Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews / Book 13 / Chapter 3Book 13, Chapter 3
Interlinear version from Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews (Beta)
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3687
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: oh-NEE-oo
Translations: of Onias
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Onias'. Onias was the name of several Jewish high priests during the Second Temple period. In the provided context, it is used to indicate parentage, as in 'Simon, son of Onias'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Onias is of Hebrew origin, derived from the name 'Yochanan' (John), meaning 'Yahweh has been gracious'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs
Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest
Notes: This is a compound noun, meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, often the head of the priestly order, who held significant religious and sometimes political authority. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priest' or 'from the high priest'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) is a compound of ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G3690
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ho-MOH-noo-mos
Translations: homonymous, having the same name, of the same name, named after
Notes: This word describes something or someone that shares the same name as another. It is often used to indicate that a person or place is named after someone or something else. For example, a son might be 'homonymous' with his father if they share the same name, or a city might be 'homonymous' with its founder.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΩΝΥΜΟΣ, ΟΜΟΝΟΜΑΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek elements: 'ὁμός' (homos), meaning 'same' or 'common', and 'ὄνομα' (onoma), meaning 'name'. Thus, it literally means 'having the same name'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAH-tree
Translations: to a father, to the father, for a father, for the father
Notes: This word refers to a father or an ancestor. In its dative form, it indicates the recipient of an action or the person for whom something is done. It can be used to refer to a biological father, an ancestor, or even God as a father figure.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G221
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dree-ah
Translations: Alexandria
Notes: Alexandria refers to the famous ancient city in Egypt, founded by Alexander the Great. It was a major center of Hellenistic culture, trade, and learning, particularly known for its Great Library and Lighthouse. In Koine Greek texts, it is used as the name of this specific city.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From the Greek personal name Ἀλέξανδρος (Alexandros), referring to Alexander the Great, who founded many cities named Alexandria.
G5343
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: FY-gohn
Translations: fleeing, having fled, escaping, having escaped
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'φεύγω' (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates someone who is in the act of fleeing or has completed the act of fleeing.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah
Translations: king, a king
Notes: This word refers to a king, monarch, or ruler. It is used to denote the sovereign head of a state or people. In its accusative form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ptoh-leh-MAI-on
Translations: Ptolemy
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Ptolemy, a common name for several kings of Egypt during the Hellenistic period, as well as other historical figures. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G1941
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ep-ee-ka-LOO-meh-non
Translations: calling upon, being called, named, surnamed, appealing to, invoking
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epikaleo'. It generally means 'to call upon', 'to invoke', or 'to name'. In its passive form, as seen here, it can mean 'being called', 'being named', or 'being surnamed'. It is often used to refer to someone by a particular name or title, or to describe an action of appealing to a higher authority or a deity.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleo), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'to call upon'.
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: fee-loh-MAY-toh-rah
Translations: mother-loving, loving his mother, devoted to his mother
Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'mother-loving' or 'devoted to one's mother'. It is used to describe someone who has a strong affection for their mother. In the provided context, it appears to be an epithet or surname, likely referring to a king named Ptolemy, indicating his devotion to his mother, or perhaps a queen, indicating her devotion to her children (as 'mother' can sometimes refer to the 'motherland' or 'mother city' in a broader sense, though 'mother-loving' is the primary meaning).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΜΗΤΗΡ (mētēr), meaning 'mother'. It literally means 'mother-loving'.
G1236
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-AH-ghen
Translations: to lead through, to pass, to spend, to live, to conduct
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'διάγω' (diagō), which means 'to lead through', 'to pass', 'to spend time', or 'to live'. It is often used to describe the passage of time or the manner in which one conducts their life. In some contexts, it can refer to leading someone or something through a place, or even leading someone through fire as a ritual.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΖΑΩ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G4387
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron
Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing
Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)
Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-RAY-kah-men
Translations: we have said, we have spoken
Notes: This is a verb form meaning "we have said" or "we have spoken." It is the first person plural perfect active indicative of the verb "ΛΕΓΩ" (lego), which means "to say" or "to speak." It indicates an action completed in the past with continuing relevance to the present.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: ee-DON
Translations: seeing, having seen, when he saw, after seeing, when he had seen
Notes: This is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seen' or 'when one saw'. It describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can function adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΛΈΠΩΝ, ὉΡΩ͂Ν
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G2449
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-an
Translations: Judea
Notes: This word refers to Judea, a historical region in the Southern Levant. It was a significant area in ancient times, particularly known as the homeland of the Jewish people. In Koine Greek texts, it is often used to denote the geographical region or the province.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2559
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-koo-ME-neen
Translations: being ill-treated, being afflicted, being oppressed, being harmed, being mistreated, being tormented, being injured, being wronged, being abused
Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb κακόω (kakoó), meaning 'to treat badly, to harm, to afflict, to oppress'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is currently undergoing ill-treatment or affliction. It can be used to describe a person or a situation that is being harmed or suffering.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΠΑΣΧΟΥΣΑΝ, ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΗΝ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3110
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-keh-DOH-nohn
Translations: of Macedonians, of the Macedonians
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Macedon, an ancient kingdom located in the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to the Macedonians' or 'from the Macedonians'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohn
Translations: of kings, of a king
Notes: This word refers to rulers, monarchs, or sovereigns. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to kings, such as 'the power of kings' or 'the sons of kings'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G1014
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-nos
Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, wanting
Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is currently wishing, desiring, or intending to do something. It often indicates the subject's will, purpose, or intention in a given action.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩΝ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩΝ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOK-san
Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, dignity, reputation
Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation or dignity. It is often used in contexts of divine manifestation or human recognition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ
G3420
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MNEE-main
Translations: remembrance, memory, a remembrance, a memory
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of memory or the act of remembering. It can denote a recollection, a memorial, or the state of being remembered. It is often used in contexts relating to recalling past events, people, or divine acts.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΝΕΙΑ, ΑΝΑΜΝΗΣΙΣ
G0166
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on
Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual
Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age or period of time, often implying a duration that is either without end or of very long duration. It can refer to something that has always existed, will always exist, or is characteristic of a particular age. In many contexts, it is translated as 'eternal' or 'everlasting', emphasizing endless duration.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑἸΔΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑἸΩΝ (AIŌN), meaning 'age' or 'eternity'.
G2680
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-oo-AH-sai
Translations: to prepare, to make ready, to build, to construct, to furnish, to equip, to provide
Notes: This word means to prepare, make ready, build, or construct something. It can also imply furnishing or equipping. It is often used in contexts of setting up or arranging things, whether physical structures or abstract concepts like plans or minds. For example, one might 'prepare a road' or 'construct a house'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G1231
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-EH-gno
Translations: decided, determined, discerned, knew fully, distinguished
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'διαγιγνώσκω' (diagignōskō). It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and 'γιγνώσκω' (gignōskō), meaning 'to know'. Therefore, it means to know thoroughly, to discern, to decide, or to determine after careful consideration. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where someone came to a firm conclusion or made a definitive judgment.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: PEM-psas
Translations: having sent, one who sent, he who sent, when he had sent
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'one who sent', indicating the person or thing that performed the action of sending.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G0938
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LIH-sahn
Translations: queen, a queen
Notes: This word refers to a female monarch, the wife of a king, or a female ruler of a kingdom. It is used in sentences to denote the object of an action, as it is in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΑ (basilissa) is derived from the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. The suffix -ισσα (-issa) is a common feminine suffix in Greek, indicating a female counterpart to a male noun.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kleh-oh-PAH-trahn
Translations: Cleopatra
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Cleopatra, a famous queen of ancient Egypt. It is used to identify a specific person and does not change its core meaning based on context, though its grammatical form changes depending on its role in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name Cleopatra is of Greek origin, meaning 'glory of her father'. It is derived from the Greek words κλέος (kleos), meaning 'glory' or 'fame', and πατήρ (pater), meaning 'father'.
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahee-TAY-sas-thai
Translations: to ask, to request, to beg, to demand
Notes: This word means to ask or request something, often with a sense of petition or demand. It implies seeking something from another person or entity. It can be used in various contexts where a request is being made.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G1849
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an
Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty
Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.
G3704
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-pos
Translations: how, as, that, in order that, so that
Notes: This word functions as both a conjunction and an adverb. As a conjunction, it introduces clauses of purpose or result, meaning 'in order that' or 'so that'. As an adverb, it describes manner, meaning 'how' or 'as'. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΙΝΑ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὡς (hōs, 'as') and πώς (pōs, 'somehow').
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEH-see-en
Translations: might build, would build, should build, might erect, would erect, should erect, might construct, would construct, should construct
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demo), meaning 'to build'. It generally means to build, erect, or construct. In this form, it expresses a potential or desired action, indicating what someone might, would, or should build.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-on
Translations: temple, a temple, shrine, a shrine
Notes: ΝΑΟΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΝΑΟΣ, meaning 'temple' or 'shrine'. It specifically refers to the inner sanctuary of a temple, the dwelling place of the deity, as distinct from the broader temple complex (ἱερόν). It is used when the temple is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
G000125
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ahee-GYP-toh
Translations: (to) Egypt
Notes: This word refers to the country of Egypt. It is used to indicate a location or destination, often translated with 'to' or 'in' when referring to movement towards or presence within the country.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΑἸΓΥΠΤΟΣ (Aigyptos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from an Egyptian name for the Nile or the city of Memphis. It was adopted into Greek and refers to the ancient land of Egypt.
G3898
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-rap-LAY-see-on
Translations: similar, like, nearly, almost, a similar thing, something similar
Notes: This word describes something that is very similar or nearly identical to something else. It is often used to indicate a close resemblance or approximation. For example, it could be used to say 'a similar house' or 'nearly the same time'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΕΓΓΥΣ
G2414
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys
Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem
Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.
Inflection: Dative, Plural
Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).
G3019
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: le-OO-ee-tas
Translations: Levites, the Levites
Notes: This word refers to the Levites, members of the Israelite tribe of Levi, who were responsible for religious duties and services in the Temple. They served as assistants to the priests and performed various functions related to worship and the maintenance of the sanctuary.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G2409
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-EH-race
Translations: priests
Notes: This word refers to individuals who perform sacred rites and offer sacrifices, acting as intermediaries between people and the divine. In ancient contexts, priests were often associated with temples and religious cults, responsible for maintaining religious traditions and rituals.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ, ΘΥΤΗΡΕΣ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-dee-oo
Translations: (of) one's own, (of) his own, (of) her own, (of) its own, (of) their own, own
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It emphasizes possession or belonging to a specific person or group, often contrasting with what is public or belongs to others. It can be used to refer to one's own property, family, or affairs.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-NOOS
Translations: of race, of kind, of family, of nation, of offspring, of stock
Notes: This word refers to a group of people sharing common ancestry, characteristics, or origin. It can also refer to a species, type, or class of things. It is often used to describe a lineage, a people group, or a category.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
G2525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-see
Translations: will appoint, will establish, will set up, will make, will put, may appoint, may establish, may set up, may make, may put
Notes: This word is a form of the verb meaning 'to appoint, establish, or set up.' It can refer to placing someone in a position of authority, establishing a rule or custom, or simply setting something in place. It is often used in contexts of leadership, governance, or the fulfillment of a plan.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Active Indicative or Aorist Active Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-BOO-leh-toh
Translations: he was wishing, he wanted, he intended, he purposed, he desired
Notes: This word is a verb that expresses a strong desire, intention, or purpose. It describes someone's will or resolve to do something. It is often used to indicate a deliberate choice or a settled intention, rather than a fleeting wish.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
Etymology: From the root ΒΟΥΛ-, related to will or counsel. It is connected to the concept of deliberate choice or decision.
G2292
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: thar-RONE
Translations: being confident, having courage, being bold, daring, being of good courage
Notes: ΘΑΡΡΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, meaning 'to be confident' or 'to have courage'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the subject's state or action while performing another verb. It indicates that the subject is acting with confidence or boldness.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative Singular
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ
G3122
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-lis-TA
Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'
Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'
G4396
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-FEE-tay
Translations: prophet, a prophet
Notes: This word refers to a prophet, someone who speaks for God or interprets His will. It is often used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or foretell future events. In a sentence, it would typically function as a subject or object, as in 'the prophet spoke' or 'they listened to the prophet'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΜΟΛΟΓΟΣ
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hay-SAH-ee-ah
Translations: Isaiah
Notes: This is the name of the Old Testament prophet Isaiah. He is known for his prophetic book in the Bible, which contains prophecies about the coming Messiah and the restoration of Israel. The name means 'Yahweh is salvation'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Hebrew Yesha'yahu, meaning 'Yahweh is salvation'.
G1715
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: em-PROS-then
Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously
Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-teh-sin
Translations: (to) years, (in) years
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, commonly known as a year. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating a relationship of 'to' or 'in' with respect to years, often denoting a time frame or duration.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Etymology: The word ἔτος (etos) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to a year or a period of time.
G1835
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: eks-ah-KO-see-oys
Translations: six hundred, to six hundred, with six hundred
Notes: This word is a numeral meaning 'six hundred'. It is used to indicate a quantity of six hundred of something. In the provided examples, it is used with 'horsemen' (ἱππεῦσιν) to mean 'with six hundred horsemen'. As a numeral, it functions similarly to an adjective, agreeing in case, number, and gender with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἕξ (hex, “six”) and χίλιοι (khilioi, “thousand”), specifically from the combining form -κόσιοι (-kosioi, “hundred”).
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLEH-on
Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides
Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-GON-os
Translations: having become, having been, being, who has become, who has been
Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to be', 'to come into being', or 'to happen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed and has ongoing results. It often translates as 'having become' or 'having been', indicating a state or condition resulting from a past action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the one having become king'.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating a process of becoming or happening, as opposed to a static state of being.
G4280
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-EI-pen
Translations: he said before, he foretold, he prophesied, he spoke beforehand
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before', and the verb εἶπον (eîpon), meaning 'I said'. It means to say something in advance, to foretell, or to prophesy. It is used to describe an action of speaking that precedes a future event or a later statement. For example, 'He foretold the events that would happen.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb εἶπον (eîpon), which is the aorist form of λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.
G1163
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Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb
Sounds like: DEH-ee
Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.
Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.
G3843
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAN-tohs
Translations: certainly, by all means, altogether, surely, doubtless, absolutely, entirely, at any rate
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize certainty, totality, or necessity. It can be translated as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'by all means,' or 'altogether,' indicating that something is definitely true or will definitely happen. It can also mean 'at any rate' or 'in any case,' suggesting a minimum level of certainty or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΣΗ, ΠΑΝΤΗ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-mee-THE-nay
Translations: to be built, to be constructed, to be edified
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. In this passive form, it means 'to be built' or 'to be constructed'. It can also carry the metaphorical sense of 'to be edified' or 'to be spiritually built up'. It is used to express the action of something being built or established.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
G3176
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-GISS-toh
Translations: greatest, largest, most important, most significant, a greatest, a largest
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the adjective 'megistos', meaning 'greatest' or 'largest'. It is the superlative form of 'megas' (great). It is used to describe something as being of the highest degree in size, importance, or intensity. In a sentence, it would typically modify a feminine noun in the dative case, indicating 'to/for the greatest' or 'by the greatest'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΩ, ΠΛΕΙΣΤΩ, ΥΠΕΡΤΑΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ is the superlative form of the adjective ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great'. It derives from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'great' or 'large'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oh
Translations: (to) God, (for) God, a God
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It refers to the supreme being in a monotheistic context, or to a deity in a polytheistic context. When used in the dative case, it typically indicates the recipient of an action or the one for whom something is done, hence 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AHN-dross
Translations: (of) man, (of) a man, (of) husband, (of) a husband
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the Koine Greek noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'husband'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English. For example, 'the house of the man' or 'the wife of the husband'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oo
Translations: of Jews, Jews
Notes: This word refers to a Jew, an inhabitant of Judea, or a descendant of Judah. In Koine Greek, it is used to denote a person belonging to the Jewish people or adhering to the Jewish religion. The form provided is plural and can function as either genitive (indicating possession or origin, 'of Jews') or accusative (the direct object of a verb or preposition, 'Jews').
Inflection: Plural, Genitive or Accusative, Masculine
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G1869
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: ep-AYR-men-os
Translations: lifted up, exalted, raised, high, proud, arrogant
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been lifted up' or 'having been exalted'. It describes something or someone that has been raised to a higher position, either literally in space or figuratively in status or pride. When used figuratively, it often implies a sense of arrogance or haughtiness due to being elevated.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΥΨΗΛΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΗΡΜΕΝΟΣ is derived from the verb ἐπαίρω (epairō), which is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift' or 'to raise'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: O-NEE-as
Translations: Onias
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a masculine personal name. It refers to a historical figure, most notably several Jewish High Priests during the Hellenistic period, as suggested by the example usage. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Onias is of Hebrew origin, derived from the name Yochanan (John), meaning 'Yahweh has been gracious'. It was a common name among Jewish high priests in the Hellenistic period.
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: grah-FEI
Translations: he writes, she writes, it writes, he draws, she draws, it draws, he paints, she paints, it paints
Notes: This word means 'to write', 'to draw', or 'to paint'. It is used to describe the act of creating text, images, or figures, often with a pen, brush, or other instrument. It can refer to the physical act of inscribing or depicting something.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΖΩΓΡΑΦΩ, ΥΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ
G4424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PTO-le-MAI-oh
Translations: (to) Ptolemy
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Ptolemy, a common name for several kings of Egypt, particularly after the time of Alexander the Great. It is used to indicate the recipient of an action or the person to whom something is directed.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kleh-oh-PAH-trah
Translations: Cleopatra
Notes: Cleopatra is a female proper name, most famously associated with Cleopatra VII Philopator, the last active pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt. It is used to refer to a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Cleopatra is of Greek origin, meaning 'glory of the father' or 'famous in her father'. It is derived from the Greek words κλέος (kleos), meaning 'glory' or 'fame', and πατήρ (pater), meaning 'father'.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-teen
Translations: such, such a, of such a kind
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective used to describe something of the kind or quality just mentioned or about to be mentioned. It functions similarly to 'this kind of' or 'that kind of'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G1992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-toh-LEN
Translations: letter, an epistle, a letter, an epistle, a written message
Notes: This word refers to a written message, a letter, or an epistle. It is typically used to describe a communication sent from one person or group to another, often for official or personal purposes. It can be used in contexts such as sending a decree, a personal note, or a formal communication.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑ, ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LAS
Translations: many, much, great
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much', indicating a large quantity or number. It is used to describe nouns, agreeing with them in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used for feminine plural nouns in the accusative case.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-GAH-las
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, loud
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great' or 'large'. It is used to describe the size, importance, or intensity of something. For example, it can refer to a great city, a loud voice, or significant sins. This particular form is an inflection of the root word ΜΕΓΑΣ.
Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G5532
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHREH-ee-as
Translations: of need, of necessity, of use, of service, of business, of duty
Notes: This word refers to a need, necessity, or a specific task or business. It is often used to describe something that is required or useful, or a particular duty or service that must be performed. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of' or 'belonging to' a need or use.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΑ
G5055
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: teh-teh-LEH-koss
Translations: having completed, having finished, having accomplished, having performed, having paid, having fulfilled
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having completed' or 'having finished'. It describes an action that has been brought to an end or fulfilled. It can be used to describe someone who has accomplished a task, paid a debt, or fulfilled a prophecy. It often implies a state of completion resulting from a past action.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΗΚΩΣ, ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΚΩΣ, ΠΕΠΡΑΓΩΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek τελέω (teléō, “to complete, fulfill, accomplish”), from τέλος (télos, “end, goal, completion”).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-mon
Translations: war, a war
Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups. It is used to describe a battle or a prolonged struggle, often involving military action and violence. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΓΩΝ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-goys
Translations: to works, by works, with works, in works, to a work, by a work, with a work, in a work
Notes: This word refers to a deed, action, or work. It can encompass anything done or performed, whether good or bad, and often implies the result or product of an action. It is used in various contexts to describe human activities, divine actions, or the effects of something.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΝΕΡΓΕΙΑ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0996
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boh-AY-thee-as
Translations: of help, of aid, of assistance, of succor
Notes: This word refers to help, aid, or assistance. It is used to describe the act of providing support or relief to someone in need. It can be used in contexts where divine or human intervention brings about a favorable outcome.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΙΑ, ΣΥΝΔΡΟΜΗ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos
Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G2840
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KOY-lee
Translations: hollow, a hollow, deep, a deep, valley, a valley
Notes: This word describes something that is hollow, concave, or deep. It can refer to a physical depression, like a valley or a hollow space. It is often used to describe geographical features or parts of the body that are sunken.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ah
Translations: Syria
Notes: This word refers to Syria, a geographical region and ancient country located in the Middle East, east of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the land or the people of Syria.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Syria' is believed to be derived from the ancient Semitic name 'Sūri' or 'Sūriya', which was used to refer to the region. It is also thought to be related to 'Assyria', an ancient empire in Mesopotamia.
G5403
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: foy-NEE-kee
Translations: Phoenicia
Notes: This word refers to Phoenicia, an ancient historical region on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the geographical area.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From an ancient Semitic root, referring to the land of the Phoenicians. The name was adopted into Greek.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3023
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: leh-ON-tohn
Translations: of lions
Notes: This word refers to multiple lions. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to lions' or 'from lions'. For example, one might speak of 'the roar of lions' or 'the den of lions'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-lee-oh-po-LEE-too
Translations: of Heliopolis, of a Heliopolite, a Heliopolite
Notes: This word refers to an inhabitant of Heliopolis, a city known in ancient times. The form provided is the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Heliopolis' or 'of a Heliopolite'. It is used to describe someone or something belonging to or coming from the city of Heliopolis.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word is a compound derived from Ἥλιος (Helios), meaning 'sun', and πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', thus 'Sun City'. The suffix -ίτης (-ites) indicates an inhabitant or native of a place.
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oys
Translations: to Jews, for Jews, with Jews, among Jews
Notes: This word refers to Jews or Jewish people. It is a plural noun in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something. It can be translated as 'to Jews,' 'for Jews,' 'with Jews,' or 'among Jews,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-looce
Translations: others, other, another, different
Notes: This word refers to 'other' people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a different one or a different group. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He saw others' meaning he saw different people.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-poos
Translations: places, a place, regions, a region, localities, a locality
Notes: This word refers to a specific location, area, or region. It is commonly used to denote a physical space or a particular spot. In the provided examples, it is used in the plural to refer to multiple locations or areas.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΧΩΡΙΟΝ
G0864
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-fee-KO-meh-nos
Translations: having come, having arrived, coming, arriving
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀφικνέομαι', meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate the state of having come or arrived.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἀφικνέομαι is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἱκνέομαι (hikneomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to reach'.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-noos
Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen
Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PLAY-stoos
Translations: most, very many, the greatest number
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. 'ΠΛΕΙΣΤΟΥΣ' specifically means 'most' or 'very many' and is used to describe a large quantity or number of masculine nouns in the accusative case. For example, it could refer to 'most people' or 'very many things'.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΜΠΟΛΛΟΥΣ, ΠΟΛΛΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word 'πολύς' (polys), from which 'πλείστους' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'full' or 'much'.
G2147
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eu-RON
Translations: finding, having found, discovering, obtaining
Notes: ΕΥΡΩΝ is the masculine, singular, nominative, aorist active participle of the verb εὑρίσκω (heuriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. As a participle, it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing an action performed by the subject. It indicates an action that has been completed in the past relative to the main verb, often translated as 'having found' or simply 'finding' in context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΕΞΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word εὑρίσκω (heuriskō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to find' or 'to obtain' in other Indo-European languages.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2520
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ka-THEE-kon
Translations: duty, what is fitting, proper, becoming, appropriate, a duty, what is due
Notes: This word refers to what is proper, fitting, or appropriate, often in the sense of a moral obligation or duty. It describes actions or behaviors that are suitable or incumbent upon someone. It can function as a noun meaning 'duty' or 'what is fitting', or as an adjective meaning 'fitting' or 'proper'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΡΕΠΟΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΝ, ΟΦΕΙΛΟΜΕΝΟΝ
Etymology: The word is derived from the verb καθήκω (kathēkō), meaning 'to come down to', 'to reach', and by extension, 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper'. It is a compound of κατά (kata, 'down') and ἥκω (hēkō, 'to have come', 'to be present').
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-on-tas
Translations: having, holding, possessing, those having, the ones holding
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions both as a verb, indicating an action, and as an adjective, modifying a noun. In this form, it describes individuals or things that are in the process of having or holding something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with cognates in other Indo-European languages.
G2413, G2411
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-RAH
Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, sacred things, temple, a temple
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used as a noun, it typically refers to 'sacred things' or 'holy places', often specifically a 'temple' or 'sanctuary'. It describes anything set apart for divine use or associated with religious practices.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Singular; or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἱερά (hiera) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ish₂ros, meaning 'sacred, powerful'. It is related to words signifying strength and divine power.
G1419
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dys-NOOS
Translations: ill-disposed, disaffected, hostile, unfriendly
Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from the prefix 'δυσ-' (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and 'νοῦς' (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding'. It describes someone who has a bad or hostile disposition towards another, indicating a state of being ill-willed or unfriendly. It is used to describe a person's negative attitude or feelings.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΥΣΝΟΥΣ is a compound of the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'bad, ill, difficult', and ΝΟΥΣ (nous), meaning 'mind, understanding'. It describes a state of having a 'bad mind' or 'ill will'.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loys
Translations: one another, each other, to one another, to each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual between two or more subjects. For example, 'they spoke to one another' or 'they loved each other'. It is always used in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G0007
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ai-GYP-tee-oys
Translations: (to) Egyptians, (for) Egyptians
Notes: This word refers to people from Egypt. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the Egyptians. It can function as an adjective describing something as Egyptian, or as a noun referring to the people themselves.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: From ΑἼΓΥΠΤΟΣ (Aigyptos), meaning 'Egypt'.
G4819
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soom-BE-bee-ken
Translations: it has happened, it has come to pass, it has occurred, it has resulted, it has turned out, it has befallen
Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb 'symbainō'. It describes an event or outcome that has already taken place or come to pass. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it happens' or 'it occurs', and can refer to something that has resulted from a previous action or circumstance.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G2413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-RON
Translations: (of) holy, (of) sacred, (of) consecrated, (of) a holy thing, (of) sacred things, (of) holy places
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'holy' or 'sacred'. It describes something belonging to or associated with the divine, a temple, or religious rites. It can also function as a noun in the genitive plural, referring to 'holy things' or 'sacred places'. It is often used to describe objects, places, or actions that are set apart for religious purposes.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from an ancient root meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', often associated with that which is set apart for a deity or religious use. It is related to the concept of sacrifice and divine power.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G2356
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thrays-KAY-ahss
Translations: (of) religion, (of) worship, (of) religious observance, (of) piety, a religion
Notes: This word refers to religion, worship, or religious observance. It describes the outward expression of one's devotion to a deity or a set of beliefs, often involving rituals, practices, and a system of faith. It is used to speak about the practice or system of a particular faith.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ
Etymology: From θρησκεύω (thrēskeuō, "to worship"), which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to θρᾷσσα (thrāssa, "Thracian woman"), referring to the ecstatic worship practices of Thracian cults.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G3672
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-moh-DOX-on
Translations: of the same opinion, like-minded, agreeing, a like-minded thing
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'of the same opinion' or 'like-minded'. It describes individuals or groups who share common beliefs, views, or doctrines. It can be used to describe people who are in agreement with each other, or things that are consistent in their nature or belief.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟΣ, ΟΜΟΓΝΩΜΩΝ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ὅμος (homos), meaning 'same' or 'one and the same', and δόξα (doxa), meaning 'opinion', 'belief', or 'glory'. Thus, it literally means 'of the same opinion'.
G2039
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-pee-tay-dee-OH-tah-ton
Translations: most suitable, most convenient, most appropriate, a most suitable, a most convenient, a most appropriate
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'epitedeios', meaning 'suitable' or 'convenient'. Therefore, 'epitēdeiotaton' means 'most suitable', 'most convenient', or 'most appropriate'. It is used to describe something that is exceedingly fit for a particular purpose or occasion.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter, Superlative
Synonyms: ΑΡΜΟΔΙΩΤΑΤΟΝ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΟΤΑΤΟΝ
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TO-pon
Translations: place, a place, region, a region, spot, a spot, location, a location
Notes: This word refers to a specific physical location, area, or region. It can be used to denote a particular spot, a general area, or even a position or status. For example, it might be used to say 'this place' or 'in that region'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G4377
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ag-or-yoo-OH-men-oh
Translations: being called, being named, being addressed, being saluted
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being called' or 'being named'. It describes someone or something that is being referred to by a particular name or title, or being addressed or saluted. It is often used to indicate how a person or group is identified or known.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak in the assembly' or 'to proclaim'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak towards' or 'to address', evolving to 'to call by name' or 'to salute'.
G0066
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-GREE-ahs
Translations: of wild, of savage, of fierce, of untamed
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something that is wild, untamed, or savage. It can refer to animals, people, or even things that are not cultivated or civilized. It is used to modify a noun, indicating a quality of that noun.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΓΡΙΟΣ, ΘΗΡΙΩΔΗΣ, ἈΓΡΙΟΤΗΣ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: boo-bas-TEH-ohs
Translations: of Bubastis
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Bubastis', referring to the ancient Egyptian city. It is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Bubastis' or 'from Bubastis'. For example, one might say 'the temple of Bubastis' or 'the people of Bubastis'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G3794
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: okh-y-ROH-mah-tee
Translations: (to) a fortress, (to) a stronghold, (to) a prison, (to) a defense
Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, a stronghold, or a prison. It is used to describe a secure location, often one built for defense or for holding captives. In a figurative sense, it can refer to a strong argument or a false belief that acts as a barrier.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ
Etymology: The word ὈΧΥΡΩΜΑ (ochyroma) comes from the verb ὀχυρόω (ochyroo), meaning 'to make firm, to fortify', which in turn comes from ὀχυρός (ochyros), meaning 'firm, strong'.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: BRY-on-tah
Translations: abounding, overflowing, gushing forth, full of
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βρύω' (bryō), meaning 'to be full of,' 'to abound,' or 'to gush forth.' As a participle, it describes something that is currently in the state of abounding or overflowing. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΥΝΟΝΤΑ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΟΝΤΑ
G4164
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: poy-KEE-less
Translations: of varied, of diverse, of manifold, of intricate, of colorful, of various, of variegated
Notes: This word describes something that is varied, diverse, manifold, or intricate. It can refer to something that has many different colors, forms, or qualities. It is used to describe a wide range of things, from intricate patterns to diverse experiences or wisdom.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'variegated' or 'embroidered'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages suggesting an ancient root related to diversity or complexity.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HOO-lays
Translations: of wood, of forest, of material, of matter, a forest, a wood, a material, a matter
Notes: This word refers to wood, a forest, or more broadly, to material or matter. It can be used to describe the substance from which something is made, or a collection of trees. In a philosophical context, it can refer to the raw material of the universe.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΥΠΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΝ
Etymology: The word ὕλη (hylē) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It originally referred to a forest or wood, and later extended to mean 'material' or 'matter' in a more general sense, especially in philosophical contexts.
G2226
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: zoh-OHN
Translations: of living things, of animals, of creatures, of beasts
Notes: This word refers to living beings, creatures, or animals. It is often used in a general sense to describe any animate being, from humans to beasts. In the provided examples, it refers to 'living creatures' or 'animals'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΤΗΝΟΣ
G3324
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MES-ton
Translations: full, filled, a full thing, a filled thing
Notes: This word describes something that is full or filled. It is often used to indicate that something is completely occupied or abundant with something else. It can be used in a sentence like 'The basket was full of fruit' or 'The city was filled with people'. When used with a genitive case, it specifies what it is full of.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΓΕΜΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΣΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to fill' or 'to be in the middle'.
G1189
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEH-oh-my
Translations: I beg, I pray, I ask, I entreat, I implore, I need, I want
Notes: This verb means to beg, pray, ask, or entreat. It often implies a sense of need or desire for something. It can be used to express a request to someone or for something, often followed by an infinitive or a genitive case indicating what is needed or requested.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: From an uncontracted form of the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack'. The middle voice often conveys the sense of 'to be in need of' or 'to ask for oneself'.
G4784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-kho-RAY-sai
Translations: to grant, to allow, to permit, to yield, to concede, to forgive
Notes: This verb means to grant, allow, or permit something. It can also mean to yield or concede, or to forgive. It is often used in contexts where one person gives permission or makes a concession to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek συν (syn, “with”) + χωρέω (chōreō, “to make room, to go”).
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G0006
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-DES-po-ton
Translations: ownerless, masterless, without a master, a thing without a master, a thing ownerless
Notes: This word describes something that is without an owner or master. It is often used to refer to property or things that are unclaimed or abandoned. It can also describe a person who is without a lord or ruler. In the provided example, it refers to a sacred place that is ownerless or abandoned.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the alpha privative 'Ἀ-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ' (meaning 'master' or 'lord'). Thus, it literally means 'without a master'.
G0340
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-nah-kah-thah-RAHN-tee
Translations: (to) cleansing, (to) purifying, (to) restoring, (to) one who cleanses, (to) one who purifies
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἀνακαθαίρω (anakathairō), meaning 'to cleanse thoroughly,' 'to purify,' or 'to restore.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone or something. In this dative form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of the action of cleansing or purifying, or the means by which something is cleansed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΟΝΤΙ, ἘΚΚΑΘΑΙΡΟΝΤΙ
G2413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-RON
Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.
G4899
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: soom-PEP-toh-kos
Translations: fallen, collapsed, ruined, a fallen, a collapsed, a ruined
Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb 'συμπίπτω' (sympiptō), meaning 'to fall together' or 'to collapse'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has fallen or collapsed, often implying a state of ruin or disrepair. It can be used to describe buildings, structures, or even situations that have come to a state of collapse.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΤΩΚΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΡΕΙΠΩΜΕΝΟΣ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEH-say
Translations: to build, to construct, to erect, to edify, to strengthen
Notes: This word means to build a house or any structure. Metaphorically, it can refer to building up or strengthening someone, especially in a spiritual sense, or to promote growth and development. It is used to describe the act of construction or the process of edification.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G3667
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ho-moy-OH-sin
Translations: likeness, a likeness, resemblance, a resemblance, similarity, a similarity
Notes: This noun refers to the state or quality of being like something else, indicating a resemblance or similarity. It is used to describe something that shares characteristics or appearance with another thing.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕἸΚΩΝ, ὉΜΟΙΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΙΩΣΙΣ comes from the verb ὁμοιόω (homoioō), meaning 'to make like' or 'to liken', which itself is derived from ὅμοιος (homoios), meaning 'like' or 'similar'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G3358
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-troys
Translations: (to) measure, (to) measures, (to) amount, (to) amounts, (to) limit, (to) limits
Notes: This word refers to a measure, a standard of measurement, or a limit. It can also denote a certain amount or quantity. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the standard by which something is judged or the extent to which something reaches.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ, ΖΥΓΟΣ, ΜΕΤΡΟΝ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G4597
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAYS
Translations: moth, a moth
Notes: This word refers to a moth, specifically a clothes moth or a similar insect that consumes fabric. It is often used metaphorically to describe something that causes decay, destruction, or ruin, similar to how moths destroy garments. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word "σής" (sēs) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning "to eat" or "to gnaw."
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-NAI-koss
Translations: of a woman, of the woman, of a wife, of the wife
Notes: This word refers to a woman or a wife. As a genitive noun, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'the house of the woman' or 'the son of the wife'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΓΥΝΗ (gynē) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a woman or wife. It is related to similar words in other Indo-European languages.
G5043
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEK-non
Translations: of children, children
Notes: This word refers to offspring, descendants, or young ones. It is used to denote a child or children in a literal sense, or sometimes metaphorically to refer to those who are spiritually related or under someone's care. It is a common term for a son or daughter.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΙΩΝ, ΠΑΙΔΩΝ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, by, with, at, into, to, for, toward, during, through, a, an
Notes: This word is a very common preposition in Koine Greek, meaning 'in', 'on', 'among', 'by', or 'with'. It is used to indicate location, time, or means. When used with the dative case, it typically means 'in', 'on', 'at', or 'among'. When used with the accusative case, it indicates motion 'into' or 'to' a place, or a purpose 'for' something. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'therein' or 'within'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition). Governs the dative or accusative case.
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in'. It is a very ancient and fundamental preposition.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh-sin
Translations: may have, might have, may hold, might hold, may possess, might possess
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. It is used to indicate ownership, possession, or a state of being. As a subjunctive form, it often expresses possibility, desire, or purpose, translating as 'may have' or 'might have' in English.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G125
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AI-gyp-TON
Translations: Egypt
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the country of Egypt. In the provided examples, it is used as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating a destination or location.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2730
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: kah-toy-KOON-tes
Translations: dwelling, inhabiting, residing, living, those who dwell, those who inhabit, those who reside, those who live
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'katoikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It describes someone or something that is currently dwelling or residing in a place. When used as a noun, it refers to 'those who dwell' or 'the inhabitants' of a particular area. It is often used to describe people living in a specific region or on the earth.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: it, itself, the same
Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.
G4920
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soon-ee-ON-tes
Translations: understanding, perceiving, comprehending, those who understand, those who perceive
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ (syniēmi), meaning 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. Thus, it literally means 'to send together' or 'to bring together', which evolved to mean 'to bring concepts together in the mind', hence 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes an action being performed by the subject, often translated as 'understanding' or 'those who understand' depending on context.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loos
Translations: one another, each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that the action of the verb is performed by each member of a group upon the other members. For example, 'they loved one another'. It is a compound word formed from the word ἈΛΛΟΣ (ALLOS), meaning 'other'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine. Reciprocal pronouns do not have singular forms and are only found in the genitive, dative, and accusative cases.
G3671
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-moh-NOY-ahn
Translations: harmony, concord, agreement, unity, a harmony, a concord, an agreement, a unity
Notes: This word refers to a state of agreement, unity, or harmony among people. It describes a shared mindset or purpose, often implying a peaceful and cooperative relationship. It is used to describe the state of being of one mind or having a common understanding.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ, ΕΝΟΤΗΣ, ΟΜΟΨΥΧΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-saiss
Translations: (to) all, (in) all, (for) all, (with) all, every
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. In this form, it is used to describe feminine plural nouns in the dative case, indicating the recipient or location of an action, or the means by which something is done. For example, 'in all cities' or 'to all people'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
G1880
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-yoo-pee-reh-TEIN
Translations: to serve, to minister, to render service, to assist
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to serve, minister, or render service to someone. It implies providing assistance or fulfilling a need. It is often used in the context of helping or aiding others.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ὑπηρετέω (hypēreteō), meaning 'to serve' or 'to minister'. The latter comes from ὑπηρέτης (hypērétēs), meaning 'an under-rower' or 'assistant'.
G5532
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHREH-yah-ees
Translations: needs, necessities, uses, services, wants, (to) needs, (to) necessities, (to) uses, (to) services, (to) wants
Notes: This word refers to a need, necessity, or a specific use or service. It can describe something that is required or useful. In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the recipient or circumstance of an action, often translated with "to" or "for" or simply as the plural noun in context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hay-SAH-ee-as
Translations: Isaiah
Notes: This is the name of the Old Testament prophet Isaiah. It is used to refer to the prophet himself or to the book of the Bible that bears his name.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Yesha'yahu, meaning 'Yahweh is salvation'. It is a compound of 'yesha' (salvation) and 'Yah' (a shortened form of Yahweh).
G4396
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-FEE-tays
Translations: prophet, a prophet
Notes: A prophet is a person who speaks for God, often delivering divine messages, interpreting God's will, or foretelling future events. They are seen as inspired by God to communicate His word to humanity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs), from πρό (pró, “before”) + φημί (phēmí, “to speak”). It literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks for'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, there will be
Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates that something 'will be' or 'shall be' in the future. It can refer to a person (he/she/it will be) or an impersonal existence (there will be).
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
G2379
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-see-as-TEE-ree-on
Translations: altar, an altar
Notes: This word refers to an altar, a raised structure or place on which sacrifices or offerings are made to a deity. It is typically used in religious contexts to denote the sacred place where rituals involving offerings take place.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word "ΘΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ" (thysiastērion) is derived from "θυσιάζω" (thysiazō), meaning 'to sacrifice', which in turn comes from "θυσία" (thysia), meaning 'sacrifice' or 'offering'. It literally means 'place of sacrifice'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH
Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: POL-lah
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G4395
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-ay-fay-TEV-sen
Translations: prophesied, he prophesied, she prophesied, it prophesied
Notes: This word means to prophesy, to foretell, or to speak under divine inspiration. It describes the act of delivering a message from God or predicting future events. It is used in sentences to indicate that someone has spoken prophetically.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΧΡΗΣΜΩΔΕΩ
Etymology: The word comes from πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "forth," and φημί (phēmi), meaning "to speak." Thus, it literally means "to speak forth" or "to speak before (hand)."
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-tah
Translations: such things, such, of such a kind, these things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context, indicating their nature or quality. It often functions as a substantive, meaning 'such things' or 'people of such a kind'.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAY
Translations: (to) a king, (to) the king
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a king or ruler. It is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also indicate association or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to βάσις (basis, 'foundation') or from a pre-Greek substrate word.
G2657
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-no-EE-say-eh
Translations: he might observe, he might perceive, he might consider, he might understand, he might discern
Notes: This word means to observe, perceive, consider, or understand something thoroughly. It implies a careful and deliberate act of noticing or comprehending. It is often used in contexts where someone is urged to pay close attention or to grasp the full meaning of a situation or statement.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Optative, Active
Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly', and the verb νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand'. The combination suggests a thorough or complete understanding.
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G2150
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-SEB-eh-yan
Translations: piety, godliness, devotion, a piety, a godliness
Notes: This word refers to piety, godliness, or devotion, particularly in the context of reverence towards God or the gods. It describes a proper attitude and conduct towards the divine, often encompassing moral uprightness and religious observance. It is used to describe the quality of being devout or reverent.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΕΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kleh-oh-PAH-tras
Translations: of Cleopatra
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun "Cleopatra." It refers to a female individual named Cleopatra, often a queen or a prominent figure. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as "the kingdom of Cleopatra" or "the daughter of Cleopatra."
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FESS
Translations: of a sister, of the sister, of sister
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a female sibling, a sister. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a female fellow believer, a fellow countrywoman, or a close female associate. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: HAYS
Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what
Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G0479
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-te-GRA-psan
Translations: they copied, they wrote back, they replied, they answered
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning "to copy" or "to write back/reply." It is formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning "against" or "in return," and the verb γράφω (grapho), meaning "to write." In context, it often refers to making a copy of a document or sending a written response to someone.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ
Etymology: The word ἀντιγράφω is a compound of ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against, opposite, in return for', and γράφω (grapho), meaning 'to write'. The combination signifies writing in response or writing a copy.
G1992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-toh-LEES
Translations: of a letter, of a message, of an epistle
Notes: This is a noun referring to a letter, message, or epistle. It is used to denote written communication sent from one person or group to another. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to a written document.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑ, ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-an
Translations: sin, a sin, trespass, offense, guilt
Notes: This word refers to a sin, a trespass, or an offense against God's law or moral principles. It is often used in the context of moral or religious wrongdoing. It can be used to describe an act of sin or the state of being sinful.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-MOO
Translations: of law, of a law, law
Notes: This word refers to a law, principle, or custom. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Mosaic Law, but can also denote a general principle or rule. It is used to describe a standard of conduct or a body of regulations.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΚΑΝΩΝ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to parcel out, distribute'. It refers to that which is assigned or appointed, hence a custom or law.
G3847
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-BA-sin
Translations: transgression, a transgression, violation, a violation, breaking, a breaking
Notes: This word refers to a transgression, a violation, or a breaking of a law, command, or agreement. It implies stepping across a boundary or going beyond what is permitted. It is often used in a moral or legal context to describe an act of disobedience or sin.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LEEN
Translations: head, a head
Notes: This word refers to the physical head of a body. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a leader, chief, or origin, depending on the context, such as 'the head of a household' or 'the head of a river'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'head' or 'top' in other Indo-European languages.
G0399
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NEH-theh-sahn
Translations: they dedicated, they set up, they offered, they devoted
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀνατίθημι (anatithēmi). It is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and τίθημι (tithēmi, meaning 'to place' or 'to set'). It generally means to set up, dedicate, or offer something, often to a deity or for a specific purpose. It describes an action completed in the past.
Inflection: Third person plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΡΩΣΑΝ, ΕΣΤΗΣΑΝ
Etymology: The verb ἀνατίθημι is formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. Its etymology reflects the action of setting something up or placing it in a prominent position, often with a sense of dedication.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS
Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign
Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PTO-le-my-os
Translations: Ptolemy
Notes: Ptolemy is a common Greek proper name, most famously associated with the Ptolemaic dynasty of Hellenistic pharaohs who ruled Egypt after the death of Alexander the Great. It is used to refer to a specific individual named Ptolemy.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Ptolemy is derived from the ancient Greek word 'πόλεμος' (polemos), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. It is thought to mean 'warlike' or 'aggressive'.
G0938
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEE-ssah
Translations: queen, a queen
Notes: This word refers to a female monarch, a sovereign ruler of a kingdom, or the wife of a king. It is used to denote a woman holding the highest rank in a royal family or government.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (BASILEUS), meaning 'king', with the feminine suffix -ισσα (-issa).
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: OH-nee-as
Translations: Onias
Notes: This word refers to Onias, a common name for several Jewish High Priests during the Hellenistic period, particularly mentioned in the books of Maccabees. It is used as a proper name for an individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Onias is of Hebrew origin, derived from the name Yochanan (John), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious'. It was hellenized into Onias.
G5463
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: khai-REIN
Translations: to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.
G0320
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-GNO-men
Translations: we read, we have read
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (aná, "up, again") and γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, "to know, perceive"). In this form, it means "to read" or "to recognize by reading." It is used to describe the act of perusing written text.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΓΡΑΦΩ
G0515
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tos
Translations: deserving, worthy, asking, requesting, demanding, claiming, thinking worthy, deeming worthy, considering worthy
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to deem worthy' or 'to ask'. It describes someone who is deserving of something, or who is asking, requesting, or demanding something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a rightful claim.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΈΩ
G2010
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-trap-AY-nai
Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit
Notes: This word means to permit, allow, or give permission. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone, implying a delegation of authority or responsibility. It is often used in contexts where one person grants another the right or ability to do something.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lee
Translations: (to) a city, (to) the city, (in) a city, (in) the city, (for) a city, (for) the city
Notes: This word refers to a city or town. As a dative case, it indicates location, direction towards, or the indirect object of an action. For example, it can mean 'in the city,' 'to the city,' or 'for the city,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G0353
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-kah-THAH-rai
Translations: to cleanse thoroughly, to purify, to purge, to clear out
Notes: This word describes the action of cleansing or purifying something completely, often implying a removal of impurities or undesirable elements. It can be used in a literal sense for physical cleaning or metaphorically for moral or spiritual purification. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to cleanse' or 'to purify' in English.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ἀνακαθαίρω (anakathairō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb καθαίρω (kathairō), meaning 'to cleanse' or 'to purify'.
G4377
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-ah-go-REH-oo-meh-non
Translations: named, called, addressed as
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'prosagoreuo', meaning 'to address' or 'to call by name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, often translated as 'being named' or 'being called'. It is used to indicate that something is referred to or known by a particular name or designation.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G1352
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which
Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.
G2296
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thav-MAH-zo-men
Translations: we wonder, we marvel, we are amazed
Notes: This word means to wonder, marvel, or be amazed. It is used to express astonishment, admiration, or surprise at something. It describes the state of being filled with wonder or awe.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΜΒΕΩ
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G5487
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: keh-kha-rees-MEH-non
Translations: graced, highly favored, endued with grace, a favored one
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been graced' or 'having received favor'. It describes someone or something that has been shown divine favor or grace, or has been made acceptable or pleasing. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to a person who is highly favored.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΥΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ
G2525
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-thih-DROO-soh-meh-non
Translations: that which will be established, about to be established, to be established
Notes: This word is a future passive participle derived from the verb 'καθιδρύω', meaning 'to establish' or 'to set down'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is 'about to be established' or 'that which will be established'. It indicates an action that will be done to the subject in the future.
Inflection: Future Passive Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word καθιδρύω (kathidryō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἱδρύω (hidryō), meaning 'to set', 'to place', or 'to establish'. The prefix κατά intensifies the action of setting or establishing.
G0766
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-sel-GAY-ee
Translations: to debauchery, to sensuality, to licentiousness, to wantonness, to unbridled lust, to outrageousness, to insolence, to shamelessness
Notes: This word refers to a lack of moral restraint, often characterized by excessive indulgence in sensual pleasures, unbridled lust, or outrageous and insolent behavior. It implies a public display of vice that is offensive to others. In the provided context, it appears to be in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' debauchery/licentiousness.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΚΟΛΑΣΙΑ, ἈΣΩΤΙΑ, ἈΚΡΑΣΙΑ
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-poh
Translations: to a place, in a place, at a place, a place
Notes: This word refers to a specific location, area, or region. It is often used to indicate where an action takes place or where something is situated. In the provided examples, it is used with the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', to denote a specific location.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G4134
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PLAY-ray
Translations: full, complete, filled, abundant, a full, a complete, a filled, an abundant
Notes: This word describes something that is full, complete, or abundant. It can refer to a container being full, a period of time being complete, or a person being filled with a certain quality or characteristic. It is often used to indicate a state of being entirely occupied or supplied.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΕΜΩΝ, ΜΕΣΤΟΣ
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEE-s
Translations: you say, you speak, you declare
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to indicate that someone is making a statement or expressing an opinion. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'You say that it is good' or 'You declare the truth'.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G2478
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hay-SAH-ee-ahn
Translations: Isaiah
Notes: This is the name of the Old Testament prophet Isaiah, whose book is included in the Bible. It is a proper noun referring to a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Yesha'yahu (יְשַׁעְיָהוּ), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Salvation of the Lord'.
G4396
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-fay-TEEN
Translations: prophet, a prophet
Notes: This word refers to a prophet, someone who speaks for God or interprets His will. It is often used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or foretell future events. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (before, in front of) and 'φημί' (to speak).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOO
Translations: (of) much, (of) many, (of) great, (of) a great deal
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much,' 'many,' or 'great.' It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or a partitive relationship, meaning 'of much' or 'of many.' It can modify both countable and uncountable nouns.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-noo
Translations: (of) time, time
Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.
G4280
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-ee-RAY-kay-nai
Translations: to have said beforehand, to have foretold, to have spoken previously
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive of the verb 'προερῶ' (proerō), meaning 'to say beforehand' or 'to foretell'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used to complete the meaning of another verb or to express purpose or result. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before', and 'ἐρῶ' (erō), meaning 'I will say' or 'I will speak'.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ
Etymology: The verb 'προερῶ' (proerō) is a compound of the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the future form of the verb 'ἐρῶ' (erō), meaning 'I will say' or 'I will speak'. The root of 'ἐρῶ' is related to the concept of speaking or saying.
G4784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-kho-ROO-men
Translations: we allow, we permit, we concede, we grant, we forgive
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'. In its combined form, it means to make room for someone or something, hence to allow, permit, or concede. It can also carry the sense of forgiving someone by letting go of a grievance. It is used to express giving permission or acknowledging a point.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, to go, to advance'. The combination implies making room together or giving way.
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEL-lee
Translations: is about to, intends to, will, shall, is going to, delays
Notes: This word indicates an action that is imminent or intended to happen. It often conveys the sense of 'to be about to' or 'to be on the point of'. It can also imply a delay or hesitation, depending on the context. It is frequently used with an infinitive to express future action or purpose.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΕΓΓΥΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOOT
Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SEH-sthai
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This word is the future infinitive form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies a future state of being, existence, or occurrence. It is often used in indirect statements or to express purpose or result, indicating what is going to be or what will happen.
Inflection: Future, Infinitive
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-mon
Translations: law, a law, rule, principle
Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KEIN
Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G1826
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-hay-mar-TEE-kay-nai
Translations: to have sinned, to have committed a sin, to have erred, to have missed the mark
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb ἐξαμαρτάνω (exhamartanō), meaning 'to sin completely' or 'to err greatly'. It describes an action of sinning or erring that has been completed and whose effects continue. It is often used in contexts discussing moral or spiritual failure.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΗΜΑΡΤΗΚΕΝΑΙ, ΠΕΠΛΑΝΗΚΕΝΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ἐξαμαρτάνω (exhamartanō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἐξ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'completely', and the verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin'.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: lah-BOHN
Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ
G2680
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tes-keh-YOO-ah-sen
Translations: he prepared, he made ready, he built, he constructed, he furnished, he equipped, he created
Notes: This word describes the act of preparing, making ready, building, or constructing something. It implies a deliberate and often thorough process of bringing something into existence or into a state of readiness. It can be used for building physical structures, preparing a way, or even creating something in a broader sense.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and σκευάζω (skeuazō, 'to prepare, make ready'), which comes from σκεῦος (skeuos, 'vessel, implement, equipment'). The word literally means 'to prepare thoroughly' or 'to equip fully'.
G0951
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BOH-mon
Translations: altar, an altar
Notes: This word refers to an altar, a raised structure or place on which sacrifices are offered or incense is burned to a deity. It is typically used in contexts related to religious worship or rituals.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HO-moy-on
Translations: like, similar, a like thing, a similar thing
Notes: This word describes something that is similar or like something else. It is used to compare two things, indicating that they share characteristics or appearance. For example, one might say 'the house is like a castle' to describe its grandeur.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G3398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mee-kroh-TEH-ron
Translations: smaller, a smaller, less, a less
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'small' or 'little'. It means 'smaller' or 'less' and is used to indicate a lesser degree of size, quantity, or importance compared to something else. It can be used to describe nouns of any gender and in various cases, depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Comparative
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΗΣΣΩΝ
G3993
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: peh-nee-KHRO-teh-ron
Translations: poorer, more needy, a poorer thing, a more needy thing
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'penichros', meaning 'poor' or 'needy'. It describes something as being in a more impoverished or destitute state compared to something else. It is used to indicate a lesser quality or abundance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative
Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΕΝΔΕΕΣΤΕΡΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'penichros' comes from 'penes' (G3993), meaning 'poor' or 'needy', which is related to 'penia' (G3994), meaning 'poverty'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3358
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-trah
Translations: measures, a measure, measure, standard, limit, quantity
Notes: This word refers to a standard of measurement, a quantity, or a limit. It can be used to describe physical measurements, but also abstract concepts like a standard of conduct or a limit to something. In the provided examples, it refers to physical measurements or limits.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ, ΜΕΓΕΘΟΣ
G4632
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKEV-ee
Translations: vessel, a vessel, instrument, an instrument, implement, an implement, goods, baggage, equipment, furniture
Notes: This word refers to an object or implement used for a particular purpose, such as a container (vessel), a tool (instrument), or personal belongings (goods, baggage). It can also refer to household items or equipment. It is often used in the plural to denote a collection of such items.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΞΑΡΤΥΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΑ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: The word derives from the verb σκευάζω (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, make ready, or equip'. It is related to the idea of things that are prepared or made for use.
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOX-eh
Translations: it seemed, it was decided, it pleased, it seemed good
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seemed' or 'it was decided', especially in the sense of a decision or a judgment that was made. It can also convey the idea of something being pleasing or appearing good to someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive'. It developed in Greek to refer to what seems or appears to be the case, and then to what is decided or thought to be good.
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: day-LOO-n
Translations: to make clear, to show, to reveal, to declare, to signify, to make known
Notes: This verb means to make something clear, evident, or known. It is used to indicate the act of revealing information, demonstrating a truth, or signifying a meaning. It can be used in contexts where one person or thing makes something understandable to another.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΜΗΝΥΩ
Etymology: From δῆλος (dēlos, "clear, evident").
G1442
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: EV-doh-mee
Translations: seventh, a seventh, the seventh
Notes: This word refers to the ordinal number 'seventh'. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as being the seventh in a sequence, or as a noun referring to the seventh day, week, or other unit of time, especially in the feminine form. For example, it could refer to the seventh day of the week (Sabbath) or the seventh month.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word ἑπτά (hepta), meaning 'seven'.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-bloh
Translations: (to) a book, (to) a scroll, (to) a volume, (to) a record
Notes: This word refers to a book, scroll, or any written document. It is used to denote a collection of writings, often in the form of a roll or scroll in ancient times. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or location of an action, such as 'in the book' or 'according to the book'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΗ, ΔΕΛΤΟΣ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-kohn
Translations: Jewish, of the Jews, of Jewish things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Jewish' or 'pertaining to the Jews'. It describes something that is characteristic of or originates from the Jewish people or their culture. It is often used to refer to Jewish customs, laws, or writings.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Etymology: From Ἰουδαία (Ioudaia), meaning 'Judea', which is derived from Ἰούδας (Ioudas), meaning 'Judah'. The suffix -ικος (-ikos) forms adjectives indicating origin or relation.
G0325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-geh-GRAHP-tai
Translations: it has been written, it has been recorded, it is written, it is recorded
Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'anagrapho'. It means 'it has been written' or 'it has been recorded'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present, emphasizing the state of being written or recorded. It is often used to refer to something that is found in written documents or scriptures.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΠΤΑΙ, ΕΓΓΕΓΡΑΠΤΑΙ
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EW-ren
Translations: found
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it found' or 'they found'. It describes the action of discovering or locating something. It is used to indicate that an action of finding was completed in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΕΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is used to denote the Jewish people collectively or individually. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the focus of a statement.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nas
Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things
Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ho-MOY-oos
Translations: like, similar, resembling, a like, a similar
Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to indicate a comparison or likeness between two or more entities. For example, one might say 'He is like his father' or 'The two objects are similar'.
Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word 'homos' (same, common).
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G1563
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KAY
Translations: there, in that place
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'there' or 'in that place'. It is used to indicate a specific location that has been previously mentioned or is understood from the context. It can describe where an action takes place or where something is situated.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΝΘΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *eke- (that, there).
G2356
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: thrays-KEV-son-tas
Translations: those who will worship, those who will serve, those who will perform religious rites
Notes: This word is a future active participle derived from the verb 'to worship' or 'to perform religious service'. It describes individuals who are going to engage in acts of worship or religious devotion. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun (often implied) to indicate future action related to religious practice.
Inflection: Future, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΘΡΗΣΚΕΥΩ (thrēskeuō) comes from ΘΡΗΣΚΟΣ (thrēskos), meaning 'religious' or 'pious', which itself is related to ΘΡΗΣΚΕΙΑ (thrēskeia), meaning 'religion' or 'worship'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain but it refers to the performance of religious duties.
G2413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO
Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
G0714
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ar-KOON-tohs
Translations: sufficiently, enough, adequately
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'sufficiently' or 'enough'. It indicates that something is present or done to the required or desired degree, without being excessive or lacking. It is used to modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, describing the manner or extent of an action or quality.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΩΣ, ΕΞΑΡΚΟΥΝΤΩΣ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: deh-DEH-loh-tai
Translations: it has been made clear, it has been shown, it has been declared, it has been revealed
Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear,' 'to show,' or 'to declare.' In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present, specifically that something 'has been made clear' or 'has been shown.' It is used to state a fact that is now evident or established.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ
G4540
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-mah-RAYS
Translations: Samaritans
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Samaria, a region in ancient Palestine. They were a distinct ethno-religious group with their own version of the Pentateuch and a temple on Mount Gerizim, often in conflict with the Jews.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gah-ri-ZEIN
Translations: Gerizim, Mount Gerizim
Notes: This word refers to Mount Gerizim, a sacred mountain in Samaria. It is often mentioned in historical and religious texts, particularly in the context of the Samaritans who consider it their holy place, in contrast to Jerusalem for the Jews. The phrase 'ἐν Γαριζειν' means 'in Gerizim' or 'on Mount Gerizim'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name 'Gerizim' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the root 'garaz' meaning 'to cut off' or 'to divide'. It refers to the mountain's geographical features or its historical role as a place of division.
G4352
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-eh-ky-NOO-oon
Translations: they were worshiping, they were bowing down, they were prostrating themselves
Notes: This word describes the act of showing reverence or homage, typically by bowing down, prostrating oneself, or kissing the ground. It can refer to worshiping God or showing respect to a king or a person of authority. In the provided context, it describes people bowing down to someone, likely a king, as a sign of respect or obedience.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ
Etymology: The word προσκυνέω (proskyneō) is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'in the direction of', and κυνέω (kyneō), meaning 'to kiss'. Thus, it literally means 'to kiss towards' or 'to kiss the ground towards someone', signifying an act of reverence or submission.
G223
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo
Translations: of Alexander
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHROH-noos
Translations: times, periods, seasons
Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, a season, or an appointed time. It is often used to denote a duration or a sequence of events. In a sentence, it would indicate the extent or timing of an action or state.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΥΣ, ΑΙΩΝΑΣ
G4845
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell
Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.
G4714
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stah-see-AH-sai
Translations: to rebel, to revolt, to cause to revolt, to cause dissension, to stir up sedition
Notes: This word describes the act of rebelling, revolting, or causing dissension among people. It implies stirring up conflict or sedition, often against an authority or established order. It can also mean to cause others to rebel or to be in a state of rebellion.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΕΩ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G4424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ptoh-leh-MAH-ee-oo
Translations: of Ptolemy
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun "Ptolemy," a common name for several kings of Egypt and other historical figures. It indicates possession or origin, meaning "of Ptolemy" or "Ptolemy's."
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1252
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-KREE-non-toh
Translations: they were disputing, they were judging, they were distinguishing, they were wavering, they were hesitating, they were contending, they were separating themselves
Notes: This is a verb meaning to separate, distinguish, judge, dispute, or waver. It describes an action where individuals are engaged in a process of discernment, judgment, or disagreement. In some contexts, it can imply a state of internal conflict or hesitation, while in others, it refers to a clear separation or contention between parties.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΜΦΙΣΒΗΤΕΩ, ΔΙΣΤΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word διακρίνω (diakrinō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-GON-tohn
Translations: (of) saying, (of) speaking, (of) telling, (of) relating, (of) calling, (of) naming
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'those who are saying' or 'of those who are speaking'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the action of a group of people who are speaking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ
G3475
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: moy-SEE-os
Translations: of Moses
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Moses'. Moses was a central figure in the Old Testament, revered as a prophet and lawgiver who led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and delivered the Ten Commandments from God.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-MOOS
Translations: laws, a law
Notes: This word refers to a law, custom, or principle. It is often used in the plural to refer to a body of laws, such as the Mosaic Law. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΕΣΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-ee-ko-do-MEH-sthai
Translations: to have been built, to be built, to have been constructed, to be constructed
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. As a perfect passive infinitive, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, with the subject of the verb being the recipient of the action. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demō), meaning 'to build'. It is used to express the idea of something having been built or constructed.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
G4540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-ohn
Translations: of Samaritans, Samaritans
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Samaria, a region in ancient Palestine. The Samaritans were a distinct ethno-religious group, often viewed with animosity by the Jews. This form of the word is the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, meaning 'of the Samaritans'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
G3870
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-ek-AL-eh-san
Translations: they called to, they exhorted, they encouraged, they comforted, they appealed to, they pleaded with, they invited
Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist active indicative, third person plural. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people. The verb 'παρακαλέω' generally means to call someone to one's side, and from that, it can take on various meanings depending on the context, such as to exhort, encourage, comfort, appeal to, or invite. It often implies a strong request or a supportive action.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LOYS
Translations: to friends, for friends, with friends
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'friend'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, showing to whom or for whom something is done, or with whom an action is performed. For example, it could mean 'to friends' when giving something, or 'with friends' when associating with them.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΙΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΙΣ
G2523
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-THEE-san-tah
Translations: having sat down, having taken a seat, having caused to sit, having appointed
Notes: This is an aorist active participle of the verb καθίζω (kathizō), meaning 'to sit down,' 'to cause to sit,' or 'to appoint.' As a participle, it functions adjectivally or adverbially, describing an action completed in the past relative to the main verb. It indicates someone who has performed the action of sitting or being seated, or someone who has caused another to sit or has been appointed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΕΔΡΑΣΑΝΤΑ
Etymology: The word καθίζω (kathizō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down,' and the verb ἵζω (hizō), meaning 'to sit.' Thus, it literally means 'to sit down.'
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-sai
Translations: to hear, to listen, to understand
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to hear'. It signifies the action of hearing or listening, often implying a completed or simple act of hearing, without emphasis on the duration of the action. It can also mean to understand or perceive through hearing.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ἘΝΩΤΙΖΕΣΘΑΙ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goos
Translations: words, sayings, accounts, messages, statements, reports
Notes: This word is the plural accusative form of 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. In this form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'words' or 'accounts' that are being acted upon. It can refer to spoken words, written accounts, or even divine pronouncements.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΕΠΗ, ΜΥΘΟΙ
G2274
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: het-tay-THEN-tas
Translations: defeated, having been defeated, conquered, having been conquered
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hēttaomai', meaning 'to be defeated' or 'to be conquered'. It describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being defeated. It is used to refer to those who have suffered a loss or have been overcome in a conflict or contest.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗΘΕΝΤΑΣ, ΗΤΤΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tha-NA-toh
Translations: (to) death, (by) death, (with) death
Notes: This word refers to death, the cessation of life. It is often used in contexts describing the act of dying, the state of being dead, or the power of death. In this inflected form, it typically indicates the dative case, meaning 'to death,' 'by death,' or 'with death,' depending on the preceding preposition or the verb it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ, ΑΠΟΒΙΩΣΙΣ
G2210
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: zay-mee-OH-sai
Translations: to suffer loss, to forfeit, to punish, to fine, to be penalized
Notes: This word means to suffer loss, to be penalized, or to be punished. It can also mean to fine someone or to cause someone to suffer loss. It is often used in contexts where there is a consequence for an action, resulting in a penalty or forfeiture.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩ, ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ
Etymology: The verb ΖΗΜΙΟΩ (zēmioō) comes from the noun ΖΗΜΙΑ (zēmia), meaning 'damage, loss, penalty'.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G4518
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sab-BAH-yos
Translations: Sabbaios
Notes: This is a proper name, likely derived from the Hebrew word for Sabbath. It refers to a specific individual named Sabbaios.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Sabbaios is of Hebrew origin, derived from the word for 'Sabbath'. It was a common name among Jews.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-poy-AY-sah-toh
Translations: made, did, performed, accomplished, produced, caused, made for himself, did for himself
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often implies that the action is done by the subject for themselves, or for their own benefit, or that the subject is involved in the result of the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as making something, performing an action, or causing an event.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: theh-oh-DOH-see-os
Translations: Theodosius
Notes: Theodosius is a male proper name of Greek origin. It means 'given by God' or 'God-given'. It was a common name in the Roman and Byzantine Empires, notably borne by several emperors. It is used to refer to a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Theodosius is derived from the Greek words 'theos' (θεός), meaning 'God', and 'dosis' (δόσις), meaning 'giving' or 'gift'.
G2415
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-roh-soh-loo-MEE-tohn
Translations: (of) Jerusalemites, (of) inhabitants of Jerusalem
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants or residents of Jerusalem. It is used to describe people who are from or associated with the city of Jerusalem.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word is derived from 'Ιεροσόλυμα' (Hierosolyma), the Greek name for Jerusalem, and the suffix '-ίτης' (-ites), which denotes an inhabitant or a person belonging to a place.
G0406
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: An-dro-NI-kos
Translations: Andronicus
Notes: This is a male personal name of Greek origin. It refers to a specific individual named Andronicus. It is used in sentences to identify this person as the subject or object of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Andronicus is derived from the Greek words ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man', and νίκη (nikē), meaning 'victory'. Thus, it means 'victorious man' or 'man of victory'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: meh-sah-LAH-moo
Translations: Mesalamus, of Mesalamus
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name. It is presented in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, similar to 'of Mesalamus'. It is not a common Koine Greek word found in standard lexicons, suggesting it might be a less common name, a transliteration from another language, or potentially a variant spelling. Without further context, its exact meaning or origin is difficult to ascertain, but it functions as a name within a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of 'Mesalamus' is not readily available in standard Greek lexicons. It may be a name of foreign origin or a less documented Greek name.
G3660
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OH-moh-san
Translations: they swore, they did swear, they took an oath
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they swore' or 'they took an oath'. It describes the act of making a solemn promise or declaration, often invoking a divine witness or a sacred object. It is typically used in contexts where an agreement, covenant, or testimony is being formally established.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΟΜΝΥΩ, ΟΡΚΙΖΩ
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G3376, G3378
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: MAYN
Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly
Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.
Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ
Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-ay-SESTH-ay
Translations: to make, to do, to perform, to create, to produce
Notes: This word is the future middle infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. In the middle voice, the action is performed by the subject for its own benefit or on itself. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to make' or 'to do' in English, often used after verbs like 'to wish', 'to be able', or 'to intend'. It indicates an action that will be done by the subject for themselves or with themselves as the object.
Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G0585
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-seis
Translations: proofs, demonstrations, evidences
Notes: This word refers to a clear showing, a demonstration, or a proof. It is used to denote evidence or arguments that establish the truth or validity of something. It can be used in contexts where something is being proven or made evident.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΟΙ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑΙ, ΤΕΚΜΗΡΙΑ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G2983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-bay
Translations: handle, a handle, hold, a hold, opportunity, an opportunity, occasion, an occasion
Notes: This word refers to a handle or anything that can be grasped. Metaphorically, it can mean an 'occasion' or 'opportunity' to do something, especially to find fault or take advantage of a situation. It implies having a 'hold' or 'grip' on something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΦΟΡΜΗ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to grasp'. It refers to that by which something is taken or held.
G3845
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pa-ra-BAH-ee-non-ta
Translations: transgressing, violating, going beyond, going aside, passing by, a transgressor, one who transgresses
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'παραβαίνω'. It describes someone or something that is currently in the act of transgressing, violating, or going beyond a boundary or rule. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive noun meaning 'one who transgresses' or 'a transgressor'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΟΝΤΑ, ΑΝΟΜΟΥΝΤΑ
G3727
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OR-koos
Translations: oaths
Notes: This word refers to solemn promises or declarations, often made with an appeal to a divine being or a sacred object. It is used to denote a formal pledge or a sworn statement. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating what is being sworn or pledged.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ
G0615
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pok-TEI-nee
Translations: kill, slay, put to death
Notes: This word means to kill or slay, often with the implication of putting someone to death. It is used in various contexts to describe the act of taking a life. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill'.
Inflection: Present, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOOS
Translations: many, much, great
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many', 'much', or 'great'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. In this form, it functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating that 'many' people or things are being acted upon.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΑΦΘΟΝΟΣ
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LON
Translations: of friends, friends
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of friends' or simply 'friends' when the context implies possession or association. For example, 'the house of friends' or 'among friends'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G4824
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sym-boo-LEE-an
Translations: counsel, advice, a counsel, an advice, plan, purpose
Notes: This word refers to counsel or advice, a plan, or a purpose. It is often used in contexts where someone is seeking or giving guidance, or when a decision or intention is being discussed. It can also refer to the act of deliberating or consulting.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
G3880
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN
Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ
G2523
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAH-thi-sen
Translations: he sat down, she sat down, it sat down, he took his seat, she took her seat, it took its seat
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it sat down' or 'he/she/it took a seat'. It describes a completed action of sitting in the past. It is often used to indicate someone taking a position, such as sitting on a throne or on the ground.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-koo-SOH-meh-nos
Translations: about to hear, going to hear, who will hear
Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes someone who is 'about to hear' or 'going to hear' something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating an action that is imminent or intended in the future. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man about to hear the news'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Future, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΩΝ
G5177
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: TIN-kha-non-tes
Translations: obtaining, happening, meeting, attaining, reaching, getting, receiving, being, becoming, falling upon
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ. It describes someone or something that is in the process of obtaining, happening, meeting, or attaining something. It can also mean 'to be' or 'to become' in certain contexts, or 'to fall upon' in the sense of encountering. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to describe an ongoing action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G0073
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-goh-NEE-ohn
Translations: was in agony, was greatly distressed, struggled, contended, fought
Notes: This is a verb describing a state of intense struggle, distress, or agony. It can refer to mental anguish, physical exertion, or a strenuous contest. It implies a deep and often painful effort, whether in a literal fight or a metaphorical struggle against circumstances or internal conflict.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΓΩΝΊΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΓΩΝΊΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἀγωνιάω (agōniaō) is derived from ἀγωνία (agōnia), meaning 'agony' or 'struggle', which itself comes from ἀγών (agōn), referring to a 'contest' or 'assembly'.
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DROHN
Translations: of men
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), which means 'man' or 'husband'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of men' or 'belonging to men'. It is used to refer to adult males collectively.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'man'.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OYS
Translations: to whom, to which, to what
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.
G0026
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-gah-NAK-tayn
Translations: to be indignant, to be vexed, to be annoyed, to be displeased, to be angry
Notes: This verb describes the feeling of indignation, annoyance, or displeasure. It implies a strong emotional reaction, often righteous anger or vexation, at something perceived as unjust or offensive. It can be used to express a sense of outrage or frustration.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΧΟΛΑΩ
G4846
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-BAH-ee-nen
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it resulted, it turned out, it befell
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (to go). It means 'to go together with' or 'to come together', and by extension, 'to happen', 'to occur', or 'to turn out'. It describes an event or outcome that takes place, often implying a natural or logical consequence. It is frequently used impersonally, as in 'it happened that...' or 'it came to pass that...'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Its meaning evolved from 'to go together' to 'to come to pass' or 'to happen'.
G5464
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: kha-le-POSS
Translations: with difficulty, hardly, severely, fiercely, dangerously, grievously, badly
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'difficult' or 'hard'. It describes an action or state as being done with great difficulty, severity, or danger. It can indicate that something is hard to bear, hard to do, or that it causes great trouble or pain.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ)
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΣ, ΒΑΡΕΩΣ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-feh-ron
Translations: they were carrying, they were bringing, they brought, they bore
Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to carry" or "to bring." It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that "they" were in the process of carrying or bringing something. It can also imply that they brought something to a specific place.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G2647
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-ly-SOO-sin
Translations: they will destroy, they will overthrow, they will pull down, they will abolish, they will lodge, they will stay
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λύω (lyō, meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'). It means to pull down, demolish, or destroy, often referring to buildings or institutions. It can also mean to abolish laws or customs. In a different context, it can mean to lodge or stay overnight, as in breaking one's journey. The specific meaning depends on the context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek κατά (katá, 'down, against') and λύω (lýō, 'to loose, to release').
G0744
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ar-KHAH-ee-on
Translations: ancient, old, former, an ancient thing, an old thing
Notes: This word describes something that is old, from a long time ago, or original. It refers to things that existed in the past or are of long standing. It can be used to describe people, objects, or concepts that are not new.
Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning' or 'first cause', combined with the suffix -αῖος (-aios) which forms adjectives indicating origin or belonging. Thus, it refers to something pertaining to the beginning or ancient times.
G1266
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-ah-SEE-moh-tah-ton
Translations: most notable, very famous, a most notable thing, a very famous thing
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'διάσημος' (diasēmos), meaning 'notable' or 'famous'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of the quality, thus 'most notable' or 'very famous'. It is used to describe something that stands out significantly or is widely recognized. In this form, it is a neuter singular adjective, which can function as a predicate adjective or modify a neuter noun, often implying 'a most notable thing' or 'that which is most famous'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΤΑΤΟΝ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΤΑΤΟΝ
Etymology: The word διάσημος (diasēmos) is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'sign' or 'mark'. The combination suggests something that is 'marked out' or 'distinguished', leading to the meaning of 'notable' or 'famous'.
G3625
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nen
Translations: the inhabited earth, the world, the Roman Empire
Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, often specifically the Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament. It can also refer more generally to the entire world or a specific region that is populated. It is used to describe the scope of events or authority, such as a decree affecting the whole world.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΓΗ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present passive participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' or 'that which is inhabited'.
G5225
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon
Translations: being, existing, belonging, possessions, a possession
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'υπάρχω', meaning 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to belong'. As a participle, it describes something that is currently in a state of being or existing. It can also function as a substantive (a noun), referring to one's possessions or belongings, or that which exists.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'υπάρχω' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb 'ἄρχω' (archo), meaning 'to begin', 'to rule', or 'to be first'. Together, it conveys the sense of 'to begin to be', 'to come into being', or 'to exist from the beginning'.
G4518
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sab-BAH-ee-oo
Translations: of Sabbaios
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Sabbaios, which refers to a male individual. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'Sabbaios's' or 'belonging to Sabbaios' in English. For example, 'the house of Sabbaios'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Sabbaios is of Aramaic origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Sabbath', meaning 'rest'. It was a common name among Jews.
G2317
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: theh-oh-DOH-see-oo
Translations: of Theodosius
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name Theodosius. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Theodosius' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Theodosius is of Greek origin, derived from the words 'theos' (God) and 'dosis' (giving), meaning 'God-given' or 'given by God'.
G4784
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: soong-kho-RAY-san-ton
Translations: of having agreed, of having granted, of having forgiven, of having allowed, of having permitted
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συγχορέω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It means 'to agree with', 'to grant', 'to forgive', 'to allow', or 'to permit'. As a genitive plural participle, it indicates that the action of agreeing, granting, or forgiving was performed by multiple individuals, and it is used in a possessive or descriptive sense, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ
G0408
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-dro-NEE-ko
Translations: (to) Andronicus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name Andronicus. It was a common Greek name, meaning 'man of victory' or 'victorious man'. In the New Testament, Andronicus is mentioned by Paul in Romans 16:7 as a kinsman and fellow prisoner, who was 'outstanding among the apostles' and 'in Christ before me'. As a proper noun, it is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-toh
Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, before, at the first, in the first
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'first' or 'foremost'. It is used to indicate something that is initial in time, order, or importance. In the dative case, as seen here, it often translates to 'at the first' or 'in the first' when referring to a time or place, or 'to the first' when indicating direction or recipient.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *per-, meaning 'forward' or 'through'. It is the superlative form of 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-ay-SAH-sthai
Translations: to make for oneself, to do for oneself, to cause to be done, to perform, to accomplish
Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). In the middle voice, the action of the verb is performed by the subject for its own benefit or with a direct involvement of the subject in the result. Therefore, it means 'to make for oneself' or 'to do for oneself', often implying an action that the subject causes to happen or performs for their own advantage or interest.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΙ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΣΘΑΙ
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh
Translations: began, started
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.
G0585
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-seh-ohn
Translations: of proof, of demonstration, of evidence, of conviction
Notes: This word refers to a clear and convincing proof, demonstration, or evidence that establishes the truth of something. It implies a logical and conclusive argument or a factual showing that leaves no room for doubt. It is used in contexts where something is being proven or demonstrated.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
G1245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-DOKH-ohn
Translations: of successors, of heirs, of those who follow
Notes: This word refers to those who follow in succession, such as heirs, successors to a throne or office, or those who come after in a sequence. It is used to describe a group of people who take the place of others.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΟΝΩΝ
Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'after', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive'. It literally means 'one who receives in succession'.
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohn
Translations: of high priests, of chief priests
Notes: This word refers to those who hold the highest priestly office. In ancient Israel, this was the head of the priesthood, responsible for leading religious ceremonies and sacrifices. In the New Testament, it often refers to the leading members of the Jewish priestly class, including the high priest and other prominent priests.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.
G1538
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Part of Speech: Pronominal Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EK-as-tos
Translations: each, every, every one, everyone
Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every' and refers to individual members within a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It is used to single out every single person or thing from a larger collection. For example, 'each person' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown origin, possibly related to ἕκας (hekas, 'far off').
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAH-tros
Translations: of a father, of the father, of a parent, of the parent, of God, of the Lord
Notes: This word refers to a father or parent. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of a father' or 'of the father'. In a theological context, it can refer to God as the Father.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ
G5092
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tee-MEN
Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, dignity, a sum, a reward
Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or dignity. It can also denote a price, value, or a sum of money paid for something. It is used to describe the esteem in which someone or something is held, or the monetary worth of an item.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΜΙΣΘΟΣ
G1551
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ek-DEK-sah-me-nos
Translations: waiting for, expecting, receiving, accepting, awaiting, enduring
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ekdechomai', meaning to wait for, expect, or receive. It describes an action of anticipating or taking something upon oneself. It can be used to describe someone who is waiting for an event or person, or someone who is receiving or accepting something.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΑΝΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G0757
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ER-xeh
Translations: began, ruled, reigned
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'archō'. It means 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it ruled/reigned'. It is used to describe an action that started or a period of leadership that commenced in the past.
Inflection: Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'archō' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to begin, to rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-oo
Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples
Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G0773
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-SEE-as
Translations: of Asia
Notes: This word refers to Asia, specifically the Roman province of Asia in the New Testament, which covered the western part of modern-day Turkey. It can also refer to the continent of Asia more broadly. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of Asia' or 'those from Asia'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Latin Asia, from Greek Asia, likely from an Anatolian language, possibly referring to the land of the Assuwa confederation.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAYS
Translations: kings
Notes: This word refers to 'kings' or 'rulers'. It is the plural form of the noun 'king' (βασιλεύς). It is used to denote multiple monarchs or sovereign leaders.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G5091
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TEE-may-san
Translations: they honored, they valued, they esteemed
Notes: This word means to honor, to value, or to esteem someone or something. It is used to describe an action where a group of people showed respect, gave importance, or set a high price on something or someone in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ, ΑΓΑΠΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΑΩ (timaō) comes from the noun ΤΙΜΗ (timē), meaning 'honor' or 'value'. It is related to the concept of setting a price or worth.
G0334
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-na-THEE-ma-sin
Translations: (to) votive offerings, (to) dedications, (to) consecrated gifts
Notes: This word refers to a votive offering or a gift dedicated to a deity, often hung or placed in a temple as a sign of gratitude or a fulfilled vow. It is used to describe items consecrated for religious purposes.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΑΝΑΘΕΜΑ
G2986
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: lam-pro-TA-tais
Translations: most brilliant, most splendid, most radiant, most illustrious, most glorious
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the adjective 'λαμπρός' (lampros), meaning 'bright' or 'splendid'. As a superlative, it means 'most bright' or 'most splendid'. It describes something or someone that is exceedingly brilliant, radiant, or glorious. It is used to modify feminine plural nouns in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' these most brilliant entities.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine, Superlative
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΤΑΤΑΙΣ, ΦΑΝΟΤΑΤΑΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb λάμπω (lampō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to be bright'.
G1431
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doh-reh-AHS
Translations: gifts, a gift, presents
Notes: This word refers to a gift or present, something freely given. It is often used in a religious context to describe divine blessings or spiritual endowments. It can be used in sentences like 'He received many gifts' or 'They gave gifts to the poor.'
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΔΟΣΙΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tos
Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one
Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DACE
Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no
Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OOD
Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.
G1994
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-strof-AYN
Translations: return, a return, turning, a turning, conversion, a conversion, repentance, a repentance
Notes: This word refers to the act of turning around, either literally or figuratively. In a spiritual or moral sense, it signifies a turning back to God, a change of mind, or a conversion, often implying repentance. It is used to describe a decisive change in direction or allegiance.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΝΟΙΑ, ΑΝΑΣΤΡΟΦΗ
Etymology: From the verb ἐπιστρέφω (epistrephō), meaning 'to turn around, to return', which is itself formed from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and στρέφω (strephō, 'to turn').
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-MOY-ah
Translations: like, similar, resembling, a like thing, similar things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'like', 'similar', or 'resembling'. It is used to describe something that shares characteristics with another thing, often followed by a dative case noun to indicate what it is similar to. For example, 'ΟΜΟΙΑ τῷ θεῷ' would mean 'like God'.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Neuter, Plural, Nominative/Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PEI-thei
Translations: he persuades, she persuades, it persuades, he trusts, she trusts, it trusts, he obeys, she obeys, it obeys
Notes: This word means to persuade, to convince, or to win over. It can also mean to trust or to obey, especially in the perfect tense (πεποιθέναι) where it signifies a state of having been persuaded, hence trusting or being confident. It is used to describe the act of influencing someone's opinion or actions, or the state of being convinced or compliant.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΙΘΩ
G2919
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kree-NAI
Translations: to judge, to decide, to separate, to condemn, to rule
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'κρίνω'. It means 'to judge' or 'to decide' and is used to express the action of making a judgment, decision, or separation. It can also imply condemnation or ruling, depending on the context.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *krey- (to sift, discriminate, distinguish). It is related to words meaning 'to separate' or 'to discern'.
G0615
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-ok-TEI-nai
Translations: to kill, to slay, to put to death
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀποκτείνω'. It means 'to kill' or 'to slay'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used to express purpose, result, or as the object of another verb. For example, it can be translated as 'to kill' in a sentence like 'he came to kill'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, off') and κτείνω (kteinō, 'to kill'). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of the verb 'to kill'.
G4521
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: sahb-BAH-ee-on
Translations: Sabbath, a Sabbath, of the Sabbath, on the Sabbath
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a variant form of 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΝ' (Sabbaton), which means 'Sabbath'. It refers to the seventh day of the week, observed as a day of rest and worship by Jews. It can also refer to a week, as the period between two Sabbaths. In its adjectival sense, it would mean 'Sabbath-related' or 'of the Sabbath'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (if a noun); Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive or Dative (if an adjective or noun in plural context)
Synonyms: ΣΑΒΒΑΤΩΝ
G2324
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: theh-oh-DOH-see-on
Translations: Theodosius, a Theodosius
Notes: This is a proper noun, a male personal name of Greek origin, meaning 'given by God' or 'gift of God'. It was notably the name of several Roman emperors, most famously Theodosius I, who made Nicene Christianity the state religion of the Roman Empire. It is used to refer to a specific individual named Theodosius.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The name 'Theodosius' is derived from the Greek words 'theos' (θεός), meaning 'God', and 'dosis' (δόσις), meaning 'giving' or 'gift'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nah
Translations: having become, having come into being, having happened, things that have happened, events, happenings
Notes: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΑ is the aorist middle/passive participle of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' or 'to happen.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In its neuter plural form, it often refers to 'things that have happened' or 'events.' It can be used in various grammatical cases depending on its role in the sentence, often functioning as the subject or object of a clause.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ, ΣΥΜΒΑΝΤΑ
Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth.' It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
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