-toh

Translations: they refused, they begged off, they declined, they excused themselves

Notes: This word means to refuse, decline, or beg off from something. It can also mean to excuse oneself or ask to be excused from a duty, presence, or obligation. It is often used in contexts where someone is trying to avoid a situation or responsibility.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΤΑΣΣΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΑΙΤΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΙΤΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ΑΙΤΕΟΜΑΙ (aiteomai), meaning 'to ask' or 'to beg'. Thus, it literally means 'to ask from beside' or 'to beg off'.

G2270

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-reh-MOON

Translations: they were quiet, they were at rest, they were still, they were tranquil

Notes: This word describes a state of being quiet, at rest, or tranquil. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things were not moving, causing trouble, or being noisy. It often implies a cessation of activity or a state of peace.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ἨΣΥΧΑΖΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΠΑΥΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἠρεμέω (ēremeō) comes from ἤρεμος (ēremos), meaning 'quiet, still, tranquil'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of rest and calmness.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

G1877

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ep-an-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having returned, when they returned, after returning

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having returned' or 'when they returned'. It describes an action completed in the past that precedes the main verb's action. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, again), 'ἀνά' (up, again), and 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go). It is used to indicate a return to a previous place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΑΜΨΑΝΤΕΣ, ὙΠΟΣΤΡΕΨΑΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb derived from the prepositions ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'again'), ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again'), and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'). It signifies a movement back to a starting point or a repetition of a previous action.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-BEY-as

Translations: (of) an embassy, (of) an ambassadorship, (of) a deputation, (of) an old age, (of) a priority

Notes: This word refers to an embassy, a deputation, or the office of an ambassador. It can also denote the concept of old age or priority, stemming from the idea of being 'older' or 'first'. It is used to describe a group of people sent on a mission, or the mission itself, often with a sense of importance or seniority.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΕΙΑ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΣΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΣ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1380

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dox-AN-tee

Translations: to the one seeming, to the one appearing, to the one thinking, to the one reputed, to the one who seemed, to the one who appeared, to the one who thought, to the one who was reputed

Notes: This is a dative singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeō). It refers to 'the one who seemed' or 'the one who was thought/reputed'. It is used to indicate the recipient or indirect object of an action, specifically someone who has a certain appearance, reputation, or opinion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΟΜΕΝΩ

G0658

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fih-KEH-sthai

Translations: to arrive, to come, to reach, to get to

Notes: This word is the aorist infinitive form of the verb 'ἀφικνέομαι', meaning 'to arrive' or 'to come to'. It describes the action of reaching a destination or a particular state. It is often used to indicate the completion of a journey or the attainment of a goal.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΗΚΕΙΝ, ΦΘΑΝΕΙΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from') and ἱκνέομαι (hikneomai, 'to come, to arrive'). It literally means 'to come from' or 'to arrive from a place'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1311

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ef-thar-MEH-nos

Translations: corrupted, ruined, destroyed, depraved, a corrupted one, a ruined one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'διαφθείρω' (diaphtheiro). It describes something or someone that has been thoroughly corrupted, ruined, or morally depraved. It indicates a state of complete destruction or moral decay, often implying a process that has been completed.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΦΘΑΡΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΞΩΛΗΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOO

Translations: (of) a brother, (of) the brother, (of) a fellow believer, (of) the fellow believer, (of) a kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, or more broadly, a fellow human being, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khon-tee

Translations: to a ruler, to the ruler, to a chief, to the chief, to a leader, to the leader, to a prince, to the prince, to a magistrate, to the magistrate

Notes: This word refers to a ruler, chief, leader, prince, or magistrate. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' someone. It signifies a person in a position of authority or power.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΩΝ comes from the verb ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to begin'. It refers to one who rules or is first in rank.

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-oh-TEH-rohn

Translations: (of) younger ones, (of) younger men, (of) younger women, (of) younger people, (of) new ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'neōteros', meaning 'younger' or 'newer'. It is used to describe a group of people or things that are younger or newer than others. It can refer to younger individuals, often men, but can also encompass women or people in general. It is used in sentences where possession or origin is implied, such as 'the counsel of the younger ones'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΕΩΝ, ΝΕΑΝΙΣΚΩΝ, ΝΕΩΝ

Etymology: From the adjective ΝΕΟΣ (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'. The suffix -τερος (-teros) is used to form the comparative degree, indicating 'more new' or 'younger'.

G4788

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-ka-this-TAH-nai

Translations: to appoint with, to establish with, to set up with, to install with, to settle with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from three parts: σύν (syn, 'with'), κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against'), and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It means to appoint, establish, or set up someone or something in a position alongside or together with others. It implies a joint action of establishing or settling.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prepositions σύν (syn, 'with'), κατά (kata, 'down'), and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). The combination signifies the action of setting something down or establishing it in conjunction with something else.

G5035

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ta-KHOO

Translations: quick, swift, fast, quickly, swiftly, soon, immediately

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'quick' or 'swift', describing something that moves or happens at a high speed. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'quickly', 'swiftly', 'soon', or 'immediately', indicating the manner or timing of an action. For example, it can describe a 'swift witness' or an action that happens 'quickly'.

Inflection: Neuter Singular Nominative or Accusative (as adjective), Adverbial form (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΧΥ (tachy) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂g- meaning 'to touch, to handle', which evolved to imply speed or quickness in Greek.

G2475

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DROO-n-toh

Translations: they were established, they were founded, they were settled, they were set up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to establish,' 'to found,' 'to set up,' or 'to settle.' It describes the act of making something firm, stable, or permanent, often referring to buildings, institutions, or people in a place. In the provided context, it suggests that Herod's forces were being established or settled on the sand.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pee-EH-nai

Translations: to go away, to depart, to leave, to go off

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀπεῖμι', meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes the action of moving from one place to another, specifically leaving a location. It can be used in various contexts to indicate a physical departure or a general act of going.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ἘΞΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἀπεῖμι' is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'εἶμι' (eimi), meaning 'to go'.

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ke-LEH-yoo-eh-toh

Translations: he was exhorting, he was encouraging, he was urging, he was admonishing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'παρακελεύομαι'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was exhorting, encouraging, or urging another person or group. It implies a continuous effort to persuade or motivate.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah-LOO

Translations: (of) great, (of) a great, (to) great, (to) a great, great things

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great,' 'large,' 'big,' or 'mighty.' It is used to describe something of significant size, importance, or intensity. It can refer to physical size, but also to status, power, or quantity. For example, it might describe a great king, a large city, or a great amount of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ

G2556

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ka-KOO

Translations: (of) evil, (of) harm, (of) bad, (of) wickedness, (of) trouble, (of) misfortune

Notes: This word refers to something that is bad, evil, or harmful. As a noun, it can mean evil, harm, or trouble. As an adjective, it describes something as bad or wicked. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, often after the preposition 'ἀπὸ' (from), indicating 'from evil' or 'from harm'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EL-thoy-en

Translations: they might go forth, they might come forth, they might advance, they might proceed

Notes: This word describes the action of going or coming forth, advancing, or proceeding. It is often used to indicate movement from one place to another, especially from an interior or hidden place to an exterior or visible one. It can also imply moving forward in a general sense, such as progressing in a task or journey. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward,' and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.'

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-SOH-meh-noo

Translations: of being about to be, of the future, of that which is to come

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the future participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is 'about to be' or 'that which is to come'. It functions like an adjective or noun, indicating a future state or event, often translated as 'future' or 'coming'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Future Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΟΣ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The verb εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-, meaning 'to be'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-thon-toh

Translations: they were persuaded, they obeyed, they trusted, they were convinced

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peithō), which means 'to persuade,' 'to convince,' 'to trust,' or 'to obey.' In this form, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It indicates that a group of people were in the process of being persuaded, or were continually obeying or trusting.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G1601

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-DRA-mon-tes

Translations: having run out, rushing out, sallying forth, having sallied forth

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'εκτρέχω' (ektredzō), meaning 'to run out' or 'to rush forth'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to describe how the main verb's action was performed. It implies a swift and decisive movement out of a place or situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2624

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tet-ROH-san

Translations: they wounded, they severely wounded, they inflicted wounds

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist active indicative, third person plural. It means 'they wounded' or 'they severely wounded'. It describes an action of inflicting a wound, often with the implication of a serious or deep wound. The prefix 'κατα-' (kata-) intensifies the action of the verb 'τιτρώσκω' (titrōskō), which means 'to wound'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΤΡΩΣΚΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ, ΤΡΑΥΜΑΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'τιτρώσκω' (titrōskō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to pierce' or 'to wound'. The prefix 'κατα-' (kata-) is a common Greek preposition and prefix that can indicate intensity, downward motion, or completion.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-poy

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G1226

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-fyoo-GON-tes

Translations: having escaped, those who escaped, escaping, fled

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'διαφεύγω' (diafeugō), meaning 'to escape through' or 'to get away safely'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adjectivally, describing the ones who performed the action of escaping.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koo

Translations: of a house, of a home, of a household, of a temple, of a family, of a dwelling, of a building

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', 'home', 'household', 'family', or 'temple'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, 'τοῦ οἴκου' would mean 'of the house'. It can refer to a physical dwelling, a family unit, or even a spiritual dwelling like a temple.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'οἶκος' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'dwelling' or 'house'. It is related to words for 'house' in other Indo-European languages.

G2270

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hay-soo-KHAH-zon

Translations: being quiet, keeping quiet, being silent, resting, being at peace, living quietly

Notes: This word describes the state of being quiet, silent, or at rest. It can refer to a person or group of people who are peaceful, undisturbed, or not causing trouble. It can also imply a state of inactivity or refraining from speaking or acting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΙΓΑΩ, ΗΡΕΜΕΩ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ

Etymology: From the adjective ἥσυχος (hēsychos), meaning 'quiet, peaceful'.

G2645

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-boh-OHN-tos

Translations: (of) crying out against, (of) shouting against, (of) denouncing, (of) accusing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb ΚΑΤΑΒΟΑΩ, meaning 'to cry out against,' 'to shout against,' 'to denounce,' or 'to accuse.' It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of crying out or accusing. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and in this form, it indicates the genitive case, often implying possession or a relationship 'of' someone or something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΕΓΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G3947

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rok-soon-THEYS

Translations: having been provoked, having been incited, having been exasperated, having been angered

Notes: This word describes someone who has been provoked, incited, or angered. It is a passive participle, indicating that the subject has experienced the action of being provoked by an external force. It is often used to describe a strong emotional reaction, such as indignation or irritation, that leads to further action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΣΘΕΙΣ, ΘΥΜΩΘΕΙΣ, ΟΡΓΙΣΘΕΙΣ

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-deh-MEH-noos

Translations: bound, tied, fettered, those who are bound, the bound ones

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has been bound or tied. It indicates a completed action with a continuing state or result. For example, it can refer to 'those who have been bound' or 'things that are tied up'.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΥΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΔΕΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pek-TEI-nen

Translations: he killed, she killed, it killed, he slew, she slew, it slew

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποκτείνω (apokteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes a completed action of killing or slaying, typically referring to a single instance in the past. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TES-khon

Translations: they held, they possessed, they occupied, they seized, they restrained, they suppressed

Notes: ΚΑΤΕΣΧΟΝ is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΚΑΤΕΧΩ. This verb generally means to hold fast, possess, occupy, seize, or restrain. In its aorist form, it describes an action that occurred in the past, often completed or viewed as a whole. It can be used to describe taking possession of land, holding onto something firmly, or restraining someone or something.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAIS

Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave

Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.

G4523

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sah-TRAH-pays

Translations: satrap, a satrap, governor, a governor

Notes: A satrap was a governor of a province in the ancient Persian Empire. The term was later adopted by other empires, such as the Hellenistic kingdoms, to refer to similar administrative officials. It describes a high-ranking official appointed by a king or emperor to govern a territory.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ

Etymology: From Old Persian *xšaθrapāvan- meaning 'protector of the realm', which passed into Greek through Aramaic.

G5053

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lev-TAN

Translations: to end, to finish, to die, to complete, to bring to an end

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to an end, completing a task, or reaching a conclusion. It can also refer to the act of dying or passing away. It is often used in contexts where a process or life reaches its final point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from the noun τέλος (telos), meaning "end" or "completion." It signifies the act of reaching that end or completion.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G499

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GOH-non

Translations: Antigonus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Antigonus, a common name among Hellenistic kings and generals, particularly Antigonus I Monophthalmus, one of Alexander the Great's generals, or his grandson Antigonus II Gonatas. It is used to refer to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antigonus is of Greek origin, derived from 'anti' (against, in return for) and 'gonos' (offspring, birth). It means 'instead of a father' or 'worthy of one's father'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G5540

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHREE-see-mon

Translations: useful, profitable, advantageous, serviceable, a useful thing, what is useful

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning useful, profitable, or advantageous. It describes something that is beneficial or serves a good purpose. It can be used to describe objects, actions, or qualities that are helpful or valuable.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ (chrēsimos) comes from the verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use, employ, make use of'.

G4520

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sah-TRAH-peen

Translations: satrap, a satrap, governor, a governor

Notes: A satrap was a governor of a province in the ancient Persian empire, and later in the Hellenistic empires of Alexander the Great's successors. The term is often used to denote a powerful provincial ruler or viceroy. It is a compound word derived from Old Persian.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word "satrap" comes from Old Persian *xšaθrapāvan- meaning 'protector of the province' or 'protector of the land'. It was adopted into Greek as σατράπης (satrapēs) and then into Latin and other European languages.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-non

Translations: being able, able, capable, powerful

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is currently able or capable of doing something. It can be used to describe a person or thing that possesses power or ability.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΝ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΝ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'δύναμαι' (dynamai) comes from the Greek root 'δύνα-' (dyna-), which relates to power, strength, and ability. It is connected to words like 'δύναμις' (dynamis, power) and 'δυνατός' (dynatos, powerful).

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-go-nos

Translations: Antigonus

Notes: Antigonus is a common Greek proper name, most notably associated with several Hellenistic kings and generals, particularly Antigonus I Monophthalmus, a general of Alexander the Great and founder of the Antigonid dynasty. It is used to refer to a specific individual named Antigonus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antigonus is a compound of two Greek words: ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and γόνος (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'. Thus, the name can be interpreted as 'instead of his father' or 'worthy of his father'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pis-KHNEH-toh

Translations: he was promising, she was promising, it was promising, he promised, she promised, it promised

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb ὙΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (hypischneomai), meaning 'to promise' or 'to undertake'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued. As a middle voice verb, it often implies that the subject is acting for their own benefit or on their own behalf. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὙΠΟ (hypo, 'under') and the verb ἼΣΧΩ (ischō, 'to hold, to have').

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G0851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-feh-LOH-meh-noy

Translations: taking away, having taken away, removing, having removed, cutting off, having cut off

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀφαιρέω', meaning 'to take away', 'to remove', or 'to cut off'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of taking away or removing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΌΠΤΩ, ἈΝΑΙΡΈΩ, ἈΠΟΛΎΩ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-doh-SOO-sin

Translations: they will hand over, they will deliver, they will betray, they will commit, they will entrust

Notes: This word is the future active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'παραδίδωμι' (paradidōmi). It means 'they will hand over' or 'they will deliver'. It can also carry the sense of 'betraying' someone or 'committing' something into someone's care. It is used to describe an action of transferring something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LOI-en

Translations: they might take up, they might destroy, they might kill, they might put to death

Notes: This word means to take up, lift up, or carry away. It can also mean to destroy, abolish, or put an end to something. In a more severe sense, it is often used to mean to kill or put to death. The specific meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Optative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΝΕΛΕΙΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') + αἱρέω (hairéō, 'to take, seize').

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G3934

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PAR-thoy

Translations: Parthians

Notes: This word refers to the Parthians, an ancient Iranian people who inhabited the region of Parthia, located in what is now northeastern Iran. They were known for their powerful empire, which was a major rival to the Roman Empire. In Koine Greek texts, the term is used to refer to the people from this region.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word 'Parthoi' is derived from the Old Persian 'Parθava', which was the name of the region and its inhabitants. It entered Greek through various historical interactions.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2609

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-GOHN-tes

Translations: bringing down, leading down, bringing back, returning, those who bring down, those who lead down

Notes: ΚΑΤΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ is the masculine nominative plural present active participle of the verb ΚΑΤΑΓΩ (katago). It describes an action of 'bringing down' or 'leading down' that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can refer to people who are in the act of bringing something or someone down, or leading them back.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb ΚΑΤΑΓΩ (katago) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G3845

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-ra-tha-LAHT-tee-oo

Translations: of the sea-coast, of the seaside, maritime, by the sea

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'by the sea' or 'maritime'. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'along', and 'θάλασσα' (thalassa), meaning 'sea'. It describes something located near or pertaining to the sea or its coast.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΛΙΟΣ, ΕΝΑΛΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'along', and θάλασσα (thalassa), meaning 'sea'. It describes something situated along the sea.

G3319

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: meh-soh-GAY-oo

Translations: of the interior, of the inland, of the middle of the land, (of) the Mediterranean

Notes: This word is a compound word derived from 'μέσος' (middle) and 'γῆ' (earth/land). It refers to something that is in the middle of the land, inland, or the interior. It can also specifically refer to the Mediterranean Sea, as it is 'in the middle of the lands'. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΧΩΡΑΣ, ΕΝΔΟΓΕΙΟΥ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek μεσόγειος (mesógeios), a compound of μέσος (mésos, “middle”) and γῆ (gê, “earth, land”).

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G0616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-KLEI-oo-see

Translations: they shut out, they exclude, they close off, they block

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning "from" or "away from," and the verb κλείω (kleiō), meaning "to shut" or "to close." Therefore, it means to shut away, to exclude, or to block off. It is used to describe an action where a group of people prevents others from entering a place or participating in something, or when they close off an access point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΕΙΩ, ΑΠΟΦΡΑΤΤΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and κλείω (kleiō, "to shut, to close").

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEK-sahn-toh

Translations: they received, they accepted, they welcomed, they took

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'δέχομαι' (dechomai), meaning 'to receive,' 'to accept,' or 'to welcome.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is used to indicate that a group of people took something, accepted an idea, or welcomed someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G1603

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EP-emp-sen

Translations: he sent out, he sent forth, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something out or away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a dispatch or commission. It is typically used in the past tense to indicate that the action has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκπέμπω (ekpempō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send out'.

G2687

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kah-tah-skep-soh-MEH-neen

Translations: about to spy out, about to examine, about to investigate, about to look down upon

Notes: This word is a future middle participle, indicating an action that will be performed by the subject for themselves or in their own interest. It describes someone who is going to spy out, examine, or investigate something. It is used to modify a feminine singular noun in the accusative case.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΟΠΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΕΥΝΑΩ

G3674

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOH-noo-mon

Translations: homonymous, having the same name, a homonym

Notes: This word describes something that shares the same name as something else. It is used to indicate that two or more entities bear the identical name, often leading to potential confusion or requiring clarification. For example, a tower might be called 'homonymous' if it shares its name with a person.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ὁμο- (homo-), meaning 'same', and ὄνυμα (onyma), an Aeolic form of ὄνομα (onoma), meaning 'name'. Thus, it literally means 'having the same name'.

G2573

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kar-MAY-lon

Translations: Carmel, Mount Carmel

Notes: This word refers to Mount Carmel, a significant mountain ridge in Israel mentioned frequently in the Old Testament. It is known for its lush vegetation and its association with the prophet Elijah and his confrontation with the prophets of Baal. It is used to denote the geographical location.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word "Carmel" is of Hebrew origin, meaning "garden land" or "fruitful land," reflecting the fertile nature of the mountain.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THON-ton

Translations: (of) having come, (of) coming, (of) going, (of) arriving

Notes: This word is the genitive plural participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action related to a noun. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, and can be translated as 'of those who came' or 'of those who are coming/going'. It describes a group of people or things that have performed the action of coming or going.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΩΝ, ΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΩΝ

G2092

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-TOY-mohs

Translations: readily, promptly, quickly, at hand, in readiness, prepared

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'readily' or 'promptly'. It describes an action that is done with ease, speed, or a state of preparedness. It can indicate that something is available or at hand, or that an action is performed without hesitation. For example, one might 'readily' obey a command or be 'prepared' for an event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΕΩΣ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ (hetoimos), meaning 'ready' or 'prepared'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of being 'at hand' or 'in order'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-ON-tone

Translations: of having, of holding, of possessing, of those who have, of those who hold, of those who possess

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the genitive plural, it often translates as 'of those who have' or 'of the ones possessing', indicating possession or a characteristic of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G4328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-DOH-kah

Translations: I was expecting, I expected, I waited for, I looked for

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to expect', 'to wait for', or 'to look for'. It implies a state of anticipation or looking forward to something, often with a sense of certainty or strong belief that it will happen. It is used to describe an action that was ongoing or completed in the past.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word προσδοκάω (prosdokao) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb δοκάω (dokao), which is related to δοκέω (dokeo), meaning 'to seem' or 'to think'. Thus, it literally means 'to think towards' or 'to look towards', leading to the sense of expecting or anticipating.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEE-tai

Translations: is called, is named, is invited

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present, passive indicative form of the verb 'to call' or 'to name'. It is used to indicate that someone or something is referred to by a particular name or title, or that they are summoned or invited. For example, 'He is called John' or 'It is named Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin 'calare' (to call out) and English 'hail'.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: hoo-pan-tee-ah-SAN-tone

Translations: of those who met, of those who came to meet, of those who went to meet

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hypantao', meaning 'to meet' or 'to go to meet'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by a noun or pronoun, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it indicates the action of 'meeting' or 'coming to meet' by a group of people, and it is in the genitive case, often indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ, ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ek-PIP-too-sin

Translations: fall through, escape, get out, break through, pass through

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes διά (dia, meaning 'through') and ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of') combined with the verb πίπτω (piptō, meaning 'to fall'). It describes the action of falling or passing through something, often implying an escape or breaking out. It can be used to describe people or things moving through a barrier or a difficult situation.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G4330

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-geh-no-MEH-non

Translations: of those who have come to, of those who have been added, of those who have joined, of those who have occurred, of those who have happened

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'προσγίνομαι' (pros-ginomai), meaning 'to come to, to be added, to join, to happen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state related to the main verb of a sentence. In this form, it refers to a group of people or things that have come to, been added to, or joined something, or that have occurred. It often implies an increase or an arrival.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G4962

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soos-TRAH-fen-tes

Translations: having gathered together, having assembled, having turned together, when they had gathered, those who gathered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ΣΥΣΤΡΕΦΩ, meaning 'to turn together' or 'to gather together'. It describes an action that has been completed, often indicating a group of people who have come together or assembled. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (to turn).

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-kon

Translations: they came, they had come, they arrived, they had arrived

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect or aorist indicative form of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It describes an action of coming or arriving that occurred in the past, either as a continuous action (imperfect) or a completed action (aorist). It is used to indicate that a group of people or things came to a certain place or state.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Imperfect or Aorist

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἥκω (hēkō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἵκω (hikō), meaning 'to come'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-po-li-OR-koon

Translations: they were besieging, they besieged, they were blockading, they blockaded

Notes: This word describes the action of besieging or blockading a city or a place. It is typically used to indicate a military action where an army surrounds a location to cut off supplies and force a surrender. The form indicates that the action was ongoing in the past, or completed in the past by a group of people.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-boh-ay-THOON-tohn

Translations: helping, assisting, coming to aid, giving aid, rendering assistance

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσβοηθέω', meaning 'to come to the aid of' or 'to render assistance'. It describes an action of providing help or support to someone or something. It is often used in contexts where people are actively engaged in helping or reinforcing others.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΜΜΑΧΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'προσβοηθέω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb 'βοηθέω' (boētheō), meaning 'to come to the aid of, to help'. The root 'βοηθέω' itself comes from 'βοή' (boē), meaning 'a cry, a shout', and 'θέω' (theō), meaning 'to run', thus originally referring to running to a cry for help.

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khees

Translations: of battle, of fight, of combat, of a battle, of a fight, of a combat

Notes: This word refers to a battle, fight, or combat. It is used to describe a physical conflict or struggle between individuals or groups. As a noun, it can function as the subject or object of a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥ, ΑΓΩΝΟΣ, ΕΡΙΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ (machē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It is related to words signifying struggle or combat.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G0058

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH

Translations: marketplace, a marketplace, market, a market, public square, a public square

Notes: This word refers to a public place of assembly, typically an open space in a city or town. It was used for various purposes, including commerce (a market), legal proceedings, and general public gatherings. It is often translated as 'marketplace' or 'public square'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑ, ἘΜΠΟΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀγορά' (Agora) comes from the Greek verb 'ἀγείρω' (ageirō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. It refers to a place where people gather.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oos

Translations: enemies, hostile ones

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone. It is often used as a substantive noun to mean 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. In a sentence, it would typically describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΥΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word πόλεμος (polemos) means 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) is used to form adjectives indicating belonging or relation. Thus, πολεμίος means 'belonging to war' or 'hostile', and by extension, 'an enemy'.

G4839

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-dee-OHK-san-tes

Translations: having pursued together, having chased together, having persecuted together

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΔΙΩΚΩ (DIOKO), meaning 'to pursue' or 'to chase'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subjects have pursued or chased someone or something in conjunction with others. It implies a collective or cooperative effort in the act of pursuing.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΞΑΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΞΑΝΤΕΣ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G3697

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lee-tas

Translations: hoplite, a hoplite, heavy-armed soldier, a heavy-armed soldier

Notes: An hoplite was a heavily armed foot soldier in ancient Greece. They were typically equipped with a large round shield (hoplon), a spear, and a sword. Hoplites fought in a phalanx formation, a tightly packed rectangular unit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor', referring to the shield carried by these soldiers.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G4139

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-see-on

Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW-tas

Translations: them, themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.

G1218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-mos

Translations: people, the people, common people, populace, a people, district

Notes: This word refers to the common people, the populace, or a community of people. It can also denote a specific district or locality where people reside. It is often used to distinguish the general population from rulers or elites.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to δαίω (daiō, "to divide"), referring to a division of land or people. It is the origin of English words like 'democracy' and 'demography'.

G4849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-MNA-khon

Translations: of allies, of confederates, of auxiliaries

Notes: This word refers to those who fight alongside someone, acting as allies, confederates, or auxiliaries. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μάχη' (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It is used to describe a group of people who are united in a common cause or conflict.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΩΝ, ΒΟΗΘΩΝ

Etymology: The word σύμμαχος (symmachos) is derived from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It literally means 'fighting with' or 'fellow-fighter'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: eh-RAY-moos

Translations: desolate, deserted, solitary, lonely, wilderness, desert, a wilderness, a desert

Notes: This word describes something that is desolate, deserted, or solitary. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, meaning 'desolate' or 'lonely'. It can also function as a noun itself, referring to a 'wilderness' or 'deserted place'. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative plural, referring to 'desolate places' or 'deserts'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΕΡΗΜΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΡΗΜΟΣ (erēmos) comes from a pre-Greek word, possibly related to the concept of being 'empty' or 'alone'.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koys

Translations: to houses, in houses, at houses, to homes, in homes, at homes, to temples, in temples, at temples

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'οἶκος' (oikos), which means 'house', 'home', or 'temple'. In Koine Greek, the dative case often indicates location ('in' or 'at') or indirect object ('to' or 'for'). Therefore, 'οἴκοις' typically translates to 'in houses', 'at homes', or 'to temples', depending on the context. It refers to multiple dwellings or sacred buildings.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑΙΣ, ΝΑΟΙΣ

G2618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tep-REH-sen

Translations: he burned down, it burned down, he set on fire, it set on fire

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to burn down' or 'to set on fire'. It describes the action of completely destroying something by fire. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb πρήθω (prēthō), meaning 'to burn' or 'to blow'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΗΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ

Etymology: The word καταπρήθω (kataprēthō) is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb πρήθω (prēthō), which means 'to burn' or 'to blow'. The combination emphasizes the complete destruction by fire.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G4820

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-bal-OHN

Translations: having met, having engaged, having contributed, having conferred, having joined battle

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'συμβάλλω' (symballō), which is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It generally means 'to throw together', 'to bring together', 'to meet', 'to encounter', 'to engage in battle', 'to contribute', or 'to confer'. As a participle, it describes an action completed prior to the main verb, often translated as 'having met' or 'having engaged'. It can be used to describe someone who has joined forces, encountered an opponent, or contributed to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G0615

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pok-TEI-nas

Translations: having killed, having slain, one who kills, one who slays

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἀποκτείνω', meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often translates as 'having killed' or 'one who has killed', indicating the subject has completed the action of killing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκτείνω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the action of killing, emphasizing the complete removal of life.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-no-MEH-non

Translations: of things happening, of events, of things being done, of things occurring, of those coming into being

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be done.' In this form, it describes things that are currently happening or coming into existence. As a genitive plural, it often refers to 'of the things that are happening' or 'of the events.' It can be used to describe ongoing processes or occurrences.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Genitive, Plural, Masculine/Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.

G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oh-SEE-meh-rai

Translations: daily, day by day, every day

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'daily' or 'every day'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur on a regular, day-to-day basis. For example, one might say 'he goes to the market daily' or 'they learn something new every day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘ' ΗΜΕΡΑΝ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΑΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek words ὅσος (hosos), meaning 'as much as', and ἡμέρα (hēmera), meaning 'day'. It literally means 'as much as a day' or 'every day'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ak-roh-boh-lis-MON

Translations: of skirmishes, of light engagements, of preliminary engagements

Notes: This word refers to the act of skirmishing or engaging in light, preliminary combat. It describes a minor engagement between small groups of soldiers, often before a main battle, or a series of such engagements. It's a compound word derived from 'ἄκρος' (akros, meaning 'highest' or 'extreme') and 'βολισμός' (bolismos, meaning 'a throwing' or 'a casting').

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΜΑΧΙΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΟΛΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἈΚΡΟΒΟΛΙΣΜΟΣ is a compound of ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', and βολισμός (bolismos), meaning 'a throwing' or 'a casting'. It refers to the 'throwing at the extreme' or 'throwing at the edge', hence a skirmish or light engagement at the fringes of a battle.

G0332

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-MEH-non

Translations: they were waiting, they waited, they were expecting, they expected

Notes: This word describes the act of waiting for someone or something, or expecting an event to occur. It implies a sense of anticipation or looking forward to something. It is often used in contexts where people are patiently awaiting an arrival or a specific outcome.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again, back') + μένω (ménō, 'to stay, remain, wait'). It literally means 'to wait up' or 'to wait back', conveying the sense of waiting for something to return or appear.

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-lon

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, throng, a throng

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also denote a throng or a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear him speak.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to disturb' or 'to trouble', perhaps referring to the commotion a crowd can cause.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-nayn

Translations: called, named, being called, being named, the one called, the one named

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is being called or named. It can be used to introduce a descriptive phrase or clause, often indicating a characteristic or identity.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

G1858

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-or-TEE

Translations: feast, a feast, festival, a festival, holiday, a holiday

Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or holiday, a time of celebration and special observance. It is often used in the context of Jewish or Christian religious feasts. It can be used to denote the specific day of a festival or the entire period of celebration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (though it can appear in other cases and numbers depending on context, e.g., Genitive as in ΕΟΡΤΗΣ)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΟΡΤΗ comes from an older Greek word, perhaps related to a root meaning 'to gather' or 'to celebrate'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to public festivals or holidays.

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tah

Translations: about to, going to, future, things to come, those who are about to

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to be going to'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is imminent or in the future. It can refer to future events, future people, or things that are destined to happen. In the provided examples, it refers to 'future things' or 'those who are about to'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΑ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΑ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEK-sane

Translations: to come, to have come, to arrive

Notes: This word is the future active infinitive of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It describes an action of coming or arriving that is expected to happen in the future. It is often used in indirect statements or to express purpose or result.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- ('to follow'). It is related to Latin sequor ('to follow') and English 'sequence'.

G1763

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-STA-sees

Translations: occurrence, presence, a presence, a standing in, an onset, an attack, an objection, an opposition

Notes: This word refers to the act of standing in or being present, often implying an occurrence or the arrival of something. It can also denote an onset or attack, or more abstractly, an objection or opposition. In the provided context, it seems to refer to the 'occurrence' or 'arrival' of a festival.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΣΤΑΣΙΣ (enstasis) comes from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', and the noun στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state'. Thus, it literally means 'a standing in' or 'a state of being in'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ath-ROY-zon-tai

Translations: they are gathered, they gather, they are assembled, they assemble

Notes: This word means 'to gather together' or 'to assemble'. It describes a group of people or things coming together in one place. It is used to indicate that an action is happening to the subject, or that the subject is performing the action upon themselves, as it is in the middle/passive voice.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀθροίζω (athroízō, “to gather together”), from ἄθροος (áthroos, “crowded, in a mass”), from ἀ- (a-, “together”) + θρόος (thróos, “noise, clamor”).

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G3695

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: oh-PLEES-meh-NOHN

Translations: of armed, of equipped, of furnished

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been armed' or 'having been equipped'. It describes people or things that have been put into a state of readiness, typically for battle or a specific task. As a genitive plural, it often translates as 'of those who are armed' or 'of the armed ones', indicating possession or association.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΠΛΩΝ, ΕΞΩΠΛΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peks-AY-sin

Translations: go out against, march out, sally forth, come out, go out

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to go out against, march out, or sally forth, often with the implication of an attack or confrontation. It describes the action of moving out from a place, typically a fortified position, to engage with an opponent or to proceed with a specific purpose. It is used in contexts where someone or a group leaves a secure location to confront or pursue something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΙΗΜΙ is a compound of the prepositions ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, in addition'), ΕΞ (ex, 'out of'), and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (hiēmi, 'to send, let go, put in motion'). The combination signifies 'to send out upon' or 'to go out against'.

G4260

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: proh-as-TEI-on

Translations: suburb, a suburb, outlying district, precinct

Notes: This word refers to an area outside or in front of a city, often a residential district or a surrounding territory. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'ἄστυ' (astu), meaning 'city'. It describes the area immediately adjacent to a city, akin to a suburb or a city's environs.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΧΩΡΟΣ, ΠΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and ἄστυ (astu), meaning 'city'. It literally means 'that which is before the city' or 'in front of the city'.

G3164

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ma-khe-SA-me-nos

Translations: having fought, after fighting, when he had fought

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'μάχομαι' (machomai), meaning 'to fight' or 'to contend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to indicate the circumstances or time of the main verb's action. It implies that the subject performed the action of fighting.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G5343

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: FEV-gon-TON

Translations: of those fleeing, of those who flee, of those who are fleeing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to flee' or 'to escape'. It describes people who are in the act of fleeing or escaping. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to those who are fleeing' or 'from those who are fleeing'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΟΝΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΦΕΥΓΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeug- meaning 'to flee'.

G1854

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EX-oh

Translations: outside, out, without, abroad

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.

G3861

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-boh-EH-theh-ee

Translations: he was helping, he was assisting, he was coming to the aid of

Notes: This word describes an ongoing action of providing help or assistance. It is a compound verb, combining 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', with 'βοηθέω' (boētheō), meaning 'to help' or 'to come to the aid of'. Thus, it implies coming alongside someone to offer aid or support, often in a continuous or repeated manner.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word παραβοηθέω (paraboētheō) is formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb βοηθέω (boētheō), meaning 'to help' or 'to come to the aid of'.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TAY-goss

Translations: commander, general, governor, a commander, a general, a governor

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, a general, or a governor. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead), literally meaning 'leader of an army'. It can be used to describe someone in charge of military forces or a civil administrator with significant authority, often in a military context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΟΥΞ

Etymology: From 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). It refers to one who leads an army or a military force.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GOH-noo

Translations: of Antigonus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Antigonus. Antigonus was a common name in ancient Greece, particularly among Hellenistic kings and generals, most notably Antigonus I Monophthalmus, one of Alexander the Great's generals and founder of the Antigonid dynasty. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Antigonus's' or 'belonging to Antigonus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antigonus is of Greek origin, derived from the elements 'anti' (meaning 'against' or 'in return for') and 'gonos' (meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'). It can be interpreted as 'in place of a parent' or 'born against'.

G1189

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-THEH-n-tos

Translations: having prayed, having begged, having implored, having requested, of one who prayed, of one who begged, of one who implored, of one who requested

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δεομαι' (deomai), meaning 'to pray,' 'to beg,' or 'to implore.' As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it describes someone who has performed the action of praying or begging. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or reason for another action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΗΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΞΑΜΕΝΟΥ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LO-go

Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G0227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-THES

Translations: true, real, a true thing, the truth

Notes: This word means 'true' or 'real'. As an adjective, it describes something as being in accordance with fact or reality. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'that which is true' or 'the truth' itself, often referring to a concept or statement that is factual and reliable. In the provided examples, it is used substantively to refer to 'the truth' or 'a true thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-PRAX-ohn

Translations: about to work with, who will work with, cooperating, about to cooperate

Notes: This word is a compound participle formed from the prefix 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. As a future active participle, it describes someone who is 'about to work with' or 'who will cooperate'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, performed by the subject in conjunction with others.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Future, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΩΝ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΣΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pan-TEE-san-tos

Translations: of meeting, of having met, of coming to meet

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine aorist active participle of the verb 'hypantao', meaning 'to meet' or 'to go to meet'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. In the genitive case, it often functions in a genitive absolute construction, indicating a circumstance or time when something else happened, such as 'when he met' or 'after he had met'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΗΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΤΗΣΑΝΤΟΣ

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-KSAH-meh-noo

Translations: receiving, having received, accepting, having accepted, welcoming, having welcomed, taking, having taken

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dechomai', meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, indicating someone who is in the state of having received or accepted something. It can be used to describe someone who has welcomed a person or taken something into their possession.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'dechomai' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It is related to other Greek words that convey the idea of taking or holding.

G3578

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kseh-NEE-ah

Translations: hospitality, a hospitality, guest-gifts, presents, lodging, entertainment

Notes: This word refers to the practice of hospitality, which was a very important social custom in the ancient world. It can also refer to the gifts given to a guest or host as part of this custom, or to the lodging provided to a guest. It is used to describe the act of receiving and entertaining strangers or guests.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΞΕΝΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΞΕΝΟΔΟΧΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ξένος (xénos), meaning 'stranger' or 'guest'. The suffix -ία is used to form abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality related to the root.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEI-thei

Translations: he persuades, she persuades, it persuades, he trusts, she trusts, it trusts, he obeys, she obeys, it obeys

Notes: This word means to persuade, to convince, or to win over. It can also mean to trust or to obey, especially in the perfect tense (πεποιθέναι) where it signifies a state of having been persuaded, hence trusting or being confident. It is used to describe the act of influencing someone's opinion or actions, or the state of being convinced or compliant.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bah-zah-FRAH-neen

Translations: Bazaphranes

Notes: This is a proper noun, likely referring to a person or a place name. In the provided context, it appears to be a geographical location or a leader associated with a region, as Pacorus is described as traveling along the coast while Bazaphranes is associated with the interior. It is used in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of an action or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: This word appears to be of Persian or Aramaic origin, likely a personal or place name, and not a native Greek word. Specific etymological details are not readily available in Greek lexicons.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G4937

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-TEE-thays

Translations: putting together, composing, agreeing, covenanting, arranging, devising, conspiring

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Therefore, it literally means 'to put together'. It is used to describe the act of composing or arranging something, such as a plan or an agreement. It can also mean to agree or covenant with someone, or to devise or conspire.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEY-theh-tai

Translations: he is persuaded, he obeys, he trusts, he yields, he submits

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be persuaded, to obey, or to trust. It describes the action of someone being convinced by another, or of submitting to authority or advice. It can also imply a sense of reliance or confidence in someone or something. It is often used in contexts where one person is influenced by or complies with another.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΙΚΩ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1867

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ahee-NOON-tos

Translations: of praising, of commending, of approving, of extolling

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'of one who is praising' or 'of one who is commending'. It describes an ongoing action of praise or approval and functions adjectivally or substantively in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the words of him who is praising'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G4238

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: PRAH-toh-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those doing, (to) those practicing, (to) those performing, (to) those accomplishing, (to) those acting

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do,' 'to practice,' 'to perform,' or 'to accomplish.' In this form, it refers to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are being done to,' depending on the context. It describes an ongoing action and is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Present, Middle or Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PIS-ton

Translations: unbelieving, faithless, incredible, unbelievable, an unbelieving thing, an incredible thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is without faith or belief, or something that is unbelievable or incredible. It can refer to a person who lacks trust or conviction, or to a situation or claim that is difficult to believe. It is often used to describe those who do not believe in God or Christ, or things that are deemed impossible or beyond belief.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΗΣ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πιστός' (pistos, meaning 'faithful' or 'believing').

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-koo-sin

Translations: they came, they arrived, they have come, they have arrived

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It is used to describe the action of people or things moving towards a particular place or state. In this form, it indicates that a group of people 'came' or 'arrived'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- 'to follow'. In ancient Greek, it developed the meaning of 'to have come, to be present, to arrive'.

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TITH-es-thai

Translations: to lay upon, to put upon, to impose, to attack, to assault, to apply oneself to, to devote oneself to

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, on) and the verb 'τίθημι' (to place, to put). It means to lay or put something upon something else, to impose something, or to apply oneself to a task. In a military context, it can mean to attack or assault. It is often used in the middle voice to indicate an action done to oneself or for one's own benefit, or to indicate an attack.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: keh-LEH-on-tos

Translations: of commanding, of ordering, of bidding, of urging, of enjoining

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κελεύω', meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. It describes someone who is in the act of commanding or giving an order. In this genitive form, it often indicates the source or agent of the command, functioning similarly to 'of the one commanding' or 'by the one who commands'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

G3638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-KHO-n-toh

Translations: they went, they were gone, they departed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to depart', or 'to be gone'. It often implies a sense of having vanished or disappeared. It is used to describe a group of people or things that have left a place or state.

Inflection: Imperfect or Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word οἴχομαι (oichomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weyk- meaning 'to turn, bend'.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON

Translations: leaving, forsaking, abandoning, deserting, remaining, being left behind

Notes: ΚΑΤΑΛΙΠΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, meaning 'to leave behind, forsake, abandon, or desert'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (to leave). As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'having left' or 'by leaving'. It can also imply a state of being left behind or remaining.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-go-MEH-nohn

Translations: of things being said, of things being spoken, of things being told, of things being called

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb while retaining verbal qualities. In this form, it refers to 'things that are being said' or 'things that are being spoken about'. It is used to describe the subject or object of a statement or discussion.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-noys

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having arisen, having been born, (to) those who have become, (to) those who have come to be, (to) those who have happened, (to) those who have arisen, (to) those who have been born

Notes: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ is a form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of becoming or happening. In this dative plural form, it often refers to 'to those who have become' or 'to those who have happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1056

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yah

Translations: Galilee

Notes: Galilee is a region in northern ancient Israel, known for its fertile land and significant role in biblical history, particularly as the primary setting for Jesus's ministry. It is often referred to in the New Testament.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Galilee' comes from the Hebrew word 'galil' (גָּלִיל), meaning 'circle' or 'district'. It referred to a district of northern Israel, particularly the region inhabited by Gentiles.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pan-TAH-oh-sin

Translations: to meet, to go to meet, to come to meet

Notes: This word means to meet someone or something, often with the implication of going out to encounter them. It can describe a deliberate action of approaching another person or group, whether for a friendly encounter, a confrontation, or a formal reception. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and ΑΝΤΑΩ (antao), meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite to'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G5286

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-fess-TOH-tess

Translations: having stood under, having been established, having existed, having been present, having been real, having been actual

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, masculine plural, nominative or accusative case, derived from the verb Ὑφίστημι. It means 'having stood under' or 'having been established/existed'. It can describe something that has a real or actual existence, or something that has been put in place or established. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, 'under') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand').

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΟΝΤΕΣ, ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G5264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-DEKH-eh-tai

Translations: receives, welcomes, entertains, receives as a guest

Notes: This word means to receive someone, especially as a guest, to welcome them, or to entertain them. It implies an act of hospitality, taking someone into one's home or presence. It is often used in contexts where someone is being given a warm reception.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. The combination suggests receiving someone 'under one's roof' or 'into one's care'.

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

G1901

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-boo-LEH-oo-en

Translations: to plot against, to conspire against, to scheme against, to lay a plot against, to devise evil against

Notes: This verb means to plot, conspire, or devise evil against someone. It implies a deliberate and often malicious intention to harm or undermine another person or group through secret plans or schemes. It is typically used with a dative object, indicating the person against whom the plot is directed.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΛΟΠΛΟΚΕΩ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΤΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, “upon, against”) + βουλεύω (bouleuō, “to plan, advise”). It literally means 'to plan against'.

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-LAHT-tays

Translations: of the sea, of a sea, of the lake, of a lake

Notes: This word refers to a large body of water, such as a sea or a lake. It is commonly used to describe geographical features or as a setting for events, often indicating origin or possession related to the sea.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΛΙΜΝΗ

Etymology: The word "θάλασσα" (thalassa) is of pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of Greek speakers. It is not derived from a Proto-Indo-European root.

G2609

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TAH-gon-tai

Translations: they are brought down, they are led down, they are brought back, they are led back, they are brought ashore, they are put in, they are lodged

Notes: This is a verb meaning "to bring down," "to lead down," "to bring back," or "to bring ashore." In the passive voice, as seen here, it means "to be brought down," "to be led down," "to be brought back," or "to be brought ashore." It can also refer to being lodged or put in a place, especially after a journey by sea.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΟΝΤΑΙ, ΕΙΣΑΓΟΝΤΑΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khon

Translations: had, were having, possessed, held

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe an action that was happening over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they had' or 'they were holding'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G1902

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-boo-LEH-oo-meh-noos

Translations: being plotted against, being conspired against, being ambushed

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being plotted against' or 'being conspired against'. It describes someone or a group of people who are the object of a plot or conspiracy. It is used to indicate an ongoing action being done to the subject.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΤΟΥΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἐπιβουλεύω (epibouleuō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the verb βουλεύω (bouleuō), meaning 'to deliberate' or 'to plan'. Thus, it literally means 'to plan against' or 'to plot against'.

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PANG-gei-len

Translations: he announced, he reported, he told, he declared, he brought word

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō). It means 'he announced,' 'he reported,' or 'he told.' It is used to describe the action of someone conveying a message or information to others, often with the sense of bringing news from one place to another. It is a compound word, combining the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from') with the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce' or 'to report').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΕΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report.' Thus, the word literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report from,' emphasizing the source or origin of the message.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fy-LAH-kays

Translations: (of) guard, (of) prison, (of) watch, (of) custody, (of) a guard, (of) a prison, (of) a watch, (of) a custody

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding, a place of confinement like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can also refer to the people who are guarding or keeping watch. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of the guard' or 'belonging to the prison'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

G4026

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-ees-TAH-meh-nays

Translations: of standing around, of surrounding, of turning around, of avoiding, of shunning

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb περιίστημι (periistēmi). It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. Depending on context, it can mean 'standing around' or 'surrounding' (in the middle voice, indicating an action done to oneself or for oneself), or 'turning around' or 'avoiding/shunning' (in the active voice, which the middle/passive form can sometimes imply). It often refers to people or things gathering around something or someone, or to the act of avoiding something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G4037

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-meh-non

Translations: were waiting for, used to wait for, kept waiting for, awaited, expected

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'περί' (around, about) and 'μένω' (to remain, to wait). It means to wait for someone or something, to await, or to expect. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, suggesting that the waiting was continuous or habitual.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to wait'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G4815

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-LA-boy-en

Translations: they might seize, they might arrest, they might help, they might conceive

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to seize together,' 'to arrest,' 'to help,' or 'to conceive' (as in becoming pregnant). It is formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize.' Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying joint action or assistance, or the act of apprehending someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

G337

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: proh-an-ee-ray-MEH-non

Translations: of those previously taken up, of those previously destroyed, of those previously killed, of those previously abolished

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'ἀναιρέω' (anaireō) meaning 'to take up, destroy, kill, abolish,' combined with the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'previously.' Therefore, it refers to actions that have been completed in the past, specifically 'having been previously taken up,' 'having been previously destroyed,' 'having been previously killed,' or 'having been previously abolished.' It describes a state resulting from a past action that occurred prior to another event.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Genitive, Plural, All genders

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

G0143

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ahee-STHOH-meh-nos

Translations: perceiving, understanding, realizing, noticing, becoming aware, having perceived, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἰσθάνομαι', meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes an action that is either ongoing or completed by the subject of the main verb. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action, such as 'when he perceived' or 'because he understood'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, the one having

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun that 'has' something, or adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed (e.g., 'while having'). In the provided examples, it describes things that 'do not have' a leader, trees 'having' branches, and 'the one having' all power.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-AY-noon

Translations: they were advising, they were exhorting, they were urging, they were admonishing

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παραινέω' (parainéō). It means 'to advise', 'to exhort', 'to urge', or 'to admonish'. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Thus, 'they were advising' or 'they kept on advising' are appropriate translations.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fip-PAH-sas-thai

Translations: to ride away, to depart on horseback

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ride away' or 'to depart on horseback'. It describes the action of leaving a place by means of a horse. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo, meaning 'away from') and ἱππάζομαι (hippazomai, meaning 'to ride a horse').

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἀφιππάζομαι is derived from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'away from', and ἱππάζομαι (hippazomai), meaning 'to ride a horse', which itself comes from ἵππος (hippos), meaning 'horse'.

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EE-gen

Translations: was leading, was bringing, was carrying, was driving, was going, was bringing in, was bringing forth

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἀνάγω' (anagō) or 'ἐνάγω' (enagō), meaning 'to lead up/back/in' or 'to bring up/back/in'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that 'he/she/it was leading' or 'was bringing'. The prefix 'ἐν-' means 'in' or 'into', and 'ἀνά-' means 'up' or 'back'. The root verb 'ἄγω' means 'to lead, bring, or carry'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΛΚΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-KAY-ko-ee

Translations: he has heard, she has heard, it has heard

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. Therefore, 'ἈΚΗΚΟΕΙ' means 'he/she/it has heard' or 'has listened'. It describes a state resulting from a past act of hearing.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΕΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G4145

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ploo-see-OH-tah-too

Translations: (of) the richest, (of) the most wealthy

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the superlative adjective 'πλούσιος' (plousios), meaning 'rich' or 'wealthy'. As a superlative, it means 'richest' or 'most wealthy'. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so it would typically be translated as 'of the richest' or 'belonging to the most wealthy'. It describes someone or something possessing the greatest amount of wealth.

Inflection: Superlative, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΡΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΧΡΗΜΑΤΟΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word πλούσιος (plousios) comes from πλοῦτος (ploutos), meaning 'wealth' or 'riches'. This noun is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G5343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-GAYN

Translations: flight, a flight, escape, a fleeing

Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing or escaping, often from danger or pursuit. It can describe a rapid departure or a strategic withdrawal. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the action of someone or a group of people running away.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΓΗ (phygē) comes from the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bheug- meaning 'to flee'.

G1451

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective, Preposition

Sounds like: eng-GYS

Translations: near, close, at hand, nigh

Notes: This word indicates proximity, either in terms of physical distance (near, close) or temporal closeness (at hand, imminent). It is often used to describe something that is about to happen or is very close in time. It can function adverbially, modifying a verb, or adjectivally, describing a noun, and sometimes as a preposition taking the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΓΓΥΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root for 'hand' or 'reach', suggesting something within reach.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THAH-lah-ssah

Translations: sea, a sea

Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the Mediterranean Sea or other significant bodies of water. It can be used in various contexts, often indicating a place of travel, danger, or a source of resources.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word "thalassa" is of pre-Greek, Pelasgian origin, meaning it predates the arrival of Indo-European speakers in Greece.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-KSEE-oo

Translations: was thinking worthy, was deeming worthy, was demanding, was asking, was requesting, was claiming, was expecting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or repeatedly considering something worthy, or making a request or demand. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a belief that one has a right to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G3850

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-kin-dy-NEV-ein

Translations: to risk, to venture, to expose oneself to danger, to run a risk

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to risk or to venture, often implying an exposure to danger or a willingness to take a chance. It combines the preposition 'para' (alongside, beyond) with the verb 'kindyneuo' (to be in danger, to risk). It describes an action where one goes beyond what is safe or expected, putting oneself in a precarious situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside, beyond', and the verb κινδυνεύω (kindyneuō), meaning 'to be in danger, to risk'. The root verb κινδυνεύω comes from κίνδυνος (kindynos), meaning 'danger, risk'.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pros-EL-thohn

Translations: having come to, approaching, having approached, coming near

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come to' or 'having approached'. It describes an action that happened prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate someone drawing near to a person or place, or coming forward to do something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΕΓΓΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G1011

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-LEH-oo-meh-non

Translations: deliberating, planning, consulting, advising, resolving, purposing, devising, plotting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βουλεύω', meaning to deliberate or consult. It describes someone who is in the process of making a decision, planning, or devising a strategy. It can be used to indicate an action that is ongoing or a state of being engaged in thought or counsel.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΠΕΩ, ΜΕΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΑΙΡΕΩ

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-OH-meh-noh

Translations: begging, entreating, praying, needing, lacking, of those begging, of those entreating, of those praying, of those needing, of those lacking

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'δεομαι' (deomai), meaning 'to beg,' 'to entreat,' 'to pray,' or 'to need/lack.' As a participle, it describes someone who is in the act of begging, entreating, or needing something. It can be used to describe people who are in a state of need or who are making a request.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΧΡΗΖΩ

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nah

Translations: more, many, a greater number, a greater amount

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, number, or degree of something. It can function as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more than' or 'greater than', or as a substantive, referring to 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΙΖΩΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: DEI-non

Translations: terrible, a terrible thing, dreadful, a dreadful thing, fearful, a fearful thing, mighty, a mighty thing, powerful, a powerful thing, formidable, a formidable thing, dire, a dire thing, awful, an awful thing, strange, a strange thing, wondrous, a wondrous thing, marvelous, a marvelous thing, clever, a clever thing, skillful, a skillful thing

Notes: This word describes something that inspires fear, awe, or respect due to its power, intensity, or unusual nature. It can refer to something terrible or dreadful, but also to something remarkably powerful, skillful, or wondrous. It can be used to describe a person, an event, or a quality. When used as a noun, it refers to a terrible or powerful thing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack', but more directly related to the idea of 'fear' or 'dread'. It conveys the sense of something that causes one to be bound by fear or awe.

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tei

Translations: (by) faith, (in) faith, (with) faith, (to) faith, (by) trust, (in) trust, (with) trust, (to) trust, (by) belief, (in) belief, (with) belief, (to) belief

Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'faith,' 'trust,' or 'belief.' It refers to a firm conviction or reliance on something or someone. In Koine Greek, it is often used to describe spiritual faith, particularly in God or Christ. As a dative case, it indicates the means, instrument, or recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'by,' 'in,' 'with,' or 'to.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ

G4905

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-el-THON-tas

Translations: having come together, assembled, gathered, those who had come together, the ones who assembled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come together' or 'having assembled'. It describes a group of people who have gathered or convened. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go). It is used to refer to people who have gathered for a specific purpose or in a particular place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΑΓΟΝΤΑΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΡΟΙΣΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ok-TEI-nai

Translations: to kill, to slay, to put to death

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀποκτείνω'. It means 'to kill' or 'to slay'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used to express purpose, result, or as the object of another verb. For example, it can be translated as 'to kill' in a sentence like 'he came to kill'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, off') and κτείνω (kteinō, 'to kill'). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of the verb 'to kill'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G0091

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-dee-KOON-tas

Translations: those who wrong, those who do wrong, those who are unjust, wrongdoers, unjust ones

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἈΔΙΚΈΩ' (ADIKEO), meaning 'to do wrong' or 'to be unjust'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is actively engaged in wrongdoing or injustice. It refers to people who are committing acts of unrighteousness or harm.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΥΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΥΣ

G0915

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: bar-BA-ros

Translations: barbarian, a barbarian, foreign, a foreigner, non-Greek

Notes: This word refers to someone who is not Greek, particularly someone whose language sounds like unintelligible babbling (like 'bar-bar'). It can be used as an adjective to describe something as foreign or non-Greek, or as a noun to refer to a person from a non-Greek culture or land. In ancient Greek thought, it often carried a connotation of being uncivilized or uncultured compared to the Greeks.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine (can also be Feminine or Neuter, and other cases)

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΞΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is onomatopoeic, imitating the unintelligible sounds of foreign speech, similar to 'blah-blah' or 'bar-bar'. It was used by the ancient Greeks to describe anyone who did not speak Greek.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GON-tos

Translations: of saying, of speaking, of telling, of calling, of meaning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ', meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a genitive participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of an action, such as 'while saying' or 'when he was speaking'. It can also function adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, meaning 'of the one saying'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G3660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OHM-noo-en

Translations: he was swearing, he swore, he was taking an oath, he took an oath

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to swear' or 'to take an oath'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was happening at a specific point in the past. It is used when someone makes a solemn declaration, often calling upon a deity or something sacred as a witness to the truth of their statement.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΟΡΚΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of binding or agreement. It is connected to the idea of a solemn declaration that binds one to a truth or promise.

G5282

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-no-oo-MEH-non

Translations: suspected, supposed, imagined, conjectured, inferred, implied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to suspect' or 'to suppose'. It refers to things that are suspected, conjectured, or imagined, rather than explicitly stated or known. It describes something that is understood or inferred, often with a sense of underlying meaning or suspicion. In a sentence, it would describe the nature of certain things or ideas.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΠΤΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΙΚΑΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-AY-ee

Translations: he was going away, he was departing, he went away, he departed

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ἀπέρχομαι' (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued for some time. It is used to indicate someone leaving a place or situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ἘΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to go away from'.

G3638

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oy-KHO-me-noo

Translations: of having gone, of having departed, of having perished, of having been destroyed, of having been lost, of having vanished

Notes: This word is a genitive singular masculine or neuter participle derived from the verb 'οἴχομαι' (oichomai), meaning 'to go, to depart, to perish, to be lost'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, and can be translated with 'of' or 'concerning' the one who has gone or perished. For example, 'of the one having departed' or 'concerning the one who is lost'.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive Voice, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΩΛΌΤΟΣ, ἘΞΕΛΗΛΥΘΌΤΟΣ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G1965

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-OR-kee-as

Translations: of perjury, of false swearing, of a false oath

Notes: This word refers to the act of perjury, which is the offense of willfully telling an untruth or making a misrepresentation under oath. It can also refer to the breaking of an oath or a false oath itself. It is used to describe the act of swearing falsely or violating a sworn promise.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΕΥΔΟΡΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΟΡΚΙΑ (epiorkia) comes from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and ὅρκος (horkos), meaning 'oath'. Thus, it literally means 'upon an oath' or 'in addition to an oath', referring to a false or broken oath.

G2550

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-KEE-zon-tah

Translations: reviling, reproaching, slandering, speaking evil of, accusing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'kakizo', meaning to revile, reproach, or speak evil of someone. It describes an action of blaming or accusing. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the subject or object of a sentence while also conveying verbal action.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΣΦΗΜΟΥΝΤΑ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΟΥΝΤΑ

G3934

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: par-THOOS

Translations: Parthians

Notes: This word refers to the Parthians, the inhabitants of Parthia, an ancient kingdom located southeast of the Caspian Sea, in what is now northeastern Iran. It is used to denote the people themselves, often in a collective sense, as seen in contexts describing military campaigns or geographical references.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΠΑΡΘΟΣ" (Parthos) is derived from the Old Persian "Parthava," which was the name of the region and its people. It entered Greek through contact with the Persian Empire.

G0649

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-pes-tal-MEH-nos

Translations: sent, dispatched, an apostle, a messenger, one who has been sent

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'apostellō' (to send away, dispatch). It describes someone or something that has been sent or dispatched, often with a specific purpose or mission. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to the one who has been sent, such as a messenger or an apostle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: APOSTOLOS, PEMPTOS, EKPESTOS

G2135

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-NOO-khos

Translations: eunuch, a eunuch, chamberlain, an officer

Notes: This word refers to a eunuch, a castrated man, often employed in ancient courts as a chamberlain or guardian of a harem. It can also refer to an officer of the court, regardless of whether they were literally castrated, as the term became associated with high-ranking officials in royal households. In a broader sense, it can refer to someone who has renounced marriage for the sake of the kingdom of God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὐνοῦχος (eunoûkhos), from εὐνή (eunḗ, “bed”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “to have, to keep”). Literally meaning 'bed-keeper' or 'guardian of the bedchamber'.

G4254

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: proh-ah-GAH-gohn

Translations: leading forth, bringing forth, going before, bringing out, bringing forward, advancing

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro, meaning 'before' or 'forward') and the verb ἄγω (agō, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or completed, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It generally means 'leading forward,' 'bringing out,' or 'going before,' often implying movement or progression in front of something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sool-lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to seize, to arrest, to take, to help, to assist, to conceive

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Depending on the context, it can mean to seize or arrest someone, to take hold of something, or to help or assist someone. When referring to a woman, it can also mean to conceive a child.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound of the Greek preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to take'.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb Participle

Sounds like: pem-FTHEN-tes

Translations: sent, having been sent, those who were sent, the ones sent

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been sent' or 'those who were sent'. It describes individuals or groups who have been dispatched, commissioned, or delegated for a specific purpose. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has undergone the action of being sent.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to send, to conduct'.

G4815

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-lah-BON-tone

Translations: of seizing, of arresting, of catching, of helping, of conceiving, of taking together

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine participle of the verb 'συλλαμβάνω' (syllambanō). It describes an action of 'seizing,' 'arresting,' 'catching,' 'helping,' or 'conceiving,' and is used to indicate that the action is performed by multiple male subjects. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'after they had seized them' or 'of those who helped'.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ

G4314, G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EY-see

Translations: go to, approach, come to, draw near, advance

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be' or 'to go'. Together, it means 'to go towards', 'to approach', or 'to come to'. It describes the act of moving closer to a person, place, or object, often with a specific purpose or intention.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, towards, with', and the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be' or 'to go'. 'Πρός' comes from Proto-Indo-European, and 'εἰμί' also derives from Proto-Indo-European roots related to existence and movement.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-toyss

Translations: (to) powerful, (to) mighty, (to) able, (to) possible

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning powerful, mighty, or able. It describes someone or something possessing strength, capability, or authority. It can also refer to something that is possible or feasible. In its dative plural form, as seen in the examples, it often translates to 'to the powerful' or 'for the mighty', indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-DOH-tes

Translations: knowing, having known, being aware, understanding

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in a state of knowing or having known something. It can be used to indicate the reason for an action or the state of a subject.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'oida' (from which 'eidotes' is derived) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to signify knowledge gained through observation or experience.

G5271

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pek-REE-non-toh

Translations: they were pretending, they were acting, they were feigning, they were playing a part

Notes: This word describes the act of pretending or feigning, often with the intention to deceive or to put on a false appearance. It implies acting a part, like an actor on a stage, to conceal one's true feelings or intentions. It is used to describe people who are not genuine in their actions or words.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΟΙΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΑΣΣΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΟΙΕΩ

G1389

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: doh-leh-ROHS

Translations: deceitfully, treacherously, craftily

Notes: This word describes an action performed in a deceitful, treacherous, or crafty manner. It indicates that the action is done with an intent to mislead or harm through trickery. It is used to modify verbs, showing how something is done.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΙΩΣ, ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΛΕΡΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΔΟΛΕΡΟΣ (doleros), meaning 'deceitful', which in turn comes from the noun ΔΟΛΟΣ (dolos), meaning 'deceit' or 'trick'.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEIN

Translations: to be necessary, to be needful, to be proper, to be right, to be fitting, to be binding, to be obligatory, to be due, to be destined, to be fated, to be required, to be compelled, to be obliged, to need, to have to, must, ought

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the impersonal verb 'ΔΕΙ'. It means 'to be necessary' or 'it is necessary'. It is often used to express obligation, necessity, or what is proper or destined to happen. It typically takes an infinitive as its subject, indicating what must or ought to be done.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eks-EL-thon-tah

Translations: having gone out, going out, coming out, having come out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring. It indicates someone or something that has departed from a place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAN-tan

Translations: to meet, to go to meet, to encounter

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'to meet' or 'to go to meet'. It describes the action of encountering someone or something, often by going out to them. It can be used in various contexts where a meeting or confrontation takes place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under, to') and ἀντάω (antáō, 'to meet, to face'). It literally means 'to meet from under' or 'to meet face to face'.

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-MEE-zoh-sin

Translations: they bring, they carry, they receive, they obtain

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing, carrying, or conveying something. It can also mean to receive or obtain something, often implying that it is due or deserved. It is used to indicate the movement of objects or the acquisition of something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kem- 'to labor, to be tired'. The word originally meant 'to take care of, to provide for' and evolved to mean 'to carry, to bring' and 'to receive'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-LAYF-thigh

Translations: to have been taken, to have been received, to have been seized, to have been grasped

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a perfect passive infinitive, it describes an action that has been completed and whose subject is the recipient of the action. It is used to express the state of having been taken, received, or seized.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HE-kane

Translations: to have come, to be present, to arrive, to come, to be fitting, to pertain to

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive of the verb ἥκω. It describes the state of having arrived and being present, or the action of coming. It can also be used impersonally to mean 'it is fitting' or 'it pertains to' when followed by an infinitive.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- 'to follow'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to have come' or 'to be present', implying a state of having followed a path to a destination.

G1213

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: day-LOON-tas

Translations: showing, making clear, declaring, revealing, explaining, (the ones) showing, (the ones) making clear

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ΔΗΛΟΩ (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear, show, declare, or reveal'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with the main verb. In this form, it refers to 'those who are showing' or 'the ones making clear', often acting as a substantive (a noun formed from a participle).

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Accusative Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΝΤΑΣ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΝΤΑΣ, ΜΗΝΥΟΝΤΑΣ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G2720

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tor-THOH-see-eh

Translations: to set upright, to make straight, to accomplish, to succeed, to achieve, to perform, to correct

Notes: This word describes the act of setting something upright, making it straight, or bringing it to a successful conclusion. It implies achieving a goal, accomplishing a task, or correcting a wrong. It can be used in contexts where one successfully completes an endeavor or rectifies a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and ὀρθόω (orthoō), meaning 'to make straight' or 'to set upright'. It literally means 'to set straight down' or 'to make thoroughly straight', leading to the sense of accomplishing or succeeding.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TEV-sen

Translations: he believed, she believed, it believed, he trusted, she trusted, it trusted, he had faith, she had faith, it had faith

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe,' 'to trust,' or 'to have faith.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a single person or entity placed their belief or trust in someone or something. It is often used to describe spiritual faith or intellectual assent.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ROHN

Translations: of others, of other things, of different ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'heteros', meaning 'other' or 'another'. It often implies a difference in kind or quality, distinguishing it from 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to refer to things or people that are distinct or different from those previously mentioned or understood.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin word 'alter' (other, another).

G3867

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-ee-NOO-sees

Translations: of advising, of exhorting, of counseling, of urging, of admonishing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'advising' or 'exhorting'. It describes an ongoing action of giving counsel or urging someone to do something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and in this genitive case, it often indicates possession or the source of an action, such as 'of the one advising'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΘΕΤΟΥΣΗΣ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΥΣΗΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G5283

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-PTEH-yeh

Translations: suspected, distrusted, feared

Notes: This word means to suspect, to distrust, or to fear. It describes the act of having a suspicion or apprehension about someone or something, often implying a lack of trust or a belief that something negative might be happening or is intended. It is used to express a feeling of unease or doubt regarding a person's motives or an unfolding situation.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΝΟΕΩ, ΦΟΒΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and a derivative of ΟΠΤΕΥΩ (opteuō), meaning 'to spy' or 'to observe'. Thus, it literally means 'to observe secretly' or 'to spy from underneath', leading to the sense of suspecting or distrusting.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones

Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EH-khon

Translations: they were paying attention, they were giving heed, they were attending, they were applying themselves, they were taking heed, they were being careful

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb προσέχω (prosechō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to pay attention, give heed, attend to, or apply oneself to something. It can also mean to be careful or beware, especially when followed by a dative case.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TEH-oo-en

Translations: he was believing, he was trusting, he was entrusting, he was committing, he was having faith

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to believe', 'to trust', or 'to have faith'. It is often used to describe an ongoing state of belief or trust in someone or something. It can also mean 'to entrust' or 'to commit' something to someone. In the provided context, it describes someone who was in the process of believing or trusting.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ, ἘΜΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ

G3029

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G1743

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EM-fro-nee

Translations: sensible, prudent, thoughtful, discreet, a sensible, a prudent, a thoughtful, a discreet

Notes: This word describes someone who is sensible, prudent, or thoughtful. It implies a state of being in one's right mind, having good judgment, and acting with discretion. It is often used to commend someone's wisdom or sound decision-making.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΩΝ, ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΝΟΥΝΕΧΗΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, 'in') and φρήν (phrēn, 'mind, intellect'). It literally means 'in mind' or 'having mind'.

G1011

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-LEH-oo-MEH-nohn

Translations: of those deliberating, of those consulting, of those planning, of those purposing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ', meaning 'to deliberate', 'to consult', 'to plan', or 'to purpose'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes the action of 'those who are deliberating' or 'those who are consulting'. It is often used to refer to a group of people engaged in a process of decision-making or strategic planning.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G5534

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY

Translations: it is necessary, it is proper, one ought, must, should

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'it is proper'. It is often used to express a moral obligation or a logical necessity. It typically takes an infinitive or an accusative with an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is necessary or proper to do.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: From an obsolete verb χράω (chraō), meaning 'to furnish what is needful'. It is related to words concerning use and usefulness.

G0700

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-RES-ken

Translations: he was pleasing, it was pleasing, he pleased, it pleased, he was agreeable, it was agreeable

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀρέσκω (areskō). It means 'to please', 'to be agreeable', or 'to satisfy'. In a sentence, it describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past, indicating that someone or something was in the process of pleasing or being agreeable to another.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΥΔΟΚΕΩ, ΙΚΑΝΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἀρέσκω (areskō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἄρω (arō), meaning 'to fit, join'.

G5319

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-neh-ROO

Translations: to make manifest, to reveal, to show, to appear, to be revealed, to be shown

Notes: This word means to make something visible, known, or evident. It can refer to revealing something that was hidden, or simply making something clear and apparent. It is often used in a theological sense to describe God or Christ being revealed. In its active form, it means 'to make manifest' or 'to show'; in its passive or middle form, it means 'to be made manifest' or 'to appear'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-khei-REH-in

Translations: to attempt, to undertake, to lay hands on, to attack, to try

Notes: This verb means to put one's hand to something, to undertake an action, or to attempt to do something. It can also carry the sense of laying hands on someone, which can imply an attack or an act of violence. It is often used to describe the initiation of an action or an effort to achieve a goal.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ, ἘΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the noun χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'to put one's hand upon'.

G5082

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tay-lee-KOO-toh

Translations: (to) so great, (to) so large, (to) such, (to) so much

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something of a certain magnitude, size, or extent, often emphasizing how great or large it is. It can be used to mean 'so great,' 'so large,' 'such,' or 'so much,' depending on the context. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate its remarkable size or importance.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the demonstrative particle τηλι- (tēli-), meaning 'so far' or 'so great,' and the pronominal suffix -κοῦτος (-koutos), which indicates quantity or size. It is related to words indicating distance or extent.

G5244

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-per-theh-MEH-nohn

Translations: of placing over, of putting over, of deferring, of postponing, of laying aside, of laying down

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ὑπερτίθημι' (hypertithemi), meaning 'to place over,' 'to put over,' 'to defer,' or 'to postpone.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it indicates an action being performed by multiple subjects, and its genitive case suggests possession, origin, or a relationship of 'of' or 'concerning' those who are performing the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΛΛΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΑΝΑΒΟΛΕΩΝ, ΑΝΑΒΟΛΩΝ

G5306

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoos-teh-RAI-an

Translations: the next day, the following day, the day after

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'next' or 'following', specifically referring to a day. It is often used in the feminine singular form, as it is here, to mean 'the next day' or 'the day after'. It functions adverbially in this context, indicating when an action takes place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΥΡΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word ὕστερος (hýsteros), meaning 'later' or 'after'.

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-ra-KHAIS

Translations: (to) troubles, (in) troubles, (with) troubles, (to) disturbances, (in) disturbances, (with) disturbances, (to) commotions, (in) commotions, (with) commotions, (to) agitations, (in) agitations, (with) agitations

Notes: This word refers to a state of disturbance, agitation, or trouble. It can describe a commotion, a tumult, or a general state of unrest. It is often used to denote difficulties or distress experienced by individuals or groups.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΣΙΝ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΕΣΙΝ, ΘΟΡΥΒΟΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb ταράσσω (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble, disturb, stir up'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEES

Translations: of a plot, of a conspiracy, of a design, of a scheme, of an ambush

Notes: This word refers to a plot, conspiracy, or treacherous design, often with malicious intent. It describes a secret plan or scheme, typically to harm someone or achieve an illicit goal. It is used to describe the nature of such a plan.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΜΗΧΑΝΗ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ (epiboulē) is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the noun ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē), meaning 'counsel', 'plan', or 'will'. Thus, it literally means 'a plan against' or 'a counsel upon'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-el-THOO-ses

Translations: having come upon, having come over, having come against, having arrived, having approached, having overtaken

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eperchomai', meaning 'to come upon' or 'to come over'. It describes an action of approaching, arriving, or even attacking, which has already occurred. It is often used to indicate something that happens to someone or something, or an event that befalls them.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπέρχομαι (eperchomai) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH

Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It describes an action of knowing or recognizing that occurred in the past, often implying a completed or definite act of gaining knowledge or understanding. It can be used in sentences like 'he knew' or 'she recognized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sas-thai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of, to consult

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the deponent verb 'χράομαι'. As a deponent verb, it appears in the middle or passive voice but carries an active meaning. It generally means 'to use' or 'to employ' something, and often takes an object in the dative case. It can also mean 'to consult' an oracle or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΕΥΩ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, want'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' and then 'to use'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-MEL-lain

Translations: to delay, to hesitate, to put off, to procrastinate

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and μέλλω (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to delay'. It signifies a strong sense of delaying or hesitating, often implying a reluctance or an intention to put something off indefinitely. It describes the act of postponing an action or decision.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΩ, ΟΚΝΕΩ, ΑΝΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΜΕΛΛΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb μέλλω (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to delay'. The prefix διά intensifies the meaning of delay inherent in μέλλω.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-RAS

Translations: lifting, having lifted, taking up, carrying, removing, taking away

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to lift,' 'to take up,' 'to carry,' or 'to remove.' As a participle, it describes an action that is happening or has happened, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates the subject is performing the action of lifting or taking something. For example, 'lifting his face' or 'having taken the rod.'

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΑΙΡΩ

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HOP-lee-tays

Translations: to hoplites, for hoplites, to soldiers, for soldiers, hoplites, soldiers

Notes: This word refers to heavily armed foot soldiers, characteristic of ancient Greek warfare. It is a compound word, derived from 'ὅπλον' (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor'. In this form, it is used in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object of an action, such as 'to' or 'for' hoplites.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΑΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΑΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ (hoplites) comes from ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor', referring to the heavy armor and shield (hoplon) carried by these soldiers.

G2029

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-THEM-eh-noss

Translations: having laid upon, having put upon, having placed upon, having imposed, having attacked, laying upon, putting upon, placing upon, imposing, attacking

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐπιτίθημι', meaning 'to lay upon', 'to put upon', 'to place upon', 'to impose', or 'to attack'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It often indicates the subject has performed the action of laying something on, placing something on, or attacking someone/something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FEN

Translations: sister, a sister

Notes: This word refers to a female sibling. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is used to denote a biological sister, or metaphorically, a fellow believer or a close female companion.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἀδελφή (adelphē) is derived from ἀδελφός (adelphos), which is a compound of the copulative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'together' or 'same') and δελφύς (delphys, 'womb'). Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEL-len

Translations: was about to, was going to, intended to, was destined to

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb μέλλω (mellō). It is often used as an auxiliary verb, indicating that an action was on the point of happening, was intended, or was destined to occur. It conveys a sense of imminence or future intention from a past perspective. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was about to leave' or 'She intended to speak'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb μέλλω (mellō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to delay' or 'to be concerned with'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ag-ES-thai

Translations: to lead, to bring, to carry, to go, to drive, to take, to marry

Notes: This word is the future middle infinitive form of the verb 'ἄγω' (agō). It means 'to lead', 'to bring', 'to carry', or 'to go'. In some contexts, especially when referring to a woman, it can mean 'to marry' (to take a wife). It describes the action of guiding, moving, or conducting something or someone.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΛΚΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἄγω (agō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of leading or moving.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G2364

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-GAH-teer

Translations: daughter, a daughter

Notes: This word refers to a female offspring, a daughter. It is a common noun used to denote a familial relationship. It can be used in various contexts to refer to someone's child who is female, or metaphorically to refer to a female descendant or inhabitant of a place.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΗ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΥΓΑΤΗΡ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰugʰ₂tḗr, meaning 'daughter'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DACE

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.

G4732

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: STER-ros

Translations: hard, firm, stiff, rigid, harsh, severe, unyielding, stubborn, a hard, a firm

Notes: This word describes something as hard, firm, or rigid. It can refer to physical hardness, like a stiff object, or to a person's character, indicating a harsh, severe, or unyielding disposition. It is used to describe things that are difficult to bend or break, both literally and figuratively.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to be stiff' or 'to stand firm'. It is related to words describing solidity and resistance.

G5449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-sin

Translations: nature, a nature, kind, a kind, birth, a birth, natural order, a natural order, natural disposition, a natural disposition

Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or essential quality of something or someone. It can describe the natural order of things, the way something is born or comes into being, or the innate disposition of a person or animal. It is often used in contrast to things that are artificial, man-made, or contrary to the natural order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

G3918

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON

Translations: present, being present, at hand, here, one who is present, a present one

Notes: This word is the masculine singular nominative present active participle of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is currently present or existing in a particular place or time. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the present man'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is present').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΩΝ, ΕΝΔΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'πάρειμι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'to be alongside' or 'to be present'.

G5177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-KHEES

Translations: of fortune, of chance, of luck, fortune, a fortune, chance, a chance, luck, a luck

Notes: This word is a noun referring to fortune, chance, or luck. It describes the outcome of events, whether good or bad, that are not necessarily attributed to divine will or human effort but rather to an unpredictable force. It is often used in contexts discussing the unpredictable nature of life or the role of fate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΕΙΜΑΡΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: From the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen, to obtain by chance'.

G1863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ah-go-MEH-non

Translations: of those being brought upon, of those being brought in, of those being brought forward, of those being induced, of those being inflicted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epago', meaning 'to bring upon, to bring in, to bring forward, to induce, or to inflict'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to 'those' who are undergoing the action of being brought upon or inflicted, often implying something negative or burdensome being brought upon them. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, to) and 'ago' (to lead, to bring).

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G0620

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-LEI-poo-sone

Translations: of those leaving behind, of those forsaking, of those lacking, of those remaining

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apoleipō', meaning 'to leave behind', 'to forsake', or 'to be lacking'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to a group of females or feminine things that are leaving behind, forsaking, or lacking something.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G5543

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHRAY-stos

Translations: useful, good, kind, pleasant, easy, a useful thing, a good thing

Notes: This word describes something as useful, good, or kind. It can also refer to something that is easy or pleasant to deal with. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a positive quality or characteristic.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ (chrēstos) comes from the Greek verb χράομαι (chráomai), meaning 'to use, to employ'. Therefore, it originally meant 'fit for use' or 'useful', and then extended to mean 'good' or 'kind'.

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-DEH-kho-meh-NOHN

Translations: waiting for, expecting, looking for, receiving, welcoming, accepting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and δέχομαι (dechomai, 'to receive, accept'). It means to wait for, expect, or look forward to something or someone. It can also mean to receive or welcome someone, or to accept something. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating a group of people who are 'waiting for' or 'expecting' something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G1883

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-pa-NOH

Translations: above, over, on, upon, up, more than

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'above' or 'on top'. It can also be used as a preposition, often taking the genitive case, to indicate position 'over' or 'upon' something, or to mean 'more than' in a comparative sense. It describes location or superiority.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΙ, ὙΠΕΡ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above'.

G5427

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froh-NEE-mah

Translations: mind, a mind, way of thinking, an attitude, purpose, a purpose, thought, a thought, disposition, a disposition

Notes: This word refers to the way one thinks, their mindset, attitude, or disposition. It can also denote a specific thought or purpose. It describes the inner workings of a person's mind, encompassing their intentions, feelings, and moral outlook. It is often used to describe a person's character or their general approach to life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΝΗΜΑ is derived from the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneō), meaning 'to think, to have understanding, to be minded'. It is related to ΦΡΗΝ (phrēn), which originally referred to the diaphragm, then metaphorically to the seat of thought and emotion.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-ee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having made, having done, having produced, having performed, having created, having appointed, having caused

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this form, it indicates an action performed by the subject for themselves or in their own interest (middle voice). It can be translated as 'having made' or 'having done', often implying the completion of an action that leads to a subsequent event.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G2115

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-PSOO-khoss

Translations: courageous, brave, cheerful, of good courage, stout-hearted

Notes: This word describes someone who is courageous, brave, or of good cheer. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'ψυχή' (psychē), meaning 'soul' or 'spirit'. Thus, it literally means 'having a good soul' or 'having a good spirit', which translates to being brave or cheerful. It can be used to describe a person's character or their state of mind in a challenging situation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΕΙΟΣ, ΘΑΡΣΑΛΕΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word Εὐψυχος is a compound of the Greek adverb εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the noun ψυχή (psychē), meaning 'soul', 'spirit', or 'life'. It describes someone with a 'good soul' or 'good spirit', leading to the meaning of courageous or cheerful.

G3928

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-ree-OHN

Translations: passing by, going past, coming alongside, going along

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'passing by' or 'going past'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can be used to describe someone or something that is moving past a location or another person. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come, to go'. It signifies movement alongside or past something.

G2292

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thar-REH-in

Translations: to be courageous, to take courage, to be confident, to be bold, to be of good cheer

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be courageous,' 'to take courage,' or 'to be confident.' It is often used to encourage someone or to describe a state of mind where one feels bold and unafraid, even in difficult circumstances. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to be courageous' or 'to have courage' in a sentence.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΕΥΨΥΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek root θάρσος (tharsos), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness.'

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EKH-ayn

Translations: to provide, to offer, to give, to present, to cause, to afford, to supply

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'from') and the verb ἔχω (echō, meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'). It means to offer, provide, or supply something, often from oneself or from one's side. It can also mean to cause or afford something. It is used in contexts where one person or entity gives or presents something to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1627

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ek-DOH-ton

Translations: delivered up, given up, betrayed, exposed, handed over

Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been delivered or handed over, often to an enemy or to danger. It can also imply being betrayed or exposed. It is derived from the verb 'εκδιδωμι' which means 'to give out' or 'to hand over'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΟΤΟΣ, ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔκδοτος (ekdotos) is derived from the verb ἐκδίδωμι (ekdidōmi), which is a compound of ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of' or 'from') and δίδωμι (didōmi, meaning 'to give'). Thus, it literally means 'given out' or 'handed over'.

G3077

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOO-pay

Translations: sorrow, grief, pain, sadness, a sorrow, a grief, a pain, a sadness

Notes: This word refers to a state of emotional distress, sadness, or grief. It can also denote physical pain or affliction. It is commonly used to describe deep emotional suffering or sorrow caused by loss, disappointment, or adverse circumstances.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΣΤΕΝΑΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the root λύπη (lupē), meaning 'pain, grief'. It is related to the verb λύω (luō), 'to loosen, release', possibly implying a loosening or breaking of the spirit.

G0984

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BLAP-tayn

Translations: to harm, to injure, to damage, to hurt

Notes: This verb means to harm, injure, or damage someone or something. It is used to describe an action that causes detriment or hurt. For example, one might say 'to harm a person' or 'to damage property'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΕΙΝ, ΚΑΚΟΥΡΓΕΙΝ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to strike' or 'to hit'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G3438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOH-nay

Translations: abode, dwelling place, mansion, room, a dwelling place

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a residence, or a temporary lodging. It can also denote a stopping place or a stage on a journey. In a theological context, it is famously used to describe the 'mansions' or 'rooms' in the Father's house, signifying a permanent dwelling or resting place.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It refers to a place where one remains or dwells.

G4819

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-BE-bee-ken

Translations: it has happened, it has come to pass, it has occurred, it has resulted, it has turned out, it has befallen

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb 'symbainō'. It describes an event or outcome that has already taken place or come to pass. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it happens' or 'it occurs', and can refer to something that has resulted from a previous action or circumstance.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-AY-nay

Translations: was advising, was exhorting, was urging, was admonishing

Notes: This word is the imperfect tense of the verb 'παραινέω' (paraineō), meaning 'to advise,' 'to exhort,' or 'to urge.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was in the process of giving advice or encouragement. It is often used when a person is giving counsel or instruction to another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραινέω' (paraineō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and 'αἰνέω' (aineō), meaning 'to praise' or 'to approve.' The combination suggests an action of praising or approving alongside someone, which evolved into the sense of advising or exhorting.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEH-rine

Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to lead, to endure, to produce

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΦΕΡΩ. It means "to bear," "to carry," or "to bring." It can also imply enduring something or producing fruit/results. It is used to express an action without specifying a subject or tense, often functioning like an English infinitive phrase.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- meaning 'to carry, to bear'. It is cognate with Latin ferō, English bear, and Sanskrit bharati.

G3985

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEI-ron-toh

Translations: they were trying, they tried, they were attempting, they attempted, they were testing, they tested, they were tempting, they tempted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to try,' 'to attempt,' or 'to test/tempt.' It describes an action of making an effort to do something or putting someone or something to the test. In the provided context, it indicates that a group of people were making an effort to achieve something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ comes from the noun ΠΕΙΡΑ (peira), meaning 'a trial, an attempt, an experience.'

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: mee-KROO

Translations: (of) small, (of) little, (of) short, (of) young, (of) unimportant, (of) the small one, (of) the little one, (of) the least

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΜΙΚΡΟΣ' (mikros), meaning 'small' or 'little'. It can describe something as being of small size, quantity, or importance. When used substantively, it refers to 'the small one' or 'the least'. It is often used in phrases contrasting with 'great' or 'large', such as 'from great to small' (ἀπὸ μεγάλου ἕως μικροῦ), meaning 'from the greatest to the least' or 'from everyone, regardless of status'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ (mikros) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to the Latin 'minor' and 'minimus'.

G1304

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-KHRAY-sah-toh

Translations: he destroyed, he killed, he put to death, he made away with

Notes: This verb means to destroy, kill, or put to death. It is often used in the context of taking someone's life. The form provided is the third person singular, aorist indicative, middle or passive voice, meaning 'he/she/it destroyed' or 'he/she/it was destroyed/killed'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'. Thus, it literally means 'to use up completely' or 'to make full use of', which evolved to mean 'to destroy' or 'to kill'.

G4064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-trah-PEN-tos

Translations: having been overturned, having been turned around, having been turned about, having been overthrown

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'περιστρέφω' (peristrephō), meaning 'to turn around' or 'to overturn'. The prefix 'περί' (peri) means 'around' or 'about', and 'τρέπω' (trepō) means 'to turn'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb, indicating that something has been turned over or overthrown. It is often used to describe a state resulting from such an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΡΕΠΩ

G2793

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kin-dy-NEV-sa-sees

Translations: (of) having been in danger, (of) having risked, (of) having been endangered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κινδυνεύω' (kindyneuō), meaning 'to be in danger' or 'to risk'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a noun or pronoun. In this genitive feminine singular form, it typically modifies a feminine noun and indicates that the subject has already experienced or undergone the state of being in danger or having taken a risk.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΣΑΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PA-thos

Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.

G5399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-BEY-sthai

Translations: to fear, to be afraid, to reverence, to respect

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'φοβέω'. It means 'to fear' or 'to be afraid', often implying a sense of dread or terror. However, in a religious context, especially when referring to God, it can also mean 'to reverence' or 'to respect', indicating a profound awe and submission rather than mere terror. It is used to express the action of fearing or showing reverence.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present Tense, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ

Etymology: The verb 'φοβέω' comes from the noun 'φόβος' (phobos), meaning 'fear' or 'panic'. This noun is related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee' or 'to be afraid'.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOH-sin

Translations: they may overtake, they may seize, they may comprehend, they may grasp, they may find, they may attain

Notes: This word describes the action of taking hold of something, either physically by seizing or catching up to it, or mentally by understanding or comprehending it. It can also mean to find something or to attain a goal. The meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a successful acquisition or understanding.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G1377

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-OH-kon-tes

Translations: pursuing, persecuting, chasing, following, those who pursue, those who persecute

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to pursue' or 'to persecute'. It describes an action of actively following after someone or something, either in a literal chase or in a hostile sense of persecution. It can also mean to earnestly seek or strive for something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, but also carries the action of a verb.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΞΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΓΜΟΣ

G5178

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TREE-bees

Translations: distress, tribulation, affliction, trouble, a rubbing, a wearing away

Notes: This word refers to a state of distress, affliction, or trouble. It can also denote the act of rubbing or wearing something away. It is used to describe suffering or hardship experienced by individuals or groups.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΒΩ (tribō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to rub, grind'. It refers to the action of wearing something down through friction, which then extends metaphorically to the wearing down of a person through hardship.

G4430

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PTAHEES-mah

Translations: fall, a fall, offense, a fault, trespass, a trespass, stumbling, a stumbling, failure, a failure

Notes: This word refers to a fall, a stumble, or a failure. It can also denote a fault, an offense, or a trespass, particularly in a moral or spiritual sense. It describes an act of stumbling or falling, either literally or metaphorically, indicating a deviation from the right path or a failure to meet an expectation.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΤΟΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word "ΠΤΑΙΣΜΑ" derives from the verb "πταίω" (ptaiō), meaning 'to stumble, to fall, to err'. It is formed with the suffix -μα, which typically indicates the result of an action or the action itself.

G4685

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: spah-SAH-meh-non

Translations: having drawn, drawing, when he drew, having pulled, pulling, when he pulled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'σπάω' (spao), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull out'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning like an adjective or an adverbial clause. It is frequently used in contexts where something, like a sword or a weapon, is drawn from its sheath or pulled out from somewhere.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΛΚΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'σπάω' (spao) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings of pulling or stretching.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: goon

Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate

Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: XEE-foss

Translations: sword, a sword

Notes: This word refers to a sword, a weapon typically used for cutting or thrusting. It is commonly used in narratives describing battles, combat, or the carrying of arms. It can also be used metaphorically to represent conflict, judgment, or authority.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ

Etymology: The word "ξίφος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cut' or 'to pierce'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G2729

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kat-is-KHOO-san-tes

Translations: having prevailed, having overcome, having been strong, having been mighty, having been able

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κατισχύω', meaning 'to prevail against', 'to overcome', 'to be strong enough', or 'to be able'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subjects have successfully exerted their strength or power over something or someone. It implies a successful overcoming or gaining of mastery.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΚΡΑΤΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΔΥΝΗΘΕΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'κατισχύω' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'ἰσχύω' (ischyō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to have power'. The compound form emphasizes the idea of prevailing or being strong against something.

G5534

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-RAIN

Translations: it was necessary, it was fitting, ought, should have

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form, meaning 'it was necessary' or 'it was fitting'. It describes something that was obligatory or proper in the past. Often, when used in the imperfect tense like this, it implies that the necessary or fitting action did not actually occur, or that something should have happened but didn't.

Inflection: Impersonal, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΕΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete verb χράω (chraō), meaning 'to need' or 'to desire'.

G1459

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-ka-ta-li-PEIN

Translations: to abandon, to forsake, to leave behind, to desert

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to completely abandon, forsake, or leave behind. It implies a thorough and often permanent act of desertion. It can be used in contexts of leaving people, places, or principles.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ is a compound verb formed from three parts: the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in' or 'among'), the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against'), and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (leipo, meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'). The combination intensifies the meaning of 'leaving' to 'leaving completely behind' or 'abandoning'.

G1081

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gen-NAI-oo

Translations: (of) noble, (of) brave, (of) courageous, (of) generous, (of) well-born

Notes: This word describes someone or something as noble, brave, courageous, or generous. It can also refer to someone of good birth or high lineage. It is used to qualify a noun, indicating a quality or characteristic of that noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΕΥΓΕΝΗΣ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΕΝΝΑΙΟΣ comes from the Greek word ΓΕΝΟΣ (genos), meaning 'race, stock, family'. It originally referred to someone of good birth or noble lineage, and later extended to mean 'noble' in character or 'brave'.

G1659

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-lew-theh-ROH-san-tah

Translations: having set free, having liberated, having delivered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eleutheroō', meaning 'to set free' or 'to liberate'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally, often indicating the agent of the action. It refers to someone or something that has performed the act of freeing or delivering.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΣΑΝΤΑ, ΡΥΣΑΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐλεύθερος (eleútheros, “free”) + -όω (-óō, verbal suffix).

G5237

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-i-DEIN

Translations: overlook, disregard, despise, neglect, pay no attention to

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and 'εἶδον' (eidon), meaning 'to see'. It means to look over or beyond something, implying a failure to notice, or a deliberate act of disregarding or despising. It can be used in contexts where someone ignores a command, overlooks a fault, or treats something with contempt.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over, beyond', and the aorist stem 'ἰδεῖν' (idein) from the verb 'ὁράω' (horaō), meaning 'to see'.

G0971

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bee-as-THEIS

Translations: having been forced, having been compelled, having been constrained, having been overpowered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βιάζω', meaning 'to force' or 'to compel'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has been subjected to force or compulsion. It is often used to describe someone who has been constrained or overpowered by circumstances or by others.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΕΚΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-pon-tohn

Translations: allowing, permitting, entrusting, committing, giving leave, giving permission

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐπιτρέπω', meaning 'to allow' or 'to permit'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to those who are allowing, permitting, or entrusting something. It can be used to describe people or entities that grant authorization or give permission for an action to occur.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

G1760

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-thee-MEE-toh

Translations: he had considered, he had thought, he had pondered, it had been considered, it had been thought, it had been pondered

Notes: This word is the third person singular, pluperfect, middle or passive indicative form of the verb ἐνθυμέομαι (enthymeomai). It describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action, indicating that someone had thought, considered, or pondered something. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject's personal involvement in the action of thinking, while in the passive voice, it indicates that something was thought or considered by someone.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Pluperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΎΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΊΖΟΜΑΙ, ΦΡΟΝΈΩ

G0328

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nak-TEE-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having recovered, having regained, having restored, having acquired back

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ἀνακτάομαι', meaning to recover, regain, or acquire back. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject performs the action for themselves or on their own behalf. It implies the act of getting something back that was lost or taken away.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, back') + κτάομαι (ktáomai, 'to acquire, gain'). The prefix 'ἀνά' indicates a reversal or repetition of the action.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-ROS

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, appointed time, an appointed time, opportune time, an opportune time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical moment or a season of activity, as opposed to chronological time (chronos). It is used to denote the right or proper time for something to happen or be done.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑ

Etymology: The etymology of 'ΚΑΙΡΟΣ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κείρω' (keirō), meaning 'to cut', possibly referring to a 'cut' or 'decisive' moment in time.

G1893

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PEY-gen

Translations: was urgent, was pressing, was hastening, was urging, was in a hurry

Notes: This word describes an action that was urgent, pressing, or being done in a hurry. It conveys the idea of someone or something being compelled to move quickly or act with dispatch. It can also mean to urge someone else to do something quickly.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐπι- (epi-, 'upon, to') and a root related to πήγνυμι (pēgnumi, 'to fix, make firm'), suggesting a sense of pressing upon or urging forward.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ax-ee-OH-sas

Translations: having deemed worthy, having thought worthy, having considered worthy, having requested, having demanded, having claimed, having asked, having judged worthy

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀξιόω' (axioō). It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that they 'deemed worthy,' 'considered worthy,' 'requested,' or 'demanded' something. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a judgment of value. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He, having deemed them worthy, gave them a reward.'

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

G0940

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BAH-di-zen

Translations: he was walking, he walked, he went, he was going

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'βαδίζω' (badizō), meaning 'to walk' or 'to go'. The imperfect tense describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. So, 'he was walking' or 'he kept walking' are common translations, emphasizing the continuous nature of the action.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G4295

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: pro-KEE-meh-nen

Translations: set before, lying before, placed before, proposed, present, a set before, a lying before, a placed before, a proposed, a present

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to lie before' or 'to be set before'. It describes something that is placed in front of someone or something, or something that is present or at hand. It can also refer to something that is proposed or put forward for consideration. It is often used to describe an object or a situation that is immediately visible or available.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΕΝΗΝ, ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑΝ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

G4930

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: soon-toh-noh-TEH-ran

Translations: more intense, more vehement, more strained, more energetic, more earnest

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'more intense' or 'more strained'. It describes something that is done with greater effort, energy, or vehemence than usual. It can be used to describe actions, feelings, or states that are heightened or intensified.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΝΩΤΕΡΑΝ, ΣΦΟΔΡΟΤΕΡΑΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΟΝΟΣ (syntonos) is a compound word derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΤΟΝΟΣ (tonos), meaning 'a stretching' or 'tension'. Thus, it literally means 'stretched together' or 'strained'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-nos

Translations: making, doing, performing, creating, producing, causing

Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle derived from the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action that is ongoing or continuous. In the middle voice, it means 'making for oneself' or 'doing for oneself', emphasizing the subject's involvement in the action. In the passive voice, it means 'being made' or 'being done'. It often functions adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Case

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4197

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: por-EYE-ah

Translations: journey, a journey, travel, a travel, way, a way, course, a course

Notes: This word refers to the act of traveling, a journey, or the path taken. It describes movement from one place to another, often implying a specific route or duration. It can be used to speak of a physical trip or a metaphorical course of action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΡΕΙΑ (poreia) derives from the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go, to travel, to proceed'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-SAH-dan

Translations: Masada

Notes: Masada is the name of an ancient fortress located on a high plateau in the Judean Desert, near the Dead Sea. It is famous for the siege by the Roman Empire at the end of the First Jewish–Roman War. The form ΜΑΣΑΔΑΝ is the accusative singular of the noun, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Masada' is derived from the Hebrew word 'מצדה' (metzadá), meaning 'fortress' or 'stronghold'. It refers to the fortified plateau in the Judean Desert.

G2042

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-roo-mah

Translations: fortress, a fortress, stronghold, a stronghold, defense, a defense, protection, a protection

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, a stronghold, or a defense. It can also denote protection or a barrier. It is used to describe physical structures that offer security or a means of defense against attack.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἐρύω (eryō), meaning 'to draw, to pull, to protect, to guard'. The noun form refers to that which is drawn around for protection or defense.

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ex-EL-thon-tas

Translations: having gone out against, having marched out against, having attacked, having come out against, having proceeded against

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having gone out against' or 'having attacked'. It describes an action completed in the past, often indicating the subject's movement or action directed towards an opponent or a specific purpose. It is a compound word formed from the prepositions ἐπί (epi, 'upon, against'), ἐκ (ek, 'out of'), and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come, to go').

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-OH-kon-tas

Translations: pursuing, persecuting, chasing, running after, seeking, striving after, following, a pursuer, a persecutor

Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine accusative plural, derived from the verb 'διώκω'. It describes someone or something that is actively pursuing, chasing, persecuting, or striving after something. It can be used to describe those who are literally chasing someone, or metaphorically, those who are eagerly seeking or striving for a goal, like righteousness or peace. It can also refer to those who persecute others.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

G4943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-PEH-then-toh

Translations: they attacked, they assailed, they joined in attacking, they conspired, they agreed with, they assented

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (with), 'ἐπί' (upon), and 'τίθημι' (to place). It means to join in an attack, to assault, or to conspire with others. In some contexts, it can also mean to agree with or assent to something, especially when joining in an opinion or statement. It describes an action where multiple parties come together to act against someone or something, or to concur on a matter.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G4316

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-BAL-lon-tes

Translations: attacking, assaulting, encountering, throwing against, falling upon

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'προσβάλλω' (prosbállō), meaning 'to throw against,' 'to attack,' or 'to encounter.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw.' It describes someone or something in the act of attacking or encountering.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΕΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ER-kho-men-oy

Translations: coming, going, arriving, those coming, those who come, those who go

Notes: This word is a present participle, indicating an ongoing action of 'coming' or 'going'. It describes individuals or groups who are in the process of moving towards a place or person, or departing from one. It can function adjectivally, describing the 'ones who are coming', or adverbially, indicating the action of coming.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΙΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ergh- 'to move, to go'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: TREP-sah-MEH-nos

Translations: having turned, having put to flight, having changed, having converted

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb ΤΡΕΠΩ. In the middle voice, it means 'having turned oneself' or 'having changed oneself'. It can also be used in a causative sense, meaning 'having caused to turn' or 'having put to flight'. It describes an action completed in the past, often preceding the action of the main verb in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb ΤΡΕΠΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn' or 'to rotate'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of turning or changing direction.

G639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-REE-ah

Translations: perplexity, a perplexity, difficulty, a difficulty, distress, a distress, want, a want, lack, a lack

Notes: This word refers to a state of being at a loss, without resources, or in great difficulty. It can describe a situation of perplexity or embarrassment, or a lack of means, such as poverty or destitution. It is often used to describe a state of being without a way forward or a solution.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΔΕΙΑ, ΠΕΝΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'no way' or 'without resource'.

G0318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAY

Translations: necessity, compulsion, distress, trouble, need, a necessity

Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation or a difficult situation that causes hardship. It is often used to denote a pressing need or an unavoidable circumstance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ

Etymology: From a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and ἄγκη (ankē, 'a bend, a curve'), referring to a bending or constraint. It denotes that which compels or constrains.

G2525

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-thes-TOS

Translations: having been appointed, established, being in a state, standing, existing, a person who is established, a person who is in a state

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi), meaning 'to set down, appoint, establish'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been established, appointed, or is in a particular state or condition as a result of a past action. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself to refer to the one who is established or in that state.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ἘΣΤΩΣ, ΓΕΓΟΝΩΣ

G2570

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: kal-LEE-stah

Translations: best, most beautifully, most excellently, finest, most noble, most good

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'καλός' (kalos), meaning 'good' or 'beautiful'. As an adverb, it means 'best' or 'most beautifully', indicating the highest degree of quality or manner. As an adjective, it means 'finest' or 'most excellent'. It can be used to describe something that is superior in quality, appearance, or moral character.

Inflection: Superlative, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Superlative (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΑ, ΑΡΙΣΤΩΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'καλός' (kalos), from which 'καλλίστα' is derived, comes from an ancient root meaning 'to call' or 'to summon', evolving to mean 'beautiful' or 'good' in a general sense, often implying that which is pleasing or admirable.

G4016

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-ON-tos

Translations: of being left over, of remaining, of surviving, of being superior, of excelling, of being in excess, of being abundant

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'perieimi', meaning 'to be around, to remain, to survive, or to be superior'. As a genitive singular participle, it often functions adjectivally or substantively, indicating possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something. It can describe someone or something that is still present, surviving, or excelling in a particular context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΕΙΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΕΡΙ (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be'.

G3903

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: par-es-keh-vas-MEH-nos

Translations: prepared, ready, equipped, made ready, provided

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been prepared' or 'being in a state of readiness'. It describes something or someone that has been made ready or equipped for a particular purpose or event. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek verb παρασκευάζω (paraskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, make ready'. It is formed from παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and σκευάζω (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, equip'.

G5563

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-oh

Translations: to a place, in a place, to a field, in a field, to a piece of land, in a piece of land

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'χωρίον' (chōrion), meaning 'place,' 'field,' or 'piece of land.' It indicates the location 'to' or 'in' which an action occurs, or 'at' a certain place. It is often used to refer to specific plots of ground or areas.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'χωρίον' (chōrion) is a diminutive of 'χῶρος' (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space.' It refers to a smaller, more specific area or plot of land.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAH-tay-seh

Translations: he held, she held, it held, he took hold of, she took hold of, it took hold of, he seized, she seized, it seized, he grasped, she grasped, it grasped, he overcame, she overcame, it overcame, he prevailed, she prevailed, it prevailed

Notes: This word describes the action of holding, grasping, seizing, or taking control of something or someone. It can also mean to overcome or prevail. It is often used in contexts where physical or authoritative control is exerted.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΕΧΩ

G2936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EK-tee-seh

Translations: created, founded, built, made

Notes: This word means 'he created,' 'he founded,' or 'he built.' It refers to the act of bringing something into existence, establishing something, or constructing something. It is often used in contexts of divine creation or the establishment of cities or institutions.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word κτίζω (ktizō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to found' or 'to build.' It is related to the idea of establishing something from the ground up.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-on

Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, royal palace, a royal palace, royal power, reign, royal

Notes: This word primarily functions as a noun meaning 'kingdom,' 'royal palace,' or 'royal power/authority.' It can refer to a literal territory ruled by a king, the physical dwelling of a king, or the abstract concept of royal dominion. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly,' describing something belonging to or characteristic of a king. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as a noun); Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king.' The suffix -ιον (-ion) indicates a place or thing associated with the root.

G2680

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-keh-YOO-ah-sen

Translations: he prepared, he made ready, he built, he constructed, he furnished, he equipped, he created

Notes: This word describes the act of preparing, making ready, building, or constructing something. It implies a deliberate and often thorough process of bringing something into existence or into a state of readiness. It can be used for building physical structures, preparing a way, or even creating something in a broader sense.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and σκευάζω (skeuazō, 'to prepare, make ready'), which comes from σκεῦος (skeuos, 'vessel, implement, equipment'). The word literally means 'to prepare thoroughly' or 'to equip fully'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-xee-oh-loh-GOH-tah-ton

Translations: most noteworthy, most important, most valuable, a most noteworthy thing, a most important thing, a most valuable thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ἀξιόλογος' (axiólogos), meaning 'worthy of mention' or 'noteworthy'. As a superlative, it means 'most worthy of mention', 'most important', or 'most valuable'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἄξιος' (axios), meaning 'worthy', and 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. It is used to describe something or someone of the highest significance or value.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΤΑΤΟΣ, ΤΙΜΙΩΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἀξιόλογος' (axiólogos) is a compound of 'ἄξιος' (axios), meaning 'worthy', and 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word', 'reason', or 'account'. The superlative suffix '-ώτατος' is added to form 'ἀξιολογώτατος', indicating the highest degree of the quality.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G4316

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-ah-go-REH-oo-sas

Translations: having addressed, having greeted, having called, having named, having proclaimed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσαγορεύω'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb, often translated as 'having addressed' or 'having called'. It indicates that the action of addressing or naming occurred prior to or concurrently with the main action of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΩΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noh

Translations: having become, having happened, having been born, to have become, to have happened, to have been born

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can be translated as 'having become,' 'having happened,' or 'having been born,' often indicating a state or event that has come into being.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOS

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow countryman, kinsman, fellow believer

Notes: This word refers to a brother, either by birth or by a close familial or social bond. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ἙΤΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G2501

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-OH-say-poss

Translations: Joseph

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the male personal name Joseph. It is a common name in biblical texts, appearing frequently in both the Old and New Testaments. It is used to identify individuals, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name ἸΩΣΗΠΟΣ (Iōsēpos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name יוסף (Yosef), meaning 'He will add' or 'May he add'. It was a very common name among Jews and was transliterated into Greek.

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-layn

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, plan, or purpose, often implying a deliberate decision or intention. It can be used to describe human plans or, frequently in the New Testament, the divine will or purpose of God. It is used in sentences to indicate the object of an action, such as 'to know the counsel' or 'to understand the plan'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē) comes from the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, to wish, to intend'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-geh

Translations: led, brought, drove, carried, went, came

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ago' (ἀγώ). It means 'he/she/it led' or 'he/she/it brought'. It describes an action of leading, bringing, or carrying that occurred in the past and is completed. It can also mean to go or come, especially when referring to a journey or movement.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- ('to drive, pull, move').

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G1863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pah-go-MEH-noo

Translations: of bringing upon, of leading on, of inflicting, of imposing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epagō', meaning 'to bring upon', 'to lead on', 'to inflict', or 'to impose'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. It indicates something that is being brought upon, led on, inflicted, or imposed.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word 'epagō' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, over) and the verb 'agō' (to lead, to bring). It literally means 'to lead upon' or 'to bring upon'.

G3407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mis-tho-fo-ROON-ton

Translations: (of) those who are hired, (of) those who receive wages, (of) those who serve for pay

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'misthophoreō', meaning 'to receive wages' or 'to serve for pay'. It describes individuals who are employed or hired, often implying a mercenary or paid servant. It is a compound word formed from 'misthos' (wages) and 'phoreō' (to carry or bear).

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΩΤΟΣ, ΕΡΓΑΤΗΣ

G4295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proo-KAY-toh

Translations: it was lying before, it was set before, it was proposed, it was at hand, it was present, it was available

Notes: This word is the imperfect tense of a compound verb, meaning 'to lie before' or 'to be set before'. It describes something that was already present, available, or proposed in a past continuous action. It can refer to a task, an object, or a situation that was laid out or presented.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

G4868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-FYOO-gayn

Translations: to flee together, to escape together, to take refuge with, to take refuge together

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. Therefore, it means to flee or escape in company with others, or to take refuge alongside someone or something. It describes the act of seeking safety by fleeing as a group or finding a common place of refuge.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ

G1642

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-LAHT-toh-noss

Translations: (of) less, (of) smaller, (of) inferior

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'less', 'smaller', or 'inferior'. It is used to describe something that is of a lesser quantity, size, or quality compared to something else. It functions similarly to the English comparative adjective 'lesser' or 'smaller'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΗΣΣΩΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek adverb ἔλαττον (elasson), meaning 'less', which is the comparative form of the adjective ἐλαχύς (elachys), meaning 'small'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tos

Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one

Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.

G5264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-dek-SAH-sthai

Translations: to receive, to welcome, to entertain, to accept, to admit

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under, by) and the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (to receive). It generally means to receive someone or something, often with a sense of welcome, hospitality, or acceptance. It can be used in contexts of receiving guests, accepting a proposal, or taking something into possession.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: toh-SOO-ton

Translations: so great, so much, so many, so large, so far, such, a such

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective or pronoun meaning 'so great,' 'so much,' or 'so many.' It is used to indicate a quantity, size, or extent that is as great as something previously mentioned or implied. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun. For example, it might be used to say 'so great a crowd' or 'so much money.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: keh-LEH-oo-sas

Translations: commanding, having commanded, ordering, having ordered, bidding, having bidden

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'κελεύω' (keleuō), meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It can be translated as 'the one who commanded,' 'having commanded,' or 'when he commanded,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κέλλω (kello), meaning 'to drive, urge on'.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-dzein

Translations: to save, to deliver, to preserve, to make whole, to heal

Notes: This word means to save, deliver, preserve, or make whole. It can refer to physical deliverance from danger, preservation of life, or healing from illness. In a spiritual context, it often refers to salvation from sin and its consequences, leading to eternal life.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΩΖΩ (sōzō) comes from the ancient Greek root *σῶς (sōs), meaning 'safe' or 'sound'. It is related to the concept of wholeness and well-being.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DOOS

Translations: giving, having given, a giver, one who gives

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to give'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of giving, or has already given. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man giving the gift' or 'he spoke, giving a warning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-FOH-dee-ah

Translations: provisions, supplies, equipment, a provision, a supply, an equipment

Notes: This word refers to provisions, supplies, or equipment needed for a journey or for general use. It is a compound word derived from 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'ὁδός' (way, road), literally meaning 'that which is on the way' or 'that which is for the way'. It is typically used in the plural to refer to a collection of such items.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΙΤΟΣ, ΤΡΟΦΗ, ΕΠΙΣΙΤΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΦΟΔΙΟΝ (ephodion) is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. It literally refers to what is provided for a journey.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G2895

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-foi

Translations: light, a light, nimble, swift, a swift, trivial, a trivial

Notes: This word describes something as light in weight, not heavy. It can also refer to something that is nimble or swift, indicating quickness or agility. In a figurative sense, it can mean trivial or insignificant, lacking importance or substance.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΦΡΟΣ, ΤΑΧΥΣ, ΕΥΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of hollowness or emptiness.

G0316

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAI-oh-tah-toos

Translations: most necessary, most important, most urgent, most essential

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ἀναγκαῖος' (anagkaios), meaning 'necessary' or 'important'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of necessity or importance. It is used to describe things or people that are absolutely indispensable or of the utmost significance. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being 'most necessary' or 'most important'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Superlative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΤΑΤΟΣ, ἈΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΤΑΤΗ

Etymology: The word ἀναγκαῖος (anagkaios) comes from ἀνάγκη (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'. The suffix -τατος (-tatos) is used to form the superlative degree of adjectives in Greek.

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking up, having taken up, receiving, assuming, picking up, restoring

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, pick up, or receive something, often implying an action of lifting or resuming. It can also mean to assume a role or to restore something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ

G2697

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-THEM-eh-nos

Translations: having laid down, having deposited, having placed, having put down, having stored up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κατατίθημι', meaning 'to lay down', 'to deposit', or 'to put away'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often implying a deliberate act of placing something in a specific location or for a specific purpose, such as depositing money or laying down a burden. It can also refer to storing something for future use.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G1902

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-POH-meh-noos

Translations: following, those who follow, accompanying, attending

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to follow'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of following, accompanying, or attending. It is often used to refer to 'those who follow' or 'followers' in a general sense, indicating a group of people who are accompanying or adhering to someone or something.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΣΥΝΕΠΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G2039

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-TAY-dee-ohn

Translations: (of) necessities, (of) provisions, (of) supplies, (of) things necessary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'suitable' or 'fit for use'. In its plural form, especially in the genitive case as seen here, it is often used substantively to refer to 'things that are necessary' or 'provisions' and 'supplies' for life, such as food or other essential items. It describes what is needed or appropriate for a particular purpose or situation.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΚΑΙΩΝ, ΧΡΕΙΑΣ, ΠΟΡΙΣΜΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb τηδέω (tēdeō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to provide'. It refers to what is suitable or provided for a purpose.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tohn

Translations: (of) all, (of) everyone, (of) everything

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΠΑΣ' (apas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, a prefix indicating totality or completeness) and 'πας' (pas, meaning 'all' or 'every'). As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship for multiple entities, often translated as 'of all' or 'concerning all'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound of the intensive prefix ἀ- (a-) and the word πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The prefix ἀ- intensifies the meaning of 'all' to 'the whole' or 'everyone without exception'.

G1301

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: dee-ar-KOON-tohs

Translations: sufficiently, continually, enduringly, adequately

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the verb 'διαρκέω' (diarkeō), meaning 'to endure' or 'to be sufficient'. It describes an action performed in a sufficient, enduring, or continuous manner. It indicates that something is done to an adequate degree or for a lasting duration.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΚΟΥΝΤΩΣ, ΕΠΙΜΟΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word διαρκέω (diarkeō) is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and ἀρκέω (arkeō), meaning 'to be sufficient' or 'to ward off'. Thus, it conveys the idea of being thoroughly sufficient or enduring through something.

G1849

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-OR-may-sen

Translations: rushed out, set out, departed, went forth

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to rush out, set out, or depart, often with a sense of urgency or force. It describes an action of moving quickly from one place to another, typically from within to without. It can be used to describe people or animals setting forth on a journey or an attack.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΈΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἘΚΒΑΊΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΎΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΞΟΡΜΆΩ (exhormaō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ὉΡΜΆΩ (hormaō), meaning 'to set in motion', 'to rush', or 'to urge on'.

G1283

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eer-PAH-zon

Translations: they were plundering, they kept plundering, they were robbing, they kept robbing, they were pillaging, they kept pillaging

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action of plundering, robbing, or pillaging, often with the implication of thoroughness or violence. It is used to describe groups of people taking possessions or property by force.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΛΑΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΠΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb διαρπάζω (diarpazō) is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch.' The prefix intensifies the action of seizing, implying a thorough or complete plundering.

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-khon-toh

Translations: they were holding back, they were keeping away, they were abstaining, they were refraining, they were receiving in full

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hold back from', 'to keep away from', 'to abstain from', or 'to refrain from'. It can also mean 'to receive in full' or 'to have received payment in full', especially when used with an accusative object. Its meaning depends on the context, particularly whether it's used transitively or intransitively, and with what prepositions or cases.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπέχω (apechō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G4307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-mee-THI-ah

Translations: providence, forethought, provision, care, a providence, a forethought, a provision, a care

Notes: This word refers to foresight, careful planning, or the act of making provision for the future. It can also denote divine providence or the care exercised by a higher power. It is used in sentences to describe the act of looking ahead and preparing for what is to come, or the provision that results from such planning.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΣ

G5348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ef-THA-kee

Translations: had arrived, had come, had reached, had attained

Notes: This word is a verb indicating the action of arriving, coming, or reaching a certain point or state. It is used to describe an action that was completed before another past action, similar to the English past perfect tense. It often implies a sense of anticipation or being ahead of time.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to shine, appear). In Greek, it developed the sense of appearing or coming forth, and then by extension, arriving or anticipating.

G1831

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ex-EE-on-tes

Translations: going out, coming out, departing, a going out, a coming out, a departing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἐξέρχομαι' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. It can be translated as 'those who are going out' or 'while going out', depending on the context. It indicates an ongoing action of exiting or departing from a place.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐξέρχομαι (exerchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G2559

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KAH-koon

Translations: they were harming, they were afflicting, they were mistreating, they were doing evil to

Notes: This word describes an action of harming, afflicting, or mistreating others. It is in the imperfect tense, indicating a continuous or repeated action in the past. It would be used in a sentence to describe a group of people who were persistently causing trouble or injury to someone or something.

Inflection: Imperfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΌΩ (kakoo) is derived from the adjective ΚΑΚΌΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. The verb form means to make bad, to harm, or to do evil.

G2609

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-takh-THEYS

Translations: brought down, led down, brought ashore, landed, put ashore, descended

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'κατάγω', meaning 'to bring down' or 'to lead down'. It describes someone or something that has been brought down, led down, or landed, often in the sense of being brought to a specific place, such as ashore from a ship. It implies a completed action where the subject is the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Participle, Passive, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΟΡΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'κατάγω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead down' or 'to bring down'.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-lam-BA-nei

Translations: he receives, he takes, he takes along, he takes over, he takes possession of

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'from') and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It means to receive something, to take something into one's possession, or to take someone along with oneself. It can also imply taking over a responsibility or a position. It is used in sentences where an action of receiving or taking is performed by a third person singular subject.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G0138

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-THOO-moss

Translations: discouraged, disheartened, sad, despondent, a discouraged one

Notes: This word describes someone who is without courage, spirit, or heart. It signifies a state of being disheartened, despondent, or sad. It can be used to describe a person who has lost their resolve or hope.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΟΣ, ΔΥΣΘΥΜΟΣ, ἈΠΕΛΠΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΘΥΜΟΣ is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and θυμός (thymos), meaning 'spirit', 'courage', or 'passion'. Thus, it literally means 'without spirit' or 'lacking courage'.

G1760

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eth-yoo-MEH-toh

Translations: he was thinking, he was considering, he was pondering, he was reflecting

Notes: This word describes the action of thinking deeply, considering, or pondering something. It implies an ongoing or continuous mental process in the past. It is often used to describe someone who is reflecting on a matter or planning something in their mind.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ is derived from the preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in') and θυμός (thymos, meaning 'spirit, soul, mind'). It literally means 'to have in mind' or 'to take to heart', evolving to mean 'to ponder' or 'to consider'.

G5261

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pos-KHO-meh-nos

Translations: promising, having promised, to promise

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to promise'. It describes someone who is in the act of promising or who has already made a promise. It functions like an adjective or adverb in a sentence, modifying a noun or verb to indicate the action of promising.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in return for', and the verb ΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (ischneomai), meaning 'to hold back' or 'to restrain'. The combination implies 'to hold oneself under obligation' or 'to undertake', leading to the meaning 'to promise'.

G5399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: foh-BOO-meh-nos

Translations: fearing, being afraid, revering, respecting, one who fears, he who fears

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΦΟΒΕΩ, meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. In a religious context, it can also mean 'to revere' or 'to respect God'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the state of fearing or revering, or describing an action done while fearing. It can be translated as 'fearing' or 'one who fears'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΛΙΑΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G0605

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-kah-TAH-stee-see

Translations: restoration, restitution, re-establishment, a restoration

Notes: This word refers to the act of restoring something to its former state or condition, or the re-establishment of something that was lost or overthrown. It can also mean restitution, the act of making good for loss or damage. It is used to describe a return to an original or proper state.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΚΤΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἀποκατάστασις (apokatastasis) comes from the verb ἀποκαθίστημι (apokathistēmi), meaning 'to restore, to re-establish'. It is formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, back') and καθίστημι (kathistēmi, 'to set down, to establish').

G3930

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-rah-STAS

Translations: presentation, a presentation, appearance, a standing by, a standing near, a proof, a demonstration, a readiness

Notes: This word refers to the act of presenting or appearing, a standing by or near, or a demonstration or proof. It can also denote a state of readiness or preparation. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΕΙΞΙΣ, ΕΠΙΔΕΙΞΙΣ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word παράστασις (parastasis) comes from the verb παρίστημι (paristēmi), meaning 'to place beside, present, or stand by'. It is formed from the prefix παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the root ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'.

G5083

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TEE-ray-toh

Translations: he was being kept, it was being kept, he was being guarded, it was being guarded, he was being observed, it was being observed

Notes: This word is the third person singular, imperfect indicative, passive voice of the verb ΤΗΡΕΩ. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action. It means 'he/she/it was being kept' or 'he/she/it was being guarded/observed'. For example, it could be used to say 'he was being kept in prison' or 'it was being observed carefully'.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Imperfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TEM-nee

Translations: cuts short, abridges, curtails, shortens

Notes: This word means to cut short, abridge, or curtail. It is used to describe the act of reducing something in length, duration, or extent. For example, one might cut short a speech, abridge a story, or curtail an activity.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΤΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΜΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΕΜΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΤΕΜΝΩ (temno), meaning 'to cut'. Thus, it literally means 'to cut upon' or 'to cut in addition', leading to the sense of cutting short or abridging.

G4231

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: prahg-mah-TEH-oo-oh-meh-nos

Translations: doing business, trading, working, being engaged in, occupying oneself with, endeavoring, striving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'pragmateuomai'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in an activity, often related to business, trade, or diligent work. It can also imply an effort or striving towards a goal. In a sentence, it would function similarly to an English present participle, describing an ongoing action of the subject.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

G3371

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-ket

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, never again

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'μή' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It indicates the cessation of a state or action. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He will no longer go there.' The form 'ΜΗΚΕΤ' is an elided form of 'ΜΗΚΕΤΙ', where the final 'ι' is dropped before a vowel at the beginning of the next word.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥΚΕΤ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still).

G0861

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OW-this

Translations: again, anew, back, once more, furthermore, on the other hand

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'anew'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a contrasting idea, similar to 'furthermore' or 'on the other hand'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΤΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek αὖθις (authis), meaning 'again', 'back again'. It is related to αὖ (au), meaning 'again', 'furthermore'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SY-neen

Translations: high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word refers to the office or position of a high priest. It is a compound word, combining 'ἈΡΧΙ' (archi), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', with 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' (hierosyne), meaning 'priesthood'. It describes the state or function of being a high priest, often in a religious or ceremonial context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (archierōsynē) is derived from the combination of the prefix ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', and the noun ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (hierōsynē), meaning 'priesthood'.

G3075

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-LOH-bees-thai

Translations: to have outraged, to have insulted, to have injured, to have mutilated, to have abused

Notes: This word is the perfect infinitive, middle or passive voice, of the verb ΛΩΒΑΩ. It describes the state of having been outraged, insulted, injured, or mutilated. It implies a completed action that has resulted in a state of damage or dishonor.

Inflection: Perfect Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΚΟΩ, ΑΔΙΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΛΩΒΑΩ is derived from the noun λώβη (lōbē), meaning 'outrage, insult, injury'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of dishonor or damage.

G3648

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-lo-KLE-ron

Translations: of whole, of complete, of entire, of perfect, of sound, of unimpaired

Notes: This word is a compound adjective, meaning 'whole,' 'complete,' 'entire,' or 'perfect.' It is formed from 'ὅλος' (holos), meaning 'whole,' and 'κλῆρος' (klēros), meaning 'lot' or 'portion.' When used, it describes something that is undivided, lacking nothing, or fully intact. It can refer to physical completeness, moral integrity, or spiritual perfection.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΑΚΕΡΑΙΟΣ

G0515

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tos

Translations: deserving, worthy, asking, requesting, demanding, claiming, thinking worthy, deeming worthy, considering worthy

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to deem worthy' or 'to ask'. It describes someone who is deserving of something, or who is asking, requesting, or demanding something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a rightful claim.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΈΩ

G2115

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-psy-KHEE-as

Translations: (of) courage, (of) good cheer, (of) bravery, (of) boldness, (of) confidence

Notes: This word is a compound noun referring to the quality of having a good soul or spirit, thus signifying courage, good cheer, or bravery. It describes a state of mind characterized by confidence and fortitude, often in the face of adversity. It is used to describe someone's inner strength or resolve.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word Εὐψυχία (eupsychia) is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ψυχή (psychē), meaning 'soul', 'spirit', or 'life'. Thus, it literally means 'goodness of soul' or 'good spirit'.

G0624

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-FAT-tes-thai

Translations: to be slaughtered, to be slain, to be killed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb σφάζω (sphazō), meaning 'to slaughter' or 'to slay'. In its passive form, it means to be slaughtered or slain. It describes the act of being killed, often violently, and is used to refer to the killing of animals for sacrifice or the violent death of people.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH-ee

Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G4089

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pik-ro-TA-ton

Translations: most bitter, very bitter, bitterest, a most bitter thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'πικρός' (pikros), meaning 'bitter'. Therefore, 'πικρότατον' means 'most bitter' or 'very bitter'. It describes something that possesses the quality of bitterness to the highest degree. It can be used to describe a taste, an experience, or even a person's disposition.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΙΚΡΟΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πικρός' (pikros) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cut, to prick', which could refer to a sharp or biting taste.

G0150

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-SKHEES-ton

Translations: most shameful, most base, most disgraceful, most ugly, most vile

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'αἰσχρός' (aischros), meaning 'shameful' or 'base'. Therefore, it means 'most shameful' or 'most disgraceful'. It describes something that is utterly morally repugnant, dishonorable, or aesthetically repulsive. It can be used to describe actions, situations, or even people that are considered to be at the lowest point of moral or aesthetic quality.

Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΝ, ΚΑΚΙΣΤΟΝ, ΑΝΟΜΟΝ

Etymology: The word αἰσχρός (aischros) comes from αἶσχος (aischos), meaning 'shame, disgrace'. It describes something that causes shame or is inherently shameful.

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-la-BOHN

Translations: having taken up, having taken in, having received, having supposed, having answered, having replied

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (under) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take). It means to take up, to receive, to suppose, or to answer. Its meaning can vary depending on the context. For example, it can mean to take up a discourse (to answer or reply), to take someone under one's protection (to receive), or to take a view or opinion (to suppose).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G1658

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-LEF-theh-ras

Translations: free, of a free woman, of free people, free women, free things

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being free, not enslaved or in bondage. It can refer to a person who is not a slave, or to a state of being unconstrained or independent. It is often used to contrast with 'slave' or 'servant'. In its genitive singular feminine form, it can mean 'of a free woman'. In its accusative plural feminine form, it can mean 'free women' or 'free things' (referring to feminine nouns).

Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΝΕΞΑΡΤΗΤΟΣ

G4073

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEH-trah

Translations: rock, a rock, stone, a stone

Notes: This word refers to a large mass of stone, a rock, or a cliff. It is a feminine noun and can be used to describe a literal geological formation or metaphorically as a foundation or source of strength. It is often used in contexts referring to solid ground or a place of refuge.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΙΘΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to πίσος (písos, 'pea, pebble'). It refers to a large stone or rock, distinct from λίθος (líthos) which can refer to a smaller stone or pebble.

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-AY-gah-geh

Translations: he led out, he brought out, he took out

Notes: This word means to lead, bring, or take out from a place. It is often used in contexts of bringing people out of a country or a situation, such as leading the Israelites out of Egypt. It describes an action that has been completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐξ (ex, "out of") and ἄγω (agō, "to lead"). It literally means "to lead out."

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay

Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.

G639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-REE-an

Translations: perplexity, a perplexity, distress, a distress, difficulty, a difficulty, embarrassment, an embarrassment, want, a want, lack, a lack

Notes: This word refers to a state of being at a loss, without resources, or in a difficult situation. It can describe a lack of means, a state of perplexity, or a feeling of being stuck without a way forward. It is often used to describe a situation of distress or a problem that is hard to solve.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΙΑ, ΑΜΗΧΑΝΙΑ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΡΙΑ (aporia) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'no way' or 'without passage/resource'.

G4165

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-on

Translations: enemy, hostile, an enemy, a hostile thing, adversary

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is hostile, adversarial, or an enemy. It is often used to refer to an opponent in conflict or someone who is unfriendly. It can be used substantively to mean 'an enemy' or 'an adversary'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόλεμος (polemos), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. Thus, it refers to that which pertains to war or an enemy.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G5331

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: far-MA-koys

Translations: to drugs, to medicines, to poisons, to sorceries, to enchantments, to charms, to spells, to sorcerers, to magicians

Notes: This word refers to substances that can be used for various purposes, including medicine, poison, or magical potions. It can also refer to the practitioners who use such substances, like sorcerers or magicians. In a negative sense, it often implies the use of drugs or charms for evil or deceptive purposes, such as sorcery or witchcraft. The word is used here in the dative plural, indicating 'to' or 'for' these things or people.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΓΟΙΣ, ΓΟΗΤΕΣ, ΕΠΩΔΟΙΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the root 'φάρμακον' (pharmakon), which originally referred to any drug, whether for healing or poisoning. Over time, it developed connotations related to magic and sorcery, especially in the Septuagint and New Testament, due to the association of drugs with magical practices.

G5259

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-PEM-psas

Translations: having sent under, having sent secretly, having dispatched, having sent forth

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'ὑποπέμπω' (hypopempō). It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Therefore, it generally means 'to send under' or 'to send secretly'. It can refer to dispatching someone or something covertly, or sending someone as an agent or emissary, often with an underlying purpose.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὑποπέμπω' (hypopempō) is a compound of the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under, by, secretly', and the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send, dispatch'. Both components are ancient Greek words.

G2322

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-rah-PEH-yah

Translations: healing, a healing, service, a service, cure, a cure, worship, a worship

Notes: This word refers to the act of healing, curing, or providing medical treatment. It can also denote service, attendance, or care, particularly in a religious context, referring to the worship or service of God. Its meaning depends on the context, ranging from physical restoration to spiritual devotion.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΑΣΙΣ, ΥΓΕΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θεραπεύω (therapeuō), meaning 'to serve, attend, heal'. It is related to θεράπων (therapōn), meaning 'attendant, servant'.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THAY-ren

Translations: destroyed, corrupted, ruined, spoiled, perverted, wasted

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb φθείρω (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. It means to utterly destroy, corrupt, or ruin something or someone. It can be used to describe physical destruction, moral corruption, or the spoiling of something good. It often implies a complete and thorough destruction or perversion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G2287

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: thah-NAH-see-moys

Translations: to the deadly, to the mortal, to the fatal, to the lethal

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning deadly, mortal, or fatal. It describes something that causes death or is subject to death. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating that they possess the quality of being deadly or mortal.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΗΦΟΡΟΣ, ΘΑΝΑΤΩΔΗΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek θανάσιμος (thanásimos), from θάνατος (thánatos, “death”).

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-MEH-nohn

Translations: using, employing, having used, having employed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι', meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action performed by the subject. In this form, it describes those who have used or employed something, often implying a completed action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'χράομαι' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to handle, to use'. It is related to words signifying 'to touch' or 'to grasp'.

G5056

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-ohs

Translations: complete, perfect, finished, fully, perfectly, completely, mature, adult

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'complete' or 'perfect', describing something that has reached its intended end or full development. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'completely' or 'perfectly', indicating that an action is done to its full extent or without flaw. As an adjective, it can describe a person who is mature or fully grown. As an adverb, it describes the manner in which something is done.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (Adjective); Does not inflect (Adverb)

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΑΡΤΙΟΣ

Etymology: From τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'. The suffix -ως forms adverbs, and -ος forms adjectives, indicating a state of being at the end or completion.

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEI-nai

Translations: to let go, to send away, to forgive, to permit, to abandon, to leave, to dismiss

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀφίημι'. It means 'to let go' or 'to send away'. Depending on the context, it can also mean 'to forgive' (sins), 'to permit' (allow something to happen), 'to abandon' (leave someone or something behind), or 'to dismiss'. It describes an action of releasing or ceasing to hold onto something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ΠΑΡΙΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G1135