2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1540

Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral

Sounds like: eh-kah-TOS-toh

Translations: hundredth, a hundredth

Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral adjective meaning 'hundredth'. It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, specifically the one hundredth position. It can modify a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case, as seen in the examples where it modifies 'ἔτει' (year) to mean 'the hundredth year'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ἑκατοστός (hekatostos) is derived from ἑκατόν (hekaton), meaning 'one hundred'. The suffix -στός is used to form ordinal numbers.

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khoo

Translations: of Antiochus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Antiochus, a common name among Hellenistic kings and other notable figures, particularly in the Seleucid Empire. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Antiochus' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek Ἀντίοχος (Antíokhos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound name derived from ἀντί (antí, 'against, in front of') and ἔχω (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2016

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-fah-NOOS

Translations: manifest, illustrious, notable, distinguished, glorious, Epiphanes, of Epiphanes

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is manifest, illustrious, or distinguished. It can refer to a visible or apparent quality, or to a person of high standing or renown. It is also famously used as a surname or epithet, particularly for Antiochus IV Epiphanes, meaning 'God Manifest' or 'Illustrious'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΦΑΝΗΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιφαίνω (epiphainō, “to show forth, appear”), from ἐπί (epi, “upon, to”) + φαίνω (phainō, “to shine, appear”).

G0305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-BAHN-tah

Translations: having gone up, having ascended, having come up, having risen, having climbed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates someone or something that has completed the action of going upwards, whether literally climbing a physical height or metaphorically rising in status or appearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΑ, ΑΝΙΟΝΤΑ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BES-thai

Translations: to seize, to lay hold of, to overtake, to apprehend, to comprehend, to grasp, to attain, to find, to come upon

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take hold of something, often with force or suddenness, implying seizing, overtaking, or apprehending. It can also refer to mentally grasping or comprehending something, or to attaining a goal. In some contexts, it means to find or come upon something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G4410

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ptoh-leh-MAH-ee-dah

Translations: Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais is the name of an ancient city, located on the coast of Phoenicia (modern-day Acre, Israel). It was a significant port city in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. It is used in sentences to refer to the city itself, often as a destination or location.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Ptolemais is derived from the Greek personal name Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος), a common name among the Hellenistic kings of Egypt, particularly Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who refounded and renamed the city.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khon

Translations: had, were having, possessed, held

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe an action that was happening over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they had' or 'they were holding'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5243

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-ay-fah-NEE-an

Translations: arrogance, pride, haughtiness, a haughtiness, an arrogance

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being arrogant, proud, or haughty. It describes an excessive sense of self-importance or superiority, often leading to disdain for others. It is typically used in a negative sense, indicating a sinful or undesirable trait. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object or the subject of a verb, for example, 'He showed great arrogance' or 'Arrogance led to his downfall.'

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ, ΤΥΦΟΣ, ΟΓΚΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1419

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dys-en-TEVK-ton

Translations: difficult to approach, inaccessible, unapproachable, hard to deal with

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is difficult to approach, either physically or in terms of communication and interaction. It can refer to a place that is hard to reach, or a person who is unapproachable or difficult to deal with. It is a compound word formed from the prefix δύς- (dys-), meaning 'difficult' or 'bad', and ἐντυγχάνω (entygchanō), meaning 'to meet with' or 'to entreat'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΠΡΟΣΙΤΟΣ, ΑΠΡΟΣΙΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix δύς- (dys-), meaning 'difficult' or 'bad', and the verbal adjective from ἐντυγχάνω (entygchanō), meaning 'to meet with' or 'to entreat'.

G0616

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-KLEI-sas

Translations: having shut, having closed, having locked out, having excluded

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action completed prior to the main verb of the sentence. It describes someone who has performed the action of shutting, closing, or locking something. It can be used to describe the state or action of someone who has completed the act of closing off a place or person.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΣΑΣ, ἈΠΟΦΡΑΞΑΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tet-ra-PYR-ghee-on

Translations: a four-towered building, a fortress, a castle

Notes: This is a compound noun referring to a building with four towers, essentially a fortress or a castle. It describes a fortified structure, often used for defense or as a royal residence. The word combines 'tetra' (four) and 'pyrgos' (tower).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΚΑΣΤΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix τετρα- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the noun πύργος (pyrgos), meaning 'tower' or 'fortress'. The suffix -ιον (-ion) is a diminutive or neuter ending.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-on

Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, royal palace, a royal palace, royal power, reign, royal

Notes: This word primarily functions as a noun meaning 'kingdom,' 'royal palace,' or 'royal power/authority.' It can refer to a literal territory ruled by a king, the physical dwelling of a king, or the abstract concept of royal dominion. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly,' describing something belonging to or characteristic of a king. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as a noun); Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king.' The suffix -ιον (-ion) indicates a place or thing associated with the root.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2680

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-keh-YOO-ah-sen

Translations: he prepared, he made ready, he built, he constructed, he furnished, he equipped, he created

Notes: This word describes the act of preparing, making ready, building, or constructing something. It implies a deliberate and often thorough process of bringing something into existence or into a state of readiness. It can be used for building physical structures, preparing a way, or even creating something in a broader sense.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and σκευάζω (skeuazō, 'to prepare, make ready'), which comes from σκεῦος (skeuos, 'vessel, implement, equipment'). The word literally means 'to prepare thoroughly' or 'to equip fully'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0490

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-O-khi-as

Translations: of Antioch

Notes: This word refers to the city of Antioch. It is a proper noun, and in this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of Antioch'. Antioch was a significant city in ancient times, particularly important in early Christian history.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Antioch' comes from the Greek name 'Antiochos', which was common among the Seleucid kings who founded many cities named Antioch. It is derived from 'anti' (against, in front of) and 'echein' (to have, to hold).

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEH-nah

Translations: no one, nobody, none, nothing

Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the negative pronoun/adjective "οὐδείς" (oudeis), meaning "no one," "nobody," or "nothing." It is a compound word formed from "οὐ" (ou, "not") and "εἷς" (heis, "one"). It is used to negate a person or thing, functioning as the direct object in a sentence. For example, it could mean "(I saw) no one" or "(I have) nothing."

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EE-eh-toh

Translations: he was admitting, he was receiving, he was allowing, he was accepting, he was permitting, he was letting in, he was approaching

Notes: This word describes the action of admitting, receiving, or allowing someone or something. It can also mean to accept or permit, or to let someone or something in. In some contexts, it can also mean to approach or come near. It is often used in a sense of giving access or approval.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The word προσίημι (prosiēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send, to throw, to let go'. Thus, it literally means 'to send towards' or 'to let go towards', which evolved into the meaning of admitting or receiving.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: RAH-thoo-moss

Translations: Rathymos, careless, negligent, idle, a careless one

Notes: This word appears to be used as a proper noun, likely a name or a title, in the provided context. However, its root meaning as an adjective is 'careless,' 'negligent,' or 'idle.' It describes someone who is not diligent or attentive. As an adjective, it would be used to describe a person or a state of being.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΟΣ, ΑΜΕΛΗΣ, ΝΩΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥᾴθυμος (rháithymos) is a compound word derived from ῥᾷστος (rhâistos), meaning 'easiest,' and θυμός (thymós), meaning 'spirit' or 'mind.' Thus, it literally means 'easy in spirit' or 'easy-minded,' leading to the sense of being careless or indifferent.

G3644

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oh-li-GO-ros

Translations: careless, negligent, heedless, indifferent

Notes: This adjective describes someone who is careless, negligent, or indifferent. It implies a lack of attention or concern for something that should be given proper consideration. It can be used to describe a person's attitude or actions.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΜΕΛΗΣ, ἈΠΡΟΣΕΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: From ὀλίγος (oligos), meaning 'little' or 'small', and ὥρα (hora), meaning 'care' or 'concern'. Thus, it literally means 'having little care'.

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-teh-tag-MEH-non

Translations: of those who are subjected, of those who are subordinate, of those who are obedient, of those who are placed under

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ὙΠΟΤΆΣΣΩ (hypotassō), meaning 'to place under, to subject, to subordinate, to obey.' It describes individuals or things that have been placed under the authority or control of another, or who are in a state of submission or obedience. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing the state or action of being subjected.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΚΟΩΝ, ΔΟΥΛΩΝ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G3402

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEE-sos

Translations: hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to the strong feeling of intense dislike or ill will towards someone or something. It is often used to describe animosity or enmity. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, for example, 'their hatred' or 'he felt hatred'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΑΠΕΧΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΟΣ comes from the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G1800

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-AHP-thay

Translations: was kindled, was inflamed, was set on fire, burst forth

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb ἐξάπτω (exaptō). It means 'to be kindled,' 'to be set on fire,' or 'to burst forth' (as in a flame or passion). It describes something that was ignited or inflamed, often referring to emotions or conflicts. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb ἅπτω (haptō), meaning 'to fasten' or 'to kindle.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΤΩ, ΚΑΙΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐξάπτω (exaptō) is formed from the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb ἅπτω (haptō), meaning 'to fasten,' 'to attach,' or 'to kindle.' The root ἅπτω is related to the idea of touching or joining, which extends to the action of setting something alight by contact.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-dee-LOH-kah-men

Translations: we have shown, we have declared, we have made clear, we have made known

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to show', 'to declare', 'to make clear', or 'to make known'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is used to state that a group of people (we) have already revealed or explained something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word δηλόω (dēloō) comes from the adjective δῆλος (dēlos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-non

Translations: having become, having happened, having been, having been born, that which has come into being, a thing that has happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to 'that which has come into being' or 'a thing that has happened'. It implies a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-gen

Translations: he led, he brought, he drove, he carried

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἄγω' (agō). It describes an action of leading, bringing, driving, or carrying that occurred in the past. The specific nuance often depends on the context, but it generally refers to someone or something being moved or guided by another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩΓΕΥΩ, ΟΔΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'.

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking up, having taken up, receiving, assuming, picking up, restoring

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, pick up, or receive something, often implying an action of lifting or resuming. It can also mean to assume a role or to restore something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-na-THAN

Translations: Jonathan

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Hebrew name Jonathan. It is a common biblical name, notably the son of King Saul and a close friend of David. In this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Jonathan is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yehonatan (יְהוֹנָתָן), meaning 'Yahweh has given' or 'gift of God'. It combines the divine name Yahweh (יהוה) with the verb 'natan' (נתן), meaning 'to give'.

G4849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sym-ma-KHEE-as

Translations: of alliance, of a military alliance, of confederacy, of assistance in war

Notes: This word refers to a military alliance, a confederacy, or the act of providing assistance in war. It is often used in contexts describing agreements or partnerships between groups or nations for mutual defense or offense. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of an alliance' or 'concerning an alliance'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

G1231

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EH-gno

Translations: decided, determined, discerned, knew fully, distinguished

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'διαγιγνώσκω' (diagignōskō). It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and 'γιγνώσκω' (gignōskō), meaning 'to know'. Therefore, it means to know thoroughly, to discern, to decide, or to determine after careful consideration. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where someone came to a firm conclusion or made a definitive judgment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4243

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-dee-ah-LEKH-thees

Translations: having conversed beforehand, having discussed previously, having spoken before

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'previously', and 'διαλέγομαι' (dialegomai), meaning 'to converse' or 'to discuss'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, indicating someone who has engaged in conversation or discussion prior to a specific point in time. It is used to describe a person who has previously spoken or debated.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Etymology: The word is formed from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'διαλέγομαι' (dialegomai), which comes from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G5399

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foh-bee-THAYS

Translations: having feared, being afraid, fearing, because he feared, when he feared

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb ΦΟΒΕΩ (phobeō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating cause, time, or concession. For example, it could mean 'the one who feared' or 'because he feared'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΣΑΣ, ΤΡΕΜΩΝ

G3415

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mnee-see-ka-KAY-sas

Translations: having borne a grudge, having remembered evil, having nursed resentment

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'μνησικακέω'. It describes someone who has, in the past, held a grudge or remembered an injury with ill will. It is a compound word formed from 'μνήμη' (memory) and 'κακός' (evil), literally meaning 'to remember evil'. It is used to indicate a completed action of holding resentment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΕΩ, ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G4867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ath-ROI-zane

Translations: to gather together, to assemble, to collect

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning "to gather together" or "to assemble." It describes the action of bringing people or things into one place. It is often used to refer to the gathering of a crowd, an army, or resources. The prefix "συν-" (syn-) means "with" or "together," and "ἀθροίζω" (athroizō) means "to gather" or "to collect."

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ (athroizō), meaning "to gather" or "to collect." ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ itself comes from ἄθροος (athroos), meaning "crowded" or "in a mass."

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1457

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EK-lee-seh

Translations: he enclosed, he shut in, he confined, he imprisoned

Notes: This word describes the action of enclosing, shutting in, or confining something or someone. It is used to indicate that a person or object has been placed within a boundary or a closed space, often implying a sense of being trapped or restricted. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in) and 'κλείω' (to shut).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΩ, ΣΥΓΚΛΕΙΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΛΕΙΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΚΛΕΙΩ (enkliō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'within,' and the verb κλείω (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close.' It signifies the action of shutting something in or enclosing it.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G206

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: AH-krah

Translations: top, summit, end, extremity, tip, peak, highest, outermost

Notes: This word refers to the highest or outermost point of something, such as the top of a mountain, the end of a limb, or the edge of a territory. It can be used as a noun meaning 'summit' or 'extremity', or as an adjective meaning 'highest' or 'outermost'. In the provided context, 'ἈΚΡΑ' likely refers to the 'ends' or 'extremities' of the earth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative/Vocative, Feminine (from ΑΚΡΟΣ); or Singular, Nominative/Vocative, Neuter (from ΑΚΡΟΝ)

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

G0618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-lah-BANE

Translations: to receive back, to get back, to recover, to obtain, to receive

Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (away from, back) and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (to take, to receive). It generally means to receive something back, to recover what was lost or due, or to obtain something that is rightfully yours. It can also simply mean to receive, especially in the sense of receiving a reward or recompense.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀπολαμβάνω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Its meaning evolved from 'to take back' to 'to receive' or 'to obtain'.

G4363

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-pes-ON-ton

Translations: of those who fell down, of those who prostrated themselves, of those who fell upon, of those who approached

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'προσπίπτω' (prospiptō), meaning 'to fall upon,' 'to fall down before,' or 'to prostrate oneself.' It describes an action of falling or prostrating, often in supplication, worship, or to embrace someone. In this form, it indicates 'of those who performed this action.'

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: phroo-ROON-tohn

Translations: guarding, keeping watch, watching over, protecting

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'phroureo', meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'. It describes an ongoing action of guarding or protecting. It is used to indicate someone who is actively performing the action of guarding, often implying a continuous or habitual state of vigilance. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'those who are guarding the city'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural or Neuter, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureo) comes from φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard', which itself is derived from πρό (pro), meaning 'before', and ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'. Thus, it literally means 'to see before' or 'to watch over'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-KRO-po-lin

Translations: acropolis, a citadel, a fortress

Notes: This word refers to the highest and most fortified part of an ancient Greek city, often built on a hill. It served as a defensive stronghold and often contained important temples and public buildings. It is a compound word formed from 'ἄκρος' (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'uppermost', and 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΑ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΟΛΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΚΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ' is a compound of two Greek words: 'ἄκρος' (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'uppermost', and 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city'. It literally translates to 'highest city' or 'city on the edge'.

G0314

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nahg-naws-THEN-tohn

Translations: of those having been read, when they had been read, after they were read

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the verb 'to read' (γινώσκω) and the prefix 'ana-' (again, up, back). It means 'of those having been read' or 'when they had been read'. It is used to describe something that has already been read or publicly recited, often functioning adverbially to indicate a temporal relationship (after something was read).

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΝΩΣΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ἈΝΑΓΝΩΣΘΕΙΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0765

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-SEH-bays

Translations: ungodly, impious, wicked, unrighteous, a wicked person, the ungodly

Notes: This word describes someone who is irreverent towards God, lacking in piety, or acting contrary to divine law. It can be used as an adjective to describe things or people, or substantively as a noun to refer to 'the ungodly' or 'wicked people'. It implies a deliberate disregard for religious or moral obligations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-kro-POH-leh-ohs

Translations: of the acropolis, of an acropolis, of the citadel, of a citadel

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΚΑΣΤΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἀκρόπολις (akropolis) is a compound of two Greek words: ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'outermost', and πόλις (polis), meaning 'city'. It literally means 'highest city' or 'city on the edge'.

G3029

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G2010

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-TET-roh-foh-tos

Translations: of having entrusted, of having permitted, of having allowed, of having committed, of having given charge

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating an action completed in the past with continuing results. It describes someone who has entrusted, permitted, or allowed something. It is used to modify a noun or pronoun, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially, and in this genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or the subject of a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

G4816

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-le-GEIN

Translations: to gather, to collect, to pick up, to glean

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to gather'. In this context, it means to gather things together, to collect them, or to pick them up. It is often used in the context of harvesting, such as gathering crops or gleaning what is left behind. It can also refer to collecting people or objects for a specific purpose.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΚΑΡΠΟΛΟΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), which originally meant 'to gather' or 'to collect' before it came to mean 'to say' or 'to speak'. The compound form emphasizes the action of bringing things together.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-toh

Translations: was making, was doing, made, did, was producing, was performing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'poieō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it means 'was making for oneself' or 'was doing for oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'was being made' or 'was being done'. The context usually clarifies whether it's middle or passive.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G2538

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-ee-NEE-zon

Translations: renewing, making new, restoring, renovating

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'kainizō', meaning 'to make new' or 'to renew'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It is used to indicate the process of restoring something to its original or improved state, or creating something fresh. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'he was renewing the city' or 'they were making new laws'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΝΕΟΩ

Etymology: The verb ΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ (kainizō) is derived from the adjective ΚΑΙΝΟΣ (kainos), meaning 'new' or 'fresh'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G2687

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-oo-AH-zohn

Translations: preparing, making ready, building, constructing, furnishing, equipping, providing, establishing, creating

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to prepare thoroughly' or 'to make ready'. It describes the act of building, constructing, furnishing, or equipping something. It can also refer to establishing or creating something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is in the process of performing this action.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word κατασκευάζω is a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly', and σκευάζω (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'. The latter part is derived from σκεῦος (skeuos), meaning 'vessel', 'implement', or 'equipment'.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G5074

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tet-ra-GOH-non

Translations: of square, of squared, of four-cornered

Notes: This word describes something that is square, four-cornered, or quadrilateral in shape. It is often used to describe objects or structures that have a distinct, regular, and often solid, four-sided form, such as stones or pieces of wood. It is a compound word formed from 'τετρα-' (tetra-), meaning 'four', and 'γωνία' (gonia), meaning 'angle' or 'corner'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΡΑΠΛΕΥΡΟΣ, ΤΕΤΡΑΓΩΝΙΟΣ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G0795

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: as-fal-es-TEH-ra

Translations: safer, more secure, more certain, more trustworthy

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'safe' or 'secure'. It means 'safer', 'more secure', 'more certain', or 'more trustworthy'. It is used to describe something that offers a greater degree of safety, certainty, or reliability compared to something else. For example, one might say 'a safer path' or 'a more certain promise'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΤΕΡΑ, ΠΙΣΤΟΤΕΡΑ

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-RON-tes

Translations: seeing, beholding, looking at, perceiving, observing, those seeing, the ones seeing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'οράω' (oraō), meaning 'to see' or 'to behold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, 'ο̄ρῶντες' refers to 'those who are seeing' or 'the ones who are beholding'. It can be used to describe people who are actively observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'οράω' (oraō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-REE-ohn

Translations: of a fortress, of a garrison, of a guard-post, of a stronghold, of a prison

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, garrison, or stronghold. It can also refer to a guard-post or a prison. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relation to multiple such fortified places.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch', which itself is derived from φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.

G3950

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: par-EX

Translations: except, besides, apart from, other than, without

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'besides' or 'except'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and means 'apart from' or 'without', indicating exclusion or separation from something. It is used to specify what is excluded from a general statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΝ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside”) and ἔξω (éxō, “out, outside”). It literally means 'beside outside' or 'out from beside'.

G0967

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bahee-thsoo-RAH

Translations: Beth-zur

Notes: Beth-zur is a proper noun referring to an ancient fortified city in Judea, located in the hill country. It is mentioned in the Old Testament and historical texts as a strategic stronghold. The name is a compound word, meaning 'house of rock' or 'house of a strong place'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine

Etymology: From Hebrew בֵּית צוּר (Beth Tsur), meaning 'house of rock' or 'house of a strong place'. It is a compound of בַּיִת (bayit, 'house') and צוּר (tsur, 'rock', 'fortress').

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-ohn

Translations: more, greater, much, many

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater' in quantity, number, or degree. It is often used to compare one thing to another, indicating an excess or superiority. It can also simply mean 'much' or 'many' when the comparison is implied or less explicit.

Inflection: Comparative adjective, inflects for gender (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter), number (Singular, Plural), and case (Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative).

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΟΛΥΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G3351

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOY-rah

Translations: part, portion, share, lot, fate, destiny, a part, a portion, a share

Notes: This word refers to a part, portion, or share of something, often implying an allotted portion or a division. It can also signify one's lot or destiny, the fate assigned to a person or thing. In some contexts, it can refer to the personification of fate or destiny. It is used to describe a segment or a division of a whole.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΥΧΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *smer- meaning 'to allot, assign'. It refers to that which is allotted or assigned, hence a portion or fate.

G5343

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-FEF-go-tohn

Translations: (of) those who have fled, (of) those who have escaped, (of) the fugitives

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having fled' or 'having escaped'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who has completed the action of fleeing. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who have fled' or 'of the fugitives'. It can be used to describe a group of people who have taken flight or escaped from a situation.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word φεύγω (pheugō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeug-, meaning 'to flee'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the idea of fleeing or escaping.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-RAS

Translations: of a guard, of a garrison, of a watch, of a prison, guard, garrison, watch, prison

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a garrison, a watch, or a prison. It can denote a body of soldiers stationed to guard a place, the act of guarding, or the place where one is guarded or confined. It is used to describe protection or custody.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ

Etymology: From φρουρός (phrouros, "a guard"), which is from προ- (pro-, "before") and ὁράω (horaō, "to see"). Thus, literally "one who sees before" or "one who watches over."

G1459

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-ka-te-LI-pon

Translations: they forsook, they abandoned, they left behind, they deserted

Notes: This verb means to completely abandon, desert, or leave behind, often implying a sense of neglect or failure to support. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people. For example, it can be used to say 'they abandoned the city' or 'they forsook their friends'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ is a compound verb formed from three parts: the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among'; the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against'; and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon'. The combination intensifies the meaning of leaving or abandoning.

G220

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-poy-AY-sah-toh

Translations: made, did, performed, accomplished, produced, caused, made for himself, did for himself

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often implies that the action is done by the subject for themselves, or for their own benefit, or that the subject is involved in the result of the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as making something, performing an action, or causing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-THEE-ken

Translations: he arranged, he covenanted, he made a covenant, he disposed, he appointed, he bequeathed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (TITHĒMI), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. Together, it means to arrange, to dispose, or to make a covenant or will. It describes the act of setting something in order, often with a binding or legal implication, such as establishing an agreement or a testament.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

G4171

Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: POH-leh-mohn

Translations: war, battle, fight, of wars, of battles, of fights, Polemon

Notes: This word can refer to a war, battle, or fight. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple conflicts. It can also be used as a proper noun, referring to the personal name Polemon. In the provided examples, it appears both as a common noun in the genitive plural (meaning 'of wars') and potentially as a proper noun (Polemon).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative (Proper Noun); Plural, Genitive (Common Noun)

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OY-ah

Translations: such as, of what sort, what kind of, as, like, as great as, as much as

Notes: This word is an adjective or adverb used to express comparison or quality. As an adjective, it means 'such as' or 'of what sort,' describing the nature or kind of something. As an adverb, it means 'as' or 'like,' indicating similarity or manner. It can also be used in exclamations to express wonder or surprise, meaning 'what a!' or 'how great!'.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Singular; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ

G3958

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-PON-thohs

Translations: having suffered, having endured, having experienced, one who has suffered, one who has endured

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'ΠΑΣΧΩ' (pascho), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. As a participle, it describes someone who has already undergone or experienced something, often suffering or hardship. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive (like a noun) referring to 'the one who has suffered' or 'he who has experienced'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΘΩΝ, ΥΠΟΜΕΙΝΑΣ

Etymology: The verb 'ΠΑΣΧΩ' (pascho) comes from an ancient root related to suffering or experiencing. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating the reception of an action or an experience, often involving pain or hardship.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bak-KHEE-doo

Translations: of Bacchides

Notes: Bacchides was a Syrian general under Demetrius I Soter, the Seleucid king. He is mentioned in the First Book of Maccabees and in the writings of Josephus, primarily for his military campaigns against Judas Maccabeus and the Hasmoneans in Judea during the 2nd century BCE. The word is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Bacchides is of Greek origin, derived from the name Bacchus (Dionysus), the Greek god of wine and revelry. It likely means 'son of Bacchus' or 'belonging to Bacchus'.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOO

Translations: of a commander, of a general, of a governor, of a captain, of a chief magistrate

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, general, or a civil governor or chief magistrate. In ancient Greek city-states, a strategos was an elected official responsible for military affairs, often holding significant political power. It can also refer to a captain or chief officer in a broader sense.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound word derived from ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ (STRATOS), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

G4849

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: sym-MAKH-on

Translations: ally, a helper, a fellow fighter, a confederate, a supporter

Notes: This word describes someone who fights alongside another, an ally, or a helper. It can be used as an adjective to describe something that is allied or helpful, or as a noun to refer to an ally or a confederate. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μάχομαι' (machomai), meaning 'to fight'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-REIN

Translations: to find, to discover, to obtain, to learn

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'εὑρίσκω' (heuriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. It is used to express the action of finding something or someone, or coming to know something. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'to find a way' or 'to find truth'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'εὑρίσκω' (heuriskō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to get' or 'to obtain'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G3918

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON-tee

Translations: (to) present, (to) being present, (to) at hand, (to) the one present

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be present'. It describes someone or something that is currently in a particular place or time, or refers to the person or thing that is present. As a dative form, it often indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the one who is present' or 'to the present thing/situation'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΝΤΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΙ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROH

Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G0407

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-DREH-yos

Translations: brave, courageous, manly, valiant, a brave man

Notes: This word describes someone who is brave, courageous, or manly. It is used to commend someone for their valor, especially in the face of danger or adversity. It can be used to describe a person's character or actions, often implying strength and fortitude.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΙΚΟΣ, ΘΑΡΣΑΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΨΥΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'husband', combined with the suffix -ειος (-eios), which forms adjectives. Thus, it literally means 'manly' or 'pertaining to a man', evolving to signify qualities associated with a man, such as bravery and courage.

G3615

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-on

Translations: one's own, proper, fitting, suitable, domestic, familiar, a proper thing, one's own thing

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as belonging to one's household, family, or self. It can also mean something that is proper, fitting, or suitable for a particular situation or person. It is often used to indicate a close relationship or inherent quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΙΔΙΟΣ, ΕΜΟΣ, ΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ (from which ΟἸΚΕΙΟΝ is derived) comes from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. It refers to that which pertains to or belongs to a house or family.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kah

Translations: evil things, bad things, evils, misfortunes, troubles, a bad thing, an evil thing

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. As 'ΚΑΚΑ', it typically functions as a neuter plural noun or adjective, referring to 'evil things', 'bad things', 'misfortunes', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are morally wrong, harmful, or unpleasant. For example, it can be used to speak of calamities or wicked deeds.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΑ, ΦΑΥΛΑ, ΒΛΑΒΕΡΑ

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-koss

Translations: having made, having done, one who has made, one who has done

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It describes someone or something that has already performed the action of making or doing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, meaning 'the one who has made/done'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G5105

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: toy-GAR-oon

Translations: therefore, consequently, accordingly, then, so then

Notes: This word is a strong inferential conjunction or adverb, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It is used to introduce a conclusion or result that logically follows from what has just been stated. It emphasizes the consequence of a preceding statement, often indicating a strong logical deduction or a call to action based on prior information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟYΝ, ΔΙΟ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of three particles: τοί (toi, 'indeed'), γάρ (gar, 'for'), and οὖν (oun, 'therefore'). It emphasizes the logical connection between statements.

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-lon

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EE-sthai

Translations: to make, to do, to create, to produce, to perform, to cause, to bring about, to appoint, to observe, to celebrate

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). It generally means 'to make' or 'to do', but in the middle voice, it often implies 'to make for oneself' or 'to do for oneself', or 'to cause to be done'. It can also be used idiomatically in various contexts, such as 'to perform' an action, 'to celebrate' a festival, or 'to appoint' someone. It is a very common and versatile verb in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AL-loh-teh

Translations: at another time, formerly, once, sometimes, at other times

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'at another time' or 'formerly'. It is used to indicate a different point in time from the present or a past occasion. It can also mean 'sometimes' or 'at other times' when used in a repetitive context, often paired with itself (e.g., 'ἈΛΛΟΤΕ ἈΛΛΟΤΕ' meaning 'at one time... at another time').

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: This word is formed from the Greek word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other', combined with the temporal suffix '-τε' (-te), which indicates 'when' or 'at that time'.

G5540

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: khree-see-MOH-teh-ron

Translations: more useful, more profitable, more serviceable, a more useful thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'useful' or 'profitable'. It indicates a higher degree of usefulness or advantage. It is used to describe something that is more beneficial or advantageous than something else, often in a neuter sense, referring to 'that which is more useful' or 'a more useful thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΛΥΣΙΤΕΛΕΣΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ (chrēsimos) comes from the verb χράομαι (chráomai), meaning 'to use'. The suffix -τερον indicates the comparative degree.

G3870

Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LEH-in

Translations: to call to one's side, to exhort, to comfort, to encourage, to appeal, to beseech, to implore

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para, 'beside, alongside') and 'καλέω' (kaleo, 'to call'). It means to call someone to one's side, often with the intention of offering comfort, encouragement, or exhortation. It can also mean to appeal to someone, to beg, or to implore them. Its usage varies depending on the context, ranging from gentle encouragement to urgent pleading.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΕΙΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΔΕΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'παρά' (para, 'beside, alongside') and 'καλέω' (kaleo, 'to call'). The combination implies calling someone to one's side for a specific purpose, such as help, comfort, or instruction.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-PHO

Translations: to brother, to a brother, to fellow believer, to a fellow believer, to countryman, to a countryman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it is also commonly used in a broader sense to refer to a fellow countryman, a fellow human being, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is a dative form, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khai-REIN

Translations: to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G5373

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-LEE-as

Translations: of friendship, of affection, of love

Notes: This word refers to the bond of friendship, affection, or love between individuals. It describes a close relationship characterized by mutual regard and goodwill. In a sentence, it would typically indicate the nature of a relationship or the quality of affection, often appearing in a genitive construction to show possession or origin, such as 'the bond of friendship'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΣ, ΕΡΩΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΡΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΙΑ (philia) comes from the Greek word φίλος (philos), meaning 'beloved, dear, friendly'. It is related to the verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love, to be fond of'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ah

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This word refers to a high priest, the chief religious official in ancient Israel. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It is used to denote the head of the priestly order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEES-thigh

Translations: to be called, to be named, to be invited

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'to call'. It means 'to be called' or 'to be invited'. It is used to express an action that is being done to the subject, rather than by the subject, and functions as a verbal noun, often indicating purpose or result.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΕΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to shout' or 'to call'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAL-kah

Translations: I have sent, I have dispatched, I have commissioned

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), meaning 'to send away' or 'to dispatch'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. It describes the state of having sent someone or something, or the result of that sending.

Inflection: First person singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G1431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doh-reh-AS

Translations: gift, a gift, present, a present, bounty, a bounty, donation, a donation

Notes: This word refers to a gift, present, or donation. It signifies something freely given or bestowed, often as an act of generosity or favor. It can be used in contexts where someone receives a benefit or a grant.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word δωρεά (dōrea) comes from δῶρον (dōron), meaning 'gift'. It is related to the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), 'to give'.

G5091

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tee-may-THEN-tah

Translations: honored, having been honored, esteemed, valued, a honored one, an honored one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τιμάω' (timáō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has been honored or esteemed. It can be used to refer to a person who has received honor or to describe an object that is highly valued.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑΣΘΕΝΤΑ, ΣΕΒΑΣΘΕΝΤΑ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ghee-NES-thai

Translations: to become, to happen, to be, to come into being, to be born, to arise, to come to pass

Notes: This verb is very common in Koine Greek and has a broad range of meanings, primarily related to something coming into existence, happening, or changing state. It can describe a process of becoming, an event taking place, or a person being born. It is often used impersonally to mean 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.

G1209

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-KSAH-meh-nos

Translations: receiving, having received, accepting, having accepted, welcoming, having welcomed, taking, having taken

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dechomai', meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing. It often conveys the sense of someone who has taken something into their possession, welcomed someone, or accepted a proposition.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΥΠΟΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G1746

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-DEW-eh-tai

Translations: he puts on, she puts on, it puts on, he clothes himself, she clothes herself, it clothes itself, he wears, she wears, it wears

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to put on' or 'to clothe oneself with'. It is often used in the context of putting on clothing or garments, but can also be used metaphorically for taking on a quality or characteristic. It describes an action performed by a third person singular subject.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ἈΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΔΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb ΔΥΩ (dyō), meaning 'to enter' or 'to sink'. Thus, it literally means 'to go into' or 'to sink into' clothing.

G2409

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hee-er-ah-tee-KEEN

Translations: priestly, a priestly, sacerdotal

Notes: This word describes something related to priests or the priesthood. It refers to things that are sacred or belong to the priestly office, such as priestly garments or duties. It is often used to qualify nouns, indicating their connection to religious service.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΑΡΧΙΕΡΑΤΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΑΤΙΚΟΣ (hieratikos) comes from the Greek word ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest', which itself is derived from ἱερός (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy'.

G4642

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: skay-no-pay-GHEE-as

Translations: (of) the Feast of Tabernacles, (of) the Feast of Booths

Notes: This word refers to the Feast of Tabernacles, also known as the Feast of Booths, an important Jewish festival. It is a compound word derived from 'σκήνη' (skēnē), meaning 'tent' or 'tabernacle', and 'πηγία' (pēgia), related to 'πηγνύω' (pēgnýō), meaning 'to fix' or 'to pitch'. The festival commemorates the forty years the Israelites spent wandering in the desert after the Exodus, living in temporary shelters or booths.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΣΚΗΝΟΠΗΓΙΑ (skēnopēgia) is a compound noun formed from σκήνη (skēnē), meaning 'tent, tabernacle, booth', and the root of πηγνύω (pēgnýō), meaning 'to fix, to pitch'. It literally means 'the pitching of tents' or 'the dwelling in tents'.

G1763

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-STA-sees

Translations: occurrence, presence, a presence, a standing in, an onset, an attack, an objection, an opposition

Notes: This word refers to the act of standing in or being present, often implying an occurrence or the arrival of something. It can also denote an onset or attack, or more abstractly, an objection or opposition. In the provided context, it seems to refer to the 'occurrence' or 'arrival' of a festival.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΣΤΑΣΙΣ (enstasis) comes from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', and the noun στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state'. Thus, it literally means 'a standing in' or 'a state of being in'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G5477

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-AL-ke-oo-en

Translations: was forging, used to forge, he forged, she forged, it forged, was working with metal, used to work with metal, he worked with metal, she worked with metal, it worked with metal

Notes: This word describes the action of working with metal, specifically forging or acting as a smith. It is used to indicate an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as 'he was continually forging' or 'he used to work as a smith'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΚΕΥΩ comes from the Greek word χαλκεύς (chalkeus), meaning 'coppersmith' or 'brazier', which in turn derives from χαλκός (chalkos), meaning 'copper' or 'bronze'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mah-THON-tah

Translations: having learned, having understood, having been taught, having gained knowledge

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μανθάνω' (manthano), meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. As an aorist active participle, it describes an action that was completed in the past and has a direct bearing on the main verb of the sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having learned the truth, he acted' or 'they, having been taught, went forth'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΑ, ΕΙΔΟΤΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΑ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4298

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-la-BOHN

Translations: having taken beforehand, having anticipated, having come before, having surprised, having seized beforehand, having prevented

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'prolambanō', meaning 'to take beforehand' or 'to anticipate'. It describes an action that occurs prior to something else, often with the sense of preventing or surprising. It can be used to indicate that someone has acted preemptively or has arrived before another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΦΘΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G5363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-fee-lan-THROH-pehv-sah-toh

Translations: he showed kindness, he acted humanely, he treated with humanity, he was philanthropic

Notes: This word describes the act of showing kindness, humanity, or benevolence towards others. It implies a compassionate and philanthropic disposition, often in a practical sense of providing help or good treatment. It is used to describe someone who has acted in a humane or benevolent manner.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΕΩ, ΕΥΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΕΥΩ is derived from ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (philanthrōpos), meaning 'loving mankind' or 'benevolent'. This in turn comes from ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos, 'loving') and ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos, 'man, human being').

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nay

Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G5083

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-tay-RAY-sah-teh

Translations: you kept, you observed, you guarded, you preserved

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist active indicative, second person plural. It means 'to keep,' 'to observe,' 'to guard,' or 'to preserve.' It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('you all'). For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'You all kept the commandments' or 'You all preserved the peace.' The prefix 'διε-' (dia-) intensifies the meaning, suggesting 'thoroughly' or 'through and through,' so 'you thoroughly kept' or 'you carefully preserved' is also implied.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

G3985

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pei-RAH-sa-sin

Translations: having tested, having tempted, having tried, to those who tested, to those who tempted, to those who tried

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'peirazo', meaning to test, tempt, or try. It describes an action that has already occurred (aorist tense) and is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' the ones who performed the action. It is plural, referring to multiple individuals. It can be used to describe someone who has put another to the test, or who has attempted something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ETH-es-theh

Translations: you added, you put to, you joined, you put besides, you gave besides

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'in addition to') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, meaning 'to put' or 'to place'). It means to add something to something else, to put something in addition, or to join oneself to something. It is used to describe the action of increasing or supplementing.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ

G1867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PAI-noh

Translations: praise, commend, approve, applaud

Notes: This verb means to praise, commend, or approve of someone or something. It is used to express admiration or positive judgment. For example, one might praise a person for their good deeds or commend a speech for its wisdom.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΩ, ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, 'upon, to') and αἶνος (aînos, 'praise, story'). The word literally means 'to put praise upon' someone or something.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G0618

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-lay-pso-MEH-noos

Translations: about to receive, about to take back, about to get back, about to recover

Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb ἀπολαμβάνω, meaning 'to receive,' 'to take back,' or 'to get back.' As a future participle, it indicates an action that is 'about to happen' or 'destined to happen' in the future, often with the sense of 'those who are about to receive' or 'those who will receive.' It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively to refer to 'the ones who are about to receive.'

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Future, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΛΗΨΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-moy-BAS

Translations: recompense, return, requital, a recompense, a return, a requital

Notes: This word refers to a recompense, return, or requital, often implying a reciprocal action or payment for something given or done. It can be used in contexts of both positive and negative returns, such as a reward for good deeds or a punishment for bad ones.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΔΟΣΙΣ, ἈΝΤΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἀμοιβή (amoibē) comes from the verb ἀμείβω (ameibō), meaning 'to change, exchange, requite'. It is related to the idea of reciprocal action or interchange.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-stoos

Translations: most, very many, the greatest number

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. 'ΠΛΕΙΣΤΟΥΣ' specifically means 'most' or 'very many' and is used to describe a large quantity or number of masculine nouns in the accusative case. For example, it could refer to 'most people' or 'very many things'.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΜΠΟΛΛΟΥΣ, ΠΟΛΛΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'πολύς' (polys), from which 'πλείστους' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'full' or 'much'.

G0447

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nee-SO

Translations: I will let go, I will relax, I will loosen, I will allow, I will permit, I will neglect

Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb meaning 'to let go' or 'to relax'. It signifies an action of releasing, loosening, or ceasing to hold something tightly. It can also mean to permit or allow something to happen, or to neglect a duty or responsibility.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΧΑΛΑΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνίημι (aniēmi) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. Thus, it literally means 'to send up' or 'to send back', which evolved into the sense of releasing or letting go.

G5411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHO-ron

Translations: of taxes, of tributes, of a tax, of a tribute

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'φόρος' (phoros), which means 'tribute' or 'tax'. It refers to payments made, often to a governing authority, as a form of obligation or revenue. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin related to taxes or tributes, such as 'the collection of taxes' or 'the burden of tributes'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΔΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry', referring to something that is brought or borne as a payment.

G4943

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-TA-kseh-ohn

Translations: of contributions, of payments, of arrangements, of compositions

Notes: This word refers to an arrangement, a contribution, a payment, or a composition. It can describe an ordered system, a sum of money paid, or a written work. In the provided context, it refers to payments or contributions, specifically taxes.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΦΟΡΑ, ΦΟΡΟΣ, ΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek σύνταξις (súntaxis), from συντάσσω (suntássō, “to arrange together”), from σύν (sýn, “with, together”) + τάσσω (tássō, “to arrange, to order”).

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEE-ay-mee

Translations: send away, let go, release, permit, allow, forgive, pardon, abandon, leave, dismiss

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi, 'to send, to throw'). It means to send away, let go, or release. Depending on the context, it can also mean to permit or allow, to forgive or pardon, or to abandon or leave something behind. It is often used in the sense of releasing someone from an obligation or debt, or forgiving sins.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΑΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΦΙΗΜΙ is a compound of the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. Its meaning developed from the literal sense of 'sending away' to include concepts of releasing, permitting, and forgiving.

G5411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOH-roos

Translations: tribute, tax, a tax, a tribute

Notes: This word refers to a payment, tribute, or tax, often imposed by a ruler or government. It signifies something that is 'borne' or 'carried' as an obligation. It is used in sentences to denote the financial or material contribution required from subjects or citizens.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΔΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΡΟΣ (phoros) comes from the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It refers to something that is 'borne' or 'brought' as a payment or tribute.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G5483

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kha-RI-zo-mai

Translations: I give freely, I grant, I forgive, I pardon, I show favor, I bestow, I remit

Notes: This verb means to give freely, to grant a favor, to forgive, or to pardon. It implies an act of grace or kindness, often without expectation of return. It can be used in contexts of bestowing gifts, showing favor, or releasing someone from an obligation or debt, including forgiving sins.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From χάρις (charis, 'grace, favor') and the middle voice ending -ίζομαι (-izomai). It literally means 'to act graciously' or 'to show favor'.

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eph-EH-reh-teh

Translations: you were bringing, you were offering, you were presenting, you were sacrificing

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō, meaning 'to bring' or 'to carry'). In its imperfect tense, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to bring to', 'to offer', 'to present', or 'to sacrifice'. It is used when someone was in the process of bringing something to someone or offering something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TREE-tone

Translations: Triton

Notes: Triton is a mythological Greek god of the sea, the son of Poseidon and Amphitrite. He is typically depicted as a merman, with the upper body of a human and the lower body of a fish. He is often associated with a conch shell, which he blows like a trumpet to calm or raise the waves.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Triton is of Greek origin, derived from the Greek word 'τρίτος' (tritos), meaning 'third', possibly referring to his position as the third generation of sea deities (after Oceanus and Poseidon).

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NO-meh-non

Translations: being, becoming, happening, occurring, a thing happening, a thing occurring

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' It describes something that is currently in the process of happening or coming into existence. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which is happening' or 'the event itself.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΟΝ

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-ee

Translations: it was necessary, it had to be, it behooved, one had to

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it was necessary' or 'it had to be'. It describes something that was obligatory, proper, or destined to happen. It is often used to express a divine or moral necessity, or what was fitting or appropriate in a given situation. It typically takes an infinitive or a clause as its subject.

Inflection: Impersonal, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Etymology: The word ΔΕΙ (dei) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₁- meaning 'to put, to place'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'it is necessary' or 'it is binding'.

G5111

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: toh-par-KHEE-ohn

Translations: of toparchies, of districts, of regions

Notes: This word refers to a toparchy, which is an administrative district or region, often governed by a toparch. It is a compound word derived from 'τόπος' (topos), meaning 'place' or 'region', and 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'rule' or 'dominion'. It is used to denote the geographical areas under a specific local authority.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ

Etymology: The word τοπαρχία (toparchia) is derived from the Greek words τόπος (topos), meaning 'place' or 'region', and ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'rule', 'dominion', or 'beginning'. It refers to a district or region under the rule of a toparch.

G4350

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-kee-MEH-non

Translations: those who are near, those who are attached, those who are devoted, those who are joined, those who are lying near, those who are added, those who are present, those who are related

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'those who are lying near,' 'those who are attached,' or 'those who are devoted.' It describes individuals who are closely associated with, added to, or belonging to a particular group or place. In the provided context, it refers to those who are 'among you' or 'with you,' often implying a status of being resident aliens or proselytes who have joined the community of Israel.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΚΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΗΛΥΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-ee-ahs

Translations: of Samaria

Notes: This word refers to Samaria, a historical and biblical region in the ancient Near East, located in the central part of the Land of Israel. It was the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel. In the New Testament, it is often mentioned in the context of Jesus' interactions with Samaritans. It is used to indicate possession or origin, as in 'the mountain of Samaria' or 'the region of Samaria'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew word 'Shomron' (שֹׁמְרוֹן), which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It was named after Shemer, who sold the hill to Omri, King of Israel, who then built the city of Samaria on it.

G3906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHO-roh

Translations: to give way, to yield, to concede, to withdraw, to permit, to allow, to grant

Notes: This verb means to give way, yield, or concede, often implying a movement or a relinquishing of something. It can also mean to withdraw or depart from a place, or to permit or allow something to happen. It is used to describe someone stepping aside or granting permission.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΚΩ, ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραχωρέω (parachōréō), from παρά (pará, “beside, by”) + χωρέω (chōréō, “to go, to make room”).

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tah

Translations: all, every, the whole, all things, everything

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It can refer to a complete group or quantity. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'all people' or 'all time'. When used in the neuter plural, it can be translated as 'all things' or 'everything'.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound word formed from the prefix Α- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'completely', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G0794

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-SOO-lon

Translations: safe, secure, inviolable, sacred, unmolested

Notes: This word describes something that is safe from violence, plunder, or harm. It can refer to a place that offers refuge, a person who is protected, or a thing that is considered sacred and not to be violated. It implies a state of security and immunity from attack or desecration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΣΦΑΛΗΣ, ἈΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'σύλη' (sylē, meaning 'right of seizure' or 'plunder'). Thus, it literally means 'not subject to seizure' or 'not to be plundered'.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BOO-loh-my

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to intend, to purpose

Notes: This verb expresses a deliberate and considered wish or intention, often implying a choice or purpose. It is used to indicate what someone wants to do or what they intend to happen. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'I wish to go' or 'He intends to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: From the root *βουλ- (boul-), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'. It is related to the noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1182

Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral

Sounds like: DEK-ah-tays

Translations: tenth, of the tenth

Notes: This word is an ordinal number meaning 'tenth'. It is used to indicate position in a sequence, similar to how 'first', 'second', or 'third' are used in English. For example, it could refer to the tenth day, the tenth hour, or the tenth generation.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word δέκατος (dekatos) comes from δέκα (deka), meaning 'ten'. It is formed by adding the suffix -τος (-tos) to the cardinal number, which is a common way to form ordinal numbers in Greek.

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kran

Translations: highest, outermost, extreme, top, peak, summit, edge, a peak, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, tip, or extreme edge. It can refer to the highest point of a mountain, the tip of a finger, or the outermost part of something. It is used to denote the extremity or culmination of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ἈΚΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ak- ('sharp, pointed'). It refers to the sharp or pointed end of something, hence the meaning of 'highest' or 'extreme'.

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-poh

Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit, to give leave

Notes: This verb means to permit, allow, or give leave for something to happen. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or permission is given for an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτρέπω (epitrépō), from ἐπί (epí, “upon, to”) + τρέπω (trépō, “to turn”).

G1382

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doh-kee-MAH-see

Translations: testing, a testing, proving, a proving, approval, an approval, trial, a trial, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to the act of testing or proving something, often with the aim of discerning its genuineness, quality, or worth. It can also denote the result of such a test, leading to approval or a state of being approved. It is used to describe a process of examination or a period of trial.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑ, ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΙΑ (dokimasia) is derived from the verb δοκιμάζω (dokimazo), meaning 'to test, prove, or approve'. It is related to δόκιμος (dokimos), meaning 'approved, tested, or genuine'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-ROOS

Translations: guards, the guards

Notes: This word refers to guards, sentinels, or watchmen. It is used to describe individuals who are stationed to protect or keep watch over a place, person, or thing. It can be used in contexts of military protection, security, or even spiritual safeguarding.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ, ΤΗΡΗΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ (phrouros) comes from the verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureo), meaning 'to guard' or 'to watch over'. It is related to ΠΡΟ (pro, 'before') and ΟΡΑΩ (horaō, 'to see'), suggesting 'one who sees before' or 'one who watches in front'.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-sai

Translations: to appoint, to establish, to set up, to make, to constitute, to place, to ordain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb καθίστημι. It means to set something or someone in a particular place or position, often with authority or purpose. It can be used to describe appointing someone to an office or position, establishing a rule or order, or simply placing something somewhere.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to set down' or 'to establish'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G0001

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-TIS-then-tas

Translations: those who were taken captive, those who were made captive, those who were led away captive

Notes: This word is a past passive participle, meaning 'those who have been taken captive' or 'those who were made captive'. It describes individuals who have been captured, often in war, and led away as prisoners. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to the people themselves.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΤΕΥΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1398

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-LEH-oo-on-tas

Translations: serving, being a slave, obeying, submitting, working for, rendering service

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'serving' or 'being a slave'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in service, often in the sense of being a bondservant or slave, but can also refer to general service or obedience. It implies a state of subjection or devotion to a master, a cause, or a duty. It can be used to describe someone who is working for or submitting to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ

G2251

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-rah

Translations: our, ours

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by the first person plural (we). It functions similarly to the English word 'our', modifying a noun to show that something belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'our land'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ (hēmeteros) is derived from the first person plural pronoun ΗΜΕΙΣ (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from this pronoun.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-LEH-oh

Translations: command, order, bid, tell, urge, advise

Notes: This verb means to command, order, or bid someone to do something. It implies giving an instruction or directive, often with authority. It can be used in various contexts, such as a ruler commanding subjects, a teacher instructing students, or generally urging someone to take action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelh₁- meaning 'to call, shout'. It is related to words signifying a call or command.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G0029

Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb

Sounds like: ang-gar-YEV-es-thai

Translations: to compel, to force into service, to press into service, to requisition

Notes: This word describes the act of compelling someone to perform a service, often under duress or by authority, such as pressing a person or animal into public service. It implies a forced or involuntary action, rather than a voluntary one. It is often used in contexts where someone is made to carry a burden or perform a task for a ruler or official.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Persian 'angaros', referring to a mounted courier who had the authority to compel people to provide transport or other services. It entered Greek through the Persian postal system.

G5266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-zy-GHEE-ah

Translations: beasts of burden, pack animals, draft animals

Notes: This word refers to any animal used for carrying loads or for pulling carts or plows, such as donkeys, mules, or horses. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under,' and 'ζυγόν' (zygon), meaning 'yoke.' Thus, it literally means 'under the yoke' or 'yoked animal,' referring to an animal that is harnessed for work.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΣ, ΗΜΙΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under,' and the noun ζυγόν (zygon), meaning 'yoke.' It refers to an animal that is placed under a yoke for work.

G4521

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sah-BBAH-tah

Translations: Sabbaths, a Sabbath, the Sabbath, week

Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, the seventh day of the week, observed by Jews as a day of rest and worship. In the plural form, it can refer to multiple Sabbaths or, by extension, to a 'week' as the period between Sabbaths. It is often used in contexts relating to religious observances or the passage of time.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'Σάββατον' (Sabbaton) is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'שַׁבָּת' (Shabbat), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint, the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

G0888

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-TEH-leess

Translations: unburdened, exempt, free from tax, unfinished, imperfect

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'free from tax or duty,' 'exempt,' 'unburdened,' or 'unfinished' and 'imperfect.' It describes something or someone that is not subject to a burden, obligation, or completion. For example, it could refer to people who are exempt from taxes or a task that is incomplete.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΣ, ἈΝΕΞΕΡΓΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΤΕΛΗΣ is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without,' and τέλος (telos) meaning 'end,' 'completion,' 'tax,' or 'duty.' Thus, it literally means 'without end' or 'without tax/duty,' leading to its various meanings of incomplete or exempt.

G0424

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-neh-pee-reh-AS-tooss

Translations: unmolested, unhindered, undisturbed, uninjured, free from harm

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is not harmed, harassed, or interfered with. It implies a state of being free from external pressure, injury, or disturbance. It is often used to emphasize protection or security, indicating that a person or group is allowed to live or act without being troubled.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ, ἈΒΛΑΒΗΣ, ἈΝΕΝΟΧΛΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀνεπηρέαστος (anepēreastos) is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-, 'not'), and ἐπηρεάζω (epēreazō, 'to treat despitefully, to insult, to threaten'). Thus, it means 'not treated despitefully' or 'unmolested'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noys

Translations: to those wishing, to those desiring, to those intending, for those wishing, for those desiring, for those intending

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the act of wishing or desiring. In this form, it refers to 'those who are wishing' or 'those who are desiring', often implying a purpose or intention. It is used to indicate the recipients or beneficiaries of an action, or the group to whom something applies, because they possess the characteristic of wishing or desiring.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From the root *bol-, meaning 'to throw, to cast', related to the idea of 'casting one's mind' or 'deliberating'. It is connected to the concept of deliberate intention or purpose.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEKH-rees

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, even to

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that serves as a limit or boundary. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' a certain point or place. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while' a certain event occurs. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It often takes the genitive case when used as a preposition, but can also be followed by a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'μέχρι' (mechri), which also means 'until' or 'up to'. The '-ς' ending is an adverbial suffix.

G1832

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ES-toh

Translations: let it be lawful, let it be permitted, it is lawful, it is permitted

Notes: This is the third person singular present active imperative form of the impersonal verb ἔξεστι (exesti). It means 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. As an imperative, it expresses a command or a wish that something be lawful or permitted, often translated as 'let it be lawful' or 'let it be permitted'. It is used to indicate what is permissible or allowable.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΝ, ΘΕΜΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔξεστι (exesti), a compound of ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ἔστι (esti, 'it is'). It literally means 'it is out' or 'it is possible/permissible'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-poy

Translations: (to) whatever, (to) whichever, (to) what kind of, (to) such as

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the relative adjective/pronoun 'ΟΠΟΙΟΣ' (hopoios), meaning 'of what kind' or 'such as'. As a dative plural, it indicates 'to/for whatever (persons or things)' or 'to/for whichever (persons or things)'. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies the nature or kind of something previously mentioned, or to refer to an indefinite group.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TEF-xon-tai

Translations: they will obtain, they will happen upon, they will meet with, they will attain, they will get

Notes: This word is the future tense, middle or passive voice, third person plural form of the verb 'τυγχάνω' (tynchanō). It means 'they will obtain' or 'they will happen upon' something. It describes an action that will occur in the future, where the subjects are either acting for themselves (middle voice) or are the recipients of the action (passive voice). It is often used to express the idea of meeting with, obtaining, or experiencing something.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΗΨΟΝΤΑΙ, ΕΥΡΗΣΟΥΣΙΝ, ΚΤΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEV-mah

Translations: army, a body of troops, a troop, a soldier

Notes: This word refers to an army, a body of soldiers, or a military force. It can also refer to an individual soldier within such a force. It is used to describe a group of armed men organized for warfare or military service.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ is derived from the verb στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to serve as a soldier', which in turn comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army'.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-soh

Translations: I will appoint, I will establish, I will restore, I will set over, I will make

Notes: This word is a future tense verb meaning 'I will appoint,' 'I will establish,' 'I will restore,' or 'I will set over.' It is used to describe the act of placing someone in a position of authority, establishing something firmly, or bringing something back to its original state. It can also simply mean 'to make' or 'to render' in certain contexts.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΗΣΩ, ΤΑΞΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΤΑΣΤΗΣΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-REE-ah

Translations: fortresses, garrisons, guard posts

Notes: This word refers to fortified places, such as a fortress, a castle, or a military post. It can also denote a garrison or a body of troops stationed in such a place. It is used to describe strongholds or secure locations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑΤΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΙ, ΤΕΙΧΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'. It is related to φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watchman'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.

G3966

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-TROH-oys

Translations: (to) ancestral, (to) hereditary, (to) paternal, (to) of one's fathers

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'of one's fathers,' 'ancestral,' or 'hereditary.' It describes something that belongs to or is derived from one's ancestors or father. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a connection to tradition, lineage, or inherited customs, laws, or possessions.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΩΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father.' It refers to that which pertains to or is inherited from a father or ancestors.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAT-tayn

Translations: to guard, to keep, to observe, to protect, to preserve, to watch over

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to guard, keep, or protect. It can be used in various contexts, such as guarding a place, keeping a command or law, observing a custom, or protecting someone from harm. It implies a sense of careful oversight and preservation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ comes from the Greek word φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.

G4351

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pros-KEE-meh-noys

Translations: those attached, those joined, those devoted, those belonging, those adhering, those lying near, those lying by

Notes: This word describes individuals who are attached, joined, or devoted to something or someone. It implies a close association or adherence. In the provided examples, it refers to proselytes or foreigners who have joined or are attached to the sons of Israel or to the Lord.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΜΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΩΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word προσκείμαι (proskeimai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb κεῖμαι (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'. Thus, it literally means 'to lie towards' or 'to be laid near', evolving to mean 'to be attached to' or 'to belong to'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-TAS-ses-thai

Translations: to subject oneself, to be subject, to submit, to obey

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (under) and 'τάσσω' (to arrange, to order). It means to place oneself under the authority or control of another, to submit, or to obey. It is often used in contexts of social or spiritual hierarchy, indicating a voluntary or involuntary act of submission. It can be used reflexively (to subject oneself) or passively (to be subjected).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

G2010

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-me-LES

Translations: careful, diligent, assiduous, a careful, a diligent, an assiduous

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being careful, diligent, or assiduous. It implies a thorough and painstaking attention to detail or duty. It can be used to describe a person who is meticulous in their work or an action that is performed with great care.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΚΤΙΚΟΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΗΣ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΣΤΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἐπιμελής (epimelēs) comes from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and μέλει (melei), meaning 'it is a care' or 'it concerns'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is a care upon one' or 'that which concerns one greatly', leading to the sense of carefulness or diligence.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G2453

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-yoss

Translations: Jewish, a Jew, a Judean, a Judean man

Notes: This word refers to someone who is Jewish, either by ethnicity or religion, or a resident of Judea. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'Jewish' or as a noun to refer to 'a Jew' or 'a Judean'. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes between those who follow Jewish law and customs and those who do not.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It came to denote a member of the Jewish people.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lo

Translations: other, another, different, an other, another thing

Notes: This word refers to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or is currently under consideration. It can be used to describe a different person, thing, or concept. It often functions as an adjective modifying a noun, but can also stand alone as a pronoun meaning 'another one' or 'another thing'. When used adverbially, it can mean 'otherwise' or 'in another way'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ, ἈΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΛΛΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khee

Translations: may have, might have, should have, may hold, might hold, should hold, may possess, might possess, should possess

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have,' 'to hold,' or 'to possess.' It is commonly used to express possession, a state of being, or to indicate a condition. As a subjunctive form, it often appears in clauses expressing possibility, desire, or purpose, frequently translated with 'may,' 'might,' or 'should.'

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-koo-NEH-in

Translations: to worship, to prostrate oneself, to bow down, to do obeisance

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to worship, to prostrate oneself, or to bow down in reverence or submission. It is often used in the context of religious worship towards God or a deity, but can also refer to showing respect or homage to a king or a person of authority. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards', and κυνέω (kyneo), meaning 'to kiss' or 'to fawn'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DIH-doh-mee

Translations: give, grant, put, deliver, allow, entrust, offer, provide

Notes: This verb means 'to give' or 'to grant'. It can be used in various contexts, such as giving a gift, granting permission, delivering something, or entrusting a task to someone. It often implies a transfer of possession, authority, or responsibility.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present form, common in ancient Greek verbs.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G4052

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-ris-SEV-on-tah

Translations: abounding, excelling, remaining, superfluous, what is left over, that which is left over

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'abounding,' 'excelling,' or 'remaining.' It describes something that is in excess, more than enough, or what is left over. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'that which is left over' or 'the surplus.' In the provided context, 'τα περισσεύοντα' (the things remaining) refers to the surplus of money.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΑ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΑ

Etymology: The word περισσεύω (perisseuō) comes from the adjective περισσός (perissos), meaning 'exceeding,' 'superfluous,' or 'more than sufficient.'

G3461

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: moo-ree-AS

Translations: myriad, a myriad, ten thousand, ten thousands, countless numbers

Notes: This word refers to a very large, indefinite number, often specifically ten thousand. It can be used to describe a vast quantity of something, such as people, animals, or things. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΙΛΙΑΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΥΡΙΑΣ (myrias) comes from the Greek word μύριος (myrios), meaning 'countless' or 'ten thousand'. It is related to the concept of an innumerable quantity.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAM-bah-non

Translations: they were taking, they used to take, they were receiving, they used to receive, they took, they received

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, repeated, or customary action in the past. So, 'ἘΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝ' means 'they were taking' or 'they used to take', indicating an action that was happening continuously or habitually in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EE-kane

Translations: it is fitting, it is proper, it is appropriate, it belongs to, it concerns, it is due

Notes: This verb is typically used impersonally, meaning 'it is fitting' or 'it is proper'. It often takes a dative case to indicate to whom something is fitting or an infinitive to indicate what is fitting. It can also mean 'to belong to' or 'to concern' someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and ἥκω (hēkō, 'to have come, to be present'). The combination implies 'to have come to belong to' or 'to be present as fitting'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW-tas

Translations: them, themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G5537

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: khray-mah-TEE-zon-tah

Translations: who speaks, who warns, who gives a divine message, who is called, who does business, who deals with money

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'chrēmatizō'. It generally refers to someone who speaks, gives a divine message or warning, or is called by a particular name. It can also relate to conducting business or financial transactions. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a divine communication or a formal designation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΑ, ΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΟΝΤΑ

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oh-FEY-lon-tes

Translations: owing, being indebted, being obligated, being bound, being due, being under obligation, ought, must, should

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ὀφείλω' (opheilō), meaning 'to owe' or 'to be indebted'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is currently in a state of owing, being obligated, or being bound to do something. It can also convey the sense of 'ought' or 'should', indicating a moral or logical necessity.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΝ, ΧΡΕΩΝ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-le-LYS-thoh-sahn

Translations: let them be released, let them be set free, let them be dismissed, let them be sent away, let them be divorced

Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action of releasing, setting free, dismissing, or sending away. It is in the perfect tense, implying a completed action with ongoing results, and in the passive voice, meaning the subjects are receiving the action. As an imperative, it expresses a command or instruction for a group of people to be released or dismissed.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Perfect, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tah

Translations: possessions, goods, property, a possession, existing things, things that exist

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'υπάρχω' (hyparchō), meaning 'to exist' or 'to be'. When used as a noun, it refers to one's existing things, possessions, or property. It describes what someone has or owns, often in a material sense. It can also refer to things that are currently in existence or are present.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ

G4994

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SOH-ah

Translations: safe, sound, whole, unharmed, preserved

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being safe, sound, or whole, implying a state of preservation from harm or danger. It is often used to indicate that something has been kept intact or delivered from peril. It can be used predicatively, meaning it describes the state of the subject or object.

Inflection: Neuter Plural, Nominative or Accusative; or Feminine Singular, Nominative; or Feminine Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΓΙΗΣ, ΑΚΕΡΑΙΟΣ, ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word σῶς (sōs) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to concepts of health and wholeness.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NO-meh-nees

Translations: of becoming, of being, of happening, of coming to pass, of being made, of being born

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into existence.' As a genitive participle, it often functions in a genitive absolute construction, indicating a circumstance or time when something else occurs, similar to 'when it was happening' or 'while it was being done.' It can also simply indicate possession or relationship in a genitive sense.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Middle/Passive, Present

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-khoh-ROH

Translations: allow, permit, grant, concede, forgive

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to allow, permit, or grant something. It can also mean to concede or forgive. It is often used in contexts where someone is giving permission or making a concession.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek συν- (syn-, 'with, together') and χωρέω (chōreō, 'to make room, to go, to advance'). The combination implies making room together or giving way, leading to the meaning of allowing or conceding.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEH-sthai

Translations: to be built, to be constructed, to be edified, to be established

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to build' or 'to construct', but in this form, it is in the passive voice, meaning 'to be built' or 'to be constructed'. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to edify' or 'to establish', referring to the building up of a person or community. As an infinitive, it functions like a noun, often translated with 'to' before the verb.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoop-see-LOOS

Translations: high, lofty, exalted, proud, a high one, a lofty one

Notes: This word describes something that is high, lofty, or elevated, either physically (like a high place or building) or metaphorically (like a proud or exalted person). It can refer to physical height, but also to a position of prominence, or a state of being proud or arrogant. In the provided examples, it refers to 'high eyes' (lofty/proud gaze) and 'high houses' (elevated structures).

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΕΞΟΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΨΗΛΟΣ (hypsēlos) comes from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAY-reen

Translations: to raise, to awaken, to stir up, to erect, to build

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'. It can be used in various contexts, such as raising a person from sleep or death, raising a structure like a wall or mound, or stirring up emotions or actions. It implies bringing something from a lower or inactive state to a higher or active one.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΝ, ΑΝΟΡΘΟΥΝ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΕΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ger- ('to awaken, to rouse').

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NI-stahn

Translations: they were raising up, they were standing up, they were arising, they were causing to rise, they were restoring, raise up!, stand up!, arise!, cause to rise!, restore!

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to raise up,' 'to stand up,' or 'to arise.' It can also mean 'to cause to rise' or 'to restore.' In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or as an imperative, giving a command. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand').

Inflection: Imperfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural OR Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ἘΓΕΙΡΩ, ὈΡΘΟΩ, ἈΝΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-REE-on

Translations: fortress, a fortress, stronghold, a stronghold, garrison, a garrison

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, stronghold, or a place where a military garrison is stationed. It is used to describe a secure and defensible structure, often built for protection or as a military base.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard, to watch over', which itself comes from φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard'. Thus, it denotes a place that is guarded or watched over.

G4851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-FEH-reh

Translations: it is profitable, it is expedient, it is advantageous, it is useful

Notes: This word means to be profitable, advantageous, or expedient. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it is profitable' or 'it is expedient' for someone or something. It can also mean to bring together or contribute.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΕΩ, ΛΥΣΙΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΕΡΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. Thus, it literally means 'to bear together' or 'to bring together', which then developed the sense of 'to be profitable' or 'to be advantageous'.

G3735

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: okh-y-RON

Translations: strong, fortified, secure, a strong place, a fortress

Notes: This word describes something that is strong, firm, or fortified. It can refer to a physical structure like a wall or a place that is difficult to attack, or it can be used metaphorically to describe something that is secure or unyielding. In its neuter singular form, as seen here, it often functions as a noun meaning 'a strong place' or 'a fortress'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΧΥΡΟΣ (ochyros) is derived from the verb ὀχυρόω (ochyroo), meaning 'to make strong, to fortify'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2680

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-vah-STHEE-toh

Translations: let it be prepared, let it be built, let it be made ready, let it be constructed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and σκευάζω (skeuazo, 'to prepare, equip'). It means to prepare, build, construct, or make ready. In this form, it is a command or instruction for something to be prepared or built.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word κατασκευάζω (kataskeuazo) is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to,' and the verb σκευάζω (skeuazo), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to equip.' The combination implies a thorough or complete preparation or construction.

G5483

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kha-ri-ZOH-meh-nos

Translations: granting, giving freely, showing favor, forgiving, bestowing, pardoning

Notes: This word is a present participle, active voice, middle/passive form, derived from the verb 'χαρίζω'. It describes the action of granting something as a favor, giving freely, showing kindness or favor, or forgiving. It implies an act of grace or benevolence. It can be used to describe someone who is in the act of granting or forgiving.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Middle/Passive, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From 'χάρις' (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. The verb 'χαρίζω' means 'to show favor' or 'to do something agreeable'.

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-ah-gah-GOHN

Translations: having gathered, having brought together, having assembled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'to gather' or 'to bring together'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that the subject 'having gathered' or 'having assembled' something or someone, then proceeded to do something else. It implies a completed action that precedes the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΙΡΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mis-tho-pho-RON

Translations: of mercenaries, of hired soldiers, of hired servants

Notes: This word refers to individuals who are paid to serve, typically in a military capacity as soldiers, but can also refer to other types of hired laborers or servants. It is a compound word derived from 'μισθός' (misthos), meaning 'wages' or 'pay', and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry', implying someone who 'carries' or 'receives' wages.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΩΝ, ΞΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΘΟΦΟΡΟΣ is a compound of μισθός (misthos), meaning 'wages' or 'pay', and the root of φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It describes someone who 'bears' or 'receives' wages.

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khees

Translations: of battle, of fight, of combat, of a battle, of a fight, of a combat

Notes: This word refers to a battle, fight, or combat. It is used to describe a physical conflict or struggle between individuals or groups. As a noun, it can function as the subject or object of a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥ, ΑΓΩΝΟΣ, ΕΡΙΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ (machē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It is related to words signifying struggle or combat.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G2176

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: eh-OO-oh-noo-mon

Translations: left, on the left, left-hand, ill-omened, ominous, unlucky, a left-hand (side/wing), an ill-omened (thing)

Notes: This word describes something as being on the left side. It can also be used as a noun to refer to the left side or the left wing of an army. In ancient Greek thought, the left side was often associated with bad omens or ill luck, so the word can also carry the meaning of 'ill-omened' or 'unlucky'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΡΙΣΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word Εὐώνυμος (euōnymos) is a compound word formed from εὖ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ὄνομα (onoma), meaning 'name'. Literally, it means 'well-named' or 'of good name'. This seemingly positive etymology is a euphemism, used to avoid directly naming the 'left' side, which was often associated with bad omens. Thus, it refers to the left by calling it 'the well-named' or 'the auspicious' side, hoping to avert ill fortune.

G2768

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KEH-ras

Translations: horn, a horn, power, strength, dignity, wing, peak

Notes: This word primarily refers to the horn of an animal. Metaphorically, it can signify strength, power, or dignity, as horns were symbols of might and authority. It can also refer to a projecting point, a peak, or even a wing of an army or a musical instrument made from a horn.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a presumed Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'horn'. It is related to Latin 'cornu' and English 'horn'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TREH-peh-tai

Translations: he turns, she turns, it turns, he changes, she changes, it changes, he is turned, she is turned, it is turned, he is changed, she is changed, it is changed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to turn, to change, or to be turned/changed. It is used in the middle or passive voice, indicating that the subject is either performing the action on itself or is having the action performed upon it. For example, it can describe someone turning around or a situation being altered.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ

G5343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-GAYN

Translations: flight, a flight, escape, a fleeing

Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing or escaping, often from danger or pursuit. It can describe a rapid departure or a strategic withdrawal. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the action of someone or a group of people running away.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΓΗ (phygē) comes from the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bheug- meaning 'to flee'.

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, unto, even to

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' and is typically followed by the genitive case. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while', introducing a clause that specifies a time limit. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It denotes a point or period that something reaches or continues.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G4754

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TOH-peh-don

Translations: camp, an army, an encampment

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'στρατός' (army) and 'πέδον' (ground or plain). It refers to a military camp or an army itself, especially when arrayed for battle or encamped. It is used to describe the physical location where soldiers reside or the collective body of soldiers.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'στρατός' (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army', and 'πέδον' (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'plain'. It literally means 'army ground' or 'army plain'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BAH-ee-nen

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it resulted, it turned out, it befell

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (to go). It means 'to go together with' or 'to come together', and by extension, 'to happen', 'to occur', or 'to turn out'. It describes an event or outcome that takes place, often implying a natural or logical consequence. It is frequently used impersonally, as in 'it happened that...' or 'it came to pass that...'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Its meaning evolved from 'to go together' to 'to come to pass' or 'to happen'.

G2274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: het-TAH-tai

Translations: is defeated, is overcome, is inferior, is vanquished

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, passive form of the verb 'ηττάω' (hettao). It means 'he/she/it is defeated' or 'he/she/it is overcome'. It describes a state of being conquered or proven inferior in a contest, battle, or argument. For example, one might say 'the army is defeated' or 'he is overcome by his emotions'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΤΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΕΤΑΙ, ΥΠΟΤΑΤΤΕΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones

Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1377

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-OH-kohn

Translations: pursuing, persecuting, chasing, following, striving after, one who pursues, he who pursues

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'διώκω'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can mean to pursue, chase, or follow, often with the intent to catch or overtake. It can also mean to persecute or harass, or to strive after something, like a goal or ideal. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is performing the action of pursuing or persecuting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

G5018

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEL-ma

Translations: swamp, marsh, bog, a swamp, a marsh, a bog

Notes: This word refers to a swamp, marsh, or bog, a low-lying area of wet, soft ground. It is typically used to describe a muddy or stagnant body of water, often associated with unpleasant or difficult conditions.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΛΟΣ, ΒΟΡΒΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'telma' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'telos' (end) in the sense of a 'dead end' or 'stagnant' place, or from a root meaning 'to be wet'.

G0901

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: BA-thoo

Translations: deep, a deep, profound, profoundly

Notes: This word means 'deep' or 'profound'. It can refer to physical depth, such as deep water or a deep pit, or to abstract depth, like deep wisdom or profound understanding. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'deeply' or 'profoundly'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΒΑΘΟΣ, ΒΑΘΥΝΩ

Etymology: From the same root as βένθος (benthos), meaning 'depth'. It is related to the idea of going down or being low.

G1422

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doos-ek-por-YOO-ton

Translations: hard to get out, difficult to depart from, hard to pass through, hard to be uttered

Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from the prefix δυσ- (dys-, meaning 'hard, difficult'), the preposition ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of, from'), and the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai, meaning 'to go, to travel'). It describes something that is difficult to exit, pass through, or be uttered. It is used to describe situations or things that present significant obstacles to movement or expression.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: peh-SON-tos

Translations: having fallen, of one who has fallen, of having fallen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. As a genitive singular participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having fallen' or 'of one who has fallen'. It functions adjectivally or substantively, indicating the possessor or source of something related to the act of falling.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΠΤΩΣΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-non

Translations: being able, able, capable, powerful

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is currently able or capable of doing something. It can be used to describe a person or thing that possesses power or ability.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΝ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΝ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'δύναμαι' (dynamai) comes from the Greek root 'δύνα-' (dyna-), which relates to power, strength, and ability. It is connected to words like 'δύναμις' (dynamis, power) and 'δυνατός' (dynatos, powerful).

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-re-THEH-nah-ee

Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'anaireō'. It generally means 'to take up' or 'to take away'. In many contexts, especially when referring to people, it takes on the meaning of 'to destroy' or 'to kill', often implying execution or putting someone to death. It can be used to describe the act of ending a life or removing something completely.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again, back') + αἱρέω (hairéō, 'to take, seize'). The combination implies taking something up or away.

G0390

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-STREH-psahn

Translations: they returned, they turned back, they turned around, they overturned, they overthrew

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναστρέφω. It describes an action that happened in the past and was completed. It can mean to return or turn back, often in the sense of going back to a place or state. It can also mean to overturn or overthrow, implying a disruption or reversal of something.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ὙΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G2944

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ky-KLO-sah-me-noy

Translations: surrounding, having surrounded, encircling, having encircled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to surround' or 'to encircle'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of the main verb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of surrounding or encircling.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΕΥΩ

G4095

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PEH-zoss

Translations: on foot, a foot soldier, infantry, pedestrian

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is on foot, as opposed to being mounted or in a vehicle. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'on foot' or 'walking', or as a noun, referring to a 'foot soldier' or 'pedestrian'. For example, one might say 'he went on foot' (using it adjectivally) or 'the foot soldiers advanced' (using it as a noun).

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΖΙΚΟΣ, ΠΕΖΗ

Etymology: From an assumed root *πεζ- meaning 'on foot', related to πούς (pous), meaning 'foot'.

G0666

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-MAH-kheh-toh

Translations: fought back, resisted, defended oneself, contended against

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle voice, third person singular form of the verb ἀπομάχομαι (apomachomai). It is a compound verb formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and μάχομαι (machomai), meaning 'to fight'. Therefore, it literally means 'to fight away from' or 'to fight back'. It describes an action of resisting or defending oneself, often implying a continuous or repeated struggle in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΤΙΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΜΥΝΩ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G3371

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-ket

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, never again

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'μή' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It indicates the cessation of a state or action. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He will no longer go there.' The form 'ΜΗΚΕΤ' is an elided form of 'ΜΗΚΕΤΙ', where the final 'ι' is dropped before a vowel at the beginning of the next word.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥΚΕΤ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still).

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TEH-khein

Translations: to hold fast, to hold out, to cling to, to be loyal to, to resist, to endure, to persevere, to stand firm

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἀντέχω (antéchō). It means 'to hold fast to' or 'to cling to' something, often implying loyalty, steadfastness, or resistance. It can also mean 'to endure' or 'to persevere' in a difficult situation, or 'to stand firm' against opposition. It is often used with the dative case to indicate what one is holding fast to or resisting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G2602

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-PEH-sen

Translations: fell down, collapsed, fell

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb καταπίπτω (katapiptō), meaning 'to fall down' or 'to collapse'. It is a compound verb formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down', and πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes an action of falling from an upright position to the ground, often implying a sudden or complete collapse.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The verb καταπίπτω (katapiptō) is a compound word derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. The combination emphasizes the downward direction of the falling action.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-ton

Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-ben

Translations: he seized, he overtook, he apprehended, he understood, he attained, she seized, she overtook, she apprehended, she understood, she attained, it seized, it overtook, it apprehended, it understood, it attained

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'καταλαμβάνω' (katalambanō). It is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The verb can mean to seize, lay hold of, overtake, apprehend, or understand. Its meaning often depends on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension or attainment.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'καταλαμβάνω' is a compound verb derived from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The prefix 'κατά' intensifies or directs the action of 'λαμβάνω'.

G0936