2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-poy-AY-sah-mehn

Translations: I made, I did, I performed, I produced, I created, I accomplished, I made for myself, I did for myself

Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to make" or "to do." In the middle voice, as it is here, it often implies that the action is done by the subject for their own benefit or with a particular interest in the outcome. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of bringing something into existence, carrying out an action, or performing a task.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ποιέω comes from an ancient root meaning 'to make' or 'to do'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2321

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: theh-oh-FEE-leh

Translations: beloved of God, dear to God, God-loving, friend of God, O Theophilus, O beloved of God

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'beloved of God' or 'dear to God', indicating someone who is favored by God or who loves God. It can also be used as a proper noun, 'Theophilus', which is a personal name. In the provided context, it appears to be used both as an adjective describing people who are 'beloved of God' and as a vocative proper noun addressing 'Theophilus'.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΘΕΟΣ (THEOS), meaning 'God', and ΦΙΛΟΣ (PHILOS), meaning 'loved, dear, friendly'.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh

Translations: began, started

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G0891

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, unto, even to

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' and is typically followed by the genitive case. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while', introducing a clause that specifies a time limit. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It denotes a point or period that something reaches or continues.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G1781

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: en-TEI-lah-MEH-nos

Translations: having commanded, having ordered, having instructed, having charged

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'entellomai', meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already taken place. It indicates someone who has given a command or instruction, often with authority or a specific charge.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΣΑΣ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΞΑΣ, ΔΙΑΤΑΞΑΣ

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-STO-loys

Translations: to apostles, for apostles

Notes: This word refers to those who are sent out with a specific mission or message, often with authority. In a Christian context, it most commonly refers to the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ who were sent out to preach the Gospel, or to other early Christian leaders like Paul who were given a special commission. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the recipient or beneficiary of an action, such as following or giving something to them.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΑΙ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LEEMF-thay

Translations: was taken up, was received up, was assumed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, 'to take' or 'to receive'). It means 'to take up,' 'to receive up,' or 'to assume.' In the passive voice, as seen here, it describes something or someone being taken up, often implying an ascent or elevation, particularly into heaven or to a higher place. It is frequently used in contexts describing ascension.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ES-tay-sen

Translations: he presented, he stood by, he offered, he showed, he made to stand, he brought forward

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'near') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, meaning 'to stand'). It generally means to present, to stand by, or to offer. It can be used to describe someone bringing a person or thing forward, or to indicate that someone stood beside or near another person or object. It can also mean to offer something, or to demonstrate/show something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4853

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soo-nah-LEE-zoh-meh-nos

Translations: eating together, assembling, gathering together, associating with

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συναλίζω'. It describes the action of gathering together, assembling, or eating together with others. It implies a close association or fellowship, often in the context of sharing a meal or meeting for a common purpose.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΥΩΧΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'συναλίζω' is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἁλίζω' (halizo), meaning 'to gather' or 'to salt'. The 'salt' component might refer to the ancient custom of eating salt together as a sign of covenant or fellowship, or it might simply be a variant of 'ἁλίζω' meaning 'to gather'.

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ang-GEL-len

Translations: he commanded, he ordered, he instructed, he charged, he gave orders

Notes: This word describes the act of giving a command, order, or instruction. It implies a directive from a position of authority or a clear communication of what is to be done. It is often used in contexts where someone is charged with a specific task or responsibility.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of announcing something from beside someone, or giving a message directly.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G5563

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kho-REE-zes-thai

Translations: to separate, to divide, to depart, to put asunder, to be separated, to be divided

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to separate' or 'to divide'. It can be used transitively, meaning to cause something to separate, or intransitively, meaning to become separated or to depart from something or someone. It often implies a physical or relational division.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word χωρίζω (chōrizō) comes from the noun χωρίον (chōrion), meaning 'a place' or 'a separate place', which itself is derived from χώρα (chōra), meaning 'land' or 'region'. The verb thus means 'to make a place between' or 'to put into separate places'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1860

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ang-geh-LEE-an

Translations: promise, a promise, declaration, announcement

Notes: This word refers to a promise, an announcement, or a declaration. It is often used in the context of a divine promise or a solemn assurance. It can be used to describe something that has been promised or something that is declared to be true.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ, ΟΡΚΟΣ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΑΓΓΕΛΙΑ (epangelia) comes from the verb ἐπαγγέλλω (epangellō), meaning 'to promise, to announce'. It is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon, to', and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce, to report'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nays

Translations: John

Notes: This is a common male proper name of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It is used to refer to various individuals named John, such as John the Baptist or the Apostle John. It functions as the subject of a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Ἰωάννης (Ioannes) is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוֹחָנָן), which means 'Yahweh is gracious'. It was a very common name in ancient Israel and continued to be popular in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee

Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition

Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G4905

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-el-THON-tes

Translations: having come together, having assembled, having gathered, having met

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'συνέρχομαι' (synerchomai), meaning 'to come together' or 'to assemble'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a group of people who have gathered or met. It is often used to describe a collective action or a state resulting from a prior assembly.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΕΣ

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-ROH-tohn

Translations: they were asking, they used to ask, they were questioning, they used to question, they were requesting, they used to request

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb ἐρωτάω (erōtaō), meaning 'to ask', 'to question', or 'to request'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. So, 'they were asking' or 'they used to ask' are common translations, implying a sustained action rather than a single completed one.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noh

Translations: (to) time, (in) time, a time, season, period

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or a specific moment. It is often used to indicate when something occurs, frequently appearing with prepositions like 'ἐν' (in) to denote 'in time' or 'at a certain time'. It can also refer to a duration or an appointed time.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It refers to a duration of time, as opposed to καιρός (kairos), which refers to a specific, opportune time.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-kah-this-TAH-nays

Translations: restore, you restore, you are restoring, you will restore

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to restore' or 'to re-establish'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo, meaning 'from' or 'back') and 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi, meaning 'to set down' or 'to appoint'). It is used to describe the act of bringing something back to its original state or position, or re-establishing a former condition. It can be used in contexts of physical restoration, or the restoration of a kingdom or order.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἀποκαθίστημι (apokathistēmi) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb καθίστημι (kathistēmi), meaning 'to set down', 'to establish', or 'to appoint'. The combination implies setting something back into its original or proper place.

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gno-NAI

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to learn, to recognize

Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It expresses the action of knowing or coming to know in a general sense, without specifying the time of the action. It is often used as the object of another verb or as a complement to an adjective, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to be able to know' or 'for the purpose of knowing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he made, she made, it made, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' 'to make,' or 'to appoint.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used in sentences like 'He placed the book on the table' or 'She appointed him as leader.' The middle/passive voice suggests the subject either performed the action for themselves or had the action done to them.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΒΑΛΕΝ, ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ, ἘΘΗΚΕΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eks-oo-SEE-ah

Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, control

Notes: This word refers to the right or power to act, often implying delegated authority or freedom to choose. It can denote official power, jurisdiction, or the ability to do something. It is frequently used in contexts of governance, legal rights, or spiritual power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΑΡΧΗ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek, "out of") and the verb ἔστι (esti, "it is"), implying the ability or right that comes "out of being" or "from what is possible."

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEEM-pseh-stheh

Translations: you will take, you will receive, you will get

Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambano), which means 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to get'. In this specific form, 'λήμψεσθε' (lēmpsesthe), it means 'you (plural) will take/receive/get'. It is used when referring to an action that a group of people will perform in the future, such as receiving a gift or taking possession of something.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sleǵ- ('to grasp, seize'). In Koine Greek, it developed from the earlier form 'λαμβάνω'.

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pel-THON-tos

Translations: (of) having come upon, (of) having come over, (of) having arrived, (of) having descended upon

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eperchomai', meaning 'to come upon' or 'to arrive'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often implies an arrival, a coming over, or a descent, and can be used to describe something that happens to or affects someone or something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΟΣ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3144

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAR-too-res

Translations: witnesses, a witness

Notes: This word refers to individuals who have seen or heard something and can provide testimony or evidence. It is used in legal contexts for those who give evidence in court, or more generally for those who attest to the truth of something. It can also refer to someone who bears witness to a belief, even to the point of death (from which the English word 'martyr' is derived).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *smer- meaning 'to remember, to care for'. It is related to words concerning memory and remembrance, as a witness is someone who remembers and recounts events.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REE-ah

Translations: Samaria

Notes: Samaria refers to a region in ancient Palestine, located between Galilee to the north and Judea to the south. It was also the name of the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel. The term can refer to either the geographical region or the city itself, and is often used in historical and biblical contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name Samaria is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It was named after Shemer, the owner of the hill on which the city was built.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: blep-ON-tone

Translations: of seeing, of looking, of beholding, of perceiving, of those seeing, of those looking, of those beholding, of those perceiving

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'seeing' or 'looking'. It describes an ongoing action of perception with the eyes or mind. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and can also be used substantively to refer to 'those who are seeing' or 'those who are looking'. It implies an active engagement with what is being observed.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΡΩΝΤΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took up, he received, he supposed, he assumed, he thought, he replied

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (hypolambanō). It means 'he took up' or 'he received' in a physical sense, or 'he supposed,' 'he assumed,' 'he thought,' or 'he replied' in a mental or conversational sense. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, referring to either a physical action of taking something up or a mental action of forming an opinion or responding.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under,' and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive.' The combination suggests taking something up from below, or taking something into one's mind.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G0816

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-teh-NEE-zon-tes

Translations: gazing intently, looking intently, fixing their gaze, staring

Notes: This word describes the act of looking at something with intense focus or concentration, often implying a fixed or unwavering gaze. It is used to convey a sense of deep attention or observation. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ἘΜΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΤΕΝΙΖΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without', but here intensifying) and τείνω (teinō, meaning 'to stretch' or 'to strain'). Thus, it conveys the idea of 'stretching one's gaze' or 'straining to look'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: por-yoo-MEH-noo

Translations: going, of going, of one going, of those going, of him going, of them going, of traveling, of one traveling, of those traveling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to go' or 'to travel'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of going or traveling. As a genitive participle, it often functions like a possessive or descriptive phrase, indicating 'of one who is going' or 'of those who are going', depending on the context and number. It can be used to describe the action of a subject without being the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular or Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eis-TEE-kay-san

Translations: they stood by, they were standing by, they were present, they were at hand

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to stand beside', 'to be present', or 'to be at hand'. It describes a state of being near or in attendance. It can be used to indicate someone standing next to another person, or a group of people being present at an event or before someone in authority.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Pluperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΠΑΡΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand beside'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ess-TAY-kah-teh

Translations: you have stood, you stand, you are standing

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'histēmi', meaning 'to stand'. As a perfect active indicative verb, it describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results in the present. Therefore, it can be translated as 'you have stood' (emphasizing the completed action) or 'you stand' / 'you are standing' (emphasizing the resulting state). It indicates being in a standing position or having taken a stand.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΗΚΩ, ΕΣΤΗΚΑ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand'. It is related to many words across various Indo-European languages that convey the idea of standing or placing.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: BLEH-pon-tes

Translations: seeing, looking, observing, perceiving, watching

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'seeing' or 'those who are seeing', indicating an action performed by the subject. It is often used to describe the act of perceiving or observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

G4198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: por-yoo-OH-men-on

Translations: going, walking, journeying, proceeding

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an action that is currently happening or is continuous. It is often used to describe someone or something that is moving from one place to another, or to describe a general course of action or life. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-ROOS

Translations: (of) mountain, (of) a mountain, (of) hill, (of) a hill

Notes: ὈΡΟΥΣ is the genitive singular form of the Koine Greek noun ὈΡΟΣ, which means 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated as 'of a mountain' or 'from a mountain'. It can refer to a literal elevated landmass or be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a natural elevation of the earth's surface.

G2564

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-noo

Translations: called, named, a called, a named, of the called, of the named

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'to call' or 'to name'. It describes someone or something that is being called or named. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun and indicating that the noun is known by a particular name or title. For example, 'the river called Eleutheros' or 'the place named Gilgal'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G1451

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective, Preposition

Sounds like: eng-GYS

Translations: near, close, at hand, nigh

Notes: This word indicates proximity, either in terms of physical distance (near, close) or temporal closeness (at hand, imminent). It is often used to describe something that is about to happen or is very close in time. It can function adverbially, modifying a verb, or adjectivally, describing a noun, and sometimes as a preposition taking the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΓΓΥΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root for 'hand' or 'reach', suggesting something within reach.

G4521

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sahb-BAH-too

Translations: (of) Sabbath, (of) a Sabbath

Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, which is a day of rest and worship, observed by Jews from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. In the New Testament, it often refers to the seventh day of the week. The genitive form 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΥ' indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the Sabbath' or 'belonging to the Sabbath'. It is used to specify a time or event in relation to the Sabbath day.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΝ' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'šabbāṯ' (שַׁבָּת), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint, the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, a having, a holding, a possessing, a keeping

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. For example, 'the man having the book' or 'he walked, having a stick'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EL-thon

Translations: they entered, they came in, they went in

Notes: This word is the aorist form of the verb 'to enter' or 'to come in'. It describes an action of moving into a place or situation that occurred in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things performed the action of entering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move'.

G5253

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-OH-on

Translations: upper room, a upper room, upper chamber, a upper chamber, loft, a loft

Notes: This word refers to an upper room or an upper chamber, typically found in a house. It was often used for various purposes, such as sleeping, meeting, or storing items, and could be a private or communal space. In ancient houses, the upper room was often a significant part of the dwelling.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΓΕΟΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and a noun related to 'room' or 'place'. It literally means 'that which is above the room' or 'the upper part of a house'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2650

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-MEH-non-tes

Translations: remaining, abiding, dwelling, staying, continuing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'καταμένω' (katamenō), meaning 'to remain,' 'to abide,' or 'to dwell.' It describes an action of staying or continuing in a place or state. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly,' and 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΟΝΤΕΣ

G2385

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-bos

Translations: James, Jacob

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name James or Jacob. It is a common name found in the New Testament, referring to several individuals, most notably James, the brother of John, and James, the brother of Jesus. It is used to identify a specific person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name ἸΑΚΩΒΟΣ (Iakōbos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב), which means 'supplanter' or 'he who grasps the heel'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament.

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PHI-lip-pos

Translations: Philip

Notes: This is a masculine proper name, commonly translated as Philip. It refers to several individuals in ancient history, including apostles, kings, and other notable figures. It is used in sentences as the subject of a verb or as a direct object, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Φίλιππος (Philippos) is of Greek origin, derived from the words φίλος (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'lover', and ἵππος (hippos), meaning 'horse'. Thus, it literally means 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses'.

G0256

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: al-PHAI-oo

Translations: of Alphaeus

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alphaeus'. Alphaeus was a common Jewish name in the New Testament period. It is most notably associated with the father of James (one of the twelve apostles) and also with the father of Levi, who is also known as Matthew (the tax collector and apostle). The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Alphaeus' means 'belonging to Alphaeus' or 'son of Alphaeus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Alphaeus is of Aramaic origin, likely meaning 'changing' or 'succeeding'. It was a common name among Jews during the time of Jesus.

G2207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: zay-LOH-tays

Translations: zealot, a zealot, one who is zealous, jealous

Notes: This word refers to someone who is intensely devoted, passionate, or fervent, often in support of a particular cause, belief, or person. It can describe a person who is eager and enthusiastic. When applied to God, it often conveys the sense of being 'jealous' in a protective way, meaning God is fiercely protective of His honor, covenant, and people, and will not tolerate rivals or disloyalty.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΕΥΤΗΣ, ΖΗΛΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: From ζῆλος (zēlos), meaning 'zeal, rivalry, jealousy'. It describes one characterized by zeal.

G2448

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAHS

Translations: Judas, Judah

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person or a geographical region. In the New Testament, it most commonly refers to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus, or to Judas, the brother of Jesus. It can also refer to the tribe of Judah or the kingdom of Judah in the Old Testament context. It is used as a subject or object in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehudah), meaning 'praised'. It refers to the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, and subsequently to the tribe and kingdom descended from him.

G2384

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boo

Translations: of Jacob

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Jacob'. Jacob is a significant figure in the Old Testament, one of the patriarchs of Israel, whose name was later changed to Israel. The word is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Jacob' or 'from Jacob'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Jacob' is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב), meaning 'supplanter' or 'he grasps the heel'. It is a common name in biblical texts.

G4342

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-kar-teh-ROON-tes

Translations: persevering, continuing steadfastly, attending constantly, devoted to, those who persevere, those who continue steadfastly

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'καρτερέω' (kartereō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to endure'. It signifies a strong, persistent adherence or devotion to something or someone. It describes an action of continuing steadfastly, persevering, or being constantly devoted to a task, person, or principle, often implying a patient and unyielding commitment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΜΜΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G3661

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oh-moh-thoo-MAH-don

Translations: with one accord, unanimously, with one mind, together

Notes: This word describes an action performed by a group of people who are in complete agreement or have a single purpose. It emphasizes unity and harmony in their actions, meaning they act as if they have one shared spirit or intention. It is often used to describe a collective action where there is no dissent.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΘΥΜΑΔΟΝ is derived from the adjective ΟΜΟΘΥΜΑΔΟΣ, which is a compound of ΟΜΟΣ (homos), meaning 'same' or 'one', and ΘΥΜΟΣ (thymos), meaning 'spirit', 'mind', or 'passion'. Thus, it literally means 'with the same spirit' or 'with one mind'.

G4335

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-YOO-khee

Translations: prayer, a prayer, supplication

Notes: This word refers to an act of prayer or supplication, a communication with God or a deity. It is commonly used to describe the act of worship or a specific request made in prayer. It can be used in contexts ranging from personal devotion to public worship.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΥΧΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προσεύχομαι (proseúkhomai, “to pray”), from πρός (prós, “to, toward”) + εὔχομαι (eúkhomai, “to pray, to wish”). It literally means 'a prayer directed towards'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOYS

Translations: to brothers, to brethren, to fellow countrymen, to fellow believers

Notes: This word refers to brothers, both literal siblings and, more broadly, fellow members of a community, nation, or faith. It is often used in a figurative sense to denote close associates or fellow believers, emphasizing a bond of kinship or shared identity. In this dative plural form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to or for brothers/brethren'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΙΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΣΙΝ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOW-tays

Translations: to these, with these, by these, in these, these

Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object, means, instrument, or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'with', 'by', or 'in'. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0450

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-na-STAS

Translations: having risen, having stood up, rising, standing up, getting up

Notes: This word is a masculine, singular, nominative participle derived from the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to rise' or 'to stand up'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject of the main verb, often indicating an action that has already occurred or is occurring concurrently. It can be translated as 'having risen' or 'standing up', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΣ

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OCH-los

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, mob, a mob

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a multitude, or a crowd. It can sometimes carry the connotation of a common or unorganized group, or even a disorderly mob. It is typically used to describe a large number of people gathered together, often in a public space.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ὈΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or possibly related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to throng'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G5616

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-say

Translations: as if, as, like, about, approximately, some, nearly

Notes: ΩΣΕΙ is an adverb or conjunction used to indicate comparison, approximation, or similarity. It can mean "as if," "like," "about," or "approximately." It is often used to describe a quantity or duration that is not exact, or to introduce a hypothetical situation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΠΕΡΙΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὡς (hōs), meaning "as" or "like," combined with the particle εἰ (ei), meaning "if."

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-ee

Translations: it was necessary, it had to be, it behooved, one had to

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it was necessary' or 'it had to be'. It describes something that was obligatory, proper, or destined to happen. It is often used to express a divine or moral necessity, or what was fitting or appropriate in a given situation. It typically takes an infinitive or a clause as its subject.

Inflection: Impersonal, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Etymology: The word ΔΕΙ (dei) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₁- meaning 'to put, to place'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'it is necessary' or 'it is binding'.

G4280

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EI-pen

Translations: he said before, he foretold, he prophesied, he spoke beforehand

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before', and the verb εἶπον (eîpon), meaning 'I said'. It means to say something in advance, to foretell, or to prophesy. It is used to describe an action of speaking that precedes a future event or a later statement. For example, 'He foretold the events that would happen.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb εἶπον (eîpon), which is the aorist form of λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G4750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah-tos

Translations: mouth, a mouth, (of) mouth, (of) a mouth

Notes: This word refers to the mouth, either literally as a part of the body (of humans or animals) or metaphorically as the source of speech, utterance, or command. It is often used in contexts related to speaking, declaring, or consuming.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΕΙΛΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΟΜΑ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *stom-n-, meaning 'mouth'. It is related to words for mouth in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G3595

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-dee-GOO

Translations: of a guide, of a leader, of a way-leader, of a conductor

Notes: This word refers to a guide, a leader, or someone who shows the way. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of a guide' or 'of a leader'. It can refer to someone who physically leads the way or metaphorically guides someone in a course of action.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΠΡΟΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΔΗΓΟΣ (hodēgos) is a compound word derived from ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road', and ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'one who leads the way'.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.

G2674

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tay-rith-MAY-meh-nos

Translations: numbered, counted, reckoned, enrolled, a numbered one, one who has been numbered

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been numbered' or 'having been counted among'. It describes someone or something that has already undergone the action of being counted or enrolled. It can be used to describe a person who has been included in a group or list.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ

G2975

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LA-khen

Translations: obtained by lot, received, got, was allotted, drew by lot

Notes: This word describes the act of obtaining or receiving something, often by lot, divine appointment, or fate. It implies that the acquisition is not necessarily due to one's own effort but rather by chance, destiny, or a distribution process. It can be used in sentences to indicate that someone was assigned or came into possession of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΓΧΑΝΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to take' or 'to obtain'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G2932

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-TEH-sa-to

Translations: he acquired, he obtained, he bought, he possessed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'κτάομαι' (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire' or 'to obtain'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject for their own benefit, such as acquiring property, wealth, or a possession. It can also imply purchasing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word 'κτάομαι' (ktaomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to acquire, to possess'. It is related to words signifying possession or property.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

G3406

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mis-THOO

Translations: of reward, of wage, of pay, of hire, a reward, a wage, pay, hire

Notes: This word refers to a reward, wage, or pay received for work or service. It can also denote the recompense or punishment for actions. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, often indicating possession or association, such as 'with a reward' or 'for a wage'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΘΟΣ (misthos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to payment for labor or service.

G4243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PREE-nays

Translations: prone, headlong, falling headlong, prostrate, face down

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something that is lying face down, prostrate, or falling headlong. It indicates a position where the front of the body is facing downwards, often implying a fall or a humble posture. It can be used to describe a person who has fallen forward or is lying flat on their face.

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine or Feminine; Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from an ancient root meaning 'forward' or 'downward'. It is related to words indicating a forward motion or a position facing downwards.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G3319

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-soss

Translations: middle, midst, among, between, a middle, a midst

Notes: This word describes something that is in the middle, in the midst of, or between other things. It can refer to a physical location, a period of time, or a state of being. For example, it can be used to say 'in the middle of the road' or 'in the midst of the crowd'. It can also be used to describe someone who is 'neutral' or 'impartial' in a dispute.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΟΝ, ΕΝΔΙΑΜΕΣΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'medius' and English 'mid' or 'middle'.

G1632

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ekh-YOO-thay

Translations: poured out, was poured out, spilled out, was spilled out, shed, was shed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb χέω (cheō), meaning 'to pour'. It means to pour out, spill, or shed, often referring to liquids like water, blood, or tears. It can also be used metaphorically for emotions or life itself being 'poured out' or 'spent'. In its passive form, it indicates that something was poured out or spilled.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΥΝΝΩ, ΕΚΧΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐκχέω (ekcheō), a compound of ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and χέω (cheō, 'to pour').

G4698

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SPLANGKH-nah

Translations: bowels, intestines, affections, compassion, pity

Notes: This word refers literally to the inner organs, such as the intestines or viscera. Metaphorically, it signifies the seat of emotions and deep feelings, particularly compassion, pity, or tender affections. It is often used to describe a profound emotional response or empathy towards others.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΙ, ΕΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from an ancient Greek root referring to the inner parts of the body. It developed to also signify the seat of emotions and feelings.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: that, that one, that thing, the former

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned in the discourse. It functions similarly to 'this' but indicates a greater distance or a distinction from something closer or more immediate. For example, it can be used to distinguish 'that house' from 'this house'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: From a combination of the demonstrative particle ἐκεῖ (there) and the pronominal suffix -νος. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there'.

G1258

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-LEK-toh

Translations: (to) language, (to) dialect, (to) speech, a language, a dialect, a speech

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'διάλεκτος'. It refers to a specific language, a dialect, or a particular manner of speaking. In the dative case, it often indicates the means, instrument, or location, so it can be translated as 'by language', 'in language', or 'to language', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΛΩΣΣΑ, ΛΑΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διαλέγομαι (dialegomai), meaning 'to converse' or 'to discuss'. It is formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G0003

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: akh-el-DAH-makh

Translations: Aceldama, Field of Blood

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a specific place, known as the 'Field of Blood'. It is a compound word derived from Aramaic, meaning 'field of blood'. This field was famously purchased with the thirty pieces of silver that Judas Iscariot received for betraying Jesus, and it became a burial ground for strangers.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of an Aramaic phrase, חֲקַל דְּמָא (ḥaqal dəmā), which literally means 'field of blood'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0129

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AI-mah-tos

Translations: of blood

Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. In Koine Greek, it is often used literally to refer to physical blood, but can also be used metaphorically to denote lineage, sacrifice, or violent death. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of blood'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ (haima) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek word that has maintained its core meaning of 'blood' throughout its history.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-nay-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be, let it come to pass, let it happen, let it become

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be.' It is used here in the imperative mood, expressing a command or a wish for something to occur or come into existence. It often implies a process of change or development.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΕΣΘΩ, ΕΣΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and becoming.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1886

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-OW-lis

Translations: farm, dwelling, abode, homestead, encampment, a farm, a dwelling

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, often a rural one such as a farm, homestead, or even an encampment. It can denote a permanent residence or a temporary shelter. It is used to describe a place where someone lives or stays.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ, ΣΚΗΝΩΜΑ

Etymology: From ἐπί (epi, "upon, at") and αὖλις (aulis, "a dwelling, tent, fold"). It literally means 'a dwelling upon' or 'a place to dwell'.

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EH-ray-mos

Translations: desolate, deserted, solitary, lonely, uninhabited, wilderness, desert, a wilderness, a desert

Notes: This word describes something as desolate, deserted, or uninhabited. It can refer to a place, like a wilderness or a desert, or it can describe a person as lonely or solitary. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its state of emptiness or isolation. As a noun, it refers to a desolate place itself.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΝ

Etymology: The word comes from a pre-Greek word, likely related to a sense of 'empty' or 'deserted'.

G2730

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-toy-KOHN

Translations: dwelling, inhabiting, residing, living, who dwells, one who dwells, a dweller, an inhabitant

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'katoikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is currently dwelling or inhabiting a place. It can be translated as 'dwelling', 'inhabiting', or 'one who dwells/inhabits', depending on the context. It describes a continuous state of living in a particular location.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΩΝ, ΕΝΟΙΚΩΝ, ΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ (katoikeō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'in', and the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. Thus, it literally means 'to dwell down' or 'to settle in'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1984

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-is-ko-PAYN

Translations: visitation, a visitation, oversight, supervision, office, a divine visitation, inspection

Notes: This word refers to an act of visiting, inspecting, or overseeing. It can denote a divine visitation, a period of oversight or supervision, or even an office or position of authority that involves such oversight, like that of a bishop or overseer. It implies a careful and purposeful looking after or attending to something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΚΕΨΙΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ, ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ross

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another', specifically implying a qualitative difference or a different kind, as opposed to 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to distinguish one thing from another that is distinct in nature or type. For example, 'a different man' or 'another kind of thing'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'different'. It is related to Latin 'alter' and English 'other'.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G4905

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-el-THON-ton

Translations: of those who came together, of those having come together, of those assembling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συνέρχομαι' (synerchomai), meaning 'to come together' or 'to assemble'. As a participle, it describes an action related to the main verb of a sentence, often indicating a preceding or concurrent event. In this form, it refers to a group of people who have come together or assembled, and because it is in the genitive case, it often indicates possession or the subject of a genitive absolute construction, meaning 'when they had come together' or 'of those who came together'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: entered, went in, came in, came into, went into

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It is often used to indicate arrival or penetration into a place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EHL-then

Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out, he came out, she came out, it came out, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is used to indicate that a person or thing has exited or left a specific area.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ar-KSA-meh-nos

Translations: beginning, having begun, starting, having started, from

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'archō', meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already started or is in the process of starting. It often indicates the point from which something originates or commences, or the person who initiates an action. It can be translated as 'beginning', 'having begun', or 'from' when indicating a starting point.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΡΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-noo

Translations: of John

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'John'. It is a common name in the Bible, referring to several individuals, most notably John the Baptist and John the Apostle. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the son of John' or 'the Gospel of John'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Second Temple period.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood, they stood still, they set, they appointed, they established

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'histēmi'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point. It can mean 'they stood' or 'they stood still', indicating a state of being or a cessation of movement. It can also mean 'they set' or 'they appointed', referring to the act of placing something or establishing a rule or person in a position.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-toh-LEES

Translations: of apostleship, of mission, of commission, of sending

Notes: This word refers to the office, function, or authority of an apostle, or the act of sending someone on a mission. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀπό' (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and 'στέλλω' (stello, meaning 'to send'). It describes the specific task or commission given to someone, particularly in a religious context, such as the mission of the apostles.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΙΑ, ἘΝΤΟΛΗ

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kahn

Translations: they gave, they did give

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving that occurred in the past. It is typically used when referring to multiple subjects who performed the act of giving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ

Etymology: The root word δίδωμι (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, common in ancient Greek verbs.

G2819

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLAY-roos

Translations: lots, shares, portions, inheritances

Notes: This word refers to a lot, such as one cast to make a decision, or a share or portion of something, often an inheritance or an assigned part. It is used in contexts where something is divided or allocated, or where a decision is made by chance or divine will through the casting of lots. It can also refer to a person's allotted destiny or inheritance.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΜΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'κλῆρος' (klēros) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient Greek word. It originally referred to a piece of wood or stone used for casting lots, and later came to mean the lot itself, and then the portion or inheritance determined by it.

G2819

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEE-ros

Translations: lot, a lot, portion, a portion, inheritance, an inheritance, share, a share

Notes: ΚΛΗΡΟΣ (klēros) refers to a lot, a portion, or an inheritance. It is commonly used in the context of casting lots, which was a method of making decisions or determining an outcome, similar to drawing straws or rolling dice. It can also refer to a designated share, a piece of land, or an inheritance received.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This word inflects for number and case.

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to break' or 'to divide', referring to a piece of wood used for casting lots. Over time, it came to signify the lot itself, then the portion or inheritance determined by it.

G5585