2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: klee-THEYS

Translations: having been called, being called, called, invited, summoned

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to invite'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics. It describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being called or invited. It is often used to indicate a state or condition resulting from being called, such as 'the one who was called' or 'having been summoned'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΛΗΘΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙΚΛΗΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (to shout, call).

G1354

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dee-OH-noo-soss

Translations: Dionysus

Notes: Dionysus is the name of the Greek god of wine, winemaking, grape cultivation, fertility, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, and theater. He is often depicted with a thyrsus (a fennel staff topped with ivy and a pinecone) and accompanied by maenads and satyrs. In ancient Greek religion, he was a significant deity, central to various cults and festivals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek Διόνυσος (Diónusos), a name of uncertain origin, possibly related to Zeus (Διός, Diós) and Nysa (Νῦσα), a mythical mountain where he was raised.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOS

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow countryman, kinsman, fellow believer

Notes: This word refers to a brother, either by birth or by a close familial or social bond. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ἙΤΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fee-LIP-poo

Translations: (of) Philip

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Philip'. It refers to a person named Philip and is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of Philip' or 'Philip's'. It is a common name found in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament and historical writings.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Greek Φίλιππος (Philippos), meaning 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses', derived from φίλος (philos, 'dear, beloved, loving') and ἵππος (hippos, 'horse').

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G04788

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-tee-poy-OO-meh-nos

Translations: claiming, aspiring to, contending for, one who claims, one who aspires to

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ἀντιποιέω (antipoieō), meaning 'to claim for oneself,' 'to aspire to,' or 'to contend for.' It is a compound word formed from ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for,' and ποιέω (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do.' When used, it describes someone who is actively asserting a claim or striving to obtain something, often with a sense of rivalry or opposition.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1468

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eng-KRAH-tays

Translations: self-controlled, temperate, continent, master of, in possession of, a self-controlled person

Notes: This word describes someone who has mastery over themselves, particularly their desires, passions, or appetites. It implies self-control, temperance, or continence. It can also be used to mean being 'in possession of' or 'master of' something, indicating a firm grasp or control over an object or situation.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΩΝ, ἘΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'having power within' or 'having power over oneself'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G1622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-strah-TEF-san-tos

Translations: having marched out, having gone on an expedition, having campaigned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ekstrateuō', meaning 'to march out' or 'to go on a military expedition'. It describes an action that has already been completed by the subject. It is often used in historical or military contexts to refer to armies or leaders setting out for war or a campaign.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'ekstrateuō' is a compound word formed from 'ek' (out of, from) and 'strateuō' (to make war, to serve in the army). 'Strateuō' itself comes from 'stratos' (an army, an encampment).

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PHI-lip-pos

Translations: Philip

Notes: This is a masculine proper name, commonly translated as Philip. It refers to several individuals in ancient history, including apostles, kings, and other notable figures. It is used in sentences as the subject of a verb or as a direct object, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Φίλιππος (Philippos) is of Greek origin, derived from the words φίλος (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'lover', and ἵππος (hippos), meaning 'horse'. Thus, it literally means 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-ta-LE-lip-to

Translations: it had been left, it was left, it had been abandoned, it was abandoned

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb καταλείπω (kataleipō). It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, specifically that something 'had been left' or 'had been abandoned'. It is often used to indicate that something remains or is left behind after others have departed or after a certain event.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΑΩ

Etymology: The word καταλείπω (kataleipō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon'.

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kras

Translations: top, highest, extreme, outermost, tip, summit, edge, end, a top, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, highest point, or extreme edge. It can refer to the tip of an object, the summit of a mountain, or the outermost part of something. It is often used to denote the extreme or ultimate degree of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΝ, ΚΟΡΥΦΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'ἀκή' (akē), meaning 'a point' or 'edge'. It refers to the extreme point or summit of something.

G1154

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dah-mas-kay-NOHN

Translations: of Damascus, Damascene, of the Damascenes

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Damascene' or 'belonging to Damascus'. It is used to describe something or someone from the city of Damascus. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating 'of the Damascenes' or 'of the people of Damascus', often referring to the land or people associated with the city.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word is derived from ΔΑΜΑΣΚΟΣ (Damaskos), the Greek name for the city of Damascus. The suffix -ηνός (-ēnos) is used to form adjectives indicating origin or belonging.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-DON-tos

Translations: of having delivered, of having handed over, of having betrayed, of having committed, of having entrusted, of having given up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραδίδωμι', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to commit', or 'to betray'. As a genitive participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or cause of an action, similar to 'when he had delivered' or 'because he had handed over'. It describes an action completed in the past relative to the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G0884

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KHA-ris-tos

Translations: ungrateful, unthankful, thankless, ungracious, unlovely

Notes: This word describes someone who does not show gratitude or appreciation. It can also refer to something that is unpleasant or unlovely. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'χάρις' (charis) meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. It is used to describe a person or an action that lacks grace or thankfulness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΓΝΩΜΩΝ, ἈΧΑΡΙΣ

Etymology: From the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'χάρις' (charis) meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. It literally means 'without grace' or 'without favor'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G1679

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-pee-SAS

Translations: having hoped, having expected, having trusted, having relied on

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It conveys the sense of someone who has already performed the action of hoping or expecting.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΣΑΣ

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEK-sah-toh

Translations: he received, she received, it received, he accepted, she accepted, it accepted, he took, she took, it took

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb 'δέχομαι'. It means 'he/she/it received', 'accepted', or 'took'. It describes an action that was completed in the past. It can be used in contexts of receiving guests, accepting teachings, or taking something into possession.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3930

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-as-KHOHN

Translations: having provided, having supplied, having offered, having granted, having caused, having presented, having given, having afforded

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to offer'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is completed. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of providing or supplying something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'the one having provided the food' or 'he, having offered help, departed'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΠΟΙΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G5401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHOH-boh

Translations: (to) fear, (to) dread, (to) reverence, (to) awe, fear, dread, reverence, awe, a fear, a dread

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos), meaning 'fear', 'dread', 'reverence', or 'awe'. In the dative case, it often indicates the means by which something is done, or the object to which the fear is directed. For example, it can be translated as 'by fear' or 'with fear', or 'to fear' when used with verbs that imply an object of fear or reverence. It can also denote the state of being in fear or awe.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee' or 'to be afraid'. It is related to verbs of fleeing and being put to flight.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-lee-THAYS

Translations: having willed, having desired, having purposed, having intended, having wished, having chosen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι' (boulomai), meaning 'to will, to wish, to desire, to intend, or to purpose'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates that the subject has made a deliberate choice or formed a strong intention to do something. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He, having willed, went to the city,' indicating his deliberate decision to go.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΗΣΑΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΗΣΑΣ

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-lah-BEIN

Translations: to receive, to take along, to take over, to take aside, to take, to accept

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'παραλαμβάνω'. It means to receive something, to take someone or something along with oneself, or to take over a task or position. It can also imply taking something into one's possession or accepting it. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (beside, with) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take, to receive).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'παραλαμβάνω' is a compound of the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1431

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doh-ROO-meh-nos

Translations: giving, bestowing, presenting, one who gives

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'δωρέω' (dōreō), meaning 'to give freely' or 'to bestow'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject performing the action for themselves or on their own behalf, while in the passive voice, it indicates the subject receiving the action. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, modifying a verb.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present, Middle or Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G5534

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-RAIN

Translations: it was necessary, it was fitting, ought, should have

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form, meaning 'it was necessary' or 'it was fitting'. It describes something that was obligatory or proper in the past. Often, when used in the imperfect tense like this, it implies that the necessary or fitting action did not actually occur, or that something should have happened but didn't.

Inflection: Impersonal, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΕΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete verb χράω (chraō), meaning 'to need' or 'to desire'.

G5283

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pop-TEH-yoo-eh-toh

Translations: was suspected, was distrusted, was regarded with suspicion, was feared

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to suspect,' 'to distrust,' or 'to regard with suspicion.' It is often used to describe a situation where someone or something is viewed with doubt or apprehension, or when a person is under suspicion for an action. It can also imply a sense of fear or apprehension about something.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΝΟΕΩ, ΥΠΟΒΛΕΠΩ

G1601

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-PIP-tee

Translations: falls out, falls away, perishes, fails, is cast out, is driven out, is shipwrecked

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning "out of" or "from," and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning "to fall." It generally means "to fall out" or "to fall away." It can be used to describe something literally falling, or metaphorically, such as a plan failing, a person losing their position, or a ship being driven off course (shipwrecked).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

G1154

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dah-mas-KOO

Translations: of Damascus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Damascus', referring to the ancient city in Syria. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Damascus' or 'Damascus'' in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the king of Damascus' or 'the people of Damascus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Damascus' is of ancient Semitic origin, possibly meaning 'well-watered place'. It has been continuously inhabited for millennia and is one of the oldest cities in the world.

G1841

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-or-MEE-san-tos

Translations: having rushed out, having set out, having started forth, having sallied forth

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'exormaō', meaning 'to rush out' or 'to set out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the cause or time of another action, such as 'when he had rushed out' or 'because he had set out'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΗΜΕΩ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2462

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hip-po-DRO-mon

Translations: hippodrome, a hippodrome, racecourse, a racecourse

Notes: This is a compound word, formed from 'ἵππος' (hippos), meaning 'horse', and 'δρόμος' (dromos), meaning 'a course' or 'a running'. It refers to an ancient Greek stadium or arena used for horse racing and chariot racing. It is typically used to denote the specific location where such races take place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ΙΠΠΟΔΡΟΜΟΣ' is derived from the Ancient Greek 'ἵππος' (hippos, 'horse') and 'δρόμος' (dromos, 'course' or 'running'). It literally means 'horse-running place'.

G0616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pek-LEI-sen

Translations: shut out, closed off, locked away, he shut out, she shut out, it shut out

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κλείω (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close'. Therefore, ἀποκλείω means 'to shut away', 'to close off', or 'to lock out'. The form ἀπεκλεῖσεν is the third person singular aorist active indicative, indicating a completed action in the past by a single subject (he, she, or it). It describes the action of someone or something shutting or locking something away or out.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΩ, ΣΥΓΚΛΕΙΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀποκλείω is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κλείω (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close'.

G1314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-fyoo-LAX-en

Translations: preserved, kept safe, guarded, protected

Notes: This word is a compound verb, combining the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', with the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep'. Therefore, διαφυλάσσω means 'to guard thoroughly', 'to keep safe', or 'to preserve completely'. It is used to describe the act of protecting someone or something from harm or danger, ensuring their safety or continued existence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΣΩΖΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sen

Translations: returned, went back, came back

Notes: This word means 'returned' or 'went back'. It describes the action of someone or something going back to a previous place or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HOP-lee-tays

Translations: to hoplites, for hoplites, to soldiers, for soldiers, hoplites, soldiers

Notes: This word refers to heavily armed foot soldiers, characteristic of ancient Greek warfare. It is a compound word, derived from 'ὅπλον' (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor'. In this form, it is used in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object of an action, such as 'to' or 'for' hoplites.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΑΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΑΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ (hoplites) comes from ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor', referring to the heavy armor and shield (hoplon) carried by these soldiers.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G1167

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DEE-sas

Translations: having feared, fearing, being afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of fearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΙΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΗΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δείδω' (deidō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to be afraid' or 'to flee'. It is related to words signifying dread or flight.

G220

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

G2198

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-fo-don

Translations: attack, assault, approach, a visit, an incursion, a going to

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'ὁδός' (way, road). It refers to a going to or an approach, often with the connotation of an attack or assault, especially in a military context. It can also mean a visit or an incursion. It is used to describe the act of moving towards something or someone, often with a specific purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΕΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ, ΕΠΙΔΡΟΜΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔφοδος (ephodos), from ἐπί (epi, “upon, to”) + ὁδός (hodos, “way, road”).

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KHAH-ber-SAH-bah

Translations: Chabersaba, Antipatris

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a specific place or city. The provided context indicates that this location was later known as Antipatris. It would be used in sentences to refer to the origin or destination of an action, or as a geographical reference point.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of a Semitic place name into Greek. Its precise etymology beyond that is not readily available in standard Greek lexicons.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ar-KSA-meh-nos

Translations: beginning, having begun, starting, having started, from

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'archō', meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already started or is in the process of starting. It often indicates the point from which something originates or commences, or the person who initiates an action. It can be translated as 'beginning', 'having begun', or 'from' when indicating a starting point.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΡΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEE-tai

Translations: is called, is named, is invited

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present, passive indicative form of the verb 'to call' or 'to name'. It is used to indicate that someone or something is referred to by a particular name or title, or that they are summoned or invited. For example, 'He is called John' or 'It is named Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin 'calare' (to call out) and English 'hail'.

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, unto, even to

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' and is typically followed by the genitive case. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while', introducing a clause that specifies a time limit. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It denotes a point or period that something reaches or continues.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G2008

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-EE-ma-khon

Translations: disputed, controversial, debatable, assailable, a disputed thing

Notes: This word describes something that is open to attack, dispute, or controversy. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, against) and 'μάχη' (battle, fight), literally meaning 'that which is fought over' or 'that which can be attacked'. It is used to describe a place, an argument, or a situation that is vulnerable or contentious.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΣΒΗΤΗΣΙΜΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΜΑΧΟΣ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the noun μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It describes something that is 'upon' or 'for' battle, hence 'disputed' or 'assailable'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-GAY-rass

Translations: having raised, having awakened, having stirred up, the one who raised, the one who awakened

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἘΓΕΙΡΩ', meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often translates to 'having raised' or 'the one who raised', indicating someone who performed the action of raising or awakening.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From an assumed root *eger-, meaning 'to collect, gather'.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nas-TAY-sas

Translations: having raised, having stood up, having caused to rise, having restored, having built, having set up

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has performed the action of raising, standing up, or causing something to rise. It can refer to raising someone from the dead, causing a building or monument to be erected, or simply standing up oneself. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΑΣ, ΟΡΘΩΣΑΣ, ΑΝΟΡΘΩΣΑΣ

G4712

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sta-DEE-oos

Translations: stadia, furlongs, race-courses, a stadium, a furlong, a race-course

Notes: This word refers to a stadium or a race-course, which was a common venue for athletic contests in ancient times. It also serves as a unit of measurement, specifically a 'stadium' or 'furlong,' which was approximately 600 Greek feet or about 185 meters (607 feet). It is used to indicate distance, often in the plural to denote multiple units of this measure.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Ancient Greek στάδιον (stadion), referring to a fixed standard of length, especially the length of a race-course. It is related to ἵστημι (histēmi, “to stand”).

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khon

Translations: Antiochus

Notes: Antiochus is a common Greek proper name, frequently used for kings of the Seleucid Empire and other historical figures. In this form, it is the direct object of a verb or preposition, indicating the person 'Antiochus' is receiving the action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'Ἀντίοχος' (Antíochos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound of 'ἀντί' (antí, 'against, in return for') and 'ἔχω' (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

G1750

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-PREE-sas

Translations: having burned, having set on fire, having consumed by fire

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that someone or something has already performed the act of burning or setting something ablaze. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a causal or temporal relationship, such as 'because he burned' or 'after he burned'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative, Singular, Masculine, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΠΟΛΕΩ

G1228

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-bee-BAH-zeh

Translations: was crossing over, was transporting, was conveying, was bringing across

Notes: This word describes the action of causing something or someone to cross over or pass through from one side to another. It implies a continuous or repeated action in the past, such as transporting an army or conveying goods across a river or border. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΒΙΒΑΖΩ (bibazo), meaning 'to cause to go' or 'to step'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΠΕΡΑΩ, ΔΙΑΓΩ, ΔΙΑΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb ΔΙΑΒΙΒΑΖΩ is formed from the prefix ΔΙΑ- (dia-), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΒΙΒΑΖΩ (bibazo), meaning 'to cause to go' or 'to step'. ΒΙΒΑΖΩ itself is related to ΒΑΙΝΩ (baino), 'to go'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G0325

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-na-khoh-ROON-tos

Translations: of withdrawing, of departing, of going away, of retiring, of leaving, of retreating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ἀναχωρέω (anachōreō), meaning 'to withdraw,' 'to depart,' or 'to go away.' As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating an action happening concurrently with the main verb, and can be translated as 'while withdrawing,' 'as he was departing,' or 'when he retired.' It describes the action of someone or something moving away from a place or situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΝΑΛΥΩ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-tah

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, first things, firstly, at first, before

Notes: This word can function as an adjective or an adverb. As an adjective, it means 'first,' 'foremost,' 'chief,' or 'principal,' referring to something that is initial in time, order, or importance. In its neuter plural form, it can refer to 'the first things.' As an adverb, it means 'firstly,' 'at first,' or 'before,' indicating the initial action or position in a sequence.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΝ, ΠΡΩΤΩΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1810

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eks-AIF-nees

Translations: suddenly, unexpectedly, at once

Notes: This word is an adverb that describes an action or event happening without warning or preparation. It indicates an abrupt and unforeseen occurrence, similar to how one might say 'all of a sudden' in English. It is used to emphasize the suddenness of something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑἸΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ἈΦΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΞΑΙΦΝΗΣ is an adverb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and the noun αἴφνης (aiphnes, 'suddenness'), which itself is related to ἄφνω (aphno, 'suddenly'). It conveys the sense of something emerging 'out of suddenness'.

G2014

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-fah-NEN-tos

Translations: (of) having appeared, (of) having been manifested, (of) having shone forth

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epiphaino', meaning 'to appear' or 'to shine upon'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. In this form, it indicates someone or something that has appeared or been made manifest.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΝΤΟΣ, ΔΕΙΧΘΕΝΤΟΣ

G5221

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pan-TEE-sas

Translations: meeting, encountering, going to meet, having met, when he met

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'hypantao', meaning 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main verb's action. For example, it can be translated as 'having met' or 'when he met', describing someone who performed the action of meeting.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G3528

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: nee-KOHN

Translations: conquering, overcoming, victorious, prevailing

Notes: ΝΙΚΩΝ is a present active participle derived from the verb ΝΙΚΑΩ, meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can mean 'one who is conquering' or 'while conquering'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine/Feminine/Neuter, Nominative/Accusative/Genitive/Dative (depending on context, as it is a common form for various cases and genders)

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΩΝ

G3877

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-boh-ay-THON

Translations: helping alongside, coming to the aid of, assisting, succoring, one who helps, he who helps

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'παραβοηθέω' (paraboētheō), meaning 'to help alongside' or 'to come to the aid of'. It describes an action of providing assistance or succor. As a participle, it can function adjectivally (describing someone who is helping) or substantively (referring to 'the one who helps'). It implies an action of coming to someone's side to offer aid.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΩΝ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'παραβοηθέω' is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'βοηθέω' (boētheō), meaning 'to come to aid' or 'to help'. The root 'βοηθέω' itself comes from 'βοή' (boē), meaning 'a cry' or 'a shout', and 'θέω' (theō), meaning 'to run'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of 'running to a cry for help'.

G3866

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: po-NOO-n-tee

Translations: toiling, laboring, suffering, being in pain, working hard, to one toiling, to one laboring, to one suffering, to one being in pain, to one working hard

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'πονέω' (poneō), meaning 'to toil,' 'to labor,' 'to suffer,' or 'to be in pain.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is currently engaged in the action of toiling or suffering. In this dative singular form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the person to whom something is happening, specifically 'to one who is toiling' or 'to one who is suffering.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΜΝΟΝΤΙ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΩ

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: peh-SON-tos

Translations: having fallen, of one who has fallen, of having fallen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. As a genitive singular participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having fallen' or 'of one who has fallen'. It functions adjectivally or substantively, indicating the possessor or source of something related to the act of falling.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΠΤΩΣΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khoo

Translations: of Antiochus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Antiochus, a common name among Hellenistic kings and other notable figures, particularly in the Seleucid Empire. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Antiochus' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek Ἀντίοχος (Antíokhos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound name derived from ἀντί (antí, 'against, in front of') and ἔχω (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEV-mah

Translations: army, a body of troops, a troop, a soldier

Notes: This word refers to an army, a body of soldiers, or a military force. It can also refer to an individual soldier within such a force. It is used to describe a group of armed men organized for warfare or military service.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ is derived from the verb στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to serve as a soldier', which in turn comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army'.

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-main

Translations: village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a village or a small town, typically an unfortified settlement smaller than a city. It is used to denote a rural community or a collection of dwellings outside of a major urban center. In a sentence, it would often be used to indicate a destination or location, such as 'they went to the village' or 'he lived in a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'settlement' or 'unfortified dwelling'. It is related to Latin 'pagus' (country district, village) and English 'home'.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-ee-on

Translations: more, greater, longer, a longer time, the majority, the greater part, a greater thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πλείων' (pleiōn), meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, degree, or duration of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a neuter noun, or as an adverb meaning 'more' or 'longer'. When used with a definite article, it can mean 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G5351

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FTHAY-reh-tai

Translations: is corrupted, is destroyed, perishes, decays, is ruined, is wasted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to corrupt, destroy, ruin, or cause to perish. In its passive or middle voice, as seen here, it means to be corrupted, to be destroyed, to perish, or to decay. It describes a process of decay, ruin, or moral corruption, often implying a gradual deterioration or a state of being ruined.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-ON-tone

Translations: of having, of holding, of possessing, of those who have, of those who hold, of those who possess

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the genitive plural, it often translates as 'of those who have' or 'of the ones possessing', indicating possession or a characteristic of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3402

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEE-sos

Translations: hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to the strong feeling of intense dislike or ill will towards someone or something. It is often used to describe animosity or enmity. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, for example, 'their hatred' or 'he felt hatred'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΑΠΕΧΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΟΣ comes from the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G4754

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: strah-TEV-sas

Translations: having campaigned, having served as a soldier, having gone to war, having made war

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to campaign' or 'to serve as a soldier'. It describes an action that has already been completed by the subject. It is often used to indicate that someone has undertaken a military expedition or engaged in warfare.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word στρατεύω (strateuō) comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khee

Translations: battle, fight, conflict, a battle, a fight, a conflict

Notes: This word refers to a physical combat or a struggle, often involving a clash of opposing forces. It can describe a literal battle or a more general conflict or dispute. It is used to denote an engagement between individuals or groups.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power, to fight'. It is related to words signifying strength or combat.

G3528

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: nee-KAY-sas

Translations: having conquered, having overcome, having prevailed, having won

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'νικάω' (nikao), meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed prior to the main verb in the sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb by indicating that the subject has performed the action of conquering.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ

G0402

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ekh-OH-ray-sen

Translations: withdrew, departed, went away, retired, returned

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'. Together, it means to withdraw, depart, or go back from a place or person. It is often used to describe someone leaving a location, either to retreat, to go to a private place, or simply to move away.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ὙΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχωρέω is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'. The root χωρέω comes from χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'space' or 'place'.

G1643

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-LA-sas

Translations: having driven, having marched, having ridden, having pushed, having rowed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἐλαύνω. It describes an action completed in the past, performed by the subject, and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It can mean 'having driven' (e.g., a chariot, an animal), 'having marched' (e.g., an army), 'having ridden' (e.g., a horse), 'having pushed', or 'having rowed' (e.g., a boat). Its meaning often depends on the context of what is being driven or moved.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

G0861

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OW-this

Translations: again, anew, back, once more, furthermore, on the other hand

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'anew'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a contrasting idea, similar to 'furthermore' or 'on the other hand'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΤΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek αὖθις (authis), meaning 'again', 'back again'. It is related to αὖ (au), meaning 'again', 'furthermore'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, on account of, because of, during, with, by means of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that indicates movement through something, the means by which something is done, or the reason for something. It can also function as an adverb. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'through' or 'by means of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'on account of' or 'because of'. The form 'ΔΙΑΝ' is an elided form of 'ΔΙΑ' (dia) before a word beginning with a vowel, often followed by an 'ν' (nu) for euphony, or it could be a numerical symbol for 14. In the provided examples, it appears to be part of the compound word 'ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ' (dianoia), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding', or 'ΔΙΑΝΟΙΞΟΥΣΙΝ' (dianoixousin), meaning 'they will open'.

Inflection: This is an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), often occurring before a vowel, sometimes with an added nu-movable. It does not inflect for case, gender, or number itself, but governs the case of the noun it precedes (genitive or accusative). It can also represent the number 14.

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dis- 'apart, asunder', which is also the source of Latin dis- and English dis-.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: A-ree

Translations: he takes, she takes, it takes, he lifts, she lifts, it lifts, he carries, she carries, it carries, he removes, she removes, it removes

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to take, lift, carry, or remove. It is used to describe an action where something is picked up, carried away, or taken possession of. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying either a physical act of lifting or a more abstract act of taking away or choosing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΠΑΙΡΩ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-stoo

Translations: of most, of greatest, of very much, of very many, of the most, of the greatest

Notes: ΠΛΕΙΣΤΟΥ is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the adjective πλεῖστος (pleistos), which is the superlative of πολύς (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. It indicates the highest degree of quantity or number. It is used to express 'of the most' or 'of the greatest' in a given context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΥ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word πλεῖστος (pleistos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is the superlative form of πολύς (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BAH-ee-nen

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it resulted, it turned out, it befell

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (to go). It means 'to go together with' or 'to come together', and by extension, 'to happen', 'to occur', or 'to turn out'. It describes an event or outcome that takes place, often implying a natural or logical consequence. It is frequently used impersonally, as in 'it happened that...' or 'it came to pass that...'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Its meaning evolved from 'to go together' to 'to come to pass' or 'to happen'.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-BAL-lee

Translations: he throws around, he puts on, he clothes, he surrounds, he encompasses, he casts about

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It generally means to throw something around, to put on clothing, or to surround/encompass something. It can be used literally for putting on garments or metaphorically for surrounding someone with something, like a net or a difficult situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-MAH-khee

Translations: without a fight, without battle, peacefully

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'without a fight' or 'peacefully'. It describes an action that occurs without conflict or opposition. It is formed from the Greek word for 'battle' (μάχη) with the addition of the privative alpha (α-) indicating absence, and the adverbial suffix (-ι).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥ ΜΑΧΗΣ, ΕΙΡΗΝΙΚΩΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek noun μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight', combined with the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and the adverbial suffix -ι (-i).

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G1849

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-OR-may-sen

Translations: rushed out, set out, departed, went forth

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to rush out, set out, or depart, often with a sense of urgency or force. It describes an action of moving quickly from one place to another, typically from within to without. It can be used to describe people or animals setting forth on a journey or an attack.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΈΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἘΚΒΑΊΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΎΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΞΟΡΜΆΩ (exhormaō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ὉΡΜΆΩ (hormaō), meaning 'to set in motion', 'to rush', or 'to urge on'.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eks-EYE-len

Translations: he took in addition, he took besides, he took also, he seized in addition, he seized besides

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes 'πρός' (pros, meaning 'to, toward, in addition') and 'ἐξ' (ex, meaning 'out of, from'), combined with the verb 'αἱρέω' (haireō, meaning 'to take, seize, choose'). The combined meaning is 'to take out in addition' or 'to seize in addition'. It describes an action where something is taken or seized, with the added nuance of it being an additional item or action to what was previously done.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-REE-on

Translations: fortress, a fortress, stronghold, a stronghold, garrison, a garrison

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, stronghold, or a place where a military garrison is stationed. It is used to describe a secure and defensible structure, often built for protection or as a military base.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard, to watch over', which itself comes from φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard'. Thus, it denotes a place that is guarded or watched over.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khon-tee

Translations: to a ruler, to the ruler, to a chief, to the chief, to a leader, to the leader, to a prince, to the prince, to a magistrate, to the magistrate

Notes: This word refers to a ruler, chief, leader, prince, or magistrate. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' someone. It signifies a person in a position of authority or power.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΩΝ comes from the verb ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to begin'. It refers to one who rules or is first in rank.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-doo-sen

Translations: sank around, plunged around, submerged, put on, clothed

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'περιδύω'. It means to sink around, plunge around, or submerge. In some contexts, it can also mean to put on or clothe, especially in the sense of something enveloping or surrounding. It describes an action completed in the past by a single subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΥΩ, ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΒΑΠΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'περιδύω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb 'δύω' (dyo), meaning 'to enter', 'to sink', or 'to set'.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pep-lay-RO-koss

Translations: having fulfilled, having completed, having filled, having made full

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It describes someone who has brought something to completion, filled something up, or made something full. It is often used to describe the fulfillment of prophecy or a task.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΑΝΑΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΟΩ

G2159

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-pra-GHEE-an

Translations: good fortune, prosperity, success, a good deed, a good action

Notes: This word refers to a state of well-being, prosperity, or good fortune. It can also denote a successful outcome or a virtuous action. It is used to describe situations where things go well or actions that are beneficial and commendable.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΗΜΕΡΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΤΥΧΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΠΟΙΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὐπραγία (eupragía), from εὖ (eu, 'well') + πράσσω (prássō, 'to do, to fare'). It literally means 'well-doing' or 'well-faring'.

G1209

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-KHO-meh-nohn

Translations: receiving, accepting, taking, welcoming, of those receiving, of those accepting, of those taking, of those welcoming

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dechomai', meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. As a participle, it describes an action being performed by a noun, functioning similarly to an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to 'those who are receiving' or 'of those who are receiving', indicating a plural, active, and ongoing action of reception or acceptance.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khon

Translations: had, were having, possessed, held

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe an action that was happening over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they had' or 'they were holding'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-LAS-say

Translations: sea, a sea, (to) the sea, (in) the sea

Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as the ocean or a large lake. In its dative form, as seen here, it often indicates location ('in the sea') or direction/recipient ('to the sea'). It is commonly used in ancient texts to describe literal bodies of water, but can also be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΛΑΣΣΑ is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of Greek speakers. Its precise etymological roots are uncertain, but it is thought to be related to other words describing the sea or watery environments.

G1047

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zan

Translations: Gaza, a treasure, treasure

Notes: This word can refer to two distinct things: the city of Gaza, a significant city in ancient Philistia, or a store of wealth, a treasury, or treasure itself. When referring to the city, it is a proper noun. When referring to treasure, it is a common noun. Its meaning depends entirely on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'Γάζα' (Gaza) as a proper noun for the city is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning 'strong' or 'fortress'. As a common noun meaning 'treasure', it is believed to be of Persian origin, referring to the royal treasury.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ree-no-ko-ROO-ra

Translations: mutilation of the nose, a mutilation of the nose

Notes: This is a compound noun referring to the act of mutilating or cutting off the nose. It describes a specific form of disfigurement or punishment. It would be used in sentences to describe such an act or the state of having one's nose mutilated.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of ῥίς (rhis), meaning 'nose', and κορούρα (koroura), which relates to cutting or mutilation. It describes the act of cutting off or mutilating the nose.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-ee-an

Translations: Samaria

Notes: This word refers to Samaria, a historical and biblical region in the ancient Near East, located in the central highlands of the Land of Israel. It was the capital city of the northern Kingdom of Israel and later a Roman province. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating motion towards or extension over a place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It refers to the hill on which the city of Samaria was built.

G4656

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: skoo-thoh-PO-lin

Translations: Scythopolis

Notes: Scythopolis was an ancient city in the Decapolis region, located in what is now northern Israel. It was originally known as Beth Shean. The name 'Scythopolis' means 'City of the Scythians,' suggesting a historical connection to Scythian mercenaries or settlers. It is a compound word formed from 'Σκύθης' (Scythian) and 'πόλις' (city).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Scythopolis' is derived from the Greek words 'Σκύθης' (Skúthēs), meaning 'Scythian,' and 'πόλις' (pólis), meaning 'city.' It refers to the city formerly known as Beth Shean, which was renamed during the Hellenistic period, possibly due to the settlement of Scythian mercenaries there.

G1045

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GA-da-ra

Translations: Gadara

Notes: Gadara was an ancient city in the Roman Decapolis, located southeast of the Sea of Galilee. It was known for its hot springs and was a center of Greek culture. In the New Testament, it is mentioned in connection with Jesus' ministry, specifically the healing of demon-possessed men.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Etymology: The origin of the name 'Gadara' is uncertain, but it is believed to be of Semitic origin, possibly related to a word meaning 'fortress' or 'enclosure'.

G1137

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-oo-lah-NEE-tee-das

Translations: Gaulanitis, of Gaulanitis

Notes: This word refers to Gaulanitis, a region east of the Sea of Galilee, in what is now the Golan Heights. It is a proper noun used to denote the geographical area. The form ΓΑΥΛΑΝΙΤΙΔΑΣ is the genitive singular or accusative plural of the feminine noun ΓΑΥΛΑΝΙΤΙΣ.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Plural, Accusative

Etymology: The name 'Gaulanitis' is derived from the city of Golan (Γαυλών), which was a city of refuge in ancient Israel, located in the region.

G2077

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: HAY-seh-bōn

Translations: Heshbon

Notes: Heshbon is a proper noun referring to an ancient city located east of the Jordan River, in the territory of Moab. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament as a significant city, often associated with the Amorites and later with the tribes of Reuben and Gad. It is used in sentences to denote the specific geographical location.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name Heshbon is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word חֶשְׁבּוֹן (Ḥešbōn), meaning 'reckoning' or 'invention'. It refers to an ancient city in Transjordan.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: LEM-bah

Translations: Lemba

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely referring to a place name. It is not a common word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons or the Septuagint, and its meaning or exact location is uncertain without further context. It might be a transliteration of a foreign place name or a very obscure geographical reference.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The etymology of this specific word is unknown, as it does not appear to be a standard Greek word but rather a transliteration or a very rare proper noun.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: oh-ROH-nah-ee-mah-geh-LEH-thohn

Translations: Oronaimagelethon

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a place name, possibly a variant or corrupted form of a known biblical or ancient geographical location. It is not a standard Koine Greek word found in common lexicons. Given the surrounding context of other place names like Moab, Heshbon, Medeba, and Zoara, it is almost certainly a geographical reference. It's not clear what this word means, but it could be a garbled or badly misspelled name.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The etymology of this word is unknown, as it does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek term. It is likely a transliteration or a corrupted form of a foreign place name.

G2226

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: zoh-AH-rah

Translations: Zoara, Zoar

Notes: Zoara is a proper noun, referring to an ancient city mentioned in the Old Testament. It was one of the five 'cities of the plain' in the Jordan Valley, near the Dead Sea, and is notable as the city to which Lot fled during the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. It is consistently used as a geographical name.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Etymology: The name Zoara is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Tso'ar' (צֹעַר), meaning 'smallness' or 'insignificance'. It was given this name by Lot, who requested it be spared because it was a 'little one'.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-KAP-sen

Translations: demolished, razed, destroyed, tore down, overthrew

Notes: This verb means to demolish, raze, or tear down completely. It implies a thorough destruction, often of structures or cities. It is used to describe the act of utterly destroying something, leaving it in ruins.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΞΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σκάπτω (skaptō), meaning 'to dig' or 'to excavate'. Thus, it literally means 'to dig down' or 'to dig up', leading to the sense of demolishing or razing.

G5293

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pos-kho-MEH-non

Translations: promising, having promised, of those promising, of those having promised

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to promise' or 'to undertake'. It describes an action of promising that has already occurred or is ongoing, and it functions adjectivally or substantively in a sentence. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of those who promise' or 'of those who have promised'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine, Middle Voice, Aorist

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΙΔΟΝΤΩΝ, ΟΜΝΥΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ὑπισχνέομαι (hypischneomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in secret', and the verb ἴσχω (ischō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to have'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under an obligation' or 'to undertake'.

G1774

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: en-oy-KOON-tone

Translations: of those dwelling in, of those inhabiting, of those residing in

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'enoikeō', meaning 'to dwell in' or 'to inhabit'. As a genitive plural participle, it typically refers to 'those who dwell in' or 'those who inhabit' something, often used to describe the inhabitants of a place. It functions like a noun in this form, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G3965

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pat-ree-AH

Translations: family, clan, lineage, ancestry, a family, a clan

Notes: This word refers to a family, clan, or lineage, emphasizing the descent from a common father or ancestor. It can denote a group of people related by blood, a tribe, or a nation. It is often used in contexts describing genealogical lines or the divisions of a people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It refers to a group descended from a common father or ancestor.

G0236

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: al-LAS

Translations: change, exchange, alter, transform, substitute

Notes: This verb means to change, alter, or exchange something. It can be used to describe a physical transformation, a change in circumstances, or the act of substituting one thing for another. It is often used in the middle voice (ἈΛΛΆΣΣΟΜΑΙ) to mean 'to be changed' or 'to exchange for oneself'.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΆΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΊΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From ἌΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other'. The verb signifies making something 'other' than it was.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G4409

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: proh-TEH-oo-sas

Translations: of the first, of the chief, of the principal, of the leading, of the preeminent

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'prōteuō', meaning 'to be first' or 'to be chief'. It describes something or someone that is first in rank, importance, or position. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of the one being first' or 'of the chief (city/person)'. It can also function adjectivally to modify a feminine noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΗΣ, ΑΡΧΟΥΣΗΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ

G2692

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tes-TRAH-mme-noy

Translations: destroyed, overthrown, ruined, having been destroyed, having been overthrown, having been ruined

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been destroyed' or 'having been overthrown'. It describes something that has been completely ruined, turned upside down, or brought to an end. It is used to indicate a state resulting from a past action of destruction or overthrowing.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΑΝΑΤΕΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn down' or 'to turn over', leading to the sense of overthrowing or destroying.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G2602

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kah-tah-peh-SOHN

Translations: having fallen down, falling down, having collapsed, collapsing

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. As a whole, it means 'to fall down' or 'to collapse'. It describes an action of falling from a higher position to a lower one, often implying a sudden or complete descent. It is used to describe someone or something that has fallen to the ground, perhaps due to weakness, injury, or a sudden event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-tar-TAI-oh

Translations: to have a quartan fever, to suffer from a quartan fever

Notes: This verb describes the condition of having a quartan fever, which is a type of malaria characterized by a fever that recurs every fourth day (i.e., with two full days without fever in between). It is used to indicate that someone is afflicted by this specific type of recurring fever.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek adjective ΤΕΤΑΡΤΟΣ (tetartos), meaning 'fourth', referring to the four-day cycle of the fever.

G4912

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soos-khe-THEYS

Translations: held fast, constrained, afflicted, seized, pressed, distressed, confined, surrounded

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ΣΥΝΕΧΩ (synecho), meaning 'to hold together' or 'to constrain'. As a participle, it describes someone or something being held, constrained, or afflicted by something else. It is often used to describe being seized by an illness, distress, or a crowd, indicating a state of being overwhelmed or tightly bound.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΠΙΕΖΩ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G4752

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TAY-ohn

Translations: (of) military service, (of) campaigns, (of) warfare, (of) expeditions

Notes: This word refers to military service, a campaign, or warfare. It describes the act of serving in the military or engaging in a military expedition. It can also refer to the period of time spent in military service.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΜΑΧΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war, to serve in the army', which comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army, encampment'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G4008

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: peh-RAN

Translations: beyond, over, on the other side, across

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side,' indicating a location or direction. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'beyond' or 'across' something, indicating movement or position relative to a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the root *per- meaning 'to pass through, to go over.' It is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross.'

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oh-ROH-sah

Translations: seeing, beholding, looking at, a seeing, a beholding

Notes: This word is the feminine nominative singular active participle of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see' or 'to behold'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. In context, it would describe a female subject who is in the act of seeing or beholding something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΥΣΑ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'.

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-deh-MEE-ahn

Translations: no, not one, none, not any, (not) a single

Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to emphasize the complete absence of something, often in a prohibitive or conditional context. It combines the negative particle 'μη' (mē) with 'εἷς' (heis), meaning 'one'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and εἷς (heis), meaning 'one'. It developed in ancient Greek to express a strong, subjective negation of 'one' or 'any', particularly in contexts of prohibition or potentiality.

G5252

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-GRAF-on-tah

Translations: writing under, describing, copying, subscribing, signing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'υπογράφω' (hypographō). It means 'writing under', 'describing', 'copying', or 'subscribing'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone or something, often translated as 'one who writes under' or 'while writing under'. It can be used to describe someone who is signing a document, copying something, or providing a description.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: The word 'υπογράφω' is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'.

G2799

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: KLAI-oo-sa

Translations: weeping, crying, lamenting

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'weeping' or 'crying'. It describes someone who is in the act of weeping or lamenting. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, describing a noun (e.g., 'the weeping woman'), or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action (e.g., 'she spoke, weeping').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΡΟΜΕΝΗ, ΘΡΗΝΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΑΙΩ (klaiō) comes from an uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of weeping. It is related to the idea of a loud cry or lament.

G2875

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KOP-toh-MEH-nee

Translations: beating, cutting, mourning, lamenting, wailing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'κόπτω'. It describes an action of striking or beating oneself, often as a sign of grief or mourning. It can also refer to cutting or hewing. In the context of mourning, it implies beating one's breast or head as a traditional expression of sorrow. It is used to describe someone who is in a state of lamentation or wailing.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΕΩ, ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΝΘΕΩ

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-loo-sees

Translations: of being about to, of intending, of going to, of being destined

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μέλλω', which means 'to be about to', 'to intend', or 'to be destined to'. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it describes something that is 'of' or 'belonging to' a female entity or a feminine concept that is on the verge of happening or is intended to happen. It often indicates future action or a state of readiness.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΥ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥ

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAI-das

Translations: children, boys, servants, slaves

Notes: This word refers to children, particularly boys, but can also denote young people in general, or even servants and slaves regardless of age, depending on the context. It is used here in the accusative plural form, indicating that the children/boys/servants are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΥΙΟΙ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΙΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'child' or 'boy'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to young people or offspring.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DYR-eh-toh

Translations: he lamented, she lamented, it lamented, he bewailed, she bewailed, it bewailed, he mourned, she mourned, it mourned

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἀποδύρομαι' (apodúromai), meaning 'to lament, bewail, or mourn deeply'. It describes an action of expressing grief or sorrow, often with strong emotion. It is used to indicate that someone was in the process of lamenting or bewailing something or someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΕΩ, ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΝΘΕΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEH-oh-meh-nah

Translations: needing, needing, begging, entreating, asking, praying, lacking, being in want, being in need

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'needing' or 'being in need'. It describes something or someone that is currently in a state of requiring or lacking something, or actively begging/entreating. It can be used to describe a situation where resources are insufficient or a person is making a humble request.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΜΕΝΑ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΟΜΕΝΑ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-DOHS

Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-AH-kee-teh

Translations: to be in a certain state, to be disposed, to be situated, to be affected

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb κεῖμαι (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be placed.' It describes being in a particular state, condition, or disposition. It can refer to one's physical or mental state, or how something is arranged or situated.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G4823

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-boo-LEH-oo-en

Translations: he was advising, he was counseling, he was consulting, he was deliberating

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ (bouleuo), meaning "to deliberate" or "to advise." Therefore, ΣΥΝΕΒΟΥΛΕΥΕΝ means "he was advising together," "he was counseling," or "he was deliberating with others." It describes an ongoing action of giving counsel or engaging in joint deliberation in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G5294

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-thay-SEH-tai

Translations: will be suggested, will be advised, will be laid under, will be put forward

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (under) and 'τίθημι' (to place, put). In its active form, it means to lay under, to suggest, to advise, or to put forward. As a passive form, it means to be laid under, to be suggested, or to be advised. It describes an action that will be done to the subject, such as receiving advice or having something proposed to them.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tekh-EIN

Translations: to hold fast, to hold back, to restrain, to possess, to occupy, to keep, to retain, to seize, to take possession of

Notes: This word means to hold something firmly, to possess it, or to restrain or hinder someone or something. It can also mean to occupy a place or to keep something in one's possession. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a strong grip or control.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΧΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. This combination suggests a strong or firm holding, often with the nuance of holding down or holding back.

G2928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KRYP-sai

Translations: to hide, to conceal, to keep secret

Notes: This word means to hide or conceal something, or to keep it secret. It can be used in various contexts where something is being kept out of sight or knowledge. As an aorist active infinitive, it functions like 'to hide' or 'to conceal' in English, often used after verbs like 'it is good' or 'it is necessary'. As an aorist active imperative, it would mean 'hide!' or 'conceal!'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive or Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΛΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G4757

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tahs

Translations: soldiers

Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army or military force. It is typically used to describe individuals who serve in a military capacity, often in a group. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the subject of a description.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word στρατιώτης (stratiōtēs) comes from στρατιά (stratia), meaning 'army' or 'military service', which itself is derived from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-ay

Translations: go out, come out, depart, escape, be delivered, be rescued

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἐξέρχομαι' (exerchomai), which means 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It can also mean 'to depart' or 'to escape'. In some contexts, it can convey the sense of being delivered or rescued from something. It is often used to describe movement from one place to another, or the emergence of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-gee-no-MEH-neen

Translations: coming, arriving, being present, appearing, a coming, an arriving

Notes: This word describes the act of coming alongside, arriving, or being present. It implies a movement towards a place or person, often with the sense of appearing or showing up. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an

Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-as-KHEIN

Translations: to provide, to grant, to give, to supply, to afford, to present

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to grant'. It is used to express the action of giving or supplying something, often in a context where a benefit or resource is being made available. It can be used with a dative object indicating to whom something is provided, and an accusative object indicating what is provided.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its original sense is 'to hold out' or 'to offer'.

G1867

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ai-NOON-tas

Translations: praising, commending, approving, those praising, those commending, those approving

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'epaineō', meaning 'to praise' or 'to commend'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. In this form, it refers to 'those who are praising' or 'while praising'. It can be used to describe the subject or object of a sentence, indicating an action they are performing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΩ, ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΕΩ

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-seen

Translations: to appoint, to set up, to establish, to make, to render, to constitute

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb καθίστημι (kathistēmi). It means to set down, appoint, constitute, or establish. It is often used in the context of appointing someone to a position or establishing a rule or order. It can also mean to make someone or something into a particular state or condition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to make to stand'. Together, they convey the sense of setting something down firmly or establishing it.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-sthai

Translations: to be able, to have power, to be strong, can

Notes: This is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'δύναμαι'. It means 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is often used in constructions where one expresses the ability or capacity to do something, similar to the English 'can' or 'to be able to'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: From the root 'δύναμαι', meaning 'to be able'. It is related to 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G1263

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-KEE-meh-noos

Translations: disposed, being disposed, being in a certain state, being affected, being situated, being

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, 'through, thoroughly') and κεῖμαι (keimai, 'to lie, to be placed'). It means to be thoroughly disposed, to be in a certain state or condition, or to be affected in a particular way. It describes someone or something that is situated or inclined in a specific manner, often referring to a mental or emotional state.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-LEH-pon

Translations: difficult, hard, severe, fierce, dangerous, grievous, a difficult thing, a hard thing

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something that is difficult, hard to bear, dangerous, or severe. It can refer to things that are physically challenging, emotionally distressing, or morally objectionable. It is often used to describe situations, tasks, or even people who are harsh or fierce.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to χαλός (chalos), meaning 'loose' or 'slack', implying something that is not easily loosened or overcome.

G4350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-KROO-sai

Translations: to strike against, to stumble, to offend, to cause to stumble, to dash against

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb. It means to strike or dash against something, often implying a collision or impact. Metaphorically, it can mean to stumble or to offend someone, causing them to be displeased or to fall into error. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'against') and κρούω (krouō, meaning 'to strike' or 'to knock').

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΤΩ, ΣΚΑΝΔΑΛΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΚΡΟΥΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'against', and the verb κρούω (krouō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to knock'. Its etymology reflects the action of striking or dashing against something.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nay

Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.

G5195

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: hy-bris-THEN-tas

Translations: having been insulted, having been outraged, having been treated with contempt, having been abused

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'ὑβρίζω' (hybrizō). It describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being insulted, outraged, or treated with contempt. It functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, indicating a state or action completed in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΑΣΘΕΝΤΑΣ, ΕΞΟΥΘΕΝΗΘΕΝΤΑΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nee

Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, being, arising, a woman having become, a thing having happened

Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It can describe a female person or a feminine noun that has undergone the action of becoming or happening.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G3343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-PEM-psai

Translations: send for, summon, call

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from μετά (meta, 'with, after') and πέμπω (pempō, 'to send'). It means to send for someone, to summon them, or to call them to oneself. It implies causing someone to come to you by sending a message or messenger. It is often used in the context of official or authoritative summons.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition μετά (metá), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb πέμπω (pémpō), meaning 'to send'. The combination conveys the idea of sending for someone to come to oneself.

G1925

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-DEIK-sas-ah

Translations: having shown, having displayed, having pointed out, having demonstrated

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to show' or 'to display'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that someone has already shown, displayed, or pointed something out. It functions adverbially, modifying the main verb of a sentence to describe the manner or circumstance of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἐπιδείκνυμι (epideiknymi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'.

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noys

Translations: to those, for those, with those, by those, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'those' or 'that one' (when singular). In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or a relationship of benefit or detriment. It can be translated as 'to those,' 'for those,' or 'with those,' depending on the context. It can refer to people or things previously mentioned or understood from the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓͂ΤΟΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.

G0000

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ax-ee-oh-pis-TEE-as

Translations: of trustworthiness, of credibility, of reliability, of faithfulness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being trustworthy, credible, or reliable. It denotes the state of deserving belief or confidence. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΩΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΠΙΣΤΙΑ (axiōpistia) is a compound noun derived from ἈΞΙΟΣ (axios), meaning 'worthy', and ΠΙΣΤΟΣ (pistos), meaning 'trustworthy' or 'faithful'. It refers to the quality of being worthy of trust.

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-TREP-eh

Translations: allow, permit, let, entrust, commit

Notes: This word means 'to allow,' 'to permit,' or 'to entrust.' It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'τρέπω' (to turn, to direct). It is used when someone gives permission or authority for an action to take place, or when they commit something into someone else's care.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτρέπω (epitrépō), a compound of ἐπί (epí, 'upon, over') and τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn, to direct').

G1538

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EYE-teh

Translations: whether, or, either...or

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce alternative possibilities. It often appears in pairs (eite... eite...) to mean 'either... or', but can also be used alone to mean 'whether' or simply 'or'. It connects clauses or phrases that present different options or conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: Ἠ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei), meaning 'if', and the particle τε (te), meaning 'and'. It combines these elements to express conditional alternatives.

G2519

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kath-y-BRI-zeen

Translations: to insult, to outrage, to treat with contempt, to treat despitefully

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kathá), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ὑβρίζω (hybrízō), meaning 'to treat with insolence' or 'to insult'. It describes the act of treating someone with extreme contempt, insolence, or violence, often in a way that causes deep shame or dishonor. It implies an act of deliberate and severe abuse or insult.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΕΠΗΡΕΑΖΩ, ΑΤΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: From κατά (katá, 'down, against') + ὑβρίζω (hybrízō, 'to treat with insolence, to insult'). The prefix intensifies the meaning of the base verb, indicating a strong or complete act of insolence or outrage.

G0826

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-tah-FEE-ah

Translations: unburial, lack of burial, denial of burial, a lack of burial

Notes: This word refers to the state of being unburied or the denial of burial rites. It signifies the absence of a proper burial, which was considered a great dishonor in ancient cultures. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ταφία' (taphia), which relates to burial.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: From the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and τάφος (taphos, 'burial, tomb'). It literally means 'not having a burial'.

G3958

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-PON-thoh-tess

Translations: having suffered, those who have suffered, having experienced, those who have experienced

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb ΠΑΣΧΩ (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It functions adjectivally, often referring to 'those who have suffered' or 'those who have experienced' something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'The ones having suffered much, found peace.'

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΕΠΟΝΘΟΤΑΣ

G1534

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EYE-tah

Translations: then, next, afterward, after that

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'next'. It indicates a sequence of events or actions, showing what happens immediately after something else. It is often used to introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression. The form ΕἸΤ' is an elided form of ΕἸΤΑ, where the final alpha has been dropped before a word starting with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΞΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΤΑ is derived from the demonstrative pronoun *e- (meaning 'that') combined with the adverbial suffix -ta, indicating sequence or time. It is related to other Greek words that denote order or succession.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G3709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAYN

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, punishment, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, passionate emotion, often intense anger or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous anger or divine judgment, which often leads to punishment. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΓΗ (orgē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werg-, meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It originally referred to an impulse or natural disposition, which then evolved to mean a strong emotion or passion, and eventually anger or wrath.

G0090

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-KEE-ah

Translations: injury, an injury, outrage, an outrage, insult, an insult, abuse, an abuse, torture, a torture

Notes: This word refers to an act of injury, outrage, or abuse. It can describe physical harm, but also verbal or emotional mistreatment. It is used to denote suffering caused by another's actions, often implying a degree of violence or injustice. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating what is inflicted upon someone.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΒΙΑ

Etymology: The word Αἰκία (aikía) is derived from the verb αἰκίζω (aikízō), meaning 'to maltreat, to outrage'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is related to concepts of violence and ill-treatment.

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-FEH-rin

Translations: to offer, to bring, to present, to bring to, to bring forward

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb "προσφέρω" (prospherō). It is a compound verb, formed from "πρός" (pros), meaning "to" or "towards," and "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to bring" or "to bear." It generally means to bring something to someone or something, often with the intention of offering it, presenting it, or dedicating it. It can be used in contexts of bringing gifts, sacrifices, or even people to a particular place or person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb "προσφέρω" (prospherō) is a compound of the preposition "πρός" (pros), meaning "to, toward, with," and the verb "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to bear, carry, bring." Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements, indicating the action of bringing something towards a destination or person.

G5261

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-POS-khoo

Translations: promise, vow, undertake

Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'promise!' or 'vow!'. It is used to give a command or make an exhortation for someone to make a promise or undertake something. It implies a commitment or a pledge.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΥ, ΟΜΝΥΕ

Etymology: The word ὑπισχνέομαι (hypischneomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and the verb ἴσχω (ischō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to have'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under (an obligation)' or 'to take upon oneself'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

G1223, G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-PRAX-es-thai

Translations: to accomplish, to achieve, to perform, to carry out, to bring about

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'διά' (through, by means of) and 'πράσσω' (to do, to accomplish). It means to accomplish something thoroughly, to achieve a goal, or to carry out an action to completion. It implies a successful execution of a task or plan. It is used in contexts where an action is brought to its intended end.

Inflection: Future, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ay-POO-sees

Translations: (of) having said, (of) having spoken, (of) saying, (of) speaking

Notes: This is the aorist active participle, genitive singular feminine form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that has been completed before the main action of the sentence, often translated as 'having said' or 'when she said'. As a genitive form, it frequently functions in a genitive absolute construction, indicating the circumstances or time of an event, often translated with 'when' or 'after' followed by a clause.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΥΣΗΣ, ΛΑΛΟΥΣΗΣ

Etymology: The verb 'εἶπον' (eipo) serves as the aorist of 'λέγω' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Its origin is complex, deriving from an ancient Indo-European root related to speaking or declaring.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G2986

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: lam-pro-TEH-ras

Translations: brighter, more brilliant, more splendid, more glorious, more illustrious

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'lampros', meaning 'bright' or 'splendid'. As a comparative adjective, it indicates a greater degree of brightness, brilliance, or splendor. It can be used to describe something that is literally brighter, or metaphorically more glorious or illustrious than something else. It is often used in contexts describing light, appearance, or reputation.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Genitive

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ (lampros) comes from the verb λάμπω (lampō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to be bright'.

G0515

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ax-ee-oh-THEE-soh-mai

Translations: I will be deemed worthy, I will be counted worthy, I will be thought worthy, I will be considered worthy

Notes: This word means to be deemed or considered worthy of something. It is used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is the one upon whom the action of being deemed worthy is performed. It describes a future state where one will be recognized or honored as deserving.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΆΩ, ΚΡΊΝΩ

Etymology: From ἄξιος (axios, "worthy") and -όω (-oo, a verbal suffix). The root ἄξιος means "worthy" or "deserving," often implying a balance or equivalence.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G1832

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EYE-nye

Translations: to be lawful, to be permitted, to be possible

Notes: This is an impersonal verb, meaning 'it is lawful,' 'it is permitted,' or 'it is possible.' It is often used with an infinitive to express what one is allowed or able to do, or with a dative case to indicate for whom something is permissible. For example, 'it is lawful for him to go' or 'it is permitted to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔξεστι (exesti), a compound of ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ἔστι (esti, 'it is'). It literally means 'it is out' or 'it is possible to go out', hence 'it is permitted'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-THEY-nye

Translations: to make a covenant, to dispose, to arrange, to appoint, to bequeath

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive of the verb 'διατίθημι'. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (through, apart) and 'τίθημι' (to place, to put). It means to arrange or dispose of something, often with the sense of making a formal arrangement or agreement, such as a covenant or a will. It can also mean to appoint or to bequeath.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'διατίθημι' is formed from the preposition 'διά' (through, apart) and the verb 'τίθημι' (to place, to put). The combination implies placing or arranging things in a specific order or with a particular purpose, leading to meanings like 'to dispose' or 'to make a covenant'.

G2309

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: the-lee-SAN-tone

Translations: (of) wishing, (of) desiring, (of) wanting, (of) intending, (of) being willing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'θέλω' (thelō), meaning 'to wish,' 'to desire,' or 'to be willing.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it indicates a group of people who were wishing, desiring, or willing to do something, and it is in the genitive case, often used to show possession, origin, or to follow certain prepositions.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word θέλω (thelō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to wish' or 'to will.' It is related to words signifying desire or intention.

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-xeis

Translations: you will rule, you will reign, you will begin, you will lead

Notes: This word is the second person singular future active indicative form of the verb "ἄρχω" (archō). It means "you will rule," "you will reign," "you will begin," or "you will lead." It describes an action that the subject will perform in the future, indicating either the exercise of authority or the initiation of an action.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΕΙΣ, ΗΓΗΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ergʰ- meaning 'to begin, to rule'.

G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-ee-NEH-sas

Translations: having exhorted, having advised, having encouraged, having admonished

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παραινέω' (paraineō), meaning 'to exhort, advise, or encourage'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action completed in the past by the subject. It indicates that someone has given advice or encouragement.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ

G5053

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lev-TAN

Translations: to end, to finish, to die, to complete, to bring to an end

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to an end, completing a task, or reaching a conclusion. It can also refer to the act of dying or passing away. It is often used in contexts where a process or life reaches its final point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from the noun τέλος (telos), meaning "end" or "completion." It signifies the act of reaching that end or completion.

G1722