2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4341

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-kal-eh-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having called to oneself, having summoned, having invited, having called, having sent for

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that they 'called to themselves' or 'summoned' someone. It implies an initiative taken by the subject to bring someone closer, often for a specific purpose like giving instructions or having a discussion.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΠΕΜΠΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1427

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: DOH-deh-kah

Translations: twelve

Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Greek numeral 'twelve' (δώδεκα). In ancient Greek manuscripts, letters were often used to represent numbers, and an overline (or 'overline' as described) was used to indicate this numerical value. The letter Iota (Ι) represents 10, and Beta (Β) represents 2, thus combining to form 12. It is used to denote the quantity of twelve.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a numeral abbreviation)

Etymology: The word δώδεκα (dodeka) comes from δύο (duo, 'two') and δέκα (deka, 'ten').

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pneu-MAH-ton

Translations: of spirits, of the spirits

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ (pneumaton), meaning 'of spirits' or 'of the spirits'. It is the genitive plural form of ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (pneuma), which refers to spirit, breath, or wind. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, human spirit, or demonic spirits. This form indicates possession or origin, as in 'the power of spirits' or 'the nature of spirits'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: From the Greek word πνέω (pneo), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G0169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-ka-THAR-ton

Translations: of unclean, of impure, of defiled

Notes: This word describes something as unclean, impure, or defiled. In Koine Greek, particularly in the New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to 'unclean spirits' or things that are ritually or morally impure. It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun to describe its quality of being unclean.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΚΟΙΝΩΝΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'un-') and 'καθαρός' (katharos), meaning 'clean' or 'pure'. Thus, it literally means 'not clean' or 'unclean'.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-BAL-lin

Translations: to cast out, to throw out, to drive out, to send out, to bring forth, to expel, to divorce

Notes: This verb means to cast, throw, or drive out, often with force or authority. It can be used in various contexts, such as expelling demons, driving out people from a place, or even bringing forth fruit or a child. It implies a forceful removal or expulsion from an inside to an outside location.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (EK), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (BALLO), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Thus, it literally means 'to throw out'.

G2323

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: the-rah-PEH-oo-ein

Translations: to heal, to cure, to serve, to worship, to attend, to restore

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to heal' or 'to cure' in a physical sense, often referring to the restoration of health. It can also mean 'to serve' or 'to attend to' someone, implying care or ministration. In a religious context, it can mean 'to worship' or 'to render religious service to God'. Its meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΙΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'θεραπεύω' (therapeuō) comes from 'θεράπων' (therapōn), meaning 'attendant' or 'servant'. It originally referred to the act of serving or attending to someone, which then extended to caring for the sick and, by extension, healing them.

G3119

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-lah-KEE-an

Translations: sickness, a sickness, disease, a disease, infirmity, an infirmity, weakness, a weakness

Notes: This word refers to a state of physical weakness, sickness, or disease. It can describe a general condition of ill health or a specific ailment. It is often used in contexts describing physical suffering or the absence of health.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΣΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the adjective μαλακός (malakos), meaning 'soft' or 'weak'. The noun form denotes the state or quality of being soft or weak, hence 'weakness' or 'sickness'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TOH-lohn

Translations: of apostles, apostles'

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'apostolos', meaning 'apostle' or 'messenger'. It refers to a group of individuals who are sent out with a specific message or mission, particularly the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of apostles' or 'apostles''. For example, 'the teaching of the apostles' or 'the churches of the apostles'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΩΝ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-tos

Translations: first, a first, chief, principal, foremost, the first

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, rank, or importance. It can be used as an adjective to describe a noun, or it can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the first one' or 'the chief person/thing'. It indicates precedence or priority.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the English word 'prior'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-DEL-fos

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow believer, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers primarily to a male sibling, a brother. However, in a broader sense, it can also denote a fellow human being, a countryman, a kinsman, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is commonly used to address or refer to members of a community or group who share a common bond.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'together' and 'δελφύς' (delphys) meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb', referring to siblings.

G2384

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-bos

Translations: Jacob, James

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a male individual. In the New Testament, it is used to refer to several prominent figures, most notably Jacob, the patriarch of Israel, and James, the brother of Jesus and leader of the Jerusalem church, as well as James, the son of Zebedee and apostle. The name is consistently used to identify these specific individuals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name IAKWBOS is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב). It means 'supplanter' or 'he who grasps the heel'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nays

Translations: John

Notes: This is a common biblical name, equivalent to the English 'John'. It is a masculine proper noun frequently appearing in the New Testament, referring to several individuals such as John the Baptist, John the Apostle, and John Mark. It is derived from a Hebrew name meaning 'Yahweh is gracious'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Hellenistic period.

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PHI-lip-pos

Translations: Philip

Notes: This is a masculine proper name, commonly translated as Philip. It refers to several individuals in ancient history, including apostles, kings, and other notable figures. It is used in sentences as the subject of a verb or as a direct object, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Φίλιππος (Philippos) is of Greek origin, derived from the words φίλος (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'lover', and ἵππος (hippos), meaning 'horse'. Thus, it literally means 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses'.

G5057

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: teh-LOH-nays

Translations: tax collector, a tax collector, publican, a publican

Notes: This word refers to a tax collector, an individual responsible for collecting taxes, especially in the Roman Empire. These individuals were often viewed with disdain due to their association with the Roman occupation and their reputation for corruption. The word is a compound of 'τέλος' (TELOS), meaning 'tax' or 'duty', and 'ὠνέομαι' (ŌNEOMAI), meaning 'to buy' or 'to purchase', referring to the practice of buying the right to collect taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΩΝΗΣ is a compound derived from the Greek words ΤΕΛΟΣ (TELOS), meaning 'tax' or 'duty', and ΩΝΕΟΜΑΙ (ŌNEOMAI), meaning 'to buy' or 'to purchase'. It refers to someone who bought the right to collect taxes.

G2421

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: is-ka-ree-OH-tays

Translations: Iscariot

Notes: This word refers to a surname, most famously associated with Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus. The name likely indicates his place of origin, possibly from Kerioth in Judea. It is used to distinguish him from other individuals named Judas.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The etymology of 'Iscariot' is debated, but the most widely accepted theory is that it derives from the Hebrew phrase 'ish Kerioth' (אִישׁ קְרִיּוֹת), meaning 'man of Kerioth'. Kerioth was a town in Judea.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-DOOS

Translations: having delivered, having handed over, having given up, having betrayed, having committed, having entrusted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραδίδωμι' (paradidōmi), meaning 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' 'to give up,' or 'to betray.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the agent who performed the action of handing over or delivering something, or the state of having done so. For example, it can be used to describe someone who has delivered a message, handed over a prisoner, or betrayed a trust.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-dee-DOOS

Translations: handing over, delivering, giving up, betraying, committing, entrusting, transmitting

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'paradidomi'. It describes the action of 'handing over' or 'delivering' something or someone. Depending on the context, it can mean to deliver into custody, to give up, to betray, to commit or entrust something to someone, or to transmit traditions or teachings. It implies a transfer of responsibility, possession, or information.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-steh-len

Translations: he sent, he sent away, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a delegation of authority or a dispatching from one place to another. It is frequently used in the context of sending messengers, apostles, or even objects.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποστέλλω (apostellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'. Thus, it literally means 'to send away from'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-EL-thay-tie

Translations: let them enter, they may enter, they should enter, they might enter

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to go in', 'to come in', or 'to enter'. It describes the action of moving from an outside position to an inside one. This particular form is a subjunctive, indicating a potential, desired, or hypothetical action, often translated with 'may', 'might', 'should', or 'let them'. It is used for commands, exhortations, or expressing possibility.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-LOH-loh-tah

Translations: lost, perished, destroyed, ruined, those who are lost, the lost ones

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb APOLLUMI (G0622), which means 'to destroy,' 'to lose,' or 'to perish.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that has been lost, destroyed, or has perished. In the provided context, 'τα απολωλοτα' refers to 'the lost ones' or 'the lost sheep,' emphasizing a state of being lost or having perished.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΕΣΘΕΝΤΑ, ΑΠΟΛΩΛΕΚΟΤΑ

Etymology: The word APOLLUMI (G0622) is formed from the prefix APO- (G575), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and OLLUMI, meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose.' The combination signifies a complete destruction or loss, often implying a separation from a previous state.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-KOO

Translations: of a house, of a home, of a household, of a family, of a temple, of a dwelling

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a house, home, or dwelling place. It can also refer to a household, family, or even a temple. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. It is used to describe the place where people live or a group of people living together.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: por-YOO-meh-noy

Translations: going, walking, traveling, journeying, those who are going, those who are walking

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an ongoing action of movement. It can be used to refer to individuals who are in the process of moving from one place to another, often implying a journey or a specific direction. For example, it might describe 'those who are going' or 'people who are walking'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1448

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-GHEE-ken

Translations: has drawn near, is at hand, has come near, has approached

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to draw near,' 'to approach,' or 'to be at hand.' It is often used to indicate that an event or time is imminent or has arrived. It conveys a sense of proximity, either in space or time. For example, it can describe a person approaching a place or a significant event, like the end of an age or a specific time, being very close.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΦΘΑΣΕΝ, ΠΑΡΕΣΤΗΚΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΓΙΖΩ is derived from the Greek adjective ΕΓΓΥΣ (ENGGYS), meaning 'near' or 'close.' The verb form signifies the action of becoming near or causing something to be near.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-rah-NOHN

Translations: of heavens, of the heavens, of heaven, of the heaven

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΥΡΑΝΩΝ (OURANON), meaning 'of heavens' or 'of the heavens'. It is the genitive plural form of the noun ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ (OURANOS), which refers to the sky, the firmament, or the dwelling place of God and spiritual beings. In ancient Greek, it is often used in the plural to denote the entirety of the celestial realm.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cover' or 'to enclose'.

G0770

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: as-theh-NOON-tas

Translations: those who are weak, the weak, those who are sick, the sick, those who are ill, the ill

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'astheneo', meaning 'to be weak, sick, or ill'. In this form, it functions as a substantive, referring to people who are in a state of weakness, sickness, or illness. It describes a continuous or ongoing condition of being weak or infirm.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΡΩΣΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAY-reh-tai

Translations: he is raised, he is awakened, he arises, he is stirred up, he is roused

Notes: This word describes the action of being raised, awakened, or caused to stand up. It can refer to physical rising, such as from sleep or a prone position, or to a metaphorical rising, like being stirred up or roused to action. In a passive sense, it means to be raised up by someone or something else, often in the context of resurrection or being established.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive or Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΕΤΑΙ

G2511

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-thah-REE-zeh-tai

Translations: is cleansed, is purified, is made clean

Notes: This word means to be made clean, pure, or free from defilement. It is often used in a ritual or moral sense, referring to the process of purification or cleansing. It describes an action being done to the subject, rather than the subject performing the action.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ comes from the Greek adjective καθαρός (katharos), meaning 'clean' or 'pure'.

G1432

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: doh-reh-AHN

Translations: freely, for nothing, without cause, in vain, gratuitously, undeservedly

Notes: This word means 'freely' or 'gratuitously,' indicating something given or done without cost or obligation. It can also mean 'without cause' or 'in vain,' implying that something is done without a valid reason or achieves no purpose. It is used to describe actions that are unmerited or without charge.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΔΩΡΕΑ

Etymology: From the noun δωρεά (dōrea), meaning 'a gift' or 'a present,' which itself comes from δῶρον (dōron), also meaning 'gift.' The suffix -αν makes it an adverb.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-beh-teh

Translations: you took, you received, you got, you obtained

Notes: This word is the second person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, without specifying whether it was a continuous or repeated action. It is used when referring to a group of people who performed the action.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΛΑΓΧΑΝΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-teh

Translations: give, grant, allow, entrust, deliver

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It is used as a command or an exhortation, instructing someone or a group of people to perform the action of giving. It can also imply entrusting something to someone or delivering something.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΩΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃-, meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated verb, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEE-ran

Translations: they took, they carried, they lifted, they raised

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It means 'they took', 'they carried', 'they lifted', or 'they raised'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often with the sense of picking something up or removing it. For example, it can be used to describe people lifting their voices or taking something away.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The verb 'αἴρω' (airō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lift, to raise'.

G5509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-TOH-nas

Translations: tunics, coats, garments

Notes: This word refers to an undergarment or tunic, typically worn next to the skin, similar to a shirt or a long robe. It was a common piece of clothing in ancient times, worn by both men and women. In the provided context, it is used in its plural form, referring to multiple tunics or garments.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word "χιτών" (chitōn) is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a word similar to the Hebrew "kuttoneth" or Aramaic "kittuna", referring to a tunic or shirt.

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-os

Translations: worthy, deserving, suitable, fitting, a worthy, a deserving

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something or someone as having a certain value, merit, or suitability. It is used to indicate that a person or thing is deserving of something, whether it be praise, punishment, or a particular status. It can also mean that something is appropriate or fitting for a given situation. For example, one might be 'worthy of honor' or an action might be 'fitting for the occasion'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΞΙΟΣ' is believed to derive from the Proto-Indo-European root *ag- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to concepts of weighing or balancing, suggesting a sense of having equal weight or value.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2040

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: er-GAH-tace

Translations: worker, laborer, workman, a worker, a laborer, a workman

Notes: This word refers to a person who performs work or labor, a worker. It can be used to describe anyone engaged in a task, whether manual or intellectual, and often implies someone who earns a living through their work. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to those who work in a field, vineyard, or for a master, but also metaphorically for those who serve God or perform spiritual labor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word "εργατης" (ergatēs) is derived from the Greek verb "εργάζομαι" (ergazomai), meaning "to work" or "to labor," which itself comes from "ἔργον" (ergon), meaning "work" or "deed." Thus, an "εργατης" is literally "one who works."

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-main

Translations: village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a village or a small town, typically an unfortified settlement smaller than a city. It is used to denote a rural community or a collection of dwellings outside of a major urban center. In a sentence, it would often be used to indicate a destination or location, such as 'they went to the village' or 'he lived in a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'settlement' or 'unfortified dwelling'. It is related to Latin 'pagus' (country district, village) and English 'home'.

G1833

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-eh-TAH-sah-tai

Translations: they have been examined, they have been investigated, let them be examined, let them be investigated, you all examine yourselves, you all investigate yourselves

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'exetazo', meaning to examine, investigate, or scrutinize. The specific form 'ΕΞΕΤΑΣΑΤΑΙ' can be interpreted in a few ways depending on context, as ancient Greek manuscripts often lacked diacritics. It could be a 3rd person plural perfect passive indicative, meaning 'they have been examined' or 'they have been investigated'. Alternatively, it could be a 2nd person plural perfect middle/passive imperative, meaning 'examine yourselves' or 'investigate yourselves'. It describes an action of thorough inquiry or scrutiny, either performed upon a subject or by a group upon themselves.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Perfect, Passive, Indicative OR 2nd Person Plural, Perfect, Middle/Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΡΕΥΝΑΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ἐτάζω (etazō, 'to examine'). It implies a thorough examination or scrutiny, bringing something out into the open for inspection.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G3415

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-KAY

Translations: bear a grudge, hold a grudge, remember evil, be resentful

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΩ' (mnesikakeo), which means to bear or hold a grudge, to remember evil, or to be resentful. It is a compound word formed from 'ΜΝΗΣΙΣ' (mnesis), meaning 'remembrance', and 'ΚΑΚΟΣ' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. Therefore, it literally means 'to remember evil'. It describes the act of harboring ill will or resentment towards someone for a past wrong.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙ) or Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙΤΕ) or Present, Active, Imperative, Third Person Singular (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙΤΩ). The provided form 'ΚΑΚΕΙ' is a component of these inflections, specifically the stem 'κακει-' before the personal endings. In the context of the examples, it is part of the verb 'ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙ' (mnesikakei), which is Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular.

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΜΗΝΙΩ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thay-tai

Translations: you may go out, you may come out, you may depart

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out', 'to come out', or 'to depart'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or leaving a location. It is often used in contexts of physical movement, but can also refer to things coming forth or emerging.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ice-ER-kho-meh-noy

Translations: entering, coming in, going in, those who enter

Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to enter' or 'to come in'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, describing people or things that are in the process of entering, or substantively, referring to 'those who are entering' or 'the ones entering'. It often implies movement into a place or a state.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: leh-GOH-tes

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, those who say, those who speak

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'saying' or 'speaking'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the manner in which someone is acting. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'they came, saying...' or 'he walked, speaking to himself'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can denote the absence of conflict, a sense of well-being, or even prosperity. It is often used in greetings or farewells, wishing someone well, and can refer to both internal peace and external societal peace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G0514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ax-EE-ah

Translations: worth, value, dignity, merit, desert, due, a worth, a value

Notes: This word refers to the inherent worth, value, or dignity of a person or thing. It can also denote what is due or fitting, often in the sense of desert or merit. It is used to describe the quality of being worthy or deserving.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Plural, Accusative; Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΚΑΤΑΞΙΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'ἄξιος' (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. It is related to the verb 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to weigh', suggesting the idea of being 'of weight' or 'of value'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-THA-toh

Translations: let him come, let it come, let them come, come

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is used as a command or an exhortation, indicating that someone or something should come or go. It can refer to a person, an event, or an abstract concept. For example, 'let your kingdom come' or 'let him come out'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular or Plural, Aorist, Imperative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to go'. It is a common verb in Greek, with a complex set of principal parts due to its suppletive nature, drawing forms from different stems.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, quietness, rest, harmony

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can describe a cessation of war, a state of quietness, or a harmonious relationship between individuals or groups. It is a common word used in various contexts to denote well-being and absence of conflict.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EF

Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-KOO-see

Translations: you may hear, you may listen, you may understand, he will hear, she will hear, it will hear, he will listen, she will listen, it will listen, he will understand, she will understand, it will understand

Notes: This word is a verb form of 'akouo' (to hear, listen, understand). Without diacritics, 'ΑΚΟΥΣΗ' can represent two distinct inflections: either the 2nd person singular aorist subjunctive (meaning 'you may hear/listen/understand') or the 3rd person singular future indicative (meaning 'he/she/it will hear/listen/understand'). Its meaning in a sentence depends on the context and the intended mood/tense.

Inflection: 2nd Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive OR 3rd Person Singular, Future Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the English word 'acoustic'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ex-ER-kho-meh-noy

Translations: going out, coming out, departing, going forth, coming forth

Notes: This word describes the action of moving out from a place or state. It is often used to indicate a departure or an emergence. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the process of going out or has gone out, often indicating a continuous or concurrent action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ

G3614

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-kee-AS

Translations: (of) house, (of) home, (of) household, (of) family

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a home. It can also extend to mean a household or a family, encompassing the people living within the house. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, similar to 'of a house' or 'belonging to a household'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to a physical dwelling or a family unit.

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-mays

Translations: of a village, of a town, of a country town

Notes: This word refers to a village, a small town, or a country town. It is used to describe a settlement that is smaller than a city but larger than a mere collection of houses. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΟΠΟΛΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom- (meaning 'village, settlement'). It is related to the Latin 'vicus' (village) and the English 'home'.

G2868

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-nee-OR-ton

Translations: dust, a dust

Notes: This word refers to dust, especially fine dust or a cloud of dust. It is a compound word formed from 'κονία' (konía), meaning 'dust' or 'ash', and 'ὄρνυμι' (órnumi), meaning 'to rouse' or 'to stir up'. It is used to describe the particulate matter that is stirred up from the ground, often by movement or wind, and can obscure vision or settle on surfaces.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΝΙΑ, ΨΑΜΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΝΙΟΡΤΟΣ is a compound noun derived from the Greek words κονία (konía), meaning 'dust' or 'ash', and ὄρνυμι (órnumi), meaning 'to stir up' or 'to rouse'. It literally means 'that which is stirred up dust'.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G0281

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-MEN

Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it

Notes: This word is an affirmation, meaning 'truly' or 'so be it'. It is often used to express agreement or to confirm the truth of a statement. It can appear at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize the truthfulness of what is about to be said, or at the end of a prayer or declaration to signify assent and a desire for the preceding words to come to pass.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn', meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.

G417

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NEK-toh-teh-ron

Translations: more tolerable, more bearable

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ανεκτος' (anektos), meaning 'tolerable' or 'bearable'. It indicates a greater degree of tolerability or bearableness, often used in contexts comparing the fate or judgment of one group or place to another, suggesting that one will experience a less severe outcome than the other.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative Degree

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΟΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΚΟΥΦΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEL-loh

Translations: to send, to send away, to send forth, to dispatch

Notes: This verb means 'to send' or 'to send away'. It is often used in the context of dispatching someone or something for a specific purpose or mission. It can refer to sending people, messages, or objects, and implies a deliberate act of commissioning or delegating.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and στέλλω (stellō, 'to send, to prepare'). It literally means 'to send away from'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3074

Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: LY-koh

Translations: wolf, a wolf, (to) a wolf, (to) the Lycus, Lycus (river)

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'λύκος' (lykos), meaning 'wolf'. It can refer to a literal wolf or be used metaphorically to describe a dangerous or predatory person. It can also refer to the Lycus River, a geographical location. In a sentence, it would typically function as the indirect object, indicating 'to a wolf' or 'for a wolf', or as the object of a preposition that takes the dative case, such as 'ἐν' (in) or 'ἐπί' (on/upon).

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHEE-nes-theh

Translations: be, become, come to pass, happen, arise, be made, be done

Notes: This verb means 'to be,' 'to become,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to happen.' It is often used to describe a change of state or a process, rather than a static condition. It can also mean 'to be made' or 'to be done' when used in the passive voice. In the imperative mood, as in 'ΓΙΝΕΣΘΕ', it functions as a command or exhortation, telling someone to 'be' or 'become' something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G3789

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-fis

Translations: snake, serpent, a snake, a serpent

Notes: This word refers to a snake or serpent. In ancient Greek literature, it can be used literally to describe the animal, but often carries symbolic connotations, representing cunning, danger, or evil, particularly in religious or mythological contexts. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΡΑΚΩΝ, ΕΧΙΔΝΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΟΦΙΣ' comes from Proto-Indo-European, with cognates in other Indo-European languages. It has consistently referred to a snake or serpent throughout its historical development.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0175

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KAI-ree-oy

Translations: harmless, innocent, guileless, simple, without guile, without evil, without malice

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is harmless, innocent, or without guile. It implies a lack of malicious intent or evil. It is often used to characterize a gentle and unsuspecting nature.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ, ΑΚΑΚΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix 'A' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ΚΑΙΡΟΣ' (KAIROS), which means 'time' or 'opportune moment'. The combination suggests 'not timely' or 'out of season', but in a moral sense, it evolved to mean 'harmless' or 'innocent', perhaps implying a lack of worldly cunning or opportune malice.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EKH-eh-teh

Translations: pay attention, take heed, beware, give heed, attend to, apply oneself

Notes: This word means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, to be cautious, or to apply oneself diligently. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command or warning, urging someone to be careful or to listen closely. It can also mean to hold to or devote oneself to something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to direct towards'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-THRO-pon

Translations: of men, of people, of humans

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the Koine Greek word 'ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ' (anthrōpōn), which is the genitive plural form of 'ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ' (anthrōpos), meaning 'human' or 'man'. It refers to something belonging to or related to multiple people or humanity in general. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'the customs of men' or 'the wisdom of people'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΩΝ, ΑΝΔΡΩΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπων (anthrṓpōn), genitive plural of ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos), which is of uncertain origin, possibly from ἀνήρ (anēr, “man”) and ὤψ (ōps, “eye, face”).

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-doh-SOO-sin

Translations: they will hand over, they will deliver, they will betray, they will commit, they will entrust

Notes: This word is the future active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'παραδίδωμι' (paradidōmi). It means 'they will hand over' or 'they will deliver'. It can also carry the sense of 'betraying' someone or 'committing' something into someone's care. It is used to describe an action of transferring something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-eh-DREE-ah

Translations: council, a council, assembly, a session, a sitting, a seat

Notes: This word refers to a formal gathering or assembly, often for deliberation or judgment, such as a council or a court. It can also refer to the act of sitting together or a place where people sit together. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἕδρα' (a seat or sitting).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting.' The word literally means 'a sitting together.'

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G0091

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: akh-THEH-ses-thai

Translations: to be burdened, to be distressed, to be grieved, to be annoyed, to be vexed

Notes: This word describes the state of being burdened, distressed, or grieved. It implies a feeling of heaviness or annoyance, often due to a difficult situation or something that causes mental or emotional discomfort. It is the future passive infinitive form of the verb 'achthomai'.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΕΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΡΥΝΟΜΑΙ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'achthomai' (root of 'achthēsesthai') is derived from 'achthos' (G0092), meaning 'a burden' or 'a load'. It signifies the feeling of being weighed down by something.

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EN-eh-ken

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of, (of) for, (of) by reason of

Notes: ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an improper preposition that typically takes the genitive case, meaning 'because of' or 'on account of'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'for this reason' or 'therefore'. It is used to express the cause or reason behind an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect; takes the genitive case when used as a preposition.

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an ancient Greek word, likely formed from the preposition 'en' (in) and a form related to 'heka' (on account of). It has been in use since classical Greek and continued into Koine Greek.

G3142

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mar-too-REE-on

Translations: testimony, a testimony, witness, a witness, evidence, a proof

Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence. It is used to describe something that provides proof or confirmation of a fact or event. It can refer to the act of bearing witness or the content of what is testified.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ

Etymology: From G3144 (μάρτυς, 'martys'), meaning 'witness'. It refers to that which is borne witness to, or the content of a witness's testimony.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G3862

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-DO-see

Translations: tradition, a tradition, instruction, teaching, delivery, a delivery

Notes: This word refers to something handed down, whether orally or in writing, such as a tradition, teaching, or instruction. It can also refer to the act of handing over or delivering something. In a religious context, it often refers to established customs or doctrines.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΧΗ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb παραδίδωμι (paradidomi), meaning 'to hand over, deliver,' which is formed from παρά (para, 'beside, by') and δίδωμι (didomi, 'to give'). Thus, it literally means 'a handing over' or 'that which is handed over.'

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LEE-see-teh

Translations: you may speak, you should speak, you speak, you might speak

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), which means to speak, say, or talk. It generally refers to uttering sounds or words, often in a conversational or declarative manner. It can be used in various contexts, such as speaking to someone, speaking about something, or simply making a sound.

Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'λαλέω' is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of babbling or talking. It is related to the Greek word 'λάλος' (lalos), meaning talkative.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G5210

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: hoo-MEES

Translations: you, to you, for you, by you, with you

Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents either the nominative form 'ὑμεῖς' (you) or the dative form 'ὑμῖν' (to/for/by/with you). Its specific meaning in a sentence depends on the grammatical case it represents, which is often determined by context or the presence of prepositions. It refers to a group of people being addressed.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative

Etymology: The word 'ὑμεῖς' (hymeis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yuH- (you). It is the plural form of the second-person pronoun.

G2980

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-LOO-tes

Translations: speaking, talking, saying, proclaiming

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the sentence. It indicates an ongoing action of speaking or talking. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the men speaking' or 'while they were speaking'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEH-oo-mah

Translations: Spirit, a Spirit, wind, breath

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (nomina sacra) for ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (PNEUMA). It refers to spirit, breath, or wind. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also describe a human spirit or a non-physical entity. The context usually clarifies its specific meaning.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'. It refers to that which is breathed or blown.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow man, a fellow man

Notes: This word refers to a male sibling, a brother. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a member of the same community or faith. It is a masculine noun and is used here in the singular accusative case, typically functioning as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G5043

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEK-non

Translations: child, a child, son, a son, daughter, a daughter

Notes: This word refers to a child, offspring, or descendant. It can be used broadly to refer to a son or daughter, or more generally to a young person. It is often used in a tender or affectionate way, similar to how 'my child' or 'dear child' might be used in English. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to someone who is a spiritual 'child' or follower of another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΙΣ, ΥΙΟΣ, ΘΥΓΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: From the root τίκτω (tiktō), meaning 'to beget' or 'to bear'. It refers to that which is born or produced.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-an-as-TEE-son-tai

Translations: they will rise up, they will revolt, they will rebel

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefixes 'epi-' (upon, against) and 'ana-' (up, again) combined with the verb 'histēmi' (to stand). In this specific form, it means 'they will rise up against' or 'they will revolt/rebel'. It describes a future action where a group of people will take a stand or rise in opposition to something or someone.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'epi' (upon, against), 'ana' (up, again), and the verb 'histēmi' (to stand, to cause to stand). It signifies a standing up or rising against something.

G1081

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GOH-nis

Translations: seed, offspring, a seed, an offspring, generation, birth, a birth

Notes: This word refers to that which is begotten or produced, such as seed, offspring, or progeny. It can also denote the act of begetting or birth itself, or a generation. It is used in various contexts to describe lineage or the source of life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΡΜΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΟΝΙΣ (gonis) is derived from the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be born'. It relates to the concept of generation and origin.

G2289

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thah-nah-TOH-soo-sin

Translations: they will put to death, they will kill

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to put to death' or 'to kill'. It describes the action of causing someone's death. It is used to indicate a future action, specifically that a group of people will perform this act.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΝΑΤΟΩ (thanatoō) is derived from the noun ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ (thanatos), meaning 'death'. The suffix -όω indicates the action of causing or bringing about the state of the root noun.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-soo-MEH-noy

Translations: hated, being hated

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being hated' or 'those who are hated'. It describes someone or something that is currently the object of hatred. It is often used to describe a state or condition of being disliked or detested by others.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word μισέω (miseō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μῖσος (mîsos), meaning 'hatred'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-TOH

Translations: altogether, entirely, by all means, in every way

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As an adverb, 'παντῶ' means 'altogether' or 'entirely', indicating completeness or totality in an action or state. It can also mean 'by all means' or 'in every way', emphasizing a comprehensive manner.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΛΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΕΛΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'πᾶς' (pas), from which 'παντῶ' is derived, comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G5343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEV-geh-tai

Translations: flee, escape, run away, you flee, you escape, you run away

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to flee, escape, or run away. It is often used as an imperative, commanding a group of people to flee or escape from a situation or place. It can also describe the act of someone or something being avoided or shunned.

Inflection: Present, Imperative, Middle/Passive Voice, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΕΥΓΩ (pheugō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee, to run away'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G3101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-thay-TAYS

Translations: disciple, student, learner, a disciple, a student, a learner

Notes: This word refers to a learner, pupil, or student, especially one who follows the teachings and example of a master. In the New Testament, it is most commonly used to describe followers of Jesus Christ. It implies a close relationship of learning and adherence to the teacher's way of life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΤΗΣ, ΕΚΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. It describes one who is engaged in the act of learning or being taught.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-los

Translations: servant, a servant, slave, a slave, bondservant, a bondservant

Notes: The word "δούλος" (doulos) refers to a servant, slave, or bondservant. In ancient Greek society, a δούλος was typically someone who was the property of another, lacking personal rights and serving their master. However, in a religious context, it can also denote a devoted servant of God, emphasizing willing submission and loyalty rather than forced servitude.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word "δούλος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is thought to be related to the concept of being bound or enslaved.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

G0714

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: ar-KEH-toh

Translations: it is enough, it is sufficient, sufficient, enough, content, to be enough, to be sufficient, to be content

Notes: This word indicates that something is sufficient, adequate, or enough for a particular purpose or situation. It can also describe a state of being content or satisfied with what one has. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it is enough' or 'it suffices.' As an adjective, it means 'sufficient' or 'adequate.'

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (Verb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (Adjective)

Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΝ, ΕΞΑΡΚΕΙ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to ward off, to be strong enough, to suffice.'

G3101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-thee-TAY

Translations: disciple, a disciple, student, learner

Notes: This word refers to a learner, pupil, or follower. It is commonly used to describe someone who adheres to the teachings of another, such as a student following a teacher or a follower of a particular philosophy or religion. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the followers of Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΤΗΣ, ΕΚΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ (mathētēs) derives from the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. It refers to one who learns or is taught.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G1320

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: di-DAS-ka-los

Translations: teacher, a teacher, master, instructor

Notes: This word refers to a teacher, instructor, or master. It is used to denote someone who imparts knowledge or provides instruction, often in a formal or authoritative capacity. It can be used in various contexts, from a general educator to a religious or philosophical leader.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ, ΡΑΒΒΙ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διδάσκω (didaskō), meaning 'to teach', combined with the suffix -καλος (-kalos), which forms nouns indicating a person who performs the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who teaches'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G3617

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-ko-DES-po-teen

Translations: householder, master of a house, a master of a house

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΙΚΟΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΝ (oikodespoten), which means 'householder' or 'master of a house'. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δεσπότης' (despotes), meaning 'master' or 'lord'. It refers to the head of a household, responsible for its management and affairs.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From G3624 (οἶκος, 'house') and G1203 (δεσπότης, 'master'). It literally means 'master of a house'.

G0954

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bee-EL-zeh-bool

Translations: Beelzebul, Beelzebub

Notes: Beelzebul is a proper noun referring to a pagan deity, often identified in the New Testament with Satan or a chief demon. It is used to denote the prince of demons or the ruler of evil spirits. In the provided context, it is associated with the power by which demons are cast out, implying a connection to demonic authority.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΑΤΑΝΑϹ, ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟϹ

Etymology: The name Beelzebul is believed to be a Hellenized form of the Hebrew Ba'al Zevuv, meaning 'Lord of Flies'. It was a derogatory alteration of Ba'al Zebul, meaning 'Ba'al the Prince' or 'Ba'al the Exalted One', a title for the Canaanite god Ba'al.

G1941

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-ka-LEH-san-toh

Translations: they called upon, they appealed to, they invoked, they named, they surnamed

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative middle voice, third person plural form of the verb 'epikaleō'. It means 'they called upon' or 'they appealed to'. It is a compound verb formed from 'epi' (upon, over) and 'kaleō' (to call). It describes an action where a group of people invoked or appealed to someone or something, often for help, protection, or by name.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

G1941

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-KAH-leh-sahn

Translations: they called upon, they appealed to, they invoked, they named

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'epikaleo'. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). It means to call upon someone or something, often in a formal or solemn manner, such as appealing to a higher authority, invoking a deity, or giving a name to someone or something. It can also imply an appeal for help or protection.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'epikaleo' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, over) and the verb 'kaleo' (to call). It literally means 'to call upon' or 'to call over'.

G4214

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-soh

Translations: how much, how great, how large, how far, how long

Notes: This word functions as an interrogative or relative adverb, meaning 'how much' or 'how great'. It can also be an adjective, meaning 'of what size' or 'how much/many'. It is used to inquire about quantity, degree, or extent, or to express a relative degree. For example, it can be used in questions like 'How much is it?' or in statements like 'You know how great he is.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΠΟΣΟΝ, ΟΣΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΣΟΣ (posos) is derived from the interrogative stem *po- (as in πότε, 'when') and the suffix -σος, which indicates quantity or measure.

G3614

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-kee-a-KOOS

Translations: household, of the house, domestic

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'of a house' or 'domestic'. It refers to things or people belonging to a household or family, often implying a close, familial relationship or connection to one's home. It can describe servants, members of a household, or even the affairs of a home.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΙΑΚΟΣ (oikiakos) is derived from the noun ΟΙΚΙΑ (oikia), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The suffix -ακος (akos) forms adjectives indicating belonging or relation to the root noun.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G2572

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-kah-LYM-meh-non

Translations: covered, hidden, veiled, concealed, a covered, a hidden, a veiled, a concealed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been covered' or 'being in a state of being covered'. It describes something that is hidden, concealed, or veiled. It can be used to describe a physical object that is covered, or something abstract like a truth or meaning that is hidden from understanding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΛΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G2927

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KROOP-ton

Translations: hidden, secret, concealed, a hidden thing, a secret

Notes: This word describes something that is hidden, secret, or concealed. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, meaning 'hidden' or 'secret'. It can also function as a noun itself, referring to 'a hidden thing' or 'a secret'. For example, it might describe a hidden treasure or a secret thought.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΟΣ, ΛΑΘΡΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb κρύπτω (kryptō), meaning 'to hide' or 'to conceal'.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gno-STHEE-seh-teh

Translations: you will be known, you will know

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. In this specific form, it is a future passive indicative, meaning 'you (plural) will be known'. However, due to the lack of diacritics, it could also be interpreted as a future middle indicative, meaning 'you (plural) will know' or 'you will come to know' for yourselves. It describes a future state of being known or of acquiring knowledge.

Inflection: Future, Passive or Middle, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G5457

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHOH-tee

Translations: to light, to a light, to a lamp, to fire, to a fire, to a torch, to a torchlight, to a day, to a daylight, to a daybreak, to a morning, to a dawn, to a revelation, to a manifestation, to a truth, to a knowledge, to a understanding, to a spiritual illumination

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'φῶς' (phōs), meaning 'light'. It refers to physical light, such as from the sun, a lamp, or fire, but can also metaphorically refer to spiritual or intellectual light, such as revelation, truth, or understanding. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or indicating the means 'by' or 'with'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΥΧΝΩ, ΠΥΡΙ

G615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pok-TEN-non-toh

Translations: of those killing, of those slaying, of those murdering

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ' (apokteino), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. As a present active participle, it describes an ongoing action of killing. In this genitive plural form, it refers to 'those who are killing' or 'of those who are killing', often used to describe the agents of an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΟΝΕΥΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-nohn

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being strong, of being capable, of those who are able, of those who are powerful, of those who are strong, of those who are capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who are able' or 'of those who are powerful'. It can be used to describe the capabilities or strength of a group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pok-TEE-nai

Translations: to kill, to slay, to put to death

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'apokteino', meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes the act of causing someone's death and is often used in contexts of violence or execution. The infinitive form indicates purpose or potential action, such as 'to kill' or 'for killing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'apokteino' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'apo' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb 'kteino' (meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'). The prefix 'apo' intensifies the action of killing, emphasizing the complete removal of life.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAL-lon

Translations: more, rather, better, especially

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a greater degree, preference, or comparison. It often translates to 'more' or 'rather' in English, signifying an increase in intensity or a choice between alternatives. It can be used to emphasize one thing over another, or to indicate that something is happening to a greater extent.

Inflection: Comparative degree of an implied positive adverb. Does not inflect for gender, number, or case.

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, likely related to the concept of 'much' or 'great'. It functions as the comparative form of an unstated positive adverb.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-non

Translations: being able, able, capable, powerful

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is currently able or capable of doing something. It can be used to describe a person or thing that possesses power or ability.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΝ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΝ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'δύναμαι' (dynamai) comes from the Greek root 'δύνα-' (dyna-), which relates to power, strength, and ability. It is connected to words like 'δύναμις' (dynamis, power) and 'δυνατός' (dynatos, powerful).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-seh

Translations: he destroyed, he perished, he lost, he was lost, he ruined, he was ruined

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to destroy, to perish, to lose, or to ruin. It can be used transitively (to destroy something) or intransitively (to perish oneself). In this form, it indicates an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point, and performed by a singular subject (he/she/it).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΟΛΛΥΜΙ (OLLUMI), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of destruction or loss.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G1067

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: geh-EN-nay

Translations: Gehenna, hell

Notes: Gehenna is a proper noun referring to the Valley of Hinnom, a valley outside Jerusalem that was historically associated with child sacrifice and later became a place where refuse was burned. In the New Testament, it is used metaphorically to denote a place of future punishment or eternal destruction, often translated as 'hell'. It is used to describe the ultimate fate of the wicked.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew גֵּי הִנֹּם (ge hinnom), meaning 'Valley of Hinnom'. It refers to a specific geographical location near Jerusalem that became a symbol of divine judgment.

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-khee

Translations: no, not, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative particle, used to express an emphatic 'no' or 'not'. It is often used when the speaker expects a negative answer or wants to strongly deny something. It can stand alone as an answer or be used to negate a verb or a phrase, emphasizing the denial more strongly than a simple 'οὐ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou) and the enclitic particle χί (chi), which adds emphasis. It is a strengthened form of the simple negative particle οὐ.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G0400

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-eh-oo

Translations: without, apart from, besides

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'without' or 'apart from'. It is always followed by a noun in the genitive case, indicating separation or absence. For example, it can be used to say 'without water' or 'apart from him'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'αν-' (an-) meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with 'ευ' (eu), which is related to 'εὖ' (eu) meaning 'well' or 'good', or possibly from a root meaning 'to be'. The combination signifies the absence of something.

G0705

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-rith-MEE-meh-neh

Translations: numbered, counted, reckoned

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of 'arithmeo', meaning 'to number' or 'to count'. It describes something that has been counted or enumerated. In the provided context, it refers to something that has been fully counted and accounted for.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΨΗΦΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'arithmeo' comes from 'arithmos' (number), which itself is derived from an ancient root meaning 'to fit together' or 'to join', implying a collection or count.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LOH

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, by much, by a great deal, greatly, often, frequently

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it describes a large quantity or number. For example, it could mean 'many people' or 'much water'. When used adverbially, it means 'by much' or 'greatly', indicating a significant degree or frequency, such as 'much more' or 'often'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial Dative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ

G4765

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stroo-THEE-ohn

Translations: of sparrows, of little birds

Notes: This word refers to a sparrow or a small bird. It is used in the genitive plural case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of sparrows' or 'of little birds'. It is a diminutive form, emphasizing the smallness of the bird.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word στρουθίον (strouthion) is a diminutive of στρουθός (strouthos), meaning 'sparrow' or 'any small bird'. It is related to the Latin 'struthio', which refers to an ostrich, but in Greek, it primarily denotes smaller birds.

G1308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-FEH-reh-tai

Translations: you are of more value, you differ, you excel, you are better

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'diaphero', meaning 'to carry through', 'to differ', 'to excel', or 'to be of more value'. In the provided context, it conveys the idea of being superior or more valuable than something else. It is often used to compare two things, indicating that one surpasses the other in importance or quality.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HOS-tis

Translations: whoever, whatever, whichever, anyone who, anything which, everyone who, everything which

Notes: This is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the relative pronoun ὅς (who, which) and the indefinite pronoun τις (anyone, someone). It is used to introduce a relative clause and conveys a sense of indefiniteness or generality, meaning 'whoever' or 'whatever'. It can refer to persons or things and is used when the antecedent is not specific or is unknown.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

G3671

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GEH-see

Translations: confession, profession, declaration, acknowledgement, (to) confession, (to) profession, (to) declaration, (to) acknowledgement

Notes: This word refers to a confession, profession, declaration, or acknowledgement. It describes the act of openly stating one's belief, agreement, or a fact. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating what is being confessed or declared. The form 'ΟΜΟΛΟΓΗΣΙ' is a dative singular, indicating 'to/for a confession' or 'by means of a confession'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΗΣΙΣ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ' (homologia) comes from the Greek verb 'ὁμολογέω' (homologeo), meaning 'to agree, confess, acknowledge'. It is a compound of 'ὁμός' (homos), meaning 'same', and 'λέγω' (lego), meaning 'to speak, say'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak the same thing' or 'to agree'.

G1726

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, (of) before, (of) in front of, (of) in the presence of

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb indicating position or direction, meaning 'before' or 'in front'. It can also be used as a preposition, typically taking the genitive case, to mean 'in front of' or 'in the presence of' someone or something. It denotes a spatial relationship, indicating that one thing is situated ahead of another, or a relational context, signifying being in the sight or presence of someone.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as an improper preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition 'en' (in) and 'prosthen' (before, from 'pros' - toward). It literally means 'in front' or 'in the forepart'.

G0507

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh

Translations: up, above, upward, on high, heaven, to heaven

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'up' or 'above'. It is used to indicate direction towards a higher place or position, or to refer to a location that is physically or metaphorically higher. It can also refer to the heavens or a heavenly realm. It is often used in contrast with words meaning 'down' or 'below'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'up' or 'over'. It is related to the preposition 'ana' (ἀνά), which also conveys a sense of upward movement or distribution.

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GAY-soh

Translations: I will confess, I will acknowledge, I will profess, I will declare, I will promise

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to confess,' 'to acknowledge,' 'to profess,' or 'to declare.' It is used to express agreement, admission, or open declaration of something. In a sentence, it indicates a future action of making a statement or acknowledging a truth, often publicly or formally. It can also imply a promise or an agreement.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G0720

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ar-NEE-see-tai

Translations: he may deny, he might deny, he should deny, he would deny, he may refuse, he might refuse, he should refuse, he would refuse

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to deny' or 'to refuse'. It is used to express a strong rejection of something, whether it be a statement, a person, or a request. It can imply a disavowal or a renunciation. For example, one might deny knowing someone, deny a charge, or refuse to do something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: APOSTATO, APEITHEO

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-THROH-pohn

Translations: of men, of humans, of people

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (nomina sacra) for the genitive plural form of the Koine Greek word 'ἄνθρωπος' (anthropos), meaning 'man', 'human', or 'person'. It is used to refer to 'of men' or 'of humans' in a general sense. The overline indicates that it is a contracted form of the full word, which would be 'ἀνθρώπων'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'ἀνθρωπος' (anthrōpos), possibly from 'ἀνήρ' (anēr, 'man') and 'ὤψ' (ōps, 'eye, face'), suggesting 'one who has the face of a man'.

G0720

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ar-NEE-so-me

Translations: we will deny, we will reject, we will refuse

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'arneomai', meaning 'to deny' or 'to reject'. It describes the action of refusing to acknowledge or accept something, or disowning someone. It is often used in contexts of denying knowledge, denying a person, or denying a claim.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΝΟΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'arneomai' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'arion' (lamb) or 'arnion' (lamb), but this connection is not widely accepted. It is generally considered to be a primary verb.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-mee-SEE-tai

Translations: be thought, be considered, be supposed, be customary, be believed

Notes: This word is a verb form derived from 'nomizō'. It generally means 'to think', 'to consider', 'to suppose', 'to believe', or 'to practice as customary'. In this specific form, it indicates an action that is thought or considered by someone, often implying a passive sense of being regarded or held as true. It can also refer to something being customary or legally established.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The root word 'nomizō' comes from 'nomos' (νόμος), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. Thus, its core meaning relates to what is customary, lawful, or generally accepted.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: I came, I went, they came, they went

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The aorist tense describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I came/went' (first person singular) or 'they came/went' (third person plural), depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nayne

Translations: peace, a peace, quietness, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can also denote prosperity, welfare, or security. In ancient Greek, it often implies the absence of war or civil strife, but can also refer to inner peace or a state of well-being. The form 'ΙΡΗΝΗΝ' is the accusative singular, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē) is of uncertain etymology, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement. It is related to the concept of a treaty or covenant that brings about peace.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-thro-pon

Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΝ (anthropon), which means 'man', 'human', or 'person'. It refers to a human being in general, male or female, and can also refer to mankind collectively. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos), possibly from ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”) and ὤψ (ṓps, “face, eye”).

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3994

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pen-THEH-ras

Translations: of a mother-in-law, of a wife's mother, of a husband's mother, mother-in-law, a mother-in-law

Notes: This word refers to a mother-in-law, which is the mother of one's spouse. It can be used to describe either the mother of a husband or the mother of a wife. In the provided context, it is in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with "of" or implying "belonging to" or "with".

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From an assumed compound of πένθος (penthos, "grief, mourning") and the root of ἔραμαι (eramai, "to love"), possibly implying a woman who is loved but also a source of grief, or one who is mourned. However, the exact etymology is debated and not fully clear.

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-TEER

Translations: father, a father, (of) father, (to) father

Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Koine Greek word ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It refers to a male parent or an ancestor. It can also be used metaphorically for a founder, originator, or a respected elder. The overline indicates that it is an abbreviation, with the missing letters (ΤΗ) being implied.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lam-BAH-nee

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to obtain

Notes: The word "ΛΑΜΒΑΝΙ" appears to be a misspelling or an unusual variant of a form of the Koine Greek verb "λαμβάνω" (lambanō), which means 'to take' or 'to receive'. It is most likely a typo for "λαμβάνει" (lambanei), the 3rd person singular present active indicative form ('he/she/it takes/receives'), or "λαμβάνειν" (lambanein), the present active infinitive ('to take/receive'). The verb describes the action of acquiring something, either physically or conceptually.

Inflection: Likely a misspelling of a verb form. If it were "λαμβάνει", it would be Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular. If it were "λαμβάνειν", it would be Present, Active, Infinitive.

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sleH₂gʷ- ('to seize, take'). In Greek, it developed from the aorist stem *lab-.

G2147

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eu-RON

Translations: finding, having found, discovering, obtaining

Notes: ΕΥΡΩΝ is the masculine, singular, nominative, aorist active participle of the verb εὑρίσκω (heuriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. As a participle, it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing an action performed by the subject. It indicates an action that has been completed in the past relative to the main verb, often translated as 'having found' or simply 'finding' in context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΕΞΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word εὑρίσκω (heuriskō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to find' or 'to obtain' in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-see

Translations: to destroy, to perish, to lose, to be lost

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'apollymi', meaning to destroy, to perish, or to lose. It describes an action of bringing something to an end, causing ruin, or experiencing destruction or loss. It can be used transitively (to destroy something) or intransitively (to perish).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative Active; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive Active; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative Active

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-sas

Translations: having destroyed, having lost, having perished, having ruined

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollumi). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often with a focus on the result. It can mean 'to destroy,' 'to lose,' 'to perish,' or 'to ruin,' depending on the context and whether it's used transitively or intransitively. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΛΕΣΑΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollumi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollumi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose.'

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DEKH-oh-men-os

Translations: receiving, accepting, taking, welcoming, a receiver, one who receives

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the act of receiving or accepting something, or the manner in which an action is performed. It can be translated as 'receiving' or 'one who receives'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (dechomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to take, accept'. It is related to other Greek words involving reception or taking.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEE-lan-tah

Translations: having sent, having dispatched, having commissioned, having delegated

Notes: This word is a participle form of the verb 'apostello', meaning 'to send forth' or 'to dispatch'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb in the sentence. It implies a completed action of sending someone or something with a specific purpose or mission.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΨΑΝΤΑ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΕΙΛΑΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ (apostello) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (stello), meaning 'to send' or 'to set in order'. Thus, it literally means 'to send away from' or 'to send forth'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dih-KAI-oh

Translations: righteous, just, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or upright according to divine or moral standards. It refers to a person who acts in conformity with God's will or with what is considered right and fair. It can also describe actions or judgments that are just.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ' (dikaios) is derived from 'ΔΙΚΗ' (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which conforms to justice or rightness.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAI-oo

Translations: (of) righteous, (of) a righteous one, (of) just, (of) a just one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It can also function as a noun, referring to 'a righteous person' or 'a just person'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For instance, 'between the righteous' or 'years of a righteous one'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with right, law, or custom.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G3101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-thay-TOO

Translations: of a disciple, of a student, of a learner

Notes: This word refers to someone who is a learner, pupil, or follower. In the context of ancient Greece and the New Testament, it often denotes a person who adheres to the teachings of another, becoming an apprentice or adherent. It is used to describe followers of a particular teacher or philosophy.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΣ, ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ (mathētēs) comes from the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. It describes someone who is in the process of learning or has learned.