2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAH-teh-res

Translations: fathers, parents, ancestors

Notes: This word refers to male parents, or more broadly, to ancestors or forefathers. It can also be used in a spiritual sense to refer to spiritual leaders or founders. In a sentence, it would typically function as the subject or direct address.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΙ, ΓΟΝΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΤΗΡ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'father'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G0627

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-lo-GHEE-as

Translations: of defense, of an apology, of a defense, of vindication, of an explanation

Notes: This word refers to a verbal defense, an explanation, or a vindication. It is often used in a legal or formal context to describe a speech or argument made in one's own defense, or to provide a reasoned explanation for one's actions or beliefs. It can also refer to an apology in the sense of a formal justification rather than an expression of regret.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΣΙΣ, ΥΠΕΡΑΣΠΙΣΙΣ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1258

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-LEK-toh

Translations: (to) language, (to) dialect, (to) speech, a language, a dialect, a speech

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'διάλεκτος'. It refers to a specific language, a dialect, or a particular manner of speaking. In the dative case, it often indicates the means, instrument, or location, so it can be translated as 'by language', 'in language', or 'to language', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΛΩΣΣΑ, ΛΑΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διαλέγομαι (dialegomai), meaning 'to converse' or 'to discuss'. It is formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ES-khon

Translations: they provided, they offered, they gave, they granted, they presented

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide, offer, give, grant, or present'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). It can be used in sentences to indicate that a group of individuals supplied or made something available.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, they convey the sense of 'holding out' or 'presenting from beside oneself'.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PHAY-sin

Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-yoss

Translations: Jewish, a Jew, a Judean, a Judean man

Notes: This word refers to someone who is Jewish, either by ethnicity or religion, or a resident of Judea. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'Jewish' or as a noun to refer to 'a Jew' or 'a Judean'. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes between those who follow Jewish law and customs and those who do not.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It came to denote a member of the Jewish people.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3811

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-peh-DEH-oo-meh-nos

Translations: educated, instructed, disciplined, trained, learned, a disciplined person, an educated person

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'paideuo', meaning 'to educate' or 'to discipline'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone who has been educated, instructed, or disciplined. It refers to a person who has undergone a process of training or learning, resulting in a state of being well-taught or well-behaved.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΚΤΟΣ, ΣΟΦΟΣ, ΕΜΠΕΙΡΟΣ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3966

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-TROH-oo

Translations: (of) a father, (of) paternal, (of) ancestral, (of) hereditary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'of a father', 'paternal', 'ancestral', or 'hereditary'. It describes something that belongs to or is inherited from a father or ancestors. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their origin or connection to a paternal lineage or tradition.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ (patroos) comes from the Greek word ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It refers to something belonging to or derived from a father or ancestors.

G2207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: zay-LOH-tays

Translations: zealot, a zealot, one who is zealous, jealous

Notes: This word refers to someone who is intensely devoted, passionate, or fervent, often in support of a particular cause, belief, or person. It can describe a person who is eager and enthusiastic. When applied to God, it often conveys the sense of being 'jealous' in a protective way, meaning God is fiercely protective of His honor, covenant, and people, and will not tolerate rivals or disloyalty.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΕΥΤΗΣ, ΖΗΛΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: From ζῆλος (zēlos), meaning 'zeal, rivalry, jealousy'. It describes one characterized by zeal.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, unto, even to

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' and is typically followed by the genitive case. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while', introducing a clause that specifies a time limit. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It denotes a point or period that something reaches or continues.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-dee-DOOS

Translations: handing over, delivering, giving up, betraying, committing, entrusting, transmitting

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'paradidomi'. It describes the action of 'handing over' or 'delivering' something or someone. Depending on the context, it can mean to deliver into custody, to give up, to betray, to commit or entrust something to someone, or to transmit traditions or teachings. It implies a transfer of responsibility, possession, or information.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G3140

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mar-too-REH-ee

Translations: bears witness, testifies, gives evidence, confirms, attests

Notes: This verb means to bear witness, to testify, or to give evidence. It is used to describe someone who provides a statement or confirms a fact, often based on personal knowledge or experience. It can also mean to confirm or attest to something. For example, 'He testifies to the truth' or 'The evidence confirms his story.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4244

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-ree-on

Translations: presbytery, council of elders, body of elders, a presbytery, a council of elders, a body of elders

Notes: This word refers to a body or council of elders. In a religious context, it often denotes a group of church leaders or a governing body composed of elders. It can also refer to an assembly of older, respected individuals, such as a council of the people's elders or a senate.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΙΟΝ (presbyterion) is derived from the Greek word ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ (presbyteros), meaning 'elder' or 'older'. It refers to a collective body of such elders.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1209

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-KSAH-meh-nos

Translations: receiving, having received, accepting, having accepted, welcoming, having welcomed, taking, having taken

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dechomai', meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing. It often conveys the sense of someone who has taken something into their possession, welcomed someone, or accepted a proposition.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΥΠΟΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G1564

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-KAY-seh

Translations: thither, there, to that place, to that place where

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating direction or location, meaning 'to that place' or 'there'. It is used to express movement towards a specific, previously mentioned or understood location. For example, one might say 'go thither' to mean 'go to that place'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΚΕΙ, ἘΝΘΑΔΕ

Etymology: This adverb is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ἐκεῖ (ekeî), meaning 'there', with the addition of the suffix -σε (-se), which indicates direction 'to'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-deh-MEH-noos

Translations: bound, tied, fettered, those who are bound, the bound ones

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has been bound or tied. It indicates a completed action with a continuing state or result. For example, it can refer to 'those who have been bound' or 'things that are tied up'.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΥΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΔΕΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G4198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: por-yoo-OH-men-oh

Translations: to the one going, to the one walking, to the one traveling, to the one proceeding

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'poreuō', meaning 'to go', 'to walk', or 'to travel'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the act of going or walking. In this dative singular form, it refers to 'the one who is going' or 'to the one who is walking'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Dative Case, Singular Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

G1154

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dah-MAS-koh

Translations: Damascus, (to) Damascus, (in) Damascus

Notes: This word refers to Damascus, an ancient city in Syria. It is a proper noun, indicating a specific place. In the provided context, it is used with a preposition (ἐν, 'in') to indicate location, meaning 'in Damascus'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Damascus' is of ancient Semitic origin, with its roots in Aramaic and Akkadian languages. It has been known by various forms throughout history, consistently referring to the prominent city in Syria.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-seem-BREE-an

Translations: south, noon, midday, a south wind

Notes: This word refers to the direction of the south or the time of midday/noon. It can also refer to the south wind. It is a compound word formed from 'μέσος' (middle) and 'ἡμέρα' (day), literally meaning 'middle of the day'. In the provided examples, it is used to indicate the direction 'south'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΤΟΣ, ΜΕΣΟΝΥΚΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΣΗΜΒΡΙΑ (mesēmbria) is a compound of μέσος (mesos, "middle") and ἡμέρα (hēmera, "day"). It originally referred to midday or noon, and by extension, the direction of the sun at noon, which is south.

G1810

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eks-AIF-nees

Translations: suddenly, unexpectedly, at once

Notes: This word is an adverb that describes an action or event happening without warning or preparation. It indicates an abrupt and unforeseen occurrence, similar to how one might say 'all of a sudden' in English. It is used to emphasize the suddenness of something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑἸΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ἈΦΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΞΑΙΦΝΗΣ is an adverb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and the noun αἴφνης (aiphnes, 'suddenness'), which itself is related to ἄφνω (aphno, 'suddenly'). It conveys the sense of something emerging 'out of suddenness'.

G1759

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-da-phos

Translations: ground, a ground, floor, a floor, base, a base, foundation, a foundation, soil, a soil

Notes: This word refers to the ground, floor, or base upon which something rests or is built. It can denote the earth's surface, the floor of a building, or the underlying support of an object. It is used in a general sense to refer to the solid surface beneath one's feet.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΧΩΡΑ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'to sit' or 'to settle'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOO-sees

Translations: of saying, of speaking, of telling, of one saying, of one speaking, of one telling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say,' 'to speak,' or 'to tell.' As a genitive feminine singular participle, it describes the action of a female subject or a feminine noun in the genitive case. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of one who is saying' or 'of her who is speaking.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΗΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΗΣ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G3478

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: nah-zoh-RAI-oss

Translations: Nazarene, a Nazarene, of Nazareth, a man from Nazareth

Notes: This word refers to someone from the town of Nazareth in Galilee. It is often used as an adjective to describe Jesus, indicating his origin from Nazareth, or as a noun referring to him as 'the Nazarene'. It can also refer to followers of Jesus, implying they are 'of the sect of the Nazarenes'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine (can inflect for other cases, genders, and numbers)

Etymology: Derived from the place name Ναζαρέθ (Nazareth), referring to the town in Galilee. It signifies 'one from Nazareth'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LOON-tos

Translations: of speaking, of talking, of saying, of proclaiming

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'laleō', meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It describes someone who is in the act of speaking or has just spoken. In this form, it is a genitive singular participle, often translated as 'of one speaking' or 'while speaking'. It can refer to a person, a voice, or a message being uttered.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G0450

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-na-STAS

Translations: having risen, having stood up, rising, standing up, getting up

Notes: This word is a masculine, singular, nominative participle derived from the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to rise' or 'to stand up'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject of the main verb, often indicating an action that has already occurred or is occurring concurrently. It can be translated as 'having risen' or 'standing up', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΣ

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G5021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-TAK-tai

Translations: it has been arranged, it has been appointed, it has been ordered, it has been set, it has been determined

Notes: This word describes something that has been arranged, appointed, or ordered, with the implication that the arrangement or order is now in effect. It signifies a completed action that has lasting results or a current state resulting from a past action. It is often used in contexts of divine or authoritative decrees.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΣΣΩ (tassō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'.

G1700

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EB-le-pon

Translations: was looking at, used to look at, looked intently at, gazed upon, considered, saw

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, into) and the verb 'βλέπω' (to see, to look). It means to look intently at something, to gaze upon, or to consider carefully. It implies a focused and often prolonged act of looking, rather than a casual glance. It is used to describe someone who was in the process of looking or used to look at something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΟΡΑΩ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G5496

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kheh-rah-goh-goo-MEH-nohs

Translations: being led by the hand, being guided by the hand

Notes: This word is a compound participle, meaning 'being led by the hand' or 'being guided by the hand'. It describes someone who is being physically led or guided by another person's hand. It combines the word for 'hand' (χείρ) with a verb meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide' (ἀγω). It is used to indicate a state of being led or a continuous action of being guided.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΔΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: they came, I came, he came, she came, it came

Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be used for the 1st person singular ('I came') or the 3rd person plural ('they came'), and sometimes 3rd person singular ('he/she/it came') depending on context and subject agreement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G0367

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-NEE-ahs

Translations: Ananias

Notes: Ananias is a proper noun, a male personal name of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh has been gracious' or 'the Lord is gracious'. It refers to several individuals in the Bible, including a member of the early Christian community in Jerusalem who, along with his wife Sapphira, died after lying to the Holy Spirit about money from a sale of property, and a high priest who presided over Paul's trial. It is used to refer to a specific person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Ananias is derived from the Hebrew name Hananiah (חֲנַנְיָה), which means 'Yahweh has been gracious' or 'the Lord is gracious'. It is a common name in the Old Testament and continued to be used in the New Testament period.

G2125

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-LAH-bays

Translations: devout, pious, religious, reverent, cautious, careful

Notes: This word describes someone who is devout, pious, or reverent, showing a careful and cautious attitude, especially in matters of religion or morality. It implies a sense of awe and respect, often leading to careful action or avoidance of wrongdoing. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (well) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take or receive), suggesting 'well-taking' or 'taking hold well', which evolved to mean cautious or reverent.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΣΕΒΗΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΗΣ is a compound of εὖ (eu), meaning 'well', and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Its original sense was 'taking well' or 'handling carefully', which evolved to describe someone who is cautious, reverent, or pious.

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G3140

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mar-ty-ROO-meh-nos

Translations: being testified, being witnessed, being borne witness to, being attested, being certified, being approved

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being testified' or 'being borne witness to'. It describes someone or something that is receiving testimony or witness from another. It is often used to indicate that a person's character or actions are being affirmed or validated by others.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FEH

Translations: brother, O brother

Notes: This word refers to a male sibling or a close kinsman. In a broader sense, it can also refer to a fellow countryman, a fellow believer, or a close associate. It is used here in the vocative case, which is used for direct address, similar to calling out to someone.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ (adelphos) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G0308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-BLEP-son

Translations: look up, regain sight, recover sight

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb βλέπω (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. Therefore, it means 'to look up' or 'to regain sight'. It is often used as a command or instruction to direct one's gaze upwards or to indicate the restoration of vision. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'Look up to the heavens!' or 'Regain your sight!'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΥΨΟΝ, ἈΝΟΙΞΟΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G0308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EB-lep-sa

Translations: looked up, recovered sight, received sight, looked up again

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb βλέπω (blépō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. Therefore, it literally means 'to look up' or 'to look again'. It is often used in the context of regaining one's sight, as in 'to recover sight'. It can also simply mean to lift one's eyes and look upwards.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΥΠΤΩ, ἈΝΟΙΓΩ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gno-NAI

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to learn, to recognize

Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It expresses the action of knowing or coming to know in a general sense, without specifying the time of the action. It is often used as the object of another verb or as a complement to an adjective, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to be able to know' or 'for the purpose of knowing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G2307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: the-LEE-mah

Translations: will, desire, purpose, a will, a desire, a purpose

Notes: This word refers to a will, desire, or purpose, often implying a deliberate intention or choice. It can be used to describe the will of God, the will of a person, or a general intention. It is frequently used in contexts relating to divine purpose or human obedience to that purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θέλω (thelō), meaning 'to will, wish, desire'. It denotes the result or object of willing.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to behold, to look, to know, to understand

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is used to express the action of seeing or perceiving in a general sense, often without a specific time frame. It can also imply understanding or knowing something through observation. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He desired to see the truth' or 'It is good to see the light'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'ἰδ-' (id-) is derived from a different, but related, Proto-Indo-European root, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

G4750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah-tos

Translations: mouth, a mouth, (of) mouth, (of) a mouth

Notes: This word refers to the mouth, either literally as a part of the body (of humans or animals) or metaphorically as the source of speech, utterance, or command. It is often used in contexts related to speaking, declaring, or consuming.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΕΙΛΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΟΜΑ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *stom-n-, meaning 'mouth'. It is related to words for mouth in other Indo-European languages.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-see

Translations: you will be

Notes: This word is a form of the verb "to be" in Koine Greek. It indicates a future state or existence for a single person being addressed. For example, it can be used in sentences like "you will be happy" or "you will be there."

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice (deponent)

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to be" or "to exist." It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G3144

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAR-toos

Translations: witness, a witness, martyr, a martyr

Notes: This word refers to a witness, someone who gives testimony or evidence, often in a legal or judicial context. In later Christian usage, it also came to mean a 'martyr,' someone who bears witness to their faith by suffering death. It can be used to describe a person who has seen or heard something and can provide an account of it, or someone who attests to the truth of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΣ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of,' which evolved to mean 'to bear witness' or 'to testify.'

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-leess

Translations: you are about to, you are going to, you intend to, you will

Notes: This word is a verb that indicates an action that is about to happen, is intended to happen, or is imminent. It often conveys a sense of future intention or a state of being on the verge of doing something. It is frequently followed by an infinitive verb.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΛΛΩ (mellō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to delay' or 'to be slow', which evolved to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

G0907

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bap-TIS-ai

Translations: to baptize, to immerse, to wash, to cleanse

Notes: This word is a verb that means to immerse, submerge, or dip, often with the connotation of a ritual washing or purification. It is the origin of the English word 'baptize'. It can be used to describe the act of being fully submerged in water, or metaphorically, to be overwhelmed by something. In a religious context, it refers to the Christian rite of baptism.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive or Aorist Middle Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΠΤΩ, ΛΟΥΩ

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-sai

Translations: to release, to send away, to dismiss, to divorce, to set free, to let go, to pardon

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἈΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΥΩ (LYO), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. It generally means to release someone or something from a state of being held, bound, or obligated. It can be used in various contexts, such as dismissing a crowd, sending someone away, divorcing a spouse, or setting a prisoner free. It implies a separation or a letting go.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ἘΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΛΥΩ is derived from the prefix ἈΠΟ- (APO-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΥΩ (LYO), meaning 'to loose, to untie, to release'.

G1941

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ep-ee-kal-eh-SAH-men-os

Translations: having called upon, having appealed to, having invoked, having named

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epikaleō', meaning 'to call upon', 'to appeal to', or 'to invoke'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often with the sense of calling someone or something to one's aid, or giving a name to someone or something. It is often used in contexts of prayer, supplication, or formal naming.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, "upon, to") and καλέω (kaleō, "to call").

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREP-san-tee

Translations: (to) one having returned, (to) him having returned, (to) one who returned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ὑποστρέφω' (hypostrephō), meaning 'to return' or 'to turn back'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by someone or something, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this dative form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the person to whom something happens, after they have returned.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'ὑποστρέφω' (hypostrephō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to return'.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G1611

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EK-sta-see

Translations: ecstasy, trance, amazement, astonishment, a trance, an amazement

Notes: This word refers to a state of being beside oneself, either due to intense emotion like amazement or astonishment, or a divinely induced trance. It describes a condition where one's normal consciousness is suspended, often leading to a profound experience or revelation. It can be used to describe a state of wonder or a prophetic vision.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΜΒΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΛΗΞΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΦΡΟΝΗΣΙΣ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: I saw, they saw, he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. Specifically, it is an aorist indicative form, which describes an action that happened at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be used for various subjects, such as 'I saw', 'he/she/it saw', or 'they saw', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕἸΔΟΝ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to watch'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: LEH-gon-tah

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, relating, those saying, those speaking, those telling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing an action being performed. In this form, it indicates 'those who are saying' or 'things being said', often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the state of someone speaking.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΑ, ΦΘΕΓΓΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G2076

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TAN-tai

Translations: they know, they understand, they are acquainted with, they are skilled in

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is often used to describe a deep understanding or skill in something, rather than just superficial knowledge. It can be used in sentences like 'they know the truth' or 'they are skilled in a craft'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπίσταμαι (epistamai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἵσταμαι (histamai), meaning 'to stand'. The combination suggests 'to stand upon' or 'to stand over' something, implying a firm grasp or understanding.

G5438

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foo-lah-KEE-zohn

Translations: imprisoning, putting in prison, guarding, keeping in custody

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'φυλακίζω', meaning 'to imprison' or 'to guard'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. It indicates someone who is actively engaged in the act of imprisoning or guarding.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb 'φυλακίζω' is derived from 'φυλακή' (phylakē), meaning 'a guard, a prison, a watch'. It is related to 'φυλάσσω' (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, to watch, to keep'.

G1194

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: deh-RON

Translations: beating, flogging, striking, skinning, flaying, one who beats, while beating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δέρῳ' (dero), meaning 'to skin, flay, or beat/flog'. In the context of the New Testament, it most commonly refers to the act of beating or flogging someone, often as a form of punishment or abuse. It describes an ongoing action of striking or inflicting blows.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΜΑΣΤΙΖΩ, ΠΑΤΑΣΣΩ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pis-TEV-on-tas

Translations: believing, trusting, having faith, a believer, those who believe

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'believing' or 'trusting'. It describes someone who is in the act of believing or has faith. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting as a noun) referring to 'one who believes' or 'those who believe'. It implies a continuous state of faith or trust in someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1632

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ekh-YOO-neh-toh

Translations: was poured out, was shed

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect tense, indicating a continuous or repeated action in the past. It means 'was being poured out' or 'was being shed'. It is often used to describe the pouring out of liquids, such as water or blood, and can also be used metaphorically for emotions or blessings. The prefix 'ἐξ-' (ex-) emphasizes the idea of 'out from' or 'completely out'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΥΝΝΩ, ΕΚΧΥΣΙΣ

G4735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: steh-FAH-noo

Translations: of a crown, of a wreath, of a garland, of a victor's crown, of a reward

Notes: This word refers to a crown, wreath, or garland, often symbolizing victory, honor, or royalty. It can also refer to the reward or prize given to a victor in a contest. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, meaning 'of a crown' or 'belonging to a crown'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ comes from the verb στέφω (stephō), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to crown'. It is related to the idea of something that encircles the head.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G2186

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-fes-TOS

Translations: standing over, standing by, present, in charge of, overseeing, a person in charge, a supervisor

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἘΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ', meaning 'to stand over' or 'to set over'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is standing over, standing by, or present. It can also refer to someone who is in charge or overseeing something, functioning as a noun in such contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΤΗΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G4909

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-yoo-doh-KOHN

Translations: assenting, consenting, approving, agreeing with

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (with) and 'εὐδοκέω' (to be well pleased, to approve). It means to approve together with someone, to consent, or to agree with. It is often used to describe someone giving their approval or agreement to an action or decision, sometimes implying a shared sentiment or complicity.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΔΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foo-LAS-sone

Translations: keeping, guarding, observing, preserving, watching, a keeper, a guard

Notes: This word describes the action of keeping, guarding, or observing something. It can refer to physically protecting something, like a city or a person, or to observing a law or command. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is performing the action of guarding or keeping.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ comes from the Greek word φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-ROON-tohn

Translations: of those taking up, of those taking away, of those destroying, of those killing, of those slaying

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anaireō', meaning 'to take up, take away, destroy, or kill'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes the action of 'those who are taking up,' 'those who are taking away,' 'those who are destroying,' or 'those who are killing.' It functions like an adjective or noun, specifying the group performing the action, often translated as 'of those who...' or 'of the ones who...'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΟΝΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΑΝΕΛΟΝΤΩΝ

G1821

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ap-os-TEL-loh

Translations: send out, send forth, dispatch

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (out of, from) and the verb ἀποστέλλω (to send away). It means to send someone or something out from a place, to dispatch them, or to send them forth. It implies a sending with a specific purpose or mission.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἀποστέλλω (apostellō), meaning 'to send away'. The verb ἀποστέλλω itself comes from ἀπό (apo), 'from', and στέλλω (stellō), 'to send' or 'to set in order'.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-on

Translations: I was hearing, I heard, they were hearing, they heard

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to hear'. The imperfect tense describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It can also describe the beginning of an action or an action that was attempted. Depending on the context, it can mean 'I was hearing' or 'they were hearing', or simply 'I heard' or 'they heard' if the continuous aspect is not emphasized.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G1869

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AY-ran

Translations: they lifted, they raised, they took up, they carried up

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ἐπαίρω (epairō), meaning 'to lift up,' 'to raise,' or 'to take up.' It is often used in contexts where someone lifts their voice, hands, or eyes, or takes something up. For example, 'they lifted their voice' means they began to cry out or speak loudly.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΩ, ΥΨΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπαίρω (epairō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift,' 'to take up,' or 'to carry.'

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: A-ee-REH

Translations: take up, lift, carry, remove, take away

Notes: The word ΑἸΡΕ is the second person singular, present active imperative form of the verb AIRO. It means 'take up!', 'lift!', 'carry!', 'remove!', or 'take away!'. It is used to command or instruct a single person to perform one of these actions. For example, it could be used to tell someone to 'take up arms' or 'lift a burden'.

Inflection: Second person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: From an uncontracted form of Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- ('to fit, to put together').

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-ton

Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4496

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: RIP-too-NTON

Translations: throwing, casting, hurling, throwing down, casting down, throwing off, casting off

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'throwing' or 'casting'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used to describe the act of throwing something away, casting something down, or even throwing oneself down. In the provided context, it describes people throwing their garments.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Genitive

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G2868

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-nee-OR-ton

Translations: dust, a dust

Notes: This word refers to dust, especially fine dust or a cloud of dust. It is a compound word formed from 'κονία' (konía), meaning 'dust' or 'ash', and 'ὄρνυμι' (órnumi), meaning 'to rouse' or 'to stir up'. It is used to describe the particulate matter that is stirred up from the ground, often by movement or wind, and can obscure vision or settle on surfaces.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΝΙΑ, ΨΑΜΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΝΙΟΡΤΟΣ is a compound noun derived from the Greek words κονία (konía), meaning 'dust' or 'ash', and ὄρνυμι (órnumi), meaning 'to stir up' or 'to rouse'. It literally means 'that which is stirred up dust'.

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bal-LON-ton

Translations: of throwing, of casting, of putting, of placing, of striking, of laying, of pouring, of sending, of bringing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning "of those who are throwing" or "of those who are casting." It describes an ongoing action of throwing, casting, putting, or placing, and is used in a genitive context, often indicating possession or origin. It is derived from the verb βάλλω, which means to throw, cast, or put.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G5506

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-lee-AR-khos

Translations: commander of a thousand, a commander of a thousand, military tribune, a military tribune, captain, a captain, colonel, a colonel

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'χίλιοι' (thousand) and 'ἄρχος' (ruler, chief). It refers to a military officer in charge of a thousand soldiers, often translated as a military tribune or a commander of a thousand. It is used to denote a high-ranking military official.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΤΟΝΤΑΡΧΟΣ, ΛΟΧΑΓΟΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'χίλιοι' (chilioi), meaning 'thousand', and 'ἄρχος' (archos), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief'. It describes someone who rules over a thousand.

G0350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-TAH-zeh-sthai

Translations: to examine, to question, to investigate, to interrogate

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to examine, question, or investigate, often in a judicial or official context. It implies a thorough inquiry or interrogation to ascertain facts or truth. It can be used when someone is being questioned under scrutiny.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΕΠΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and ἐτάζω (etázō, 'to examine, test'). It implies an examination that goes 'up' or 'through' something thoroughly.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ig-NOH

Translations: know, recognize, understand, perceive, acknowledge, discern, learn, find out

Notes: This verb means to know fully, to recognize, or to understand completely. It implies a deeper, more complete knowledge than a simple acquaintance with something. It can also mean to learn or find out something, often with the nuance of coming to a full realization or acknowledgment.

Inflection: Does not inflect (this is the root/stem form)

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition to') and γιγνώσκω (gignōskō, 'to know'). It literally means 'to know upon' or 'to know fully'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-PHOH-noon

Translations: they were shouting, they were crying out, they were calling out

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'φωνέω' (phōneō), meaning 'to sound' or 'to speak'. Together, it means to shout at, call out to, or exclaim. It describes an action of speaking loudly or crying out, often in a public or emphatic manner. In the provided context, it refers to a group of people shouting or crying out.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΠΙΦΩΝΕΩ is formed from the prefix ΕΠΙ- (epi-), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΦΩΝΕΩ (phōneō), meaning 'to sound' or 'to speak'.

G4386

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-TEI-nan

Translations: they stretched forth, they extended, they offered, they proposed

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'προτείνω' (proteino). It means to stretch out, extend, or offer something. It can refer to physically stretching out a limb or an object, or metaphorically extending an offer, a proposal, or a challenge. In a sentence, it would describe an action performed by 'they' (a group of people) in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G2438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MAH-sin

Translations: thong, strap, lash, a thong, a strap, a lash

Notes: This word refers to a thong, strap, or lash, typically made of leather. It can be used to describe a sandal strap, a whip, or a cord for binding. In the provided context, it seems to be a misspelling of 'ΑΙΜΑΣΙΝ' (haimasin), which is the dative plural of 'ΑΙΜΑ' (haima), meaning 'blood'. If it were 'ΑΙΜΑΣΙΝ', it would mean 'in blood' or 'with blood'. However, if 'ΙΜΑΣΙΝ' is intended, it would mean 'with thongs' or 'with straps'. Given the context of building cities and mixing, 'ΑΙΜΑΣΙΝ' (blood) is far more likely.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΖΩΝΗ, ΣΧΟΙΝΙΟΝ

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ess-TOH-tah

Translations: standing, having stood, appointed, a standing one

Notes: This word is the accusative masculine singular form of the perfect active participle of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. It describes someone or something that is in a state of having stood or being established. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and can also be used substantively to mean 'the one standing' or 'he who stands'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΤΑ, ΠΑΡΕΣΤΩΤΑ

G1543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: heh-kah-ton-TAR-khays

Translations: centurion, a centurion

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'commander of a hundred'. It refers to a Roman military officer in charge of a century, which typically consisted of 80 to 100 soldiers. The centurion was a highly respected and experienced soldier, responsible for training and leading his men in battle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΤΟΝΤΑΡΧΟΣ, ΚΕΝΤΥΡΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΕΚΑΤΟΝ (hekaton), meaning 'one hundred', and ΑΡΧΩ (archō), meaning 'to rule' or 'to command'. Thus, it literally means 'ruler of a hundred'.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pros-EL-thohn

Translations: having come to, approaching, having approached, coming near

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come to' or 'having approached'. It describes an action that happened prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate someone drawing near to a person or place, or coming forward to do something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΕΓΓΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G5506

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-lee-AR-khoh

Translations: commander of a thousand, a commander of a thousand, tribune, a tribune

Notes: This word refers to a military commander who is in charge of a thousand soldiers, similar to a colonel or a tribune in Roman military structure. It is a compound word formed from 'χίλιοι' (chilioi), meaning 'a thousand', and 'ἄρχω' (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to command'. In this form, it is the singular dative case, indicating 'to a commander of a thousand' or 'for a commander of a thousand'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΑΡΧΟΣ, ΕΚΑΤΟΝΤΑΡΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: χίλιοι (chilioi), meaning 'a thousand', and ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to command'. It literally means 'ruler of a thousand'.

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PANG-gei-len

Translations: he announced, he reported, he told, he declared, he brought word

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō). It means 'he announced,' 'he reported,' or 'he told.' It is used to describe the action of someone conveying a message or information to others, often with the sense of bringing news from one place to another. It is a compound word, combining the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from') with the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce' or 'to report').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΕΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report.' Thus, the word literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report from,' emphasizing the source or origin of the message.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G3483

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: NAH-ee

Translations: yes, truly, indeed, even so, assuredly

Notes: This word is an adverb used to express affirmation, agreement, or strong assertion. It can be translated as 'yes' in response to a question, or 'truly' and 'indeed' to emphasize a statement. It often conveys a sense of certainty or confirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΜΗΝ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΝΑΙ' comes from an ancient Greek particle expressing affirmation. Its origin is uncertain, but it is found in various forms across different Indo-European languages with similar meanings of affirmation or assent.

G4174

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-li-TEI-an

Translations: citizenship, a citizenship, commonwealth, a commonwealth, conduct, a conduct, way of life, a way of life

Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state or commonwealth, or one's manner of life and conduct. It can describe the political system of a community or an individual's behavior within that community. In the provided form, it is the accusative singular, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΜΑ, ΒΙΟΣ, ΑΓΩΓΗ

G1080

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GEN-nee-mai

Translations: I have been born, I was born

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'γεννάω' (gennaō), meaning 'to beget' or 'to give birth'. In the perfect passive, it means 'I have been born' or 'I was born', indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It describes the state of having been brought into existence.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Etymology: From the root 'γένος' (genos), meaning 'race, stock, family', which is related to the idea of origin and birth.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAY-san

Translations: they departed, they withdrew, they stood away, they revolted, they fell away

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb meaning 'to stand off from', 'to depart', 'to withdraw', or 'to revolt'. It describes an action of separation or defection that occurred in the past. It can be used to describe physical departure or a spiritual or political falling away.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from") and ἵστημι (histēmi, "to stand"), literally meaning "to stand from" or "to stand off".

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tes

Translations: about to, going to, intending to, destined to, on the point of

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent or a future event that is certain to happen. It often functions like an auxiliary verb, preceding an infinitive to express future intention or destiny. For example, 'about to go' or 'intending to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G0350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-eh-TAH-zayn

Translations: to examine, to question, to investigate, to interrogate

Notes: This verb means to examine, question, or investigate someone or something, often with the intent of discovering facts or truth. It implies a thorough inquiry, such as in a legal or official context. It can be used to describe the act of interrogating a person or scrutinizing a matter.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ἘΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ἘΡΩΤΑΩ

Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and ἐτάζω (etázō, 'to examine, test'). The combination suggests a thorough or repeated examination.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-GNOOS

Translations: having known, knowing, recognizing, understanding, perceiving, having perceived, having recognized, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epiginōskō', meaning 'to know fully, to recognize, to understand completely'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It implies a deeper, more complete knowledge than simple 'ginōskō' (to know). It can be translated as 'having known' or 'knowing' depending on the context, often implying a realization or full recognition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-DEH-koss

Translations: having bound, bound, tied

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can be translated as 'having bound' or simply 'bound' or 'tied', indicating someone or something that is in a state of being bound.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΕΜΕΝΟΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΔΕΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'.

G0795

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: as-fa-LES

Translations: safe, secure, certain, sure, a safe thing, a certain thing

Notes: This word describes something as safe, secure, or certain. It implies a state of being free from danger, doubt, or risk. It can be used to describe a place, a fact, or a condition that is reliable and trustworthy.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΣΦΑΛΗΣ (asphalēs) comes from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and σφάλλω (sphallō), meaning 'to cause to fall' or 'to stumble'. Thus, it literally means 'not falling' or 'unfailing', leading to the sense of secure, safe, and certain.

G4905

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-el-THAIN

Translations: to come together, to assemble, to gather, to meet, to associate with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (with, together) and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go). It means to come or go together with others, to assemble, or to meet. It can be used in various contexts to describe people gathering for a specific purpose or simply coming into each other's presence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (meaning 'to come' or 'to go').

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REIS

Translations: high priest, chief priest, a high priest, chief priests

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the head of the priestly order, particularly the chief religious official in ancient Israel. In the plural, 'chief priests' often refers to the leading members of the priestly class, including the current high priest, former high priests, and heads of the priestly families. It is used to denote those with significant religious authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ED-ree-on

Translations: council, a council, Sanhedrin, a Sanhedrin, assembly, an assembly

Notes: This word refers to a council or an assembly, particularly a judicial body. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish court in Jerusalem. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἕδρα' (seat).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting'. Thus, it literally means 'a sitting together' or 'an assembly of those sitting together'.

G2609

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-gah-GOHN

Translations: bringing down, leading down, having brought down, having led down

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'κατάγω' (katago), which is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Therefore, 'κατάγω' means 'to lead down', 'to bring down', 'to conduct', or 'to bring back'. As a participle, 'καταγαγών' describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having brought down' or 'the one who brought down'. It can function adjectivally or adverbially, indicating the agent or the circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΙΒΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'κατάγω' is formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G2476