2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TEH-leh-sen

Translations: he finished, he completed, he accomplished, he fulfilled, he brought to an end, he paid

Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τελέω' (teleō). It describes an action that was completed in the past. It signifies bringing something to an end, accomplishing a task, fulfilling a duty, or paying a debt. The action is viewed as a whole, without emphasis on its duration.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ, ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1427

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: DOH-deh-kah

Translations: twelve

Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Greek numeral 'twelve' (δώδεκα). In ancient Greek manuscripts, letters were often used to represent numbers, and an overline (or 'overline' as described) was used to indicate this numerical value. The letter Iota (Ι) represents 10, and Beta (Β) represents 2, thus combining to form 12. It is used to denote the quantity of twelve.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a numeral abbreviation)

Etymology: The word δώδεκα (dodeka) comes from δύο (duo, 'two') and δέκα (deka, 'ten').

G3327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-TEH-bee

Translations: he/she/it went over, he/she/it passed over, he/she/it moved, he/she/it transferred, he/she/it departed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from μετά (meta, 'with, after, among') and βαίνω (bainō, 'to go, to step'). It means to go over, pass over, or move from one place to another. It can also imply a change of state or condition, or a departure.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with, after, among', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nays

Translations: John

Notes: This is a common biblical name, equivalent to the English 'John'. It is a masculine proper noun frequently appearing in the New Testament, referring to several individuals such as John the Baptist, John the Apostle, and John Mark. It is derived from a Hebrew name meaning 'Yahweh is gracious'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Hellenistic period.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psas

Translations: having sent, one who sent, he who sent, when he had sent

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'one who sent', indicating the person or thing that performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ER-kho-meh-nos

Translations: coming, going, the one coming, he who comes, about to come

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the process of coming or going. It can also refer to someone who is 'about to come' or 'the one who comes'. Its meaning is dynamic, indicating movement towards or away from a point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek, used to describe various forms of movement.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ron

Translations: another, other, different, a different thing, an other thing

Notes: This word means 'another' or 'other', emphasizing a difference in kind or quality from something else. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has been previously mentioned or implied. For example, it might be used to say 'another person' or 'a different kind of thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'. It is related to the English word 'other'.

G4328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-doh-KO-men

Translations: we may expect, we may await, we may look for

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to expect', 'to await', or 'to look for'. It is used to describe the act of anticipating something, whether good or bad. In this form, it indicates an action that 'we' (first person plural) might do or should do, often in a context of purpose or possibility.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΖΩ, ΠΕΡΙΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, 'to, towards') and δοκάω (dokaō, 'to think, suppose'), literally 'to think towards' or 'to look forward to'.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-yoo-THEN-tes

Translations: having gone, going, went, departed

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having gone' or 'having departed'. It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate the manner or circumstance of the main action, functioning similarly to an adverbial clause in English. For example, 'Having gone, they advised him' or 'They went and advised him'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GELL-ah-teh

Translations: report, announce, tell, declare, bring word, relate

Notes: This word means to report, announce, or declare something. It implies bringing a message or news from one place or person to another. It is often used in the context of delivering an official or important message, or giving an account of events that have occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from') + ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce, report'). It signifies announcing or reporting something away from the source or to others.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nay

Translations: John

Notes: This is a proper noun, the Greek form of the Hebrew name Yochanan, meaning 'Yahweh is gracious'. It refers to the biblical figure John, such as John the Baptist or John the Apostle. It is used to identify a specific male individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Ιωάννης' (Ioannes) is derived from the Hebrew name 'Yochanan' (יוֹחָנָן), which means 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name in the Second Temple period and became widely known through biblical figures.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BLEH-peh-teh

Translations: you see, you look, you perceive, you behold, you beware, see!, look!, behold!, beware!

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It can be used in various contexts, from physical sight to mental perception or understanding. It can also function as an imperative, meaning 'see!' or 'look!', often used to draw attention or to warn, in which case it can be translated as 'beware!'.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G0308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-BLEH-poo-sin

Translations: they look up, they receive sight, they look again, they recover sight

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ana-' (meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb 'blepō' (meaning 'to see'). It describes the action of looking upwards, or more commonly, the act of recovering one's sight, often implying a restoration from blindness. It can also mean to look again or to consider carefully.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναβλέπω (anablepō) is derived from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb βλέπω (blepō), meaning 'to see'.

G3498

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NEK-roy

Translations: dead, the dead, dead ones

Notes: This word refers to something that is dead, lifeless, or deceased. It can be used as an adjective to describe a dead person or thing, or it can function as a noun to refer to dead people collectively, such as 'the dead'. It is often used in a literal sense concerning physical death, but can also be used metaphorically to describe spiritual deadness or a state of being unresponsive.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΕΣ

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GHEE-ron-teh

Translations: are raised, are awakened, are arisen, are being raised, are being awakened, are being arisen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'egeiro,' meaning 'to raise,' 'to awaken,' or 'to arise.' In this form, it describes an action that is currently happening or habitually happens to a plural subject, indicating that they are being raised or awakened, or are rising themselves. It is often used in contexts of resurrection or awakening from sleep.

Inflection: Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to awaken, to rouse.' It is related to words signifying 'to stir' or 'to lift.'

G2097

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: yoo-ang-geh-LEE-zon-teh

Translations: preaching the gospel, proclaiming good news, evangelizing, bringing good tidings

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ' (euangelizō), which means 'to proclaim good news' or 'to evangelize'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It signifies the ongoing act of sharing the message of the gospel or good news.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative/Vocative/Accusative Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΟΝΤΕ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΟΝΤΕ

G3107

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mah-KAH-ree-os

Translations: blessed, happy, fortunate, a blessed one, a happy one, a fortunate one

Notes: This word describes someone who is blessed, happy, or fortunate. It often refers to a state of inner well-being and contentment, particularly a happiness that comes from divine favor or a favorable condition. It can be used to describe individuals who are divinely favored or those who experience a deep sense of joy and fulfillment.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΔΑΙΜΩΝ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μακάριος' (makarios) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to 'μάκαρ' (makar), meaning 'blessed' or 'happy'. It describes a state of blessedness or happiness, often associated with the gods or those favored by them.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4624

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: skan-da-LIS-thee

Translations: was caused to stumble, was offended, was led into sin, was scandalized

Notes: This word describes the state of being caused to stumble, offended, or led into sin. It implies a passive experience where an individual is made to fall morally or spiritually, rather than actively choosing to do so. It is often used in contexts where someone's actions or words cause another person to waver in their faith or commit a transgression.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The root word σκανδαλίζω (skandalizō) derives from σκάνδαλον (skandalon), which originally referred to a trap or a stumbling block. Over time, its meaning evolved to encompass anything that causes one to stumble or fall, especially in a moral or spiritual sense.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xah-toh

Translations: began, started, commenced

Notes: This is the aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai' (to begin). It signifies an action that began in the past, often used to introduce the start of an event or a series of actions. It can also mean 'to rule' or 'to be first', but in this form, it almost exclusively means 'to begin'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'archē' (ἀρχή), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-noo

Translations: of John

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'John'. It refers to the well-known biblical figure, John the Baptist, or other individuals named John. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the son of John' or 'the book of John'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Yochanan', meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name in ancient Israel and became prominent through figures like John the Baptist and John the Apostle.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EEL-tha-teh

Translations: you went out, you came out, you went forth, you came forth

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come' or 'to go'). It means 'to go out,' 'to come out,' 'to go forth,' or 'to come forth.' It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state/condition to another. It can be used literally for physical movement or figuratively for emerging from a situation or origin.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐξέρχομαι (exerchomai) is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.' It is derived from Proto-Indo-European roots related to movement.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EH-ree-mon

Translations: desert, wilderness, a desert, a wilderness, desolate, deserted, empty, solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'desolate,' 'deserted,' or 'empty.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'desert' or 'wilderness,' often a sparsely populated or uninhabited region. It is frequently used in the New Testament to describe the wilderness where John the Baptist preached or where Jesus spent time.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from a pre-Greek word, possibly related to 'empty' or 'solitary.' It describes a place or state of isolation and lack of habitation.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G0417

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NEH-moo

Translations: of wind, of a wind, of the wind, wind

Notes: This word is a noun referring to 'wind' or 'a wind'. In its genitive singular form, 'ΑΝΕΜΟΥ' indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of wind' or 'from wind'. It can refer to a literal gust of air, or metaphorically to a current, a direction, or even a spirit or breath in some contexts, though 'πνευμα' is more common for spirit/breath. It is commonly used to describe weather phenomena or the movement of air.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

G4531

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: sah-leh-OO-meh-non

Translations: shaken, being shaken, moving, being moved, tossed, being tossed, stirred, being stirred

Notes: This word describes something that is being shaken, moved, or disturbed. It can refer to physical movement, like a reed being swayed by the wind, or to a more metaphorical disturbance, such as a person's mind being agitated or a foundation being unsettled. It is a present passive participle, indicating an ongoing action being done to the subject.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΕΩ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΣΕΙΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EEL-tha-tai

Translations: has gone out, has come out, has proceeded, has appeared

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect indicative, middle/passive voice of the verb 'ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject acting for itself or experiencing the action, while in the passive voice, the subject receives the action. In this perfect tense form, it describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It is often used to describe someone or something having departed from a place, or a message/prophecy having been revealed or come forth.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Perfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-pon

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for Ἄνθρωπον (anthrōpon), which is the accusative singular form of Ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos). It refers to a human being, a man, or a person. It is used when the human is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos), possibly from ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”) and ὤψ (ṓps, “face, eye”), meaning 'man-faced' or 'one who looks up'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to look, to behold, to experience

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'to see'. It refers to the act of perceiving with the eyes, but can also extend to understanding or experiencing something. It is often used in contexts where one is observing or witnessing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΟΡΑΩ comes from a prolonged form of a primary verb, meaning 'to see'. It is related to the concept of looking or perceiving.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-thro-pon

Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΝ (anthropon), which means 'man', 'human', or 'person'. It refers to a human being in general, male or female, and can also refer to mankind collectively. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos), possibly from ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”) and ὤψ (ṓps, “face, eye”).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-ROON-tes

Translations: bearing, carrying, wearing, bringing, producing

Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine plural, nominative case of the verb 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear,' 'to carry,' 'to wear,' or 'to bring.' It describes an ongoing action of bearing or carrying something. It can be used to describe people who are carrying or wearing something, or even things that are producing or yielding something, like fruit.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΤΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koys

Translations: to houses, to households, to dwellings, to temples, to families, to a house, to a household, to a dwelling, to a temple, to a family

Notes: This word refers to a house, household, or dwelling. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' houses, households, or families. It can also refer to a temple or a family line.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑΙΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the concept of dwelling or habitation.

G3483

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: NAH-ee

Translations: yes, truly, indeed, even so, assuredly

Notes: This word is an adverb used to express affirmation, agreement, or strong assertion. It can be translated as 'yes' in response to a question, or 'truly' and 'indeed' to emphasize a statement. It often conveys a sense of certainty or confirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΜΗΝ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΝΑΙ' comes from an ancient Greek particle expressing affirmation. Its origin is uncertain, but it is found in various forms across different Indo-European languages with similar meanings of affirmation or assent.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G4053

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: peh-ris-SO-teh-ron

Translations: more, more abundant, more exceedingly, more than enough, more than

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adjective or adverb, meaning 'more' or 'more abundant'. As an adjective, it describes something as being in greater quantity or degree. As an adverb, it modifies a verb or another adjective, indicating a higher degree of an action or quality. It is often used to emphasize an increase or surplus beyond what is expected or necessary.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (Adjective); Does not inflect (Adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΚΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΥ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek adjective περίσσος (perissos), meaning 'exceeding, abundant, superfluous'. It is formed with the comparative suffix -τερος (-teros).

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEL-loh

Translations: to send, to send away, to send forth, to dispatch

Notes: This verb means 'to send' or 'to send away'. It is often used in the context of dispatching someone or something for a specific purpose or mission. It can refer to sending people, messages, or objects, and implies a deliberate act of commissioning or delegating.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and στέλλω (stellō, 'to send, to prepare'). It literally means 'to send away from'.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G2680

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-oo-AH-see

Translations: (to) prepare, (to) build, (to) construct, (to) make ready, (to) furnish

Notes: This word is the dative plural of the present active participle of the verb 'κατασκευάζω' (kataskeuazo), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to build'. It describes an action of preparing or building, indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of this action. It can also be interpreted as a third-person plural present active indicative verb, meaning 'they prepare' or 'they build'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural; or Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1726

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, (of) before, (of) in front of, (of) in the presence of

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb indicating position or direction, meaning 'before' or 'in front'. It can also be used as a preposition, typically taking the genitive case, to mean 'in front of' or 'in the presence of' someone or something. It denotes a spatial relationship, indicating that one thing is situated ahead of another, or a relational context, signifying being in the sight or presence of someone.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as an improper preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition 'en' (in) and 'prosthen' (before, from 'pros' - toward). It literally means 'in front' or 'in the forepart'.

G0281

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-MEN

Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it

Notes: This word is an affirmation, meaning 'truly' or 'so be it'. It is often used to express agreement or to confirm the truth of a statement. It can appear at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize the truthfulness of what is about to be said, or at the end of a prayer or declaration to signify assent and a desire for the preceding words to come to pass.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn', meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-ger-teh

Translations: you were raised, you were awakened, you were aroused, you have arisen, you have been raised, you have been awakened, you have been aroused

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'egeiro', meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'. It is used to describe someone being raised up, either physically from sleep or death, or metaphorically from a state of inactivity. It can also refer to the act of arising or standing up.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Indicative, Aorist, Passive or Perfect, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'ek' (out of) and the root 'egeiro' (to rouse, awaken). The root 'egeiro' itself is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to wake up'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEI-zon

Translations: greater, larger, more, older, elder

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great'. It indicates a higher degree of size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to compare two things, meaning 'greater than' or 'larger than', or to indicate someone who is older or more significant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-rah-NOHN

Translations: of heavens, of the heavens, of skies, of the skies

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΥΡΑΝΩΝ (ouranōn), which is the genitive plural form of ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ (ouranos), meaning 'heaven' or 'sky'. It refers to the celestial dwelling place of God, or simply the visible sky. It is often used in phrases like 'the kingdom of the heavens' or 'from the heavens'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΝΕΦΕΛΗ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cover' or 'to enclose'.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-rah-NOHN

Translations: of heavens, of the heavens, of heaven, of the heaven

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΥΡΑΝΩΝ (OURANON), meaning 'of heavens' or 'of the heavens'. It is the genitive plural form of the noun ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ (OURANOS), which refers to the sky, the firmament, or the dwelling place of God and spiritual beings. In ancient Greek, it is often used in the plural to denote the entirety of the celestial realm.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cover' or 'to enclose'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-meh-ROH

Translations: I tame, I civilize, I make gentle, I cultivate

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to tame,' 'to civilize,' or 'to make gentle.' It describes the act of bringing something wild or untamed into a state of submission, order, or gentleness. It can be used in contexts of taming animals, civilizing people, or cultivating land.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΑΜΑΖΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἡμερόω (hēmeroō) is derived from the adjective ἥμερος (hēmeros), meaning 'tame,' 'gentle,' or 'cultivated.'

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0971

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bee-AH-zeh-teh

Translations: is forced, suffers violence, is entered forcibly, is pressed into

Notes: This word is the third person singular present passive indicative form of the verb 'ΒΙΑΖΩ'. It describes something being subjected to force or violence, or being entered by force. In the context of the Kingdom of Heaven, it often implies that the Kingdom is being forcefully advanced or is experiencing violent opposition.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

G0726

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: har-PAH-zoh-sin

Translations: they seize, they snatch, they carry off, they plunder, they rob

Notes: This word describes the act of seizing or snatching something suddenly and forcefully, often with violence or aggression. It can imply taking something by force, plundering, or carrying off prey. It is used here in the third person plural, indicating that 'they' are performing the action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch'. It is related to the Latin 'rapio' (to seize, snatch).

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tai

Translations: prophets, (to) prophets, (of) prophets

Notes: This word refers to individuals who speak on behalf of God or a deity, often foretelling future events or delivering divine messages. In Koine Greek, it is a masculine noun. The form 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΑΙ' is the plural form, which can function as nominative (the subject of a sentence), dative (indicating to whom or for whom something is done), or vocative (used for direct address).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΕΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΜΟΛΟΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'for', and 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks before' or 'one who speaks for' (another).

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mos

Translations: law, a law, principle, custom

Notes: This word refers to a law, a principle, or a custom. It can denote a specific legal code, such as the Mosaic Law, or a general principle or rule. It is often used in a religious or ethical context, referring to divine commandments or established norms of conduct.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΚΑΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΟΣ (nomos) comes from the Greek verb νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute, to assign, to apportion'. It originally referred to that which is distributed or assigned, and thus came to mean an established custom or law.

G4395

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-roh-fay-TEV-san

Translations: they prophesied, they foretold, they spoke by inspiration

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to prophesy,' 'to foretell,' or 'to speak by divine inspiration.' It describes the act of delivering a message from God, often concerning future events or divine will. In this form, it indicates that a group of people performed this action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΧΡΗΣΜΩΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ (prophēteuō) comes from the Greek word ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ (prophētēs), meaning 'prophet,' which is a compound of ΠΡΟ (pro, 'before' or 'forth') and ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi, 'to speak'). Thus, it literally means 'to speak forth' or 'to speak before (on behalf of someone).'

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEK-sas-theh

Translations: receive, accept, welcome, take, take up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to receive, accept, or welcome. It implies a willing and often hospitable reception of something or someone. It can be used in various contexts, such as receiving a gift, accepting a teaching, or welcoming a guest. It is the aorist middle imperative form, indicating a command or exhortation to 'receive' or 'accept' something, with the action being performed by the subject for themselves or with a focus on the subject's involvement.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lohn

Translations: about to, going to, destined to, future

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent, impending, or destined to occur. It often functions like a future tense auxiliary verb in English, showing that the subject is on the verge of doing something or that something is about to happen.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying delay or hesitation, evolving to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-khes-theh

Translations: you come, you go, you arrive, you enter

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to come,' 'to go,' or 'to arrive.' It is often used to describe movement towards or away from a place or person. It can also imply entering a state or condition. In the provided examples, it is used in compound verbs like 'εἰσέρχεσθε' (you enter) and 'συνέρχεσθε' (you come together), showing its versatility in forming new meanings when combined with prepositions.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go.' It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a long history of usage.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, one who has, he who has

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action of having or holding, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It can refer to someone who is in possession of something, or simply to someone who is in a certain state or condition.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: tow-TEEN

Translations: this, this one, this thing, her, it

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΑΥΤΗΝ (TAUTEN). It is the accusative singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'this one'. It is used to point out something specific, often referring to a feminine noun or concept previously mentioned or understood from context. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

G2521

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-THEE-meh-noys

Translations: (to) sitting, (to) those sitting, (to) those who sit

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'sitting' or 'being seated'. It describes someone or something in the act of sitting. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, often referring to 'those who are sitting' or 'the ones sitting'. In this form, it is dative plural, indicating the indirect object of an action, hence 'to those sitting'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Article

Sounds like: TES

Translations: all, every, whole, any, each, the

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the Koine Greek word 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. Without diacritics, 'ΤΕΣ' most commonly represents the feminine plural nominative, accusative, or vocative form of 'πᾶς', which would be 'πᾶσαι' (pasai) or 'πάσας' (pasas) or 'πᾶσες' (pases) in modern Greek. It can also function as a part of the definite article, 'ταῖς' (tais), meaning 'the' (feminine plural dative), or 'τῆς' (tes), meaning 'of the' (feminine singular genitive). In context, it typically refers to a group of feminine nouns, indicating that 'all' or 'every' member of that group is included. For example, 'all women' or 'every city'.

Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative (from πᾶς); or Feminine, Plural, Dative (from ὁ); or Feminine, Singular, Genitive (from ὁ)

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ

G58

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-RES

Translations: markets, marketplaces, forums

Notes: This word refers to public places where people gathered, typically for commercial transactions, but also for public assembly, legal proceedings, or social interaction. In ancient Greek cities, the agora was the central hub of civic life. It is the plural form of the noun 'agora'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΤΕΙΕΣ, ΔΗΜΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'agora' comes from the verb 'ageiro' (ἀγείρω), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. It refers to a place where people gather.

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HEH-teh-roys

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word refers to something that is 'other' or 'different' from what has been previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a distinction in kind or character, rather than just numerical difference (which would be expressed by 'ἄλλος'). It is often used to introduce a new or distinct item in a list or comparison. In the provided examples, it refers to 'other gods'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ

G3738

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: or-KHEH-sas-theh

Translations: you danced, you did dance

Notes: This word is the second person plural, aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'orcheomai', meaning 'to dance'. It describes an action of dancing that occurred in the past, with the subject (you all) either performing the action for themselves (middle voice) or having the action done to them (passive voice), though the middle voice is more common for this verb.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Etymology: The word 'orcheomai' is believed to be derived from an ancient root related to movement or rhythm. It is connected to the concept of ordered movement, particularly in the context of dance or rhythmic motion.

G2875

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KOP-sas-theh

Translations: you cut off, you cut down, you beat, you mourned, you lamented

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative, second person plural form of the verb 'κοπτω' (koptō). It describes an action completed in the past by the subject upon themselves or for their own benefit (middle voice). Depending on context, it can mean 'you yourselves cut off' (e.g., a limb), 'you yourselves cut down' (e.g., a tree), or 'you yourselves beat' (e.g., one's breast in grief), which leads to the meaning 'you mourned' or 'you lamented'. The specific nuance depends on the object or context.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-then

Translations: he came, she came, it came, he went, she went, it went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he/she/it came' or 'he/she/it went'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes a completed action of movement in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΕΝ, ΕΒΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G2068

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-thee-oh

Translations: eat, devour, consume, partake, feed

Notes: This verb means 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is used to describe the act of taking food, but can also be used metaphorically for consuming or devouring something. It often implies the physical act of eating, but can also refer to partaking in a meal or sustenance in a broader sense.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΓΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From an ancient root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root for 'eat'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek for the act of eating.

G1140

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dai-MO-nee-on

Translations: demon, evil spirit, a demon, an evil spirit

Notes: This word, ΔΕΜΟΝΙΟΝ (DEMONION), appears to be a misspelling or variant of ΔΑΙΜΟΝΙΟΝ (DAIMONION). It refers to a demon or an evil spirit, often depicted as a malevolent supernatural being. In the New Testament, it is frequently used to describe the spirits that possess people and cause various afflictions, which Jesus and his disciples cast out. It can be used in sentences to describe the source of an illness or a spiritual entity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ

G1140

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dai-MO-nee-on

Translations: demon, evil spirit, a demon, an evil spirit

Notes: This word refers to a divine being, often a lesser deity or spirit. In the New Testament and later Koine Greek, it predominantly refers to an evil spirit or demon, often associated with causing illness or torment. It is used in sentences to describe the source of affliction or supernatural evil.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from the Greek word δαίμων (daimōn), which originally referred to a divine power, fate, or a god. Over time, its meaning evolved, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, to denote an evil spirit.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-THROH-poo

Translations: (of) man, (of) a man, (of) human being, (of) a human being, (of) person, (of) a person

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΥ (anthrōpou), which is the genitive singular form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos). It refers to a human being, mankind, or a person. In context, it often denotes a specific individual or humanity in general. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, translating as 'of man' or 'of a human being'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

G2068

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-THEE-ohn

Translations: eating, one who eats, while eating, as he eats

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action of 'eating'. It describes someone who is in the process of eating or performing the act of eating. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the time or manner of an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΦΑΓΩΝ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΣΘΙΩ (esthio) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to eat'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek, used to describe the act of consuming food.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-thro-pos

Translations: man, human being, person, a man, a human being, a person

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthropos). It refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It can also specifically denote a male person, a man, in contrast to a woman. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to humanity as a whole or to individual people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos), possibly from ἀνήρ (anēr, “man”) and ὤψ (ōps, “face, eye”), or from ἀνά (aná, “up”) + τρέπω (trepō, “to turn”), referring to an upright posture.

G5314

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: PHA-goss

Translations: glutton, a glutton, eater, a consumer, eating

Notes: ΦΑΓΟΣ (phagos) is a noun or adjective derived from the verb 'to eat'. As a noun, it refers to a 'glutton' or 'eater', someone who eats a lot. As an adjective, it describes someone or something as 'eating' or 'consuming', often with a negative connotation of being excessively fond of food or overeating. It is often used in compound words, such as 'μονοφάγος' (monophagos), meaning 'one who eats alone' or 'solitary eater'.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΑΣΤΡΙΜΑΡΓΟΣ, ΛΑΙΜΑΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΑΓΟΣ (phagos) is derived from the verb φάγω (phagō), meaning 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It describes one who eats or is characterized by eating.

G3630

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-no-PO-tays

Translations: wine-drinker, drunkard, a wine-drinker, a drunkard

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'οἶνος' (oinos), meaning 'wine', and 'ποτής' (potēs), meaning 'drinker'. It refers to someone who drinks wine, often with the connotation of someone who drinks excessively or is a drunkard. It is used to describe a person characterized by their habit of drinking wine.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΘΥΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΝΟΠΟΤΗΣ is a compound of ΟΙΝΟΣ (oinos, "wine") and the root of ΠΙΝΩ (pinō, "to drink").

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-loss

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a lover

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'lover.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection. It is often used to describe close relationships.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'philos' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of.' It is related to other words in Greek that express affection and friendship.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-dee-keh-OH-thee

Translations: was justified, was declared righteous, was acquitted

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'δικαιόω' (dikaioō). It means 'to be justified,' 'to be declared righteous,' or 'to be acquitted.' In ancient Greek, particularly in Koine Greek, it is often used in a theological sense to describe God's act of declaring a person righteous, rather than making them righteous in an inherent sense. It signifies a legal or forensic declaration of innocence or righteousness.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ

Etymology: The verb 'δικαιόω' (dikaioō) derives from 'δίκαιος' (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just.' It is formed by adding the verbal suffix '-όω' to the adjective, indicating the action of making or declaring something just or righteous.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-nee-DI-zane

Translations: to reproach, to revile, to insult, to upbraid, to cast in one's teeth

Notes: This word means to reproach, revile, or insult someone. It implies a strong verbal attack, often involving blame or scorn. It can be used to describe the act of criticizing someone harshly or bringing up past faults to shame them.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΝΙΔΙΖΩ (onidizo) is derived from the Greek word ΟΝΕΙΔΟΣ (oneidos), meaning 'reproach' or 'disgrace'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they became, they were, they came to pass, they happened, they arose

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It means 'they became' or 'they were', indicating a past action or state of becoming. It can also mean 'they came into being', 'they happened', or 'they arose'. It describes a transition from one state to another or an event taking place.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΑΡΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees

Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G5184

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TOO-roh

Translations: Tyre, to Tyre, in Tyre

Notes: Tyre refers to an ancient and historically significant Phoenician city, located on the coast of modern-day Lebanon. It was renowned for its maritime trade and purple dye. In Koine Greek, it is often used in contexts referring to the city itself, or indicating movement towards or location within the city, typically with a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Tyre' comes from the Phoenician word 'Ṣūr', meaning 'rock' or 'fortress', referring to the rocky formation on which the city was originally built.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nai

Translations: having become, having arisen, having come to pass, having happened, having been born

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has already occurred. In this form, 'γενομέναι' specifically refers to a group of feminine subjects who have undergone the action of becoming, happening, or being born. It often introduces a subordinate clause, providing background or context for the main action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

Etymology: The verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be born,' 'to come into being,' or 'to become.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of origin or transformation.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G4526

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SAK-koh

Translations: (to) sackcloth, (in) sackcloth, a sackcloth

Notes: This word refers to a coarse fabric, typically made of goat's hair, used for sacks or as a garment of mourning or penitence. In the provided context, it is used in the dative case, indicating the material or state in which an action occurs, often alongside fasting and ashes, signifying deep humility, repentance, or distress.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΠΟΔΟΣ, ΤΕΦΡΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΑΚΚΟΣ (sakkōs) is of Semitic origin, likely from Hebrew שַׂק (saq), meaning 'sack' or 'sackcloth'. It entered Greek and then Latin, influencing many European languages.

G2521

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-THEE-meh-noy

Translations: sitting, those sitting, who sit

Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'to sit'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting. It can be used to describe people who are seated, or metaphorically, those who are settled in a particular state or place. For example, it can refer to people sitting in darkness or those sitting near someone.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek καθέζομαι (kathézomai, “to sit down”), from κατά (katá, “down”) + ἕζομαι (hézomai, “to sit”).

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G417

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NEK-toh-teh-ron

Translations: more tolerable, more bearable

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ανεκτος' (anektos), meaning 'tolerable' or 'bearable'. It indicates a greater degree of tolerability or bearableness, often used in contexts comparing the fate or judgment of one group or place to another, suggesting that one will experience a less severe outcome than the other.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative Degree

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΟΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΚΟΥΦΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G2584

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kah-far-NAH-oom

Translations: Capernaum

Notes: Capernaum was a significant city located on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee in ancient Israel. It is frequently mentioned in the New Testament as a center of Jesus' ministry, where he performed many miracles and taught extensively. It was also the home of several of his apostles.

Inflection: Singular, Does not inflect (as a proper noun)

Etymology: The name 'Capernaum' is derived from the Hebrew 'Kfar Nahum', meaning 'village of Nahum'. It is believed to be named after the prophet Nahum, though this is not definitively established.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-ra-NOO

Translations: of heaven, of the heavens, of sky, of the sky

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΥΡΑΝΟΥ (ouranou), meaning 'of heaven' or 'of the heavens'. It refers to the celestial dwelling place of God, or simply the sky above the earth. It is commonly used in phrases like 'the kingdom of heaven' or 'birds of the air/sky'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ (ouranos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to the vault of the sky, the heavens, or the dwelling place of God.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-bee-bah-STHEH-see

Translations: you will be brought down, you will be cast down, you will be lowered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down', and the verb βιβάζω (bibazo), meaning 'to cause to go, to make to ascend'. In this form, it means 'to bring down' or 'to cast down'. It is used to describe the action of being humbled or reduced from a high position to a low one, often in a metaphorical sense of judgment or downfall. It is typically used in a future passive sense, indicating that the subject will be made to descend or be brought low by an external force.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word καταβιβάζω (katabibazo) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βιβάζω (bibazo), meaning 'to cause to go' or 'to make to ascend'. The combination thus signifies 'to cause to go down' or 'to bring down'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-theh-san

Translations: they were born, they came into being, they became, they happened, they occurred, they arose, they were made

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be born,' 'to come into being,' 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' It describes an event or a state of becoming, rather than a static state of being. It is often used to indicate the beginning of something or a change in condition. It is a compound word, but the prefix is not clearly separable in this form.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΓΝΟΜΑΙ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-mei-ne

Translations: he remained, she remained, it remained, he abode, she abode, it abode, he stayed, she stayed, it stayed, he endured, she endured, it endured

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΜΕΝΩ' (MENO). It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed, indicating that someone or something remained, abode, stayed, or endured in a particular place or state.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΜΕΙΝΕ, ΠΑΡΕΜΕΙΝΕ, ΠΡΟΣΕΜΕΙΝΕ

Etymology: The verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to remain, to stay'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of stability or remaining in place.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-mei-neh

Translations: remained, abode, stayed, endured

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the verb 'ἔμεινεν' or 'ἔμεινε', which means 'he/she/it remained' or 'he/she/it abode'. It is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'μένω'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed. It can be used to describe someone staying in a place, continuing in a state, or enduring a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to stay, remain'.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-noh

Translations: (to) that, (to) those

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'those'. It is used to point out something or someone at a distance, or something previously mentioned. In this dative form, it indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument, often translated with 'to' or 'for' or simply as 'that' when modifying a dative noun, as in 'in that time'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROH

Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the Koine Greek preposition ΠΕΡΙ. It is used to express various relationships, primarily 'about' or 'concerning' when followed by a genitive case, indicating the subject or topic of discussion. When followed by an accusative case, it can mean 'around' (referring to place) or 'concerning' (referring to time). It can also mean 'on behalf of' or 'for' when used with the genitive.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (to go through, to pass over).

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G4908

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: soon-eh-TON

Translations: of understanding, of wise, of intelligent, of prudent

Notes: This word describes someone who is understanding, intelligent, or wise. It refers to a person who possesses good judgment and discernment, capable of comprehending complex matters. It is used to characterize individuals who are insightful and thoughtful in their actions and decisions.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΣΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ (synetos) comes from the verb ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ (syniemi), meaning 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the root ΙΗΜΙ (hiemi), meaning 'to send' or 'to put'. Thus, it implies putting things together mentally to achieve understanding.

G601

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-eh-ka-LOOP-sas

Translations: you revealed, you uncovered, you disclosed, you made known

Notes: This word describes the act of revealing, uncovering, or disclosing something that was previously hidden or unknown. It implies making something manifest or bringing it to light, often in a spiritual or divine sense.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ (KALUPTO), meaning 'to cover' or 'to hide'. Thus, it literally means 'to uncover' or 'to unhide'.

G3516

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NAY-pee-oys

Translations: infants, children, little children, babes, simple-minded, immature, foolish, to infants, to children, to little children, to babes, to simple-minded, to immature, to foolish

Notes: This word refers to infants or young children, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is immature, simple-minded, or foolish, lacking understanding or spiritual maturity. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating 'to' or 'for' these individuals.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΙΔΙΑ, ΒΡΕΦΗ

G2107

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-doh-KEE-ah

Translations: good pleasure, goodwill, favor, delight, desire, a good pleasure, a goodwill, a favor, a delight, a desire

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'good pleasure,' 'goodwill,' 'favor,' or 'delight.' It often refers to God's benevolent disposition or His gracious will. It can describe a state of being pleased with someone or something, or a favorable inclination towards a person or action. In theological contexts, it frequently denotes God's sovereign and benevolent purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ, ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΔΟΚΙΑ (eudokia) is derived from the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good,' and the noun δόξα (doxa), meaning 'opinion,' 'judgment,' or 'glory.' Thus, it literally means 'good opinion' or 'good judgment,' evolving to signify 'goodwill' or 'pleasure.'

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-thee

Translations: he was delivered, it was delivered, he was handed over, it was handed over, he was betrayed, it was betrayed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'paradidomi', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', or 'to betray'. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past, where the subject received the action (was handed over, delivered, or betrayed). It is often used in contexts of legal or judicial delivery, or in the sense of someone being betrayed to an enemy.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3762

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: oo-DEES

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (ou, meaning 'not') and 'εἷς' (heis, meaning 'one'). It functions as an adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one', 'nobody', 'nothing', or 'not even one'. It is used to express absolute negation or absence. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'There is no one here' or 'He said nothing'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and ΕΙΣ (heis, 'one'). It literally means 'not one'.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-ghee-NOH-skee

Translations: to know fully, to know accurately, to recognize, to understand, to acknowledge, to become acquainted with

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'επι' (upon, in addition to) and 'γινωσκω' (to know). It signifies a deeper, more complete, or more accurate knowledge than simple knowing. It implies a knowledge that comes through experience or full apprehension, often leading to recognition or acknowledgment.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: Derived from the preposition 'επι' (upon, in addition to) and the verb 'γινωσκω' (to know). The prefix intensifies the meaning of knowing, suggesting a full or complete knowledge.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-TEH-ra

Translations: Father, a Father

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΑΤΕΡΑ (PATERA), meaning 'Father'. It is the accusative singular form of the noun ΠΑΤΗΡ (PATER), which means 'father'. In ancient Greek manuscripts, scribes often abbreviated common words, especially sacred names (nomina sacra), by using an overline to indicate the contraction. This particular abbreviation, ‾ΠΡ‾Α, is used when the word 'Father' is the direct object of a verb or preposition, such as 'towards the Father' or 'I live because of the Father'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'father'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G0601

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-ka-LYP-se

Translations: he revealed, he uncovered, he disclosed, reveal!, uncover!, disclose!

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'apokalypto', meaning 'to reveal', 'to uncover', or 'to disclose'. It can be used to describe the act of making something known that was previously hidden or secret. Depending on the context, it can be an aorist active indicative (he/she/it revealed) or an aorist active imperative (reveal!).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative OR Second Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'apokalypto' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'apo' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb 'kalypto' (meaning 'to cover' or 'to conceal'). Thus, it literally means 'to uncover' or 'to take away the covering'.

G1205

Part of Speech: Verb, Adverb

Sounds like: DEW-teh

Translations: Come!, Come!, Come here!, Come on!

Notes: This word is an imperative, meaning 'Come!' or 'Come here!'. It is used as an invitation or an exhortation to action, often followed by a subjunctive verb to indicate the purpose or result of coming. It can be used for both singular and plural subjects, though it is grammatically plural in form. For example, it might be used to say 'Come, let us go!'

Inflection: Imperative, Second Person, Plural (often used for singular as well)

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΕΣΘΕ, ΙΤΕ

Etymology: From an obsolete imperative of an uncontracted form of ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2872

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: koh-pee-OHN-tes

Translations: toiling, laboring, working hard, weary, exhausted

Notes: This word describes someone who is toiling, laboring, or working hard, often to the point of weariness or exhaustion. It implies strenuous effort and can refer to physical work, mental exertion, or spiritual struggle. It is used to describe those who are burdened or worn out by their efforts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΟΧΘΩΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΜΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΠΙΑΩ comes from the noun κόπος (kopos), meaning 'toil, labor, trouble'.

G5412

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-for-TISS-meh-noy

Translations: burdened, heavy-laden

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'φορτίζω' (phortizo), meaning 'to load' or 'to burden'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has been burdened or is heavy-laden. It implies a state of being weighed down, either literally by a physical load or figuratively by troubles, responsibilities, or sins.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΡΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΟΠΙΩΝΤΕΣ

G0373

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-PAH-soo

Translations: I will give rest, I will refresh, I will cause to rest, I will take rest, I will find rest

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to give rest, to refresh, or to cause someone to rest. It can also mean to take rest or find rest for oneself. It is often used in the context of physical rest or spiritual refreshment.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΑΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ, ΑΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') + παύω (pauō, 'to stop, to cease'). It literally means 'to cause to cease up' or 'to cause to stop again', leading to the sense of rest or refreshment.

G2218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ZOO-gon

Translations: yoke, a yoke, balance, a balance, pair, a pair

Notes: This word refers to a wooden bar or frame that is fitted over the necks of two animals, typically oxen, and attached to a plow or cart, allowing them to pull together. Metaphorically, it can represent a burden, servitude, or submission, but also a connection or partnership. It can also refer to the beam of a balance scale or a pair of things, such as a pair of scales or a pair of animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΡΟΣ, ΖΕΥΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΖΥΓΟΝ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to join' or 'to yoke'. It is related to English words like 'yoke' and 'join'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EF

Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G4239

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PRAH-oos

Translations: meek, gentle, humble, a meek one, a gentle one, a humble one

Notes: This word describes someone who is meek, gentle, or humble. It implies a disposition of mildness and quietness, often in the face of adversity or provocation, and is not to be confused with weakness. It can be used to describe a person's character or demeanor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΣ, ΕΠΙΕΙΚΗΣ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'πρᾶος' (praos), which also means 'meek' or 'gentle'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G5011

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tah-pee-NOS

Translations: lowly, humble, abased, poor, a lowly one, a humble one

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something as being low, humble, or abased. It can refer to a person's social status, their spiritual condition, or their general demeanor, often implying a lack of pride or high standing. It is frequently used in a positive sense to describe humility, but can also denote a state of being brought low or impoverished.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΟΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of the word 'ταπεινός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to press down' or 'to be low'. It has been used in Greek literature since ancient times to describe a state of lowness or humility.

G2218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: zoo-GOS

Translations: yoke, a yoke, balance, a balance, pair, a pair, scales, a scales

Notes: This word refers to a wooden bar or frame by which two draft animals (like oxen) are joined at the neck for working together. Metaphorically, it can represent a burden, servitude, or submission. It can also refer to a balance or scales used for weighing, or a pair of things. It is used to describe both literal objects and abstract concepts of control or measurement.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΒΑΡΟΣ, ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *yugom, meaning 'yoke'. It is related to English 'yoke' and Latin 'iugum'.

G5543

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHRAY-stos

Translations: good, kind, useful, easy, gentle, a good one, a kind one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as good, kind, useful, or gentle. It can refer to a person's character, indicating they are benevolent or gracious. It can also describe things as being useful, beneficial, or easy to bear. For example, a yoke might be described as 'easy' (χρηστός) if it is not burdensome.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'. It originally meant 'useful' or 'serviceable', and later developed the sense of 'good' or 'kind' in a moral or benevolent sense.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1645