2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-REE-on

Translations: fortress, a fortress, stronghold, a stronghold, garrison, a garrison

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, stronghold, or a place where a military garrison is stationed. It is used to describe a secure and defensible structure, often built for protection or as a military base.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard, to watch over', which itself comes from φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard'. Thus, it denotes a place that is guarded or watched over.

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-eh-LOO-sah

Translations: having taken out, having rescued, having delivered, having removed, having plucked out, having drawn out

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having taken out' or 'having rescued'. It describes an action completed in the past, often functioning adverbially to describe the circumstances or cause of the main verb's action. It implies a decisive act of removal or liberation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΦΑΙΡΈΩ, ΡΎΟΜΑΙ, ἘΚΒΆΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐξαίρεω (exaireō), from ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, to choose').

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1256

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-LEKH-thay

Translations: he discussed, she discussed, it discussed, he disputed, she disputed, it disputed, he reasoned, she reasoned, it reasoned, he preached, she preached, it preached

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'apart') and λέγομαι (legomai, meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'). It means to discuss, dispute, reason, or preach, often implying a thorough or interactive exchange of words. It is used to describe someone engaging in a conversation, argument, or teaching session.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΖΗΤΕΩ, ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noys

Translations: to those, for those, with those, by those, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'those' or 'that one' (when singular). In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or a relationship of benefit or detriment. It can be translated as 'to those,' 'for those,' or 'with those,' depending on the context. It can refer to people or things previously mentioned or understood from the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓͂ΤΟΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ

G5087

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: theh-MEH-nee

Translations: having placed, having put, having laid, having set, having made, having appointed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has been completed. It often describes someone who has performed the action of placing, putting, or setting something. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the woman, having placed the book on the table...'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-roo

Translations: of a dead person, of a dead body, of a corpse, of the dead, of a dead man, dead

Notes: This word refers to something that is dead, or to a dead person or corpse. As a noun, it is used to speak about a deceased individual or a dead body. As an adjective, it describes something as being dead or lifeless. It is often used in contexts referring to physical death, but can also be used metaphorically for spiritual death or a state of being unresponsive.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΩΣ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3973

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-OW-sen

Translations: he stopped, he ceased, he rested, he refrained

Notes: This word means 'he stopped' or 'he ceased'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that someone brought an activity to an end or refrained from doing something. It is often used to describe the cessation of an action or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΛΗΓΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word παύω (paúō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- meaning 'to strike, to cut, to separate, to stop'. It is related to words signifying cessation or completion.

G2159

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EU-noos

Translations: well-disposed, favorable, loyal, friendly

Notes: This word describes someone who is well-disposed, favorable, or loyal towards another person or a cause. It implies a positive and supportive attitude. It is a compound word formed from εὖ (eu), meaning 'well', and νοῦς (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect', literally meaning 'well-minded'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΜΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΝΟΥΣ is a compound of εὖ (eu), meaning 'well', and νοῦς (nous), meaning 'mind'. It literally translates to 'well-minded' or 'having a good mind'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G3928

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-el-THON-tes

Translations: having passed by, having gone past, having gone away, having come to an end

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρέρχομαι', meaning 'to pass by', 'to go past', or 'to come to an end'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to indicate the manner or time of another action, or adjectivally to describe a noun. It implies movement beyond a point or the completion of a period.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G1215

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-day-may-go-ROON

Translations: they were speaking in public, they were addressing the assembly, they were making a speech

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'δημηγορέω' (dēmēgoreō), meaning 'to speak in public' or 'to address the assembly'. It describes the action of delivering a speech or addressing a crowd, often in a formal or political context. The form 'ἐδημηγοροῦν' indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, specifically that 'they were speaking in public' or 'they were making speeches'. It is a compound word formed from 'δῆμος' (dēmos, people) and 'ἀγορεύω' (agoreuō, to speak).

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G1334

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ay-goo-MEH-noy

Translations: telling, relating, recounting, narrating, describing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διηγέομαι', meaning 'to tell fully, to relate, to recount, or to narrate'. It describes an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to introduce a detailed account or explanation of events.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oss

Translations: righteous, just, upright, fair, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who acts morally and ethically, or to an action that is considered fair and equitable. When used as a noun, it refers to a righteous person.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It describes that which is in accordance with justice or right.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G3997

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEN-thoss

Translations: mourning, a mourning, grief, sorrow, lamentation

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep sorrow, grief, or lamentation, often expressed outwardly through weeping or other signs of distress. It is commonly used to describe the emotional response to death, loss, or disaster.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΟΣ, ΚΟΠΕΤΟΣ, ΛΥΠΗ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G2709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tee-FEY-ah

Translations: dejection, despondency, sadness, gloom, a dejection, a despondency

Notes: This word refers to a state of dejection, despondency, or sadness. It describes a feeling of gloom or downheartedness. It is often used to describe a visible expression of sorrow or a downcast countenance.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΗ, ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word κατηφής (katēphēs), meaning 'downcast', which is a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down', and φάος (phaos), meaning 'light' or 'brightness'. It literally means 'looking down' or 'downcast'.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G2749

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KAY-dehv-san

Translations: they buried, they took care of, they took charge of, they provided for

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to bury,' 'to take care of,' or 'to provide for.' It is used to describe actions related to caring for someone, especially in death, or generally looking after their needs. It is a compound word formed from κῆδος (kēdos), meaning 'care' or 'concern,' and the verbal suffix -εύω.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΘΑΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΝΟΕΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΚΗΔΕΥΩ (kēdeuō) is derived from the noun κῆδος (kēdos), which means 'care,' 'concern,' 'grief,' or 'funeral rites.' The suffix -εύω indicates a verb of action or state related to the root noun.

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G220

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LIH-pen

Translations: he left, he abandoned, he forsook, he remained, he bequeathed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb καταλείπω (kataleipō). It means 'he/she/it left behind,' 'abandoned,' 'forsook,' or 'remained.' It can also imply leaving something as an inheritance or legacy. It is used to describe an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word καταλείπω (kataleipō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon.'

G0713

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-TO-boo-lon

Translations: Aristobulus

Notes: This is a Greek proper name, meaning 'best counsel' or 'best advisor'. It was a common name in antiquity, borne by several historical figures, including members of the Herodian dynasty and a Jewish high priest. In a sentence, it would refer to a specific individual named Aristobulus, often as the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Aristobulus is derived from the Greek words 'aristos' (ἄριστος), meaning 'best' or 'excellent', and 'boulē' (βουλή), meaning 'counsel' or 'advice'.

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-THEH-toh

Translations: made a covenant, arranged, disposed, appointed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. In the middle voice, it often means 'to make a covenant' or 'to arrange for oneself'. It describes an action where someone sets something in order, often with a binding agreement or disposition.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G0772

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: as-theh-NEES

Translations: weak, feeble, sick, infirm, a weak person, a sick person

Notes: This word describes something or someone as weak, feeble, or sick. It can refer to physical weakness, illness, or a lack of strength or power in a broader sense. It can be used to describe a person's physical condition or a general state of being. When used as a noun, it refers to a weak or sick person.

Inflection: Singular, All genders, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ἈΡΡΩΣΤΟΣ, ἈΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and σθένος (sthenos, 'strength, might'). Thus, it literally means 'without strength'.

G2272

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-soo-KHEE-on

Translations: quiet, peaceful, tranquil, still, a quiet, a peaceful, a tranquil, a still

Notes: This word describes something or someone as quiet, peaceful, or tranquil. It can refer to a calm state of mind, a peaceful environment, or a person who is gentle and undisturbed. It is often used to describe a disposition that is free from agitation or disturbance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΡΕΜΟΣ, ΓΑΛΗΝΟΣ, ΠΡΑΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἥσυχος (hēsychos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *sed- meaning 'to sit', implying a state of being settled or at rest.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ee-gah-PAY-koss

Translations: having loved, having cherished, having esteemed, having been fond of

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'ἀγαπάω' (agapaō), meaning 'to love' or 'to cherish'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who has already performed the action of loving or cherishing. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, often translated as 'having loved' or 'one who has loved'. It can be used to modify a noun or pronoun, or to introduce a participial phrase.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΈΩ, ΣΤΈΡΓΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-OH-teh-ross

Translations: younger, newest, youngest, newer

Notes: This word is the comparative and superlative form of the adjective 'ΝΕΟΣ' (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'. As a comparative, it means 'younger' or 'newer'. As a superlative, it means 'youngest' or 'newest'. It is used to describe someone or something that is more recent in age or time compared to others, or the most recent among a group.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Comparative or Superlative

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

G0713

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-TOH-boo-los

Translations: Aristobulus

Notes: Aristobulus is a male proper name of Greek origin. It was a common name among Hellenistic rulers and prominent figures, including members of the Hasmonean dynasty and the family of Herod the Great. The name is a compound word meaning 'best counselor' or 'best-advising'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Ἀριστόβουλος (Aristoboulos) is derived from the Greek words ἄριστος (aristos), meaning 'best' or 'excellent', and βουλή (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'.

G1459

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dras-TEE-ree-os

Translations: active, effective, energetic, potent, powerful, capable

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is capable of action, effective, or powerful. It is used to characterize a person or thing that is active, efficient, or has a strong influence or capacity to achieve results.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΡΓΗΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word δραστήριος (drastērios) is derived from the Greek verb δράω (draō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. It describes something that is capable of doing or acting.

G2292

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: thar-sah-LEH-os

Translations: courageous, bold, confident, a courageous one, a bold one, a confident one

Notes: This word describes someone or something as being courageous, bold, or confident. It is used to express a state of fearlessness or assurance in the face of danger or difficulty. It can be used to modify nouns, indicating that the person or thing possesses these qualities.

Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΥΣ, ΕΥΘΑΡΣΗΣ, ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word θάρσος (tharsos), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness'. It describes someone possessing the quality of courage.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G1626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ay-MAR-ten

Translations: sinned, committed sin, missed the mark

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sin' or 'to miss the mark'. It describes the act of failing to meet a standard or deviating from a path, often with moral or ethical implications. It is used to indicate that someone has committed an offense or made a mistake.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ΕΞ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'completely', and the verb ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ (hamartano), meaning 'to miss the mark' or 'to sin'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of the root verb.

G1413

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doos-kheh-RAI-neen

Translations: to be displeased, to be annoyed, to be vexed, to be indignant, to be distressed, to be troubled

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be displeased, annoyed, or vexed. It describes a state of irritation or indignation. It is often used to express a strong negative reaction or feeling of discomfort towards something or someone. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and ΧΕΡΑΙΝΩ (cherainō), meaning 'to treat badly' or 'to be in a bad state'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΝΑΚΤΕΙΝ, ΛΥΠΕΙΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and ΧΕΡΑΙΝΩ (cherainō), which comes from ΧΕΙΡ (cheir), meaning 'hand', and originally referred to being 'badly off' or 'in a bad state' (as if having a bad hand). Over time, it evolved to mean 'to be displeased' or 'to be annoyed'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ah

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This word refers to a high priest, the chief religious official in ancient Israel. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It is used to denote the head of the priestly order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G0584

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-DEIK-noo-en

Translations: was showing, was demonstrating, was proving, was appointing, was declaring

Notes: This word describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means to show forth, to demonstrate, to prove, or to appoint someone to a position. It can also mean to declare or proclaim something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and δείκνυμι (deiknymi, "to show, to point out").

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-on

Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides

Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.

G0677

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PRAG-mon

Translations: quiet, peaceable, not meddling, not busy, free from public affairs, a quiet person, a peaceable person

Notes: This word describes someone who is quiet, peaceable, or not involved in public affairs. It can also refer to someone who is not meddlesome or overly busy. It is used to characterize a person's disposition or their lack of involvement in contentious matters.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἨΣΥΧΟΣ, ΕἸΡΗΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) meaning 'not' and πρᾶγμα (pragma) meaning 'deed, affair, business'. Thus, it literally means 'not having affairs' or 'not busy'.

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-TREH-pen

Translations: he was permitting, she was permitting, it was permitting, he was allowing, she was allowing, it was allowing, he was entrusting, she was entrusting, it was entrusting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἐπιτρέπω' (epitrepō), meaning 'to permit,' 'to allow,' or 'to entrust.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was allowing them to enter' or 'She was entrusting the task to him.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G3980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pay-THAR-kane

Translations: to obey, to be obedient, to submit to authority

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to obey or to be obedient, particularly to authority. It describes the act of complying with commands or submitting to the will of another, often in a context of governance, law, or moral obligation. It is formed from two parts: the verb 'πείθω' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey', and the noun 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'authority'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΙΚΩ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3551

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: noh-MEE-mohn

Translations: of laws, of customs, of traditions, of ordinances, of what is lawful, of what is customary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'lawful,' 'customary,' or 'according to law/custom.' It is often used to describe things that are in accordance with established rules, traditions, or divine ordinances. In its genitive plural form, as seen here, it typically refers to 'of laws,' 'of customs,' or 'of traditions,' indicating possession or relation to these concepts.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ, ΝΟΜΩΝ, ΘΕΣΜΩΝ

G2647

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LYOO-sen

Translations: he destroyed, she destroyed, it destroyed, he overthrew, she overthrew, it overthrew, he lodged, she lodged, it lodged, he abolished, she abolished, it abolished, he dissolved, she dissolved, it dissolved

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb καταλύω (katalyō), which is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and λύω (lyō, meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'). It can mean to destroy, overthrow, abolish, or dissolve. In a different context, it can also mean to lodge or take up lodging, especially for the night, implying a 'breaking down' of a journey. Its meaning depends on the context, often referring to bringing something to an end or breaking it apart, or simply stopping for rest.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G5330

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-ree-SAI-oy

Translations: Pharisees

Notes: The Pharisees were a prominent Jewish religious and political party or school of thought in ancient Judea during the Second Temple period. They emphasized strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and oral traditions, often contrasting with the Sadducees. They were influential among the common people and are frequently mentioned in the New Testament.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Pharisee" comes from the Aramaic word "perishaya," meaning "separated ones." This likely refers to their separation from ritual impurity or from other Jewish groups.

G3967

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-TROH-an

Translations: paternal, ancestral, hereditary, of a father

Notes: This adjective describes something that belongs to a father, is inherited from a father, or is characteristic of a father or ancestors. It is used to refer to traditions, possessions, or qualities passed down through the paternal line. For example, it can describe an ancestral custom or a father's inheritance.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the adjectival suffix '-ωος' (-ōos), indicating belonging or origin. It refers to that which pertains to a father or ancestors.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2609

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TAY-gon

Translations: they were bringing down, they were leading down, they were bringing back, they were putting in, they were landing

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb ΚΑΤΑΓΩ (katago), meaning 'to bring down' or 'to lead down'. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. In this specific form, it indicates an ongoing action in the past, often referring to bringing something or someone down to a lower place, or bringing a ship to land.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

G3089

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-ly-on

Translations: they were loosing, they were untying, they were releasing, they were destroying, they were dissolving

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'λύω' (lyō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. The verb 'λύω' has a broad range of meanings, including to loosen, untie, release, set free, destroy, dissolve, or break up. In a sentence, it would describe a group of people performing one of these actions in the past.

Inflection: Third person plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'λύω' comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to concepts of loosening, separating, and setting free.

G2517

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ka-tha-PAX

Translations: once for all, once and for all, altogether, completely

Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'once for all' or 'completely'. It emphasizes the finality or totality of an action, indicating that something is done definitively and will not need to be repeated. It can be used to describe an action that is finished or a state that is absolute.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΞ, ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the adverb ΑΠΑΞ (hapax), meaning 'once'. The combination conveys the sense of 'down to once' or 'once completely'.

G1308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-FEH-ron

Translations: they were carried through, they were carried about, they were scattered, they differed, they excelled, they were better

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'διαφέρω' (diapherō), which is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia, meaning 'through' or 'apart') and 'φέρω' (pherō, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'). Its meaning varies depending on context. It can mean 'to carry through' or 'to carry about', often implying being scattered or dispersed. It can also mean 'to differ' or 'to be distinct from', and in a comparative sense, 'to excel' or 'to be better than'.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-toh

Translations: was making, was doing, made, did, was producing, was performing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'poieō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it means 'was making for oneself' or 'was doing for oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'was being made' or 'was being done'. The context usually clarifies whether it's middle or passive.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-is-TEE-sin

Translations: establishes, commends, proves, introduces, stands with, brings together, combines, recommends

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (to stand, to set). It means to stand together with, to bring together, to establish, to commend, or to prove. It can be used to describe the act of setting something up, demonstrating a truth, or recommending someone or something.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with, together with') and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (meaning 'to stand, to set'). It literally means 'to stand together' or 'to set together'.

G0584

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-DEIK-sen

Translations: showed, demonstrated, proved, appointed, declared, exhibited

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb "ἀποδείκνυμι" (apodéiknymi). It means "he/she/it showed," "he/she/it demonstrated," or "he/she/it proved." It is used to indicate the act of making something clear, evident, or known, often through evidence or action. It can also mean to appoint or declare someone to a position.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ, ἘΠΙΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΊΝΩ

G1362

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-plah-SEE-oh-nah

Translations: double, a double, twice as much, twice as many

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'double' or 'twice as much/many'. It is used to describe something that is two times the amount, size, or quantity of something else. For example, it could describe a 'double portion' or 'twice the number' of items.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΣΣΟΣ, ΔΙΠΛΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΠΛΑΣΙΟΣ (diplásios) comes from the Greek prefix δι- (di-), meaning 'two' or 'twice', combined with the root -πλάσιος (-plásios), which relates to 'fold' or 'multiple'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G2684

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-PLEK-sai

Translations: to strike with terror, to astonish, to amaze, to astound

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'kataplesso'. It is a compound word formed from 'kata' (down, against) and 'plesso' (to strike). It means to strike someone down with a powerful emotion, typically terror, astonishment, or amazement, to the point of being overwhelmed. It describes an intense emotional impact that leaves one speechless or stunned.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek κατά (katá, “down, against”) + πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to strike”).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G3676

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-may-rah

Translations: hostage, a hostage, hostages

Notes: This word refers to a person given or held as security for the fulfillment of an agreement or demand. It is commonly used in the context of treaties, truces, or military situations where individuals are held to ensure compliance or prevent hostile actions. It can be used in both singular and plural forms, referring to one or multiple hostages.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Etymology: The word "ΟΜΗΡΟΣ" (homēros) is derived from the Greek verb "ὁμηρέω" (homēreō), meaning "to meet, to agree, to be a hostage." It is related to "ὅμηρος" (homēros), meaning "pledge" or "security."

G3950

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: par-EX

Translations: except, besides, apart from, other than, without

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'besides' or 'except'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and means 'apart from' or 'without', indicating exclusion or separation from something. It is used to specify what is excluded from a general statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΝ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside”) and ἔξω (éxō, “out, outside”). It literally means 'beside outside' or 'out from beside'.

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-ta-RAS-son

Translations: they were disturbing, they were troubling, they were agitating, they were stirring up

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural, of the verb ἐπιταράσσω (epitarassō), which is a compound of ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition to') and ταράσσω (tarassō, 'to disturb, trouble'). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were disturbing' or 'they were stirring up trouble'. It implies a continuous or habitual state of causing unrest or agitation.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pei-THON-tes

Translations: persuading, convincing, obeying, trusting, yielding, being persuaded

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peithō). It means 'persuading' or 'convincing' when used actively. In the middle or passive voice, it can mean 'obeying', 'trusting', or 'being persuaded'. It describes an ongoing action of influencing or being influenced.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΕΝΑΣ

G3867

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-ee-NEH-sahn-tahs

Translations: having exhorted, having advised, having admonished, those who exhorted, those who advised, those who admonished

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having exhorted' or 'having advised'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, which then relates to the main verb of the sentence. As an accusative plural, it would typically refer to 'those who had exhorted' or 'them, having exhorted'. It is often used to describe someone who has given counsel or warning.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LEIN

Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Depending on the context, it can mean to take something up, to remove or take away, or more commonly, to destroy or kill someone. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, to seize').

G1379

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dee-oh-GEH-nane

Translations: Diogenes

Notes: This is the name of a famous Greek philosopher, Diogenes of Sinope, known for being one of the founders of Cynic philosophy. It is a compound word derived from "Διός" (Dios), meaning "of Zeus," and "γενής" (genes), meaning "born" or "descended from." Thus, it means "born of Zeus" or "descended from Zeus." As a proper noun, it refers to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Διογένης (Diogenes) is of Greek origin, formed from the genitive case of Zeus (Διός, Dios) and the root -γενής (-genes), meaning 'born' or 'descended from'. It literally means 'born of Zeus' or 'descended from Zeus'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-on

Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, royal palace, a royal palace, royal power, reign, royal

Notes: This word primarily functions as a noun meaning 'kingdom,' 'royal palace,' or 'royal power/authority.' It can refer to a literal territory ruled by a king, the physical dwelling of a king, or the abstract concept of royal dominion. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly,' describing something belonging to or characteristic of a king. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as a noun); Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king.' The suffix -ιον (-ion) indicates a place or thing associated with the root.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NOH-meh-noys

Translations: becoming, being, happening, coming to pass, being made, being born, being created, being produced, being done, being performed, being accomplished, being brought about, being brought into existence, being brought into being, being brought into being, being brought into existence

Notes: ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ is a form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, which means 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' As a participle, it describes an ongoing action or state, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates something that is in the process of becoming or happening, or something that is currently existing or being made. It can be used to describe people or things that are 'those who are becoming' or 'those who are being.'

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Dative

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΦΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, to beget, to give birth.' It is related to words meaning 'kin' or 'birth' in various Indo-European languages.

G0429

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-san-as-KHEH-tohn

Translations: being greatly displeased, being indignant, being annoyed, being vexed, being unable to bear

Notes: This word is a compound participle formed from the prefix 'δυσ-' (dys-), meaning 'badly, ill, difficult', and the verb 'ἀνασχέω' (anascheō), meaning 'to endure' or 'to bear up'. Therefore, 'δυσανσχέτων' means 'being unable to bear' or 'being greatly displeased/indignant'. It describes someone who is finding a situation difficult to tolerate or is reacting with strong disapproval or annoyance.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΝΑΚΤΩΝ, ΔΥΣΦΟΡΩΝ

G1212

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DAY-los

Translations: clear, evident, manifest, plain, obvious

Notes: This word describes something that is clear, evident, or manifest. It is used to indicate that something is easily seen, understood, or known, leaving no room for doubt. It can be used to describe facts, truths, or physical appearances.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular, Dual, or Plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ, ΠΡΟΔΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *delh₁- meaning 'to make clear, to show'. It is related to words signifying light or clarity.

G0874

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-for-MEES

Translations: of occasion, of opportunity, of a starting point, of a pretext, of an occasion, of an opportunity, of a starting point, of a pretext

Notes: This word refers to a starting point, an occasion, an opportunity, or a pretext. It is often used to describe the basis or cause for an action or event. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'they sought an occasion to accuse him' or 'this provided the starting point for their journey.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΑΙΤΙΑ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BOY-toh

Translations: may take, might take, may receive, might receive, may get, might get

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' The form 'ΛΑΒΟΙΤΟ' is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a possibility, or a potential action. It suggests something that 'might' or 'may' happen, or a desire for something to happen.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Aorist, Middle voice, Optative mood

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From an assumed root LAB-, of uncertain affinity. It is related to the Latin 'labi' (to slip, glide).

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-mim-NEES-kon

Translations: I was reminding, I was recalling, they were reminding, they were recalling, to remind, to recall

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb ἀναμιμνήσκω, meaning 'to remind' or 'to recall'. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō, 'to remind, to remember'). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as 'I was reminding' or 'they were recalling'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΥΠΟΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G2720

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tor-THOH-san

Translations: they accomplished, they succeeded, they achieved, they brought to a successful issue

Notes: This word means to accomplish, succeed, or achieve something. It describes the act of bringing a task or endeavor to a successful conclusion or completion. It is often used in contexts where a goal or objective has been met.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΟΡΘΟΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and ΟΡΘΟΩ (orthoō), meaning 'to make straight' or 'to set right'. Together, they convey the idea of setting something completely straight or bringing it to a correct and successful conclusion.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toh-SOO-toys

Translations: so many, so great, so much, such

Notes: This word is an adjective that indicates quantity or magnitude, meaning 'so many', 'so great', or 'so much'. It is used to describe nouns, emphasizing their number or size. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He had so many friends' or 'They faced such great challenges'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΙ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ is a compound of the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΣΟΣ (meaning 'so much' or 'so many') and the suffix -ΟΥΤΟΣ, which is a strengthened form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ ('this'). It emphasizes the degree or extent of something.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1925

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-DEIK-san-toh

Translations: showed, displayed, exhibited, demonstrated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to show, display, or exhibit something, often publicly or clearly. It implies making something visible or known to others. It can be used in contexts where someone presents evidence, demonstrates a skill, or reveals a quality.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. Thus, it literally means 'to show upon' or 'to point out to'.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss (for the full word)

Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word appears to be a truncated or abbreviated form of the Koine Greek word ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos), meaning 'man,' 'human,' or 'person.' It is not a complete word in itself and would typically be seen as a misspelling or an intentional abbreviation in certain contexts, such as ancient manuscripts where space was limited. It refers to a human being, male or female, and can also refer to humanity in general.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular or Plural (truncated form)

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G3176

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-TON

Translations: of greatest, of largest, of mightiest, of most important, of the greatest, of the largest, of the mightiest, of the most important

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'μέγιστος' (megistos), meaning 'greatest', 'largest', 'mightiest', or 'most important'. It is the superlative form of 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great'. It describes something that is supreme in size, power, or significance among a group. In a sentence, it would modify a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of the greatest things' or 'belonging to the most important people'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders, Superlative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΤΑΤΩΝ, ΠΡΩΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-ksee-OH-thay-san

Translations: they were deemed worthy, they were counted worthy, they were thought worthy, they were considered worthy

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist passive indicative, third person plural. It means 'they were deemed worthy' or 'they were considered worthy'. It describes an action completed in the past where the subjects were judged or recognized as deserving of something, often by an external authority or by circumstances.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΞΙΟΩ, ΑΞΙΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἀξιόω (axioō) is derived from the noun ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. It signifies the act of deeming or making someone worthy.

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-ohn-toh

Translations: they were begging, they were asking, they were entreating, they were praying

Notes: This word is the imperfect tense of the verb 'δέομαι', meaning 'to beg', 'to ask', 'to entreat', or 'to pray'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. Therefore, 'ἘΔΕΟΝΤΟ' describes a situation where a group of people were continuously or repeatedly begging, asking, or praying.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΙΚΕΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'δέομαι' is derived from the noun 'δέος' (deference, fear, awe). It originally meant 'to feel a need' or 'to be in want of', which then developed into 'to ask for' or 'to beg'.

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, unto, even to

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' and is typically followed by the genitive case. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while', introducing a clause that specifies a time limit. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It denotes a point or period that something reaches or continues.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: em-PAH-lin

Translations: again, back, on the contrary, conversely, in turn

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again,' 'back,' or 'on the contrary.' It is used to indicate a return to a previous state or action, or to express an opposite or contrasting idea. For example, it can be used to say 'to go back' or 'to do something again,' or to introduce a statement that contradicts a previous one.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἈΝΤΙΠΑΛΙΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and πάλιν (palin, 'back, again'). It literally means 'in back' or 'in again'.

G620

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-po-FYOO-gon-tas

Translations: having escaped, escaping, fleeing from

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἀποφεύγω, meaning 'to flee from' or 'to escape'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb. It indicates that the subject has successfully avoided or gotten away from something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine Nominative Plural or Masculine/Neuter Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποφεύγω is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'.

G3625

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-ah

Translations: one's own, proper, suitable, belonging to, domestic, a household

Notes: This word describes something that is proper to, belonging to, or characteristic of a person or thing. It often relates to one's own family, household, or domestic affairs. It can be used to indicate a close relationship or a sense of belonging.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΙΔΙΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From G3624 ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. It refers to that which pertains to a house or family.

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.

G2875

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KOP-tes-thai

Translations: to cut, to strike, to lament, to mourn, to be cut, to be struck, to strike oneself, to beat one's breast, to lament, to mourn

Notes: This word is the present middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'κόπτω'. In the active voice, it means 'to cut' or 'to strike'. In the middle voice, it often means 'to strike oneself' or 'to beat one's breast', which is a common gesture of grief, thus leading to the meaning 'to lament' or 'to mourn'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be cut' or 'to be struck'. It describes an action of striking or cutting, or the resulting state of being struck or lamenting.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ, ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-deh-MEE-as

Translations: of no one, of nothing, of no, of not any

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the negative indefinite pronoun/adjective 'μηδείς' (medeís), meaning 'no one', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is a compound word formed from 'μηδέ' (mēde), meaning 'not even, nor', and 'εἷς' (heis), meaning 'one'. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. It is used to negate a noun or pronoun, indicating the complete absence or non-existence of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΔΕΜΙΑΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝΟΣ

G337

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nee-RAY-meh-noys

Translations: to those who have been taken up, to those who have been destroyed, to those who have been killed, to those who have been put to death

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, dative plural, derived from the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). The verb ἀναιρέω has a range of meanings, including 'to take up,' 'to lift up,' 'to destroy,' or 'to kill/put to death.' In its passive form, it refers to something or someone that has been taken up, destroyed, or killed. As a dative plural, it indicates the recipients or beneficiaries of this action, often translated as 'to those who have been...' or 'for those who have been...'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΩΛΟΙΣ, ΤΕΘΝΕΩΣΙΝ, ἈΝΗΡΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G1203

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: des-PO-tas

Translations: master, lord, owner, a master, a lord, an owner

Notes: This word refers to a master, lord, or owner, someone who holds absolute authority or control over others, such as a household head over servants, or a ruler over subjects. It emphasizes a position of power and dominion.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word Δεσπότης (despotēs) comes from Proto-Indo-European *dems-pot-, meaning 'master of the house', from *dem- 'house' and *pot- 'powerful, master'.

G1103

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: GNEE-see-on

Translations: genuine, true, legitimate, sincere, a genuine thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as authentic, true, or legitimate. It can be used to refer to a 'true' or 'real' brother, or a 'genuine' symbol, indicating something that is not counterfeit or false. It emphasizes authenticity and sincerity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ' (gnēsios) is derived from 'ΓΕΝΟΣ' (genos), meaning 'race, stock, family', implying something that is 'of the same stock' or 'born of the same kind', thus genuine or legitimate.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-seen

Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to endure, to suffer, to lead, to produce

Notes: ΟἸΣΕΙΝ is the future active infinitive form of the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear,' 'to carry,' 'to bring,' or 'to endure.' As a future infinitive, it indicates an action that will take place, often translated as 'to be about to bear/carry/bring/endure' or simply 'will bear/carry/bring/endure' in a dependent clause. It can be used in various contexts, such as carrying a physical object, bringing news, enduring hardship, or leading a group.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW

Translations: he, she, it, him, her, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: This word is an elided form of the pronoun ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos), meaning 'he, she, it' or 'himself, herself, itself'. The coronis (̓) indicates that the final vowel of the original word has been dropped due to elision, usually before a word starting with a vowel. It functions as a personal pronoun (third person) or an intensive/demonstrative pronoun, depending on its position and context in a sentence. It can refer to a person or thing already mentioned, or emphasize the subject or object.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Accusative

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-loy-en

Translations: would be about to, might be about to, would intend, might intend

Notes: This word is an inflection of the verb 'μέλλω', which means 'to be about to', 'to intend', or 'to be on the point of'. It is used to express an action that is imminent or intended to happen in the future. In this specific inflected form, it often conveys a sense of potential or hypothetical future action, similar to 'would' or 'might' in English.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Imperfect, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word μέλλω comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to delay, to hesitate'. In Greek, it evolved to signify being on the point of doing something, or intending to do something.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOW-tah

Translations: these, these things

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. 'ταῦτα' specifically refers to 'these things' or 'these' (plural, neuter). It is used to point to something nearby, recently mentioned, or about to be mentioned, functioning either as a pronoun (e.g., 'he did these things') or as an adjective modifying a neuter plural noun (e.g., 'these words'). It can be used in the nominative or accusative case.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΑ

G3325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tee-EH-nai

Translations: to go after, to pursue, to follow, to go to, to go among, to go with, to go in quest of, to seek, to come after, to come to

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition μετά (meta, meaning 'with' or 'after') and the verb εἶμι (eimi, meaning 'to go'). It generally means 'to go after' or 'to pursue'. It can also mean 'to go to' or 'to come to' a place or person, or 'to seek' something. Its meaning is often determined by the context, indicating movement towards or in pursuit of something or someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΕΙΜΙ is a compound of the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb εἶμι (eimi), meaning 'to go'. The combination signifies movement in relation to something else, either following it or going towards it.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-TOON-toh

Translations: they were asking, they were demanding, they were begging, they were requesting

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask', 'to demand', or 'to request'. It is used to describe an action of seeking something from someone, often with a sense of urgency or insistence. The form 'ἨΤΟΥΝΤΟ' indicates that the action was ongoing or repeated in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word αἰτέω (aitéō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to reach, to grasp'.

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-THEE-nai

Translations: to be given, to be granted, to be bestowed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, 'δοθῆναι' means 'to be given' or 'to be granted'. It describes an action of receiving something without specifying who is doing the giving. It is often used in constructions where the subject of the main verb is the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΙΝ, ΠΑΡΕΧΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present tense verb, characteristic of many ancient Indo-European languages.

G0005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pal-la-GAYN

Translations: deliverance, release, a release, freedom, a freedom, discharge, a discharge

Notes: This word refers to the act of being set free or released from something, such as a burden, a disease, or a difficult situation. It signifies a complete separation or removal from a state of confinement or obligation. It can be used in contexts like 'deliverance from evil' or 'release from a debt'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ, ΛΥΣΙΣ, ἈΦΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From ἀπο- (apo-, 'from, away from') and ἀλλάσσω (allassō, 'to change, to exchange'), suggesting a change of state away from something, leading to release or deliverance.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G4295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poh-ree-SAS-thai

Translations: to provide, to procure, to furnish, to get for oneself, to acquire

Notes: This word is an aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'πορίζω'. It means to provide, procure, or furnish something, often with the nuance of doing so for oneself or acquiring something for one's own benefit. It is used to express the action of obtaining or making available.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΤΑΟΜΑΙ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb πορίζω (porizō) is derived from πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way, a passage, a means, a resource'. It originally referred to finding a way or means to do something, and then came to mean providing or procuring.

G4992

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: so-TEE-ree-on

Translations: salvation, deliverance, saving health, a salvation, a deliverance, a saving health

Notes: This word refers to that which brings salvation or deliverance. It is often used to describe God's act of saving or the state of being saved. It can also refer to the means or instrument of salvation. In the New Testament, it frequently denotes the spiritual salvation offered through Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ, ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save, preserve, rescue'. From this verb came the noun σωτήρ (sōtēr), meaning 'savior', and then the adjective σωτήριος (sōtērios), meaning 'saving' or 'salvific'. ΣΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ is the neuter form of this adjective, often substantivized to mean 'salvation' or 'that which saves'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G794

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: as-men-ID-zane

Translations: to be glad, to be pleased, to be content, to be well-pleased

Notes: This word describes the state of being glad, pleased, or content with something. It implies a sense of satisfaction or acceptance. It can be used to express a positive reaction to an outcome or situation, indicating that one is well-disposed towards it.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ

Etymology: From the adjective ἄσμενος (asmenos), meaning 'glad' or 'well-pleased', which is related to ἥδομαι (hēdomai), 'to be pleased'.

G0933

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-oyce

Translations: royal palace, royal court, kingdom, (to) royal quarters, (to) the palace

Notes: This word refers to a royal palace or the royal court. It is often used in the plural to denote the royal quarters or the king's residence. It can also refer to a kingdom in a broader sense. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating a location where an action takes place, specifically 'in the royal quarters' or 'in the palace'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word βασίλειον (basileion) is derived from the adjective βασίλειος (basileios), meaning 'royal' or 'kingly', which in turn comes from βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to that which pertains to a king.

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-gihg-NOH-yen

Translations: they might pardon, they might forgive, they might excuse, they might understand, they might agree with

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γιγνώσκω (gignosko), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. In its inflected form, it means 'to know with someone', which extends to 'to agree with', 'to understand', and especially 'to pardon' or 'to forgive' someone for an offense. It implies a shared understanding or a sympathetic judgment.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb συγγιγνώσκω is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γιγνώσκω (gignosko), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. The combination implies a shared knowledge or understanding, leading to the sense of agreement, comprehension, or forgiveness.

G0150

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: A-SKHOS

Translations: shame, disgrace, dishonor, a shameful thing, a disgraceful thing

Notes: This word refers to shame, disgrace, or dishonor. It can also denote something that is shameful or disgraceful in itself. It is used to describe a state of ignominy or an action that brings discredit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΙΑ, ΟΝΕΙΔΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word "αἰσχος" (aischos) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eydʰ- meaning 'to burn, to shine'. It is related to words signifying 'shame' or 'disgrace' due to the idea of being 'marked' or 'exposed' in a negative light.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo-see

Translations: reigning, ruling, a reigning one, a ruling one, a queen, a capital city

Notes: This word is a present active participle, feminine, singular, in the nominative or dative case, derived from the verb 'to reign' or 'to rule as king'. It describes something or someone that is currently reigning or ruling. When used as a noun, it can refer to a queen or, by extension, a capital city (as the city that rules).

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΥΣΑ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΥΣΑ

G0272

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-meh-loo-MEH-noi

Translations: being neglected, neglected, disregarded, uncared for

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'ἀμελέω', meaning 'to neglect' or 'to be careless of'. As a passive participle, it describes someone or something that is being neglected or has been neglected. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the manner of an action.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΙΣΚΕΠΤΟΙ, ἈΠΡΟΣΕΚΤΟΙ

G1551

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-dek-THEY-ee-san

Translations: they might receive, they might await, they might expect, they might look for, they might wait for

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Together, it means to receive from, to await, to expect, or to wait for something or someone. It is used to describe the act of anticipating or looking forward to an event or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G5091

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tee-may-SEH-sthai

Translations: to be honored, to be valued, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the future passive infinitive form of the verb 'τιμάω' (timáō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. As a future passive infinitive, it conveys the idea of 'to be about to be honored' or 'to be destined to be honored'. It is used in constructions where the subject will receive honor or value from an action.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑΣΘΑΙ, ΕΥΦΗΜΕΙΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'τιμάω' (timáō) comes from 'τιμή' (timḗ), meaning 'honor' or 'value'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek word related to concepts of worth and respect.

G0623

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: AH-rah-bah

Translations: Arabah, Arabia, Arab, Arabian

Notes: This word refers to a specific geographical region, the Arabah, which is a rift valley extending south from the Sea of Galilee to the Gulf of Aqaba. It can also refer more broadly to Arabia or to an Arab person. In the provided examples, it refers to the region in one case and to the people (Arabs) in another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for the region); Plural, Accusative, Masculine (for the people)

Etymology: From Hebrew 'aravah (עֲרָבָה), meaning 'desert plain' or 'steppe'. It refers to a specific geographical region in the Middle East.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pox-eh-noh-loh-GEH-see-ehn

Translations: to alienate, to estrange, to make a stranger of, to reckon as a stranger, to treat as a foreigner

Notes: This is a compound verb, likely formed from ἀπό (away from), ξένος (stranger), and a form related to λογίζομαι (to reckon, consider). It means to alienate someone, to treat them as a stranger, or to reckon them as a foreigner. It implies a deliberate act of estrangement or exclusion. The form given is a third-person singular optative aorist active, indicating a wish or potential action.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΞΕΝΟΩ, ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΩ

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: TOH-soos-deh

Translations: so many, so great, so much

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'so many', 'so great', or 'so much'. It is often used to indicate a large or significant quantity or degree. The suffix '-δε' is an enclitic particle that adds emphasis or points to something specific, often translated as 'these' or 'those' in context, making the meaning 'these so many' or 'those so great'. It functions similarly to a demonstrative adjective.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G5433

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: phri-KOH-des

Translations: terrible, dreadful, horrible, frightful

Notes: This adjective describes something that causes shivers, dread, or horror. It is used to emphasize the extreme and terrifying nature of a person, event, or object. For example, one might describe a terrible sight or a dreadful experience using this word.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΔΕΙΝΟΣ, ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word Φρικώδης (phrikōdēs) is derived from φρίκη (phrikē), meaning 'shivering, shuddering, horror, dread', and the suffix -ώδης (-ōdēs), which indicates 'full of' or 'resembling'. Thus, it means 'full of dread' or 'dreadful'.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-NO-mah

Translations: the name, a name

Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the definite article "τὸ" (to, meaning 'the') and the noun "ὄνομα" (onoma, meaning 'name'). It means "the name" and functions as a singular, neuter noun, typically in the nominative or accusative case. It is used to refer to a specific name or reputation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter (crasis of the definite article and noun)

Etymology: The word ὄνομα (onoma) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'name' in many other Indo-European languages.

G4250

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-koos-THAY-nai

Translations: to be heard, to hear, to be listened to

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. In this passive infinitive form, it means 'to be heard' or 'to be listened to'. It describes an action that is completed (aorist aspect) and where the subject receives the action (passive voice). It functions as a verbal noun, often used after verbs like 'to cause' or 'to make' (as in 'to cause to be heard') or in indirect statements.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

G5330

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-ree-SAH-yoos

Translations: Pharisees

Notes: This word refers to the Pharisees, a prominent Jewish religious and political party or sect during the Second Temple period. They were known for their strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and oral traditions, often emphasizing ritual purity and tithing. They are frequently mentioned in the New Testament, often in opposition to Jesus.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Φαρισαῖος" (Pharisaios) is derived from the Aramaic word "פְּרִישַׁיָּא" (pərīšayyā), which means "separated ones" or "those who separate themselves." This likely refers to their commitment to ritual purity and their distinction from other Jewish groups.

G4267

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-tee-MAHN

Translations: to prefer, to honor above, to value more highly, to esteem more highly

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to prefer' or 'to honor above'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟ (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ΤΙΜΑΩ (timao), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. Thus, it literally means 'to honor before' or 'to place before', which translates to 'to prefer' or 'to esteem more highly'. It is used to express a choice or a greater regard for one thing over another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΠΡΟΚΡΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΙΜΑΩ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟ (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ΤΙΜΑΩ (timao), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. It signifies giving precedence or higher regard to something.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH-stai

Translations: it has been known, it is known, it has become known, it is made known

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present. Therefore, it means 'it has been known' or 'it is known' (as a result of having been known). It describes a state of knowledge that has been established.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the English word 'know'.

G2696

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-TAH-xai

Translations: to arrange, to assign, to enroll, to place in order, to station

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, according to) and the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (to arrange, to order). It means to arrange or place something in a specific order, to assign someone to a particular position or rank, or to enroll them into a group, often with a sense of establishing or settling. It can be used in contexts of military arrangement, administrative assignment, or general organization.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΣΣΩ

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-REE-oyce

Translations: to a fortress, to fortresses, to a garrison, to garrisons, in a fortress, in fortresses, in a garrison, in garrisons

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, castle, or stronghold, or the garrison of soldiers stationed there. It is used to describe a secure location or a military post. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating location ('in the fortresses') or direction ('to the fortresses').

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ

G5602

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.

G1142

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DAI-mon

Translations: demon, a demon, evil spirit, a divine power, a god, a deity

Notes: This word refers to a divine power or spirit, often associated with supernatural beings. In ancient Greek thought, it could refer to a lesser deity, a guiding spirit (good or bad), or even a person's destiny. In the New Testament, it almost exclusively refers to an evil spirit or demon, often associated with demonic possession or influence. It is used to describe a spiritual entity that is not God but possesses supernatural power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΑΙΜΟΝΙΟΝ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'Δαίμων' (daimōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₂i- meaning 'to divide, to distribute, to apportion'. It originally referred to a divine power or fate that apportions one's destiny, evolving to mean a divine being or spirit.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koh

Translations: (to) house, (to) household, (to) family, (to) temple, (to) home

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a building. It can also refer to a household, meaning the family and all who live within the house, or more broadly, a lineage or a family line. In a religious context, it can refer to a temple or the house of God. The form ΟἸΚΩ is the dative singular, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G5013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tah-pee-NOH

Translations: to humble, to abase, to bring low, to make low, to humiliate

Notes: This verb means to humble, abase, or bring low. It can refer to making someone or something physically lower, or more commonly, to humbling someone in a metaphorical sense, such as reducing their pride, status, or power. It can also be used reflexively to mean 'to humble oneself'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ, ΕΞΟΥΔΕΝΩ

Etymology: From the adjective ταπεινός (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly, humble'. The verb is formed by adding the verbal suffix -όω to the adjective stem.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-GON-tohn

Translations: (of) saying, (of) speaking, (of) telling, (of) relating, (of) calling, (of) naming

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'those who are saying' or 'of those who are speaking'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the action of a group of people who are speaking.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G2348

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teth-neh-OH-tohn

Translations: of the dead, of those who have died

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle, genitive plural, of the verb θνῄσκω (thnēiskō), meaning 'to die'. It refers to 'those who have died' or 'the dead'. As a genitive plural, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the memory of the dead' or 'the possessions of those who have died'.

Inflection: Perfect Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb θνῄσκω (thnēiskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to die'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the concept of death or dying.

G2793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kin-dy-NEV-on-ton

Translations: of those in danger, of those being in danger, of those risking, of those being at risk, of those venturing

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, neuter, or feminine present active participle of the verb κινδυνεύω (kindyneuō). It describes people or things that are currently in danger, at risk, or venturing into something perilous. It is often used to refer to a group of individuals who are facing a dangerous situation or undertaking a risky endeavor.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΩΝ, ΕΠΙΚΙΝΔΥΝΩΝ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From κίνδυνος (kindynos, "danger, risk"), which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κινέω (kineō, "to move").

G1140

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DAI-mo-nas

Translations: demons, spirits, divinities

Notes: This word refers to a divine power, a spirit, or a demon. In ancient Greek thought, it could refer to a lesser deity, a guiding spirit, or a malevolent entity. In Koine Greek, particularly in the New Testament, it often takes on the negative connotation of an evil spirit or demon. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating that it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΑ, ΔΑΙΜΟΝΙΑ

G1941

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-ka-loo-MEH-nohn

Translations: (of) calling upon, (of) invoking, (of) appealing to, (of) naming, (of) surnaming

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ἘΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ' (epikaleō), meaning 'to call upon' or 'to invoke'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπι' (epi, 'upon, over') and 'καλέω' (kaleō, 'to call'). It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual, performed by the subject. In its genitive plural form, it refers to 'those who are calling upon' or 'those who are being called upon', depending on the context and voice (middle or passive). It is often used in contexts of prayer, supplication, or formally naming someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tes

Translations: all, everyone, the whole, every

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'everyone'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of a group or thing, often translated as 'all without exception' or 'the whole of'. It can be used to describe people or things.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The combination emphasizes the sense of 'all' or 'the whole' in a comprehensive manner.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-loo

Translations: he was showing, he was making clear, he was declaring, he was revealing

Notes: This word describes an action of making something clear, evident, or known. It is used to indicate that someone was in the process of showing, revealing, or declaring something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was showing the truth' or 'It was being made clear to them.'

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ comes from the adjective ΔΗΛΟΣ (delos), meaning 'visible, clear, evident'. The verb form means 'to make visible or clear'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G4875

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-fo-RON

Translations: of misfortunes, of calamities, of disasters, of events, of circumstances

Notes: This word refers to an event, circumstance, or occurrence, often with a negative connotation, implying misfortune, calamity, or disaster. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φορά' (a bringing, a bearing). It describes something that is brought together or happens concurrently, leading to a particular outcome, frequently an unfortunate one. It is used to describe a series of unfortunate events or a state of distress.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΑΤΥΧΗΜΑ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose

Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state, an event happening, or the coming into existence of something. It is often used to describe what happened or what came about.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or originating.

G0159

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ai-TEE-oy

Translations: responsible, responsible for, cause, guilty, those responsible, the causes

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'responsible for' or 'the cause of' something. It often carries the connotation of being blameworthy or guilty. It can be used to describe individuals or things that are the origin or reason for an event or state, whether positive or negative. For example, it could describe those who are responsible for a crime or those who are the cause of a particular outcome.

Inflection: Nominative Masculine Plural, Vocative Masculine Plural, Nominative Neuter Plural, Accusative Neuter Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΣ, ἘΝΟΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΤΙΟΣ (aitios) comes from the noun αἰτία (aitia), meaning 'cause, reason, blame'.

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-lar-KHEE-an

Translations: love of power, ambition, a love of power, an ambition

Notes: This word is a compound noun, meaning 'love of power' or 'ambition'. It describes a strong desire to hold authority or to rule. It is formed from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'beginning'. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the thing that is loved or desired.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΤΙΜΙΑ, ΠΛΕΟΝΕΞΙΑ

G1635

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-le-ly-SEE-kyoo-ee-ah

Translations: having been weakened, having been exhausted, having been faint, having been relaxed

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having been weakened' or 'having become faint'. It describes a state of having lost strength, courage, or energy, often implying a complete exhaustion or collapse. It can be used to describe someone who has become utterly weary or disheartened.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΜΝΩ, ΕΚΠΙΠΤΩ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo-een

Translations: to reign, to rule, to be king, to be a king

Notes: This word means to reign, to rule, or to act as a king. As an infinitive, it often functions like an English 'to' verb, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to reign' or 'for ruling'. It describes the exercise of royal authority or sovereignty.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ (basileuō) comes from the noun ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king'. It describes the action or state of being a king.

G1074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ge-ne-AS

Translations: of a generation, of generations, a generation, generations, of a race, of races, a race, races, of a family, of families, a family, families, of a kind, of kinds, a kind, kinds

Notes: This word refers to a generation of people, a race, a family, or a kind/species. It can also denote the time span of a generation. In the provided examples, it is used in the phrase "generations of generations" (ΓΕΝΕΑΣ ΓΕΝΕΩΝ), emphasizing a very long or eternal duration.

Inflection: Singular Genitive or Plural Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning "to come into being" or "to be born."

G0002

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ak-MEE

Translations: climax, peak, height, prime, a climax, a peak, a height, a prime

Notes: This word refers to the highest point, the peak, or the prime of something. It can describe the culmination of an event, the most flourishing period of a person's life, or the zenith of a movement or condition. It is often used to denote a critical or decisive moment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΝ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΚΜΗ" comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning "sharp" or "point." It evolved to signify the sharpest point, and by extension, the highest point or peak.

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREP-san-tes

Translations: having permitted, having allowed, having entrusted, having committed, having given leave

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ', meaning 'to permit', 'to allow', 'to entrust', or 'to commit'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this form, it indicates that the subjects of the action are the ones who have permitted or allowed something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΤΡΕΠΩ (trepo), meaning 'to turn'. Together, they convey the sense of 'turning over to' or 'allowing to turn towards', hence 'permitting' or 'entrusting'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-oo-sah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, a having one, a possessing one

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also act as a verb within a clause. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the nominative case, indicating the subject of a sentence or a predicate nominative.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΗ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating possession or state.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-ohn

Translations: of places, of fields, of lands, of pieces of land, of countries

Notes: This word refers to a specific place, a piece of land, a field, or a region. It can denote a small plot of ground, a larger area, or even a country. In its genitive plural form, as 'ΧΩΡΙΩΝ', it indicates possession or origin related to multiple places or lands.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΩΝ, ΑΓΡΩΝ, ΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΧΩΡΙΟΝ' is a diminutive of 'ΧΩΡΟΣ' (choros), meaning 'place, space, region'.

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-TREP-sen

Translations: he permitted, he allowed, he gave permission, he entrusted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to permit,' 'to allow,' or 'to give permission.' It can also mean 'to entrust' or 'to commit something to someone.' It is often used to describe an action where authority or consent is given for something to happen. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἘΠΙ' (upon, over) and the verb 'ΤΡΕΠΩ' (to turn).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative Active

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ἘΑΩ

G221

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dray-oo

Translations: (of) Alexandria, Alexandrian

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Alexandrian' or 'of Alexandria'. It describes something that originates from, belongs to, or is characteristic of the city of Alexandria. It is used to modify a noun, indicating its connection to Alexandria.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: This word is derived from the proper noun ἈΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΕΙΑ (Alexandreia), which refers to the city of Alexandria. The suffix -ΕΙΟΣ is commonly used to form adjectives indicating origin or relation.

G3162

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ma-khai-ROON-tos

Translations: of one who is using a sword, of one who is slaying, of one who is killing with a sword

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μαχαιρόω' (machairoō), meaning 'to use a sword' or 'to slay with a sword'. As a genitive singular participle, it describes the action of someone who is in the process of using a sword or killing with a sword, often indicating possession, origin, or a temporal relationship (e.g., 'while he was using a sword'). It functions similarly to a noun or adjective in a sentence, modifying another noun or pronoun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΤΕΙΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΦΟΝΕΥΟΝΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-stoo

Translations: of most, of greatest, of very much, of very many, of the most, of the greatest

Notes: ΠΛΕΙΣΤΟΥ is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the adjective πλεῖστος (pleistos), which is the superlative of πολύς (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. It indicates the highest degree of quantity or number. It is used to express 'of the most' or 'of the greatest' in a given context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΥ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word πλεῖστος (pleistos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is the superlative form of πολύς (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G1603

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EP-emp-sen

Translations: he sent out, he sent forth, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something out or away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a dispatch or commission. It is typically used in the past tense to indicate that the action has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκπέμπω (ekpempō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send out'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOH-meh-noo

Translations: (of) said, (of) called, (of) named, (of) spoken of, (of) being said, (of) being called

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it means 'of one who is being said' or 'of one who is being called/named'. It often refers to someone or something that is commonly known by a certain name or description.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word 'λέγω' (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-, meaning 'to gather, collect', which evolved to 'to pick out, choose' and then 'to speak' or 'to say' in Greek, implying the 'picking out' of words.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G0926

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: BA-roos

Translations: heavy, weighty, burdensome, grievous, severe, important, serious

Notes: This word describes something as heavy in weight, or metaphorically as burdensome, difficult, or severe. It can also refer to something of great importance or seriousness. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a significant or oppressive quality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΑΡΥΣ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΕΠΙΒΑΡΗΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥hₓu- (heavy). Cognate with Latin gravis and Sanskrit guru.

G1069

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAY-tone

Translations: neighbor, a neighbor, fellow citizen

Notes: This word refers to a person living near another, a neighbor. It can also extend to mean a fellow citizen or someone who is near in a broader sense. It is typically used to describe someone in close proximity, either physically or socially.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΟΜΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: From γῆ (gē, “earth, land”) + -ιτων (-itōn, a suffix indicating inhabitant). It literally means 'one who lives on the same land' or 'one who lives nearby'.

G2038

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: er-ga-SAH-me-noy

Translations: working, having worked, doing, having done, performing, having performed, producing, having produced, trading, having traded

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ergazomai', meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can refer to physical labor, mental effort, or the performance of a task or deed. It is often used to describe someone who is engaged in a particular activity or has accomplished something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΡΑΩ

G4710

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spoo-DEHS

Translations: (of) diligence, (of) haste, (of) earnestness, (of) zeal, (of) eagerness

Notes: This word refers to a state of earnestness, diligence, or eagerness. It can also denote speed or haste in action. It is used to describe the quality of being diligent or the act of doing something quickly and with great effort.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ, ΖΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word σπουδή (spoudē) is derived from the verb σπεύδω (speudō), meaning 'to hasten' or 'to be eager'. It refers to the quality of being quick or earnest in action.

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-on

Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, proper, a worthy thing, a fitting thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'worthy,' 'deserving,' or 'fitting.' It is used to describe something or someone that is of appropriate value, merit, or suitability for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used to say that something is 'worthy of' something else, often followed by a genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ (axios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ag- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to the idea of weighing or balancing, thus leading to the sense of 'having weight' or 'being worthy'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G5144

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: tree-AH-kon-tah

Translations: thirty

Notes: This word means 'thirty' and is used to denote the number 30. It functions as an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It is typically used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of thirty units.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From τρεῖς (treis, “three”) and a suffix related to -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”), indicating multiples of ten. It is cognate with Latin triginta and English thirty.

G1707

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-BEB-lee-kōs

Translations: having thrown in, having cast in, having put in, having inserted, having invaded

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'emballō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still relevant in the present. It means 'having thrown in', 'having cast in', 'having put in', or 'having invaded', depending on the context. It is often used to describe the action of launching an attack or inserting something into a place.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΊΠΤΩ, ΕἸΣΒΆΛΛΩ, ἘΜΠΈΜΠΩ

G0864

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-FIX-oh-meh-nos

Translations: coming, about to come, arriving, about to arrive

Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb 'aphikneomai', meaning 'to arrive' or 'to come'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is 'about to come' or 'about to arrive'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future relative to the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Future, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G4147

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: po-lee-or-KOON-tee

Translations: (to) one besieging, (to) one attacking, (to) one laying siege

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'πολιορκέω' (poliorkeō), meaning 'to besiege' or 'to lay siege to'. As a participle, it functions as a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of besieging. In this dative singular form, it typically indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, referring to 'the one who is besieging' or 'to the one besieging'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΩ

G4410

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ptoh-leh-MAH-ee-dah

Translations: Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais is the name of an ancient city, located on the coast of Phoenicia (modern-day Acre, Israel). It was a significant port city in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. It is used in sentences to refer to the city itself, often as a destination or location.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Ptolemais is derived from the Greek personal name Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος), a common name among the Hellenistic kings of Egypt, particularly Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who refounded and renamed the city.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-nee

Translations: called, named, being called, a called one, a named one

Notes: This word is the present passive participle of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is being called or named. It indicates an ongoing action of being called or designated.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'καλέω' (kaleō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁-, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin 'calare' (to call out) and English 'hail'.

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tekh-EIN

Translations: to hold fast, to hold back, to restrain, to possess, to occupy, to keep, to retain, to seize, to take possession of

Notes: This word means to hold something firmly, to possess it, or to restrain or hinder someone or something. It can also mean to occupy a place or to keep something in one's possession. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a strong grip or control.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΧΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. This combination suggests a strong or firm holding, often with the nuance of holding down or holding back.

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-AY-gah-gen

Translations: he brought in, he led in, he brought up, he led up, he introduced, he brought forth

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀνάγω (anagō). It describes an action of bringing or leading someone or something into a place, up to a higher position, or forth from a place. It can also mean to introduce someone or something. It is used to describe a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOONG-kha-nen

Translations: was, happened to be, obtained, met with, chanced to be

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It describes an action or state that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It can mean 'to happen to be' (often implying a state of being or existence), 'to obtain' (to get or acquire something), or 'to meet with' (to encounter someone or something). In many contexts, it functions as a copula, meaning 'was' or 'happened to be'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-gih-NOH-skeen

Translations: to know with, to be conscious of, to be aware of, to pardon, to excuse, to forgive

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It signifies knowing something in common with someone, or being conscious of something. In a moral sense, it can mean to be aware of one's own faults, or to show understanding and pardon to others. It is often used in contexts of acknowledging, excusing, or forgiving.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. The root γινώσκω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'.

G0594

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-DEK-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having received, having accepted, having welcomed, having approved, having acknowledged

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'ἀποδέχομαι', meaning 'to receive fully, accept, welcome, or approve'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that the subject has taken something in, either literally or figuratively, with approval or welcome. It is often used to describe someone who has received a person, a message, or a favor with a positive disposition.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G5295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pe-THEH-toh

Translations: he put under, he laid down, he suggested, he proposed, he advised, he supposed, he assumed

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'hypotithemi', meaning 'to put under', 'to lay down', or 'to suggest/propose'. It can also mean 'to suppose' or 'to assume'. It is often used in contexts of giving advice, making a suggestion, or laying a foundation. The prefix 'hypo-' means 'under' or 'beneath', and 'tithemi' means 'to place' or 'to put'.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Indicative, Middle Voice, Imperfect Tense

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G4425

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PTO-le-MAH-ee-doss

Translations: of Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais was an ancient city on the coast of Phoenicia, known today as Acre or Akko in modern-day Israel. It was a significant port city during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, often mentioned in historical and biblical texts. The name 'Ptolemais' was given to it by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, an Egyptian pharaoh, in the 3rd century BC.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The city was originally known as Akko. It was renamed Ptolemais by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, a king of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in ancient Egypt, in the 3rd century BC. The name 'Ptolemais' is derived from his name.

G0251

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-ah-LOH-koo-ee-as

Translations: (of) captured, (of) taken, (of) conquered

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having been captured' or 'having been taken'. It describes something that has already undergone the action of being captured or conquered. It is used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of having been captured. For example, it could describe 'the city (of) having been captured'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΗΦΘΕΙΣΗΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΦΘΕΙΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. It is related to the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose', but ἁλίσκομαι is its passive counterpart, indicating the state of being taken.

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-OH-kon-tah

Translations: pursuing, persecuting, chasing, following, running after, striving after, pressing on

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διώκω'. It describes an action of pursuing, chasing, or following, often with intensity or purpose. It can refer to physically chasing someone or something, or metaphorically striving after a goal, like righteousness. It can also mean to persecute or harass someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'διώκω' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to run swiftly' or 'to put to flight'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mith-ri-DAH-ten

Translations: Mithridates

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the name Mithridates. It is a name of Persian origin, meaning 'given by Mithra' or 'gift of Mithra'. Several historical figures bore this name, most notably Mithridates VI Eupator, the King of Pontus, who famously resisted the Roman Republic. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Mithridates is of Old Persian origin, derived from the name of the ancient Persian deity Mithra, combined with a suffix meaning 'given' or 'gift'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G1223

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-mar-TEIN

Translations: to miss, to fail, to err, to go wrong, to make a mistake, to be disappointed

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive verb meaning 'to miss' or 'to fail'. It describes the act of falling short of a goal, making an error, or being disappointed in an outcome. It can be used in contexts where someone fails to achieve something or makes a significant mistake.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek διά (dia, 'through, apart') and ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō, 'to miss the mark, to err'). It implies missing the mark completely or thoroughly.

G0339

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-FYOO-gon-tos

Translations: of having fled back, of having escaped, of having taken refuge

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀναφεύγω', meaning 'to flee back', 'to escape', or 'to take refuge'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb in the sentence. It indicates someone or something that has completed the act of fleeing or escaping.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ, ἘΚΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναφεύγω is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. The prefix ἀνά intensifies or directs the action of fleeing back or upwards.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: ar-me-NEE-an

Translations: Armenian, an Armenian, (of) Armenia, (to) Armenia

Notes: This word refers to something or someone from Armenia, or it can refer to the country of Armenia itself. As an adjective, it describes a person or thing as being Armenian. As a proper noun, it can refer to an Armenian person or the land of Armenia. It is often used in contexts describing people, places, or things associated with the region of Armenia.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine or Neuter

Etymology: The word is derived from the geographical name 'Armenia', referring to the ancient kingdom and region in Western Asia.

G4199

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-THAY-san-tah

Translations: having plundered, having sacked, having destroyed, having ravaged

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having plundered' or 'having sacked'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by the subject. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a verbal idea, indicating the action performed by that noun. It is often used to describe someone who has carried out an act of destruction or devastation.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΞΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to πέρθω (perthō), meaning 'to lay waste, sack, destroy'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-GNOOS

Translations: having known, knowing, recognizing, understanding, perceiving, having perceived, having recognized, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epiginōskō', meaning 'to know fully, to recognize, to understand completely'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It implies a deeper, more complete knowledge than simple 'ginōskō' (to know). It can be translated as 'having known' or 'knowing' depending on the context, often implying a realization or full recognition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G0390

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-KHO-ray

Translations: he was withdrawing, he was departing, he was going back, he was retiring

Notes: This word describes the action of withdrawing, departing, or going back, often implying a movement away from a place or situation. It is used to indicate a continuous or repeated action in the past, such as someone consistently retreating or leaving.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ὙΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, back') and χωρέω (chōréō, 'to make room, go, proceed'). It literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room by going back'.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koo

Translations: of a house, of a home, of a household, of a temple, of a family, of a dwelling, of a building

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', 'home', 'household', 'family', or 'temple'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, 'τοῦ οἴκου' would mean 'of the house'. It can refer to a physical dwelling, a family unit, or even a spiritual dwelling like a temple.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'οἶκος' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'dwelling' or 'house'. It is related to words for 'house' in other Indo-European languages.

G1706

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-peh-SOO-sees

Translations: of falling into, of falling upon, of rushing upon, of happening, of occurring, of befalling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'empíptō', meaning 'to fall into' or 'to fall upon'. It describes an action of entering into a state, condition, or situation, often suddenly or unexpectedly. It can also refer to something happening or befalling someone or something. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it often functions adverbially or adjectivally, indicating the time or circumstance when an action occurs, or describing a feminine noun that is 'falling into' or 'happening'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΠΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐμπίπτω (empíptō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb πίπτω (píptō), meaning 'to fall'.

G0711

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-toh-BOO-loh

Translations: (to) Aristobulus

Notes: This is a proper name, specifically a man's name. It refers to a specific individual named Aristobulus. In the provided context, it is used to indicate that something is directed towards or given to Aristobulus.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Dative

Etymology: The name Aristobulus is of Greek origin, derived from the words 'aristos' (meaning 'best' or 'excellent') and 'boulē' (meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'). Thus, it means 'best counselor' or 'one who gives excellent counsel'.

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TITH-es-thai

Translations: to lay upon, to put upon, to impose, to attack, to assault, to apply oneself to, to devote oneself to

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, on) and the verb 'τίθημι' (to place, to put). It means to lay or put something upon something else, to impose something, or to apply oneself to a task. In a military context, it can mean to attack or assault. It is often used in the middle voice to indicate an action done to oneself or for one's own benefit, or to indicate an attack.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G5260

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pex-EL-thohn

Translations: having gone out from under, having withdrawn, having escaped, having departed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having gone out from under' or 'having withdrawn'. It is a compound verb formed from three prepositions: ὑπό (hypo, 'under'), ἐκ (ek, 'out of'), and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come' or 'to go'). Thus, it literally means 'to come or go out from under something'. It describes an action of moving away from a place or situation, often implying an escape or a strategic withdrawal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Participle

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΑΣ, ΑΠΕΛΘΩΝ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-REE-ah

Translations: fortresses, garrisons, guard posts

Notes: This word refers to fortified places, such as a fortress, a castle, or a military post. It can also denote a garrison or a body of troops stationed in such a place. It is used to describe strongholds or secure locations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑΤΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΙ, ΤΕΙΧΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'. It is related to φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watchman'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G2696

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-TAKH-thay-san

Translations: they were arranged, they were placed, they were appointed, they were enrolled

Notes: This is a verb indicating that a group of people or things were arranged, placed, or appointed into a specific order or position. It describes an action that happened in the past, where the subjects of the verb were the recipients of the action (they were acted upon).

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΤΑΤΤΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. The compound verb means to arrange or place in order.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G916

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: akh-THOH-meh-nos

Translations: being grieved, being distressed, being burdened, being annoyed, being vexed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be grieved' or 'to be burdened'. It describes someone who is experiencing a state of distress, annoyance, or being weighed down by something. It is often used to indicate the reason or circumstance for an action, showing that the subject is acting out of a feeling of grief or burden.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΒΑΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΧΘΟΜΑΙ (achthomai) is derived from the noun ἄχθος (achthos), meaning 'a burden' or 'a weight'. It describes the feeling of being burdened or weighed down.

G0599

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-poh-tha-NOO-sees

Translations: of one who has died, of a dead (woman), after dying, when she died

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to die' and functions as a participle, describing an action that has already occurred. Specifically, it is a genitive feminine singular form, often translated as 'of one who has died' or 'after she died'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'θνήσκω' (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. It indicates the completion of the action of dying.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΣΑΣ, ἘΚΠΝΕΥΣΑΣ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PARK-see-en

Translations: to be, to exist, to be present, to be available, to belong, to suffice, to be possible

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to be present'. It often implies a state of being that already exists or has come into existence. It can also mean 'to belong to' or 'to be sufficient'. In some contexts, it can convey the idea of something being possible or available.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ὑπάρχω (huparchō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. The combination suggests 'to begin from under' or 'to be originally'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-DY-nah-ton

Translations: impossible, an impossible thing, impotent, weak, powerless

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be done or achieved, or someone who lacks strength or power. It is often used impersonally to mean 'it is impossible'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ, ἈΣΘΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'un-') and 'δυνατός' (dynatos), meaning 'able' or 'powerful'. Thus, it literally means 'not able' or 'unable'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tos

Translations: of (one) about to, of (one) going to, of the future, of (one) intending

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present participle of the verb 'μέλλω'. It signifies something that is 'about to happen', 'going to be', or 'intended'. It often describes a future event or state, or a person/thing that is on the verge of doing something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is about to').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΟΣ

G1243

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-DEH-khes-thai

Translations: to succeed, to take over, to follow, to receive in succession

Notes: This verb means to succeed someone in office or position, to take over from them, or to follow after them in a sequence. It implies receiving something from another person, often a responsibility or a role, and continuing it. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'after', and 'δέχομαι' (dechomai), meaning 'to receive'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOO

Translations: (of) a brother, (of) the brother, (of) a fellow believer, (of) the fellow believer, (of) a kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, or more broadly, a fellow human being, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G4894

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: xyn-AY-day

Translations: he knew with, he was conscious of, he was aware of, he was privy to

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'συνείδω' (syneidō), meaning 'to know with' or 'to be conscious of'. It describes someone having shared knowledge or being aware of something, often in a moral or internal sense, like being conscious of one's own actions or being privy to a secret. It is used in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ

G3438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOH-nay

Translations: abode, dwelling place, mansion, room, a dwelling place

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a residence, or a temporary lodging. It can also denote a stopping place or a stage on a journey. In a theological context, it is famously used to describe the 'mansions' or 'rooms' in the Father's house, signifying a permanent dwelling or resting place.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It refers to a place where one remains or dwells.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G0864

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-fee-KO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, coming, arriving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀφικνέομαι', meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate the state of having come or arrived.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀφικνέομαι is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἱκνέομαι (hikneomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to reach'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-LAI-stace

Translations: Galaistes

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name. Without further context or a known historical reference, its specific meaning beyond being a name is not clear. It is used in the provided example as a location or a person's name, indicating where someone was.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The etymology of 'Γαλαίστης' is uncertain. It does not appear to be a common Greek word and is likely a proper name of non-Greek origin or a rare local designation.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: doo-na-TON

Translations: of powerful ones, of mighty ones, of able ones, of rulers, of the powerful, of the mighty, of the able, of the rulers

Notes: This word describes something or someone as powerful, mighty, or able. It is often used to refer to those who hold positions of power or authority, such as rulers or influential people. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, but it can also function as a substantive noun, meaning 'the powerful ones' or 'those who are able'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΩΝ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΩΝ

G5264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-DEKH-thay

Translations: was received, was welcomed, was entertained

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ὑποδέχομαι' (hypodechomai), meaning 'to receive under one's roof, to welcome, to entertain'. It describes an action completed in the past where the subject was the recipient of being welcomed or received. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under') and 'δέχομαι' (dechomai, meaning 'to receive').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G0144

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-STHAY-sis

Translations: perception, a perception, sense, a sense, discernment, a discernment, understanding, an understanding

Notes: This word refers to the faculty of perceiving, whether through the physical senses or through the mind. It can denote the act of sensing, the capacity for understanding, or the ability to discern between things. It is used to describe both sensory perception and intellectual comprehension.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb αἰσθάνομαι (aisthanomai), meaning 'to perceive, to feel, to hear, to see'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-GO-ne-nai

Translations: to have become, to have been, to have happened, to have come into being

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the results or state continuing into the present. It is often used to express a state of being that has come about, or an event that has occurred.

Inflection: Perfect, Infinitive, Active

Synonyms: ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-kon

Translations: they came, they had come, they arrived, they had arrived

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect or aorist indicative form of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It describes an action of coming or arriving that occurred in the past, either as a continuous action (imperfect) or a completed action (aorist). It is used to indicate that a group of people or things came to a certain place or state.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Imperfect or Aorist

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἥκω (hēkō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἵκω (hikō), meaning 'to come'.

G0518

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEL-lon-tes

Translations: announcing, reporting, telling, declaring, bringing back word, those who announce, those who report

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ἀπαγγέλλω', meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from, from) and 'ἀγγέλλω' (to announce, to report). It is used to describe someone who is in the act of announcing, reporting, or bringing a message.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΓΓΕΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ἘΞΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. The root ἀγγέλλω is related to the word ἄγγελος (angelos), meaning 'messenger'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones

Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tay-LEE-fay

Translations: had overtaken, had seized, had apprehended, had grasped, had comprehended, had found

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to seize, grasp, overtake, or comprehend. It describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action. It can refer to physically taking hold of something, or mentally understanding something, or even a person being overtaken by an event or emotion.

Inflection: Indicative, Pluperfect, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

G0756

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ar-KSA-meh-noo

Translations: (of) beginning, (of) having begun, (of) starting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀρχω' (archō), meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. As a participle, it describes an action that has begun or is in the process of beginning, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this genitive form, it typically indicates the subject or agent of the beginning action, often translated with phrases like 'of one who began' or 'when one began'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ἘΝΑΡΞΑΜΕΝΟΥ, ΚΑΤΑΡΞΑΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word 'ἀρχω' (archō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, to rule'. It is related to words signifying leadership, origin, and commencement.

G4700

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PEY-geh-toh

Translations: was hurrying, was hastening, was eager, was pressing on

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'epeigō'. In the middle voice, it means 'to hurry oneself' or 'to hasten'. It describes an action that was ongoing in the past, indicating someone was in the process of moving quickly or being eager to do something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Third Person, Singular, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'epeigō' is derived from the prefix 'epi-' (upon, to) and a root related to 'aigō' (to rush, to move quickly). It conveys the sense of urging oneself forward or being pressed to act.

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: boo-LEE-mah

Translations: purpose, a purpose, will, a will, counsel, a counsel, design, a design, resolve, a resolve

Notes: This word refers to a purpose, will, or design, often implying a deliberate intention or plan. It can describe a decision or resolution that has been made. It is used to express the inward determination or intention of a person.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will' or 'to wish'. It refers to the result or object of willing or purposing.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: meh-GISS-tays

Translations: (to) greatest, (to) largest, (to) most important, (to) mightiest

Notes: This word is the dative, feminine, plural form of the superlative adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. It describes something as being the utmost in size, importance, or power. It is used to indicate the recipients or beneficiaries of an action, or the means by which something is done, when referring to things that are the greatest or largest.

Inflection: Superlative, Dative, Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΑΙΣ, ΠΛΕΙΣΤΑΙΣ, ΥΨΙΣΤΑΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'μέγας' (megas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'great' or 'large'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-ra-KHAIS

Translations: (to) troubles, (in) troubles, (with) troubles, (to) disturbances, (in) disturbances, (with) disturbances, (to) commotions, (in) commotions, (with) commotions, (to) agitations, (in) agitations, (with) agitations

Notes: This word refers to a state of disturbance, agitation, or trouble. It can describe a commotion, a tumult, or a general state of unrest. It is often used to denote difficulties or distress experienced by individuals or groups.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΣΙΝ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΕΣΙΝ, ΘΟΡΥΒΟΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb ταράσσω (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble, disturb, stir up'.

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PEER-khen

Translations: was, existed, there was, there existed, had, possessed

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to be' or 'to exist', often implying a state of being or possession that continued over a period in the past. It can mean 'was', 'existed', or 'there was/existed'. It can also mean 'to have' or 'to possess', indicating what someone had or what was available to them. It describes a continuous or repeated action or state in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΗΝ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DAY-san

Translations: they knew, they had known

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. It describes an action of knowing that occurred in the past, often with an emphasis on the completion of the action. It can be used in sentences like 'They knew the truth' or 'They had known the way'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΔΑ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'wit' and 'wisdom'.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-sthai

Translations: to be able, to have power, to be strong, can

Notes: This is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'δύναμαι'. It means 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is often used in constructions where one expresses the ability or capacity to do something, similar to the English 'can' or 'to be able to'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: From the root 'δύναμαι', meaning 'to be able'. It is related to 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'.

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G1517

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-PRAK-sah-ee-toh

Translations: exact, demand, collect, punish, avenge

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis, 'into, to') and the verb πράσσω (prassō, 'to do, to accomplish'). It means to exact or demand something, often money or payment, or to collect debts. It can also be used in the sense of exacting punishment or avenging a wrong. The form ΕἸΣΠΡΑΞΑΙΤΟ specifically refers to the act of exacting or demanding something from someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Optative Mood, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΙΤΕΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3956

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-oh-NEE-san

Translations: they acted violently, they behaved outrageously, they were drunk, they were insolent

Notes: This is a verb in the third person plural, aorist active indicative form. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people. The verb means to act in a violent, outrageous, or insolent manner, often implying a state of drunkenness or excessive behavior. It can also mean to insult or abuse someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΕΠΗΡΕΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΟΙΝΕΩ (paroineō) is a compound word derived from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and ΟΙΝΟΣ (oinos), meaning 'wine'. It literally means 'to act beside or contrary to wine', implying behavior that is inappropriate or violent due to intoxication.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G2698

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-THEH-san

Translations: they laid down, they deposited, they put down, they stored up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. In its aorist form, it describes an action of placing or laying something down, often with the implication of depositing, storing, or entrusting. It can be used in contexts of laying down money, weapons, or even one's life.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G4754

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: SYKH-nah

Translations: often, frequently, many, much, frequent

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'many' or 'frequent', describing a quantity or recurrence. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'often' or 'frequently', indicating how often an action occurs. For example, it might be used to say 'many days' or 'he often came'.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (when used as an adjective); Does not inflect (when used as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΟΛΛΑΚΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΣΥΧΝΟΣ' (sychnos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'holding together' or 'being close', leading to the sense of 'frequent' or 'many'.

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EEKH-thay

Translations: was led up, was brought up, was taken up, set sail, was put to sea

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb ἀνάγω (anago). It means 'to be led up,' 'to be brought up,' or 'to be taken up,' often implying movement to a higher place or a place of authority. It can also mean 'to set sail' or 'to put to sea,' referring to a ship being led out from shore. The specific meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΒΗ, ἈΠΗΡΕΝ

Etymology: The word ἀνάγω (anago) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards,' and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.'

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mos

Translations: world, a world, universe, order, adornment, decoration, ornament

Notes: This word refers to the world or the universe, often implying an ordered system. It can also refer to adornment or decoration, such as jewelry or clothing, highlighting the idea of something well-arranged or beautiful. In a broader sense, it can denote humanity or the inhabitants of the earth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΓΗ

Etymology: From the verb κοσμέω (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to put in order, to adorn'. The noun form thus carries the sense of something ordered, arranged, or beautiful.

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-SEE-lay-os

Translations: royal, kingly, of a king

Notes: This adjective means 'royal' or 'kingly', referring to anything that pertains to a king or a kingdom. It is used to describe things that belong to, are characteristic of, or are associated with royalty, such as a royal palace, royal authority, or royal attire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the noun ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (BASILEUS), meaning 'king', combined with the suffix -ΕΙΟΣ (-EIOS), which forms adjectives indicating belonging or relation.

G4975

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: skheh-DON

Translations: almost, nearly, well-nigh, about, approximately

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'almost' or 'nearly'. It is used to indicate that something is very close to being true or happening, but not quite. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, conveying a sense of approximation or proximity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΜΟΝΟΝ

Etymology: From the root of Ancient Greek 'σχεῖν' (scheîn), meaning 'to have, to hold, to be near'. It implies being 'close at hand' or 'nearly'.

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-THROY-zen

Translations: he was gathering, he was collecting, he gathered, he collected

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gather together' or 'to collect'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It is used to indicate that someone was in the process of bringing things or people together.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀθροίζω (athroizō) comes from the Greek word ἄθροος (athroos), meaning 'crowded, in a mass, all together'.

G3030

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lee-ba-NOO

Translations: (of) Lebanon, (of) frankincense, (of) a frankincense

Notes: This word refers to either the geographical region of Lebanon or to frankincense, a fragrant resin used in ancient times. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of Lebanon' or 'of frankincense'. For example, it might describe something belonging to or coming from Lebanon, or something made of or related to frankincense.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word is of Semitic origin, referring to the region of Lebanon, known for its cedar trees and aromatic resins. It is also the source of the word for frankincense, which was often traded from this region.

G5147

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: tra-KHO-nos

Translations: Trachonas, of Trachonas

Notes: Trachonas refers to a specific geographical region, a rocky and rugged area located east of the Jordan River, often associated with the Hauran region in ancient Syria. It is known for its rough terrain and volcanic rock formations. In the provided context, it is used to denote possession or origin, indicating 'of Trachonas' or 'belonging to Trachonas'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word Trachon is of Greek origin, meaning 'rough' or 'rugged,' referring to the rocky nature of the region.

G3433

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: moh-NAR-khon

Translations: of monarchs, of rulers, of sole rulers

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'monarch' or 'sole ruler'. It is a compound word derived from 'μόνος' (monos), meaning 'alone' or 'only', and 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'beginning'. It refers to those who hold sole power or authority. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of monarchs' or 'the decree of rulers'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΝ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΟΝΑΡΧΗΣ (monarchēs) is a compound of two Greek words: μόνος (monos), meaning 'alone' or 'only', and ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'rule', 'dominion', or 'beginning'. It describes a single individual holding supreme power.

G5219

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pee-KOO-on

Translations: they obeyed, they listened, they hearkened

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'hypakouō'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action of obeying, listening, or hearkening in the past. It implies a response to a command, instruction, or sound, often with the nuance of submission or compliance. It can be used to describe people who were in the process of obeying or habitually obeyed.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΥΠΕΙΧΩ, ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under') and ἀκούω (akoúō, 'to hear'). The combination suggests hearing from under, implying listening attentively or in submission, leading to the meaning of obeying.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zon-tes

Translations: thinking, supposing, believing, considering, practicing, accustomed

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'thinking' or 'supposing'. It describes an ongoing action of holding an opinion, believing something to be true, or being accustomed to a practice. It can be used to describe someone who is under the impression of something or who habitually does something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G4815

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-LA-boy-en

Translations: they might help, they might seize, they might conceive, they might arrest, they might collect

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to help', 'to seize', 'to arrest', 'to collect', or 'to conceive' (as in, to become pregnant). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (LAMBANO), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The meaning varies depending on the context, often implying a joint effort or the act of taking something together or completely.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Optative, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ

G2207

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: HES-son

Translations: less, inferior, worse

Notes: This word is the comparative form of an adjective, meaning 'less,' 'inferior,' or 'worse.' It can function as both an adjective, describing something as being of lesser quality or quantity, or as an adverb, indicating a lesser degree or extent. It is often used to compare two things, showing that one is of a lower standard or amount than the other.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative; or Adverbial form

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἥσσων (hēssōn) is the irregular comparative form of the adjective κακός (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil,' or sometimes ὀλίγος (oligos), meaning 'little' or 'few.' It has roots in Proto-Indo-European, indicating a sense of 'less' or 'inferiority.'

G2592

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kar-POH-ses-thai

Translations: to bear fruit, to yield fruit, to profit, to gain, to enjoy, to reap

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bear fruit,' 'to yield fruit,' or 'to profit from something.' It can also mean 'to gain' or 'to enjoy.' It is often used in contexts related to agricultural produce or the results of one's actions, implying a positive outcome or benefit. It is a compound word derived from 'fruit' (ΚΑΡΠΟΣ) and a verb ending.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΑΥΩ, ΚΕΡΔΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΩ (karpoō) is derived from the noun ΚΑΡΠΟΣ (karpos), meaning 'fruit' or 'produce.' The verb essentially means 'to make fruit' or 'to bear fruit,' extending to the idea of profiting or gaining.

G4392

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRO-fah-sis

Translations: pretext, an excuse, a pretense, a cloak, an outward show

Notes: This word refers to a plausible but false reason or motive given to conceal the true intention. It can also mean an outward appearance or show that serves to hide something else. It is often used in contexts where someone is trying to justify an action or avoid blame by presenting a misleading reason.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΙΑ, ΠΡΟΚΑΛΥΜΜΑ, ΠΡΟΒΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρό (pro, “before”) + φάσις (phasis, “a showing, appearance”), from φαίνω (phainō, “to show, appear”). It literally means 'a showing forth' or 'a bringing forward'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-nee-THEN-tes

Translations: having become, having been born, having come into being, having been made

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to be born,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is completed. It often indicates the state or condition resulting from that past action. For example, it can be used to describe people who 'have become' something or 'have been born' into a certain situation.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΥΝΤΕΣ, ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ

G2469

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-EE-eh-san

Translations: they sent, they threw, they cast, they hurled

Notes: This is a verb indicating an action of sending, throwing, or casting. It describes a completed action in the past, often implying a forceful or decisive movement. For example, it could be used to describe people sending a message, throwing an object, or casting lots.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ῬΙΠΤΩ, ΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb ἵημι (hiēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yeh₁- meaning 'to throw, to send'.

G5294

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-THES-thai

Translations: to suggest, to propose, to lay down, to put under, to advise

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'ὑποτίθημι' (hypotithēmi). It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'sub', and 'τίθημι' (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. In its middle voice, it often means 'to lay down for oneself', 'to suggest', or 'to propose'. It can be used in contexts where someone is offering advice or putting forward an idea for consideration.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΕΙΝΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G1764

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-nes-TOH-tohn

Translations: of present things, of things present, of things that are present, of things at hand, of the present

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'enistēmi', meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. As a genitive plural, it refers to 'of those things which are present' or 'of present circumstances'. It is used to describe the current state of affairs or things that are immediately available or occurring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΝΤΩΝ, ΝΥΝ

Etymology: The word 'enistēmi' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'en' (in, on, among) and the verb 'histēmi' (to stand, to set). Thus, it literally means 'to stand in' or 'to be placed in', leading to the sense of being present or at hand.

G2961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koo-ree-YOO-ayn

Translations: to rule, to have dominion over, to be lord over, to master, to control, to prevail over

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to exercise authority or control over something or someone. It implies having power, dominion, or mastery. It can be used in contexts where one person or entity holds sway over another, or where a quality or force dominates a situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΔΕΣΠΟΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ (kyrieuō) is derived from ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios), meaning 'lord' or 'master'. It signifies the act of being a lord or master, or exercising the authority of one.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oh-POH-teh

Translations: whenever, when, as often as

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or conjunction, indicating a temporal relationship. It means 'whenever' or 'as often as' and is used to introduce a clause that describes an action or event that occurs at any time or repeatedly. It emphasizes the indefinite or repeated nature of the action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the Greek adverb ΟΠΩΣ (hopos, 'how, in what way') and the particle ΤΕ (te, 'and, also'). It originally conveyed the sense of 'in whatever way' or 'at whatever time'.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toh-SOO-tone

Translations: of so great, of so many, of such, of so much

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'so great,' 'so many,' or 'such.' It is used to indicate a large quantity or degree of something, often emphasizing the extent. It can be used to describe both countable and uncountable nouns.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek words ΤΟΣΟΣ (tos-os), meaning 'so much, so great,' and ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos), meaning 'this, that.'

G0824

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-toh-pon

Translations: out of place, improper, absurd, unreasonable, wrong, evil, a wrong thing, an improper thing

Notes: This word describes something that is 'out of place' or 'improper'. It can refer to something that is absurd, unreasonable, or even morally wrong or evil. It is used to characterize actions or situations that deviate from what is considered right, fitting, or logical.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΛΟΓΟΣ, ἈΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ἈΔΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄτοπος (atopos) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and τόπος (topos) meaning 'place'. Thus, it literally means 'without a place' or 'out of place'.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: SFAHS

Translations: unknown, possibly a fragment

Notes: This word appears to be a fragment or a misspelling of a Koine Greek word. It is not a complete word on its own. Based on the provided examples, it might be part of a proper noun like 'ΜΑΣΦΑΣΣΑΤ' (Masphassat), which is a place name, or a truncation of a word like 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάγιον' (safe sacrifice) or 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάλλω' (to make safe from stumbling). Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and usage are unclear. It is highly probable that this is a typo or an incomplete word.

Inflection: Unknown

G1011

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: boo-LEH-oo-es-thai

Translations: to counsel, to deliberate, to plan, to advise, to resolve, to decide

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'βουλεύω'. It means to take counsel, to deliberate, or to plan, often implying a process of thought leading to a decision. It can also mean to resolve or decide. In a sentence, it would typically follow another verb and express the purpose or result of an action, such as 'they gathered to deliberate'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ

G4029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-STA-nai

Translations: to stand around, to surround, to stand by, to turn away, to avoid

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'περιίστημι' (periistēmi). It means 'to stand around' or 'to surround' someone or something, often implying a crowd or a group gathering around. It can also mean 'to stand by' or 'to be present'. In some contexts, particularly in the middle voice, it can mean 'to turn away from' or 'to avoid' something.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb περιίστημι (periistēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAH-teh-in

Translations: to do, to perform, to practice, to accomplish, to fare, to act

Notes: This verb means to do, to perform, or to accomplish something. It can also refer to how one fares or gets along, often in the sense of 'to do well' or 'to be well'. It describes actions or activities, often with a focus on the process or the habitual nature of the action.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From an intensive form of an obsolete primary verb, meaning to pass through, hence to experience, i.e. to do or make. It is related to the idea of passing through or accomplishing a task.

G5540

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHREE-see-mon

Translations: useful, profitable, advantageous, serviceable, a useful thing, what is useful

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning useful, profitable, or advantageous. It describes something that is beneficial or serves a good purpose. It can be used to describe objects, actions, or qualities that are helpful or valuable.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ (chrēsimos) comes from the verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use, employ, make use of'.

G4517

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ehr-ROH-meh-non

Translations: strong, healthy, vigorous, robust, having been strengthened, having been made strong

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle (neuter singular, nominative or accusative) of the verb ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi), meaning 'to strengthen' or 'to make strong'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing something that has been made strong or is in a state of strength. It can refer to physical health, mental fortitude, or general robustness. For example, it might describe a 'strong nation' or a 'healthy father'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΥΓΙΗΣ

G1049

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gah-zoh-fy-LAH-kee-oys

Translations: to the treasury, to the treasuries, to the temple treasury, to the temple treasuries

Notes: This word refers to a treasury or a place where money and valuables are stored, often specifically referring to the temple treasury in Jerusalem. It is a compound word formed from 'γάζα' (gaza), meaning 'treasure' or 'royal treasure', and 'φυλακή' (phylake), meaning 'a guarding' or 'a prison', which in this context refers to a place of safekeeping. It is used to indicate the location where offerings or funds are kept.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΚΟΡΒΑΝΑΣ

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: mee-KRON

Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.

G5277

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-LEH-pon-tos

Translations: remaining, being left behind, being left over, of remaining, of being left behind, of being left over

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'hypoleipō', meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to remain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it indicates something that is currently remaining or being left behind. It often implies a remnant or what is left after something else has been removed or passed.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΟΣ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ee-POO-sah

Translations: having said, after saying, she having said, when she had said

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence. It describes someone (in this case, a feminine subject) who has completed the action of speaking or saying something. It functions like a verbal adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun and conveying the idea of 'having said' or 'after saying'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΥΣΑ, ΦΑΣΑ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΠΩ (eipo) is an aorist form of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. The aorist stem ΕἸΠ- is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense stem ΛΕΓ-. This is a common feature in Greek verbs where different tenses are formed from different, unrelated roots.

G4863

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: soom-PAHN-tah

Translations: all things, the whole, everything, the universe

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'all together' or 'the whole of something'. It is often used substantively in the neuter plural to refer to 'all things' or 'the universe'. It can also modify a noun, meaning 'the whole' or 'all of' that noun.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑ, ΟΛΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΠΑΣ (sympas) is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G5443

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-loo

Translations: (of) tribe, (of) race, (of) nation, (of) people

Notes: This word refers to a tribe, race, nation, or people group. It is used to denote a distinct group of individuals sharing common ancestry, characteristics, or origin. In the provided form, it is in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΥΣ, ΓΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek φῦλον (phûlon), meaning 'race, tribe, clan', related to φύω (phúō, 'to grow, produce').

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-meh-nay

Translations: having used, using, employing, treating

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use, employ, or treat'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'having used' or 'using'. It indicates that the subject has engaged in the act of using or employing something, or treating someone/something in a particular way. It is often followed by a dative case object indicating what is being used or how someone is being treated.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΕΝΗ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΗ

G5358

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LAR-khon

Translations: fond of rule, ambitious, power-loving, a lover of power

Notes: This word describes someone who is fond of ruling or holding power, or who is ambitious. It is a compound word formed from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'beginning'. It can be used to describe a person's character or actions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΔΟΞΟΣ, ΦΙΛΟΤΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΑΡΧΟΣ is a compound of φίλος (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'beginning'. It describes someone who loves to rule or be in charge.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nee

Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, being, arising, a woman having become, a thing having happened

Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It can describe a female person or a feminine noun that has undergone the action of becoming or happening.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G0784

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-syoo-NEH-ton

Translations: foolish, unintelligent, senseless, without understanding, an unintelligent one, a foolish one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that lacks understanding, intelligence, or good sense. It can refer to a person who is foolish, ignorant, or morally insensible. It is often used to describe someone who fails to grasp spiritual or divine truths, or who acts without proper discernment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΦΡΩΝ, ἈΝΟΗΤΟΣ, ΜΩΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'συνετός' (synetos), which means 'intelligent' or 'understanding'. 'Συνετός' comes from 'συνίημι' (syniemi), meaning 'to bring together', 'to understand', or 'to comprehend'.

G1413

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-nas-TEH-ee-as

Translations: of power, of dominion, of might, of authority, of rule, of a dynasty

Notes: This word refers to power, dominion, or authority, often implying a position of rule or a dynasty. It describes the inherent ability to exert control or influence. It is used in contexts where strength, might, or a ruling force is being discussed.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'δυναστεία' (dynasteia) comes from 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It refers to the state or quality of having power or dominion.

G3918

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON

Translations: present, being present, the present, the present time, a present thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular nominative or accusative form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be present'. It can function as an adjective meaning 'present' or 'being present', or as a noun referring to 'the present time' or 'a present thing'. It describes something that is currently existing or happening.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΣ, ΝΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΩΝ (PARON) comes from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (PARA), meaning 'beside' or 'with', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'being beside' or 'being with', conveying the sense of presence.

G2909

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KRAY-it-ton

Translations: better, superior, more excellent

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'better' or 'superior'. It is used to compare two things, indicating that one is of higher quality, more advantageous, or more desirable than the other. It often appears with the conjunction 'ἢ' (ē), meaning 'than', to form a comparison.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΙΝΩΝ, ΚΑΛΛΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΕΙΤΤΩΝ (kreittōn) is the irregular comparative form of ἀγαθός (agathos, 'good') or καλός (kalos, 'good, beautiful'). Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to κράτος (kratos, 'strength, power').

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ax-ee-OO-sah

Translations: deserving, worthy, deeming worthy, asking, requesting, demanding, claiming, thinking it right, considering it proper, a deserving one, a worthy one

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'deserving', 'deeming worthy', 'asking', or 'requesting'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used to indicate that someone is considering something to be appropriate or due, or that they are making a request or demand based on what they believe is deserved. It can also imply a sense of entitlement or a claim to something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΙΖΗΤΈΩ

G1208

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dehf-TEH-rah

Translations: second, a second, the second

Notes: This word means 'second' and is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δεύτερος'. It can be used to describe something as being in the second position or order. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the second one' (referring to a feminine noun) or 'the second thing'. It can also refer to the second day of the week, Monday.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'δευτέρα' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to follow' or 'to yield'. It is related to the concept of being next in sequence.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tee-THEH-meh-nee

Translations: placing, setting, laying, putting, establishing, appointing

Notes: ΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΗ is a participle derived from the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, meaning 'to place, set, lay, or put'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be translated as 'placing' or 'being placed', depending on the context and voice (middle or passive). It often describes someone or something that is in the act of setting or establishing something.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΒΑΛΛΩ

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-khein

Translations: to rule, to govern, to lead, to begin, to be first

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἈΡΧΩ'. It means 'to rule' or 'to govern', indicating the act of exercising authority or leadership over someone or something. It can also mean 'to begin' or 'to be first', referring to the initiation of an action or being in a primary position. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, or as the subject or object of another verb.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the noun ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, origin, rule, authority'. The verb thus relates to both the concept of starting something and holding a position of power.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAI-oo

Translations: (of) righteous, (of) a righteous one, (of) just, (of) a just one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It can also function as a noun, referring to 'a righteous person' or 'a just person'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For instance, 'between the righteous' or 'years of a righteous one'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with right, law, or custom.

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EH-neh-kah

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'because of,' 'on account of,' or 'for the sake of.' It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating the reason or purpose for something. For example, one might say 'ΕΝΕΚΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ' (heneka tou nomou) meaning 'because of the law.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete noun meaning 'cause' or 'reason'. It is related to the Greek word 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-STREH-pheh-toh

Translations: was turning back, was returning, was being converted, was being turned, was being restored

Notes: This word describes an action of turning around, returning, or changing direction, often with the implication of a moral or spiritual conversion. In the imperfect tense and middle/passive voice, it indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, where the subject was either performing the action on themselves (middle voice) or having the action done to them (passive voice). It can be used to describe someone physically turning back to a place or person, or metaphorically turning from one way of life or belief to another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΟΜΑΙ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: goon

Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate

Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).

G4029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-es-TEE-sen

Translations: stood around, surrounded, turned, turned around, turned about, turned aside, avoided, caused to stand around, caused to turn, brought about, brought into a state

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb περιίστημι (periistēmi). It is a compound verb formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'he/she/it stood around' or 'he/she/it surrounded' (intransitive), or 'he/she/it caused to stand around', 'he/she/it turned', 'he/she/it brought about', or 'he/she/it brought into a state' (transitive). It can also mean 'to avoid' or 'to turn aside from'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb περιίστημι (periistēmi) is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The prefix περί adds the sense of surrounding or turning.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-ston

Translations: (of) most, (of) very many, (of) the greatest number

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the superlative adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As a superlative, 'πλείστων' means 'most' or 'very many', referring to the greatest quantity or number of something. It is used to describe a group or collection where the majority or the largest portion is being referred to.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΩΝ, ΠΟΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'πολύς' (polys) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'much' or 'many' in various Indo-European languages.

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: desire, a desire, longing, lust, craving

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for something good, or it can refer to an evil and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, toward) and 'θυμός' (passion, spirit).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'toward', and the noun θυμός (thymos), meaning 'passion', 'spirit', or 'soul'. It thus conveys the idea of a strong inclination or passion directed towards something.

G4337

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pros-AY-kon-TON

Translations: of those fitting, of those proper, of those suitable, of those becoming, of those due, of those appropriate, of those belonging

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of a present active participle, derived from the verb 'προσήκω' (prosēkō), meaning 'to be fitting, proper, or suitable'. When used substantively, as it often is, it refers to 'those who are fitting' or 'those who belong'. It describes things or people that are appropriate, due, or related to a particular context or individual.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΜΟΖΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΑΘΗΚΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'προσήκω' (prosēkō) is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and 'ἥκω' (hēkō), meaning 'to have come, to be present'. Thus, it literally means 'to have come to' or 'to be present with', leading to the sense of 'belonging to' or 'being appropriate for'.

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

G0851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fai-re-THAY-nai

Translations: to take away, to remove, to cut off, to be taken away, to be removed, to be cut off

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'aphaireō'. It means 'to be taken away', 'to be removed', or 'to be cut off'. It describes an action that is completed in the past, and the subject of the verb is the one being acted upon (passive voice). It can be used in contexts where something is being subtracted, amputated, or simply taken from a place or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G4369

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-THEY-sa

Translations: having added, having put to, having given besides, having put in addition

Notes: This word is a feminine singular aorist active participle, meaning 'having added' or 'having put to'. It describes an action completed by a feminine subject before the action of the main verb. For example, 'she, having added, spoke'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

Inflection: Singular, Aorist, Active, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΘΕΜΕΝΗ, ΠΡΟΣΘΕΤΟΥΣΑ

G4289

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-kay-doh-MEH-nohn

Translations: of those caring for, of those having care for, of those providing for, of those looking after

Notes: This word is a genitive plural participle derived from the verb 'προκηδομαι' (prokēdomai), meaning 'to care for' or 'to have a concern for'. As a participle, it describes an action being performed by a group of people, and in the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions. Thus, it refers to 'those who are caring for' or 'those who have concern for' something or someone.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Middle/Passive Voice, Present Tense

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΟΝΤΩΝ

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-ee-SAH-meh-nay

Translations: having made, having done, having produced, having created, having performed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has been completed by the subject. It describes a feminine singular subject who has performed the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΗ

G1705

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EP-plee-seh

Translations: he filled, she filled, it filled, he filled up, she filled up, it filled up, he satisfied, she satisfied, it satisfied

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἐμπίπλημι' (empíplēmi), meaning 'to fill' or 'to fill up'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that someone or something filled or satisfied something else. For example, 'He filled the vessel' or 'She satisfied their hunger'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΩ, ΓΕΜΙΖΩ

G2223

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ZOH-sah

Translations: having girded, girded, wearing a belt, wearing a girdle

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to gird' or 'to put on a belt/girdle'. It describes someone who has girded themselves or is in a state of being girded. Girding oneself typically implies preparing for action, work, or a journey, as it involves tightening one's garments to allow for freer movement.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ (zōnnumi) comes from the root ζώνη (zōnē), meaning 'belt' or 'girdle'.

G2539

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-per

Translations: although, though, even though, even if, notwithstanding

Notes: This word is a compound particle used to introduce a concessive clause, meaning 'although' or 'even though'. It indicates that something is true despite a contrary condition or circumstance. It often appears with a participle, expressing a concession.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai), meaning 'and' or 'even', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which is an intensive particle. Together, they form a strong concessive meaning.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace

Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. It is often used in contexts of spiritual peace or a peaceful relationship between individuals or nations.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.

G0840

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-tah-ra-XEE-ah

Translations: ataraxia, imperturbability, tranquility, a tranquility, calmness, a calmness, serenity, a serenity

Notes: This word refers to a state of freedom from disturbance, agitation, or emotional turmoil. It describes a profound inner peace and calmness, often associated with philosophical concepts of a serene mind unaffected by external events or passions. It is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and ταραχή (tarachē) meaning 'disturbance' or 'trouble'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΕΥΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΤΑΡΑΞΙΑ is derived from the Ancient Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with the noun ταραχή (tarachē), meaning 'disturbance', 'disorder', or 'trouble'. It literally means 'without disturbance'.

G1314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-fyoo-LAX-en

Translations: preserved, kept safe, guarded, protected

Notes: This word is a compound verb, combining the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', with the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep'. Therefore, διαφυλάσσω means 'to guard thoroughly', 'to keep safe', or 'to preserve completely'. It is used to describe the act of protecting someone or something from harm or danger, ensuring their safety or continued existence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΣΩΖΩ

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-kho-my

Translations: to come, to go, to arrive, to appear

Notes: This verb means 'to come' or 'to go', indicating movement from one place to another. It can also imply arrival or appearance. It is often used to describe a person or thing moving towards a speaker or a specified location.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a deponent verb in Koine Greek, meaning it has a middle or passive form but an active meaning. It derives from an ancient Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: LEK-sone

Translations: speaking, saying, telling, relating

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes someone who is in the act of speaking or saying something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man speaking' or 'he walked, speaking to himself'.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ

G4819

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: soom-beh-bee-KO-tah

Translations: things that have happened, events, occurrences, incidents, circumstances

Notes: This word is the neuter plural perfect active participle of the verb 'συμβαίνω' (symbainō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'. When used in the neuter plural, it functions as a noun, referring to 'things that have happened' or 'events'. It describes the outcome or circumstances of a situation.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

G1565