2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: ah-MEH-ley

Translations: doubtless, certainly, surely, indeed, neglect, be careless, take no care

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'doubtless' or 'certainly', emphasizing a statement. It can also be an imperative form of the verb 'ἀμελέω', meaning 'do not neglect' or 'be careless'. Its meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect), or Verb (Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΔΗΛΟΝΟΤΙ, ἈΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and μέλει (melei, 'it is a care, it concerns'). The root verb ἀμελέω means 'to be careless of, neglect'.

G3539

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: noh-AY-sas

Translations: having understood, having perceived, having considered, having thought

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'νοέω' (noeo). It describes an action of understanding, perceiving, or considering that has been completed. It is often used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating that the subject performed the action of understanding before or at the same time as the main verb's action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΔΩΝ, ΓΝΟΥΣ, ΕΝΝΟΗΣΑΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1426

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dys-NOY-an

Translations: ill will, disaffection, a disaffection, enmity, a hatred, hatred

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from the prefix δύς- (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and νοῦς (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding'. It refers to a state of ill will, disaffection, or enmity towards someone. It describes a negative disposition or hostile feeling. In a sentence, it would typically be the object of an action or a state of being, indicating a feeling of animosity.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΜΙΣΟΣ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TAY-goss

Translations: commander, general, governor, a commander, a general, a governor

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, a general, or a governor. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead), literally meaning 'leader of an army'. It can be used to describe someone in charge of military forces or a civil administrator with significant authority, often in a military context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΟΥΞ

Etymology: From 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). It refers to one who leads an army or a military force.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5172

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TROO-fone

Translations: Tryphon

Notes: Tryphon is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the provided examples, it functions as the subject of sentences, indicating a person's name. It is used to identify a historical figure, specifically a general who later became a king in the Seleucid Empire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Tryphon is of Greek origin, derived from the verb 'τρυφάω' (tryphaō), meaning 'to live luxuriously' or 'to live delicately'. It implies a person who is delicate, luxurious, or effeminate.

G1941

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-klay-THEYS

Translations: called, named, surnamed, invoked, appealed to

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'epikaleō'. It means 'having been called', 'having been named', or 'having been surnamed'. It can also refer to someone who has been invoked or appealed to. It is often used to describe someone who is known by a particular name or title, or to whom an appeal is made.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

G0623

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: AH-rah-bah

Translations: Arabah, Arabia, Arab, Arabian

Notes: This word refers to a specific geographical region, the Arabah, which is a rift valley extending south from the Sea of Galilee to the Gulf of Aqaba. It can also refer more broadly to Arabia or to an Arab person. In the provided examples, it refers to the region in one case and to the people (Arabs) in another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for the region); Plural, Accusative, Masculine (for the people)

Etymology: From Hebrew 'aravah (עֲרָבָה), meaning 'desert plain' or 'steppe'. It refers to a specific geographical region in the Middle East.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G5142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-treh-feh

Translations: he was nourishing, she was nourishing, it was nourishing, he was feeding, she was feeding, it was feeding, he was bringing up, she was bringing up, it was bringing up

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'τρέφω' (trephō), meaning 'to nourish,' 'to feed,' or 'to bring up.' The form 'ἔτρεφε' indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, specifically that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' was performing the action of nourishing, feeding, or bringing up.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΩ, ΘΑΛΠΩ, ΑΥΞΑΝΩ

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khon

Translations: Antiochus

Notes: Antiochus is a common Greek proper name, frequently used for kings of the Seleucid Empire and other historical figures. In this form, it is the direct object of a verb or preposition, indicating the person 'Antiochus' is receiving the action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'Ἀντίοχος' (Antíochos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound of 'ἀντί' (antí, 'against, in return for') and 'ἔχω' (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

G1213

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: day-LOH-sas

Translations: having made clear, having declared, having shown, having revealed, having explained

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear' or 'to show'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often translates as 'having made clear' or 'having declared', indicating a past action that has a bearing on the present situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō) comes from the adjective 'δῆλος' (dēlos), meaning 'clear' or 'evident'. It is formed by adding the verbal suffix '-όω' to the adjective, indicating the action of making something clear or evident.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-kah-tah-STAY-seen

Translations: to restore, to reestablish, to put back, to return, to give back

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'apokathistēmi'. It means to bring back to a former state, to restore, or to reestablish something or someone. It can also mean to return something that was taken or to give something back.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΟΜΑΙ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀποκαθίστημι is a compound verb formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, back') and καθίστημι (kathistēmi, 'to set down, establish'). Thus, it literally means 'to set back' or 'to establish again'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TEI-khen

Translations: he was holding out, she was holding out, it was holding out, he was resisting, she was resisting, it was resisting, he was enduring, she was enduring, it was enduring

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in opposition to', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an ongoing action in the past. It means to hold out against, to resist, to endure, or to cling to something. It implies a sustained effort against opposition or difficulty.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LOH

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, by much, by a great deal, greatly, often, frequently

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it describes a large quantity or number. For example, it could mean 'many people' or 'much water'. When used adverbially, it means 'by much' or 'greatly', indicating a significant degree or frequency, such as 'much more' or 'often'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial Dative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noh

Translations: (to) time, (in) time, a time, season, period

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or a specific moment. It is often used to indicate when something occurs, frequently appearing with prepositions like 'ἐν' (in) to denote 'in time' or 'at a certain time'. It can also refer to a duration or an appointed time.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It refers to a duration of time, as opposed to καιρός (kairos), which refers to a specific, opportune time.

G4341

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-li-pa-REE-san-tos

Translations: of having persisted, of having importuned, of having begged, of having entreated

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having persisted' or 'having importuned'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, and it functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. In this form, it is genitive singular, typically used to modify a noun in the genitive case or to form a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word προσλιπαρέω (proslipareō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and λιπαρέω (lipareō), meaning 'to persist, to be importunate'. The root λιπαρέω itself is derived from λιπαρός (liparos), meaning 'oily, persistent'.

G3528

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: nee-KAH-tai

Translations: he conquers, she conquers, it conquers, he prevails, she prevails, it prevails, he wins, she wins, it wins, he overcomes, she overcomes, it overcomes

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'νικάω' (nikaō), meaning 'to conquer, overcome, prevail, or win'. In this form, it indicates that 'he, she, or it' is performing the action of conquering or winning. It can be used in sentences to describe someone or something achieving victory or overcoming an obstacle.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ, ΘΡΙΑΜΒΕΥΩ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-KAH-lei

Translations: he was calling alongside, he was exhorting, he was comforting, he was urging, he was appealing, he was entreating

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means to call someone to one's side, to summon, to invite, to encourage, to exhort, to comfort, to console, to appeal to, or to entreat.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PEER-khen

Translations: was, existed, there was, there existed, had, possessed

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to be' or 'to exist', often implying a state of being or possession that continued over a period in the past. It can mean 'was', 'existed', or 'there was/existed'. It can also mean 'to have' or 'to possess', indicating what someone had or what was available to them. It describes a continuous or repeated action or state in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΗΝ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thain

Translations: to go out, to come out, to depart, to exit

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It is a compound verb formed from 'ek' (out of) and 'erchomai' (to come/go). It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state to another. It can be used in contexts like leaving a house, departing from a city, or emerging from a situation.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G206

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: AH-krah

Translations: top, summit, end, extremity, tip, peak, highest, outermost

Notes: This word refers to the highest or outermost point of something, such as the top of a mountain, the end of a limb, or the edge of a territory. It can be used as a noun meaning 'summit' or 'extremity', or as an adjective meaning 'highest' or 'outermost'. In the provided context, 'ἈΚΡΑ' likely refers to the 'ends' or 'extremities' of the earth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative/Vocative, Feminine (from ΑΚΡΟΣ); or Singular, Nominative/Vocative, Neuter (from ΑΚΡΟΝ)

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

G0765

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-SEH-bays

Translations: ungodly, impious, wicked, unrighteous, a wicked person, the ungodly

Notes: This word describes someone who is irreverent towards God, lacking in piety, or acting contrary to divine law. It can be used as an adjective to describe things or people, or substantively as a noun to refer to 'the ungodly' or 'wicked people'. It implies a deliberate disregard for religious or moral obligations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-ROOS

Translations: guards, the guards

Notes: This word refers to guards, sentinels, or watchmen. It is used to describe individuals who are stationed to protect or keep watch over a place, person, or thing. It can be used in contexts of military protection, security, or even spiritual safeguarding.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ, ΤΗΡΗΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ (phrouros) comes from the verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureo), meaning 'to guard' or 'to watch over'. It is related to ΠΡΟ (pro, 'before') and ΟΡΑΩ (horaō, 'to see'), suggesting 'one who sees before' or 'one who watches in front'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psas

Translations: having sent, one who sent, he who sent, when he had sent

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'one who sent', indicating the person or thing that performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EX-ayn

Translations: to provide, to furnish, to supply, to offer, to grant, to cause, to present, to afford

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō). It means 'to provide' or 'to furnish' something to someone. It can also mean 'to offer' or 'to grant' a benefit or service. In a broader sense, it can imply 'to cause' or 'to present' a certain state or condition. It is often used in contexts where one person or entity makes something available to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΕΙΝ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to hold alongside' or 'to have ready', which evolved into 'to provide' or 'to furnish'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-SKHO-lehn

Translations: to have leisure, to be at leisure, to have time for, to be occupied with

Notes: This verb means to have leisure or time for something, or to be occupied with a particular matter. It implies having the opportunity or freedom from other duties to engage in an activity. It can be used to describe someone who is free to do something, or someone who is busy with a specific task.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΧΟΛΑΖΩ, ἈΣΧΟΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΣΧΟΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΣΧΟΛΗ (scholē), meaning 'leisure' or 'rest'. Thus, it literally means 'to have good leisure' or 'to be well at leisure'.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-KSEE-oo

Translations: was thinking worthy, was deeming worthy, was demanding, was asking, was requesting, was claiming, was expecting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or repeatedly considering something worthy, or making a request or demand. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a belief that one has a right to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DAY-lohn

Translations: showing, making clear, revealing, declaring, explaining, a showing, a making clear

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear' or 'to show'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be translated as 'showing' or 'making clear' and is used to describe someone or something that is in the process of revealing or explaining something.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩΝ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩΝ

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEE-nai

Translations: to depart, to withdraw, to fall away, to revolt, to stand off, to keep away

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi), which is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and ἵστημι (histēmi, meaning 'to stand'). It generally means 'to stand away from' or 'to depart from'. It can be used in various contexts to describe physical departure, but also a moral or spiritual falling away, rebellion, or apostasy from a person, a law, or a belief. For example, it can mean to withdraw from someone, to revolt against authority, or to abandon one's faith.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀφίστημι is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Its etymology reflects the core meaning of 'standing away from' something.

G1951

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-LEK-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having chosen, having selected, having picked out, having elected

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb λέγομαι (legomai), meaning 'to choose' or 'to pick'. It describes the action of someone having chosen or selected something or someone for themselves. It implies a deliberate and personal choice.

Inflection: Aorist Middle Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, over') and λέγομαι (legomai, 'to choose, pick'). The verb λέγω (legō) originally meant 'to gather, collect', which evolved into 'to pick out, choose', and also 'to speak, say'.

G4757

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tahs

Translations: soldiers

Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army or military force. It is typically used to describe individuals who serve in a military capacity, often in a group. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the subject of a description.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word στρατιώτης (stratiōtēs) comes from στρατιά (stratia), meaning 'army' or 'military service', which itself is derived from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mee-SOON-tes

Translations: hating, those who hate, a hater

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hating' or 'those who hate'. It describes an ongoing action of strong dislike or enmity towards someone or something. It can function adjectivally to describe people who hate, or substantively as 'those who hate'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'those who hate the good'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-PON-thay-san

Translations: they had suffered, they had experienced, they had endured

Notes: This is a verb indicating an action completed in the past with continuing results, specifically in the third person plural. It means 'they had suffered' or 'they had experienced' something. It is often used to describe enduring hardships or undergoing certain events.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to suffer' or 'to feel'. It is related to words signifying emotion or experience.

G0577

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ap-ekh-THA-no-me-noy

Translations: hating, being hated, detesting, being detested, being hostile, becoming an enemy

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπεχθάνομαι', meaning 'to be hated', 'to incur hatred', 'to be an object of hatred', or 'to detest'. It describes someone who is in a state of being hated or actively hating. It is often used to describe a relationship of animosity or hostility between parties.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΕΩ, ἘΧΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀπεχθάνομαι is a compound of ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἔχθομαι (echthomai, 'to hate, be hated'), which is related to ἔχθος (echthos, 'hatred') and ἔχθρός (echthros, 'hated, hostile, enemy'). It signifies a turning away from or separation due to hatred.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G1826

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eks-ah-mar-TON-tah

Translations: having sinned, having erred, having missed the mark, having gone astray

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having sinned' or 'having erred'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past by the subject. It is often used to refer to someone who has committed a fault or made a mistake, particularly in a moral or ethical sense. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'ἁμαρτάνω' (hamartano), meaning 'to miss the mark' or 'to sin'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-tay-ROO-oon

Translations: they were watching, they were observing, they were lying in wait for, they were keeping watch over

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΤΗΡΕΩ (to keep, guard, observe). It means to watch over, observe closely, or lie in wait for someone or something. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΗΡΕΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb ΤΗΡΕΩ (tereo), meaning 'to keep,' 'to guard,' or 'to observe.' The combination suggests an intensified or directed form of watching or guarding.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-THOY-n-toh

Translations: they might lay upon, they might put upon, they might impose, they might attack, they might add

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lay upon,' 'to put upon,' 'to impose,' or 'to attack.' It is often used in the middle voice to indicate that the action is done for oneself or to oneself, or that one is the subject of the action. In the optative mood, it expresses a wish, a potential, or a hypothetical action, often translated with 'might' or 'would.' It can be used in various contexts, such as laying hands on someone, imposing a burden, or launching an attack.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Middle Voice, Optative Mood

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΕΙΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐπιτίθημι (epitithēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on,' and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put.'

G3539

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: noh-EE-san-tes

Translations: having understood, having perceived, having comprehended, having considered, having thought

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'νοέω' (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, understand, or think'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of understanding or perceiving. For example, 'having understood the matter, they proceeded'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΝΟΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G4820

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soom-froh-NEE-san-tes

Translations: having agreed, having been of one mind, having come to an agreement, having concurred

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συμφρονέω' (symphroneō), meaning 'to be of one mind' or 'to agree'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, indicating that the subjects have reached a state of agreement or shared understanding. It is often used to show that a group of people have come to a consensus or have concurred on a matter.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΦΩΝΗΣΑΝ, ΣΥΝΕΓΝΩΣΑΝ, ΟΜΟΝΟΗΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word 'συμφρονέω' (symphroneō) is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'φρονέω' (phroneō), meaning 'to think', 'to have understanding', or 'to be minded'. Thus, it literally means 'to think together' or 'to be minded together'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-THROY-see

Translations: he will gather, she will gather, it will gather, he will assemble, she will assemble, it will assemble, he will collect, she will collect, it will collect

Notes: This word is the future active indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἀθροίζω (athroizō), meaning 'to gather,' 'to assemble,' or 'to collect.' It indicates an action that will be performed by a single subject (he, she, or it) in the future. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He will gather the people' or 'It will collect strength.'

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G5348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FTHA-san-tes

Translations: having arrived, having come, having reached, having attained, having anticipated

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'phthanō', meaning 'to arrive', 'to come', 'to reach', or 'to attain'. It describes an action that has been completed or a state that has been reached. It can also carry the sense of 'to anticipate' or 'to be first'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence, indicating the circumstances or timing of an action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G4291

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ka-ta-la-BOY-en

Translations: they might seize beforehand, they might anticipate, they might pre-occupy, they might take possession of beforehand

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to seize, take possession of, or occupy something in advance, before someone else does. It implies acting preemptively to gain control or advantage. It can also mean to anticipate or to surprise someone by acting first. It is used to describe actions where one party gets ahead of another.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Optative, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three Greek elements: πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'; κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely'; and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The combination suggests taking something completely in advance.

G0726

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: har-PAH-san-tes

Translations: having seized, having snatched, having plundered, having carried off, having taken away by force

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seized' or 'having snatched'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject before the main verb's action. It implies a sudden, forceful, or violent taking or carrying away of something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἁρπάζω (harpazō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the Latin word 'rapio' (to seize, snatch).

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G4029

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ris-TAN-tes

Translations: standing around, surrounding, standing by, standing near, coming around

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'περίστημι' (peristēmi), meaning 'to stand around' or 'to surround'. It describes a group of people or things that are positioned around someone or something, often implying a sense of encircling or being present in the vicinity. It can be used to describe people gathering around a person or an object.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΘΕΝ

G0933

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-oyce

Translations: royal palace, royal court, kingdom, (to) royal quarters, (to) the palace

Notes: This word refers to a royal palace or the royal court. It is often used in the plural to denote the royal quarters or the king's residence. It can also refer to a kingdom in a broader sense. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating a location where an action takes place, specifically 'in the royal quarters' or 'in the palace'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word βασίλειον (basileion) is derived from the adjective βασίλειος (basileios), meaning 'royal' or 'kingly', which in turn comes from βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to that which pertains to a king.

G4147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poh-lee-or-KEE-as

Translations: of a siege, of a blockade

Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation where an army surrounds a place to cut off supplies and force its surrender. In the provided context, it refers to the duration or process of a siege.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound derived from the Greek words πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure', referring to the act of enclosing a city.

G1841

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EX-oh-doos

Translations: exits, departures, ways out, ways of escape, ways of going out, outcomes, expenses, expenditures

Notes: This word refers to a way out, a departure, or an exit. It can also denote an outcome or the end of something, or even an expenditure or expense. In a sentence, it would describe the means or act of going out from a place or situation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΚΦΟΡΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔξοδος (exodos), from ἐξ (ex, 'out of') + ὁδός (hodos, 'way, path').

G1268

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-lah-VON-tes

Translations: having taken, having divided, having understood, having apprehended, having distinguished, having grasped

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb διαλαμβάνω (dialambanō), meaning 'to take apart,' 'to divide,' 'to distinguish,' or 'to apprehend/understand.' As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often translated as 'having taken,' 'when they took,' or 'those who took.' It can refer to physically taking something apart or mentally grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ZAY-toon

Translations: they were seeking, they sought, they were asking, they asked, they were desiring, they desired

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to seek, to look for, to ask for, to demand, or to desire. It is used to describe an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'They were seeking the truth' or 'They asked for mercy'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΖΗΤΕΩ (zēteō) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek verb that has been in use since classical times.

G5493

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kheh-roh-SAS-thai

Translations: to subdue, to master, to overcome, to bring under control, to overpower, to conquer

Notes: This verb means to bring someone or something under one's power or control, often through force, skill, or conquest. It implies gaining mastery over an opponent or a situation. It can be used in contexts of military conquest, personal struggle, or gaining authority.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', indicating the act of taking something into one's hand or power.

G0490

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-o-KHEH-ohn

Translations: of Antioch, of the Antiochians, of the people of Antioch

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'Antioch' (Ἀντιόχεια), referring to the city itself, or 'Antiochian' (Ἀντιοχεύς), referring to a resident of Antioch. It is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of Antioch' or 'belonging to the Antiochians' or 'from Antioch'. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the church of Antioch' or 'the citizens of Antioch'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word derives from the city name Antioch, which was founded by Seleucus I Nicator and named after his father Antiochus. There were several cities named Antioch in antiquity, but the most famous was Antioch on the Orontes in Syria.

G1626

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ek-peh-po-leh-MOH-meh-non

Translations: made hostile, made an enemy, provoked to war, enraged, hostile, an enemy

Notes: This word describes someone or something that has been made hostile or provoked to war. It is often used to indicate a state of being an enemy or being enraged against someone. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that is in this state.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἐκπολεμόω (ekpolemoō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πολεμόω (polemoō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to make hostile'. Thus, it literally means 'to make out hostile' or 'to make utterly hostile'.

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mis-tho-fo-ROOS

Translations: mercenaries, a mercenary, hired soldiers, hired men

Notes: This word refers to a mercenary or a hired soldier, someone who serves for pay rather than out of loyalty or duty. It is a compound word formed from μισθός (misthos), meaning 'wages' or 'pay', and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry', implying someone who 'carries pay' or 'bears wages'. It is typically used to describe professional soldiers who are paid for their service.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΙ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΟΙ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pem-FTHEN-tas

Translations: sent, having been sent, those who were sent, the ones sent

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been sent' or 'those who were sent'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective but retains verbal characteristics, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of being sent. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who have been dispatched or commissioned.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πέμπω (pempō, “to send, to conduct, to escort”).

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4820

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-BAL-lee

Translations: he/she/it throws together, he/she/it meets, he/she/it encounters, he/she/it contributes, he/she/it consults, he/she/it fights, he/she/it compares

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to 'throw together' or 'bring together'. It can be used in various contexts, such as to meet someone, to engage in a conflict or battle, to contribute something, or to consult with others. It can also mean to compare or to consider.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G0971

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bee-as-THEIS

Translations: having been forced, having been compelled, having been constrained, having been overpowered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βιάζω', meaning 'to force' or 'to compel'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has been subjected to force or compulsion. It is often used to describe someone who has been constrained or overpowered by circumstances or by others.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΕΚΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

G2274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: het-TAH-tai

Translations: is defeated, is overcome, is inferior, is vanquished

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, passive form of the verb 'ηττάω' (hettao). It means 'he/she/it is defeated' or 'he/she/it is overcome'. It describes a state of being conquered or proven inferior in a contest, battle, or argument. For example, one might say 'the army is defeated' or 'he is overcome by his emotions'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΤΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΕΤΑΙ, ΥΠΟΤΑΤΤΕΤΑΙ

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: BLEH-pon-tes

Translations: seeing, looking, observing, perceiving, watching

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'seeing' or 'those who are seeing', indicating an action performed by the subject. It is often used to describe the act of perceiving or observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kra-TOON-tas

Translations: holding, grasping, seizing, laying hold of, ruling, prevailing, those holding, those grasping, those seizing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'krateō', meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold, or to grasp'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to 'those who are holding' or 'those who are ruling' something or someone. It can imply physical holding, mental grasping, or exercising authority.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G4721

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STEG-as

Translations: of a roof, of a covering, of a shelter

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'στέγη' (stegē), meaning 'roof,' 'covering,' or 'shelter.' It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to.' For example, it might refer to 'the wood of the roof' or 'the purpose of covering.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΕΠΗ, ΚΑΛΥΜΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'στέγη' (stegē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cover' or 'to protect.' It is related to verbs like 'στέγω' (stegō), meaning 'to cover' or 'to roof over.'

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-BAN-tes

Translations: having gone up, having ascended, having come up, having climbed, having embarked

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It is often used to describe people who have gone up to a higher place, such as a city, a mountain, or a ship. It can also refer to coming up from a lower place, like out of water.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΙΟΝΤΕΣ

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BAL-lon

Translations: they were throwing, they threw, they were casting, they cast, they were putting, they put

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō). It describes an action of throwing, casting, or putting that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they were throwing stones' or 'they kept putting things down'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5311

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Y-PSOS

Translations: height, a height, high, on high, top, summit, heaven

Notes: This word refers to the state of being high or elevated. It can denote physical height, such as the height of a tree or a building, or a more abstract sense of being 'on high' or in a lofty position, often referring to heaven or a place of divine authority. It is used to describe both literal elevation and metaphorical exaltation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΥΨΟΣ" comes from the adjective "ὑψύς" (hypsys), meaning "high" or "lofty." It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *up-, meaning "up, over."

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-OON-tes

Translations: doing, making, performing, practicing, those who do, those who make

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are making' something, often implying a continuous or habitual action.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh-then

Translations: from above, from the top, again, anew, from the beginning

Notes: This word is an adverb that can have both a spatial and a temporal meaning. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from the top,' indicating origin or direction from a higher place. Temporally, it means 'again,' 'anew,' or 'from the beginning,' indicating a repetition or a fresh start. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΚ ΠΡΩΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΩΘΕΝ is formed from the adverb ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above,' combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which indicates origin or direction 'from' a place. Thus, it literally means 'from above' or 'from an upper place,' and by extension, 'from the beginning' or 'again'.

G4934

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: soon-ENG-goos

Translations: near, nigh, close at hand, hard by

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'near' or 'close at hand'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἐγγύς' (enggys), meaning 'near'. It describes proximity in space or time, indicating that something is very close to something else or about to happen soon. For example, one might say 'the time is near' or 'he stood near the house'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the adverb ΕΓΓΥΣ (enggys), meaning 'near'. The combination emphasizes a close proximity.

G0683

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-SAHN-toh

Translations: they rejected, they cast off, they thrust away, they pushed away

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to thrust away, cast off, or reject. It is often used in the context of rejecting God's commands, laws, or people. It describes an action of pushing something or someone away, often with a sense of disdain or refusal.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ἈΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ἈΘΕΤΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπωθέω (apotheō) is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'away from', and the verb ὠθέω (ōtheō), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOW-tays

Translations: to these, with these, by these, in these, these

Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object, means, instrument, or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'with', 'by', or 'in'. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oo-SOHN

Translations: being, of being, of those being, of things being

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It indicates a state of existence or a continuous action of 'being'. In this form, it is genitive plural, which can function in various ways, often indicating possession, origin, or as part of a genitive absolute construction, which provides background or circumstantial information to the main clause, similar to an adverbial clause in English (e.g., 'while they were...', 'since they were...'). It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-stah

Translations: most, very many, very much, a most, the most

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As a superlative, it translates to 'most' or 'very many/much'. It is used to describe the greatest quantity or degree of something. For example, 'πλεῖστα χρήματα' would mean 'most money' or 'very much money'.

Inflection: Superlative, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΜΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G3618

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-koh-doh-MEH-meh-nohn

Translations: of built, of having been built, of constructed, of having been constructed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'of things that have been built' or 'of things that have been constructed'. It describes something that has already undergone the process of being built or established. It is used to refer to the state or result of a building action.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΣΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ

G3551

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NEH-meh-toh

Translations: he distributed, he assigned, he pastured, he fed, he spread, it spread

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect or aorist tense, third person singular. The root verb means 'to distribute,' 'to assign,' 'to pasture,' or 'to feed.' In the context of the provided usage, it likely refers to something spreading, such as fire or destruction, or being distributed/assigned. It describes an action that was ongoing in the past or completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect or Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-noy

Translations: being able, able, powerful, mighty, capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that possesses the ability, power, or capability to do something. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are strong, mighty, or competent.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-ros

Translations: of fire, fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G5343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-GAYN

Translations: flight, a flight, escape, a fleeing

Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing or escaping, often from danger or pursuit. It can describe a rapid departure or a strategic withdrawal. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the action of someone or a group of people running away.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΓΗ (phygē) comes from the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bheug- meaning 'to flee'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TRAH-pay-sahn

Translations: they turned, they were turned, they turned themselves, they were changed, they were put to flight

Notes: This word describes an action of turning or being turned. It can mean to turn oneself, to be turned, to change direction, or to be put to flight. It is often used to indicate a change in course, direction, or even a change in one's state or mind, sometimes implying a turning away or a rout.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

G1430

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOH-mah-tos

Translations: of a house, of a roof, of a housetop, of a dwelling

Notes: This word refers to the roof or housetop of a building, often used as a living space or for various activities in ancient times. It can also refer to the house or dwelling itself. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or location, such as 'upon the housetop of his house'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΣΤΕΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΩΜΑ (dōma) comes from the Greek verb δέμω (demō), meaning 'to build'. It refers to something built, specifically a house or a part of a house like the roof.

G1430

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOH-ma

Translations: house-top, a house-top, roof, a roof, house, a house

Notes: This word refers to the flat roof of a house, which in ancient times was often used as an additional living space for various activities, such as sleeping, walking, or even worship. It can also refer more generally to a house or dwelling.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΣΤΕΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΩΜΑ (dōma) comes from the Greek verb δέμω (demō), meaning 'to build'. It refers to something built, specifically a house or a part of a house.

G1277

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-pee-DON-tone

Translations: (of) leaping through, (of) jumping across, (of) springing over

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'leaping through' or 'jumping across'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΠΗΔΑΩ (pēdaō), meaning 'to leap' or 'to jump'. It describes an action of moving with a leap or jump from one point to another, often implying movement over an obstacle or across a space. In this form, it functions as a noun or adjective, referring to 'those who are leaping through' or 'of those who are leaping through'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΠΗΔΑΩ, ΕΚΠΗΔΑΩ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-OH-kon-tone

Translations: of those pursuing, of those persecuting, of those following, of those chasing

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'diōkō', meaning to pursue, chase, follow, or persecute. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating 'of those who are pursuing' or 'of those who are persecuting'. It describes the action of someone actively going after another, whether in a literal chase or in a hostile, persecuting manner.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

G3861

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pah-rah-DOX-on

Translations: paradoxical, unexpected, strange, unusual, contrary to expectation, a paradox, a strange thing, an unexpected thing

Notes: This word describes something that is contrary to common opinion or expectation, hence 'paradoxical' or 'unexpected'. It can be used as an adjective to describe a quality, or as a noun referring to the unexpected thing itself. It often implies something surprising or remarkable.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΟΓΟΝ, ΑΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΗΤΟΝ, ΑΤΟΠΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (para, 'beside, beyond') and δόξα (doxa, 'opinion, glory'). It literally means 'beyond opinion' or 'contrary to expectation'.

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G4704

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: es-poo-DAH-koh-tas

Translations: having been diligent, having been eager, having made haste, having striven, having been earnest

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having been diligent' or 'having made haste'. It describes someone who has already exerted effort or shown eagerness in a past action, and the result of that action is still relevant. It is used to describe a group of masculine individuals who have completed such an action.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΙΛΟΤΙΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From σπουδή (spoudē), meaning 'haste, earnestness, diligence'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3164

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: mah-KHO-meh-noos

Translations: fighting, contending, warring, struggling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to fight'. It describes individuals who are actively engaged in a conflict or struggle. It can refer to physical combat, but also to verbal disputes or spiritual struggles, depending on the context. It is used to describe those who are in the act of fighting or contending.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient root, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be able, to be strong'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to describe various forms of combat and struggle.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TITH-eh-tai

Translations: he places upon, he lays upon, he imposes, he attacks, he assaults, he is placed upon, he is laid upon, he is imposed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (to place, to put). In its active voice, it means to place or lay something upon someone or something, to impose, or to attack. In the middle or passive voice, as seen here, it means to be placed upon, to be laid upon, or to be imposed. It can also mean to attack or assault someone.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. The root ΤΙΘΗΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

G4820

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-bal-OHN

Translations: having met, having engaged, having contributed, having conferred, having joined battle

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'συμβάλλω' (symballō), which is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It generally means 'to throw together', 'to bring together', 'to meet', 'to encounter', 'to engage in battle', 'to contribute', or 'to confer'. As a participle, it describes an action completed prior to the main verb, often translated as 'having met' or 'having engaged'. It can be used to describe someone who has joined forces, encountered an opponent, or contributed to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pek-TEI-nen

Translations: he killed, she killed, it killed, he slew, she slew, it slew

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποκτείνω (apokteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes a completed action of killing or slaying, typically referring to a single instance in the past. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pan-op-LEE-as

Translations: (of) full armor, (of) complete armor, (of) panoply

Notes: This word refers to the complete set of defensive and offensive equipment worn by a heavily armed soldier, such as a hoplite. It signifies the entire array of weaponry and protective gear. It is often used metaphorically to describe spiritual armor.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΑ, ΠΑΝΤΕΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of πᾶν (pan), meaning 'all' or 'every', and ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor'. It literally means 'all armor' or 'complete armor'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-gih-NOOS

Translations: knowing, understanding, recognizing, acknowledging, forgiving, pardoning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συγγινώσκω' (synginōskō), meaning 'to know with' or 'to understand together'. It describes someone who has come to know, understand, or recognize something. Depending on the context, it can also mean to acknowledge, agree with, or even to forgive or pardon someone for an action.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G5111

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-tol-MEE-may-non

Translations: of things dared, of things ventured, of daring deeds, of audacious acts

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been dared' or 'having been ventured.' It is often used substantively to refer to 'daring deeds,' 'audacious acts,' or 'things that have been ventured.' It describes actions that have been undertaken with boldness or audacity.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΠΡΑΞΕΩΝ, ΕΡΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΛΜΑΩ comes from the Greek noun ΤΟΛΜΑ (tolma), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness.'

G1431

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: doh-ree-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having given, having granted, having bestowed, having presented

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, meaning 'having given' or 'having granted'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, with the subject also being affected by or participating in the action. It is often used to describe someone who has freely given a gift or bestowed a favor.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G5622

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-feh-LEH-ee-as

Translations: of benefit, of profit, of advantage, of help, of usefulness

Notes: This word refers to the state or quality of being beneficial, profitable, or advantageous. It is used to describe something that provides help or utility. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of benefit' or 'belonging to benefit'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΩΦΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὨΦΕΛΕΙΑ (ōpheleia) comes from the verb ὠφελέω (ōpheleō), meaning 'to help' or 'to benefit'. It is related to ὄφελος (ophelos), meaning 'advantage' or 'gain'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those who have become, (to) those who have been born, (to) those who have come into being, (to) things that have happened, (to) things that have come to pass

Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle, dative plural, masculine or neuter, derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes something or someone that has come into existence, been born, or happened. In a sentence, it would typically function as an adjective modifying a plural noun in the dative case, or as a substantive noun referring to 'those who have become' or 'things that have happened', indicating the recipient or beneficiary of an action.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G0649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-PEM-psen

Translations: sent away, dismissed, divorced, sent back

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb πέμπω (pempo), meaning 'to send'. It signifies the action of sending someone or something away, dismissing them, or even divorcing a spouse. It can be used in various contexts where something is dispatched or removed from a place or relationship.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G2493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-na-THAN

Translations: Jonathan

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Hebrew name Jonathan. It is a common biblical name, notably the son of King Saul and a close friend of David. In this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Jonathan is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yehonatan (יְהוֹנָתָן), meaning 'Yahweh has given' or 'gift of God'. It combines the divine name Yahweh (יהוה) with the verb 'natan' (נתן), meaning 'to give'.

G4849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sym-ma-KHEE-as

Translations: of alliance, of a military alliance, of confederacy, of assistance in war

Notes: This word refers to a military alliance, a confederacy, or the act of providing assistance in war. It is often used in contexts describing agreements or partnerships between groups or nations for mutual defense or offense. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of an alliance' or 'concerning an alliance'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-NEE-ros

Translations: evil, wicked, bad, malicious, harmful, worthless, a wicked person, the evil one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or bad. It can refer to moral depravity, harmfulness, or worthlessness. It is often used to describe people who are morally corrupt or actions that are harmful. When used substantively, it can refer to 'the evil one,' often understood as the devil.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil, labor, suffer,' suggesting something that causes toil or suffering, hence 'evil' or 'painful.'

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ep-SEV-sah-toh

Translations: deceived, lied, disappointed, broke a promise

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ψεύδομαι (pseudomai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to deceive'. It means to thoroughly deceive, to lie completely, or to disappoint someone by breaking a promise. It describes an action where someone has been thoroughly misled or let down.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ

G0546

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-pee-LEE-sen

Translations: he threatened, she threatened, it threatened

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to threaten' or 'to menace'. It describes the act of expressing an intention to inflict harm or punishment. It is typically used in a sentence to describe someone issuing a threat.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ΑΠΕΙΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἀπειλέω (apeileō) comes from ἀπειλή (apeilē), meaning 'threat' or 'menace'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the idea of 'driving away' or 'warding off' through intimidation.

G5411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOH-roos

Translations: tribute, tax, a tax, a tribute

Notes: This word refers to a payment, tribute, or tax, often imposed by a ruler or government. It signifies something that is 'borne' or 'carried' as an obligation. It is used in sentences to denote the financial or material contribution required from subjects or citizens.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΔΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΡΟΣ (phoros) comes from the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It refers to something that is 'borne' or 'brought' as a payment or tribute.

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DOH-see

Translations: he will give back, he will pay back, he will render, he will restore, he will repay

Notes: This word describes the action of giving something back, paying a debt, or rendering what is due. It often implies a return or restoration, whether of an object, a payment, or a consequence. It can be used in contexts of repayment, retribution, or fulfilling an obligation.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΤΙΝΩ, ἈΝΤΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G1907

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-skhen

Translations: he held back, he restrained, he stopped, he delayed, he paid attention, he applied himself

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἐπέχω'. It means 'he held back' or 'he restrained', often implying a pause or delay. It can also mean 'to pay attention' or 'to apply oneself to something', depending on the context. In the provided examples, it seems to convey the sense of 'he delayed' or 'he waited'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΝΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-meh-tes-PA-sen

Translations: he drew back, he pulled back, he withdrew

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from ἀντί (anti, 'against, instead of'), μετά (meta, 'with, after'), and σπάω (spaō, 'to draw, pull'). It means to draw back or pull back, often implying a withdrawal or a change of position in response to something. It describes an action of pulling something or oneself away from a previous state or location.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀντιμετασπάω is a compound of three elements: ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return'; μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after'; and σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull'. The combination suggests a complex action of drawing or pulling back in opposition or in a changed manner.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREP-sas

Translations: having returned, returning, turned back

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to return' or 'to turn back'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often indicating the subject's movement back to a previous location or state. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'having returned' or 'returning', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khoo

Translations: of Antiochus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Antiochus, a common name among Hellenistic kings and other notable figures, particularly in the Seleucid Empire. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Antiochus' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek Ἀντίοχος (Antíokhos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound name derived from ἀντί (antí, 'against, in front of') and ἔχω (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

G3371

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mei-RAH-kee-on

Translations: youth, young man, a youth, a young man, lad, boy

Notes: This word refers to a young man or a youth, typically one who is past childhood but not yet fully adult. It can be used to describe a lad or a boy. It is often used in a slightly diminutive sense, implying a young person who is still somewhat immature or inexperienced.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΝΕΑΝΙΑΣ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: The word μειράκιον (meirakion) is a diminutive of the older Greek word μεῖραξ (meirax), which also means 'youth' or 'girl'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G1238

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-day-mah

Translations: diadem, a diadem, crown, a crown

Notes: A diadem is a type of crown, specifically a headband or fillet worn as a symbol of royalty or authority. It signifies sovereign power and is typically worn by kings, queens, or other rulers. It is often used in contexts describing the investiture or display of royal authority.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek διάδημα (diádēma), from διαδέω (diadéō, “to bind around”), from διά (diá, “through, across”) + δέω (déō, “to bind”). It refers to something bound around the head.

G4337

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-kho-RAY-san-tos

Translations: of having approached, of having come to, of having yielded, of having submitted, of having joined

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ΠΡΟΣΧΩΡΕΩ, meaning 'to approach,' 'to come to,' 'to yield,' or 'to submit.' As a genitive participle, it often indicates the subject of a dependent clause, translating as 'of someone who has approached' or 'when/after someone has approached.' It describes an action completed in the past relative to the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TÜNG-kha-nin

Translations: to obtain, to happen, to meet, to attain, to chance, to be

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to obtain' or 'to happen upon' something. It can also mean 'to meet' someone or 'to attain' a goal. In some contexts, it can simply mean 'to be' or 'to chance to be' in a certain state or place. It often implies an element of chance or fortune in obtaining or encountering something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. In ancient Greek, it is related to words meaning 'to hit a mark' or 'to fall upon'.

G3406

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mis-THOHN

Translations: of wages, of reward, of pay, of hire

Notes: This word refers to wages, pay, or reward. It is typically used to denote compensation for work or service rendered. It can also refer to the reward or recompense for actions, whether good or bad. In this form, it is the genitive plural of the noun, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΘΟΣ (misthos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to payment for labor or service.

G1627

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-FEH-rei

Translations: brings out, carries out, produces, bears, brings forth

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (out of) and the verb 'φέρω' (to carry, to bear). It means to bring or carry something out from a place, to produce or yield something (like fruit from a tree or crops from the ground), or to bring forth something into existence. It can also imply revealing or disclosing something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khee

Translations: battle, fight, conflict, a battle, a fight, a conflict

Notes: This word refers to a physical combat or a struggle, often involving a clash of opposing forces. It can describe a literal battle or a more general conflict or dispute. It is used to denote an engagement between individuals or groups.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power, to fight'. It is related to words signifying strength or combat.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G2274

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: het-tay-THEYS

Translations: having been defeated, having been overcome, having been vanquished, having been worsted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hettaomai', meaning 'to be defeated' or 'to be overcome'. It describes someone or something that has experienced defeat or has been conquered. It is often used to indicate the state or condition of a subject after a battle, contest, or struggle, implying a passive experience of being overcome by an opposing force or influence.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗΘΕΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΒΛΗΘΕΙΣ

G0402

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ekh-OH-ray-sen

Translations: withdrew, departed, went away, retired, returned

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'. Together, it means to withdraw, depart, or go back from a place or person. It is often used to describe someone leaving a location, either to retreat, to go to a private place, or simply to move away.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ὙΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχωρέω is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'. The root χωρέω comes from χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'space' or 'place'.

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAIS

Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave

Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-lon

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ

G4849

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: sym-MAKH-on

Translations: ally, a helper, a fellow fighter, a confederate, a supporter

Notes: This word describes someone who fights alongside another, an ally, or a helper. It can be used as an adjective to describe something that is allied or helpful, or as a noun to refer to an ally or a confederate. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μάχομαι' (machomai), meaning 'to fight'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-toh

Translations: was making, was doing, made, did, was producing, was performing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'poieō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it means 'was making for oneself' or 'was doing for oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'was being made' or 'was being done'. The context usually clarifies whether it's middle or passive.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SY-neen

Translations: high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word refers to the office or position of a high priest. It is a compound word, combining 'ἈΡΧΙ' (archi), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', with 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' (hierosyne), meaning 'priesthood'. It describes the state or function of being a high priest, often in a religious or ceremonial context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (archierōsynē) is derived from the combination of the prefix ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', and the noun ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (hierōsynē), meaning 'priesthood'.

G0950

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-beh-BAI-oo

Translations: was confirming, was establishing, was making firm, was guaranteeing, was validating

Notes: This word describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means to confirm, establish, make firm, or guarantee something. It implies a process of making something secure or valid, often in a legal or authoritative sense. For example, it could be used to say 'he was confirming the agreement' or 'it was being established'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΟΩ, ΠΙΣΤΟΩ

Etymology: The verb ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ comes from the adjective ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ (BEBAIOS), meaning 'firm, stable, sure'.

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ekh-OH-rei

Translations: he was yielding, he was giving way, he was withdrawing, he was granting, he was conceding

Notes: This word describes an action of yielding, giving way, withdrawing, or granting something. It implies a movement or concession, often in response to pressure or a request. It can be used to describe someone stepping aside, retreating, or allowing something to happen. It is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΚΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb παρεχωρέω (parechōreō) is formed from the prefix παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-et-EH-thee-san

Translations: they were added, they were joined, they were given in addition, they were put to

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, place'). It means 'to be added to' or 'to be joined to'. It describes an action where something or someone is brought into association with, or becomes part of, something else. It is often used to indicate an increase or an inclusion.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΕΘΗΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΕΚΟΛΛΗΘΗΝ

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G4632

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKEV-ee

Translations: vessel, a vessel, instrument, an instrument, implement, an implement, goods, baggage, equipment, furniture

Notes: This word refers to an object or implement used for a particular purpose, such as a container (vessel), a tool (instrument), or personal belongings (goods, baggage). It can also refer to household items or equipment. It is often used in the plural to denote a collection of such items.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΡΤΥΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΑ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word derives from the verb σκευάζω (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, make ready, or equip'. It is related to the idea of things that are prepared or made for use.

G1638

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EK-poh-ma-ta

Translations: cups, drinking vessels, a cup, a drinking vessel

Notes: This word refers to drinking vessels or cups, often of a valuable or ornate nature. It is typically used in the plural to denote a collection of such items, as seen in contexts describing treasures or valuable possessions. It can refer to any container used for drinking.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΗΡΙΑ, ΣΚΕΥΗ

Etymology: The word ἔκπωμα (ekpōma) is derived from the prefix ἐκ- (ek-), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πίνω (pinō), meaning 'to drink'. Thus, it literally refers to something 'for drinking out of'.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.

G2010

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREP-ohn

Translations: allowing, permitting, entrusting, committing, giving leave, giving permission

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'allowing' or 'permitting'. It describes an ongoing action of giving permission or entrusting something to someone. It can function verbally, indicating an action, or adjectivally, describing a noun as 'the one who allows' or 'the one who permits'. It is often used to describe someone who grants authority or delegates responsibility.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and τρέπω (trepō, 'to turn'). The combination suggests 'to turn over to' or 'to turn towards, allowing'.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEES-thigh

Translations: to be called, to be named, to be invited

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'to call'. It means 'to be called' or 'to be invited'. It is used to express an action that is being done to the subject, rather than by the subject, and functions as a verbal noun, often indicating purpose or result.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΕΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to shout' or 'to call'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TEE-sin

Translations: appoints, establishes, sets, places, restores, brings back

Notes: This verb means to appoint, establish, set, or place someone or something in a particular position or state. It can also mean to restore or bring back to a former condition. It is used to describe the act of putting someone in authority, settling a matter, or causing something to be in a certain place.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to set down' or 'to establish'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G2237

Part of Speech: Verb Participle

Sounds like: hees-THEIS

Translations: having been pleased, having delighted, having rejoiced, delighted, pleased

Notes: This word is a past participle derived from the verb 'hēdomai', meaning 'to be pleased' or 'to delight in'. It describes someone who has experienced pleasure or delight. It is often used to indicate a state of being pleased or a past action of taking delight in something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'having been pleased by the news, he smiled'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΑΝΘΕΙΣ, ΧΑΡΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb ἥδομαι (hēdomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sweh₂d- meaning 'sweet, pleasant'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-loss

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a lover

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'lover.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection. It is often used to describe close relationships.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'philos' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of.' It is related to other words in Greek that express affection and friendship.

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-moh-lo-GEH-ee

Translations: was confessing, used to confess, was agreeing, used to agree, was acknowledging, used to acknowledge, was professing, used to profess

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'homologeo', meaning to confess, agree, acknowledge, or profess. It is a compound word formed from 'homos' (same) and 'logos' (word or speech), literally meaning 'to speak the same word' or 'to agree'. It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past, such as someone continuously confessing or repeatedly agreeing to something.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΟΜΟΦΩΝΕΩ

G4844

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: SOOM-ma-khos

Translations: ally, a confederate, a helper, a fellow-combatant, allied, confederate

Notes: This word can function as both a noun and an adjective. As a noun, it refers to an ally, a confederate, or someone who fights alongside another. As an adjective, it describes something or someone as allied or confederate. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μάχη' (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. Thus, it literally means 'fighting together'. It is used to describe those who join forces or provide assistance in a conflict or endeavor.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΒΟΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΜΑΧΟΣ is derived from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It describes someone who joins in battle or struggle with another.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DOY-ay

Translations: may he give back, may he render, may he pay back, may he restore

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to give back,' 'to render,' 'to pay back,' or 'to restore.' It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back,' and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give.' It implies a giving that is due, a return, or a repayment. It is used in contexts where something is returned or rendered to someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Optative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩ

G5543

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHRAY-stohn

Translations: of good, of useful, of kind, of excellent, of pleasant

Notes: This word describes something or someone as good, useful, kind, or excellent in nature or quality. It is often used to denote moral goodness or practical utility. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses these positive attributes.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΝ, ΚΑΛΩΝ, ΩΦΕΛΙΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ is derived from the verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It originally meant 'useful' or 'serviceable', and later developed the sense of 'good' or 'kind'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: too-KHOHN

Translations: having obtained, obtaining, happening, being, a chance, a common, an ordinary

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen,' 'to obtain,' or 'to meet with.' As a participle, it can function adjectivally, adverbially, or substantively. When used substantively, it can refer to 'one who happens' or 'an ordinary person' (e.g., 'a common person'). It often implies something that occurs by chance or is readily available.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩΝ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4314, G91

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ah-dee-KEE-see-en

Translations: to do wrong in addition, to injure further, to wrong besides

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (PROS), meaning 'to' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΑΔΙΚΕΩ (ADIKEŌ), meaning 'to do wrong' or 'to injure'. Therefore, the compound verb means 'to do wrong in addition' or 'to injure further'. It describes an action of committing an injustice or harm that is supplementary to or follows another wrong.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss (for the full word)

Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word appears to be a truncated or abbreviated form of the Koine Greek word ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos), meaning 'man,' 'human,' or 'person.' It is not a complete word in itself and would typically be seen as a misspelling or an intentional abbreviation in certain contexts, such as ancient manuscripts where space was limited. It refers to a human being, male or female, and can also refer to humanity in general.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular or Plural (truncated form)

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

G4784

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soong-khoh-RAY-san-toss

Translations: of having agreed, of having granted, of having permitted, of having allowed, of having pardoned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'sygchōreō', meaning to agree with, grant, permit, or pardon. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this genitive form, it often indicates the agent or cause of an action, similar to saying 'with the agreement of' or 'after someone has granted'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-na-ga-GON-tee

Translations: to gather, to assemble, to bring together, (to) having gathered, (to) having assembled, (to) having brought together

Notes: This word is a participle, meaning 'having gathered' or 'to the one who gathered'. It describes an action that has already taken place and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It is often used to indicate the agent of an action or the circumstances under which something occurs.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΙΡΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

G5403

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: foy-NEE-kays

Translations: of Phoenicia

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Phoenicia, an ancient civilization situated on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the region or its people, often in a geographical or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'the province of Phoenicia'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word Φοινίκη (Phoinikē) is derived from the Greek word φοῖνιξ (phoinix), which can refer to the date palm tree or the color purple-red. The region was known for its purple dye production and its date palms.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1551

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-eh-DEK-san-toh

Translations: they received, they accepted, they awaited, they expected

Notes: This is the aorist middle indicative, third person plural form of the verb ἐκδέχομαι (ekdechomai), which is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of' or 'from') and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai, meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'). The verb generally means to receive, accept, or await something or someone. In this specific form, it indicates that 'they' performed the action of receiving, accepting, or awaiting in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G522

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pan-TAY-san-TON

Translations: of those who met, of those who came to meet, of those who encountered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. It describes an action of meeting or coming face-to-face with someone or something. As a genitive plural participle, it typically functions to describe the action of a group of people in a possessive or relational sense, often translated with 'of those who' or 'when they'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΆΩ, ὙΠΑΝΤΆΩ

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TAH-san

Translations: having departed, having stood away, having withdrawn, having revolted, having fallen away

Notes: This word describes the action of departing, withdrawing, or standing away from something or someone. It can also imply a more severe separation, such as revolting or falling away from a belief or allegiance. It is often used to describe a physical or spiritual separation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΚΚΛΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀφίστημι (aphístēmi), from ἀπό (apó, 'from') + ἵστημι (hístēmi, 'to stand').

G3985

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pei-RAS-thai

Translations: to try, to test, to attempt, to experience, to prove, to make trial of

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to try, test, or attempt something. It can also mean to experience or prove something. It is often used in contexts of putting something to the test or making an effort to do something. For example, one might 'try' to accomplish a task or 'test' the quality of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΠΕΙΡΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΙΡΑΩ (peiraō) comes from the noun πεῖρα (peira), meaning 'a trial, an attempt, an experience'. This noun is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through, to cross over', suggesting the idea of going through an experience or a test.

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to apprehend

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω'. It generally means to take, receive, or get something. It can also imply seizing, grasping, or apprehending, depending on the context. It is used to express the action of acquiring or coming into possession of something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to grasp' or 'to seize'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW-tas

Translations: them, themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.

G1014

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: boo-loh-MEH-nais

Translations: to those wishing, to those desiring, to those intending, to those purposing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'boulomai', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to a group of feminine individuals who are wishing, desiring, or intending something, and it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

G1047

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zan

Translations: Gaza, a treasure, treasure

Notes: This word can refer to two distinct things: the city of Gaza, a significant city in ancient Philistia, or a store of wealth, a treasury, or treasure itself. When referring to the city, it is a proper noun. When referring to treasure, it is a common noun. Its meaning depends entirely on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'Γάζα' (Gaza) as a proper noun for the city is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning 'strong' or 'fortress'. As a common noun meaning 'treasure', it is believed to be of Persian origin, referring to the royal treasury.

G4314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AX-oh-me-nos

Translations: about to bring to, about to lead to, about to approach, about to offer, about to gain, about to win over

Notes: This word is a future middle/passive participle of the verb προσάγω (prosago). It describes an action that is about to happen, indicating the subject is on the point of bringing something or someone to a place, or approaching something, or offering something. In a middle voice context, it can mean 'about to bring to oneself' or 'about to gain for oneself'. It functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Future, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G0245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-loh-tree-OH-teh-ron

Translations: more alien, more foreign, more belonging to another, a more alien thing, a more foreign thing, a more belonging to another thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'allotrios', meaning 'alien' or 'foreign'. As a comparative, it signifies a greater degree of being alien, foreign, or belonging to someone else. It is used to describe something that is more estranged, more distant, or more completely the property of another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΩΤΕΡΟΝ

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tas

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those having, the ones holding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions both as a verb, indicating an action, and as an adjective, modifying a noun. In this form, it describes individuals or things that are in the process of having or holding something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G4335

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-kho-RAY-sai

Translations: to go over, to go forward, to approach, to join, to come over, to yield, to submit, to come to terms

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'προσχωρέω'. It describes the action of moving towards something or someone, often implying a change of allegiance, a surrender, or an act of joining. It can mean to go over to an enemy, to approach, or to yield to someone's terms.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3942

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ox-YOO-nen

Translations: provoked, angered, exasperated, incited

Notes: This word describes the act of provoking, angering, or exasperating someone. It implies a strong emotional reaction, often leading to irritation or indignation. It is used to describe an action that incites a negative response in another, such as a person provoking God or others.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΓΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παροξύνω (paroxúnō, “to sharpen, to incite, to irritate”), from παρά (pará, “beside, by”) + ὀξύνω (oxúnō, “to sharpen”), from ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp”).

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G4060

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-KAH-thee-sas

Translations: surrounding, besieging, sitting around, encamping around

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning "around" or "about," and the verb καθίζω (kathizo), meaning "to sit" or "to cause to sit." Therefore, it literally means "to sit around" or "to cause to sit around." In a military context, it is commonly used to describe the act of besieging a city or place, by encamping or sitting around it with an army. It can also refer to simply surrounding something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΕΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: The verb περικαθίζω (perikathizo) is a compound of περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about,' and καθίζω (kathizo), meaning 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit.' The root καθίζω comes from κάθημαι (kathēmai), 'to sit down,' which is itself from κατά (kata), 'down,' and ἧμαι (hēmai), 'to sit.'

G1048

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zay

Translations: Gaza

Notes: Gaza is the name of an ancient city located in the southwestern part of Canaan, near the Mediterranean coast. It was one of the five principal cities of the Philistines and is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament and New Testament. It is used as a geographical reference.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive or Dative or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Gaza' is of Semitic origin, likely from a root meaning 'strong' or 'fortress'. It has been known by this name since ancient times.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THAY-ren

Translations: destroyed, corrupted, ruined, spoiled, perverted, wasted

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb φθείρω (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. It means to utterly destroy, corrupt, or ruin something or someone. It can be used to describe physical destruction, moral corruption, or the spoiling of something good. It often implies a complete and thorough destruction or perversion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G1709

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-neh-PIM-prah

Translations: he was burning, it was burning, he was setting on fire, it was setting on fire

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἐμπίπρημι'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means 'he/she/it was burning' or 'he/she/it was setting on fire'. It is often used to describe the destruction of cities, lands, or buildings by fire.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΠΟΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἐμπίπρημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb πίπρημι (piprēmi), meaning 'to burn'. The root verb πίπρημι is related to πρήθω (prēthō), also meaning 'to blow' or 'to burn'.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PAS-khon-tas

Translations: suffering, enduring, experiencing, undergoing, being affected, a sufferer

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'suffering' or 'experiencing'. It describes someone who is currently undergoing an action or state, often one that is difficult or painful. It can be used to describe someone who is suffering from an illness, enduring hardship, or simply experiencing something, whether good or bad. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively as 'one who suffers'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΩΝ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-RON-tes

Translations: seeing, beholding, looking at, perceiving, observing, those seeing, the ones seeing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'οράω' (oraō), meaning 'to see' or 'to behold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, 'ο̄ρῶντες' refers to 'those who are seeing' or 'the ones who are beholding'. It can be used to describe people who are actively observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'οράω' (oraō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-deh-MEE-ahn

Translations: no, not one, none, not any, (not) a single

Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to emphasize the complete absence of something, often in a prohibitive or conditional context. It combines the negative particle 'μη' (mē) with 'εἷς' (heis), meaning 'one'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and εἷς (heis), meaning 'one'. It developed in ancient Greek to express a strong, subjective negation of 'one' or 'any', particularly in contexts of prohibition or potentiality.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: gih-no-MEH-nayn

Translations: being, becoming, happening, taking place, occurring

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or in the process of happening. It can be translated as 'being', 'becoming', 'happening', or 'taking place', depending on the context. For example, it might describe 'the thing happening' or 'the one who is becoming'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΗΝ

G3076

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ly-POON

Translations: grieving, causing pain, sorrowing, distressing, those who grieve, those who cause pain

Notes: ΛΥΠΟΥΝ is a form of the verb ΛΥΠΕΩ, meaning 'to grieve,' 'to cause pain,' or 'to distress.' As a participle, it describes someone or something that is actively performing this action. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who grieve'). In the provided context, it likely refers to 'those who cause me pain' or 'those who grieve me.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative Plural (Masculine/Feminine), Nominative Plural (Masculine/Feminine), Genitive Plural (All genders), Dative Plural (All genders), or Neuter Singular (Nominative/Accusative)

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΑΩ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G3918

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON

Translations: present, being present, the present, the present time, a present thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular nominative or accusative form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be present'. It can function as an adjective meaning 'present' or 'being present', or as a noun referring to 'the present time' or 'a present thing'. It describes something that is currently existing or happening.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΣ, ΝΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΩΝ (PARON) comes from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (PARA), meaning 'beside' or 'with', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'being beside' or 'being with', conveying the sense of presence.

G5623

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-feh-LEE-son

Translations: help, profit, benefit, be profitable, be of use

Notes: This word means to help, benefit, or be profitable. As an imperative, it is a command or an entreaty to provide assistance or advantage to someone. It is often used in contexts where one person is asking another to provide aid or to be of service.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ὨΦΕΛΈΩ (ōpheléō) is derived from the noun ὄφελος (óphelos), meaning 'advantage' or 'profit'. It signifies the act of bringing advantage or benefit.

G0082

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-DAY-lon

Translations: uncertain, unknown, obscure, indistinct, an uncertain thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning uncertain, unknown, or indistinct. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (meaning 'not' or 'un-') and 'δῆλος' (meaning 'clear' or 'evident'). Therefore, it literally means 'not clear' or 'not evident'. It is used to describe something that is not clearly seen, understood, or known, or something that is hidden or obscure. It can be used to refer to things that are doubtful or not yet revealed.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΗΣ, ΑΟΡΑΤΟΣ, ΑΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-GEH-noy-toh

Translations: might come, would come, arrive, be present, appear

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, it means 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. It is often used to describe someone or something arriving at a particular place or appearing on the scene.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G4998

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SOH-fron

Translations: sound-minded, self-controlled, prudent, sensible, temperate, discreet

Notes: This word describes someone who is of sound mind, exercising self-control and good judgment. It implies a balanced and disciplined character, often used to commend a person's sensible and moderate behavior. It can be used to describe a person, an action, or a way of life.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΡΑΤΗΣ, ΝΗΦΑΛΙΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of σῶς (sōs), meaning 'safe, sound', and φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind, intellect'. Thus, it literally means 'of sound mind' or 'having a sound mind'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-FEN-tes

Translations: having sent away, having let go, having left, having forgiven, having allowed, having abandoned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphiēmi'. It describes an action that has been completed, often translated as 'having sent away,' 'having let go,' 'having left,' 'having forgiven,' or 'having allowed.' It indicates that the subject has performed the action of sending, letting, leaving, or forgiving something or someone. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'having left their nets,' referring to fishermen who have abandoned their equipment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ἘΚΒΑΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΛΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: that, that one, that thing, the former

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned in the discourse. It functions similarly to 'this' but indicates a greater distance or a distinction from something closer or more immediate. For example, it can be used to distinguish 'that house' from 'this house'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: From a combination of the demonstrative particle ἐκεῖ (there) and the pronominal suffix -νος. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there'.

G2323

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: the-rah-PEH-oo-ein

Translations: to heal, to cure, to serve, to worship, to attend, to restore

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to heal' or 'to cure' in a physical sense, often referring to the restoration of health. It can also mean 'to serve' or 'to attend to' someone, implying care or ministration. In a religious context, it can mean 'to worship' or 'to render religious service to God'. Its meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΙΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'θεραπεύω' (therapeuō) comes from 'θεράπων' (therapōn), meaning 'attendant' or 'servant'. It originally referred to the act of serving or attending to someone, which then extended to caring for the sick and, by extension, healing them.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEM-psan-tes

Translations: having sent, sending, dispatching, escorting, accompanying

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ', meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'sending', indicating an action that has occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can also mean to escort or accompany someone.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-moh-lo-GOON

Translations: they were confessing, they were acknowledging, they were agreeing, they confessed, they acknowledged, they agreed

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'homologeo'. It describes an action of confessing, acknowledging, or agreeing that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It implies a continuous state of affirmation or admission, often in public or before others. For example, 'they were confessing their sins' or 'they were agreeing with the statement'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ (homologeo) is a compound word derived from the Greek words ΟΜΟΣ (homos), meaning 'same' or 'one and the same', and ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak the same word' or 'to agree with what is said'.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G3986

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEI-ras

Translations: trial, a trial, test, a test, attempt, an attempt, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to a trial, test, or attempt. It can also mean experience. It is often used in contexts of proving something or someone through a challenge or an ordeal. It can also refer to the act of making an experiment or an effort.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΙΡΑ comes from the verb περάω (perao), meaning 'to pass through, to traverse', suggesting the idea of going through an experience or a test.

G4920

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ee-AH-sin

Translations: they understand, they comprehend, they perceive, they know

Notes: This word means to understand, comprehend, or perceive. It implies a mental grasp of information or a situation. It is often used to describe the act of putting things together in one's mind to form a coherent understanding. For example, 'they understand the words' or 'they comprehend the situation'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek σύν (syn, 'with, together') and ἵημι (hiēmi, 'to send, to put'). The combination suggests 'to put together' in the mind, leading to the meaning of understanding or comprehending.

G4851

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soom-FEH-ron

Translations: advantageous, profitable, useful, beneficial, expedient, what is advantageous, what is profitable, advantage, profit, benefit

Notes: This word describes something that is advantageous, profitable, or beneficial. As an adjective, it can modify a noun to indicate that it is useful or expedient. When used as a neuter substantive (like 'το συμφέρον'), it refers to 'that which is advantageous' or 'the advantage/benefit' itself. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φέρω' (to bear, carry).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Verb

Sounds like: ka-KO

Translations: to evil, for evil, by evil, with evil, to a bad thing, for a bad thing, by a bad thing, with a bad thing, to harm, to afflict, to treat badly, to do evil

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'bad' or 'evil', or as a noun meaning 'evil' or 'a bad thing'. In its adjectival form, it is often used substantively, meaning 'the evil one' or 'evil things'. As a verb, it means 'to harm', 'to afflict', or 'to treat badly'. Its meaning can vary depending on context, often referring to moral evil, physical harm, or general adversity. It can be used in sentences like 'He did evil to them' or 'They suffered from evil'.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine, Neuter; or First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-noy

Translations: having become, being, having come to pass, having arisen, having been born, having happened

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or a state that has been achieved. It often translates as 'having become' or 'those who have become,' indicating a completed action that results in a new state or identity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: too-KHO-sin

Translations: they may obtain, they may happen, they may meet with, they may attain

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning "to happen," "to obtain," "to meet with," or "to attain." In this form, it indicates a potential or hypothetical action by a group of people, suggesting what they might achieve or encounter. It is often used in contexts where an outcome is desired or uncertain.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G1108, G3164

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: gno-see-MAH-khee-san-tes

Translations: having fought against knowledge, having resisted knowledge, having contended against knowledge

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'gnosis' (knowledge) and 'machomai' (to fight). It describes someone who has actively fought against or resisted knowledge, truth, or understanding. It implies a deliberate opposition to what is known or ought to be known. It is used to describe those who have contended against divine decree or established truth.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G3361, G3366

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MAYD

Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.

G0984

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: blah-VEN-tas

Translations: having been harmed, those who have been harmed, having been injured, those who have been injured

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb βλάπτω (blaptō), meaning "to harm" or "to injure." As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of being harmed or injured. It indicates a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΗΘΕΝΤΑΣ, ΖΗΜΙΩΘΕΝΤΑΣ

G290

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ah-MEH-ee-non

Translations: better, more excellent, more advantageously, more profitably

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ἀγαθός' (agathos), meaning 'good'. It signifies 'better' or 'more excellent' and can function as both an adjective, describing a noun, or an adverb, modifying a verb or another adjective, indicating something is done 'more excellently' or 'more advantageously'. It is often used in constructions comparing two things or actions.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΚΡΕΙΤΤΩΝ, ΒΕΛΤΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀμείνων (ameinōn) is the irregular comparative form of ἀγαθός (agathos, 'good'). Its origin is ancient, tracing back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to strength or excellence.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G2210

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: zay-mee-OH-then-tes

Translations: having suffered loss, having been penalized, having been fined, having been punished, having been damaged

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'ζημιόω' (zēmioō), meaning 'to suffer loss' or 'to be penalized'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has experienced a loss, penalty, or damage. It functions adjectivally or adverbially, modifying a noun or verb to show the state or circumstance of having been harmed or fined.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΩ, ΑΔΙΚΕΩ

G0138

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-ROON-tahee

Translations: they choose, they take, they lift, they carry, they prefer

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they choose', 'they take', 'they lift', or 'they carry'. It is often used to describe a group of people making a selection or decision, or physically taking or lifting something. The meaning can vary depending on the context, sometimes implying a preference or selection, and other times a physical action.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to grasp, to take'. It is related to words meaning 'to seize' or 'to lift'.

G4934

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-THEM-eh-nos

Translations: having agreed, having covenanted, having made a compact, having arranged, having put together

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συντίθημι', meaning 'to put together, to agree, to covenant'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It indicates that someone has come to an agreement or made a compact.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'συντίθημι' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'τίθημι' (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Thus, it literally means 'to put together' or 'to place with', which evolved to mean 'to agree' or 'to make a compact'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G1909, G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AYL-then

Translations: came upon, came over, came, went, arrived, attacked, befell

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.' In this form, it means 'he/she/it came upon,' 'came over,' 'befell,' or 'attacked.' It describes an action of coming or going that has an impact or effect on something or someone, often implying an arrival or an onset, such as a curse or a calamity coming upon someone.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΗΛΘΕΝ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΗΛΘΕΝ

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, unto, even to

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' and is typically followed by the genitive case. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while', introducing a clause that specifies a time limit. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It denotes a point or period that something reaches or continues.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G1154

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dah-mas-KOO

Translations: of Damascus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Damascus', referring to the ancient city in Syria. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Damascus' or 'Damascus'' in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the king of Damascus' or 'the people of Damascus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Damascus' is of ancient Semitic origin, possibly meaning 'well-watered place'. It has been continuously inhabited for millennia and is one of the oldest cities in the world.

G0191

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-koo-sthen-TON

Translations: of having been heard, of those having been heard, of things having been heard

Notes: This word is a passive aorist participle, meaning 'having been heard' or 'when they had been heard'. It describes something or someone that has undergone the action of being heard. It is often used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating an action that occurred prior to the main verb.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ἈΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΩΝ, ἈΚΟΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀκούω (akouō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'.

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-el-THAYN

Translations: to go forth, to come forth, to go forward, to come forward, to advance, to proceed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟ (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth,' and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.' As an infinitive, it describes the action of going or coming forth, forward, or in advance. It can be used to indicate movement towards a place, progression in time, or the act of appearing publicly.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟ (pro), meaning 'before, forth,' and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come, to go.' The verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is derived from an ancient Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go.'

G4650

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-DAH-san

Translations: they scattered, they dispersed, they broke up, they routed

Notes: This word describes the action of scattering, dispersing, or breaking up something, often implying a forceful or complete disorganization. It can refer to people being scattered, an army being routed, or even laws or principles being disregarded and broken up. It is used to indicate that a group of individuals performed this action in the past.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΕΔΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΕΔΑΝΝΥΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to scatter, disperse'. It is related to other Greek words that convey the idea of spreading or separating.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEE-ah

Translations: army, host, a host

Notes: This word refers to an army, a military force, or a large group of people, often a heavenly host. It is commonly used to describe a body of soldiers or a multitude of individuals acting together. For example, it can refer to the 'army of heaven' or a human military force.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΙΑ (stratia) comes from the Greek word στρατός (stratos), meaning 'encampment' or 'army'. It refers to a body of soldiers or a host.

G3342

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: meh-TAHK-soo

Translations: between, among, while, meanwhile

Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb. As a preposition, it means 'between' or 'among', indicating a position or relationship between two or more things or people. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'in the meantime' or 'while'. For example, it can describe something located spatially between two points, or an event occurring temporally between two other events.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝ ΜΕΣΩ, ΜΕΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΞΥ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μέσος (mesos, 'middle') or a compound involving μετά (meta, 'with, among').

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LAH-bon

Translations: they took up, they received, they supposed, they answered, they understood, they assumed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo, 'under') and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambanō, 'to take, receive'). It means to take up, receive, or assume. Depending on the context, it can also mean to suppose, to answer (by taking up a statement), or to understand. It is often used to describe taking someone or something up, or forming an opinion or understanding about something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON

Translations: leaving, forsaking, abandoning, deserting, remaining, being left behind

Notes: ΚΑΤΑΛΙΠΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, meaning 'to leave behind, forsake, abandon, or desert'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (to leave). As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'having left' or 'by leaving'. It can also imply a state of being left behind or remaining.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-ah-gah-GOHN

Translations: having gathered, having brought together, having assembled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'to gather' or 'to bring together'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that the subject 'having gathered' or 'having assembled' something or someone, then proceeded to do something else. It implies a completed action that precedes the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΙΡΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EEN

Translations: was bringing, was carrying, was bearing, brought, carried, bore

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἐνφέρω' (enphero), meaning 'to bring in' or 'to carry in'. It is used to describe an action of bringing or carrying something into a place or situation. It can also imply bringing forth or producing. The form 'ἐνῆν' specifically indicates an action that was ongoing in the past (imperfect tense) or a completed action in the past (aorist tense), depending on context, often with the sense of 'there was' or 'it was in'.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G2425

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-kah-NO-tah-ton

Translations: most sufficient, very sufficient, most able, very able, most competent, very competent

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ἱκανός' (hikanos), meaning 'sufficient' or 'able'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of sufficiency, ability, or competence. It describes something or someone as being 'most' or 'very' sufficient, able, or competent for a particular task or situation.

Inflection: Superlative, Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΡΚΟΥΝΤΩΤΑΤΟΣ

G4339

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ek-AH-thay-toh

Translations: was sitting, was encamped, was besieging, was remaining, was staying

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and κάθημαι (kathēmai, 'to sit'). It describes the action of sitting near or by something, often implying a continuous or prolonged state. Depending on the context, it can mean to sit down, to remain, to stay, or, in a military context, to encamp or besiege a place. It is used to describe someone settling in a location or maintaining a position.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ, ΜΕΝΩ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΕΩ

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-tah-ton

Translations: most fortified, most secure, most strong, most impregnable, a most fortified, a most secure, a most strong, a most impregnable

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ὀχυρός' (ochyros), meaning 'fortified' or 'strong'. Therefore, 'ὀχυρώτατον' means 'most fortified' or 'most strong'. It describes something that is extremely well-protected, secure, or difficult to overcome, such as a city, a place, or a position. It is used to emphasize the highest degree of strength or security.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ἈΣΦΑΛΈΣΤΑΤΟΝ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΝ, ἸΣΧΥΡΌΤΑΤΟΝ

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TEH-khen

Translations: he was holding, she was holding, it was holding, he was possessing, she was possessing, it was possessing, he was restraining, she was restraining, it was restraining, he was occupying, she was occupying, it was occupying, he was keeping back, she was keeping back, it was keeping back

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb ΚΑΤΕΧΩ. It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. The verb ΚΑΤΕΧΩ means to hold down, hold fast, possess, occupy, restrain, or keep back. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a firm grip or control over something or someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHROU-rah

Translations: guard, a guard, garrison, a garrison, watch, a watch, prison, a prison

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a body of guards, a garrison, or a place of confinement like a prison. It can also refer to the act of guarding or keeping watch. It is used to describe military protection or a place where someone is held under guard.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΗ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word Φρουρά (phroura) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to watch over'. It is related to the idea of foresight and protection.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DEH-loh-tai

Translations: it has been made clear, it has been shown, it has been declared, it has been revealed

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear,' 'to show,' or 'to declare.' In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present, specifically that something 'has been made clear' or 'has been shown.' It is used to state a fact that is now evident or established.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-GAY-ran-tos

Translations: of raising, of having raised, of having awakened, of having stood up, of having built, of having restored

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐγείρω' (egeirō), meaning 'to raise,' 'to awaken,' 'to stand up,' 'to build,' or 'to restore.' As a genitive masculine singular participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, often translated as 'of the one who raised' or 'of him who raised.' It describes the action of raising or causing something to rise, often in a completed sense (aorist tense). It can refer to raising from sleep, raising from the dead, raising a building, or raising a person to a position.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΟΡΘΟΩ

G3181

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NEE-ma-ta

Translations: devices, machines, contrivances, inventions, engines, instruments, mechanisms, implements, stratagems, plots, schemes

Notes: This word refers to mechanical devices, tools, or instruments. It can also denote cunning plans, stratagems, or inventions, highlighting the ingenuity involved in their creation. It is used in the plural form.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΑ, ΟΡΓΑΝΑ, ΤΕΧΝΑΣΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mēchanē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It refers to a means, instrument, or contrivance.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: is-TAN-tos

Translations: of standing, of setting, of placing, of establishing, while standing, when standing, as standing, while setting, when setting, as setting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand', 'to set', 'to place', or 'to establish'. As a genitive participle, it often indicates a temporal or causal relationship, meaning 'while/when/as (someone) is standing/setting/placing' or 'because (someone) is standing/setting/placing'. It can also function adjectivally, describing something that is standing or being set.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΤΗΚΟΝΤΟΣ, ΤΙΘΕΝΤΟΣ, ΕΣΤΑΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stand'. It is related to words in many other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of standing or causing to stand.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: khro-MEH-noo

Translations: of using, of employing, of dealing with, of experiencing, of associating with, of those using, of those employing, of those dealing with, of those experiencing, of those associating with

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use, employ, deal with, or experience'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of using or dealing with something. It often refers to 'those who use' or 'those who deal with' something, depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Genitive, Singular, Masculine/Neuter; or Present, Middle/Passive, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΕΥΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2904

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KRAH-toss

Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength

Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eks-ahee-re-THEN-tos

Translations: of having been taken out, of having been removed, of having been set apart, of having been delivered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to take out, remove, set apart, or deliver'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates something or someone that has been taken out or delivered from a particular situation or group.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ἈΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΞΑΙΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-af-tha-ROH-sin

Translations: destroy, corrupt, ruin, spoil, perish, be destroyed, be corrupted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb ΦΘΕΙΡΩ (PHTHEIRO), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. Together, it means to utterly destroy, corrupt completely, or ruin. It can be used to describe the destruction of physical things, the moral corruption of people, or the perishing of something. In this form, it indicates an action that might happen or is desired to happen.

Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-xee-OON

Translations: they were thinking worthy, they were deeming worthy, they were demanding, they were asking, they were requesting

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to demand,' 'to ask,' or 'to request.' It implies that the subjects were considering something or someone to be deserving of a particular action or status, or that they were making a strong request or demand.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-li-PEIN

Translations: to leave behind, to abandon, to forsake, to desert, to depart from, to bequeath

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'καταλείπω'. It is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'λείπω' (to leave). It means to leave something or someone behind, to abandon, or to forsake. It can also refer to leaving something as a legacy or inheritance. It is often used in contexts where someone departs from a place, leaves a person, or abandons a practice.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DOOS

Translations: giving, having given, a giver, one who gives

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to give'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of giving, or has already given. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man giving the gift' or 'he spoke, giving a warning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-BAL-lei

Translations: he casts out, she casts out, it casts out, he throws out, she throws out, it throws out, he drives out, she drives out, it drives out, he sends out, she sends out, it sends out, he brings out, she brings out, it brings out, he puts out, she puts out, it puts out, he expels, she expels, it expels, he divorces, she divorces, it divorces

Notes: This word means to cast out, throw out, drive out, or send out. It can also mean to bring out, put out, or expel. In some contexts, it can specifically refer to divorcing someone. It is used to describe the action of removing something or someone from a place or situation, often with force or authority.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΩΘΕΩ

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-RAS

Translations: lifting, having lifted, taking up, carrying, removing, taking away

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to lift,' 'to take up,' 'to carry,' or 'to remove.' As a participle, it describes an action that is happening or has happened, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates the subject is performing the action of lifting or taking something. For example, 'lifting his face' or 'having taken the rod.'

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΑΙΡΩ

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-go-MEH-nohn

Translations: of things being said, of things being spoken, of things being told, of things being called

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb while retaining verbal qualities. In this form, it refers to 'things that are being said' or 'things that are being spoken about'. It is used to describe the subject or object of a statement or discussion.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOONG-kha-nen

Translations: was, happened to be, obtained, met with, chanced to be

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It describes an action or state that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It can mean 'to happen to be' (often implying a state of being or existence), 'to obtain' (to get or acquire something), or 'to meet with' (to encounter someone or something). In many contexts, it functions as a copula, meaning 'was' or 'happened to be'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EEL-then

Translations: he/she/it went before, he/she/it went forward, he/she/it proceeded, he/she/it advanced

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Together, it means 'to go before', 'to go forward', or 'to proceed'. It is used to describe someone or something moving ahead or advancing in a particular direction or action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-DOHS

Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oos

Translations: enemies, hostile ones

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone. It is often used as a substantive noun to mean 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. In a sentence, it would typically describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΥΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word πόλεμος (polemos) means 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) is used to form adjectives indicating belonging or relation. Thus, πολεμίος means 'belonging to war' or 'hostile', and by extension, 'an enemy'.

G3129

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mah-THON-tes

Translations: having learned, learning, those who learned, when they learned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to learn' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or an adverbial clause. It can indicate a prior action (having learned) or a concurrent action (while learning), depending on context. It often implies the result or consequence of the learning.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΙΔΟΤΕΣ

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-line

Translations: to be about to, to intend to, to be destined to, to delay, to hesitate

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb μέλλω. It is commonly used with an infinitive to express an action that is imminent, intended, or destined to happen. It can also indicate a delay or hesitation in doing something. For example, it might be used to say 'he is about to go' or 'they intend to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- 'to grind, crush'. The meaning evolved to 'to be about to' or 'to delay', possibly through the idea of 'grinding to a halt' or 'being on the verge of something'.

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2523

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-thee-SAN-tes

Translations: having sat down, sitting down, when they sat down, after they sat down

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit'. It describes an action of sitting that has already occurred or is ongoing, often implying a state resulting from that action. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'having sat down' or 'while sitting'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΔΡΑΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G3903

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-es-keh-YOO-ah-zeh-toh

Translations: was being prepared, was preparing himself, was preparing itself

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'παρασκευάζω' (paraskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to get ready'. In this form, it indicates an action that was ongoing in the past, specifically that someone or something was in the process of being prepared, or was preparing themselves/itself. It is often used to describe preparations for a journey, battle, or any significant event.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-oos

Translations: own, one's own, their own, his own, private, peculiar

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It is often used substantively, meaning 'one's own people' or 'one's own possessions/things'. It emphasizes a personal connection or belonging.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ, ἘΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self'. It developed to signify something belonging to oneself or peculiar to an individual.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-stah-THEN-tohn

Translations: having been appointed, having been established, having been set, having been put, of those appointed, of those established, of those set, of those put

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'kathistēmi', meaning 'to appoint, establish, set, or put'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes a group of people or things that have been appointed, established, or set in a particular place or role. It often implies a completed action with a continuing result.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΙΟΡΙΣΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΟΡΙΣΘΕΝΤΩΝ

G3577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-too

Translations: of the back, of a back, of the ridge, of the surface

Notes: This word refers to the back of a body, whether human or animal. It can also refer to the ridge of a mountain or the surface of something. In a figurative sense, it can denote turning one's back on something, implying rejection or abandonment.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΡΑΧΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of ΝΩΤΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be an ancient word with no clear connection to other Indo-European roots.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nohn

Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, of those who became, of those who happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, often indicating an action that has already occurred. It can describe a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΩΝ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

Etymology: The word 'ginomai' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.

G1167

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DAY-san-tes

Translations: fearing, having feared, being afraid, having been afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having feared" or "being afraid." It describes an action that happened in the past and resulted in a state of fear. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as a clause (e.g., "those who feared" or "when they feared"). It is often used to describe the state of someone who has experienced fear.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΙ

G3319

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-soy

Translations: middle, midst, among, between, those in the middle

Notes: This word refers to something that is in the middle, in the midst of, or between other things. It can describe a physical location or a state of being surrounded. It is often used with prepositions like 'en' (in) or 'ana' (among) to indicate being 'in the midst of' or 'among' something.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΙΑΜΕΣΟΣ, ΜΕΣΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΣΟΣ (mesos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *medʰyo-, meaning 'middle' or 'between'. It is related to Latin medius and English mid.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leef-THEN-tes

Translations: taken, received, seized, arrested, caught, apprehended, obtained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has been taken, received, seized, or apprehended. It often implies being caught or arrested, especially in a negative sense, but can also refer to obtaining something. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'those who were taken' or 'having been seized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones

Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LEE-pon

Translations: I left behind, I abandoned, I forsook, I deserted, I bequeathed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λείπω (leipō, meaning 'to leave'). It generally means to leave something or someone behind, to abandon, or to forsake. It can also be used in the sense of bequeathing or leaving an inheritance. It is often used to describe leaving a place, a person, or a custom.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

G2448

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAHS

Translations: Judas, Judah

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person or a geographical region. In the New Testament, it most commonly refers to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus, or to Judas, the brother of Jesus. It can also refer to the tribe of Judah or the kingdom of Judah in the Old Testament context. It is used as a subject or object in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehudah), meaning 'praised'. It refers to the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, and subsequently to the tribe and kingdom descended from him.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: KHA-psee-OH-oo

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. There is no known Koine Greek word 'ΧΑΨΕΟΥ'. Given the context of the example usage, it is highly probable that 'ΧΑΨΕΟΥ' is a misspelling or corruption of 'ΑΨΑΛΩΜ' (Absalom), which is a proper noun and a common name in biblical texts. The preceding text 'ΜΑΤΘΙΑΣ Ο ἈΨΑ...' strongly suggests a name is being introduced, and 'Absalom' fits the pattern of biblical names. If it were 'ΑΨΑΛΩΜ', it would refer to Absalom, King David's son.

Inflection: Unknown, likely a misspelling of a proper noun.

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-ge-MOH-nes

Translations: rulers, governors, leaders, commanders, a ruler, a governor, a leader, a commander

Notes: This word refers to those who hold a position of authority or leadership, such as a governor, a commander, or a chief. It is often used in the context of political or military leadership. It is the plural form of the noun.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΗΓΕΜΩΝ comes from the Greek verb ἥγημαι (hēgēmai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. It refers to one who leads or guides others.

G0615

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pog-NO-seh-ohs

Translations: of despair, of a despair, of hopelessness, of a hopelessness

Notes: This word refers to a state of despair or hopelessness. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'γνῶσις' (gnosis), meaning 'knowledge' or 'understanding', but in this context, it refers to a 'giving up of knowledge' or 'abandonment of hope'. It describes a complete loss of hope or confidence, often leading to a feeling of utter helplessness. It can be used in sentences to describe the condition or state of someone who has given up all hope.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΘΥΜΙΑ, ἈΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΓΝΩΣΙΣ is derived from the verb ἀπογιγνώσκω (apogignōskō), meaning 'to give up hope', 'to despair', or 'to renounce'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'.

G5599

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: having pushed, having thrust, having driven away, having repelled

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ὠθέω' (otheo), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence. In the middle voice, it implies the subject performs the action for themselves or on themselves, or that the action affects the subject directly. Therefore, 'having pushed' or 'having driven away' are common translations, indicating a completed action of pushing or repelling.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΩΘΕΩ, ΕΞΩΘΕΩ, ΠΡΟΩΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ὠθέω (otheo) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'. It is related to similar words in other Indo-European languages.

G2655

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tep-LEEX-an

Translations: they were astonished, they were amazed, they struck with astonishment

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to strike with astonishment, to amaze, or to astound. It describes a strong emotional reaction of surprise or wonder, often implying a sense of being overwhelmed or dumbfounded by something remarkable or unexpected. It is used to describe the effect something has on people, causing them to be utterly amazed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΠΛΗΣΣΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb ΠΛΗΣΣΩ (plesso), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite.' The combination suggests a forceful impact that results in astonishment.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-na-kho-RAY-san-tes

Translations: having withdrawn, having departed, having gone away, having retired, having returned

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating a completed action. It describes someone or something that has withdrawn, departed, gone away, or retired from a place or situation. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and conveys the sense of 'those who have withdrawn' or 'after they withdrew'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΝΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχωρέω (anachōreō) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, come'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room back'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: tra-PEN-tas

Translations: having been turned, having been put to flight, routed

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'τρέπω' (trepō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to put to flight'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred to the subject. In this form, it indicates that the subjects have been turned or routed, often implying defeat in battle.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΥΓΟΝΤΑΣ, ΗΤΤΗΘΕΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word τρέπω (trepō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the idea of turning or changing direction.

G1943, G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-sool-leh-GEN-tes

Translations: having been gathered together, having been collected, having assembled

Notes: This is a compound word, a perfect passive participle, masculine plural, nominative or accusative, derived from the verb 'συλλέγω' (to gather together) with the prefix 'ἐπί-' (upon, in addition). It describes a group of people who have been gathered or assembled together, often implying a deliberate or additional collection. It is used to indicate a state of being gathered or having completed the action of gathering.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΑΘΡΟΙΣΘΕΝΤΕΣ

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-OH-kane

Translations: to pursue, to chase, to follow after, to persecute, to strive for, to press on

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΔΙΩΚΩ. It means to pursue, chase, or follow after, often with intensity or determination. It can be used in a literal sense of physically chasing someone or something, or in a figurative sense of persecuting someone, or striving earnestly toward a goal or ideal.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ, ΜΕΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΩΚΩ comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to run swiftly' or 'to put to flight'. It is related to words describing rapid movement or expulsion.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G4650

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ske-DA-son

Translations: scattering, dispersing, having scattered, having dispersed

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or variant of ΣΚΕΔΑΣΩΝ (skedason), which is the aorist active participle of the verb ΣΚΕΔΑΝΝΥΜΙ (skedannymi). It means 'scattering' or 'dispersing', indicating an action that has been completed. It describes someone or something that has caused a scattering or dispersion. For example, 'the one having scattered' or 'they having dispersed'.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΕΙΡΩ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4754

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TOH-peh-don

Translations: camp, an army, an encampment

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'στρατός' (army) and 'πέδον' (ground or plain). It refers to a military camp or an army itself, especially when arrayed for battle or encamped. It is used to describe the physical location where soldiers reside or the collective body of soldiers.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'στρατός' (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army', and 'πέδον' (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'plain'. It literally means 'army ground' or 'army plain'.

G1365

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: diss-KHEE-lee-oos

Translations: two thousand

Notes: This word means 'two thousand'. It is a compound word formed from 'δύο' (two) and 'χίλιοι' (thousand). It is used to indicate a quantity of two thousand units of something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'two thousand men' or 'two thousand years'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΔΙΣΧΙΛΙΟΙ is a compound of δύο (dyo), meaning 'two', and χίλιοι (chilioi), meaning 'thousand'. It is a direct combination of these two numerical terms.

G0615

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pok-TEI-nas

Translations: having killed, having slain, one who kills, one who slays

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἀποκτείνω', meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often translates as 'having killed' or 'one who has killed', indicating the subject has completed the action of killing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκτείνω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the action of killing, emphasizing the complete removal of life.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sen

Translations: returned, went back, came back

Notes: This word means 'returned' or 'went back'. It describes the action of someone or something going back to a previous place or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G4307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRO-noy-ah

Translations: providence, a providence, foresight, forethought, provision

Notes: This word refers to foresight, forethought, or divine providence. It implies a careful planning or provision for the future, often with a sense of divine care or guidance. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the noun νοῦς (nous), meaning "mind" or "intellect," suggesting a "mind before" or "fore-mind."

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΒΛΕΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑ (pronoia) is derived from the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning "to perceive, to think, to understand." It literally means "fore-thinking" or "fore-knowing."

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khoh-REH-ee

Translations: goes, proceeds, makes room, contains, holds, advances, has room, makes way, gives way

Notes: This verb describes movement, often implying progression or making space. It can mean to go, proceed, or advance. It can also refer to having capacity, such as to contain or hold something, or to make room for something. In some contexts, it can mean to give way or withdraw.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From the noun χώρα (chōra), meaning 'place' or 'space'. The verb literally means 'to make space' or 'to go to a place'.

G0340

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-neh-OH-sas-thai

Translations: to renew, to be renewed, to make new again

Notes: This word means to renew or to make new again. It implies a restoration to a former, better state, or a complete transformation into something new. It is often used in the context of spiritual or moral renewal, or the renewal of a relationship or covenant. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'again' or 'anew', and the verb νεόω (neóo), meaning 'to make new'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΊΖΩ, ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΌΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνανεόω (ananéoo) is derived from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'again' or 'anew', and the verb νεόω (neóo), meaning 'to make new'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having occurred, having arisen, having been made, having been done

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates a completed state or event, often translated with 'having been' or 'having become' followed by a past participle.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΥΙΑΝ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nay

Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.

G1715

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.

G0390

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nas-TREH-foo-sin

Translations: they turn back, they return, they conduct themselves, they live, they behave

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'back') and the verb στρέφω (strephō, meaning 'to turn'). It can mean to turn back, return, or to revolve. In a figurative sense, it refers to one's manner of life, conduct, or behavior, meaning to conduct oneself or to live. It describes how people act or move in a particular place or situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναστρέφω is derived from the prefix ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb στρέφω (stréphō), meaning 'to turn'. It literally means 'to turn up' or 'to turn back', and developed the figurative sense of 'to conduct oneself' or 'to live'.

G0658

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fih-KEH-sthai

Translations: to arrive, to come, to reach, to get to

Notes: This word is the aorist infinitive form of the verb 'ἀφικνέομαι', meaning 'to arrive' or 'to come to'. It describes the action of reaching a destination or a particular state. It is often used to indicate the completion of a journey or the attainment of a goal.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΗΚΕΙΝ, ΦΘΑΝΕΙΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from') and ἱκνέομαι (hikneomai, 'to come, to arrive'). It literally means 'to come from' or 'to arrive from a place'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: they came, I came, he came, she came, it came

Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be used for the 1st person singular ('I came') or the 3rd person plural ('they came'), and sometimes 3rd person singular ('he/she/it came') depending on context and subject agreement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G3928

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-el-THON-tes

Translations: having passed by, having gone past, having gone away, having come to an end

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρέρχομαι', meaning 'to pass by', 'to go past', or 'to come to an end'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to indicate the manner or time of another action, or adjectivally to describe a noun. It implies movement beyond a point or the completion of a period.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-layn

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, plan, or purpose, often implying a deliberate decision or intention. It can be used to describe human plans or, frequently in the New Testament, the divine will or purpose of God. It is used in sentences to indicate the object of an action, such as 'to know the counsel' or 'to understand the plan'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē) comes from the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, to wish, to intend'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs

Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest

Notes: This is a compound noun, meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, often the head of the priestly order, who held significant religious and sometimes political authority. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priest' or 'from the high priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) is a compound of ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEM-psi-en

Translations: might send, would send, could send

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. It is used to express a potential or hypothetical action of sending, often in a context where the action is desired, possible, or contingent upon certain conditions. It implies a sense of uncertainty or possibility regarding the act of sending.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΜΠΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to send' or 'to conduct'.

G0950

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: beh-bah-ee-OH-see

Translations: will confirm, will establish, will make firm, will make sure, will guarantee

Notes: This word means to make something firm, secure, or certain. It is used to describe the act of confirming, establishing, or guaranteeing something, often in a legal or spiritual context. For example, it can refer to God confirming His promises or establishing believers in their faith.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΚΥΡΟΩ, ΠΙΣΤΟΩ

Etymology: From the adjective βέβαιος (bebaios), meaning 'firm, steadfast, secure', which is derived from the root of βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go, to stand'. The verb βεβαιόω means to make firm or establish.

G1991

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-koo-roh-SAH-sees

Translations: having ratified, having confirmed, having approved

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epikyroo', meaning 'to ratify', 'to confirm', or 'to approve'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has been completed. It describes someone or something that has performed the action of ratifying or confirming.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΩΣΑΣΗΣ, ΚΥΡΩΣΑΣΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΚΥΡΩΣΑΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΚΥΡΟΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΚΥΡΟΩ (kyroo), meaning 'to confirm' or 'to ratify'.

G5373

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-LEE-as

Translations: of friendship, of affection, of love

Notes: This word refers to the bond of friendship, affection, or love between individuals. It describes a close relationship characterized by mutual regard and goodwill. In a sentence, it would typically indicate the nature of a relationship or the quality of affection, often appearing in a genitive construction to show possession or origin, such as 'the bond of friendship'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΣ, ΕΡΩΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΡΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΙΑ (philia) comes from the Greek word φίλος (philos), meaning 'beloved, dear, friendly'. It is related to the verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love, to be fond of'.

G1097

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: eg-NOHS-me-nah

Translations: known, understood, recognized, decided, things known, what is known

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginosko), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that has been known, understood, or recognized. In the provided examples, it refers to things that have been decided or established.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΤΑ, ΕΙΔΟΤΑ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: DOO-sees

Translations: of giving, of having given

Notes: ΔΟΥΣΗΣ is the genitive singular feminine form of the aorist active participle of the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a feminine subject in the past. It often translates as 'of one who gave' or 'of her who gave', indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tas

Translations: all, every, the whole, everyone

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate the entirety of a group or quantity. In this form, it is the masculine or feminine accusative plural, meaning it refers to 'all' or 'everyone' as the direct object of a verb, or after a preposition that takes the accusative case.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἁ- (ha-), meaning 'together' or 'one and the same', and πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It emphasizes the totality or completeness of something.

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-MI-zane

Translations: to carry, to bring, to convey, to receive, to obtain, to get back

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to carry' or 'to bring' something from one place to another. It can also mean 'to receive' or 'to obtain' something, often implying getting something back that was previously given or due. It is used to describe the action of transporting or acquiring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΜΙΖΩ comes from the Greek word κομέω (koméō), meaning 'to take care of, to attend to'. Over time, its meaning evolved to include 'to carry' or 'to bring'.

G0804

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: as-fa-LOOS

Translations: (of) safe, (of) secure, (of) certain, (of) sure, (of) steadfast, (of) reliable

Notes: This word describes something that is safe, secure, or certain. It can refer to a person, place, or thing that is firm, trustworthy, or free from danger. It is often used to emphasize the reliability or certainty of a statement or event.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΣΦΑΛΗΣ comes from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'σφάλλω' (sphallō), meaning 'to cause to fall' or 'to stumble'. Thus, it literally means 'not falling' or 'unfailing'.

G2863

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-MEE-dees

Translations: care, a care, provision, a provision, collection, a collection, bringing, a bringing, conveyance, a conveyance, delivery, a delivery

Notes: This word refers to the act of caring for something, providing for needs, or collecting and bringing things together. It can also denote the act of conveying or delivering something. It is often used in contexts related to the gathering of resources or the act of bringing something to a specific place.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ, ΣΥΛΛΟΓΗ, ΦΟΡΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the verb κομίζω (komizō), meaning 'to carry, bring, or take care of'.

G0390

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-STREH-fon-tes

Translations: turning back, returning, living, behaving, conducting oneself, associating with

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἈΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'turning back' or 'returning', but it also frequently refers to one's manner of life, behavior, or conduct, meaning 'living', 'behaving', or 'associating with'. It describes an ongoing action or state.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ

G4646

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: SPAR-ten

Translations: Sparta

Notes: This word refers to Sparta, an ancient Greek city-state located in the Peloponnese. It was renowned for its military prowess, discipline, and unique social system. In ancient texts, it is often mentioned in historical and geographical contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The origin of the name 'Sparta' is uncertain, but it is believed to be pre-Greek. It may be related to the Greek word 'σπαρτός' (spartos), meaning 'sown' or 'scattered', possibly referring to the scattered settlements that formed the city.

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they came, they arrived, they were present

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be.' Together, it means 'to come alongside,' 'to arrive,' or 'to be present.' It describes the act of someone or a group of people arriving at a particular place or being present at an event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-bon

Translations: I took, they took, I received, they received, I seized, they seized

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to seize'. The ending '-ον' indicates that it can be either the first person singular ('I took/received/seized') or the third person plural ('they took/received/seized'). The aorist tense describes a simple, completed action in the past, without emphasis on its duration or repetition. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they took the book' or 'I received the message'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G0499

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-grah-fon

Translations: copy, a copy, duplicate, a duplicate

Notes: This word refers to a copy or a duplicate of an original document or text. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. It is used to denote something that has been written out again, replicating an original.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΝ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀντί (anti, 'against, in place of') and γράφω (graphō, 'to write'). It literally means 'that which is written against' or 'that which is written in place of' (the original).

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TO-deh

Translations: this, this here, the following, a this

Notes: ΤΟΔΕ is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε. It is used to point to something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned, often translated as 'this' or 'this here'. It can also refer to something that is about to be mentioned, meaning 'the following'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΥΤΩΣ

Etymology: From the definite article ὁ (ho) and the enclitic particle -δε (-de), which indicates proximity or direction 'to here'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G1087

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-roo-SEE-ah

Translations: council of elders, senate, a council of elders, a senate

Notes: This word refers to a council of elders, often a governing body or a legislative assembly, similar to a senate. It was used to describe the Sanhedrin in Jerusalem, which was the supreme council and tribunal of the Jews. It functions as a singular noun in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word γέρων (gerōn), meaning 'old man' or 'elder'. It refers to a body composed of elders.

G2839

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KOY-non

Translations: common, shared, public, a common thing, the common thing, a community, the community

Notes: This word refers to something that is common, shared, or public. As an adjective, it describes something belonging to or used by all. As a neuter noun, it can refer to a common thing, a public matter, or even a community or commonwealth.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom-yos, meaning 'common, shared'. It is related to the idea of 'togetherness' or 'fellowship'.

G2789

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: lah-keh-dai-MOH-nee-ohn

Translations: of the Lacedaemonians, of the Spartans

Notes: This word refers to the Lacedaemonians, who were the inhabitants of Lacedaemon, more commonly known as Sparta. It is used in a possessive sense, indicating something belonging to or associated with the Lacedaemonians or Spartans. For example, it could refer to 'the laws of the Lacedaemonians' or 'the army of the Spartans'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΠΑΡΤΙΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word Λακεδαίμων (Lakedaimōn) refers to the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta and its surrounding region. Its origin is pre-Greek, possibly Pelasgian, and it is associated with the mythical founder Lacedaemon.

G2182

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-fo-roys

Translations: to the overseers, for the overseers, by the overseers, with the overseers

Notes: This word refers to an overseer, guardian, or superintendent. In ancient Greece, 'ephors' were a body of five magistrates elected annually in Sparta, who shared power with the two kings. The word can be used to describe someone who watches over, supervises, or has charge of something or someone.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, "upon, over") + ὁράω (horaō, "to see"), literally meaning "one who oversees" or "overseer".

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOYS

Translations: to brothers, to brethren, to fellow countrymen, to fellow believers

Notes: This word refers to brothers, both literal siblings and, more broadly, fellow members of a community, nation, or faith. It is often used in a figurative sense to denote close associates or fellow believers, emphasizing a bond of kinship or shared identity. In this dative plural form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to or for brothers/brethren'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΙΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΣΙΝ

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khai-REIN

Translations: to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.

G4517

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ehr-ROH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) strong, (to) healthy, (to) well, (to) vigorous, (to) robust, (to) powerful

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ῥώννυμι' (rhonnumi), meaning 'to strengthen' or 'to be strong'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing those who are strong, healthy, or vigorous. It can also be used substantively, referring to 'the strong ones' or 'those who are well'. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun or pronoun, indicating a state of strength or health, and would be used with a preposition like 'to' or 'for' due to its dative case.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΙΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΙΣ, ΥΓΙΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb ῥώννυμι is derived from an ancient root related to strength and vigor. It is connected to the idea of being firm or robust.

G2839

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KOY-nah

Translations: common, unclean, profane, shared, public, a common thing, common things

Notes: This word describes something that is common, shared, or public. In a religious context, it can also refer to something that is ritually unclean or profane, as opposed to sacred or pure. It is often used to describe things that are accessible to everyone or shared among a group. When used as a noun, it refers to 'common things' or 'things held in common'.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΑ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΙΝΟΣ (koinos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the concept of 'togetherness' or 'sharing'. It is the root from which many words related to community and commonality are derived.

G4517

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: er-ROH-meth-ah

Translations: we are strong, we are well, we are healthy, we have been strengthened

Notes: This word is the first person plural perfect passive indicative form of the verb ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi), meaning 'to strengthen' or 'to be strong/well'. In the perfect passive, it conveys a state of being strong, well, or healthy, resulting from a past action of being strengthened. It can be used to express a general state of good health or strength, often in formal greetings or farewells, similar to saying 'farewell' or 'be well'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΓΙΑΙΝΩ, ΕΥΕΚΤΩ

Etymology: The verb ῥώννυμι is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rew- meaning 'to tear, to pull out, to dig'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to strengthen' or 'to make strong', and subsequently 'to be strong' or 'to be well'.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G2892

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: koh-mees-THAY-sees

Translations: having been brought, having been carried, having been received, having been conveyed, having been obtained, having been recovered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κομίζω', meaning 'to carry', 'to bring', 'to receive', or 'to obtain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this form, it indicates that something has been brought, carried, or received by someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Feminine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΤΩΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noh

Translations: having become, having happened, having been born, to have become, to have happened, to have been born

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can be translated as 'having become,' 'having happened,' or 'having been born,' often indicating a state or event that has come into being.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bah-see-leu-SAN-tos

Translations: having reigned, having become king, having ruled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βασιλεύω' (basileuō), meaning 'to reign' or 'to rule as king'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates a completed action in the past, such as 'having reigned' or 'after someone reigned'. It is commonly used in genitive absolute constructions to provide background information or context for the main clause of a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: day-mo-teh-LOOS

Translations: public, common, national, of the people, for the people

Notes: This word describes something that is public, common, or pertains to the people or the state. It is often used in the context of festivals, sacrifices, or other events that are celebrated by the entire community or nation.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΠΑΝΔΗΜΟΣ

Etymology: This is a compound word derived from two Greek words: δῆμος (dēmos), meaning 'people' or 'district', and τέλος (telos), meaning 'end', 'completion', 'rite', or 'tax'. The combination suggests something completed or performed for the people, or at public expense.

G5225

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-par-KHOO-sees

Translations: being, existing, (of) being, (of) existing, (of) having, (of) possessing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'to be' or 'to exist', often conveying the sense of 'being' or 'existing' in a particular state or condition. It can also imply 'having' or 'possessing' something. It is used to describe a continuous state or an inherent quality of the subject. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it often functions adjectivally or substantively, modifying a feminine noun in the genitive case or standing in for such a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-teh-TAK-tai

Translations: it has been subjected, it has been put in subjection, it has been made subject, it has been subordinated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'it has been subjected' or 'it has been put in subjection'. It describes something that has been placed under the authority or control of another. It is often used to indicate a state of being subordinate or obedient. For example, 'all things have been subjected to him'.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΙΚΩ

G2159

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: YOO-noy-koss

Translations: benevolently, kindly, favorably, with good will

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "with good will," "kindly," or "benevolently." It describes an action performed with a friendly, favorable, or well-disposed attitude. For example, one might act kindly towards someone, or speak favorably about a situation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΚΩΣ, ΕΥ̓̓ΜΕΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓̓ΝΟΙΚΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΕΥ̓̓ΝΟΥΣ (eunous), meaning "well-minded" or "benevolent," which itself is a compound of ΕΥ̓̓ (eu), meaning "well" or "good," and ΝΟΥΣ (nous), meaning "mind" or "intellect."

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-teh-THEE-men

Translations: we were appointed, we were arranged, we were disposed, we made a covenant, we covenanted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to arrange, dispose, appoint, or make a covenant. In this specific form, it indicates an action that was done to the subject (passive voice) or an action done by the subject for themselves (middle voice) in the past. It is often used in the context of establishing agreements or arrangements.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive or Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1189

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-OH-meh-noy

Translations: asking, begging, imploring, needing, those who ask, those who beg, those who implore, those who need

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'asking,' 'begging,' 'imploring,' or 'needing.' It describes someone who is in the process of making a request or who is in need of something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who are asking').

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-RON

Translations: (of) holy, (of) sacred, (of) consecrated, (of) a holy thing, (of) sacred things, (of) holy places

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'holy' or 'sacred'. It describes something belonging to or associated with the divine, a temple, or religious rites. It can also function as a noun in the genitive plural, referring to 'holy things' or 'sacred places'. It is often used to describe objects, places, or actions that are set apart for religious purposes.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from an ancient root meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', often associated with that which is set apart for a deity or religious use. It is related to the concept of sacrifice and divine power.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-sthai

Translations: to have been entrusted, to have been believed, to have been committed, to have been put in trust with

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a perfect passive infinitive, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose effect continues into the present, with the subject being the recipient of the action. It signifies 'to have been believed' or 'to have been entrusted' with something, indicating a state of having had trust placed in one, or having had something committed to one's care.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1121

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: grahm-MAH-tohn

Translations: of letters, of writings, of documents, of scriptures, of a writing, of a document, of a letter

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'γραμμα' (gramma). It refers to written characters, letters of the alphabet, or more broadly, written documents, scriptures, or literature. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of letters' or 'belonging to writings'. In the provided context, 'πόλις γραμμάτων' (polis grammaton) means 'city of writings' or 'city of scribes/scholars', implying a place known for its literacy or written records.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΩΝ, ΓΡΑΦΩΝ

G4278

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ka-TAR-khein

Translations: to begin, to make a beginning, to take the initiative, to be the first to do something

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro, 'before') and the verb καταρχεῖν (katarchein, 'to begin'). It means to begin something, to take the initiative, or to be the first to do something. It implies initiating an action or process, often with the sense of being a precursor or starting point for what follows.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΕΝΑΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb καταρχεῖν (katarchein), meaning 'to begin' or 'to make a beginning'. The verb καταρχεῖν itself is derived from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and ἄρχειν (archein), meaning 'to rule' or 'to begin'.

G0308

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nahg-NOH-ree-seh-ohs

Translations: of recognition, of a recognition, of discovery, of a discovery, of acknowledgment, of an acknowledgment

Notes: This word refers to the act of recognizing or discovering something or someone, or the acknowledgment of a fact or truth. It is often used in contexts where something previously unknown or unacknowledged becomes known or accepted. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G1381

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-kee-MAH-zoh-men

Translations: we test, we prove, we examine, we approve, we discern

Notes: This word means to test, prove, or examine something or someone, often with the intention of discerning its genuineness, worth, or fitness. It can also mean to approve or accept something after it has been tested and found worthy. It is used to describe the process of putting something to the test to see if it stands up to scrutiny or meets a certain standard.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΕΛΕΓΧΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΩ

G4267

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proh-ar-PAH-zayn

Translations: to seize beforehand, to snatch away beforehand, to anticipate

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'πρό' (before) and 'ἁρπάζω' (to seize). It means to seize, snatch, or carry off something before someone else does, or to anticipate an action by taking it first. It implies a preemptive or prior action of seizing or taking.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize', 'to snatch', or 'to carry off'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KOH-men

Translations: we think, we seem, we suppose, we consider, we believe

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to think', 'to seem', 'to suppose', 'to consider', or 'to believe'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seems' or 'it appears'. In this form, it indicates an action that is desired, possible, or hypothetical, often found in clauses expressing purpose, result, or condition.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It conveys the idea of something appearing or seeming to be a certain way, or of forming an opinion.

G1230

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-geh-no-MEH-non

Translations: of having passed, of having elapsed, of having intervened, after the passing of, when...had passed

Notes: This word is a genitive plural participle derived from the verb 'διαγίνομαι' (diaginomai), meaning 'to pass through, to elapse, to intervene'. It is often used in a genitive absolute construction to indicate a period of time that has passed, such as 'after a certain number of days had passed' or 'when a period of time had elapsed'. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G0389

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-poh-lay-THEY-sees

Translations: of having been brought back to mind, of having been recalled, of having been remembered

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and πολέω (poleō, meaning 'to turn' or 'to move'). It means to bring back to mind, to recall, or to remember. It describes the action of something being brought back into one's memory or consideration.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΣΘΕΙΣΗΣ, ΕΝΘΥΜΗΘΕΙΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἀναπολέω is derived from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb πολέω (poleō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to move'. It literally means 'to turn up again' or 'to bring back again', leading to the sense of recalling or remembering.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-eh-RAH-ees

Translations: to holy, to sacred, to consecrated, to divine, to a holy, to a sacred, to a consecrated, to a divine

Notes: This word describes something as holy, sacred, consecrated, or divine. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun possesses these qualities. In this form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means by which something is done, and it is plural and feminine, meaning it would modify a plural feminine noun.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΘΕΙΟΣ

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-FEH-ron-tes

Translations: offering, bringing, presenting, sacrificing, yielding, bringing to, bringing forward

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'prospherō', meaning 'to bring to, offer, present, or sacrifice'. It describes an ongoing action of bringing something towards someone or something, often with the intent of giving, presenting, or making an offering. It can be used in various contexts, such as offering gifts, sacrifices, prayers, or even bringing a person to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word προσφέρω (prospherō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear, carry, bring'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-LOO-men

Translations: we entreat, we implore, we beseech, we exhort, we comfort, we encourage

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. In its present indicative form, it means 'we call alongside', which extends to 'we entreat', 'we implore', 'we beseech', 'we exhort', 'we comfort', or 'we encourage'. It is used to express a strong request, an appeal, or an act of providing solace or motivation.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

G4171

Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: POH-leh-mohn

Translations: war, battle, fight, of wars, of battles, of fights, Polemon

Notes: This word can refer to a war, battle, or fight. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple conflicts. It can also be used as a proper noun, referring to the personal name Polemon. In the provided examples, it appears both as a common noun in the genitive plural (meaning 'of wars') and potentially as a proper noun (Polemon).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative (Proper Noun); Plural, Genitive (Common Noun)

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

G4029

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ris-TAN-tohn

Translations: of those standing around, of those surrounding, of those encompassing, of those encircling

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb περιίστημι (periístēmi), meaning 'to stand around' or 'to surround'. It describes a group of people or things that are positioned around something or someone, often in a protective, threatening, or observational manner. It is used to indicate that a situation or event is occurring while these individuals or things are present in a surrounding capacity.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1067

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: gayt-nee-OHN-tone

Translations: neighboring, adjacent, bordering, of those who are neighbors, of those who are adjacent

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γειτνιάω' (geitniao), meaning 'to be a neighbor' or 'to be near'. As a participle, it describes something that is neighboring, adjacent, or bordering. It can function adjectivally to describe places or people that are close by, or substantively to refer to 'those who are neighbors' or 'those who are adjacent'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OOTH

Translations: no one, nothing, none, not at all, by no means

Notes: This word is a shortened or truncated form of the negative pronoun/adjective ΟΥ̓ΘΕΙΣ (outheis) or ΟΥ̓ΘΕΝ (outhen). It means 'no one', 'nothing', or 'none'. It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. It can function as a pronoun (e.g., 'no one did it') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'no thing happened').

Inflection: This is a shortened form, likely representing various inflections of ΟΥ̓ΘΕΙΣ or ΟΥ̓ΘΕΝ depending on context. It can represent Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive cases, and Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter genders, as well as Singular or Plural forms.

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AHL-loh

Translations: (to) another, (to) other, (for) another, (for) other, (by) another, (by) other, (with) another, (with) other, (in) another, (in) other

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ἈΛΛΟΣ', meaning 'another' or 'other'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΩ

G4337

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pros-AY-kon-TON

Translations: of those fitting, of those proper, of those suitable, of those becoming, of those due, of those appropriate, of those belonging

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of a present active participle, derived from the verb 'προσήκω' (prosēkō), meaning 'to be fitting, proper, or suitable'. When used substantively, as it often is, it refers to 'those who are fitting' or 'those who belong'. It describes things or people that are appropriate, due, or related to a particular context or individual.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΜΟΖΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΑΘΗΚΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'προσήκω' (prosēkō) is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and 'ἥκω' (hēkō), meaning 'to have come, to be present'. Thus, it literally means 'to have come to' or 'to be present with', leading to the sense of 'belonging to' or 'being appropriate for'.

G1776

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-OKH-lain

Translations: to trouble, to annoy, to disturb, to bother, to vex

Notes: This verb means to cause trouble, annoyance, or disturbance to someone. It describes the act of bothering or vexing another person, often implying a persistent or burdensome interference. It can be used in contexts where someone is being harassed or made uncomfortable.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΝΟΧΛΕΙΝ, ΕΠΗΡΕΑΖΕΙΝ, ΟΧΛΕΙΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, "in") + ὀχλέω (ochleō, "to disturb, trouble"), from ὄχλος (ochlos, "crowd, disturbance"). It literally means to be in a crowd or cause a crowd-like disturbance.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KREE-nah-men

Translations: we judged, we decided, we determined, we condemned

Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κρίνω' (krinō). It means 'we judged,' 'we decided,' 'we determined,' or 'we condemned.' The verb 'κρίνω' itself has a broad range of meanings, including to separate, to distinguish, to decide, to judge, to condemn, or to rule. The aorist tense indicates a completed action in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'κρίνω' (krinō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to separate, to distinguish, to discern.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that carry similar meanings of separation or judgment.

G2643

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-goh-nee-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: having contended against, having struggled against, having overcome, having conquered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (against, down) and 'ἀγωνίζομαι' (to contend, struggle). It describes the action of having struggled against something or someone, often with the implication of having overcome or conquered. It is used to describe someone who has successfully contended in a struggle or conflict.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-pon-tes

Translations: sending, dispatching, accompanying, conducting, escorting

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ', meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with the main verb. It can be translated as 'sending' or 'those who are sending', depending on the context. It can also imply accompanying or conducting someone.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G0494

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tron

Translations: Antipater

Notes: Antipater is a Greek proper name, meaning 'instead of the father' or 'like the father'. It refers to several historical figures, most notably Antipater the Idumaean, father of Herod the Great, and Antipater of Thessalonica, a Greek poet. In the provided context, it refers to a specific individual named Antipater.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The name Antipater is derived from the Greek words 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-ton

Translations: of being, of existing, of those who are, of those who exist, of things that are, of things that exist

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating 'of those who are' or 'of things that exist'. It is often used to describe the state or condition of a group of people or things, or to refer to existing entities in a genitive context, meaning 'belonging to' or 'concerning' them.

Inflection: Present, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEE-may

Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, a sum, esteem, dignity

Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or esteem, often implying a high regard for someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or price, indicating the worth of an item or a sum paid. It is used in sentences to describe the value or respect attributed to a person, object, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ

Etymology: This word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G0365

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-neh-OH-sohn-tai

Translations: they will renew, they will be renewed, they will restore, they will be restored

Notes: This word describes the action of renewing or restoring something, making it new again. It implies a process of revitalization or renovation. It is used to indicate that a group of people will perform this action upon themselves or something else.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Future, Middle Voice, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΟΩ

Etymology: From ἀνα- (ana-, 'again, up') and νεόω (neóō, 'to make new'), which comes from νέος (néos, 'new').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-ee-SEH-teh

Translations: you will do, you will make, you will perform, you will produce, you will accomplish

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to do,' 'to make,' 'to perform,' or 'to accomplish.' It is used to describe actions or the creation of something. It can refer to a wide range of activities, from simple actions to significant achievements, and often implies bringing something into existence or carrying out a task.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: gra-FON-tes

Translations: writing, a writing, those who write, by writing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally (describing a noun, e.g., 'the writing ones') or adverbially (describing how an action is performed, e.g., 'by writing'). It refers to multiple individuals performing the action of writing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΟΝΤΕΣ

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-EE-stheh

Translations: to pray, to ask, to beg, to entreat, to make a request

Notes: This verb means to ask for something, to beg, or to make a request. It is frequently used in a religious context to refer to praying to God or making supplication. It can also be used in a general sense for making a request to another person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Subjunctive, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δέομαι (deomai) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₁- meaning 'to give, to distribute'. Its meaning evolved to 'to lack, to need', and then to 'to ask for what one lacks'.

G1989

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-STEL-lon-tes

Translations: writing, sending a letter, instructing by letter, those who write, those who send a letter

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'writing' or 'sending a letter'. It describes an ongoing action of communicating by written means, often with the nuance of giving instructions or commands through a letter. It can be translated as 'those who write' or 'by writing', depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tah

Translations: all, every, the whole, all things, everything

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It can refer to a complete group or quantity. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'all people' or 'all time'. When used in the neuter plural, it can be translated as 'all things' or 'everything'.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound word formed from the prefix Α- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'completely', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G4290

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-thoo-may-SOH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those who are eager, (to) those who are willing, (to) those who are ready, (to) those who are disposed

Notes: This word is a future middle participle, meaning 'to be eager, willing, or ready'. It describes someone who is disposed or inclined to do something with zeal or readiness. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, often indicating the manner or circumstance of an action. In this form, it refers to a group of people who will be eager or willing.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ (prothymeomai) is derived from the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and θυμός (thymos), meaning 'spirit, soul, passion, or courage'. Thus, it conveys the idea of having one's spirit or will directed forward, indicating eagerness or readiness.

G3008

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: lah-keh-DAI-moh-nee-oy

Translations: Lacedaemonians, Spartans

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Lacedaemon, which is another name for Sparta. It is used to denote the people from that city-state, often in historical or geographical contexts.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΠΑΡΤΙΑΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word "Λακεδαιμόνιος" (Lakedaimonios) is derived from "Λακεδαίμων" (Lakedaimon), the ancient name for the region and city-state of Sparta in Greece. The suffix -ιος is an adjectival ending indicating origin or belonging.

G5380

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: fee-loh-FROH-nohss

Translations: kindly, courteously, hospitably, in a friendly manner, graciously

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "kindly" or "courteously." It describes an action performed with friendliness, goodwill, or hospitality. It is often used to describe how someone receives or treats another person, indicating a warm and welcoming disposition. It is derived from the adjective φιλόφρων (philophron), meaning "friendly" or "kind-hearted."

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΚΩΣ, ΕΥΜΕΝΩΣ, ΠΡΟΣΗΝΩΣ

G5264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-DEK-san-toh

Translations: they received, they welcomed, they entertained

Notes: This word describes the act of receiving someone, often with hospitality or a warm welcome. It implies taking someone into one's home or presence, or accepting something. It is used to describe how people welcomed others, particularly guests or strangers.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take'. The combination suggests receiving someone or something by taking them under one's care or into one's presence.

G5586

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psay-FEES-mah

Translations: decree, a decree, resolution, a resolution, vote, a vote

Notes: This word refers to a formal decision or resolution, typically one made by a public body or assembly, often through a process of voting. It signifies an official pronouncement or a legislative act. It can be used in sentences to describe a law, an edict, or a formal decision that has been passed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΨΗΦΙΣΜΑ (psephisma) is derived from the verb ψηφίζω (psēphizō), meaning 'to vote' or 'to count with pebbles', which in turn comes from ψῆφος (psēphos), meaning 'pebble' (used for voting or counting). Thus, it literally means 'that which has been voted on' or 'a decision made by voting'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-ee-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: having made, having done, having produced, having performed, having created

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has been completed by the subject. It is often translated as 'having made' or 'having done', describing a past action that precedes or enables the main verb's action in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G0139

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-REH-sace

Translations: heresies, sects, factions, choices, a heresy, a sect, a faction, a choice

Notes: This word refers to a choice, a course of action, or a school of thought. In a religious context, it often denotes a sect or a faction, particularly one that deviates from established doctrine, leading to the English word 'heresy'. It is used to describe groups or beliefs that are distinct or separated from a larger body.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΧΙΣΜΑΤΑ, ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΕΙΣ, ΔΟΓΜΑΤΑ

G0442

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-THRO-pee-non

Translations: of human, of human beings, human, humanly

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'human' or 'of human beings'. It describes something that pertains to or originates from humans, as opposed to divine or animal. It is often used to qualify nouns, indicating their human nature or origin. In the provided examples, it modifies 'things' (πραγματων) and 'flesh' (σαρκων), indicating 'human things' and 'human flesh' respectively.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΕΙΟΣ, ΘΝΗΤΟΣ

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LAM-bah-non

Translations: they supposed, they assumed, they received, they took up, they answered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, to receive, to assume, to suppose, or to answer. In different contexts, it can refer to taking something up from below, receiving a person or idea, forming an opinion or assumption, or replying to someone.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LEH-geh-toh

Translations: it was said, it was being said, it was spoken, it was being spoken

Notes: This word is the imperfect passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, specifically that something 'was being said' or 'was said'. It is often used impersonally, referring to what was generally reported or stated.

Inflection: Imperfect, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: The verb 'λέγω' (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-, meaning 'to gather, collect, pick out, speak'. It is related to Latin 'lego' (to gather, read) and English 'lecture' and 'logic'.

G4523

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sad-doo-KAI-ohn

Translations: of Sadducees, Sadducees

Notes: This word refers to the Sadducees, a prominent Jewish sect during the Second Temple period, active from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE. They were typically aristocratic and priestly, adhering strictly to the written Torah and rejecting oral traditions, the resurrection of the dead, angels, and spirits. The word is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, as in 'of the Sadducees'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Sadducee' is believed to derive from Zadok, the high priest during the time of King David and Solomon, suggesting a connection to the priestly lineage.

G5330

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-ree-SAI-oy

Translations: Pharisees

Notes: The Pharisees were a prominent Jewish religious and political party or school of thought in ancient Judea during the Second Temple period. They emphasized strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and oral traditions, often contrasting with the Sadducees. They were influential among the common people and are frequently mentioned in the New Testament.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Pharisee" comes from the Aramaic word "perishaya," meaning "separated ones." This likely refers to their separation from ritual impurity or from other Jewish groups.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G1566

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hee-mar-MEH-nays

Translations: of fate, of destiny, of what is fated

Notes: This word refers to fate or destiny, the predetermined course of events. It is often used in philosophical or theological discussions to describe an unchangeable, preordained outcome, contrasting with free will. In the provided context, it appears in a phrase like 'καθ' ειμαρμενης αναγκην', meaning 'according to the necessity of fate'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΤΥΧΗ, ΠΕΠΡΩΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΜΑΡΜΕΝΗ (heimarmenē) is derived from the perfect passive participle of the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's portion' or 'to be allotted'. It signifies that which has been allotted or decreed.

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-BAH-ee-nayn

Translations: to happen, to occur, to come to pass, to agree, to come together, to result

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb βαίνω (bainō, meaning 'to go' or 'to step'). It generally means 'to come together' or 'to happen'. It is used to describe events that occur or results that come about. It can also imply agreement or concurrence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek σύν (syn, 'with, together') + βαίνω (bainō, 'to go, to step'). The combination signifies a 'coming together' or 'concurrence'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ghee-NES-thai

Translations: to become, to happen, to be, to come into being, to be born, to arise, to come to pass

Notes: This verb is very common in Koine Greek and has a broad range of meanings, primarily related to something coming into existence, happening, or changing state. It can describe a process of becoming, an event taking place, or a person being born. It is often used impersonally to mean 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koo-REE-an

Translations: lady, a lady, mistress, a mistress

Notes: This word refers to a lady or mistress, often in the sense of a female head of a household or a woman of authority or high social standing. It is used to denote a female counterpart to 'lord' or 'master'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΙΝΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΑ (kyria) is the feminine form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios), meaning 'lord' or 'master'. It derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, be strong, prevail'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness

Translations: of that, of her

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G0522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pan-TAN

Translations: to meet, to encounter, to go to meet

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'apantaō', meaning 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. It describes the action of coming face to face with someone or something, often with the purpose of engaging with them. It can be used in contexts where one goes out to meet another person or group.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist or Present, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ὙΠΑΝΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπαντάω (apantaō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀντάω (antaō), meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite'. Thus, it conveys the idea of meeting someone coming from a different direction.

G4523

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sahd-doo-KAI-oy

Translations: Sadducees

Notes: The Sadducees were a prominent Jewish sect during the Second Temple period, known for their strict adherence to the written Torah and rejection of oral traditions and the concept of resurrection. They were often associated with the priestly and aristocratic classes in Jerusalem.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Sadducees' is believed to derive from Zadok, the high priest during the time of King David and Solomon, suggesting a connection to the priestly lineage.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-EE-roo-sin

Translations: they take up, they take away, they destroy, they kill, they abolish, they do away with

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to take up, take away, destroy, kill, or abolish. It is often used in contexts of removing something or someone, either physically or conceptually. For example, it can refer to taking someone's life, or to abolishing a custom or belief.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ἈΝΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tes

Translations: thinking worthy, deeming worthy, considering worthy, demanding, asking, requesting, claiming, expecting, requiring

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are deeming worthy' or 'those who are demanding'. It describes an ongoing action of considering someone or something worthy, or of making a demand or request. It can be used to describe people who are claiming something as their right, or who are asking for something because they believe they deserve it. It is often followed by an infinitive or a noun indicating what is deemed worthy or what is being demanded.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ἈΠΑΙΤΈΩ

G0442

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-THROH-pee-nah

Translations: human, human things, human affairs, things pertaining to humans

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'human' or 'pertaining to humans'. When used in the neuter plural, as it is here, it often functions as a substantive meaning 'human things' or 'human affairs', referring to matters or characteristics that are typical of or belong to humanity. It can be used to distinguish between divine and earthly matters.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΕΙΑ, ΚΟΣΜΙΚΑ

Etymology: The word ἀνθρώπινος (anthrōpinos) is derived from the noun ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos), meaning 'man' or 'human being'. The suffix -ινος (-inos) is used to form adjectives indicating material, origin, or relation.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-ga-THON

Translations: of good, of good things, of good people, of benefits

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἈΓΑΘΟΣ', meaning 'good'. When used in the plural and genitive case, it often refers to 'good things', 'benefits', or 'good people'. It describes the quality of something or someone being inherently good, beneficial, or virtuous. For example, it can be used to speak of the source or possession of good things.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΩΝ, ΧΡΗΣΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΓΑΘΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is a common term in ancient Greek for 'good' in various senses.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NO-meh-noos

Translations: becoming, being, happening, coming to be, being born, being made, being done

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes something that is in the process of becoming, happening, or being made. It can refer to events that are taking place, people who are being born or coming into existence, or things that are being created or done. It often conveys a sense of ongoing development or occurrence.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Plural, Accusative Case

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΙΜΙ

G5493

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kheh-ROH

Translations: to master, to subdue, to overcome, to conquer, to overpower, to bring under control

Notes: This verb means to master, subdue, or overcome something or someone. It describes the act of gaining control or victory over an opponent or a challenge. It can be used in contexts of physical conquest, but also in a more general sense of prevailing over circumstances or difficulties.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', implying the act of taking something in hand or bringing it under control.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lam-BAH-non-tas

Translations: taking, receiving, getting, seizing, obtaining

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'taking' or 'receiving'. It describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can be used to indicate the manner or means by which something is done, or to describe someone who is in the act of taking or receiving.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ comes from an ancient root, possibly related to Proto-Indo-European roots meaning 'to grasp' or 'to seize'.

G196

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-kree-ves-TEH-ran

Translations: more accurate, a more accurate, more exact, a more exact, stricter, a stricter

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ἀκριβής' (akribēs), meaning 'accurate' or 'exact'. As a comparative adjective, it indicates a higher degree of accuracy or exactness. It is used to describe something that is more precise, stricter, or more carefully done than something else. It functions like an adjective in a sentence, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΙΒΕΣΤΕΡΟΣ, ΑΚΡΙΒΕΣΤΑΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-POY-ee-my

Translations: I have been made, I have been done, I have been created, I have made for myself, I have done for myself

Notes: This is a verb in the perfect tense, middle or passive voice, first person singular. In the middle voice, it means 'I have made or done something for myself' or 'I have caused something to be made/done for myself'. In the passive voice, it means 'I have been made' or 'I have been done'. It describes an action completed in the past with ongoing results or a state resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1212

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DAY-loh-sin

Translations: a manifestation, manifestation, a revelation, revelation, a clear indication, clear indication

Notes: This word refers to a clear indication, a manifestation, or a revelation. It is often used in a religious context to describe a divine disclosure or a clear showing of something previously hidden. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word Δήλωσις (dēlōsis) comes from the verb δηλόω (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear, to show, to reveal'.

G1208

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dehf-TEH-rah

Translations: second, a second, the second

Notes: This word means 'second' and is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δεύτερος'. It can be used to describe something as being in the second position or order. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the second one' (referring to a feminine noun) or 'the second thing'. It can also refer to the second day of the week, Monday.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'δευτέρα' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to follow' or 'to yield'. It is related to the concept of being next in sequence.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOY

Translations: generals, commanders, governors, magistrates, chief captains, to generals, to commanders, to governors, to magistrates, to chief captains

Notes: This word refers to military commanders, generals, or civil magistrates and governors. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of leaders or officials, often in a military or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'to the generals' or 'the commanders'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-geh-nee-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having been made, having come into being, become, made, happened

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, indicating an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It describes something that has come into existence, has been made, or has happened. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and agrees with it in gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΠΟΙΗΜΕΝΗΝ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'.

G0309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-mah-KHEH-sah-sthai

Translations: to fight back, to recover by fighting, to regain, to retrieve

Notes: This verb describes the action of fighting again or fighting back, often with the aim of recovering something lost or reversing a defeat. It implies a renewed effort in conflict to regain a previous state or possession. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'up, again, back', and the verb μάχομαι (machomai), meaning 'to fight'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noy

Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, wanting, willing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing, desiring, or intending something. It often indicates a deliberate or considered desire, as opposed to a spontaneous one. It can be used to describe the subject of a sentence who is performing an action out of a particular will or intention.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLEH-yoh

Translations: more, greater, many, much, a lot

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. 'Πλείω' specifically functions as the comparative form, meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, degree, or number of something compared to another. It can be used adverbially to mean 'more' or 'further'.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular; or Masculine/Feminine/Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΠΛΕΟΝ

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-ah-gah-GON-tes

Translations: having gathered, gathering, having collected, collecting

Notes: This word is a participle meaning 'having gathered' or 'gathering'. It describes an action of bringing together or assembling, often with the implication that the action has already been completed (perfect active participle). It can be used to describe people or things being brought into one place.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-ON-tas

Translations: those coming upon, those approaching, those attacking

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ἔπειμι (epeimi), meaning 'to come upon' or 'to approach'. It often carries the connotation of hostile approach, such as 'attacking' or 'assailing'. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are coming upon' or 'those who are attacking'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ἔπειμι (epeimi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb εἶμι (eimi), meaning 'to go' or 'to come'.

G4441

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poo-THOH-meh-nos

Translations: having learned, having inquired, having heard, having ascertained, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to learn by inquiry', 'to inquire', or 'to ascertain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is related to the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having learned' or 'having heard' something, leading to a subsequent action. For example, 'Having learned the news, he departed.'

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΑΣ, ΜΑΘΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-mah-THEE-tin

Translations: ignorance, a lack of learning, unskillfulness, a lack of instruction

Notes: This word refers to a state of ignorance, a lack of knowledge, or an absence of learning or instruction. It can also imply a lack of skill or training in a particular area. It is typically used to describe a person's intellectual or educational deficiency.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΙΑ, ΑΠΕΙΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΑΘΙΑ (amathia) is derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and the root 'μαθ-' (math-) related to learning or knowledge, as seen in words like 'μανθάνω' (manthano, 'to learn'). Thus, it literally means 'without learning' or 'lack of learning'.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH

Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It describes an action of knowing or recognizing that occurred in the past, often implying a completed or definite act of gaining knowledge or understanding. It can be used in sentences like 'he knew' or 'she recognized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G4970

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: skho-LAYN

Translations: leisure, a leisure, rest, a rest, idleness, an idleness, delay, a delay, school, a school

Notes: This word refers to leisure, rest, or time free from work. It can also denote a place where such leisure or study occurs, like a school or a place for philosophical discussion. In some contexts, it can imply idleness or delay. It is used to describe a state of being at rest or having free time.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΡΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ- meaning 'to hold, to have, to be able'. In ancient Greek, it evolved to refer to leisure or free time, and subsequently to the place where such time was spent, particularly for intellectual pursuits, leading to the meaning of 'school'.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-as-KHEIN

Translations: to provide, to grant, to give, to supply, to afford, to present

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to grant'. It is used to express the action of giving or supplying something, often in a context where a benefit or resource is being made available. It can be used with a dative object indicating to whom something is provided, and an accusative object indicating what is provided.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its original sense is 'to hold out' or 'to offer'.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OHST

Translations: so that, with the result that, therefore, consequently

Notes: This word is an elided form of ΩΣΤΕ (hōste), meaning 'so that' or 'with the result that'. It introduces a clause expressing the consequence or result of a preceding action or statement. It can also be used to indicate a logical conclusion, similar to 'therefore' or 'consequently'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how') and the particle τέ (te, 'and, also'). It literally means 'as also' or 'as then', developing into a conjunction indicating result.

G1688

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-bal-EIN

Translations: to cast in, to throw in, to put in, to enter, to attack

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to cast in' or 'to throw in'. It can also mean 'to put into', 'to enter', or 'to attack'. It describes the action of placing something inside another thing, or moving oneself into a place, or initiating an assault.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΒΆΛΛΩ, ἘΜΠΊΠΤΩ, ἘΠΙΤΊΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΒΆΛΛΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΒΆΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G2659

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-top-so-MEH-noos

Translations: about to spy out, about to reconnoiter, about to observe, about to look down upon

Notes: This word is a future participle, meaning 'about to spy out' or 'about to reconnoiter'. It describes someone who is in the act of preparing to observe or scout something, often with the intention of gathering information about an enemy or a location. It is typically used to describe individuals sent on a mission to survey or investigate.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Future, Middle Voice, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΟΠΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΟΠΟΣ

G2685

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-sko-POHN

Translations: spy, a spy

Notes: This word refers to a spy or scout, someone sent to observe and gather information, often secretly, about an enemy or a place. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'σκοπός' (skopos), meaning 'watcher' or 'aim'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΨΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word κατάσκοπος (kataskopos) is derived from the verb κατασκοπέω (kataskopeō), meaning 'to spy out' or 'to examine closely'. It is a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and σκοπός (skopos), meaning 'watcher' or 'aim', which itself comes from the verb σκέπτομαι (skeptomai), 'to look at, examine'.

G5428

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: phra-SAN-ton

Translations: of those who told, of those who said, of those who declared, of those who explained, of those who showed, of those who pointed out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'φράζω', meaning 'to tell', 'to say', 'to declare', 'to explain', 'to show', or 'to point out'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed. In this form, it is a genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of those who told' or 'of those who explained'. It functions like an adjective modifying a noun, or can stand on its own as a substantive, referring to 'those who told/explained'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΕΙΠΟΝΤΩΝ, ΔΗΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word φράζω (phrazō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect', suggesting a connection to expressing thoughts.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G4815

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-lah-BON-tone

Translations: of seizing, of arresting, of catching, of helping, of conceiving, of taking together

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine participle of the verb 'συλλαμβάνω' (syllambanō). It describes an action of 'seizing,' 'arresting,' 'catching,' 'helping,' or 'conceiving,' and is used to indicate that the action is performed by multiple male subjects. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'after they had seized them' or 'of those who helped'.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TITH-es-thai

Translations: to lay upon, to put upon, to impose, to attack, to assault, to apply oneself to, to devote oneself to

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, on) and the verb 'τίθημι' (to place, to put). It means to lay or put something upon something else, to impose something, or to apply oneself to a task. In a military context, it can mean to attack or assault. It is often used in the middle voice to indicate an action done to oneself or for one's own benefit, or to indicate an attack.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G3453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MAY-nyoo-on

Translations: they were reporting, they were disclosing, they were revealing, they were informing

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb μηνύω (menyo). It means 'to report,' 'to disclose,' 'to reveal,' or 'to inform.' The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted. So, 'they were reporting' or 'they used to report' would be appropriate translations, depending on the context.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word μηνύω is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μῆνις (mēnis), meaning 'wrath' or 'anger,' or to μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember.' It has been used since ancient Greek times.

G4267

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-GNOOS

Translations: foreknowing, having known beforehand, having foreknown, knowing in advance

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'προ' (pro), meaning 'before', and 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It describes the action of knowing something in advance or having prior knowledge of an event or situation. It is used to indicate that the subject of the sentence has already gained knowledge about something before it happens or before an action is taken.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΙΔΩΣ, ΠΡΟΟΡΑΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to come to know', 'to learn', or 'to perceive'. The combination signifies knowing or perceiving something in advance.

G0794

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ays-fuh-LEE-sah-toh

Translations: he secured, she secured, it secured, he made safe, she made safe, it made safe, he made firm, she made firm, it made firm, he guaranteed, she guaranteed, it guaranteed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb ἀσφαλίζω (asphalizō). It means to make secure, to make safe, to make firm, or to guarantee. It describes an action completed in the past, where someone or something was made safe or secure, or a guarantee was provided.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G4388

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-fy-LA-kas

Translations: guards, a guard, sentinels, a sentinel

Notes: This word refers to those who stand guard or keep watch, acting as a protective force. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'one who watches'. Therefore, it literally means 'one who guards in front'. It is used to describe individuals or groups assigned to protect a place or person, often implying a defensive or watchful role.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΟΙ, ΣΚΟΠΟΙ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-ee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having made, having done, having produced, having performed, having created, having appointed, having caused

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this form, it indicates an action performed by the subject for themselves or in their own interest (middle voice). It can be translated as 'having made' or 'having done', often implying the completion of an action that leads to a subsequent event.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G1854

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EX-oh

Translations: outside, out, without, abroad

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.

G4754

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TOH-peh-doo

Translations: of a camp, of the camp, of an army, of the army, of an encampment, of the encampment

Notes: This word refers to a military camp, an encampment, or by extension, the army or troops stationed within it. It is a compound word formed from 'στρατός' (army) and 'πέδον' (ground, plain). In this form, 'ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΟΥ' is the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of' (e.g., 'of the camp'). It can be used to describe the location where an army is stationed or the collective body of soldiers itself.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΟΝ is a compound noun derived from two Greek words: στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and πέδον (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'plain'. Thus, it literally means 'army ground' or 'army plain', referring to the place where an army encamps.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

G3853

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-ang-GEL-koss

Translations: having commanded, having given orders, having instructed

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, masculine, singular, nominative, derived from the verb 'παραγγέλλω'. It describes someone who has completed the action of commanding or giving orders. It can be used to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has previously issued a command or instruction.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The verb 'παραγγέλλω' is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of announcing something alongside or from someone, leading to the meaning of giving a command or instruction.

G2990

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: la-THEIN

Translations: to escape notice, to be hidden, to be unknown, to forget

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive of the verb 'λανθάνω' (lanthanō). It means 'to escape notice' or 'to be hidden from'. It is often used to describe an action that is done without someone else knowing about it, or to describe something that remains unknown or forgotten. For example, one might 'escape notice' while doing something, or a fact might 'be hidden' from someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΓΝΟΕΩ

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: py-THOH-meh-noy

Translations: having learned, having heard, having inquired, having ascertained, having found out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to learn by inquiry', 'to hear', or 'to find out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often indicating the cause or circumstance of the main verb's action. It implies gaining knowledge through investigation or receiving information.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΜΑΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΥΡΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-n-ske- (to be awake, to observe, to learn), related to the root *bʰeudʰ- (to be awake, to perceive). It is cognate with Latin fundus (bottom, foundation) and English 'bottom'. The sense evolved from 'to perceive' to 'to learn by inquiry'.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eg-NOH-ko-tah

Translations: having known, having perceived, having understood, having learned, having recognized

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having known' or 'having understood'. It describes someone who has acquired knowledge or recognition of something. It can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'those who have known' or adjectivally to modify a noun, indicating a completed state of knowing or understanding.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Perfect, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G5198

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yee-gee-EES

Translations: healthy, sound, whole, well

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being healthy, sound, or whole. It is often used to refer to physical well-being, indicating a state of good health. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is sound, true, or wholesome, such as sound doctrine or a healthy mind.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΕΚΤΗΣ, ΕΥΘΥΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the root *hygiēs, meaning 'healthy, sound'. It is related to the English word 'hygiene'.

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TAH-rat-ten

Translations: was troubling, was disturbing, was stirring up, was agitating, was unsettling

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'to trouble, disturb, stir up, agitate, or unsettle'. It can refer to physical disturbance, like stirring water, or emotional/mental disturbance, like causing distress or fear in someone. In a sentence, it would describe something or someone continuously causing trouble or agitation to another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΑΛΕΥΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ

G2696

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tah-PHOH-roos

Translations: evident, manifest, obvious, plain, clear

Notes: This word describes something that is clearly visible, apparent, or undeniable. It is used to emphasize that a fact, action, or situation is so obvious that it cannot be hidden or mistaken. It implies a strong degree of clarity or exposure.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΦΩΡΟΣ is a compound word derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bring' or 'to bear', combined with φῶς (phōs), meaning 'light'. It literally means 'brought into the light' or 'fully exposed'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-GO-ne-nai

Translations: to have become, to have been, to have happened, to have come into being

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the results or state continuing into the present. It is often used to express a state of being that has come about, or an event that has occurred.

Inflection: Perfect, Infinitive, Active

Synonyms: ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-DEH-nee

Translations: to no one, to nothing, for no one, for nothing, by no one, by nothing, with no one, with nothing, in no one, in nothing

Notes: This word is an indefinite negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. It is often used in prohibitions or to state that something is not done by anyone or to anything. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, and as an adjective, it modifies a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē, 'not') and ΕΙΣ (heis, 'one').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝΙ

G4328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-do-KAN

Translations: to expect, to look for, to await, to wait for

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to expect' or 'to look for'. It describes the act of anticipating something, whether good or bad, or waiting for an event or person to arrive. It can be used in sentences where one is looking forward to or dreading a future occurrence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΖΩ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word προσδοκάω is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and δοκάω (dokaō), which is related to δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Thus, it literally means 'to look towards receiving' or 'to expect towards oneself'.

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-roh

Translations: (to) another, (for) another, (to) a different one, (for) a different one, (to) other, (for) other, (to) a different, (for) a different

Notes: This word means 'another' or 'different', emphasizing a qualitative distinction from something else. It is used to refer to something of a different kind or nature, as opposed to 'ἄλλος' (ALLOS), which refers to another of the same kind. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that is distinct in character.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ἝΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'.

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEES

Translations: of a plot, of a conspiracy, of a design, of a scheme, of an ambush

Notes: This word refers to a plot, conspiracy, or treacherous design, often with malicious intent. It describes a secret plan or scheme, typically to harm someone or achieve an illicit goal. It is used to describe the nature of such a plan.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΜΗΧΑΝΗ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ (epiboulē) is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the noun ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē), meaning 'counsel', 'plan', or 'will'. Thus, it literally means 'a plan against' or 'a counsel upon'.

G1232

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ee-mar-tee-MEH-nays

Translations: of having missed the mark, of having erred, of having sinned

Notes: This word is the perfect participle, genitive, feminine, singular form of the verb 'διαμαρτάνω' (diamartanō). It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and 'ἁμαρτάνω' (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark' or 'to sin'. Therefore, 'διαμαρτάνω' means 'to miss the mark completely', 'to err greatly', or 'to sin thoroughly'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed and has ongoing results, indicating a state of having erred or sinned.

Inflection: Perfect Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑΣ, ΠΛΑΝΗΣ

G5319

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-neh-ROO

Translations: to make manifest, to reveal, to show, to appear, to be revealed, to be shown

Notes: This word means to make something visible, known, or evident. It can refer to revealing something that was hidden, or simply making something clear and apparent. It is often used in a theological sense to describe God or Christ being revealed. In its active form, it means 'to make manifest' or 'to show'; in its passive or middle form, it means 'to be made manifest' or 'to appear'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

G1223

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-kin-dy-NEV-on-tes

Translations: risking, venturing, undergoing danger, running a risk

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'risking' or 'venturing'. It describes someone who is currently in the process of taking a risk or facing danger. It is often used to indicate that an action is performed with great peril or at the cost of one's safety.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΤΟΛΜΩΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word διακινδυνεύω (diakindynéō) is a compound word formed from διά (diá), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and κινδυνεύω (kindynéō), meaning 'to be in danger' or 'to risk'. The prefix διά intensifies the meaning of the verb, indicating a thorough or complete engagement with danger.

G0516

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ax-ee-O-ma-khoi

Translations: worthy of battle, fit for battle, a match for, able to contend with

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'worthy of battle' or 'fit for battle'. It describes someone or something that is a suitable opponent or has the necessary strength or quality to engage in a fight or contest. It is used to indicate that a person or group is a match for another in terms of strength, skill, or numbers.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἸΣΟΠΑΛΗΣ, ἈΝΤΙΠΑΛΟΣ

G2545

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kow-SAN-tes

Translations: having burned, burning, they burned

Notes: ΚΑΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ is an aorist active participle, masculine plural, nominative case, derived from the verb 'καίω' (kaio), meaning 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. As a participle, it describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence, often translated as 'having burned' or 'burning'. It can also function adverbially, indicating the manner or cause of an action, or substantively, referring to 'those who burned'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΥΡΦΟΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΜΠΡΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΦΛΕΓΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb καίω (kaio) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to burn' or 'to shine'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G0340

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-KHO-ray-san

Translations: they withdrew, they departed, they went away, they retired

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναχωρέω (anachōreō). It means to withdraw, depart, or go away, often implying a movement from one place to another, or a retreat. It can be used to describe people leaving a location, or retreating from a situation.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχωρέω (anachōreō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room away from'.

G4350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-MIX-as

Translations: having joined, having mingled, having associated with, having engaged with, having come into contact with

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, masculine, singular, nominative case, derived from the verb ΠΡΟΣΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ (mignymi), meaning 'to mix, mingle'. Therefore, it describes the action of someone having approached and joined, mingled with, or engaged in conflict or association with others. It implies a coming together or interaction.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ΠΡΟΣΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ (mignymi), meaning 'to mix, mingle'. The root ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to mix'.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOHN

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having apprehended, having overtaken, having understood, having perceived, having attained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to take hold of, seize, apprehend, overtake, or understand. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can indicate the means by which something happens, the cause, or simply a preceding action. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G5348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FTHA-nee

Translations: he/she/it comes, he/she/it arrives, he/she/it reaches, he/she/it attains, he/she/it anticipates, he/she/it comes upon

Notes: This is the third person singular present active indicative form of the verb 'φθάνω'. It generally means to arrive, come, or reach a certain point or state. It can also imply anticipating or coming upon something unexpectedly. It is used to describe an action that is currently happening or a state that is currently being reached by a singular subject.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΗΚΩ

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BINE

Translations: to grasp, to seize, to comprehend, to overtake, to find, to lay hold of, to apprehend

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb καταλαμβάνω (katalambanō). It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. It can mean to take hold of something, either physically or mentally, implying a strong grasp or full comprehension. It is also used to mean to overtake someone or something, or to find something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word καταλαμβάνω (katalambanō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Its meaning evolved from physically taking hold of something to mentally grasping or comprehending.

G1229

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-beh-BEE-koh-tes

Translations: having crossed over, having passed through, having gone across

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having crossed over' or 'having passed through'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still relevant in the present. It is often used to describe movement from one side to another, such as crossing a river or a boundary.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΕΣ, ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G5290

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pos-tro-FAYNE

Translations: return, a return, turning back, a turning back

Notes: This word refers to the act of returning or turning back. It describes a movement back to a previous place or state. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the action of someone or something going back.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΝΟΔΟΣ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΣΤΡΟΦΗ (hypostrophē) is derived from the verb ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ (hypostrephō), meaning 'to turn back' or 'to return'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo, 'under' or 'back') and ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō, 'to turn').

G4170

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: po-LEH-may-sas

Translations: having warred, having fought, who warred, who fought

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'πολεμέω' (polemeō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to fight'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often translated as 'having warred' or 'having fought'. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances of another action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΕΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΓΩΝΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'πολεμέω' (polemeō) is derived from 'πόλεμος' (polemos), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. 'Πόλεμος' itself is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be agitated' or 'to move about'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-peh-LA-sas

Translations: having driven away, having expelled, having banished, having chased away

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἀπελαύνω (apelaunō), meaning 'to drive away' or 'to expel'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating the cause or circumstance of the main verb's action. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'Having driven away the enemy, he returned to the city.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΚΒΑΛΩΝ, ἘΞΕΛΑΣΑΣ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOS

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow countryman, kinsman, fellow believer

Notes: This word refers to a brother, either by birth or by a close familial or social bond. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ἙΤΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-el-THOHN

Translations: having come upon, having come over, having come, having gone, having attacked, having arrived, having approached

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eperchomai', meaning 'to come upon' or 'to go over'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone or something has arrived, approached, or even attacked. It is often used to describe an action that precedes another, functioning similarly to an English 'having done X' construction.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΦΙΚΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-REE-oyce

Translations: to a fortress, to fortresses, to a garrison, to garrisons, in a fortress, in fortresses, in a garrison, in garrisons

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, castle, or stronghold, or the garrison of soldiers stationed there. It is used to describe a secure location or a military post. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating location ('in the fortresses') or direction ('to the fortresses').

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: poy-AY-sas

Translations: having made, having done, making, doing, who made, who did

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often translates as 'having made' or 'having done', indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can also be translated as 'making' or 'doing' in certain contexts, or as a relative clause like 'who made' or 'who did'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3735

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-tah-tah

Translations: most fortified, most secure, most strongly, most securely

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ὀχυρός' (ochyros), meaning 'fortified' or 'secure'. As an adjective, it describes something as being 'most fortified' or 'most secure'. When used adverbially, it means 'most strongly' or 'most securely', indicating the highest degree of strength or security in an action or state. It can describe, for example, a city that is extremely well-fortified or an action carried out with the utmost security.

Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (if adjective); Superlative Adverb (if adverbial)

Synonyms: ΑΣΦΑΛΕΣΤΑΤΑ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΤΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'ὀχυρός' (ochyros) comes from 'ὀχυρόω' (ochyroo), meaning 'to make firm, to fortify', which in turn is derived from 'ὀχύρωμα' (ochyroma), meaning 'a fortress, stronghold'.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LA-kays

Translations: (to) a prison, (to) a guard, (to) a watch, (to) a watch-post, (to) a custody, (to) a keeping

Notes: This word refers to a place of confinement, such as a prison or jail, or to the act of guarding or keeping watch. It can also denote a period of time during which a watch is kept, like a night watch. In a sentence, it would indicate the location or the purpose of an action related to guarding or being confined.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

G2638

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOH-meh-nos

Translations: having seized, having grasped, having overtaken, having comprehended, having understood, having found, having laid hold of

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'καταλαμβάνω' (katalambanō). It describes an action that has been completed by the subject. It can mean to seize, grasp, or take possession of something, often with force or determination. It can also mean to overtake someone or something, or to comprehend and understand a concept. In a sentence, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has performed the action of seizing, understanding, or overtaking.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1014

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noos

Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, those wishing, those desiring, those intending

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing or desiring something. In this form, it functions adjectivally or substantively, often translated as 'those wishing' or 'those desiring', depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Masculine or Feminine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G1333

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-oy-kay-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: having managed, having administered, having arranged, having governed, having settled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διοικέω'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often implying a sense of having taken care of or arranged something. It can be used to describe someone who has managed affairs, administered a household or region, or settled a matter.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G4823

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-boo-LEH-oo-eh-toh

Translations: he was advising, he was consulting, he was deliberating, he was taking counsel

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'συν' (with, together) and 'βουλεύω' (to deliberate, advise). It means to advise together, to consult, or to deliberate with someone. In this form, it describes an ongoing action in the past, indicating that someone was in the process of advising or consulting.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb 'βουλεύω' (bouleuō), which means 'to deliberate' or 'to advise.' 'Βουλεύω' itself comes from 'βουλή' (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan.'

G2507

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: kah-thee-REE-meh-non

Translations: taken down, pulled down, destroyed, abolished, removed, a thing taken down, that which is taken down

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, neuter singular, of the verb 'καθαιρέω' (kathairéō). It describes something that has been taken down, pulled down, destroyed, or abolished. It can refer to physical structures being demolished or to abstract concepts being abolished or removed. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively to refer to 'that which has been taken down'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΑΝ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word 'καθαιρέω' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (katá), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'αἱρέω' (hairéō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to take down' or 'to pull down'.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAY-sai

Translations: to raise up, to cause to stand up, to restore, to establish, to build

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to cause something or someone to rise, stand up, or be established. It can be used in various contexts, such as raising someone from the dead, establishing a name or lineage, or building something up. It implies an action of setting something upright or bringing it into existence or prominence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') + ἵστημι (hístēmi, 'to stand, to set').

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yp-see-LOYS

Translations: (to) high, (to) lofty, (to) exalted, (on) high places, (to) heights

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'high', 'lofty', or 'exalted'. It can refer to physical height, such as a high mountain or a high place, or to metaphorical elevation, such as a high status or an exalted position. When used substantively, especially in the dative plural as in this form, it often refers to 'high places' or 'heights', which in ancient contexts could be sites of worship or sacrifice.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΕΞΟΧΟΣ

G1820

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-okh-yoo-ROH-sai

Translations: to fortify, to strengthen, to make very strong, to make impregnable

Notes: This word means to fortify or strengthen something thoroughly, making it very secure or impregnable. It implies a complete and robust act of fortification, often used in military or defensive contexts to describe making a place extremely strong.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΟΩ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΩ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΞΟΧΥΡΌΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'completely', and the verb ὀχυρόω (ochyroo), meaning 'to fortify' or 'to make strong'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of the base verb.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lo

Translations: other, another, different, an other, another thing

Notes: This word refers to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or is currently under consideration. It can be used to describe a different person, thing, or concept. It often functions as an adjective modifying a noun, but can also stand alone as a pronoun meaning 'another one' or 'another thing'. When used adverbially, it can mean 'otherwise' or 'in another way'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ, ἈΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΛΛΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G0456

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-noy-koh-doh-may-SAH-meh-noos

Translations: having built up, having rebuilt, having restored, having erected

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀνοικοδομέω', meaning 'to build up again', 'to rebuild', or 'to restore'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject. It is often used in contexts of physical construction or restoration, such as rebuilding walls or cities, but can also imply spiritual or moral restoration.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνοικοδομέω is a compound word formed from ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and οἰκοδομέω (oikodoméō), meaning 'to build a house' or 'to build'. Thus, it literally means 'to build up again' or 'to rebuild'.

G2142

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-po-REE-as

Translations: of abundance, of plenty, of prosperity, of resource, of means, of supply, of success, of ease

Notes: This word refers to a state of having ample resources, means, or provisions. It denotes abundance, plenty, or prosperity, often in the sense of having what is needed or more than enough. It can also refer to the ease or facility with which something is done or obtained. In a sentence, it would describe the condition of being well-supplied or having good fortune.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΦΘΟΝΙΑ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΘΗΝΙΑ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-REE-ah

Translations: fortresses, garrisons, guard posts

Notes: This word refers to fortified places, such as a fortress, a castle, or a military post. It can also denote a garrison or a body of troops stationed in such a place. It is used to describe strongholds or secure locations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑΤΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΙ, ΤΕΙΧΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'. It is related to φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watchman'.

G3735

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-teh-rah

Translations: stronger, more secure, more fortified, a stronger, a more secure, a more fortified

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ὈΧΥΡΟΣ', meaning 'strong' or 'secure'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of strength, security, or fortification. It is used to describe something that is more difficult to overcome, more protected, or more firmly established than something else. For example, a city might be described as 'ὈΧΥΡΩΤΕΡΑ' if its defenses are superior.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ἸΣΧΥΡΟΤΕΡΑ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΕΡΑ

G1381

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-kee-mas-THEY-sees

Translations: having been approved, having been tested, having been examined, having been proved

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dokimazo', meaning to test, examine, or approve. It describes something that has undergone a process of scrutiny and has been found to be genuine, reliable, or worthy. It is often used to indicate that something has been put to the test and has passed, thereby being approved or validated.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΕΛΕΓΧΩ, ΑΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From δοκιμή (dokimē, 'a test, proof') and -άζω (-azō, a verbal suffix). The root δοκιμή comes from δέχομαι (dechomai, 'to receive, accept'), implying something that is accepted after being tested.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-ee-ko-do-MEH-ee

Translations: was building, built, was constructing, constructed

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. It can be translated as 'was building' or 'used to build'. It is often used to describe the construction of physical structures like houses, cities, or towers, but can also refer to the edification or building up of people or communities in a metaphorical sense.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

G1603

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EP-emp-sen

Translations: he sent out, he sent forth, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something out or away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a dispatch or commission. It is typically used in the past tense to indicate that the action has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκπέμπω (ekpempō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send out'.

G0794

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: as-fah-LEE-so-MEH-non

Translations: securing, making safe, making sure, ensuring, guaranteeing, a securing, a making safe

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'asphalizo', meaning 'to make safe' or 'to secure'. It describes an action of making something firm, stable, or certain. It can be used to describe someone or something that is in the process of securing or being secured, or to refer to the act of securing itself.

Inflection: Middle or Passive Voice, Present Tense, Nominative or Accusative Case, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΠΙΣΤΟΩ

G1224

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: dee-AH-bas

Translations: a crossing, a passage, one who crosses, crossing over, passable

Notes: This word refers to the act of crossing over or passing through something, or a place where one crosses, such as a ford or a pass. It can also describe someone or something that is crossing or capable of being crossed. It is often used in contexts involving movement from one side to another, like crossing a river or a sea.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (as a noun/participle); Masculine, Accusative, Plural (as a participle); Feminine, Accusative, Plural (as a participle); Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural (as a participle)

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣΜΑ, ΠΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΒΑΣ is derived from the verb διαβαίνω (diabainō), meaning 'to step across, to pass through'. It is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the root βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G3189

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: meh-so-po-ta-MEE-ahn

Translations: Mesopotamia

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mesopotamia, a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system. It is a compound word derived from 'μέσος' (middle) and 'ποταμός' (river), literally meaning 'between rivers'. It is used to denote the geographical area.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek Μεσοποταμία (Mesopotamia), a compound of μέσος (mesos, “middle”) and ποταμός (potamos, “river”), referring to the land 'between the rivers' Tigris and Euphrates.

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tas-KHEIN

Translations: to hold fast, to restrain, to possess, to occupy, to hold back, to keep, to seize, to take possession of, to detain, to retain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'κατέχω' (katechō). It generally means to hold something firmly, to possess it, or to restrain it. It can also imply seizing or taking possession of something, or detaining someone or something. Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often conveying the idea of maintaining control or preventing movement.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

G5470

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sah-trah-PEH-ee-ohn

Translations: of satrapies, of provinces

Notes: This word refers to a satrapy or province, which was an administrative division in the ancient Persian Empire, governed by a satrap. It is used to describe the territories or regions under such governance.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΡΧΙΑ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From the Persian word 'xšaθrapāvan' (protector of the realm), which was Hellenized into 'satrapēs' (σατράπης), referring to the governor. 'Satrapeia' then refers to the territory governed by a satrap.

G1468

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eng-KRAH-tays

Translations: self-controlled, temperate, continent, master of, in possession of, a self-controlled person

Notes: This word describes someone who has mastery over themselves, particularly their desires, passions, or appetites. It implies self-control, temperance, or continence. It can also be used to mean being 'in possession of' or 'master of' something, indicating a firm grasp or control over an object or situation.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΩΝ, ἘΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'having power within' or 'having power over oneself'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G1782

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TEF-then

Translations: from here, hence, thence, from this place, from this time, from that time, from this point

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or sequence. It means 'from this place' or 'from this time/point onward'. It can be used to denote physical departure from a location or a logical progression from a previous statement or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ, ΕΝΘΑΔΕ

Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the demonstrative stem 'τεῦθεν', indicating origin or direction from a place.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EE-sthai

Translations: to make, to do, to create, to produce, to perform, to cause, to bring about, to appoint, to observe, to celebrate

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). It generally means 'to make' or 'to do', but in the middle voice, it often implies 'to make for oneself' or 'to do for oneself', or 'to cause to be done'. It can also be used idiomatically in various contexts, such as 'to perform' an action, 'to celebrate' a festival, or 'to appoint' someone. It is a very common and versatile verb in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G2730

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: kah-toy-KOON-tes

Translations: dwelling, inhabiting, residing, living, those who dwell, those who inhabit, those who reside, those who live

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'katoikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It describes someone or something that is currently dwelling or residing in a place. When used as a noun, it refers to 'those who dwell' or 'the inhabitants' of a particular area. It is often used to describe people living in a specific region or on the earth.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-DOH-nes

Translations: Macedonians

Notes: This word refers to the people from Macedonia, a historical region and kingdom located on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. In ancient times, the Macedonians were a distinct group, known for their military prowess, especially under leaders like Philip II and Alexander the Great.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From Μακεδονία (Makedonía), the name of the region. The name itself is thought to be related to the ancient Greek word μακεδνός (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the inhabitants of the mountainous region.

G4243

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-res-BEV-on-to

Translations: they were acting as ambassadors, they were sending an embassy, they were negotiating, they were representing

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to act as an ambassador,' 'to be an envoy,' or 'to negotiate.' It describes the action of sending or being part of an official delegation, often for diplomatic purposes or to represent a group. It is used to describe people who are engaging in formal communication or negotiation on behalf of others.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-DOH-seen

Translations: to hand over, to deliver, to betray, to entrust, to give up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning "beside" or "alongside," and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning "to give." It generally means to hand something over to someone, whether physically, legally, or conceptually. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering goods, entrusting a task, or even betraying someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G1869

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ar-THEIS

Translations: lifted up, exalted, raised, carried away, elated, swollen with pride

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epairō', meaning 'to lift up' or 'to raise'. As a participle, it describes an action or state related to the main verb of a sentence. It can convey the sense of being physically lifted or raised, but often it refers to being mentally or emotionally elevated, such as being elated, proud, or arrogant. It can also describe someone who is carried away by emotion or promises.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΨΩΘΕΙΣ, ΑΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΞΑΡΘΕΙΣ

G2694

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STREF-sai-toh

Translations: overthrow, destroy, subdue, turn over, overturn, bring to an end, put an end to

Notes: This word means to overthrow, destroy, or subdue. In the middle voice, as it is here, it implies performing the action for oneself or by oneself, such as 'to overthrow for oneself' or 'to subdue for oneself'. It can also mean to turn something over or to bring something to an end.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Middle, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to twist'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to turn down' or 'to turn over'.

G3934

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: par-THOOS

Translations: Parthians

Notes: This word refers to the Parthians, the inhabitants of Parthia, an ancient kingdom located southeast of the Caspian Sea, in what is now northeastern Iran. It is used to denote the people themselves, often in a collective sense, as seen in contexts describing military campaigns or geographical references.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΠΑΡΘΟΣ" (Parthos) is derived from the Old Persian "Parthava," which was the name of the region and its people. It entered Greek through contact with the Persian Empire.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NOY-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, come to pass, happen

Notes: This word is a verb expressing a wish, a possibility, or a command in a polite or indirect way. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it be' and is used to express a desire for something to happen or to come into existence. It can also mean 'to come into being' or 'to happen'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Optative Mood

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to the English word 'kin' and 'genesis'.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees

Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.

G1231

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-eh-GNO-koss

Translations: having decided, having determined, having discerned, having known fully

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still ongoing or relevant in the present. It means 'having decided' or 'having determined' something after a thorough examination or discernment. It can be used to describe someone who has come to a firm conclusion or judgment.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΡΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: deh-xah-MEH-non

Translations: of those who received, of those who welcomed, of those who accepted, of those who took, of those who entertained

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, meaning 'having received' or 'having welcomed'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, with the subject being the one who performs the action and also experiences the result (middle voice). It is used to refer to a group of people who performed the action of receiving or welcoming.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΥΠΟΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΩΝ

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-bal-OHN

Translations: having cast off, having thrown away, having lost, having rejected, having abandoned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apoballō', which means to cast off, throw away, or lose. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, indicating the subject has performed the action of casting off or losing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΡΙΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

G2198

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ZOHN

Translations: living, alive, a living one, the living one

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently living or alive. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the living God'), or as a noun itself, referring to 'a living one' or 'the living one'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΣ, ΕΝΕΡΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ζάω' (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to life or living.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LEEF-thay

Translations: was taken, was received, was seized, was caught, was obtained

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' In this passive form, it indicates that the subject was the recipient of the action, meaning 'he/she/it was taken,' 'was received,' or 'was seized.' It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').