2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G4824

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-boo-LEE-on

Translations: council, counsel, plan, advice, a council, a plan, an advice

Notes: This word refers to a meeting or assembly for consultation, a council, or the advice or plan that results from such a meeting. It is a compound word formed from σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and βουλή (boulē, meaning 'will' or 'counsel'). It can be used to describe a formal body of people meeting to make decisions or give advice, or the act of taking counsel itself.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΟΝ is derived from the verb συμβουλεύω (symbouleuō, 'to consult, advise'), which itself comes from the prefix σύν (syn, 'with, together') and the noun βουλή (boulē, 'will, counsel, plan').

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-e-REES

Translations: high priest, chief priest, a high priest

Notes: This word is a compound noun, combining 'arch-' (chief, principal) and 'hiereus' (priest). It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, who was responsible for leading the worship and sacrifices in the Temple. It can also refer to members of the high-priestly family or the chief priests collectively.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek words ΑΡΧΩΝ (ARCHON), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief', and ΙΕΡΕΥΣ (HIEREUS), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DAY-san-tes

Translations: having bound, binding, when they bound, those who bound

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It indicates that the subject of the participle has performed the action of binding.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'. It is related to various words across Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G0520

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ay-GAH-gon

Translations: they led away, they brought, they took away

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'apagō' (ἀπάγω). It means 'to lead away,' 'to bring,' or 'to take away.' It describes the action of moving someone or something from one place to another, often implying a forceful or official removal, such as leading a prisoner away or bringing someone before an authority. It is a compound verb formed from 'apo' (away from) and 'agō' (to lead).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EH-doh-kahn

Translations: they delivered, they handed over, they betrayed, they committed, they entrusted

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to entrust', or 'to betray'. It describes the action of giving something or someone into the power or care of another. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a message, handing over a prisoner, or betraying someone to an enemy.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-geh-mo-NEE

Translations: leadership, rule, authority, sovereignty, a leadership, a rule, an authority, a sovereignty

Notes: This word refers to the act or state of leading, ruling, or having authority. It denotes a position of command or governance. It is used to describe the exercise of power or dominion over others.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΥΡΙΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ΗΓΕΜΩΝ (hegemon), meaning 'leader' or 'commander'. It describes the state or quality of being a leader.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: having seen, when he saw, when they saw, seeing, looking, perceiving

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οράω' (orao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It often indicates the cause or circumstance of another action, such as 'having seen this, he did that'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-dee-DOOS

Translations: handing over, delivering, giving up, betraying, committing, entrusting, transmitting

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'paradidomi'. It describes the action of 'handing over' or 'delivering' something or someone. Depending on the context, it can mean to deliver into custody, to give up, to betray, to commit or entrust something to someone, or to transmit traditions or teachings. It implies a transfer of responsibility, possession, or information.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2632

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tek-REE-thay

Translations: he was condemned, it was condemned, she was condemned

Notes: This word means 'he/she/it was condemned' or 'he/she/it was judged worthy of punishment'. It describes an action where someone or something was found guilty and sentenced, often to a negative outcome. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'κρίνω' (krinō), meaning 'to judge'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΔΙΚΑΣΘΗ, ΚΑΤΕΓΝΩΣΘΗ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. It implies a judgment that goes 'down' against someone, leading to condemnation.

G3338

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-teh-meh-LAY-thay

Translations: repented, regretted, changed one's mind

Notes: This word means to feel regret, to repent, or to change one's mind. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ΜΕΛΩ (melō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to be a concern'. Thus, it implies a change of care or concern, leading to a change of mind or regret. It is often used to describe a change of heart or a feeling of remorse for past actions.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G4762

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-TREP-sen

Translations: he turned, she turned, it turned, he returned, she returned, it returned, he changed, she changed, it changed, he converted, she converted, it converted

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō). It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point. It means 'he/she/it turned,' 'returned,' 'changed,' or 'converted.' It can be used to describe physical turning, a change in direction, or a spiritual conversion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-STREP-sen

Translations: he turned away, he turned back, he turned aside, he rejected, he restored

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apostrepho'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that 'he' or 'it' turned something away, turned back, rejected, or restored. It can refer to physical turning or a metaphorical turning away from something, such as rejecting a person or a teaching.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΕΚΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-gy-REE-ah

Translations: money, silver, a piece of silver, silver coin

Notes: This word refers to silver, particularly in the form of money or silver coins. It is often used to denote a sum of money or wealth. In ancient contexts, silver was a primary medium of exchange, so 'argyria' frequently means 'money' in a general sense, or specifically 'silver currency'. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΚΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'argyria' is derived from the Greek word 'argyros' (ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ), meaning 'silver'. It refers to something made of silver or related to silver, specifically money.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khi-eh-REH-si

Translations: to high priests, for high priests, with high priests, by high priests

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of 'ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (archiereus), meaning 'high priest'. It is a compound word formed from 'ΑΡΧΙ-' (archi-, meaning 'chief' or 'first') and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus, meaning 'priest'). In its dative plural form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', or 'by' when referring to multiple high priests.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-DOOS

Translations: having delivered, having handed over, having given up, having betrayed, having committed, having entrusted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραδίδωμι' (paradidōmi), meaning 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' 'to give up,' or 'to betray.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the agent who performed the action of handing over or delivering something, or the state of having done so. For example, it can be used to describe someone who has delivered a message, handed over a prisoner, or betrayed a trust.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G0299

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-THOH-on

Translations: innocent, guiltless, unpunished, an innocent thing, a guiltless thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is free from guilt or blame, or that has not been punished. It is used to indicate a state of innocence or blamelessness. For example, it can refer to an innocent person or an innocent act.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΤΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΚΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix 'α-' (alpha privative, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'θώος' (thoos), which is related to 'θωή' (thoe), meaning 'punishment' or 'penalty'. Thus, it literally means 'without punishment' or 'unpunished', leading to the sense of 'innocent' or 'guiltless'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, said, spoke

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'I spoke'. It is a common verb used to report direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The aorist stem εἶπον (eîpon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense forms of 'to say' (like λέγω). It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *wekw-, meaning 'to speak'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G4496

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: RIP-sas

Translations: you threw, you cast, having thrown, having cast, throwing, casting

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ῥίπτω' (rhiptō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. 'ΡΙΨΑΣ' can function as an aorist active indicative verb, meaning 'you threw' or 'you cast' (referring to a singular 'you' and a completed action in the past). It can also function as an aorist active participle, meaning 'having thrown' or 'having cast', describing someone who has performed the action of throwing or casting. As a participle, it can modify a noun or pronoun, indicating an action completed prior to the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular OR Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular OR Aorist, Active, Participle, Neuter, Accusative Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ekh-OH-ray-sen

Translations: he withdrew, she withdrew, it withdrew, he departed, she departed, it departed, he retired, she retired, it retired

Notes: This word describes the action of withdrawing, departing, or retiring from a place or situation. It implies a movement away, often for reasons of safety, privacy, or to avoid something. It is typically used to describe a person or group moving away from a location.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχωρέω (anachōreō) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to go' or 'to make room'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room away from'.

G0565

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ap-el-THOHN

Translations: having gone away, departing, going away, having departed, having left

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed prior to or concurrent with the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of the main action, such as 'after going away' or 'by departing'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khi-eh-REIS

Translations: high priests, chief priests

Notes: This word refers to the high priests or chief priests, who were leading figures in the Jewish religious hierarchy, especially during the Second Temple period. It is a compound word formed from 'ΑΡΧΩΝ' (ruler, chief) and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (priest), literally meaning 'chief priest'. These individuals held significant religious and political authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ' is a compound of 'ΑΡΧΩΝ' (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It describes the head or chief among the priests.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1832

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ES-tee

Translations: it is lawful, it is permitted, it is possible, it is proper

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It is often used to express what is permissible or right according to law, custom, or divine will. It can also convey the idea of possibility or propriety. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'It is lawful to do good on the Sabbath.'

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Impersonal, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἔστι (esti), meaning 'it is'. Thus, it literally means 'it is out of' or 'it is from', conveying the idea of something being 'out of' or 'from' the realm of what is permissible.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2878

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kor-ba-NAN

Translations: Corban, treasury, an offering, a gift

Notes: This word refers to a sacred treasury or a gift dedicated to God, particularly in the context of the Temple in Jerusalem. It is a Hebrew word transliterated into Greek, signifying something consecrated or devoted to God, and thus set apart from common use. It is often used to refer to the Temple treasury where such gifts were kept.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΑΝΑΘΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'qorbān' (קָרְבָּן), which means 'an offering' or 'a gift'. It is derived from the Hebrew root 'qarab' (קָרַב), meaning 'to draw near' or 'to present'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEE-may

Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, a sum, esteem, dignity

Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or esteem, often implying a high regard for someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or price, indicating the worth of an item or a sum paid. It is used in sentences to describe the value or respect attributed to a person, object, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ

Etymology: This word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G0129

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AI-mah-tos

Translations: of blood

Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. In Koine Greek, it is often used literally to refer to physical blood, but can also be used metaphorically to denote lineage, sacrifice, or violent death. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of blood'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ (haima) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek word that has maintained its core meaning of 'blood' throughout its history.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G68

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ag-ROO

Translations: field, a field, country, a country, land, a land, (of) the field, (of) the country, (of) the land

Notes: This word refers to a field, the countryside, or land outside of a city. It is often used in the genitive case to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of the field' or 'from the country'. It can also refer to cultivated land.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΡΟΣ' (agros) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂éǵros, meaning 'field' or 'pasture'. It is related to Latin 'ager' and English 'acre'.

G1352

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

G68

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AG-ros

Translations: field, a field, country, land, farm

Notes: This word refers to a cultivated field, a piece of land, or the countryside in general, as opposed to a city or town. It can be used to describe agricultural land, a farm, or simply an open area outside of a populated center. For example, one might speak of going out into the 'agros' to work or to find solitude.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΗ

Etymology: The word 'agros' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'field' or 'plain'. It is related to Latin 'ager' and English 'acre', indicating its ancient connection to agricultural land.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, those, he, she, it, they, the former

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a variant of 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ' (ekeinos). 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective used to refer to something or someone distant in space or time, or to distinguish it from something closer. It functions similarly to 'that' or 'those' in English, indicating 'that one over there' or 'the one previously mentioned'. It can also be used as a substantive pronoun meaning 'he, she, it, or they' when referring to a specific person or thing already identified.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ' (ekeinos) is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ΕΚΕΙ' (ekei), meaning 'there'. It points to something distant from the speaker and the listener.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-lay-ROH-thay

Translations: it was fulfilled, it was completed, it was filled, it was accomplished, it was made full

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'πληρόω' (plēroō). It signifies that something was brought to completion, filled up, or accomplished. It is often used in the context of prophecies being fulfilled, time being completed, or a vessel being filled.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΟΩ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GON-tos

Translations: of saying, of speaking, of telling, of calling, of meaning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ', meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a genitive participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of an action, such as 'while saying' or 'when he was speaking'. It can also function adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, meaning 'of the one saying'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G5091

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-tee-MEE-meh-noo

Translations: (of) the honored one, (of) the valued one, (of) the esteemed one

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'τιμάω' (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has been honored or valued. In this form, it refers to 'the one who has been honored' or 'the one who has been valued'. It is often used to refer to a person or thing held in high regard.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ

G5091

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tee-MEE-sahn-toh

Translations: they honored, they valued, they esteemed, they set a price on

Notes: This is a verb in the Koine Greek language. It means to honor, to value, or to set a price on something or someone. It describes an action performed by a group of people in the past, indicating that they showed respect, gave importance to, or determined the worth of an object or individual.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ, ΥΨΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΑΩ (TIMAO) is derived from the noun ΤΙΜΗ (TIME), meaning 'honor' or 'price'. It signifies the act of bestowing honor or assigning value.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kah

Translations: I gave, I have given, I did give

Notes: This is the first person singular, active, indicative, aorist form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. The aorist tense in Koine Greek typically describes a simple, completed action in the past, without emphasizing its duration or repetition. It can often be translated as a simple past tense in English, such as 'I gave', or sometimes with 'did' for emphasis, 'I did give'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Active, Indicative, Aorist

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΙΔΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to give'. It is related to words for giving in many other Indo-European languages.

G2505

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thah

Translations: as, just as, according as

Notes: ΚΑΘΑ is an adverb and conjunction meaning 'as' or 'just as'. It is used to introduce a comparison or to indicate the manner in which something is done, similar to 'according as'. It does not change its form based on gender, number, or case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑ is a contraction of κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and ἅ (ha, 'which things'). It is related to the longer forms καθάπερ (kathaper) and καθώς (kathos).

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-TAH-thay

Translations: was stood, was set, was established, was appointed, stood, stood still, was placed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'histemi'. It generally means 'to be stood', 'to be set', 'to be established', or 'to be appointed'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, where the subject was acted upon, resulting in them being placed in a certain position or state, or being appointed to a role. It can also simply mean 'stood' or 'stood still' in a passive sense.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G1726

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, (of) before, (of) in front of, (of) in the presence of

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb indicating position or direction, meaning 'before' or 'in front'. It can also be used as a preposition, typically taking the genitive case, to mean 'in front of' or 'in the presence of' someone or something. It denotes a spatial relationship, indicating that one thing is situated ahead of another, or a relational context, signifying being in the sight or presence of someone.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as an improper preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition 'en' (in) and 'prosthen' (before, from 'pros' - toward). It literally means 'in front' or 'in the forepart'.

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-geh-MOHN

Translations: ruler, a ruler, governor, a governor, leader, a leader, chief, a chief, commander, a commander, prince, a prince

Notes: This word refers to a leader, ruler, or governor. It can denote someone in a position of authority, such as a provincial governor appointed by a higher power, or a general leading an army. It can also refer to someone who guides or leads in a more general sense, like a chief or a guide.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. The suffix -μων (-mōn) indicates an agent or instrument, thus 'one who leads'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohn

Translations: of the high priests, of the chief priests

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from ΑΡΧΗ (arche, meaning 'first' or 'chief') and ΙΕΡΕΥΣ (hiereus, meaning 'priest'). It refers to the highest-ranking priests, often the heads of the priestly families or the members of the Sanhedrin. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the Jewish religious leaders who held significant authority. It is used in the genitive case to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priests' or 'from the high priests'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ

G4245

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roh

Translations: older, elder, an elder, older person, an older person

Notes: This word describes someone who is older in age or more advanced in years. It can also refer to an 'elder' in a community or religious context, indicating a position of authority or respect due to age and experience. It is often used to distinguish between younger and older individuals, or to denote leaders within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the comparative form of the adjective πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old' or 'aged'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G3003

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LEH-gee

Translations: Legion, a legion

Notes: This word is a Latin loanword, 'legio', meaning a legion, which was a large unit of the Roman army, typically comprising several thousand soldiers. In the New Testament, it is notably used metaphorically to describe a large number of demons, as seen in the story of the Gerasene demoniac where the demons identify themselves as 'Legion' because they are many. It signifies a vast, organized multitude.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-KREE-thay

Translations: answered, replied

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It is formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. In its middle or passive voice, it takes on the meaning of 'to answer back' or 'to reply'. It is commonly used to describe someone giving a verbal response to a question or statement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Middle), 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκρίνομαι (apokrinomai) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'. The combination suggests a 'separation by judgment' or 'a decision coming forth', which evolved into the meaning of 'to answer' or 'to reply'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G4487

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RHE-ma

Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance

Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thav-MAH-zee

Translations: to marvel, to wonder, to be amazed, to be astonished

Notes: This word describes the act of being filled with wonder, amazement, or astonishment. It is often used to express a strong emotional reaction to something extraordinary, unexpected, or impressive. It can imply a sense of awe or surprise. In the provided context, it refers to the ruler being amazed.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular; or Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular; or Aorist Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΕΚΘΑΜΒΕΩ

G1488

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-OH-thay

Translations: he was accustomed, she was accustomed, it was accustomed, he used to, she used to, it used to

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'εθω' (etho), meaning 'to be accustomed' or 'to be in the habit of'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was accustomed to doing this' or 'He used to do this'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Etymology: The verb 'εθω' (etho) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be accustomed' or 'to be in the habit of'. It is related to words signifying custom or habit.

G3868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ay-TOON-toh

Translations: they were asking for, they were begging for, they were excusing themselves, they were refusing, they were rejecting, they were deprecating

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'παραιτέομαι'. It describes an ongoing action in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to ask for, to beg for, to request' (often with the implication of asking for release or a favor), or 'to excuse oneself, to decline, to refuse, to reject' (often to avoid something or to deprecate something). It implies an action directed by the subject towards themselves or another, or an action done for themselves.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, from, by', and 'αἰτέω' (aitéō), meaning 'to ask, to beg'. The combination suggests asking or begging from someone or for something, or asking to be excused from something.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-theh-lon

Translations: I was wishing, I was wanting, I was desiring, they were wishing, they were wanting, they were desiring, I wanted, I wished, I desired, they wanted, they wished, they desired

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'θέλω' (thelō), meaning 'to wish,' 'to want,' or 'to desire.' The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted but not completed. It can also describe the beginning of an action in the past. Depending on the context, 'ηθελον' can be translated as 'I was wishing/wanting/desiring' (first person singular) or 'they were wishing/wanting/desiring' (third person plural). It can also be translated as a simple past tense, 'I wanted/wished/desired' or 'they wanted/wished/desired,' especially when the continuous aspect is not emphasized.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: The word 'θέλω' (thelō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an ancient root meaning 'to will' or 'to wish.' It is a common verb in Koine Greek, used to express desire, intention, or willingness.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1978

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-EE-see-mon

Translations: notable, remarkable, distinguished, famous, excellent, prominent, a notable one, a remarkable one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as notable, remarkable, or distinguished. It implies a quality of being outstanding or prominent, often in a positive sense. It can be used to refer to a person who is well-known or highly regarded, or to an event or object that stands out.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΒΛΕΠΤΟΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and ΣΗΜΑ (sema), meaning 'sign' or 'mark.' Thus, it literally means 'marked upon' or 'having a mark upon it,' referring to something that stands out or is distinguished.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-non

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, being named, what is said, what is spoken, a thing said, a thing spoken

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being said, spoken, or called. It can refer to a statement, a saying, or something that is being referred to or named.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΑΜΕΝΟΝ

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-ayg-MEH-nohn

Translations: (of) gathered, (of) assembled, (of) collected, (of) brought together

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'συνάγω' (synagō), meaning 'to gather,' 'to assemble,' or 'to bring together.' It describes a state of having been gathered or assembled. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'the voice of those gathered' or 'the land of rulers who have been assembled.'

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'συνάγω' (synagō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb 'ἄγω' (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.' Thus, it literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together.'

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-soh

Translations: I will release, I will send away, I will dismiss, I will divorce, I will set free

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to release' or 'to send away'. It is used to describe the act of letting someone or something go, whether physically, legally (as in divorce), or by granting freedom. It can also mean to dismiss a crowd or to forgive sins.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΛΥΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΥΩ (LYO), meaning 'to loose', 'to untie', or 'to release'. Thus, it literally means 'to loose from' or 'to send away from'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2234

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HAY-dee

Translations: sweet, pleasant, delightful, agreeable, a sweet, a pleasant

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. It describes something that is agreeable or delightful to the senses or to the mind. It can be used to describe tastes, sounds, experiences, or even people. In the provided context, it appears to be an inflected form of 'sweet' or 'pleasant'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΤΕΡΠΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΗΔΥΣ' (hedys) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5355

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FTHO-no

Translations: envy, jealousy, ill-will, a grudge

Notes: This word refers to the feeling of envy or jealousy, often accompanied by ill-will or resentment towards another's possessions, success, or advantages. It describes a negative emotion that can lead to malicious actions or a desire to harm others.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΒΑΣΚΑΝΙΑ

Etymology: This word is derived from the verb φθάνω (phthano), meaning 'to anticipate' or 'to come before', suggesting a sense of being outdone or surpassed, leading to resentment.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ka-THEE-meh-noo

Translations: (of) sitting, (of) dwelling, (of) remaining, (of) residing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sit' or 'to dwell'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting, dwelling, or remaining in a place. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or relationship, translating to 'of one who is sitting' or 'of one who dwells'. It can refer to a person, an animal, or even a divine being.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΜΕΝΟΝΤΟΣ

G0968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BAY-mah-tos

Translations: of a step, of a pace, of a platform, of a tribunal, of a judgment seat

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'βῆμα' (bēma). It refers to a step, a raised platform, or a tribunal/judgment seat. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'of the platform' or 'belonging to the judgment seat'. It is often used in contexts referring to a place from which one speaks or judges.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΣ, ΒΑΘΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. The noun βῆμα (bēma) literally refers to a 'step' or 'pace', and by extension, a raised place ascended by steps.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-steh-len

Translations: he sent, he sent away, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a delegation of authority or a dispatching from one place to another. It is frequently used in the context of sending messengers, apostles, or even objects.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποστέλλω (apostellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'. Thus, it literally means 'to send away from'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOO-sah

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, a woman saying

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It is in the feminine, singular, and nominative case, meaning it describes a female subject who is in the act of saying, speaking, or telling something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is saying'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑ

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oh

Translations: I justify, I declare righteous, I make righteous, I acquit

Notes: This verb means to justify, to declare someone righteous, or to make them righteous. It can also mean to acquit someone of a charge. It is used to describe the act of God declaring or making people righteous in His sight, or to describe a legal process of vindication.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. The verb form means to render or declare someone righteous.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-noh

Translations: (to) that, (to) those

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'those'. It is used to point out something or someone at a distance, or something previously mentioned. In this dative form, it indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument, often translated with 'to' or 'for' or simply as 'that' when modifying a dative noun, as in 'in that time'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PA-thon

Translations: I suffered, they suffered, I endured, they endured, I experienced, they experienced

Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'pascho', meaning 'to suffer', 'to endure', or 'to experience'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating that the subject underwent or felt something, often something difficult or unpleasant. It can be translated as 'I suffered' or 'they suffered', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G3677

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ON-ar

Translations: dream, a dream

Notes: This word refers to a dream, specifically a vision or experience that occurs during sleep. It is typically used in the singular and often appears in contexts describing divine revelations or significant messages received through dreams.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΥΠΝΙΟΝ

Etymology: The etymology of 'ΟΝΑΡ' is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient word with roots in Proto-Indo-European, possibly related to words signifying 'sleep' or 'vision'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: eh-PIH-sah

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a garbled form of another word, as 'ΕΠΙΣΑ' does not correspond to a recognized Koine Greek word. Based on the provided context, it is highly probable that it is a misspelling of 'ΕΠΙΣΑΣΑ' (episasa), which is the aorist active participle (feminine, nominative, singular) of the verb 'ΕΠΙΣΑΖΩ' (episazo), meaning 'to saddle' or 'to load'. Another possibility, especially given the context of 'λεπισαι', is a misspelling of 'ΛΕΠΙΣΑ' (lepisa), which could be related to 'λεπίζω' (lepizo), meaning 'to peel' or 'to scale', or 'λεπίς' (lepis), meaning 'scale'. Without further context or clarification, its exact meaning remains uncertain.

Inflection: Unknown, likely a misspelling of an inflected form.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apokrinomai', meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning adverbially to indicate that someone spoke in response to something. It is frequently used in narrative contexts to introduce a character's response.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-po

Translations: I said, I spoke, I told, I commanded

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to say', 'to speak', or 'to tell'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to convey a command or instruction. It is an aorist form, indicating a completed action in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΠΟ (eipo) is an aorist form of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Its origin can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to speaking or collecting.

G4717

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stah-vroh-THEE-toh

Translations: let him be crucified, let him be impaled

Notes: This word is a command, meaning 'let him be crucified' or 'he must be crucified'. It is used to express a strong demand for someone to be put to death by crucifixion. It is a compound word, formed from the noun 'σταυρός' (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake', and the verb ending for 'to make' or 'to do'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb σταυρόω (stauroō) is derived from the noun σταυρός (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. The word evolved from referring to an upright stake to specifically meaning a cross used for execution.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-ko

Translations: bad, evil, worthless, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, evil, harm, mischief

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'bad,' 'evil,' 'worthless,' or 'harmful.' It describes something that is morally corrupt, of poor quality, or causes damage. It can also be used as a noun, referring to 'evil' itself, 'harm,' or 'mischief.' It is often used in contrast to 'good' (ἀγαθόν).

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΑΚΟ' comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil.' It is a fundamental term in Greek for describing negative qualities or actions.

G4057

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: peh-ris-SOH

Translations: exceedingly, abundantly, much, very, greatly, more, beyond measure

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'περίσσος' (perissos), meaning 'superfluous, abundant, excessive'. As an adverb, it intensifies the meaning of verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating a high degree or an exceptional extent. It conveys the sense of something being done or existing to a greater degree than usual, or in an overflowing manner. It is often translated as 'exceedingly' or 'very much'.

Inflection: Adverbial form (from neuter accusative singular of περίσσος, often with a final sigma for adverbial usage, e.g., περισσῶς)

Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around, about, concerning', suggesting something that is 'over and above' or 'beyond'.

G4057

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: peh-ris-SOHSS

Translations: exceedingly, abundantly, much, greatly, beyond measure, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to emphasize the degree or intensity of an action or quality. It indicates something is done or exists to an exceptional or extraordinary extent, often translated as 'exceedingly' or 'abundantly'. It can be used to describe how much something is done or how strong a quality is.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΚΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΥ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΛΙΑΝ

Etymology: The word "ΠΕΡΙΣΣΩΣ" is derived from the adjective "ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΣ" (perissos), meaning 'exceeding, abundant, superfluous'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G2351

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THO-roo-bos

Translations: tumult, an uproar, a disturbance, a noise, a clamor

Notes: This word refers to a loud noise, a commotion, or a state of disorder and confusion, often caused by a crowd or a group of people. It can describe a general disturbance, an uproar, or the noise associated with a crowd's activity. It is used to describe situations ranging from a simple noise to a violent riot.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ, ΗΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb θορέω (thoreō), meaning 'to leap, to spring up', suggesting a sense of agitation or commotion.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEE-neh-tai

Translations: he becomes, she becomes, it becomes, he is born, she is born, it is born, he happens, she happens, it happens, he comes to pass, she comes to pass, it comes to pass, he arises, she arises, it arises, he is made, she is made, it is made

Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It means 'he/she/it becomes', 'is born', 'happens', 'comes to pass', 'arises', or 'is made'. It describes a state of coming into being or a transition from one state to another. For example, 'it becomes light' or 'a child is born'. It can also refer to events that take place or come to pass.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΤΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΙ, ΕΡΧΕΤΑΙ

G0628

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pe-NIP-sah-toh

Translations: he washed, he washed away, he cleansed

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist middle indicative, third person singular, meaning 'he washed' or 'he washed away'. It describes an action completed in the past, often with the subject performing the action on themselves or for their own benefit (middle voice). It is commonly used in contexts of ritual cleansing or simply washing hands or other body parts.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular Number

Synonyms: ΝΙΠΤΩ, ΛΟΥΩ, ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ras

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In this form, 'ΧΙΡΑΣ' typically functions as the accusative plural, referring to multiple hands as the direct object of a verb. It can also, less commonly, be interpreted as the nominative or accusative singular form of a first declension noun, but given the root 'χείρ', the accusative plural is the most common and appropriate interpretation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

G0001

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: ap-EN-an-tee

Translations: opposite, over against, in front of, before, in the presence of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'opposite' or 'over against', indicating a position directly facing something. It can also be used as a preposition, taking the genitive case, to mean 'in front of' or 'in the presence of'. It describes a direct confrontation or a position facing another entity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπ- (ap-, 'from') and ἔναντι (enanti, 'opposite'). It literally means 'from opposite' or 'from in front of'.

G0299

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-thoh-os

Translations: innocent, guiltless, unpunished

Notes: This adjective describes someone who is free from guilt or blame, or who has not suffered punishment for a wrongdoing. It is used to declare a person's blamelessness in a legal or moral sense.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΤΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΘΩΟΣ' is derived from the privative alpha (α-) meaning 'not' and 'θωός' (thoos), which relates to punishment or penalty. Thus, it literally means 'without penalty' or 'unpunished'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAI-oo

Translations: (of) righteous, (of) a righteous one, (of) just, (of) a just one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It can also function as a noun, referring to 'a righteous person' or 'a just person'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For instance, 'between the righteous' or 'years of a righteous one'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with right, law, or custom.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: op-SESTH-ai

Translations: to see, to look, to perceive, to experience, to appear, to be seen

Notes: This word is the future middle infinitive form of the verb 'ΟΡΑΩ' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It indicates an action of seeing or perceiving that will occur in the future, often with a nuance of the subject participating in or experiencing the seeing. It can be used in contexts where one expects to see something or someone, or where something will become visible.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EF

Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LY-sen

Translations: he released, he sent away, he dismissed, he let go, he set free, he divorced

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apolyo'. It describes an action that was completed in the past. It means to release, send away, dismiss, or set free. In some contexts, it can also mean to divorce or to pardon. It is used to describe someone performing an action of letting go or sending off another person or thing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-ken

Translations: handed over, delivered, gave up, betrayed, committed, entrusted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It generally means to hand something over to someone, to deliver, or to give up. Depending on the context, it can also mean to betray someone, to commit something to someone's care, or to entrust. It is often used in the sense of delivering someone into custody or handing over a tradition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3880

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BON-tes

Translations: taking, receiving, having taken, having received

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'paralambanō', meaning 'to take alongside, to receive, or to take over'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the main verb. It often implies a completed action, such as 'having taken' or 'having received', and can refer to taking someone with oneself, receiving something, or taking over a tradition or teaching.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ

G4232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRAI-toh-ri-on

Translations: Praetorium, palace, governor's headquarters, barracks, a Praetorium, a palace, a governor's headquarters, a barracks

Notes: This word refers to the official residence of a Roman governor or military commander. It could also denote the headquarters of a Roman army camp, or even the barracks of the Praetorian Guard in Rome. In the New Testament, it often refers to the palace or official residence of Pontius Pilate in Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Latin 'praetorium', which originally referred to the tent of a Roman general (praetor) in a camp. Over time, it came to mean the official residence of a governor or military commander.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-GAH-gon

Translations: gathered, assembled, collected

Notes: This word is the aorist (past tense) form of the verb "συνάγω" (synagō), meaning "to gather together," "to assemble," or "to collect." It is a compound word formed from "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and "ἄγω" (agō), meaning "to lead" or "to bring." Therefore, it literally means "to bring together." It is used to describe the act of bringing people or things into one place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word "συνάγω" (synagō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb "ἄγω" (agō), meaning "to lead" or "to bring." Its etymology reflects the action of bringing multiple entities into a unified state or location.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1746

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-DY-san-tes

Translations: having put on, having clothed, having dressed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'endyō', meaning 'to put on' or 'to clothe'. It describes an action that has been completed, indicating that someone has already put on clothing or something similar. It is often used to describe the act of being clothed, either literally or metaphorically, such as putting on a new nature or spiritual armor.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ

G5511

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khla-MY-da

Translations: cloak, a cloak, robe, a robe, mantle, a mantle

Notes: This word refers to a cloak or mantle, typically a short, loose outer garment worn by men. It was often associated with soldiers, officials, or royalty, sometimes indicating status or authority. It is used to describe a garment that is put on or taken off.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΣΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΧΛΑΜΥΣ (chlamys) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or borrowed from another language. It refers to a type of cloak that was common in ancient Greece.

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-thee-kah

Translations: I put around, I place around, I surround, I clothe, I invest

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri, meaning 'around') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, meaning 'to put' or 'to place'). It means to put something around something else, to place it in a surrounding manner, or to encircle. It can be used literally, such as putting a garment around someone, or figuratively, like placing courage around someone's heart.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΕΝΔΥΩ

G2029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-THEE-kahn

Translations: they laid upon, they put upon, they placed upon, they imposed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, to place'). In this form, it means 'they laid upon' or 'they placed upon'. It describes the action of putting something on top of something else, or imposing something upon someone. It is often used in contexts of placing hands on someone (e.g., for blessing or healing), or placing objects on a surface.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ἐπιτίθημι is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. The root τίθημι comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put, to place'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1188

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dex-ee-AH

Translations: right, right hand, a right hand, (of) the right hand, (to) the right hand

Notes: This word refers to the right side or the right hand. As an adjective, it describes something as being on the right. As a noun, it refers to the right hand or the right side itself. It is often used metaphorically to denote a place of honor, power, or authority, as in 'sitting at the right hand of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; Singular, Accusative, Feminine; Singular, Genitive, Feminine; Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deḱs- (right). It is related to Latin dexter and English 'dexterous'.

G1120

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: go-noo-pe-TAY-san-tes

Translations: kneeling, having knelt, falling on the knees, having fallen on the knees

Notes: This word is a compound participle, meaning 'having knelt' or 'having fallen on the knees'. It describes an action of kneeling down, often in supplication, worship, or homage. It is formed from the words for 'knee' (gonu) and 'to fall' (piptō).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ, ΚΑΜΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΟΝΥΠΕΤΕΩ (gonypeteō) is a compound verb derived from the noun ΓΟΝΥ (gonu), meaning 'knee', and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. Thus, it literally means 'to fall on the knees'.

G1716

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: emp-TOO-san-tes

Translations: having spit, spitting, they spit

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'emptyo', meaning 'to spit upon' or 'to spit out'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It often implies an act of contempt or scorn when directed at someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΤΥΩ

Etymology: From 'en' (in, on) and 'ptyo' (to spit). It literally means 'to spit upon' or 'to spit into'.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1746

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-doo-san

Translations: they put on, they clothed, they dressed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to put on,' 'to clothe,' or 'to dress.' It describes the action of someone putting on garments or being clothed. It is often used in the context of dressing oneself or others, or metaphorically, of taking on a certain characteristic or quality.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΔΥΩ (endyō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on,' and the verb ΔΥΩ (dyō), meaning 'to enter,' 'to sink,' or 'to put on.' Thus, it literally means 'to put oneself into' or 'to put on.'

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ex-ER-kho-meh-noy

Translations: going out, coming out, departing, going forth, coming forth

Notes: This word describes the action of moving out from a place or state. It is often used to indicate a departure or an emergence. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the process of going out or has gone out, often indicating a continuous or concurrent action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-thro-pon

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΝ (anthrōpon), which is the accusative singular form of ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos). It refers to a human being, a man, or a person in general. It is used to denote mankind collectively or an individual human. In the accusative case, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G0029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: heng-gah-REH-oo-san

Translations: they compelled, they pressed into service, they forced, they conscripted

Notes: This word describes the act of compelling someone to perform a service, often under duress or by official authority, such as a government or military. It implies a forced requisition of service, like pressing someone into carrying a burden or performing a task against their will. It is typically used in the context of Roman or Persian imperial practices.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word is of Persian origin, referring to a royal courier or messenger who had the authority to compel people or animals into service for the king. It entered Greek through the Persian postal system.

G1115

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gol-go-THA

Translations: Golgotha

Notes: Golgotha is a proper noun referring to the place where Jesus was crucified, located outside the walls of ancient Jerusalem. Its name means 'place of a skull' in Aramaic/Hebrew, possibly due to its shape or because it was a place of execution. It is often used in conjunction with the Greek word 'τόπος' (place).

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The word ΓΟΛΓΟΘΑ is a transliteration of an Aramaic word (גֻּלְגֹּלְתָּא, gulgalta) which means 'skull'. It is related to the Hebrew word גֻּלְגֹּלֶת (gulgolet), also meaning 'skull'.

G2898

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kra-NEE-oo

Translations: of a skull, of the skull, skull, a skull

Notes: ΚΡΑΝΙΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the noun ΚΡΑΝΙΟΝ, which means 'skull' or 'cranium'. It refers to the bony framework of the head. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession or origin, so it translates as 'of a skull' or 'of the skull'. In the provided context, it is used to describe a place, 'the place of a skull', which is also known as Golgotha.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΝΙΟΝ comes from the Greek word κρανίον (kranion), which is related to κράνος (kranos), meaning 'helmet'. It refers to the part of the head that covers the brain.

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-doh-kahn

Translations: they gave, they did give, they granted, they delivered

Notes: This word is a verb in the past tense, specifically the aorist active indicative, meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving, granting, or delivering that was completed in the past by a group of people. It is often used to describe a straightforward act of bestowing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΩΚΑΝ, ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΑΠΕΔΩΚΑΝ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, indicating a continuous or repeated action in its present forms, though here it is in the aorist, which focuses on the completed action.

G4095

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEEN

Translations: drink, to drink, to be drinking

Notes: This word refers to the act of drinking. It is a common verb used to describe the consumption of liquids. It can be used in various tenses and moods to indicate when and how the action of drinking occurs.

Inflection: Present, Imperative, Active, Second Person Singular; or Present, Indicative, Active, First Person Plural; or Present, Subjunctive, Active, First Person Plural; or Present, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person Plural; or Aorist, Imperative, Active, Second Person Singular; or Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Plural; or Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, First Person Plural; or Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person Plural

Etymology: The word ΠΙΝΩ (pinō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₃- meaning 'to drink'. It is related to words for drinking in other Indo-European languages.

G3631

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-noh

Translations: wine, a wine

Notes: This word refers to wine, the fermented juice of grapes. It is a common term used throughout ancient Greek literature and the New Testament to denote the beverage itself. It can be used in various contexts, such as describing a drink, a commodity, or symbolically.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΜΠΕΛΩΝ, ΓΛΕΥΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΝΟΣ is of Pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of Greek speakers. It is related to similar words for wine in other Indo-European languages, suggesting a very ancient shared root.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3396

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: meh-MIG-meh-non

Translations: mixed, mingled, a mixed thing, that which is mixed

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb μίγνυμι (mignymi), meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'. As a participle, it describes something that has been mixed or is in a state of being mixed. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which is mixed'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΜΙΓΗΣ, ΑΝΑΜΕΜΙΓΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb μίγνυμι (mignymi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *meiḱ-, meaning 'to mix'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to mixing or mingling.

G1089

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-oo-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having tasted, tasting, having eaten, eating, having experienced, experiencing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γεύω' (geuō), meaning 'to taste' or 'to eat'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It can refer to the literal act of tasting food or drink, or metaphorically to experiencing something. For example, it can be used to say 'having tasted the food' or 'having experienced hardship'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΑΓΩΝ, ΕΣΘΙΩΝ

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-THEL-ee-sen

Translations: he wished, he desired, he wanted, he intended, he purposed, he was willing

Notes: This word is a verb indicating a past action of wishing, desiring, wanting, or intending. It describes someone's will or purpose. It can be used to express a strong inclination or a deliberate decision made by a subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word θέλω (thelo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an Indo-European root meaning 'to wish' or 'to will'.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-theh-len

Translations: he wanted, she wanted, it wanted, he wished, she wished, it wished, he desired, she desired, it desired

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to want', 'to wish', or 'to desire'. It is in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. It describes what someone was wanting or wishing to do.

Inflection: Third person singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΛΩ (thelo) comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to wish' or 'to be willing'.

G4717

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stow-ROH-sah-tes

Translations: you crucified, you did crucify

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to crucify' or 'to impale'. It refers to the act of putting someone to death by nailing or binding them to a cross. In ancient contexts, crucifixion was a common method of execution, particularly for criminals and rebels. This specific form indicates that 'you' (plural) performed the action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΣΚΟΛΟΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (stauroō) is derived from the noun ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. It refers to the act of fixing someone to a cross.

G1268

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-meh-REE-san-toh

Translations: they divided, they distributed, they parted

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb μερίζω (merizō), meaning 'to divide' or 'to distribute'. Therefore, it means 'they divided among themselves' or 'they distributed thoroughly'. It describes an action where a group of people divides something into parts, often for distribution among themselves or others.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΔΙΑΝΕΜΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bal-ON-tes

Translations: throwing, casting, having thrown, having cast, putting, placing, having put, having placed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past, often translated as 'having thrown' or 'having cast'. It can also mean 'to put' or 'to place' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-THEE-meh-noy

Translations: sitting, those sitting, who sit

Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'to sit'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting. It can be used to describe people who are seated, or metaphorically, those who are settled in a particular state or place. For example, it can refer to people sitting in darkness or those sitting near someone.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek καθέζομαι (kathézomai, “to sit down”), from κατά (katá, “down”) + ἕζομαι (hézomai, “to sit”).

G5083

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TAY-roon

Translations: they were keeping, they were observing, they were guarding, they were watching, they were preserving

Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It describes the act of keeping, observing, guarding, or preserving something or someone over a period of time. It can be used to describe watching over a person, keeping a command, or preserving a state.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root word ΤΗΡΕΩ (tereō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to watch' or 'to guard'.

G1883

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: ep-AN-oh

Translations: above, over, on, upon, more than, besides

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'above' or 'on top'. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to indicate position 'over' or 'upon' something, or to mean 'more than' or 'besides' when referring to quantity or addition. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (epi, 'upon, on') and 'ἄνω' (anō, 'upwards, above').

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΑΝΩ is a compound formed from the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the adverb ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above'. It literally means 'on above'.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ge-grahm-MEH-nane

Translations: written, having been written, a written thing, the written thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been written or is in a written state. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'that which has been written' or 'a written document'.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΝ, ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G2453

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DEH-ohn

Translations: of the Jews, of the Judeans, of Jews, of Judeans

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'Ioudaios', meaning 'Jew' or 'Judean'. It refers to people from Judea or those who are followers of Judaism. In ancient Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession or origin, so 'Ioudeon' typically translates to 'of the Jews' or 'belonging to the Jews'. It can be used to describe something associated with the Jewish people or their land.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'Ioudaios' is derived from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the tribe of Judah'. It came to refer to the inhabitants of Judea and, by extension, to all members of the Jewish people.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G3027

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LAY-steh

Translations: to rob, to plunder, to steal, to commit highway robbery

Notes: This word is the imperative form of the verb 'ληστεύω' (lēsteuō), meaning 'to rob' or 'to plunder'. It is used to command or exhort someone not to engage in robbery or similar acts. In the provided context, it appears to be part of a list of negative actions to avoid, such as 'robbing, stealing, and sailing into the sea' or 'do not be greedy'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΠΤΩ, ΑΡΠΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ληστεύω' (lēsteuō) is derived from 'ληστής' (lēstēs), meaning 'robber' or 'bandit'.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G2176

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: yoo-OH-noo-moh

Translations: left, left hand, left side, (on) the left, (on) the left hand, (on) the left side, (to) the left, (to) the left hand, (to) the left side

Notes: This word describes something located on the left side or pertaining to the left hand. It is often used in a spatial sense to indicate direction or position. In ancient Greek, the left side was sometimes associated with ill omens, but in the New Testament, it primarily functions as a directional indicator, often contrasted with the right side.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΩΝΥΜΟΣ (euōnymos) is a compound word derived from ΕΥ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΟΝΟΜΑ (onoma), meaning 'name'. Literally, it means 'well-named' or 'of good name'. This euphemistic term was used to refer to the left side, possibly to avoid directly naming it due to ancient superstitions associating the left with bad luck or ill omens.

G987

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BLAS-fay-moo-N

Translations: they were blaspheming, they were slandering, they were reviling

Notes: This word describes the action of speaking impiously or disrespectfully, often against God or sacred things. It can also refer to slandering or reviling others. In the imperfect tense, it indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were blaspheming' or 'they kept on blaspheming'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΒΛΑΣΦΗΜΕΩ (blasphemeo) is derived from the Greek words βλάπτω (blaptō, meaning 'to injure' or 'to harm') and φήμη (phēmē, meaning 'a report' or 'a saying'). Thus, it literally means 'to speak injuriously' or 'to utter harmful words'.

G2647

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-LOO-ohn

Translations: destroying, pulling down, overthrowing, lodging, staying, abolishing, dissolving, putting an end to, a destroyer, one who pulls down

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something down, whether literally like a building or tent, or figuratively like a law or custom. It can also mean to lodge or stay overnight, especially in the context of a journey. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of destroying, pulling down, or lodging.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΛΥΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. The compound verb thus means 'to loose down' or 'to pull down'.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOH

Translations: I build, I construct, I edify, I restore, I rebuild

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demo), meaning 'to build'. It literally means 'to build a house' or 'to construct a dwelling'. In a broader sense, it is used to mean 'to build' or 'to construct' anything. Metaphorically, it can mean 'to edify' or 'to build up' someone spiritually or morally, referring to strengthening their faith or character. It can also mean 'to restore' or 'to rebuild' something that has been damaged or destroyed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound of ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling', and ΔΕΜΩ (demo), meaning 'to build'. It signifies the act of constructing a building, particularly a house, and extends metaphorically to building up or edifying.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-son

Translations: save, deliver, make whole, preserve, heal

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is often used in a plea or command, asking someone to provide salvation, rescue, or healing. It can refer to physical deliverance from danger or illness, or spiritual salvation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: From an assumed primary verb of uncertain affinity. It is related to the concept of safety and soundness.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G4716

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stow-ROO

Translations: (of) a cross, (of) the cross, (of) a stake, (of) the stake

Notes: This word refers to an upright stake, pole, or a cross, often used for crucifixion. In the New Testament, it primarily denotes the instrument of Jesus' crucifixion, symbolizing his death and the Christian faith. It can also refer to the act of crucifixion itself or metaphorically to the suffering and self-denial required of a follower of Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΠΑΣΣΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The noun refers to something that stands upright, hence a stake or pole.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-gon

Translations: they were saying, they said, they were telling, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they used to say'. It can also simply indicate a past action, 'they said' or 'they told'. It is commonly used to report speech or actions of a group of people in a narrative.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', often implying a deliberate or reasoned utterance.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: AL-looss

Translations: others, other ones, different ones, of another, of someone else, of something else

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective/pronoun 'allos', meaning 'other' or 'another'. In the form 'allous', it can function as the masculine accusative plural, referring to 'other people' or 'other things' as direct objects. It can also be the genitive singular masculine or neuter, meaning 'of another' or 'of someone/something else', indicating possession or origin. Additionally, it could be the genitive singular feminine, meaning 'of another (female person or thing)'. Its meaning depends on the grammatical context.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine OR Genitive, Singular, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-oh-sen

Translations: he saved, she saved, it saved, he delivered, she delivered, it delivered, he preserved, she preserved, it preserved, he healed, she healed, it healed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'σῴζω' (sōzō), meaning 'to save,' 'to deliver,' 'to preserve,' or 'to heal.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the act of saving or delivering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-toh

Translations: let him go down, let him come down, may he go down, may he come down, descend

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go down' or 'to come down'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. It is often used in contexts where someone or something is moving from a higher place to a lower one.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Imperative or Subjunctive, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΒΗΝ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEV-so-meh

Translations: let us believe, that we may believe, we may believe, let us trust, that we may trust, we may trust

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ' (pisteuō), which means 'to believe', 'to trust', or 'to have faith'. In this specific form, it expresses a hortatory or deliberative action, suggesting 'let us believe' or 'that we may believe'. It is used to express a desired or potential action of believing or trusting.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-POY-then

Translations: he has trusted, he has relied, he is confident, he has been persuaded, he trusts, he relies

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ'. It describes a state of having been persuaded, resulting in a current state of trust or confidence. It is used to express reliance or belief in someone or something, often implying a settled conviction.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: From the root of ΠΕΙΘΩ, meaning 'to persuade, to trust'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bheidh- 'to trust, persuade'.

G4506

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: roo-SAH-sthoh

Translations: let him rescue, let him deliver, let him save

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to rescue, deliver, or save someone or something from danger, evil, or an undesirable situation. It is often used in a context of divine intervention or protection. As an imperative, it expresses a command or strong request for someone to perform the action of rescuing or delivering.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ῥύομαι (rhyomai) is believed to be derived from an older root meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull', implying drawing someone out of danger.

G4871

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-stow-roh-THEN-tes

Translations: having been crucified with, crucified with, those having been crucified with

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'σταυρόω' (stauroō), meaning 'to crucify'. As a participle, it describes someone who has been crucified together with another or others. It is often used metaphorically in a spiritual sense to describe a believer's identification with Christ's death.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (stauroō), meaning 'to crucify'. ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ itself derives from ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G0328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-BO-eh-sen

Translations: he cried out, she cried out, it cried out, he shouted, she shouted, it shouted

Notes: This word describes the action of crying out or shouting loudly, often in a sudden or emphatic manner. It is typically used to convey a strong emotional response, such as surprise, pain, or a call for attention.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: BOAO, KRAZO

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ANA- (meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb BOAO (meaning 'to cry out'). It signifies an intensified or upward cry.

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G4518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sah-bakh-THAH-nei

Translations: you have forsaken, you abandoned

Notes: This word is a transliteration of an Aramaic verb, meaning 'you have forsaken' or 'you have abandoned'. It is famously quoted by Jesus on the cross in the Gospels, as part of the phrase 'My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?' It is used to express a feeling of abandonment or being left alone.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Perfect Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Aramaic verb 'šəḇaqtani' (שְׁבַקְתַּנִי), meaning 'you have forsaken me'. It is a compound of the verb 'šəḇaq' (to leave, abandon) and the second person singular suffix '-tani' (you me).

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, O God

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (a nomina sacra) for the Greek word 'ΘΕΟΣ' (Theos), meaning 'God'. The overline indicates a contraction of the full word. In the provided context, it appears to be used in the vocative case, addressing God directly, as in 'O God' or 'My God'. It is a common way to refer to the divine being in ancient Greek texts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'divine' or 'sacred' in other Indo-European languages.

G1459

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-ka-teh-LI-pes

Translations: you forsook, you abandoned, you left behind, you deserted

Notes: This word means to forsake, abandon, desert, or leave behind. It implies a complete giving up or leaving of someone or something, often with a sense of neglect or betrayal. It is used to describe situations where one is left alone or deprived of support.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word εγκαταλείπω (egkataleipo) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in' or 'among'), the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against'), and the verb λείπω (leipo, meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'). This combination emphasizes the act of leaving someone or something completely behind or in a state of abandonment.

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ess-TAY-koh-tohn

Translations: of having stood, of standing, of having been appointed, of being appointed, of having been established, of being established

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having stood' or 'having been appointed/established'. It describes a state of having taken a stand or having been set in place. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'those who have stood' or 'those who are standing'. In this genitive plural form, it would typically be translated as 'of those who have stood' or 'of those who are standing'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΕΣΤΩΤΩΝ, ΚΑΘΕΣΤΗΚΟΤΩΝ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-KOO-san-tes

Translations: having heard, those who heard, after hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of another action. It can refer to people who have heard something, or indicate that an action occurred after the act of hearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G2112

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-THEH-ohs

Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith, as soon as

Notes: This adverb signifies an action happening without delay, instantly, or directly. It is often used to emphasize the swiftness or suddenness of an event. It can also imply a direct or straightforward manner of action. In narrative contexts, it frequently serves to advance the plot quickly.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight, direct, immediate'. The suffix -ως is a common adverbial ending in Koine Greek.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-THEYS

Translations: putting around, placing around, surrounding, clothing, crowning, putting on, laying on

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. As a participle, it describes an action of putting or placing something around another object or person. It can refer to physically encircling, clothing, or even metaphorically bestowing something upon someone, such as a crown or honor.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G2563

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ka-la-MOH

Translations: (to) a reed, (to) a stalk, (to) a cane, (to) a measuring rod, (to) a pen

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΚΑΛΑΜΟΣ' (kalamos), meaning 'reed', 'stalk', 'cane', 'measuring rod', or 'pen'. It indicates the indirect object of an action, signifying 'to' or 'for' a reed/stalk/etc. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'he wrote with a reed' (where 'with a reed' implies 'to/for a reed' in the Greek dative case). It can refer to a plant, a tool for measurement, or an instrument for writing.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΟΣ, ΡΑΒΔΟΣ, ΞΥΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΑΛΑΜΟΣ' is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a word related to 'qaneh' in Hebrew, meaning 'reed' or 'stalk'. It refers to the hollow stem of a plant, particularly a reed or cane.

G4222

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PO-tiz-en

Translations: he was giving to drink, he was watering, he was providing drink

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the verb 'ἐπότιζεν' (epotizen), meaning 'he was giving to drink' or 'he was watering'. It describes an action of providing liquid, often in the sense of watering plants or giving someone a drink. The overline on the final 'Ο' indicates a scribal abbreviation, specifically for the final 'ΕΝ' of the imperfect tense. The full form is 'ἐπότιζεν'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΙΝΩ

G4222

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POH-tiz-eh

Translations: he was giving to drink, he was watering, he was providing drink

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'potizo', meaning 'to give to drink' or 'to water'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was in the process of providing liquid or watering something. It can be used in contexts where someone is offering a drink to a person or animal, or watering plants.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΥΔΡΕΥΩ

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-poy

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-goh

Translations: I was saying, I was speaking, I was telling, I was calling

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say', 'to speak', 'to tell', or 'to call'. In this specific form, it indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It describes what someone was in the process of saying or doing.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. The word 'λέγω' originally meant 'to gather, collect', which evolved into 'to pick out, choose', and then 'to count, recount', finally leading to 'to tell, speak'.

G3057

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LONG-kheh

Translations: spear, a spear, lance, a lance

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΛΟΓΧΗΝ (logchēn), which is the accusative singular form of the noun ΛΟΓΧΗ (logchē). It refers to a spear or lance, a long weapon with a sharp point, typically used for thrusting or throwing. In ancient contexts, it was commonly used by soldiers.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΛΟΓΧΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to prick' or 'to pierce'.

G2896

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KRAX-as

Translations: crying out, having cried out, shouting, having shouted, calling out, having called out

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'krazō', meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often indicates the manner or time of another action, such as 'having cried out, he said...' or 'crying out, he fell'. It implies a loud, often urgent, vocalization.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΒΟΑΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΑΝΑΚΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'krazō' is of imitative origin, mimicking the sound of a cry or shout. It is related to similar words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of a loud, harsh sound.

G863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEE-ken

Translations: he sent away, she sent away, it sent away, he let go, she let go, it let go, he forgave, she forgave, it forgave, he left, she left, it left, he permitted, she permitted, it permitted

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi, meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'). It means to send away, let go, release, forgive, or leave behind. It is used to describe an action completed in the past, often with a sense of finality or definitive action, such as releasing prisoners, forgiving sins, or leaving a place or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀφίημι (aphiēmi) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. The combination signifies 'to send away' or 'to let go'.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: Spirit, a spirit, wind, breath

Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (pneuma). It refers to spirit, breath, or wind. In theological contexts, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a human spirit, a demonic spirit, or simply the physical breath or a gust of wind. It is used to describe an invisible, powerful force or essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G2665

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-PEH-tahs-mah

Translations: veil, a veil, curtain, a curtain

Notes: This word refers to a veil or curtain, often a large and thick one. In biblical contexts, it specifically denotes the curtain that separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place in the Tabernacle and the Temple, or the curtain at the entrance of the Tabernacle. It is used to describe a physical barrier that conceals or divides.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΣΚΗΝΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΤΑΣΜΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΠΕΤΑΣΜΑ (petasma), meaning 'something spread out' or 'a covering'. It describes something spread out or hung down, hence a curtain or veil.

G3485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NAH-oo

Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples

Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.

G4977

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-KHIS-thay

Translations: it was torn, it was split, it was divided, it was rent, it was separated

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'schizō'. It describes an action that happened in the past, where something was torn, split, or divided by an external force, rather than doing the action itself. It implies a sudden or complete separation or rupture. For example, a curtain might be torn, or a group of people might be divided.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh-then

Translations: from above, again, anew, from the beginning

Notes: This adverb has a dual meaning depending on the context. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from a higher place'. Temporally or conceptually, it can mean 'again', 'anew', or 'from the beginning'. In some theological contexts, particularly in the Gospel of John, it carries the significant meaning of 'born from above' or 'born again', emphasizing a spiritual rebirth initiated by God. It can describe the origin of something (from above) or the repetition or renewal of an action (again/anew).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΑΛΑΙ, ΠΑΛΙΝ, ΕΞΑΡΧΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition ΑΝΩ (ANO), meaning 'up' or 'above', combined with the suffix -ΘΕΝ (-THEN), which indicates origin or direction 'from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G4977

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-KHIS-thay-san

Translations: they were torn, they were split, they were divided, they were rent asunder

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to tear,' 'to split,' or 'to divide.' It describes an action where something is forcibly separated into parts. In its passive form, as seen here, it indicates that the subject underwent the action of being torn or split. It can refer to physical objects being torn, or to groups of people being divided or separated.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ, ΔΙΑΚΟΠΤΩ

G3419

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnee-MEE-ah

Translations: tombs, monuments, sepulchers, graves

Notes: This word refers to a memorial, monument, or tomb, often a place where the dead are buried or commemorated. It is used to denote a structure built to preserve the memory of a person or event, particularly a burial place. In the provided context, it refers to the tombs of prophets, highlighting a hypocritical act of honoring past prophets while rejecting current ones.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ (mnēmeion) comes from μνήμη (mnēmē), meaning 'memory' or 'remembrance'. It is related to the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), 'to remind' or 'to remember'.

G2837

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: keh-koy-MEE-may-non

Translations: of those who have fallen asleep, of those who have died, of the dead

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'of those who have been put to sleep' or, more commonly in a biblical context, 'of those who have died' or 'of the dead'. It refers to individuals who have passed away, often with the connotation of a peaceful rest, awaiting resurrection. It is used to describe a state of having fallen asleep or died in the past, with the results continuing into the present.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΩΝ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word κοιμάω (koimaō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kei- meaning 'to lie down' or 'to settle'. It is related to words like 'cemetery' (from Greek koimētērion, 'sleeping place').

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hah-GHEE-ohn

Translations: of holy ones, of saints, of holy things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'hagios', meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used substantively, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. It describes something belonging to or associated with those who are set apart for God or dedicated to a sacred purpose. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the words of the holy ones' or 'the temple of holy things'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ, ΚΑΘΑΡΩΝ

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GER-theh-san

Translations: they were raised, they were awakened, they were stirred up, they arose

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to raise,' 'to awaken,' or 'to stir up.' In this specific form, it indicates that a group of people or things 'were raised,' 'were awakened,' or 'arose.' It is often used in contexts of resurrection, waking from sleep, or rising up against something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. The word is related to the idea of 'waking up' or 'stirring.'

G1831

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having gone out, going out, went out, came out, departed, having come forth, coming forth

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come forth'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having gone out' or 'those who went out', indicating a completed action of departure or emergence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G3419

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnay-MEH-ee-ohn

Translations: of tombs, of monuments, of sepulchers, of burial places

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun μνημεῖον (mnēmeion), meaning a tomb, monument, or memorial. It refers to a place of burial or a structure commemorating the dead, and in this genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of tombs' or 'from the tombs'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word μνημεῖον (mnēmeion) derives from μνήμη (mnēmē), meaning 'memory' or 'remembrance'. It refers to something that serves as a reminder, specifically a memorial or a place where someone is remembered after death.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: heh-kah-ton-TAR-khays

Translations: centurion, a centurion

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'commander of a hundred'. It refers to a Roman military officer in charge of a century, which typically consisted of 80 to 100 soldiers. The centurion was a highly respected and experienced soldier, responsible for training and leading his men in battle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΤΟΝΤΑΡΧΟΣ, ΚΕΝΤΥΡΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΕΚΑΤΟΝ (hekaton), meaning 'one hundred', and ΑΡΧΩ (archō), meaning 'to rule' or 'to command'. Thus, it literally means 'ruler of a hundred'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5083

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tay-ROON-tes

Translations: keeping, observing, guarding, watching, preserving, a keeper, an observer, a guard, a watcher

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'keeping' or 'observing'. It describes an ongoing action of holding onto something, watching over it, or adhering to a command or law. It can function adjectivally, describing someone who is performing the action, or adverbially, indicating the manner of an action. For example, 'the ones keeping' or 'while keeping'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nah

Translations: having become, having come into being, having happened, things that have happened, events, happenings

Notes: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΑ is the aorist middle/passive participle of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' or 'to happen.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In its neuter plural form, it often refers to 'things that have happened' or 'events.' It can be used in various grammatical cases depending on its role in the sentence, often functioning as the subject or object of a clause.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ, ΣΥΜΒΑΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth.' It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G3415

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-KAY

Translations: bear a grudge, hold a grudge, remember evil, be resentful

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΩ' (mnesikakeo), which means to bear or hold a grudge, to remember evil, or to be resentful. It is a compound word formed from 'ΜΝΗΣΙΣ' (mnesis), meaning 'remembrance', and 'ΚΑΚΟΣ' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. Therefore, it literally means 'to remember evil'. It describes the act of harboring ill will or resentment towards someone for a past wrong.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙ) or Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙΤΕ) or Present, Active, Imperative, Third Person Singular (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙΤΩ). The provided form 'ΚΑΚΕΙ' is a component of these inflections, specifically the stem 'κακει-' before the personal endings. In the context of the examples, it is part of the verb 'ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙ' (mnesikakei), which is Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular.

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΜΗΝΙΩ

G3113

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-kro-THEN

Translations: from afar, from a distance, far off

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating distance, meaning 'from afar' or 'from a distance'. It describes an action or state that originates from a distant point or occurs at a significant remove. It can be used to describe someone seeing something from far away, or an event happening at a distance.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΤΗΛΕ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΜΑΚΡΟΣ (makros), meaning 'long' or 'far'. The suffix -θεν indicates origin or direction 'from'.

G2334

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: theh-oh-ROO-sai

Translations: seeing, beholding, observing, gazing, looking on

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'seeing' or 'beholding'. It describes an ongoing action of observing or looking at something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun (in this case, feminine plural nouns like 'women') while also carrying verbal force, indicating an action they are performing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΥΣΑΙ, ΟΡΩΣΑΙ, ΣΚΟΠΟΥΣΑΙ

G0190

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ko-loo-THEE-sa

Translations: I followed, I accompanied, I went after

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist active indicative tense, meaning 'I followed' or 'I accompanied'. It describes a past action that was completed. It is often used to describe physically following someone or something, but can also imply adherence to teachings or principles.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'with') and 'κελευθος' (keleuthos, meaning 'path' or 'way'). Thus, it literally means 'to be on the same path with' or 'to go along with'.

G1247

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-koh-NOO-sai

Translations: serving, ministering, attending to, providing for, those serving, those ministering

Notes: This word is a present active participle, feminine plural, meaning 'serving' or 'ministering'. It describes an ongoing action of service or attendance. It is often used to describe someone who is actively providing help, care, or support to another person or group, or managing affairs. In the provided context, it refers to women who were serving Jesus.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ (diakoneō) comes from ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ (diakonos), meaning 'servant' or 'minister'. The prefix διά (dia) means 'through' or 'across', and the root κόνις (konis) means 'dust', possibly referring to raising dust while running errands. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of running on errands or serving at tables.

G3137

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-REE-ah

Translations: Mary

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the name Mary. In the New Testament, it is the name of several prominent women, most notably Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary Magdalene. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Mary is derived from the Hebrew name Miryam (מִרְיָם), which is of uncertain meaning but possibly related to 'bitterness' or 'rebellion', or alternatively, 'beloved' or 'sea of bitterness'. It came into Greek as Mariam and Maria.

G3094

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Mag-da-lay-NAY

Translations: Magdalene, Mary Magdalene

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mary Magdalene, a prominent figure in the New Testament. She is often identified as a follower of Jesus and is mentioned as being present at his crucifixion and as the first witness to his resurrection. It is used to specify 'Mary who is from Magdala' or 'Mary the Magdalene'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is derived from the Hebrew/Aramaic place name Magdala, meaning 'tower' or 'fortress'. It designates a person from the town of Magdala, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.

G2385

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boo

Translations: of Jacob, of James

Notes: This word is a proper noun, referring to the biblical figure Jacob, or in the New Testament context, James. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Jacob' or 'from James'. For example, 'the brother of James' or 'the house of Jacob'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Ya'aqov (יַעֲקֹב), meaning 'supplanter' or 'heel-grabber'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint and was widely used in the New Testament.

G2501

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-SEF

Translations: Joseph

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the biblical name Joseph. It is used to identify individuals named Joseph, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea. As a proper noun, it does not typically change meaning based on context.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative

Etymology: The name Joseph is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yosef, meaning 'He will add' or 'God will increase'. It is a common name in the Old and New Testaments.

G2199

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: zeh-beh-DEH-oo

Translations: (of) Zebedee

Notes: This word is the genitive form of the proper noun "Zebedee". Zebedee was a fisherman, the father of the apostles James and John. The genitive case indicates possession or relationship, so "of Zebedee" means belonging to or associated with Zebedee. It is commonly used to identify his sons, as in "James, the son of Zebedee" or "John, the son of Zebedee".

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Zebedee is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name ZABDI (Strong's H2067), meaning "my gift" or "my portion". It is related to the Hebrew word for "gift" or "dowry".

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-then

Translations: he came, she came, it came, he went, she went, it went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he/she/it came' or 'he/she/it went'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes a completed action of movement in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΕΝ, ΕΒΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-thro-pos

Translations: human, man, person, a human, a man, a person

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (nomina sacra) for ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, meaning 'human being' or 'man'. It refers to a person in general, without distinction of gender, or specifically to a male human. It can be used to refer to mankind collectively or to an individual. It is often used in contrast to God or animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: The etymology of ἄνθρωπος is uncertain, but it is thought to be a compound word. One theory suggests it comes from ἀνήρ (man) and ὤψ (face), meaning 'man-faced'. Another theory connects it to ἀνατρέπω (to turn up, to look up), suggesting 'one who looks upward'.

G4145

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLOO-see-oss

Translations: rich, wealthy, abounding, opulent

Notes: This word describes someone or something that possesses great wealth or an abundance of resources. It can refer to material riches, but also metaphorically to being rich in other qualities, such as faith or good works. It is used to modify nouns, indicating a characteristic of the noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΡΟΣ, ΕΥΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From πλοῦτος (ploutos, "wealth"). The word is derived from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to flow' or 'to overflow', suggesting an abundance.

G3588, G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-NO-ma

Translations: the name, a name

Notes: This is a compound word, formed by the definite article 'ΤΟ' (the) and the noun 'ΟΝΟΜΑ' (name). It means 'the name' or 'a name'. In ancient Greek manuscripts, words were often written together without spaces, and elision (the omission of a vowel) was common, indicated by a coronis (a mark similar to an apostrophe). Here, 'ΤΟΥΝΟΜΑ' is a crasis of 'ΤΟ' and 'ΟΝΟΜΑ', where the omicron of 'ΤΟ' elides before the omicron of 'ΟΝΟΜΑ', and the two words are written as one. It is used to refer to a specific name or a name in general.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

G2501

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-SEF

Translations: Joseph

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the biblical figure Joseph. It is a common name in the New Testament, appearing as the name of Mary's husband, Joseph of Arimathea, and others. The apostrophe at the end (keraia) indicates that this word is being used as a numeral, representing the number 1018.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, does not inflect when used as a name. When used as a numeral, it represents the number 1018.

Etymology: From Hebrew יוסף (Yosef), meaning 'He will add' or 'He will increase'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G3100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-mah-thee-TEV-thee

Translations: was discipled, became a disciple, was taught, was instructed

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'μαθητεύω' (matheteuo). It describes the action of someone being made a disciple, becoming a disciple, or being taught/instructed. In the passive voice, the subject is the one who receives the action of being discipled.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ, ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'μαθητεύω' (matheteuo) is derived from the noun 'μαθητής' (mathetes), meaning 'disciple' or 'learner'. It signifies the act of making someone a disciple or becoming one.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pros-EL-thohn

Translations: having come to, approaching, having approached, coming near

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come to' or 'having approached'. It describes an action that happened prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate someone drawing near to a person or place, or coming forward to do something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΕΓΓΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-TAY-sah-toh

Translations: he asked, she asked, it asked, he requested, she requested, it requested, he demanded, she demanded, it demanded

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'aiteo'. It describes an action of asking, requesting, or demanding that occurred in the past, with the subject performing the action for themselves (middle voice) or having the action done to them (passive voice), though in this specific form, it's more commonly used in the middle voice to mean 'he/she/it asked for himself/herself/itself'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-doh-THEE-nay

Translations: to be given back, to be restored, to be paid back, to be rendered, to be delivered

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'apodidomi'. It means 'to be given back' or 'to be restored'. In the provided context, it refers to the action of something being delivered or handed over, often implying a return or payment. The form 'ΑΠΟΔΟΘΗΝΕ' is a common misspelling or variant of 'ΑΠΟΔΟΘΗΝΑΙ' found in ancient manuscripts.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-doth-NAI

Translations: to be given back, to be paid, to be rendered, to be restored, to be delivered

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'apodidomi'. It means 'to be given back', 'to be paid', or 'to be rendered'. It describes an action that is to be done to the subject, rather than by the subject, and indicates a completed action without specifying the time. It is often used in contexts of returning something, paying a debt, or rendering what is due.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: DIDOMI, APOTINO

G1794

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-neh-TOO-lik-sen

Translations: he wrapped, she wrapped, it wrapped, he enfolded, she enfolded, it enfolded

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'entylissō'. It means 'to wrap up', 'to enfold', or 'to roll up'. It describes the action of covering something completely by winding material around it. In ancient Greek texts, it is often used in contexts where a body or object is being wrapped in cloth.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΥΛΙΣΣΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΥΛΙΣΣΩ

G2513

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-tha-RAH

Translations: clean, pure, clear, innocent, holy

Notes: This word describes something that is clean, pure, or free from defilement, whether physical, moral, or ritual. It can refer to a person who is innocent or blameless, or an object that is ceremonially pure. It is often used to describe a state of being unmixed or uncorrupted. In the provided examples, it describes a person as innocent of sin and a turban as clean or pure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΟΛΥΝΤΟΣ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THEE-ken

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' or 'to appoint.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the action of placing or setting something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2537

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-ee-NOH

Translations: to innovate, to renew, to make new, to invent, to introduce

Notes: This verb means to make something new, to innovate, or to renew. It can also imply the act of inventing or introducing something that did not exist before. It is used to describe the process of bringing something into a fresh or novel state.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ΝΕΟΩ

Etymology: From the adjective καινός (kainos), meaning 'new' or 'fresh'. It refers to something new in quality, as opposed to νέος (neos) which refers to something new in time.

G4073

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEH-trah

Translations: rock, a rock, stone, a stone

Notes: This word refers to a large mass of stone, a rock, or a cliff. It is a feminine noun and can be used to describe a literal geological formation or metaphorically as a foundation or source of strength. It is often used in contexts referring to solid ground or a place of refuge.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΙΘΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to πίσος (písos, 'pea, pebble'). It refers to a large stone or rock, distinct from λίθος (líthos) which can refer to a smaller stone or pebble.

G4351

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-koo-LEE-sas

Translations: having rolled to, having rolled against, having rolled up to

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having rolled to' or 'having rolled against'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often indicating the means or attendant circumstances of another action. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΚΥΛΙΩ (kylio), meaning 'to roll'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΥΛΙΩ, ΑΠΟΚΥΛΙΩ

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EEL-then

Translations: he went away, she went away, it went away, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Therefore, 'ἀπῆλθεν' specifically means 'he/she/it went away' or 'he/she/it departed'. It describes movement from one place to another, indicating a departure or withdrawal.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

G3137

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mar-ee-AM

Translations: Mary, Miriam

Notes: This is a proper noun, the Greek form of the Hebrew name Miriam. It refers to several women in the New Testament, most notably Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary Magdalene. The apostrophe at the end (keraia) indicates that this form is indeclinable, meaning it does not change its ending based on grammatical case.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, from the name Miriam (מִרְיָם). Its exact meaning is debated, but common suggestions include 'bitter,' 'rebellious,' or 'beloved of Yahweh.'

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-THEE-meh-neh

Translations: sitting, seated, dwelling, abiding

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κάθημαι' (kathēmai), meaning 'to sit' or 'to be seated'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of sitting or has taken a seat. It can also convey the sense of dwelling or abiding in a place. For example, it might describe 'the one sitting' or 'those who are seated'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'κατά' (kata, 'down') and 'ἧμαι' (hēmai, 'to sit'). It literally means 'to sit down'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-thee-MEH-nai

Translations: sitting, seated, dwelling

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'sitting' or 'seated'. It describes someone or something that is in a sitting position or has taken a seat. It can also imply dwelling or residing in a place. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down', and the verb ΗΜΑΙ (HEMAI), meaning 'to sit'. Thus, it literally means 'to sit down'.

G1889

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ep-OW-ree-on

Translations: on the morrow, the next day, tomorrow

Notes: This word functions as an adverb of time, meaning 'on the morrow' or 'the next day'. It is used to indicate the day following the current one, often in narrative contexts to advance the timeline of events. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'On the next day, they departed.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and αὔριον (aurion, 'tomorrow'). It literally means 'on tomorrow'.

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HEE-tis

Translations: who, which, whoever, whichever, whatever

Notes: ΗΤΙΣ is a relative pronoun, used to introduce a clause that describes a preceding noun. It is a compound word formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' in English, often providing additional information about a person or thing. It is used in a descriptive sense, often emphasizing the quality or characteristic of the antecedent.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the feminine definite article 'ἡ' (he) and the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis). It developed in Koine Greek to provide a more emphatic or descriptive relative pronoun than the simple 'ὅς' (hos).

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EEKH-theh-san

Translations: they were gathered, they assembled, they came together

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to be gathered together or to assemble. It describes a group of people coming together in one place, often for a specific purpose or in response to an event. It is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes the action of bringing or leading things or people together.

G5330

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-ree-SAI-oy

Translations: Pharisees

Notes: The Pharisees were a prominent Jewish religious and political party or school of thought in ancient Judea during the Second Temple period. They emphasized strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and oral traditions, often contrasting with the Sadducees. They were influential among the common people and are frequently mentioned in the New Testament.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Pharisee" comes from the Aramaic word "perishaya," meaning "separated ones." This likely refers to their separation from ritual impurity or from other Jewish groups.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-NEES-thay-may

Translations: we remembered, we were reminded, we made mention, we were mindful

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remember,' 'to be reminded,' or 'to make mention of.' It describes the act of recalling something to mind or bringing it up in conversation. It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that someone or something was brought to mind or remembered by others. It can also imply being mindful or taking note of something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word μιμνήσκω (mimnesko) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to think, remember.' It is a reduplicated form, emphasizing the action of remembering.

G4108

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PLAH-nos

Translations: deceiving, misleading, a deceiver, an imposter, a seducer

Notes: This word describes someone or something that leads others astray, causes them to wander, or deceives them. As an adjective, it means 'deceiving' or 'misleading'. As a noun, it refers to a 'deceiver' or 'imposter', someone who deliberately misleads others, often with malicious intent. It is used to describe false teachers or those who spread error.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (as a noun); Masculine, Plural, Nominative (as a noun); Masculine, Singular, Nominative (as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΕΩΝ, ΓΟΗΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the verb πλανάω (planaō), meaning 'to wander' or 'to lead astray'. It is related to the idea of being led off the correct path.

G2089

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EH-tee

Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GHEE-roh-my

Translations: I am raised, I arise, I wake up, I am awakened, I am roused, I am lifted up

Notes: This verb describes the action of being raised, rising, or waking up. It can refer to rising from sleep, rising from a seated or prone position, or even being raised from the dead. It is often used in a passive or middle voice to indicate that the subject is being acted upon or is performing the action upon themselves.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΟΜΑΙ

G3379

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-po-teh

Translations: lest, perhaps, never, at any time, by no means

Notes: ΜΗΠΟΤΕ is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote). It is used to express a negative possibility, a fear that something might happen, or a rhetorical question implying a negative answer. Depending on the context, it can be translated as 'lest,' 'perhaps,' 'never,' or 'at any time.' It often introduces a clause expressing a feared outcome or a possibility that is being denied.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΗΠΩΣ, ΜΗ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (mē), meaning 'not,' and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote), meaning 'at some time' or 'ever.'

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GER-thay

Translations: he was raised, he was awakened, he was roused, he was stirred up, he arose, he rose

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'egeiro', meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'. In this specific form, it indicates that someone or something 'was raised' or 'was awakened' by an external force, or 'arose' or 'rose' by themselves. It is commonly used in contexts of rising from sleep, rising from a seated or prone position, or being raised from the dead. It can also refer to being stirred up or roused to action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'egeiro' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to rouse' or 'to awaken'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-yoo-THEN-tes

Translations: having gone, going, went, departed

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having gone' or 'having departed'. It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate the manner or circumstance of the main action, functioning similarly to an adverbial clause in English. For example, 'Having gone, they advised him' or 'They went and advised him'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3037