2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G2615

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-doo-loh-SAH-meh-nohn

Translations: having enslaved, having brought into bondage, having subjected

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'δουλόω' (douloō), meaning 'to enslave' or 'to make a slave'. Together, it means to completely enslave, bring into complete bondage, or utterly subject someone. It describes an action of subjugation that has already occurred, indicating a completed past action with ongoing relevance.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ, ΑΙΧΜΑΛΩΤΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ek-TEH-sa-to

Translations: recovered, regained, acquired back, bought back, redeemed

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist middle indicative form, meaning 'recovered' or 'regained'. It describes an action completed in the past where the subject recovered or acquired something for themselves. It is often used in contexts of regaining freedom, property, or a position that was lost.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀνακτάομαι (anaktaomai) is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up, back, again', and the verb κτάομαι (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire, to get, to possess'. Thus, it literally means 'to acquire back' or 'to regain'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-sohn

Translations: (of) how many, (of) as many as, (of) all that, (of) whatsoever

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective/pronoun ὅσος (hosos), meaning 'how much, how great, as much as, as many as'. It is used to refer to a quantity or extent, often in a relative sense, indicating 'all that' or 'as many as' in a given context. As a genitive plural, it typically functions to show possession, origin, or a part of a larger group, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: PAS, HOLOS

G0073

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-NOHN

Translations: of contests, of struggles, of races, of assemblies, of games, of conflicts

Notes: This word refers to a gathering, assembly, or a place of contest, such as an athletic arena. It can also denote the contest or struggle itself, a race, or a conflict. In a broader sense, it can refer to any kind of struggle, effort, or trial.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΘΛΩΝ, ΕΡΙΔΩΝ, ΜΑΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΓΩΝ (agōn) comes from the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, to bring, to drive'. It originally referred to a gathering or assembly, and then evolved to mean a contest or struggle that takes place at such a gathering.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TAY-goss

Translations: commander, general, governor, a commander, a general, a governor

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, a general, or a governor. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead), literally meaning 'leader of an army'. It can be used to describe someone in charge of military forces or a civil administrator with significant authority, often in a military context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΟΥΞ

Etymology: From 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). It refers to one who leads an army or a military force.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2448

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAHS

Translations: Judas, Judah

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person or a geographical region. In the New Testament, it most commonly refers to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus, or to Judas, the brother of Jesus. It can also refer to the tribe of Judah or the kingdom of Judah in the Old Testament context. It is used as a subject or object in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehudah), meaning 'praised'. It refers to the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, and subsequently to the tribe and kingdom descended from him.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-dee-LOH-kah-men

Translations: we have shown, we have declared, we have made clear, we have made known

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to show', 'to declare', 'to make clear', or 'to make known'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is used to state that a group of people (we) have already revealed or explained something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word δηλόω (dēloō) comes from the adjective δῆλος (dēlos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G3845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-be-bee-KO-tohn

Translations: (of) those who have transgressed, (of) those who have gone astray, (of) those who have violated, (of) those who have overstepped

Notes: This word is the genitive plural, perfect active participle of the verb 'parabainō'. It refers to those who have committed a transgression, gone astray, or violated a command or law. It describes a state of having overstepped boundaries or deviated from what is right. In a sentence, it would function as a possessive or descriptive phrase, indicating 'of those who have transgressed'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΩΝ, ΑΜΑΡΤΩΛΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΝΟΜΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'parabainō' is a compound word formed from 'para' (παρά), meaning 'beside' or 'beyond', and 'bainō' (βαίνω), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to step beyond' or 'to go beside', leading to the sense of transgressing or violating.

G3961

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-tree-on

Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, customary

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations. It can be used to describe anything that is characteristic of one's heritage or lineage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the suffix -ιον, indicating belonging or relation.

G4174

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-li-TEI-an

Translations: citizenship, a citizenship, commonwealth, a commonwealth, conduct, a conduct, way of life, a way of life

Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state or commonwealth, or one's manner of life and conduct. It can describe the political system of a community or an individual's behavior within that community. In the provided form, it is the accusative singular, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΜΑ, ΒΙΟΣ, ΑΓΩΓΗ

G3839

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-takh-O-then

Translations: from all sides, from every direction, on every side, everywhere

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from all directions' or 'on every side'. It is used to indicate that something originates from, or is present in, every possible direction or location. It conveys a sense of comprehensiveness or universality regarding origin or presence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑΧΟΥ, ΠΑΝΤΗ

Etymology: This word is formed from the root 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', combined with a suffix indicating 'from a place'. It denotes 'from all places' or 'from every direction'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ak-MAH-zon

Translations: flourishing, at its prime, in full bloom, at the peak, a flourishing thing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to be at the prime' or 'to flourish'. It describes something that is at its peak, in full vigor, or in a state of flourishing. It can be used to describe a person, a period of time, or an activity that is at its most intense or successful point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΑΛΛΟΝ, ΕΥΘΗΝΟΥΝ, ΕΥΔΟΚΙΜΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΚΜΑΖΩ comes from the Greek noun ἀκμή (akmē), meaning 'peak', 'point', or 'prime'. It refers to the highest point or culmination of something.

G2559

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KAH-koo

Translations: he was harming, he was doing evil, he was afflicting, he was mistreating, he was injuring

Notes: This word describes the action of doing harm, causing evil, or afflicting someone. It is used to indicate that someone was continuously or repeatedly causing trouble, injury, or mistreatment to another person or group in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was harming the people' or 'They were mistreating him'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΔΙΚΕΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. The verb form means to make bad or to treat badly.

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-LAM-bah-neh

Translations: was helping, was assisting, was seizing, was arresting, was conceiving

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. In its imperfect form, it can mean 'to help' or 'to assist' someone, often implying working together with them. It can also mean 'to seize' or 'to arrest' someone, or 'to conceive' (as in, to become pregnant). The specific meaning depends on the context and the case of the object it takes.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΠΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The double lambda (λλ) is a result of assimilation of the nu (ν) from ΣΥΝ before the lambda (λ) of ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ.

G4189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-nee-REE-ah

Translations: wickedness, evil, malice, mischief, a wickedness, an evil, a malice, a mischief

Notes: This word refers to wickedness, evil, or malice, often implying active harm or depravity. It describes a state of moral badness or the manifestation of evil deeds. It can be used to describe the general condition of evil or specific acts of wickedness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From the adjective πονηρός (ponēros), meaning 'evil' or 'bad', which itself is derived from πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil' or 'labor', suggesting that which is 'painful' or 'troublesome'.

G3042

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LEE-mos

Translations: famine, a famine, hunger

Notes: This word refers to a severe scarcity of food, leading to widespread hunger and starvation. It is commonly used to describe a period of great want or scarcity, often with devastating consequences for a region or its people. It can also refer more generally to hunger itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΝΑ, ΑΥΧΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'λιμός' (limos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to lack' or 'to be hungry'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to denote hunger or famine.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOHN

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having apprehended, having overtaken, having understood, having perceived, having attained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to take hold of, seize, apprehend, overtake, or understand. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can indicate the means by which something happens, the cause, or simply a preceding action. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spa-NIN

Translations: scarcity, lack, want, a scarcity, a lack, a want

Notes: This word refers to a state of scarcity, lack, or want, particularly of necessary provisions or resources. It describes a situation where something is not available in sufficient quantities. It is typically used to indicate a shortage of something.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΕΙΑ, ΕΛΑΤΤΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΠΑΝΙΣ (spanis) is derived from the verb σπανίζω (spanizō), meaning 'to be scarce' or 'to lack'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of being rare or insufficient.

G0316

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAI-ohn

Translations: of necessary things, of essential things, of important things, of urgent things, of indispensable things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἀναγκαῖος' (anagkaios), meaning 'necessary,' 'essential,' 'important,' or 'urgent.' It describes things that are indispensable or required. In this inflected form, it would typically be used to indicate possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' or 'belonging to' necessary or important matters.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΩΝ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΩΝ, ΕΠΕΙΓΟΝΤΩΝ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-sthai

Translations: to be able, to have power, to be strong, can

Notes: This is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'δύναμαι'. It means 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is often used in constructions where one expresses the ability or capacity to do something, similar to the English 'can' or 'to be able to'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: From the root 'δύναμαι', meaning 'to be able'. It is related to 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEI-noys

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, dire, formidable, mighty, clever, skillful

Notes: This word describes something that inspires fear or awe due to its power, intensity, or skill. It can refer to things that are terrible or dreadful, but also to those that are formidable, mighty, or even remarkably clever and skillful. It is often used to describe situations, events, or individuals that are dangerous or impressive.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TEH-khein

Translations: to hold fast, to hold out, to cling to, to be loyal to, to resist, to endure, to persevere, to stand firm

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἀντέχω (antéchō). It means 'to hold fast to' or 'to cling to' something, often implying loyalty, steadfastness, or resistance. It can also mean 'to endure' or 'to persevere' in a difficult situation, or 'to stand firm' against opposition. It is often used with the dative case to indicate what one is holding fast to or resisting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: aw-toh-moh-LEE-say

Translations: to desert, to defect, to go over, to run away

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive of the verb ΑΥ̓ΤΟΜΟΛΕΩ. It means to desert, to defect, or to go over to the enemy. It is a compound word formed from ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos), meaning 'self', and ΜΟΛΕΩ (moleo), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to come by oneself' or 'to go by oneself', implying a voluntary departure or defection, often from a military or political allegiance.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΛΕΙΠΟΤΑΚΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΜΟΛΕΩ is a compound verb derived from the Greek word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos), meaning 'self', and the verb ΜΟΛΕΩ (moleo), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the act of going over to the enemy or deserting on one's own accord.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G0646

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-os-TAN-tas

Translations: having departed, having stood away, having withdrawn, having revolted, having fallen away

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphistēmi', meaning 'to stand away from', 'to depart', 'to withdraw', or 'to revolt'. It implies a separation or a turning away from something or someone, often with a sense of abandonment or rebellion. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who have distanced themselves, either physically or ideologically, from a previous state, allegiance, or belief.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2839

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KOY-non

Translations: common, shared, public, a common thing, the common thing, a community, the community

Notes: This word refers to something that is common, shared, or public. As an adjective, it describes something belonging to or used by all. As a neuter noun, it can refer to a common thing, a public matter, or even a community or commonwealth.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom-yos, meaning 'common, shared'. It is related to the idea of 'togetherness' or 'fellowship'.

G4255

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ay-ray-MEH-noos

Translations: chosen beforehand, preferred, purposed, those chosen beforehand, those preferred

Notes: This is a perfect passive participle, accusative plural masculine, derived from the verb προαιρέω (prohaireō). It is a compound word formed from πρό (pro), meaning 'before', and αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Therefore, it means 'to choose beforehand' or 'to prefer'. In this form, it refers to 'those who have been chosen beforehand' or 'those who have been preferred'. It describes individuals or groups that have been pre-selected or predetermined for a particular purpose or status.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΥΣ, ΠΡΟΟΡΙΣΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word προαιρέω (prohaireō) is a compound of πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take', 'to grasp', or 'to choose'. The combination signifies the act of choosing or taking something in advance.

G4867

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-ath-ROI-sas

Translations: having gathered, having assembled, having collected

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'synathroizo', meaning 'to gather together' or 'to assemble'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before the main verb, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It implies the act of bringing people or things together into one place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΑΓΩΝ, ΣΥΛΛΕΞΑΣ, ΑΘΡΟΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἀθροίζω (athroizō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to collect'. The root ἀθροίζω comes from ἄθροος (athroos), meaning 'crowded' or 'in a mass'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G1458

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-kheh-EE-ri-sen

Translations: he handed over, he entrusted, he delivered, he committed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, into) and 'χειρίζω' (to handle, to manage), which comes from 'χείρ' (hand). It means to hand something over to someone, to entrust or commit something into their care, or to deliver something. It is used to describe the act of giving authority, responsibility, or an object to another person.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4846

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sool-lam-BAH-non-tes

Translations: seizing, arresting, apprehending, helping, assisting, conceiving

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'). As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can mean to seize, arrest, or apprehend someone, or to help and assist someone. In a different context, it can also refer to conceiving a child.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΒΟΗΘΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambano), meaning 'to take', 'to seize', or 'to receive'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G5426

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: phro-NOON-tas

Translations: thinking, understanding, having a mindset, being minded, being sensible, being prudent, being wise

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'phroneō'. It describes someone who is actively thinking, understanding, or having a particular mindset. It can refer to the act of being sensible, prudent, or wise, or simply having a certain disposition or way of thinking about things. It is often used to describe the mental attitude or disposition of a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΑΣ

G0903

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: BAK-khee-day

Translations: Bacchides

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Bacchides, a Syrian general and friend of King Demetrius I Soter, mentioned in the books of Maccabees. He was sent by the king to Judea to establish Alcimus as high priest and to suppress the Maccabean revolt. The word is used to identify this specific historical figure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Greek Βάκχος (Bákkhos), referring to the god Bacchus (Dionysus), with the suffix -ίδης (-idēs) indicating 'son of' or 'descendant of'. Thus, it means 'son of Bacchus' or 'descendant of Bacchus'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-REH-doh-sahn

Translations: they delivered, they handed over, they committed, they entrusted, they betrayed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition "παρά" (para), meaning "beside" or "alongside," and the verb "δίδωμι" (didomi), meaning "to give." Together, it means to hand over, deliver, or transmit something to someone else. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a person into custody, handing over traditions, or even betraying someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G0928

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zohn

Translations: tormenting, torturing, testing, distressing, vexing, examining, afflicting, one who torments

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'tormenting' or 'one who torments'. It describes an ongoing action of causing severe distress, pain, or affliction, or of rigorously testing something or someone. It can also refer to the act of examining or scrutinizing. It is often used to describe physical or mental suffering inflicted upon someone.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩΝ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΩΝ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ comes from the noun ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ (BASANOS), which refers to a touchstone used to test the purity of metals, and by extension, a test, torment, or torture. The verb form thus means to apply such a test or to inflict torment.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G0090

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ahee-KEE-zoh-meh-nos

Translations: tormenting, torturing, abusing, maltreating, afflicting, being tormented, being tortured, being abused, being maltreated, being afflicted

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'aikizo'. It describes someone who is actively tormenting or abusing others (middle voice) or someone who is being tormented or abused (passive voice). It refers to the act of inflicting or suffering severe physical or mental pain and mistreatment.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THAY-ren

Translations: destroyed, corrupted, ruined, spoiled, perverted, wasted

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb φθείρω (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. It means to utterly destroy, corrupt, or ruin something or someone. It can be used to describe physical destruction, moral corruption, or the spoiling of something good. It often implies a complete and thorough destruction or perversion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G5082

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tay-lee-KOW-tays

Translations: of so great, of such, of so large, of so mighty

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something of a particular size, degree, or magnitude, often emphasizing its greatness or importance. It functions similarly to 'so great' or 'such a great' in English, indicating a high degree of the quality it describes. As a genitive form, it typically modifies a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek words τηλίκος (telikos), meaning 'of such an age, so old, so great', and αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self, same'. It emphasizes the 'very' or 'same' quality of greatness.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3985

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-PEH-rah-meh-noy

Translations: tried, experienced, tested, proven, tried ones, experienced ones, proven ones

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been tried' or 'having been experienced'. It describes individuals or things that have undergone a process of testing, examination, or experience and have been found to be reliable, skilled, or true. It implies a state of having successfully endured or learned through trials.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΟΙ, ΕΜΠΕΙΡΟΙ

G4035

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-leef-THEN-tes

Translations: those who were left over, those who remained, the survivors, the ones left behind

Notes: This word is a compound word formed from περί (peri, meaning 'around' or 'over') and λείπω (leipo, meaning 'to leave'). It describes individuals who have been left behind or have survived a particular event or situation. It is typically used to refer to a remnant or a group that remains after others have departed or perished.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΦΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΦΘΕΝΤΕΣ

G2083

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-tai-RON

Translations: of companions, of friends, of associates

Notes: This word refers to companions, friends, or associates. It is used to describe people who are part of a group or who share a common activity or purpose. In the provided examples, it appears in contexts involving drinking companions or those engaging in revelry.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΟΙ, ΦΙΛΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ (hetairos) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- (meaning 'self' or 'one's own'), indicating a close relationship or belonging to one's own group.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: BLEH-pon-tes

Translations: seeing, looking, observing, perceiving, watching

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'seeing' or 'those who are seeing', indicating an action performed by the subject. It is often used to describe the act of perceiving or observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

G0622

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-POL-loo-meh-non

Translations: perishing, being destroyed, lost, being lost, ruined, being ruined, a perishing one, a lost one

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ἀπόλλυμι, meaning 'to destroy, to lose, to perish'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action or state. It can function adjectivally, describing something that is currently perishing or being destroyed, or substantively, referring to 'one who is perishing' or 'that which is lost'. It implies a state of ruin or destruction, often with a sense of being beyond recovery.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΘΕΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The verb ἀπόλλυμι is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollumi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'. The combination emphasizes the complete destruction or loss.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having come to, approaching, drawing near, coming forward, those who came to, when they came to

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι' (proserchomai), meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of an action, such as 'when they came to' or 'after they had approached'. It can also function adjectivally, describing 'those who came to'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-PHO

Translations: to brother, to a brother, to fellow believer, to a fellow believer, to countryman, to a countryman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it is also commonly used in a broader sense to refer to a fellow countryman, a fellow human being, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is a dative form, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G3401

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-MEH-sthai

Translations: to imitate, to mimic, to emulate, to follow

Notes: This word means to imitate, mimic, or emulate someone or something. It is often used in the sense of following an example, whether good or bad. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a passive form but an active meaning.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΩ, ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word μιμέομαι (mimeomai) comes from μῖμος (mimos), meaning 'imitator' or 'actor'. It is the source of English words like 'mimic' and 'mime'.

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3670

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oh-mo-FY-lon

Translations: of the same race, of the same nation, of the same tribe, of the same kind

Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to the same race, nation, or kind as another. It is a compound word formed from 'homo-' (same) and 'phylon' (race, tribe). It is used to refer to people who share a common ethnic or national background.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΩΝ, ΟΜΟΕΘΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΣ is a compound of ὅμος (homos), meaning 'same, like', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe, race, nation'. It refers to sharing a common lineage or group.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-xee-OON

Translations: they were thinking worthy, they were deeming worthy, they were demanding, they were asking, they were requesting

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to demand,' 'to ask,' or 'to request.' It implies that the subjects were considering something or someone to be deserving of a particular action or status, or that they were making a strong request or demand.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-poh-tha-NON-tos

Translations: of having died, of one who died, of a dead one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to die'. It describes someone or something that has died, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. In this genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the one who died' or 'of the dead person'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΟΣ, ΝΕΚΡΟΥ

Etymology: The word ἀποθνῄσκω (apothnēiskō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb θνῄσκω (thnēiskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix intensifies the meaning, emphasizing the finality of death.

G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-oh-RAHN

Translations: overlook, disregard, permit, tolerate, look around, look over

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'. In its infinitive form, it means to overlook, to disregard, or to permit something to happen. It can also mean to look around or survey a situation. It implies a passive allowance or a deliberate turning away from something.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΑΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΑΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'.

G0657

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-pros-TAH-tee-ton

Translations: unprotected, defenseless, without a protector, an unprotected thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is without a protector, guardian, or patron. It implies a state of being vulnerable or helpless, lacking support or defense. It can be used to describe people, places, or situations that are exposed to harm or danger without anyone to stand up for them.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΒΟΗΘΗΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and προστατέω (prostateō), meaning 'to stand before, to protect, to be a patron'. The suffix -τος (-tos) forms an adjective indicating capability or result. Thus, it literally means 'not able to be protected' or 'unprotected'.

G3361, G3366

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MAYD

Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G5351

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FTHAY-reh-tai

Translations: is corrupted, is destroyed, perishes, decays, is ruined, is wasted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to corrupt, destroy, ruin, or cause to perish. In its passive or middle voice, as seen here, it means to be corrupted, to be destroyed, to perish, or to decay. It describes a process of decay, ruin, or moral corruption, often implying a gradual deterioration or a state of being ruined.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb Participle

Sounds like: FEE-sas

Translations: having said, saying, speaking, asserting

Notes: ΦΗΣΑΣ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΦΗΜΙ, meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities. It often indicates an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence, translating to 'having said' or 'after saying'. It can also be used to describe someone who is currently saying something, or to introduce a direct quote.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ

G2092

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-TOY-mohs

Translations: readily, promptly, quickly, at hand, in readiness, prepared

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'readily' or 'promptly'. It describes an action that is done with ease, speed, or a state of preparedness. It can indicate that something is available or at hand, or that an action is performed without hesitation. For example, one might 'readily' obey a command or be 'prepared' for an event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΕΩΣ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ (hetoimos), meaning 'ready' or 'prepared'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of being 'at hand' or 'in order'.

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poth-NAY-skane

Translations: to die, to be dead

Notes: This word is a verb in the infinitive form, meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'θνῄσκω' (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. It is used to express the action of dying or the state of being dead.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποθνήσκω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb θνῄσκω (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of 'dying' or indicates a separation from life.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-mis-THAYS

Translations: having been thought, having been supposed, having been considered, having been esteemed, having been accustomed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'νομίζω'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone or something that has been thought, supposed, considered, or esteemed. It can also refer to something that has become customary or accepted. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G0584

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DEEK-nyoo-teh

Translations: is shown, is demonstrated, is proved, is appointed, is declared

Notes: This word means 'to be shown, demonstrated, or proved'. It can also mean 'to be appointed' or 'to be declared'. It is used to indicate that something is being made clear, evident, or established as true, or that someone is being formally designated for a role. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'δείκνυμι' (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΤΑΙ, ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΔΗΛΟΥΤΑΙ

G5399

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foh-bee-THAYS

Translations: having feared, being afraid, fearing, because he feared, when he feared

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb ΦΟΒΕΩ (phobeō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating cause, time, or concession. For example, it could mean 'the one who feared' or 'because he feared'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΣΑΣ, ΤΡΕΜΩΝ

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ok-TEI-nai

Translations: to kill, to slay, to put to death

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀποκτείνω'. It means 'to kill' or 'to slay'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used to express purpose, result, or as the object of another verb. For example, it can be translated as 'to kill' in a sentence like 'he came to kill'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, off') and κτείνω (kteinō, 'to kill'). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of the verb 'to kill'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ZAY-tay

Translations: he was seeking, she was seeking, it was seeking, he sought, she sought, it sought

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ζητέω' (zēteō), meaning 'to seek,' 'to look for,' 'to inquire,' or 'to demand.' The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted or begun. It indicates that someone or something was in the process of seeking or looking for something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑἸΤΕΩ, ἘΚΖΗΤΕΩ

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

G2990

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-then

Translations: escaped notice, was hidden, forgot, was unaware

Notes: This word means to escape notice, to be hidden, or to forget. It describes an action that happens without someone being aware of it. It can also mean to do something secretly or without being observed. It is often used to indicate that something was done or happened without someone's knowledge.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΛΗΘΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leh₂-dʰ- (to be hidden, to escape notice). It is related to the English word 'latent'.

G2493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-na-THAN

Translations: Jonathan

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Hebrew name Jonathan. It is a common biblical name, notably the son of King Saul and a close friend of David. In this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Jonathan is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yehonatan (יְהוֹנָתָן), meaning 'Yahweh has given' or 'gift of God'. It combines the divine name Yahweh (יהוה) with the verb 'natan' (נתן), meaning 'to give'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3129

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mah-THON-tes

Translations: having learned, learning, those who learned, when they learned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to learn' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or an adverbial clause. It can indicate a prior action (having learned) or a concurrent action (while learning), depending on context. It often implies the result or consequence of the learning.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΙΔΟΤΕΣ

G3880

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BON-tes

Translations: taking, receiving, having taken, having received

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'paralambanō', meaning 'to take alongside, to receive, or to take over'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the main verb. It often implies a completed action, such as 'having taken' or 'having received', and can refer to taking someone with oneself, receiving something, or taking over a tradition or teaching.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ

G2083

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-TAI-roos

Translations: companion, a companion, comrade, a comrade, friend, a friend, associate, an associate

Notes: This word refers to a companion, comrade, or friend. It is used to describe someone who accompanies another, often in a close or familiar relationship, such as a fellow traveler, a colleague, or a close associate. In the provided examples, it refers to companions or associates of individuals.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, possibly related to "ἔτης" (etes), meaning 'clansman' or 'kinsman'.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tas

Translations: all, every, the whole, everyone

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate the entirety of a group or quantity. In this form, it is the masculine or feminine accusative plural, meaning it refers to 'all' or 'everyone' as the direct object of a verb, or after a preposition that takes the accusative case.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἁ- (ha-), meaning 'together' or 'one and the same', and πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It emphasizes the totality or completeness of something.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2047

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-ray-MEE-ahn

Translations: desolation, a desolation, wilderness, a wilderness, desert, a desert, solitude, a solitude

Notes: This word refers to a desolate, uninhabited, or solitary place, such as a desert or wilderness. It can also describe a state of desolation or abandonment. It is often used to refer to physical locations that are empty or uncultivated, but can also imply a state of spiritual or emotional emptiness. In a sentence, it might describe a place where no one lives or a condition of being left alone.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΡΗΜΟΣ, ἘΡΗΜΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΡΗΜΙΑ (eremia) comes from the adjective ἘΡΗΜΟΣ (eremos), meaning 'desolate, solitary, uninhabited'.

G5035

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TAKH-os

Translations: speed, swiftness, quickness, haste, a speed, a swiftness, a quickness, a haste

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being quick or swift. It denotes speed, quickness, or haste. It is used to describe the rate at which something moves or happens, often implying a rapid pace.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΠΟΥΔΗ, ΤΑΧΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the root *takh- (to be swift), related to the verb τάσσω (tassō, to arrange, order). It refers to the quality of swiftness or speed.

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-noy

Translations: having come, having arrived, having appeared, having been present, those who have come, those who have arrived

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι' (paraginomai), meaning 'to come alongside, to arrive, to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb, indicating a state or action of the subject. In this form, it refers to a group of masculine individuals who have performed the action of coming or arriving.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become, to come into being, to happen'. Thus, it literally means 'to come alongside' or 'to come into being beside'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G1289

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-AH-gon

Translations: they were leading, they were bringing, they were passing, they were spending

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'διάγω' (diagō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can mean 'to lead through,' 'to bring through,' 'to pass time,' or 'to spend one's life.' In the provided context, it seems to refer to leading or bringing people through something, possibly in a ritualistic or sacrificial sense.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΖΑΩ

Etymology: The word 'διάγω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across,' and the verb 'ἄγω' (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.'

G0143

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ahee-STHOH-meh-nos

Translations: perceiving, understanding, realizing, noticing, becoming aware, having perceived, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἰσθάνομαι', meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes an action that is either ongoing or completed by the subject of the main verb. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action, such as 'when he perceived' or 'because he understood'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΟΣ

G0568

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-peer-KO-tas

Translations: having completed, having finished, having perfected

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπαρτίζω', meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. As a perfect active participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past by the subject, and the result of that action continues into the present. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, indicating that the subject has already brought something to completion or perfection.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΠΕΡΑΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word ἀπαρτίζω (apartízō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀρτίζω (artízō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'. Thus, it conveys the sense of bringing something completely to an end or perfection.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: TIN-khan-tas

Translations: obtaining, happening, meeting, attaining, chancing, befalling

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can mean to obtain or attain something, to happen upon or meet someone or something, or simply to happen or chance to be in a certain state or place. It often implies an element of chance or fortune.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΟΝΤΑΣ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G4008

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: peh-RAN

Translations: beyond, over, on the other side, across

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side,' indicating a location or direction. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'beyond' or 'across' something, indicating movement or position relative to a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the root *per- meaning 'to pass through, to go over.' It is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross.'

G337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LAM-bah-neh

Translations: was taking up, was receiving, was assuming, was recovering, was restoring

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'analambano', meaning to take up, receive, assume, or recover. It is a compound word formed from 'ana' (up, again) and 'lambano' (to take, receive). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as someone continuously taking something up or receiving it.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-non

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, being named, what is said, what is spoken, a thing said, a thing spoken

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being said, spoken, or called. It can refer to a statement, a saying, or something that is being referred to or named.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΑΜΕΝΟΝ

G3479

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: nah-bah-TAI-oos

Translations: Nabataeans

Notes: This word refers to the Nabataeans, an ancient Arab people who inhabited northern Arabia and the southern Levant. They were known for their impressive rock-cut architecture, particularly in Petra, and their control over trade routes. In the provided context, the word is used to refer to these people as a group.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name "Nabataios" is derived from the Aramaic name for the Nabataeans, which itself is of uncertain Semitic origin. It refers to the inhabitants of the ancient kingdom of Nabataea.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G0659

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-THEE-tay

Translations: to lay aside, to put off, to store up, to put away, to lay down

Notes: This word describes the action of laying something aside, putting it away, or storing it up. It can also mean to put off or discard something, such as clothing or a habit. In the middle voice, it often implies doing something for oneself or for one's own benefit, or it can have a passive meaning, indicating that something is being laid aside or put away.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ἈΠΟΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, place'). It literally means 'to put away from'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G0565

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pee-ON-tah

Translations: going away, departing, leaving, one going away, those going away

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'going away' or 'departing'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one going away' or 'those who are going away'). It can also function adverbially, describing the manner or circumstance of another action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

G1747

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-neh-DREH-oo-san-tes

Translations: having ambushed, having lain in wait, having plotted, ambushing, lying in wait, plotting

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb meaning 'to lie in ambush' or 'to plot against'. It describes an action of ambushing or lying in wait that has already occurred, and it functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, describing the subject who performed this action. It implies a hidden or deceptive approach with hostile intent.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΛΟΧΑΩ, ἘΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΕΔΡΕΥΩ comes from the Greek preposition ἘΝ (in) and the noun ἘΔΡΑ (seat, base), literally meaning 'to be in a seat' or 'to sit in wait'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: meh-DAH-bas

Translations: Medaba

Notes: Μηδαβας (Medaba) is the name of an ancient city located in modern-day Jordan. It was a significant city in biblical and historical contexts, known for its strategic location and rich history. It is typically used as a geographical reference.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name "Medaba" is of Semitic origin, likely derived from a root meaning "water" or "settlement." It has been known by various names throughout history, reflecting its long occupation.

G4815

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sool-lam-BAH-noo-see

Translations: they arrest, they seize, they capture, they help, they assist, they conceive

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to seize, arrest, or capture someone or something. It can also mean to help or assist, or to conceive (become pregnant). Its meaning depends on the context. For example, when referring to people, it often means to arrest or capture, but when referring to a plan or effort, it can mean to help or cooperate. When referring to a woman, it means to conceive.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1283

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ar-PAH-san-tes

Translations: having plundered, having seized, having carried off, having robbed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαρπάζω', meaning 'to plunder thoroughly' or 'to carry off by force'. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (through, apart) and 'ἁρπάζω' (to seize, snatch). As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially, indicating that the subject has performed the act of plundering or seizing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΑΩ

Etymology: The verb 'διαρπάζω' is a compound of 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and 'ἁρπάζω' (harpazo), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch'. The prefix 'διά' intensifies the action of seizing, implying a thorough or complete plundering.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-KO-mee-zeh-toh

Translations: was being carried, was being brought, was being conveyed, was bringing to oneself, was receiving

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative, third person singular, of the verb κομίζω (komizō), prefixed with ἐπι- (epi-). The base verb κομίζω means 'to carry, bring, convey'. With the prefix ἐπι-, it can mean 'to bring upon, to bring in addition, to bring to oneself'. In the middle voice, it often means 'to receive, to get back, to obtain for oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be carried, to be brought'. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KTEI-noo-see

Translations: they kill, they slay, they murder

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It is used to describe the action of one or more subjects causing the death of another. It can be used in various contexts where an act of killing or murder takes place.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word κτείνω comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to kill' or 'to strike'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PES-khon

Translations: they promised, they undertook, they offered

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ὑπισχνέομαι' (hypiskhneomai), meaning 'to promise' or 'to undertake'. It describes an action of promising or offering that occurred in the past and was completed. It can be used in sentences where a group of people made a commitment or offered something.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under') and ἴσχω (ískhō, 'to hold, to have'), literally 'to hold oneself under' or 'to take upon oneself', leading to the meaning 'to promise'.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOYS

Translations: to brothers, to brethren, to fellow countrymen, to fellow believers

Notes: This word refers to brothers, both literal siblings and, more broadly, fellow members of a community, nation, or faith. It is often used in a figurative sense to denote close associates or fellow believers, emphasizing a bond of kinship or shared identity. In this dative plural form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to or for brothers/brethren'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΙΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΣΙΝ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: day-LOH-soh-men

Translations: we will make clear, we will show, we will declare, we will reveal

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make clear,' 'to show,' 'to declare,' or 'to reveal.' It is used to express an action that will be performed by a group (we) in the future, indicating that they will make something known or evident.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, First Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΟΜΕΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ comes from the adjective ΔΗΛΟΣ (delos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear.' It signifies the act of making something visible or clear.

G0956, G3149

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-see

Translations: (to) arrows, (to) darts, (to) limbs, (to) members, (to) songs

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a variant of either ΒΕΛΕΣΙΝ (belesin) or ΜΕΛΕΣΙΝ (melesin), which are the dative plural forms of βέλος (belos) and μέλος (melos) respectively. If it refers to βέλος, it means 'arrows' or 'darts'. If it refers to μέλος, it means 'limbs', 'members' (of the body), or 'songs'/'melodies'. The context would determine the precise meaning.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΞΑ, ΜΕΛΗ

G2696

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tes-trah-toh-peh-DEH-meh-non

Translations: encamped, having encamped, pitched camp, stationed, settled

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been encamped' or 'stationed'. It describes a state of being set up in a military camp or a fixed position. It can function adjectivally to describe something that is encamped, or verbally to indicate an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and στρατοπεδεύω (stratopedeuō), meaning 'to encamp'. The latter is derived from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army', and πέδον (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'plain'. Thus, it literally means 'to set an army down on the ground'.

G3929

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-fy-LAK-sas

Translations: watching, guarding, observing, keeping watch, having watched, having guarded

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παραφυλάσσω'. It means to watch closely, guard, or observe carefully. It implies an action of vigilance or careful attention, often with the purpose of protection or monitoring. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'having watched' or 'when he watched', indicating a completed action that precedes or accompanies the main verb.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΕΩ

G3164

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mah-KHOO-meh-non

Translations: fighting, warring, contending, a fighting one

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'machomai', meaning 'to fight' or 'to contend'. It describes someone or something that is actively engaged in a fight or conflict. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'the one fighting' or 'those fighting'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥΝΤΑ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHOHN

Translations: of souls, of lives, of spirits, of minds, of breaths

Notes: This word refers to the genitive plural form of 'psyche,' which means soul, life, spirit, or mind. It is often used to denote the inner self, the animating principle of a living being, or the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. In a broader sense, it can refer to life itself or a living being. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relationship, meaning 'belonging to souls' or 'of souls.'

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ, ΖΩΩΝ

G0618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-leel-im-MEH-noys

Translations: intercepted, cut off, hemmed in, surrounded, entrapped, caught, received back

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been intercepted' or 'having been cut off'. It describes someone or something that has been surrounded or hemmed in, often in a difficult or dangerous situation. It can also mean 'having been received back' or 'having been recovered', depending on the context, but the 'hemmed in' sense is more common for the passive participle.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ

G5343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-GAYN

Translations: flight, a flight, escape, a fleeing

Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing or escaping, often from danger or pursuit. It can describe a rapid departure or a strategic withdrawal. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the action of someone or a group of people running away.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΓΗ (phygē) comes from the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bheug- meaning 'to flee'.

G1715

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-EE-eh-san

Translations: they came upon, they attacked, they advanced, they approached

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go). It means to come upon, to approach, or to attack. It is often used in a hostile sense, indicating an advance or assault against someone or something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐπέρχομαι is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It developed from these two components to signify movement towards or upon something.

G4215

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poh-TAH-moss

Translations: river, a river, stream, a stream, flood, a flood

Notes: This word refers to a river, stream, or a large flow of water, often implying a significant body of water. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a flood or an overwhelming abundance of something, such as a 'river of fire' as seen in some contexts. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΕΥΜΑ, ΝΑΜΑ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to drink'. It is related to words signifying 'drinkable water' or 'a drink'.

G2770

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: kah-TOH-pin

Translations: behind, after, afterward, subsequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'after'. It can refer to spatial position, indicating something is located at the rear, or to temporal sequence, meaning 'afterward' or 'subsequently'. It is often used to describe following someone or something, or an event happening later in time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ὄπις (opis, 'back, rear'). It literally means 'down from behind' or 'from the back'.

G2172

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: yoo-KSAH-meh-nos

Translations: having prayed, having vowed, having wished

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'εὔχομαι' (euchomai), meaning 'to pray' or 'to vow'. It describes someone who has completed the action of praying, vowing, or wishing. It often functions adverbially, indicating an action that occurred prior to the main verb in the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'εὔχομαι' (euchomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁eugʰ- meaning 'to speak solemnly, to vow'. It is related to words signifying 'vow' or 'prayer' in other Indo-European languages.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-as-KHEIN

Translations: to provide, to grant, to give, to supply, to afford, to present

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to grant'. It is used to express the action of giving or supplying something, often in a context where a benefit or resource is being made available. It can be used with a dative object indicating to whom something is provided, and an accusative object indicating what is provided.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its original sense is 'to hold out' or 'to offer'.

G2598

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-bah-LON

Translations: throwing down, casting down, laying down, overthrowing, founding, having thrown down, having cast down, having laid down, having overthrown, having founded

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βάλλω (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a whole, it means to throw down, cast down, or lay down. It can be used literally, such as throwing something to the ground, or figuratively, like overthrowing an enemy or laying the foundation of something. In its participle form, as seen here, it often describes an action that has been completed, such as 'having thrown down' or 'when he had thrown down'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Both components are ancient Greek words with long histories.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ep-ER-kho-men-on

Translations: coming upon, approaching, impending, a coming upon, an approaching, an impending

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (eperchomai), which means 'to come upon', 'to approach', or 'to arrive'. It is a compound word formed from 'ΕΠΙ' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and 'ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or in progress, often functioning like an adjective or an adverb. It can refer to something that is about to happen or is currently happening to someone or something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4141

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PLEK-sone

Translations: about to strike, intending to strike, going to strike, about to smite, intending to smite, going to smite

Notes: This word is a future active participle derived from the verb 'πλήσσω' (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is about to happen. It indicates an intention or imminence of striking or smiting. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'he, being about to strike, raised his hand'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Future Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩΝ, ΠΑΤΑΞΩΝ

G4308

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ee-DOH-meh-noo

Translations: foreseeing, having foreseen, perceiving beforehand, having perceived beforehand

Notes: This is a participle form of the verb 'to foresee' or 'to perceive beforehand'. It describes an action that has already taken place or is ongoing, indicating that the subject has seen or known something in advance. It is often used to describe someone who has a clear understanding or premonition of future events.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΠΡΟΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'. Thus, it literally means 'to see beforehand'.

G1624

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-KLEE-nan-tos

Translations: of one who turned aside, of one who deviated, of one who avoided, of one who declined

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐκκλίνω', meaning 'to turn aside', 'to deviate', or 'to avoid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone or something. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a masculine or neuter singular subject, often translated as 'of one who turned aside' or 'of him who avoided'. It can be used to describe a person or thing that has moved away from a path, a standard, or a danger.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ἘΚΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἐκκλίνω' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'κλίνω' (klinō), meaning 'to bend' or 'to incline'. Thus, it literally means 'to bend out from' or 'to turn away from'.

G0641

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-po-pee-DAY-sas

Translations: leaping off, having leaped off, springing off, having sprung off, jumping off, having jumped off

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'πηδάω' (to leap or spring). It describes the action of leaping, jumping, or springing away from something or someone. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often indicating a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΠΗΔΑΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀποπηδάω is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb πηδάω (pēdaō), meaning 'to leap' or 'to spring'.

G1295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-SOH-zohn-tie

Translations: they are preserved, they are saved, they are kept safe, they are brought safely through

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb σῴζω (sōzō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve'. Therefore, διασῴζω means 'to save through', 'to preserve completely', or 'to bring safely through'. In this inflected form, it indicates that a group of people or things are being preserved or saved.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G0000

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-tee-dee-ah-BAHN-tone

Translations: of those crossing over against, of those going across opposite, of those opposing by crossing

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb διαβαίνω (diabainō), meaning 'to cross over' or 'to go through'. Therefore, it describes the action of crossing over or going through in opposition to something or someone. It refers to individuals who are in the act of crossing over or passing through in a confrontational or opposing manner.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Genitive, Plural

G5290

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREP-san-tos

Translations: (of) having returned, (of) returning, (of) turning back, (of) going back

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, derived from the verb meaning 'to return' or 'to turn back'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, often indicating the subject of the action or the circumstances under which the main action takes place. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or the subject of a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to return'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bak-KHEE-doo

Translations: of Bacchides

Notes: Bacchides was a Syrian general under Demetrius I Soter, the Seleucid king. He is mentioned in the First Book of Maccabees and in the writings of Josephus, primarily for his military campaigns against Judas Maccabeus and the Hasmoneans in Judea during the 2nd century BCE. The word is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Bacchides is of Greek origin, derived from the name Bacchus (Dionysus), the Greek god of wine and revelry. It likely means 'son of Bacchus' or 'belonging to Bacchus'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kran

Translations: highest, outermost, extreme, top, peak, summit, edge, a peak, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, tip, or extreme edge. It can refer to the highest point of a mountain, the tip of a finger, or the outermost part of something. It is used to denote the extremity or culmination of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ἈΚΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ak- ('sharp, pointed'). It refers to the sharp or pointed end of something, hence the meaning of 'highest' or 'extreme'.

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-eh-BAH-len

Translations: threw away, cast off, lost, rejected, abandoned

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning "from" or "away from," and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning "to throw" or "to cast." Therefore, it literally means "to throw away" or "to cast off." In various contexts, it can signify losing something, rejecting someone or something, or abandoning a position or a group.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΡΊΠΤΩ, ἈΦΊΗΜΙ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

G1365

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: diss-KHEE-lee-oos

Translations: two thousand

Notes: This word means 'two thousand'. It is a compound word formed from 'δύο' (two) and 'χίλιοι' (thousand). It is used to indicate a quantity of two thousand units of something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'two thousand men' or 'two thousand years'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΔΙΣΧΙΛΙΟΙ is a compound of δύο (dyo), meaning 'two', and χίλιοι (chilioi), meaning 'thousand'. It is a direct combination of these two numerical terms.

G2638

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOH-meh-nos

Translations: having seized, having grasped, having overtaken, having comprehended, having understood, having found, having laid hold of

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'καταλαμβάνω' (katalambanō). It describes an action that has been completed by the subject. It can mean to seize, grasp, or take possession of something, often with force or determination. It can also mean to overtake someone or something, or to comprehend and understand a concept. In a sentence, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has performed the action of seizing, understanding, or overtaking.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3735

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: O-khoo-RO-sen

Translations: fortified, strengthened, made strong, secured

Notes: This word means to fortify, strengthen, or make secure. It is often used in the context of building or reinforcing defenses, such as cities, walls, or gates, to protect them from attack. It describes the action of making something robust and impregnable.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word ὀχυρόω (ochyroo) comes from ὀχυρός (ochyros), meaning 'strong, firm, secure', which is related to ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have, hold'.

G0964

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bah-ee-THOH-roon

Translations: Beth-horon

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Beth-horon, a town in ancient Israel. It is a compound word derived from Hebrew, meaning 'house of the hollow' or 'house of the cave'. There were two towns, Upper Beth-horon and Lower Beth-horon, located on a strategic pass leading from the coastal plain to the central highlands, making them significant in historical and military contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, a compound of 'Beth' (house) and 'Horon' (a place name possibly related to a hollow or cave).

G0964

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beh-THEH-lah

Translations: Bethel

Notes: Bethel is a significant ancient city in the land of Canaan, mentioned frequently in the Hebrew Bible. Its name means 'House of God'. It was a sacred site where Jacob had a vision of a ladder to heaven.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable (often used as such in Koine Greek, though it can appear in various cases depending on the context, here it appears in the accusative after 'εἰς')

Etymology: The name Βεθήλα (Bethel) is derived from the Hebrew בֵּית־אֵל (Bethel), meaning 'House of God'. It is a compound of בַּיִת (bayit, 'house') and אֵל (el, 'God').

G5115

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TOX-on

Translations: bow, a bow

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a variant of the Koine Greek word ΤΟΞΟΝ (toxon), which refers to a bow, typically used for shooting arrows. It is a neuter noun. The ending -ΟΑΝ does not correspond to a standard inflection of ΤΟΞΟΝ in Koine Greek. It might be a scribal error for ΤΟΞΟΝ (nominative/accusative singular) or ΤΟΞΩΝ (genitive plural).

Inflection: Likely a misspelling of a singular Nominative or Accusative case, or a plural Genitive case. Neuter gender.

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'quickness' or 'swiftness'.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-bal-OHN

Translations: having thrown around, having put on, having surrounded, having clothed, having encompassed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'periballō'. It describes an action of throwing something around, putting on clothing, or surrounding/encompassing something or someone. It can be used to describe someone who has clothed themselves, or an action of surrounding a place with walls, or encompassing someone with a snare.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G2900

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kar-teh-RAH

Translations: of strong, of fierce, of steadfast, of enduring, of mighty, of powerful

Notes: This word describes something as strong, fierce, steadfast, or enduring. It is often used to describe battles, struggles, or resistance, indicating a powerful or unyielding quality. In the provided examples, it modifies 'μάχης' (battle), indicating a 'fierce battle'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΣ (karteros) comes from the root ΚΑΡΤΟΣ (kartos), meaning 'strength' or 'might'. It is related to the verb ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ (kartereo), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to endure'.

G1308

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-FEH-ron-tah

Translations: different, differing, excellent, excelling, superior, important, carrying through, enduring

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαφέρω' (diapherō), meaning 'to carry through, to differ, to excel, to be superior, or to be important'. As an adjective, it describes something that is distinct, superior, or of great importance. It can be used to describe people or things that stand out from others due to their qualities or significance.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative; Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΞΟΧΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW-tas

Translations: them, themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.

G2559

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-KOON

Translations: to harm, to do evil, to mistreat, to afflict, to injure

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'κακόω'. It means to do evil, to harm, to mistreat, or to afflict someone. It is often used in contexts where one person or group causes suffering, damage, or injury to another.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΩ, ΑΔΙΚΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. The verb 'κακόω' means 'to make bad' or 'to treat badly'.

G3729

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hor-MOH-meh-noy

Translations: rushing, setting out, starting, impelled, being driven, being urged, being set in motion

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'hormao'. It describes someone or something that is rushing, setting out, or being impelled. It can indicate the origin or starting point of an action, or the force driving it. It is often used to describe a movement or an impulse.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Middle or Passive Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAI-das

Translations: children, boys, servants, slaves

Notes: This word refers to children, particularly boys, but can also denote young people in general, or even servants and slaves regardless of age, depending on the context. It is used here in the accusative plural form, indicating that the children/boys/servants are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΥΙΟΙ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΙΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'child' or 'boy'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to young people or offspring.

G1457

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EK-kley-sen

Translations: shut in, enclosed, imprisoned, confined

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἐγκλείω'. It means 'he/she/it shut in', 'he/she/it enclosed', or 'he/she/it imprisoned'. It describes an action of confining or enclosing someone or something within a space.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΩ, ΣΥΓΚΛΕΙΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἐγκλείω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and the verb 'κλείω' (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PANG-gei-len

Translations: he announced, he reported, he told, he declared, he brought word

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō). It means 'he announced,' 'he reported,' or 'he told.' It is used to describe the action of someone conveying a message or information to others, often with the sense of bringing news from one place to another. It is a compound word, combining the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from') with the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce' or 'to report').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΕΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report.' Thus, the word literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report from,' emphasizing the source or origin of the message.

G2005

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-LOON-tas

Translations: performing, completing, carrying out, accomplishing, executing, those performing, those completing, those carrying out

Notes: This word is a present active participle, accusative masculine plural, derived from the verb ἘΠΙΤΕΛΈΩ (epiteleō). It means to bring to an end, to complete, to accomplish, or to carry out. As a participle, it describes an action being performed by the subject, often translated as 'performing' or 'those who perform' in the accusative case. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and ΤΕΛΈΩ (teleō), meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The verb ἘΠΙΤΕΛΈΩ (epiteleō) is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ΤΕΛΈΩ (teleō), meaning 'to finish,' 'to complete,' or 'to bring to an end.' ΤΕΛΈΩ itself comes from ΤΈΛΟΣ (telos), meaning 'end' or 'purpose.'

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: AH-gon-tas

Translations: leading, bringing, carrying, guiding, taking, driving, observing, celebrating

Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine plural, accusative case, derived from the verb 'agō' (to lead, bring). It describes an action of leading or bringing that is ongoing or continuous. It can be used to describe people who are in the act of leading, bringing, or carrying something or someone. For example, 'those who are leading' or 'while they were bringing'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑΣ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΑΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: NAH-bah-thah

Translations: Nabatha

Notes: Nabatha is a proper noun, likely referring to a place or a people. It is often associated with the Nabataeans, an ancient Arab people who inhabited northern Arabia and the southern Levant. The name appears in historical texts, particularly those describing the region and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name "Nabatha" is of Semitic origin, referring to the Nabataeans, an ancient Arab people. It is related to the Hebrew name "Nebaioth" (נְבָיוֹת), a son of Ishmael.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G2016

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-fah-NOHN

Translations: of eminent, of notable, of distinguished, of famous, of illustrious, of prominent, of the eminent ones, of the notable ones, of the distinguished ones

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'eminent,' 'notable,' 'distinguished,' 'famous,' 'illustrious,' or 'prominent.' It is used here in the genitive plural, often referring to 'of eminent people' or 'of the prominent ones.' It describes individuals who stand out due to their status, reputation, or achievements.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΒΛΕΠΤΩΝ, ΛΑΜΠΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΦΑΝΗΣ (epiphanēs) comes from the prefix ἐπι- (epi-), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to appear' or 'to shine.' Thus, it literally means 'appearing upon' or 'shining upon,' leading to the sense of being conspicuous, manifest, or distinguished.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-line

Translations: to be about to, to intend to, to be destined to, to delay, to hesitate

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb μέλλω. It is commonly used with an infinitive to express an action that is imminent, intended, or destined to happen. It can also indicate a delay or hesitation in doing something. For example, it might be used to say 'he is about to go' or 'they intend to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- 'to grind, crush'. The meaning evolved to 'to be about to' or 'to delay', possibly through the idea of 'grinding to a halt' or 'being on the verge of something'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ghee-NES-thai

Translations: to become, to happen, to be, to come into being, to be born, to arise, to come to pass

Notes: This verb is very common in Koine Greek and has a broad range of meanings, primarily related to something coming into existence, happening, or changing state. It can describe a process of becoming, an event taking place, or a person being born. It is often used impersonally to mean 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.

G3933

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-rah-pom-PEEN

Translations: escort, a sending, a conveyance, a dispatch

Notes: This word refers to the act of sending someone or something off, an escort, or a means of conveyance. It can also denote a dispatch or a sending away. It is used to describe the action of accompanying someone or the process of transporting something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΨΙΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'πομπή' (pompe), meaning 'a sending' or 'procession'. It literally means 'a sending alongside'.

G2039

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-tay-dee-OH-tah-ton

Translations: most suitable, most convenient, most appropriate, a most suitable, a most convenient, a most appropriate

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'epitedeios', meaning 'suitable' or 'convenient'. Therefore, 'epitēdeiotaton' means 'most suitable', 'most convenient', or 'most appropriate'. It is used to describe something that is exceedingly fit for a particular purpose or occasion.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΡΜΟΔΙΩΤΑΤΟΝ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΟΤΑΤΟΝ

G1557

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-di-KEE-an

Translations: vengeance, a vengeance, retribution, punishment, vindication, a vindication

Notes: This word refers to the act of seeking justice or retribution for a wrong committed. It can also denote the act of vindicating someone or something, meaning to clear from accusation or suspicion. It is used to describe the process of obtaining satisfaction for an injury or wrong.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ἈΝΤΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΔΙΚΙΑ (ekdikia) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ΔΙΚΗ (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'out of justice' or 'from justice', referring to the execution of justice or the act of obtaining justice.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: noh-MEE-san-tes

Translations: supposing, thinking, believing, considering, having supposed, when they supposed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'nomizo', meaning 'to suppose', 'to think', or 'to believe'. As a participle, it describes an action that is related to the main verb in a sentence, often indicating a preceding or concurrent action. It can be translated as 'supposing', 'thinking', or 'believing', or with a temporal clause like 'when they supposed' or 'after they thought'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΙΖΩ comes from the Greek word νόμος (nomos), meaning 'custom', 'law', or 'usage'. It originally meant 'to do according to custom or law', and later evolved to mean 'to consider', 'to believe', or 'to suppose' based on common practice or accepted belief.

G3868, G5316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-fa-NEE-nai

Translations: to appear, to show oneself, to be revealed, to be made manifest

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and the verb φαίνω (phainō, 'to shine, to appear'). In this form, it means 'to appear alongside, to show oneself, to be revealed, or to be made manifest'. It describes something becoming visible or known, often in a sudden or unexpected way, or in a specific context or location.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΗΝΑΙ, ΕΜΦΑΝΙΣΘΗΝΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEEP-ses-thai

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to obtain, to seize, to grasp

Notes: This word is the future middle infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It indicates an action of taking or receiving that will happen in the future, often with the subject performing the action for themselves or experiencing the action. It is used to express purpose or result, or as the object of another verb.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-noo

Translations: of John

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'John'. It is a common name in the Bible, referring to several individuals, most notably John the Baptist and John the Apostle. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the son of John' or 'the Gospel of John'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Second Temple period.

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-LA-bon-tes

Translations: having taken up, having supposed, having answered, having received, having entertained

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'hypolambanō'. It is a compound word formed from 'hypo' (under, by, in response to) and 'lambanō' (to take, receive). Depending on the context, it can mean to take up (from below), to receive (a guest), to suppose or assume, or to answer (by taking up a statement). As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often translated with 'having' or implying a preceding action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ

G1849

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-OR-may-san

Translations: they rushed out, they started out, they set out, they burst forth, they sallied forth

Notes: This word describes an action of moving out or rushing forth, often with force or determination. It is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (out of) and the verb 'ὁρμάω' (to set in motion, to rush). It is used to indicate that a group of people or things suddenly moved from an enclosed space or a starting point.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΠΗΔΑΩ, ΕΚΔΡΑΜΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΞΟΡΜΑΩ is derived from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ὁρμάω (hormaō), meaning 'to set in motion, to urge on, to rush'. The combination signifies a movement outwards or a sudden departure.

G3036

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: loh-KHON-tes

Translations: being in childbed, giving birth, delivering, in labor

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are in childbed' or 'those who are giving birth'. It describes individuals, typically women, who are currently undergoing the process of childbirth or are in the immediate post-delivery period. It is used to refer to women in labor or those who have recently given birth.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΟΥΣΑΙ, ΓΕΝΝΩΣΑΙ

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-meh-non

Translations: they were remaining, they remained, they abode, they waited, they endured

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'menō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means to remain, abide, stay, wait, or endure. It can be used to describe people or things staying in a particular place, or continuing in a state or condition.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word μένω (menō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to stay, remain'. It is related to Latin 'maneo' and Sanskrit 'manas'.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-on

Translations: such as, of what kind, what sort of, as, like, a such thing, a what sort of thing

Notes: ΟΙΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΟΙΟΣ. It is used to introduce a comparison, meaning 'such as' or 'as', or to ask about the quality or nature of something, meaning 'of what kind' or 'what sort of'. It can also function as a demonstrative, referring to something of a specific kind.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΙΑ, ΟΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (this) or the interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ (who, what).

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-lon

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, throng, a throng

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also denote a throng or a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear him speak.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to disturb' or 'to trouble', perhaps referring to the commotion a crowd can cause.

G0381

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-pee-DAY-san-tes

Translations: leaping up, having leaped up, springing up, having sprung up, jumping up, having jumped up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to leap up' or 'to spring up'. It describes an action of suddenly jumping or springing upwards, often in response to something or to initiate an action. It implies a quick and energetic movement.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΘΡΩΣΚΩ, ἈΝΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναπηδάω is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb πηδάω (pēdaō), meaning 'to leap' or 'to jump'.

G1747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-NEH-dras

Translations: ambush, an ambush, lying in wait, a trap, a snare

Notes: This word refers to a hidden position from which to make a surprise attack, or the act of lying in wait. It can also refer to a trap or snare set to catch someone. It is often used in contexts of deception or hostile intent.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the noun ἕδρα (hedra, 'seat, sitting'). It literally means 'a sitting in' or 'a sitting in wait'.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mon

Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LAH-bon

Translations: received back, received, took back, got back

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist active indicative, meaning 'they received back' or 'they took back'. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The prefix ἀπό often implies separation, completion, or return, so ἀπολαμβάνω specifically means to receive something back, or to receive one's due or share.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G4902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EH-poh-men-oy

Translations: following with, accompanying, attending, joining with

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἕπομαι' (hepomai), meaning 'to follow'. As a whole, it means 'to follow with' or 'to accompany'. It describes someone who is in the act of following or joining another person or group. It is used to indicate participation or association with others in an action or journey.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΕΠΟΜΑΙ (hepomai), meaning 'to follow'.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THA-ree-san

Translations: they were corrupted, they were destroyed, they perished, they were ruined

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely,' and the verb φθείρω (phtheiro), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy.' Together, it means to utterly corrupt, destroy, or ruin. In the passive voice, as seen here, it indicates that the subjects were corrupted, destroyed, or perished.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

G5290

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREP-san-tes

Translations: having returned, returning, when they returned

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action completed prior to or at the same time as the main verb in the sentence. It describes the subject as having performed the action of returning. It is often translated with a clause like 'when they returned' or 'after they returned'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupó, “under, below”) + στρέφω (stréphō, “to turn”). The combination means to turn back or return.

G2650

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-MEH-non

Translations: remained, stayed, abode, continued

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, against') and the verb μένω (menō, 'to remain, abide'). It means to remain or stay in a place, often implying a prolonged or settled stay. It can also mean to continue in a certain state or condition. In the provided form, it is an imperfect indicative, active voice, third person plural, indicating that 'they were remaining' or 'they continued to stay'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word καταμένω is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. The prefix κατά often intensifies the meaning of the verb or indicates a downward motion or completion.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-RAIHS

Translations: guards, garrisons, prisons, watch, a watch, a guard, a garrison, a prison

Notes: This word refers to a military guard, a garrison, or a place of confinement like a prison. It can also denote the act of guarding or keeping watch. It is typically used to describe a group of people or a structure involved in security or detention.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΑΙΣ, ΤΗΡΗΣΕΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek φρουρά (phroura), meaning 'a watching, a guard, a garrison'. It is related to προοράω (prooraō), meaning 'to foresee, to watch over'.

G0794

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: as-fah-lee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having secured, having made safe, having made firm, having fortified, having assured

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'asphalizo'. It describes an action that has been completed, indicating that someone has secured, made safe, or fortified something. It implies a state of being made firm or assured as a result of the action. It is often used to describe the act of making a place or object secure, or to confirm something as certain.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΟΧΥΡΟΩ, ΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sen

Translations: returned, went back, came back

Notes: This word means 'returned' or 'went back'. It describes the action of someone or something going back to a previous place or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G2270

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-reh-MEH-sen

Translations: he rested, he was quiet, he became quiet, he settled down

Notes: This word describes the action of becoming quiet, resting, or settling down. It implies a cessation of activity or disturbance, leading to a state of peace or stillness. It is used to describe someone or something that has come to a halt or found repose.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἨΣΥΧΑΖΩ, ἈΝΑΠΑΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἠρεμέω (ēremeō) is derived from the adjective ἠρέμα (ērema), meaning 'quietly, gently, softly'.

G0765

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-SEH-bays

Translations: ungodly, impious, wicked, unrighteous, a wicked person, the ungodly

Notes: This word describes someone who is irreverent towards God, lacking in piety, or acting contrary to divine law. It can be used as an adjective to describe things or people, or substantively as a noun to refer to 'the ungodly' or 'wicked people'. It implies a deliberate disregard for religious or moral obligations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-RON-tes

Translations: seeing, beholding, looking at, perceiving, observing, those seeing, the ones seeing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'οράω' (oraō), meaning 'to see' or 'to behold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, 'ο̄ρῶντες' refers to 'those who are seeing' or 'the ones who are beholding'. It can be used to describe people who are actively observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'οράω' (oraō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G1774

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: en-dee-ah-TREE-bon-tas

Translations: spending time, dwelling, tarrying, lingering, those spending time, those dwelling

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἐν' (in, among) and 'διατρίβω' (to rub through, to spend time). It means to spend time in a place or with a person, to dwell, to tarry, or to linger. It implies a prolonged stay or engagement. As a participle, it describes someone who is in the act of spending time or dwelling.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΩ, ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐν' (in, on, among) and the verb 'διατρίβω' (to rub through, wear away, spend time). 'Διατρίβω' itself comes from 'διά' (through) and 'τρίβω' (to rub, wear out). The sense evolved from 'wearing away time' to 'spending time'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOON-tes

Translations: exhorting, comforting, encouraging, appealing, beseeching, entreating, inviting, calling upon, a comforter, an encourager

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'παρακαλέω'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the process of exhorting, comforting, encouraging, or appealing to others. It can function adjectivally (e.g., 'the comforting ones') or adverbially (e.g., 'while comforting').

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΝΘΑΡΡΥΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DAY-loon

Translations: they were showing, they were making clear, they were declaring, they were revealing

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were showing,' 'they were making clear,' or 'they were declaring.' It implies that the action of making something known or evident was in progress or habitual at a past time.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

G2030

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-PEH-son-tes

Translations: falling upon, rushing upon, attacking, having fallen upon, those who fell upon

Notes: This word is a participle, indicating an action of 'falling upon' or 'rushing upon' someone or something. It often implies a sudden, forceful, or even hostile approach, such as an attack. It can also be used in the sense of embracing someone. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, on) and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (to fall).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΦΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΦΟΡΜΑΩ

G1603

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-PEM-psan-tos

Translations: having sent out, having dispatched, having sent forth

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ekpempō', meaning 'to send out' or 'to dispatch'. As an aorist active participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of another action. It implies the act of sending someone or something away from a place, often with a specific purpose or destination.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word 'ekpempō' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ek' (meaning 'out of' or 'from') and the verb 'pempō' (meaning 'to send').

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G4848

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sym-MAH-khoys

Translations: (to) allies, (to) confederates

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'σύμμαχος' (symmachos), meaning 'ally' or 'confederate'. It refers to individuals or groups who join forces with another, typically in a military or political context, to achieve a common goal or provide mutual support. It is used when indicating the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of something, as in 'to the allies' or 'for the confederates'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ, ΒΟΗΘΟΙ

G4704

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: spoo-DAH-zon-ton

Translations: of those who are eager, of those who are diligent, of those who are zealous, of those who are earnest, of those who are making haste

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be eager' or 'to make haste'. It describes people who are diligent, zealous, or earnest in their actions. In the provided examples, it functions as a genitive plural, indicating 'of those who are eager' or 'of those who are diligent'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΠΕΥΔΟΝΤΩΝ, ΕΝΕΡΓΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-nohn

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being strong, of being capable, of those who are able, of those who are powerful, of those who are strong, of those who are capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who are able' or 'of those who are powerful'. It can be used to describe the capabilities or strength of a group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEEHN

Translations: plot, a plot, conspiracy, a conspiracy, ambush, an ambush, treachery, a treachery

Notes: This word refers to a deliberate plan or scheme, often with malicious intent, such as a plot, conspiracy, or treachery. It can also refer to an ambush. It is typically used in contexts where someone is devising a harmful plan against another.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΕΝΕΔΡΑ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ (epiboulē) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'. Thus, it literally means 'a plan against' or 'counsel against'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ees-THEE-meh-nos

Translations: having perceived, having understood, having noticed, having become aware

Notes: This word is a perfect participle, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It means 'having perceived' or 'having become aware of' something. It describes someone who has gained knowledge or understanding through their senses or intellect, and this state of awareness continues.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕἸΔΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3710

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: or-ghis-THAYS

Translations: having become angry, being enraged, having been provoked

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having become angry' or 'having been enraged'. It describes a state of anger that has been entered into or a provocation that has been received, often indicating the cause or circumstance of a subsequent action. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the subject's state.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΩΘΕΙΣ, ΕΞΑΓΡΙΩΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb ὀργίζομαι (orgizomai) is derived from ὀργή (orgē), meaning 'anger' or 'wrath'. It describes the state of being filled with or experiencing anger.

G5574

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: psev-sa-MEH-noys

Translations: having lied, having deceived, having spoken falsely, having been false

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to lie' or 'to deceive'. It describes someone who has already performed the action of lying or deceiving. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can act as a substantive (a noun) itself, referring to 'those who have lied'. In this form, it indicates a past action completed by the subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Plural, Dative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

G2233

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: hay-goo-MEH-noos

Translations: leaders, rulers, chiefs, governors, commanders, guides, a leader, a ruler

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hegeomai', meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. It refers to those who are in a position of leadership, authority, or guidance. It can be translated as 'leaders', 'rulers', or 'chiefs', depending on the context. It is often used to describe those who have authority over a group of people, such as elders in a church or commanders in an army.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'hegeomai' comes from the Greek root 'heg-', meaning 'to lead'. It is related to words like 'hodos' (way, path) and implies guiding along a path.

G4815

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, seizing, arresting, conceiving, helping, assisting

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'συλλαμβάνω' (syllambanō). It means 'taking together,' 'seizing,' 'arresting,' 'conceiving' (as in becoming pregnant), or 'helping/assisting.' It describes an action that has been completed and often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or manner of the main verb's action. For example, 'having seized the man, he led him away.'

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pek-TEI-nen

Translations: he killed, she killed, it killed, he slew, she slew, it slew

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποκτείνω (apokteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes a completed action of killing or slaying, typically referring to a single instance in the past. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-na-kho-REH-ee

Translations: he withdraws, she withdraws, it withdraws, he retires, she retires, it retires, he departs, she departs, it departs, he goes away, she goes away, it goes away

Notes: This word describes the action of withdrawing, retiring, or departing from a place or situation. It implies a movement away, often for safety, privacy, or to avoid something. It can be used in sentences like 'He withdraws to the mountains' or 'The crowd departs from the city'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room', 'to go', or 'to proceed'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room back'.

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-main

Translations: village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a village or a small town, typically an unfortified settlement smaller than a city. It is used to denote a rural community or a collection of dwellings outside of a major urban center. In a sentence, it would often be used to indicate a destination or location, such as 'they went to the village' or 'he lived in a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'settlement' or 'unfortified dwelling'. It is related to Latin 'pagus' (country district, village) and English 'home'.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-bah-LOH-meh-nos

Translations: having put around, having clothed, having surrounded, having cast around, having thrown around

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'περιβάλλω' (periballō), meaning 'to throw around', 'to put around', 'to clothe', or 'to surround'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It indicates someone who has performed the action of putting something around themselves or someone else, or who has been clothed or surrounded.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΥΚΛΩΣΑΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-khen

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he held, she held, it held, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe someone holding or keeping something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.

G5432

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pe-phroo-roo-MEH-non

Translations: guarded, kept, protected, a guarded (thing), a kept (thing), a protected (thing)

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been guarded or is in a state of being guarded. It implies a continuous or completed action of protection, often by a military guard or a strong defense. It can be used to describe a person, place, or concept that is being kept safe or secure.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΗΡΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΙΑΤΕΤΗΡΗΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureō) comes from φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher', which itself is derived from the verb προοράω (prooraō), meaning 'to see beforehand' or 'to watch over'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G0737

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GOHN

Translations: contest, struggle, fight, race, a contest, a struggle, a fight, a race

Notes: This word refers to a gathering, especially for a contest or struggle. It can denote a physical struggle, a race, a battle, or a more general conflict or struggle in life. It is often used in the context of athletic games or a spiritual struggle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΠΑΛΗ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, to bring, to drive'. The noun refers to a gathering or assembly, particularly for a competition or struggle.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G4316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-bal-OHN

Translations: having attacked, having assaulted, having thrown against, having applied, having brought to bear

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb προσβάλλω (prosballō). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating the subject 'having done' something. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. Therefore, it literally means 'to throw towards' or 'to throw against'. In a military context, it refers to launching an attack or assault. It can also mean to apply something, or to bring something to bear upon another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΦΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word προσβάλλω (prosballō) is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, against', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw, cast'. Its meaning developed from the literal sense of 'throwing towards' to 'attacking' or 'applying'.

G3794

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-mah-sin

Translations: (to) strongholds, (to) fortresses, (to) fortifications, (to) bulwarks

Notes: This word refers to a stronghold, fortress, or fortification. It describes a place that is strongly fortified or secured, often for defensive purposes. It can also refer to a bulwark or a strong defense in a more figurative sense, such as a spiritual or intellectual stronghold. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or location of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word Ὀχύρωμα (ochyroma) comes from the verb ὀχυρόω (ochyroo), meaning 'to make strong, to fortify,' which in turn derives from ὀχυρός (ochyros), meaning 'strong, firm, secure.'

G4710

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SPOO-dayn

Translations: haste, a haste, diligence, a diligence, earnestness, an earnestness, zeal, a zeal, eagerness, an eagerness, effort, an effort

Notes: This word refers to quickness, speed, or haste. It can also denote earnestness, diligence, or zealous effort in carrying out a task. It describes the quality of being eager and committed to something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΠΟΥΔΗ (spoudē) is derived from the verb σπεύδω (speudō), meaning 'to hasten' or 'to be eager'. It reflects the concept of moving quickly or acting with earnestness.

G4147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poh-lee-or-KEE-as

Translations: of a siege, of a blockade

Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation where an army surrounds a place to cut off supplies and force its surrender. In the provided context, it refers to the duration or process of a siege.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound derived from the Greek words πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure', referring to the act of enclosing a city.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-LEI-pei

Translations: leaves behind, forsakes, abandons, remains, bequeaths

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. It means to leave behind, abandon, forsake, or to cause to remain. It can also mean to bequeath something, like an inheritance. It is used to describe someone or something being left in a particular state or place, often with a sense of abandonment or remaining.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

G4170

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: po-le-MAY-son-ta

Translations: about to make war, about to fight, who will make war, who will fight

Notes: This word is a future active participle derived from the verb 'polemeō', meaning 'to make war' or 'to fight'. It describes someone or something that is 'about to make war' or 'will fight'. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating an action that is impending or intended.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΑΓΩΝΙΟΥΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ (polemeō) comes from πόλεμος (polemos), meaning 'war, battle'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ex-EL-thohn

Translations: having gone out, going out, coming out, having come out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often indicates movement from an inside location to an outside one, or from one state/condition to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-ah-gah-GOHN

Translations: having gathered, having brought together, having assembled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'to gather' or 'to bring together'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that the subject 'having gathered' or 'having assembled' something or someone, then proceeded to do something else. It implies a completed action that precedes the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΙΡΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G5426

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: froh-NOON-tohn

Translations: of those thinking, of those understanding, of those having a mind, of those being minded, of those being wise

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'phroneo', meaning to think, to have understanding, or to be minded in a certain way. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone who is in the act of thinking or having a particular mindset. In this form, it refers to 'those who are thinking' or 'those who are of a certain mind'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word Φρονέω (phroneō) comes from φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It refers to the faculty of thought and understanding.

G1964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-PIP-tee

Translations: fall upon, fall on, fall down on, rush upon, attack, happen to, come upon

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. Therefore, ἘΠΙΠΙΠΤΕΙ means 'to fall upon' or 'to fall on'. It can describe a physical action of falling onto something or someone, or it can be used metaphorically to describe something happening to someone, such as a fear or a disaster coming upon them, or an attack.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ

G1311

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-af-THAY-ras

Translations: having corrupted, having destroyed, having ruined, having spoiled, having defiled, having seduced

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has corrupted, destroyed, or ruined something. It can be used to describe the act of physical destruction, moral corruption, or even the seduction or defilement of someone.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G5318

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fah-neh-ROS

Translations: manifest, evident, visible, clear, apparent, known, a manifest thing, an evident thing

Notes: This word describes something that is visible, obvious, or clearly known. It refers to something that is revealed, made public, or easily perceived. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that is no longer hidden but has come into plain sight or understanding.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ, ΠΡΟΔΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: From φανός (phanos, 'light, bright') and related to φαίνω (phainō, 'to shine, appear'). It describes something that is brought to light or made to appear.

G4613

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-MOH-nee

Translations: (to) Simon

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Simon'. Simon was a very common name in the ancient world, particularly among Jews, and is borne by several significant figures in the Bible, including Simon Peter, Simon the Zealot, and Simon of Cyrene. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to Simon' or 'for Simon'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Simon is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Shim'on (שִׁמְעוֹן), meaning 'he has heard' or 'hearing'. It was a very common name among Jews during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G1964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-peh-SOHN

Translations: falling upon, having fallen upon, falling on, having fallen on

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epipiptō', meaning 'to fall upon' or 'to fall on'. It describes an action of falling or throwing oneself onto something or someone, often with emotion such as grief, joy, or supplication. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, on) and the verb 'piptō' (to fall).

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oos

Translations: enemies, hostile ones

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone. It is often used as a substantive noun to mean 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. In a sentence, it would typically describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΥΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word πόλεμος (polemos) means 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) is used to form adjectives indicating belonging or relation. Thus, πολεμίος means 'belonging to war' or 'hostile', and by extension, 'an enemy'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peks-AY-sin

Translations: go out against, march out, sally forth, come out, go out

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to go out against, march out, or sally forth, often with the implication of an attack or confrontation. It describes the action of moving out from a place, typically a fortified position, to engage with an opponent or to proceed with a specific purpose. It is used in contexts where someone or a group leaves a secure location to confront or pursue something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΙΗΜΙ is a compound of the prepositions ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, in addition'), ΕΞ (ex, 'out of'), and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (hiēmi, 'to send, let go, put in motion'). The combination signifies 'to send out upon' or 'to go out against'.

G3181

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NEE-ma-ta

Translations: devices, machines, contrivances, inventions, engines, instruments, mechanisms, implements, stratagems, plots, schemes

Notes: This word refers to mechanical devices, tools, or instruments. It can also denote cunning plans, stratagems, or inventions, highlighting the ingenuity involved in their creation. It is used in the plural form.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΑ, ΟΡΓΑΝΑ, ΤΕΧΝΑΣΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mēchanē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It refers to a means, instrument, or contrivance.

G2300

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: theh-ah-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: seeing, beholding, looking at, having seen, when he saw

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'theaomai'. It describes an action completed in the past, often translated as 'having seen' or 'when he saw/beheld'. It indicates the subject personally observed or contemplated something.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΟΡΩΝ, ΕΙΔΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'theaomai' comes from 'thea' (a sight, spectacle), which is related to 'theaomai' (to gaze at, behold). It implies a careful or deliberate observation.

G0618

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-peh-leel-IM-meh-non

Translations: taken away, received back, cut off, intercepted, surrounded, hemmed in

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb ἀπολαμβάνω (apolambanō), meaning 'to receive back' or 'to take away'. In its passive form, it describes something that has been taken away, received, or, in a more specific context, surrounded or cut off. It is often used to describe someone or something that has been intercepted or hemmed in by others.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΩΘΕΝ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΩΘΕΝ

G3694

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oh-PIS-then

Translations: behind, after, back, backward

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating position or direction. It means 'behind' in terms of location, or 'after' in terms of time or sequence. It can also refer to moving 'backward' or 'to the rear'. It is often used to describe something that follows or is located at the back of something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΩ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΝ

Etymology: From an assumed derivative of the preposition 'ὀπίσω' (opisō), meaning 'behind' or 'backwards'. It is related to the concept of 'seeing' or 'looking back'.

G4351

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-KEE-meh-noos

Translations: lying near, attached to, devoted to, belonging to, pressing upon, those lying near, those attached to, those devoted to, those belonging to, those pressing upon

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσκείμαι' (proskeimai), meaning 'to lie near' or 'to be attached to'. It describes something or someone that is situated close to, devoted to, or pressing upon another. It can refer to people who are allied with or belong to a particular group, or things that are physically close or pressing against something else. It is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and 'κείμαι' (keimai, meaning 'to lie' or 'to be placed').

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΣΥΝΗΜΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

G0002

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-thoo-MEE-ahn

Translations: despondency, discouragement, faint-heartedness, a despondency, a discouragement, a faint-heartedness

Notes: This word refers to a state of being without courage or spirit, often leading to sadness, despair, or a lack of enthusiasm. It describes a feeling of being disheartened or dispirited.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΗ, ΑΠΟΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΘΥΜΙΑ (athymia) is a compound word derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and θυμός (thymos), meaning 'spirit', 'courage', or 'passion'. Thus, it literally means 'without spirit' or 'lack of courage'.

G1271

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-noy-ahs

Translations: (of) mind, (of) understanding, (of) thought, (of) intellect, (of) disposition, (of) purpose

Notes: This word refers to the faculty of thinking, understanding, and feeling. It encompasses the intellect, the mind, and the moral disposition. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and 'νοῦς' (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It is used to describe the inner workings of a person's thoughts and intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

G1706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NEH-peh-sen

Translations: fell into, fell upon, rushed upon, attacked, encountered, fell, was cast

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb ἐμπίπτω (empiptō), which means 'to fall into' or 'to fall upon'. It describes an action of falling or rushing into something or someone, often with an implication of suddenness or force. It can be used literally for falling, or metaphorically for encountering a situation or attacking an enemy. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐν (en, 'in' or 'into') and the verb πίπτω (piptō, 'to fall').

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΙΣΠΙΠΤΩ

G0654

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-BAHN-tee

Translations: (to) having gone away, (to) having disembarked, (to) having turned out, (to) having resulted, (to) having come to pass

Notes: This word is a dative singular masculine or neuter participle derived from the verb ἀποβαίνω, meaning 'to go away from,' 'to disembark,' or 'to turn out/result.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or substantively, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action. For example, it could mean 'to the one who has gone away' or 'for the thing that has resulted.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΟΝΤΙ, ΑΦΙΚΟΜΕΝΩ

G4797

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: syng-khoo-THEYS

Translations: confused, confounded, thrown into confusion, stirred up, poured together, mixed up, disturbed, agitated, a confused one, a confounded one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συγχέω' (syncheō), meaning 'to pour together, mix up, confuse, or disturb'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been put into a state of confusion, agitation, or disorder. It can be used to describe a person who is bewildered or a situation that has become chaotic.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΑΝΑΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ

G3343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tep-EM-psan-toh

Translations: they sent for, they summoned, they called for

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from μετά (meta, 'with, after'), ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to'), and πέμπω (pempo, 'to send'). It means to send for someone or something, to summon, or to call for. It is used when a group of people initiates the action of having someone or something brought to them.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΠΕΜΠΩ is a compound verb. It combines the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb πέμπω (pempo), meaning 'to send'. The combination signifies sending for someone or something to come to oneself.

G656

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-KEEP-sen

Translations: fell upon, struck, descended upon, came down upon, hurled, cast down

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἀποσκήπτω (aposkēptō), which is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and σκήπτω (skēptō, meaning 'to lean,' 'to fall,' or 'to hurl'). It generally means to fall upon, strike, or descend upon something or someone, often with force or impact. It can describe a physical action or a metaphorical one, such as a disaster or judgment falling upon a place or people.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

G1818

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eks-ah-pa-TEE-koh-tas

Translations: having deceived, those who have deceived

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having deceived' or 'those who have deceived'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still relevant. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a verbal idea.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Accusative Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΔΟΛΙΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξαπατάω (exapataō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἀπατάω (apataō), meaning 'to deceive' or 'to cheat'. The prefix ἐκ intensifies the meaning of the verb, implying a complete or thorough deception.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BOO-leh-toh

Translations: he was wishing, he wanted, he intended, he purposed, he desired

Notes: This word is a verb that expresses a strong desire, intention, or purpose. It describes someone's will or resolve to do something. It is often used to indicate a deliberate choice or a settled intention, rather than a fleeting wish.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From the root ΒΟΥΛ-, related to will or counsel. It is connected to the concept of deliberate choice or decision.

G5053

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: teh-leoo-TAY-sas

Translations: having died, having finished, having ended, having completed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'teleutaō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, specifically 'dying' or 'finishing'. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject has performed the action of dying or completing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τελευτή (teleutḗ, “end, completion, death”), from τέλος (télos, “end, goal”).

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G2156

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-PREH-pos

Translations: becomingly, properly, decently, in a seemly manner, in good order

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "becomingly" or "properly." It describes an action that is done in a fitting, appropriate, or orderly way, often implying a sense of decorum or respectability. It indicates that something is done in a manner that is suitable or well-arranged.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΩΣ, ΕΥ̓ΤΑΚΤΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΠΡΕΠΩΣ (euprepōs) is an adverb derived from the adjective ΕΥ̓ΠΡΕΠΗΣ (euprepēs), meaning 'well-fitting, comely, seemly'. This adjective is a compound of ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΠΡΕΠΩ (prepō), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be suitable'.

G3129

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mah-THOHN

Translations: having learned, learning, when he learned, after learning

Notes: ΜΑΘΩΝ is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having learned' or 'after learning' something, indicating a completed action that leads to or explains the subsequent event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΝΟΥΣ, ΕΙΔΩΣ

G4243

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pres-VEV-eh-tai

Translations: is sent as an ambassador, is being negotiated, is being mediated, is being represented

Notes: This word describes the action of being an ambassador or envoy, or engaging in diplomatic negotiations. It is used when someone is sent on a mission, often to represent a group or to mediate an agreement. The form indicates that the subject is receiving the action (passive voice) or performing it for themselves (middle voice).

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G5373

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-LEE-as

Translations: of friendship, of affection, of love

Notes: This word refers to the bond of friendship, affection, or love between individuals. It describes a close relationship characterized by mutual regard and goodwill. In a sentence, it would typically indicate the nature of a relationship or the quality of affection, often appearing in a genitive construction to show possession or origin, such as 'the bond of friendship'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΣ, ΕΡΩΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΡΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΙΑ (philia) comes from the Greek word φίλος (philos), meaning 'beloved, dear, friendly'. It is related to the verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love, to be fond of'.

G4849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sym-ma-KHEE-as

Translations: of alliance, of a military alliance, of confederacy, of assistance in war

Notes: This word refers to a military alliance, a confederacy, or the act of providing assistance in war. It is often used in contexts describing agreements or partnerships between groups or nations for mutual defense or offense. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of an alliance' or 'concerning an alliance'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

G0591

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-PO-doh-sin

Translations: a giving back, payment, restitution, a rendering, a return

Notes: This word refers to the act of giving back, paying back, or rendering something that is due. It can also mean restitution or a return. It is used in contexts where something is being restored, repaid, or delivered.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΟΜΑ, ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidōmi), meaning 'to give back, pay back', which is formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and δίδωμι (didōmi, 'to give').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-LAY-fah-sin

Translations: they have taken, they have received, they have gotten

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'lambano', meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It is in the perfect tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It describes an action performed by a group of people (they). For example, 'they have taken the money' or 'they have received the message'.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G3543

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: noh-MEE-sas

Translations: having supposed, having thought, thinking, supposing, believing, considering

Notes: ΝΟΜΙΣΑΣ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΝΟΜΙΖΩ. It describes an action that was completed before the action of the main verb in the sentence. It means 'having supposed' or 'having thought', indicating that the subject formed an opinion or belief. It is often used to introduce a clause explaining the reason or basis for the main action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΙΖΩ comes from νόμος (nomos), meaning 'custom' or 'law'. It originally meant 'to do by custom' or 'to hold as a custom', and then evolved to mean 'to believe', 'to suppose', or 'to consider' in accordance with custom or general opinion.

G2158

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-preh-pes-TAH-teen

Translations: most beautiful, most comely, most fitting, most proper, most seemly, most appropriate

Notes: This word is an adjective in the superlative degree, meaning 'most beautiful,' 'most comely,' 'most fitting,' or 'most appropriate.' It describes something that is exceedingly well-suited, attractive, or proper in a given context. It is used to emphasize the highest degree of these qualities.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΛΙΣΤΗΝ, ὩΡΑΙΟΤΑΤΗΝ, ΠΡΕΠΩΔΕΣΤΑΤΗΝ

G4689

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SPEN-de-teh

Translations: is poured out, is offered as a drink offering, is made a libation, is sacrificed, is made, is concluded, is ratified

Notes: This word describes an action of pouring out, often in the context of a religious offering or libation. It can also refer to the act of making or concluding a treaty, truce, or covenant, implying a solemn agreement often sealed with a ritual pouring. It is used to describe something being offered or established.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΥΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΠΕΝΔΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to make a libation, to offer a sacrifice'. It is related to Latin spondeo ('to promise, to pledge').

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G240

Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun

Sounds like: al-LAY-lone

Translations: of one another, of each other

Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DOOS

Translations: having given back, having paid back, having restored, having rendered, having delivered, having given

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'apodidomi'. It describes an action of giving back, paying back, restoring, or rendering something that has already occurred. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates the subject has completed the action of giving something back or delivering it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3625

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-ooce

Translations: one's own, a relative, a member of one's household, a kinsman, a kinswoman, a domestic, a household member

Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to one's own household or family. It can refer to relatives, family members, or those who are part of one's domestic circle. It is often used to emphasize a close, personal connection, similar to 'one's own people' or 'those of one's own house'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΙΚΙΑΚΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: From οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The suffix -ειος indicates belonging or relation.

G1688

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-bal-en

Translations: he threw in, he cast in, he put in, he poured in, he inserted

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to throw in', 'to cast in', or 'to put in'. It describes the action of placing something inside another thing, often with force or intention. It is typically used in a past tense context, indicating an action that was completed.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-bo-MEH-nos

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized, laying hold of, having laid hold of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It often implies the action of 'taking hold of' or 'grasping' something, and can be translated as 'taking' or 'having taken' depending on the context. When followed by a genitive case, it means 'to lay hold of' or 'to seize'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-nos

Translations: making, doing, performing, creating, producing, causing

Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle derived from the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action that is ongoing or continuous. In the middle voice, it means 'making for oneself' or 'doing for oneself', emphasizing the subject's involvement in the action. In the passive voice, it means 'being made' or 'being done'. It often functions adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Case

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3181

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: MAKH-mas

Translations: Machmas, Michmash

Notes: Machmas is a proper noun referring to a town in ancient Israel, located north of Jerusalem. It is mentioned in the Old Testament as a significant site, particularly in the context of battles and historical events. It is often used in a locative sense, indicating a place where events occurred.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative

Etymology: The name Machmas is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Mikhmash' (מִכְמָשׂ). It refers to a specific geographical location.

G1256

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EE-peh

Translations: he spoke, he said, he conversed, he discoursed, he preached, he disputed

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, meaning to speak, converse, or discourse. It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that 'he' or 'she' spoke or discoursed on a particular matter.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'among', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It implies a back-and-forth or thorough discussion.

G2849