2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-thay-TAYS

Translations: disciple, student, learner, a disciple, a student, a learner

Notes: This word refers to a learner, pupil, or student, especially one who follows the teachings and example of a master. In the New Testament, it is most commonly used to describe followers of Jesus Christ. It implies a close relationship of learning and adherence to the teacher's way of life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΤΗΣ, ΕΚΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. It describes one who is engaged in the act of learning or being taught.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G4103

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PIS-tays

Translations: of a faithful one, of a believer, of a trustworthy person, to faithful ones, to believers, to trustworthy people

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΠΙΣΤΟΣ' (PISTOS), meaning 'faithful,' 'trustworthy,' or 'believing.' As 'ΠΙΣΤΗΣ,' it can function as a genitive singular, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of a faithful person'), or as a dative plural, indicating the indirect object (e.g., 'to faithful people'). It describes someone or something that is reliable, true, or has faith.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΙΣΤΟΣ' comes from the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (PEITHO), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust.' It is related to the concept of trust and belief.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3140

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-mar-TOO-ree-toh

Translations: was testified, was borne witness to, was given a good report, was well-spoken of

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative passive form of the verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be testified about' or 'to be given a good report'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or habitually being testified about or well-regarded by others.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΜΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

Etymology: From μάρτυς (martys, "witness") and the suffix -έω (-eō, forming verbs). It refers to the act of being a witness or giving testimony.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2417

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-KO-nee-oh

Translations: Iconium, to Iconium, in Iconium

Notes: This word refers to Iconium, an important city in ancient Asia Minor, located in the Roman province of Galatia (modern-day Turkey). It is frequently mentioned in the New Testament, particularly in the book of Acts, as a place where the apostles Paul and Barnabas preached and faced persecution. It is typically used in sentences to indicate a location, often with prepositions like 'in' or 'to'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Etymology: The name 'Iconium' is of ancient origin, possibly Phrygian or Greek, and its precise etymology is debated. It was a significant city throughout the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thain

Translations: to go out, to come out, to depart, to exit

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It is a compound verb formed from 'ek' (out of) and 'erchomai' (to come/go). It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state to another. It can be used in contexts like leaving a house, departing from a city, or emerging from a situation.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-teh-men

Translations: he circumcised, he cut around

Notes: This word means 'to circumcise' or 'to cut around'. It is often used in the context of the Jewish ritual of circumcision. It can also be used more generally to mean 'to cut off' or 'to remove something from around'. In a figurative sense, it can refer to the 'circumcision of the heart', meaning a spiritual purification.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΕΜΝΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noys

Translations: to those, for those, with those, by those, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'those' or 'that one' (when singular). In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or a relationship of benefit or detriment. It can be translated as 'to those,' 'for those,' or 'with those,' depending on the context. It can refer to people or things previously mentioned or understood from the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓͂ΤΟΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DAY-san

Translations: they knew, they had known

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. It describes an action of knowing that occurred in the past, often with an emphasis on the completion of the action. It can be used in sentences like 'They knew the truth' or 'They had known the way'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΔΑ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'wit' and 'wisdom'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tes

Translations: all, everyone, the whole, every

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'everyone'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of a group or thing, often translated as 'all without exception' or 'the whole of'. It can be used to describe people or things.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The combination emphasizes the sense of 'all' or 'the whole' in a comprehensive manner.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1672

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HEL-lane

Translations: Greek, a Greek, Gentile, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a Greek person, someone of Greek origin or culture. In a broader sense, especially in the New Testament, it can refer to a Gentile, meaning anyone who is not a Jew. It is used to distinguish between Jewish people and non-Jewish people, often implying a cultural or religious difference rather than just an ethnic one.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΙΚΟΣ, ΕΘΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the name of the mythical ancestor Hellen. It refers to the inhabitants of Hellas (Greece).

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PEER-khen

Translations: was, existed, there was, there existed, had, possessed

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to be' or 'to exist', often implying a state of being or possession that continued over a period in the past. It can mean 'was', 'existed', or 'there was/existed'. It can also mean 'to have' or 'to possess', indicating what someone had or what was available to them. It describes a continuous or repeated action or state in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΗΝ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1330, G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-por-YOO-on-toh

Translations: they were traveling through, they were passing through, they were going through

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ (POREUOMAI), meaning 'to go' or 'to travel'. Therefore, ΔΙΕΠΟΡΕΥΟΝΤΟ means 'they were going through' or 'they were traveling through'. It describes a continuous action of moving through a place or region.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-DIH-doh-san

Translations: they were handing over, they were delivering, they were entrusting, they were betraying

Notes: This word is the 3rd person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb παραδίδωμι (paradidomi). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. The verb παραδίδωμι is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to hand over'. It is used to describe the act of handing something over, delivering, entrusting, or even betraying someone or something into the hands of another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2919

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: keh-KREE-meh-nah

Translations: decided, judged, determined, decreed, things decided, things judged, decrees

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been judged or decided. It refers to things that have been definitively settled or determined, often by an authority or through a process of judgment.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ, ΔΟΓΜΑΤΑ, ΠΡΟΣΚΕΚΡΙΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The verb 'κρίνω' (krino) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to separate, to cut, to distinguish'. It developed in Greek to mean 'to distinguish, to judge, to decide'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-ai

Translations: (to) assemblies, (to) churches, (to) congregations, (in) assemblies, (in) churches, (in) congregations

Notes: This word refers to an assembly, congregation, or church. It denotes a gathering of people, often for a specific purpose, particularly a religious one. In the New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to the community of believers, either locally or universally.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ (ekklēsia) is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call.' Thus, it literally means 'a calling out' or 'those called out.'

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tei

Translations: (by) faith, (in) faith, (with) faith, (to) faith, (by) trust, (in) trust, (with) trust, (to) trust, (by) belief, (in) belief, (with) belief, (to) belief

Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'faith,' 'trust,' or 'belief.' It refers to a firm conviction or reliance on something or someone. In Koine Greek, it is often used to describe spiritual faith, particularly in God or Christ. As a dative case, it indicates the means, instrument, or recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'by,' 'in,' 'with,' or 'to.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ

G4052

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-ri-SEH-oo-on

Translations: they were abounding, they were overflowing, they were increasing, they were excelling, they were left over

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to abound, to be in abundance, to overflow, to increase, or to excel. It describes a state of having more than enough or experiencing growth. In this form, it indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, often translated as 'they were abounding' or 'they were increasing'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word περισσεύω (perisseuō) comes from the adjective περισσός (perissos), meaning 'exceeding, abundant, superfluous'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2967

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: koh-loo-THEN-tes

Translations: hindered, prevented, forbidden, restrained, having been hindered, having been prevented

Notes: This word describes someone or something that has been hindered, prevented, or forbidden from doing something. It is a passive participle, indicating that the subject is receiving the action of being hindered. It can be used to describe a state or an action that has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0773

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-SEE-ah

Translations: Asia

Notes: This word refers to the Roman province of Asia, located in western Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). It was a significant region in the ancient world, frequently mentioned in historical and biblical texts. It is used to denote the geographical area.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Asia' is of ancient origin, possibly from an Anatolian or Akkadian word. It was used by the Greeks to refer to the land east of the Aegean Sea, eventually encompassing the entire continent.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0978

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bee-thoo-NEE-an

Translations: Bithynia, to Bithynia, into Bithynia

Notes: Bithynia was an ancient region and Roman province located in northwestern Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey), bordering the Black Sea. It is a proper noun referring to this geographical area. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate the place itself or the destination of movement, as suggested by its accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Bithynia' is of ancient origin, likely derived from the Bithyni, a Thracian tribe who migrated to the region. It was historically a kingdom before becoming a Roman province.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1439

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-AH-sen

Translations: he allowed, he permitted, he let, he suffered

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to allow,' 'to permit,' or 'to let go.' It describes an action where someone gives permission or refrains from preventing something. It is often used in contexts where one person grants another the freedom to act or to be in a certain state.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the concept of 'leaving' or 'letting go.'

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G3928

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-el-THON-tes

Translations: having passed by, having gone past, having gone away, having come to an end

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρέρχομαι', meaning 'to pass by', 'to go past', or 'to come to an end'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to indicate the manner or time of another action, or adjectivally to describe a noun. It implies movement beyond a point or the completion of a period.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G3705

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-RAH-mah

Translations: vision, a vision, sight, a sight, appearance, an appearance

Notes: This word refers to something seen, especially a supernatural appearance or a divine revelation, often in a dream or trance. It can also refer to a physical sight or appearance. It is used to describe what one perceives with their eyes, whether literally or figuratively, as in a prophetic vision.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΟΠΤΑΣΙΑ, ΕΝΥΠΝΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'. It refers to the result or object of seeing.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-DOHN

Translations: Macedonian, a Macedonian

Notes: This word refers to a person from Macedonia, a historical region and ancient kingdom located on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is used to describe someone's origin or nationality, indicating they are from Macedonia.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek word 'Μακεδονία' (Makedonia), referring to the ancient kingdom of Macedon. The name itself is thought to be related to 'μακεδνός' (makednos), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the inhabitants or the mountainous terrain.

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ess-TOHS

Translations: standing, having stood, being set, appointed, a standing one

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is in a state of standing, or has taken a stand. It can also function adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed, such as 'while standing' or 'having stood'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand'. It is a common verb in ancient Greek, used to describe various states of being upright or causing something to be upright.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOHN

Translations: comforting, exhorting, encouraging, appealing, entreating, inviting, consoling, a comforter, an exhorter, one who comforts, one who exhorts

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is comforting' or 'one who is exhorting'. It describes an ongoing action of providing comfort, encouragement, or an appeal. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to the person performing the action, such as 'the comforter' or 'the one who exhorts'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1224

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: dee-AH-bas

Translations: a crossing, a passage, one who crosses, crossing over, passable

Notes: This word refers to the act of crossing over or passing through something, or a place where one crosses, such as a ford or a pass. It can also describe someone or something that is crossing or capable of being crossed. It is often used in contexts involving movement from one side to another, like crossing a river or a sea.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (as a noun/participle); Masculine, Accusative, Plural (as a participle); Feminine, Accusative, Plural (as a participle); Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural (as a participle)

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣΜΑ, ΠΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΒΑΣ is derived from the verb διαβαίνω (diabainō), meaning 'to step across, to pass through'. It is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the root βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-do-NEE-ahn

Translations: Macedonia

Notes: This word refers to Macedonia, a historical and geographical region in the Balkan Peninsula. In ancient times, it was a powerful kingdom that rose to prominence under Philip II and his son Alexander the Great. It is often mentioned in historical and biblical texts, particularly in the New Testament, as a region where early Christian communities were established.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Macedonia' is of ancient Greek origin, derived from the Greek word 'μακεδνός' (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the stature of its inhabitants or the mountainous nature of the region.

G4822

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-bee-BAH-zon-tes

Translations: concluding, inferring, proving, joining together, knitting together, bringing together, instructing, teaching

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'concluding' or 'inferring'. It can also mean 'to join together' or 'to knit together', implying a process of bringing things or people into unity or agreement. In a broader sense, it can mean 'to instruct' or 'to teach', by bringing facts or ideas together to form a conclusion or understanding. It is often used to describe the act of drawing a conclusion from evidence or reasoning.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ

G4341

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ke-KLE-tai

Translations: has been called, has been invited, has been summoned

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to invite.' In its perfect passive form, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, with the subject being the recipient of the action. Therefore, 'ΠΡΟΣΚΕΚΛΗΤΑΙ' means 'he/she/it has been called to oneself,' 'has been invited,' or 'has been summoned.' It implies a formal or deliberate calling or invitation.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Tense, Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΛΗΤΑΙ, ΕΠΙΚΕΚΛΗΤΑΙ, ΣΥΓΚΕΚΛΗΤΑΙ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G0321

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nakh-THEN-tes

Translations: having put to sea, having set sail, having been led up, having been brought up, having been brought back

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'back') and ἄγω (ago, 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It means 'having been led up' or 'having been brought back'. In the context of ships, it specifically refers to 'having put to sea' or 'having set sail'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often indicating the subject of the verb has performed or undergone the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΑΠΟΠΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνάγω (anagō) is formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The combination signifies leading or bringing something upwards or backwards.

G2116

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-thoo-droh-MAY-sah-men

Translations: we ran a straight course, we sailed straight, we went straight, we sailed directly

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'εὐθύς' (straight, direct) and 'δρόμος' (a course, running). It means to run or go in a straight or direct course, often used in the context of sailing directly to a destination without deviation. In the provided example, it describes sailing directly from one place to another.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΩ, ΔΙΑΠΛΕΩ

G4543

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-moh-THRAH-kane

Translations: Samothrace

Notes: This word refers to Samothrace, a mountainous island in the northern Aegean Sea. In Koine Greek, it is often used to indicate movement towards or arrival at the island, functioning as the direct object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Samothrace' is a compound word, combining 'Samos' (another Greek island name, possibly meaning 'height' or 'high place' in an older language) and 'Thrace' (referring to the region of Thrace, indicating its location near the Thracian coast).

G1966

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-OO-see

Translations: next, following, coming, approaching, on the next day, the following day

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'next,' 'following,' or 'coming.' It is often used substantively, especially in the dative feminine singular (as in the provided examples, 'τῇ ἐπιούσῃ'), where it implies 'day' or 'morning,' thus translating to 'on the next day' or 'on the following day.' It describes something that is imminent or immediately succeeding.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΗ, ΕΦΕΞΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΟΥΣΗ is derived from the verb ΕΠΕΙΜΙ (epeimi), meaning 'to come upon' or 'to follow.' It is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to,' and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to go' or 'to come.'

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HEE-tis

Translations: who, which, whoever, whichever, whatever

Notes: ΗΤΙΣ is a relative pronoun, used to introduce a clause that describes a preceding noun. It is a compound word formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' in English, often providing additional information about a person or thing. It is used in a descriptive sense, often emphasizing the quality or characteristic of the antecedent.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the feminine definite article 'ἡ' (he) and the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis). It developed in Koine Greek to provide a more emphatic or descriptive relative pronoun than the simple 'ὅς' (hos).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3310

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-REE-doss

Translations: of a portion, of a share, of a part, of an inheritance, a portion, a share, a part, an inheritance

Notes: This word refers to a portion, share, or part of something, often implying a division or an allocation. It can also refer to an inheritance or lot. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, similar to how 'of' is used in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΜΟΙΡΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΡΙΣ (meris) comes from the verb μερίζω (merizō), meaning 'to divide' or 'to distribute'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G2894

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-loh-NEE-ah

Translations: colony, a colony

Notes: This word refers to a colony, specifically a Roman colony. In the context of the Roman Empire, a colony was a settlement of Roman citizens established in conquered territory, often for military or strategic purposes. These colonies typically enjoyed certain privileges and were governed by Roman law, serving as outposts of Roman culture and administration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From Latin 'colonia', meaning 'settlement, farm, landed estate', which itself comes from 'colonus' (farmer, settler), related to 'colere' (to cultivate, inhabit).

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-men

Translations: we were, we had been

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It specifically means 'we were' or 'we had been', indicating an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It is used to describe the past existence or condition of a group of people (us).

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-, meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-AYL-tho-men

Translations: we went out, we came out, we departed, we exited

Notes: This word is the first person plural, aorist indicative form of the verb 'ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It describes an action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is used to indicate that 'we' performed this action in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive (deponent)

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1854

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EX-oh

Translations: outside, out, without, abroad

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2523

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-thee-SAN-tes

Translations: having sat down, sitting down, when they sat down, after they sat down

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit'. It describes an action of sitting that has already occurred or is ongoing, often implying a state resulting from that action. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'having sat down' or 'while sitting'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΔΡΑΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G4905

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-el-THOO-sais

Translations: (to) having come together, (to) having assembled, (to) having gathered

Notes: This word is a dative plural feminine aorist active participle of the verb 'συνέρχομαι' (synerchomai), meaning 'to come together' or 'to assemble'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the action of a noun. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a group of females, and the dative case suggests it is the indirect object of a verb or follows a preposition that takes the dative. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

G4218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: por-fy-ro-POH-lis

Translations: seller of purple, a seller of purple, purple-seller, a purple-seller

Notes: This is a compound noun referring to a person who sells purple dye or purple cloth. In ancient times, purple dye was very expensive and associated with royalty and wealth, so a seller of purple would have been a merchant dealing in luxury goods.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ΠΟΡΦΥΡΑ (PORPHYRA), meaning 'purple dye' or 'purple cloth', and ΠΩΛΕΩ (POLEO), meaning 'to sell'.

G2363

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: thoo-ah-TEH-ee-ron

Translations: of Thyatira

Notes: Thyatira was an ancient city located in the Roman province of Asia, now modern-day Turkey. It was known for its dyeing industry, particularly purple dye, and was one of the seven churches addressed in the Book of Revelation. The word is used here in the genitive case to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of Thyatira'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Thyatira' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or Lydian. It is believed to have been founded by Seleucus I Nicator.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EKH-ayn

Translations: to pay attention, to give heed, to attend to, to beware, to apply oneself, to hold to

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb προσέχω. It means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, often implying caution, diligence, or adherence. It can be used to mean 'to pay attention to', 'to be careful', 'to beware of', 'to apply oneself to', or 'to hold to' a teaching or person. It often takes a dative object or a prepositional phrase.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word προσέχω is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to have towards', which developed into the sense of directing one's attention or mind towards something.

G2980

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-loo-MEH-noys

Translations: spoken, being spoken, things spoken, words spoken, things being said, things being spoken of

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is being spoken or talked about. In the given form, it refers to 'those things being spoken' or 'the things being said'. It is often used in contexts where actions or words are being communicated or discussed.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΡΗΘΕΙΣΙΝ

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-AL-eh-sen

Translations: he called, he summoned, he urged, he exhorted, he comforted, he encouraged, he appealed, he implored, he requested

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to call to one's side, to summon, to urge, to exhort, to comfort, or to encourage. It can also mean to appeal to, to implore, or to request. Its specific meaning often depends on the context and the direct object it takes. In the provided examples, it seems to be used in the sense of urging or requesting someone to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOO-sah

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, a woman saying

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It is in the feminine, singular, and nominative case, meaning it describes a female subject who is in the act of saying, speaking, or telling something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is saying'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH

Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

G1525

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ice-EL-thon-tes

Translations: entering, having entered, going in, coming in

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'εἰσέρχομαι' (eiserchomai), meaning 'to go in' or 'to enter'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can be translated as 'entering' or 'having entered', indicating an action that is either ongoing or completed relative to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to describe someone who has come into a place or situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G3849

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-bee-AH-sa-toh

Translations: compelled, urged, constrained, forced, pressed

Notes: This word describes the act of compelling, urging, or forcing someone to do something, often against their initial inclination. It implies a strong persuasion or pressure applied to overcome resistance. It is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb βιάζομαι (biazōmai), meaning 'to use force' or 'to compel'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OO-san

Translations: having, possessing, holding, a having, a possessing, a holding

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἘΧΩ', meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action or state. In this form, it describes a feminine singular noun that is the direct object of a verb, indicating that it is 'the one having' or 'the one possessing' something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΕΝΗΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΗΝ

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EI-khen

Translations: was providing, was supplying, was offering, was giving, was presenting

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was providing' or 'he/she/it was supplying'. It can be used to describe someone continuously giving or offering something.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, they convey the sense of holding out or presenting something.

G3132

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: man-TEV-oh-men-ay

Translations: prophesying, divining, practicing divination, a prophetess, a diviner

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'prophesying' or 'practicing divination'. It describes someone who is engaged in the act of foretelling the future or seeking divine knowledge, often through supernatural means. It can be used to describe a person who is a prophetess or a diviner.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ, ΧΡΗΣΤΗΡΙΑΖΩ

G2628

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-koh-loo-THOO-sah

Translations: following, accompanying, attending

Notes: This word describes the action of following closely or accompanying someone. It implies a continuous or persistent act of going along with another person or group, often in a supportive or observant capacity. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō), meaning 'to follow'.

Inflection: Present Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G5310

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: YP-see-STOO

Translations: (of) the Most High, (of) the Highest, (of) God Most High

Notes: This word means 'highest' or 'most high'. It is often used as a substantive, referring to God as 'the Most High'. It describes something or someone that is supreme in position, rank, or quality. When used in a sentence, it typically functions as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a noun itself referring to God.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΨΙΣΤΟΣ (hypsistos) is derived from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It is the superlative form of the adjective ὑψηλός (hypsēlos), meaning 'high'.

G2605

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tang-GEL-loo-sin

Translations: they proclaim, they announce, they declare, they preach

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'). It means to proclaim, announce, or declare something publicly and emphatically, often with authority or a sense of mission. It is used to describe the act of making something widely known or preaching a message.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G1288

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-poh-nee-THEYS

Translations: being greatly distressed, being worn out, being troubled, being annoyed, being vexed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly,' and the verb πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil' or 'to labor.' Therefore, it means to be thoroughly toiled, worn out, or greatly distressed. It describes a state of being deeply troubled or annoyed, often due to persistent effort or vexation. It is used to indicate someone who has been greatly bothered or wearied.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΧΛΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΠΟΝΕΩ is derived from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly,' and the verb πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil, labor, or suffer.'

G1994

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-sas

Translations: having turned, having returned, turning back, returning

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action completed prior to the main verb of the sentence. It means 'having turned back' or 'having returned' and describes someone who has performed the action of turning or returning. It often implies a change of direction, a reversal of course, or a coming back to a previous state or place.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ὙΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and στρέφω (strephō, 'to turn'). It literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn back'.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee

Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition

Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-rang-GEL-loh

Translations: command, order, instruct, charge, give orders, announce, proclaim

Notes: This verb means to give a command, order, or instruction. It implies a formal or authoritative directive. It can be used in various contexts, such as a general giving orders to soldiers, a teacher instructing students, or a ruler issuing a decree. It often takes an infinitive or a dependent clause to specify what is commanded.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραγγέλλω (parangéllō), formed from παρά (pará, 'beside, by') and ἀγγέλλω (angéllō, 'to announce, report'). The combination suggests 'to announce alongside' or 'to transmit an order'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G5547

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khri-STOO

Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EHL-then

Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out, he came out, she came out, it came out, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is used to indicate that a person or thing has exited or left a specific area.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EL-peess

Translations: hope, a hope, expectation, a trust, a confidence

Notes: This word refers to a confident expectation, a trust, or a belief in a positive future outcome. It can describe both the act of hoping and the object of that hope. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the Christian hope in God's promises.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From an assumed base of *ελπ- (elp-), meaning 'to hope'. It is related to the verb ἐλπίζω (elpizō), 'to hope'.

G1949

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-lah-bo-MEH-noy

Translations: taking hold of, laying hold of, seizing, grasping, helping, assisting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epilambanomai', meaning 'to take hold of', 'to seize', or 'to lay hold of'. It is often used in the middle voice, implying an action done for oneself or with a personal interest. It can also carry the sense of 'to help' or 'to assist' someone by taking hold of them or their situation. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, over) and 'lambanomai' (to take, receive).

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

G0058

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH

Translations: marketplace, a marketplace, market, a market, public square, a public square

Notes: This word refers to a public place of assembly, typically an open space in a city or town. It was used for various purposes, including commerce (a market), legal proceedings, and general public gatherings. It is often translated as 'marketplace' or 'public square'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑ, ἘΜΠΟΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀγορά' (Agora) comes from the Greek verb 'ἀγείρω' (ageirō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. It refers to a place where people gather.

G4314

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-ah-GAH-gon-tes

Translations: bringing to, leading to, bringing forward, presenting, approaching, drawing near

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having brought to' or 'having led to'. It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb's action. It is often used to describe the act of bringing someone or something into the presence of another, or causing something to approach or be presented.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tes

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist, possessing, having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, meaning 'to be,' 'to exist,' or 'to possess.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state of being. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing,' often referring to people or things that are in a certain state or possess something. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'those who are' or 'those who exist.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΩΝ, ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G3858

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DE-khes-thai

Translations: to receive, to accept, to admit, to approve, to welcome

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'paradéchomai'. It means to receive something, often with a sense of acceptance, approval, or welcome. It can be used in contexts where one takes something into possession, or agrees to something, or admits someone into a place or group.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'para' (παρά), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and 'dechomai' (δέχομαι), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G4514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys

Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans

Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ep-ES-tee

Translations: rose up, stood together, gathered against, attacked

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (with, together), 'ἐπί' (upon, against), and 'ἵστημι' (to stand). It describes a situation where a group of people stands together or rises up against someone or something, often with hostile intent. It implies a collective action of opposition or attack.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ is formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn, 'with, together'), the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, against'), and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi, 'to stand, to set'). It literally means 'to stand together upon or against'.

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OCH-los

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, mob, a mob

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a multitude, or a crowd. It can sometimes carry the connotation of a common or unorganized group, or even a disorderly mob. It is typically used to describe a large number of people gathered together, often in a public space.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ὈΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or possibly related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to throng'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOY

Translations: generals, commanders, governors, magistrates, chief captains, to generals, to commanders, to governors, to magistrates, to chief captains

Notes: This word refers to military commanders, generals, or civil magistrates and governors. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of leaders or officials, often in a military or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'to the generals' or 'the commanders'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

G4062

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-REH-xan-tess

Translations: tearing off, having torn off, ripping off, having ripped off

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break', 'to tear', or 'to burst'. As a compound, it specifically means 'to tear all around' or 'to tear off completely'. It describes an action of violently tearing something away or apart from something else. In a sentence, it would describe the subject as having performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KEH-leh-on

Translations: they were commanding, they were ordering, they were urging, they were bidding

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' 'to urge,' or 'to bid.' It describes an action of giving instructions or directives. In this form, it indicates that a group of people (they) were in the process of giving a command or order in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κέλλω (kello, 'to drive, to urge').

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-THEN-tes

Translations: having placed upon, having laid upon, having put upon, having imposed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to place upon' or 'to lay upon'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone or something has been placed or laid upon another object or person. It is often used to describe the act of placing hands on someone (e.g., for healing or blessing), or placing an object on a surface.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-rang-GEI-lan-tes

Translations: having commanded, having ordered, having instructed, having charged, having given orders

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγγέλλω', meaning 'to command, order, instruct, or charge'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, indicating an action that has already occurred. It describes someone who has performed the action of commanding or ordering.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

G2081

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-SOH-teh-ran

Translations: inner, an inner, inward, interior

Notes: This word describes something that is located further inside or is more internal. It is often used to refer to an inner part of a building, a court, or a chamber, indicating a deeper or more secluded area. It functions as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more inward' or 'further in'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΝΔΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ἘΝΔΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἘΣΩΤΕΡΟΣ is derived from the adverb ἔσω (esō), meaning 'within' or 'inside', with the comparative suffix -τερος (-teros).

G0794

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ays-fuh-LEE-sah-toh

Translations: he secured, she secured, it secured, he made safe, she made safe, it made safe, he made firm, she made firm, it made firm, he guaranteed, she guaranteed, it guaranteed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb ἀσφαλίζω (asphalizō). It means to make secure, to make safe, to make firm, or to guarantee. It describes an action completed in the past, where someone or something was made safe or secure, or a guarantee was provided.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G3586

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KSEE-lon

Translations: wood, a wood, tree, a tree, timber, a timber, staff, a staff, club, a club, cross, a cross

Notes: This word refers to wood in various forms. It can mean a living tree, cut timber, a piece of wood used as a staff or club, or even a structure made of wood, such as a cross or gallows. Its meaning is determined by the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΔΟΚΟΣ, ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of cutting or hewing.

G1874

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ay-kroh-O-ohn-toh

Translations: they were listening, they listened

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to listen attentively to' or 'to give ear to'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon' or 'to') and the verb ἀκροάομαι (akroaomai, 'to hear' or 'to listen'). The prefix ἐπί intensifies the action of listening, implying a focused or attentive hearing. It describes an ongoing action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΑΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G0869

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AF-noh

Translations: suddenly, unexpectedly, all at once

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'suddenly' or 'unexpectedly'. It is used to describe an action or event that happens without warning or preparation, often implying a quick or abrupt occurrence. For example, it can describe someone falling suddenly or a noise appearing unexpectedly.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΙΦΝΗΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of ἈΦΝΩ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root φαν- (phan-), meaning 'to appear' or 'to show', possibly implying something that appears suddenly or without being seen beforehand.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G2374

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THOO-rai

Translations: doors, gates, a door, a gate

Notes: This word refers to a door or a gate, serving as an entrance or exit to a building, room, or enclosed area. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple doors or a set of gates. It can also metaphorically represent an opportunity or access.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΥΛΗ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *dhwer- meaning 'door, doorway'. It is cognate with English 'door'.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-thay

Translations: set up, dedicated, placed, offered, laid up

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἀνατίθημι, meaning to set up, dedicate, or place something. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. It is used to describe the action of placing something in a prominent position, often with the intention of dedication or offering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G1200

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: des-mo-PHY-laks

Translations: jailer, a jailer, prison guard, keeper of the prison

Notes: This is a compound noun formed from 'δεσμός' (desmos), meaning 'bond' or 'prison', and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'guard' or 'keeper'. It refers to a person who is in charge of a prison and its prisoners. It is used to describe the official responsible for the custody of prisoners.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΦΥΛΑΚΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΟΦΥΛΑΚΑΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'δεσμός' (desmos), meaning 'bond, chain, prison', which comes from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind'; and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'guard, keeper', which comes from the verb 'φυλάσσω' (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, to watch'.

G2374

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-RAS

Translations: of a door, of a gate, doors, gates

Notes: This word refers to a door, gate, or entrance, which is an opening in a wall or fence that allows passage. It can also refer to the opportunity or access provided by such an opening. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the place of entry or exit.

Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΠΥΛΗ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΘΥΡΑ" comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a door or gate. It is related to words for door in other Indo-European languages.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fy-LAH-kays

Translations: (of) guard, (of) prison, (of) watch, (of) custody, (of) a guard, (of) a prison, (of) a watch, (of) a custody

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding, a place of confinement like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can also refer to the people who are guarding or keeping watch. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of the guard' or 'belonging to the prison'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

G4685

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: spah-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having drawn, having pulled out, having torn, having plucked, having rent

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'σπάω' (spao), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed by the subject. It often implies the action of drawing something out, such as a sword from its sheath, or pulling something apart.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΚΥΣΑΣ, ΑΝΑΓΑΓΩΝ, ΑΠΟΣΠΑΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb 'σπάω' (spao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to pull' or 'to stretch'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar actions of drawing or pulling.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-I-REIN

Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'again') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take' or 'to choose'). Depending on the context, it can mean to take up, to take away, to destroy, or to kill. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death or causing destruction.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zohn

Translations: thinking, supposing, considering, believing, accustomed, observing, a thinking, a supposing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'νομίζω'. It describes someone who is currently thinking, supposing, or considering something. It can also refer to someone who is accustomed to a certain practice or observes a custom. It is often used to introduce a thought or belief held by the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G1628

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-fe-FEW-ge-nai

Translations: to escape, to flee out of, to get away

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. Therefore, ἐκφεύγω means 'to flee out of' or 'to escape from' a place or situation. It describes the action of getting away from danger or confinement.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκφεύγω is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of, from', and the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee, escape'. The root φεύγω comes from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeug-, meaning 'to flee'.

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G4234, G4238

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: PRAH-xis

Translations: action, deed, a deed, practice, doing, you may do, you may act, you may accomplish

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'action' or 'deed', referring to something done or performed. It can also be a verb, specifically the second person singular aorist active subjunctive form of 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. In its verbal form, it is often used in prohibitions or exhortations, indicating what one 'may do' or 'should do'.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine; Verb: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΟΙΗΣΙΣ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: The noun 'πρᾶξις' (praxis) comes from the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do, to act, to accomplish'. It refers to the act or process of doing.

G4572

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: seh-ahf-TOH

Translations: (to) yourself, (to) thyself

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun meaning 'yourself' or 'thyself'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'you give to yourself'. It is a compound word formed from the second person pronoun 'σύ' (you) and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτοῦ' (himself, herself, itself).

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ is a compound of the second person pronoun ΣΥ (you) and the intensive pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self). It developed from the earlier form ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ, which itself is a contraction of ΣΟΙ ΑΥΤΟΥ.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kon

Translations: evil, bad, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, an evil thing, a wrong, a misfortune, a disaster

Notes: This word describes something that is bad, evil, or harmful. It can refer to moral wickedness, physical harm, or general poor quality. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to an evil thing, a wrong, or a misfortune. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or conditions.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G1759

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-THA-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'in this place'. It is used to specify a position or direction towards the speaker or a designated location. For example, it can be used to say 'come here' or 'stand here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΝΤΑΥ͂ΘΑ

Etymology: This word is formed from the demonstrative adverb ἔνθα (entha), meaning 'there' or 'where', combined with the suffix -δε (-de), which indicates motion towards a place. Thus, it means 'to this place' or 'here'.

G1530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-eh-PEE-day-sen

Translations: leaped into, sprang into, rushed into

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to leap into' or 'to spring into'. It describes a sudden, forceful, or eager movement into a place or situation. It combines the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into', with the verb πηδάω (pēdaō), meaning 'to leap' or 'to spring'. It is often used to describe someone rushing into a building or a crowd.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word εἰσπηδάω (eispēdaō) is a compound of the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb πηδάω (pēdaō), meaning 'to leap' or 'to spring'. The verb πηδάω is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ped-, meaning 'foot'.

G1790

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-TRO-mos

Translations: trembling, terrified, afraid, a trembling one, a terrified one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is trembling or shaking due to extreme fear, terror, or awe. It indicates a state of being greatly alarmed or frightened. It can be used to describe people, animals, or even the earth itself when it shakes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΚΦΟΒΟΣ, ἘΜΦΟΒΟΣ, ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΤΡΟΜΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and ΤΡΟΜΟΣ (tromos), meaning 'trembling' or 'shaking'. Thus, it literally means 'in a state of trembling'.

G4363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EP-eh-sen

Translations: fell upon, fell down before, happened, occurred, approached, attacked

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall.' In its aorist form, it describes an action that happened at a specific point in the past. It can mean to fall upon someone or something, often in supplication or attack, or to happen or occur, especially in reference to events or news. It can also imply approaching or encountering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word προσπίπτω is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, towards, with,' and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall.' The combination signifies 'to fall towards' or 'to fall upon.'

G4254

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: proh-ah-GAH-gohn

Translations: leading forth, bringing forth, going before, bringing out, bringing forward, advancing

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro, meaning 'before' or 'forward') and the verb ἄγω (agō, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or completed, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It generally means 'leading forward,' 'bringing out,' or 'going before,' often implying movement or progression in front of something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: so-THOH

Translations: I will be saved, I will be delivered, I will be healed

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'I will be saved' or 'I will be delivered'. It is often used in the context of being rescued from danger, preserved from harm, or healed from illness. In a spiritual sense, it refers to being saved from sin and its consequences.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΩΖΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sow- meaning 'whole, healthy'. It is related to words signifying safety, health, and preservation.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G4127

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: play-GOHN

Translations: of blows, of wounds, of stripes, of plagues, of a stroke

Notes: This word refers to a blow, a stroke, a wound, or a plague. It is often used in the context of physical injuries or divine judgments. It is a compound word, but its root is a simple noun. In the provided examples, it refers to the wounds or blows received in battle.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΥΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΩΛΩΠΩΝ, ΜΑΣΤΙΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΛΗΓΗ (plēgē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₂g-, meaning 'to strike'. It is related to verbs of striking or hitting.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-GAH-gohn

Translations: leading up, bringing up, taking up, restoring, offering up

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb ἀνάγω (anago), meaning 'to lead up,' 'to bring up,' or 'to take up.' It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.' It is often used in contexts of bringing people or things out of a lower place to a higher one, or out of a state of bondage or difficulty to freedom or safety. It can also refer to offering sacrifices 'up' to God.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΝΕΓΚΩΝ, ἈΝΕΒΙΒΑΣΕΝ, ἈΝΗΓΑΓΕΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') + ἄγω (ágō, 'to lead, to bring').

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-THEE-ken

Translations: he set before, he placed before, he presented, he served, he committed, he entrusted

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'παρατίθημι' (paratithēmi). It means 'he set before' or 'he placed before', often in the context of food or objects. It can also mean 'to commit' or 'to entrust' something to someone, implying a placing alongside or depositing for safekeeping. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of setting food before someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tra-PEH-zan

Translations: table, a table, bank, a bank, money-changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often used for eating or for conducting business, such as exchanging money. It can also refer to a bank or a money-changer's stall. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ comes from the Greek prefix τετρα- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the word πέζα (peza), meaning 'foot' or 'edge'. Thus, it literally means 'four-footed', referring to a table.

G0021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-gal-lee-AH-sah-toh

Translations: rejoiced greatly, exulted, was overjoyed

Notes: This word is a verb that means to rejoice greatly, to exult, or to be overjoyed. It describes an intense feeling of joy or triumph. It is often used to express spiritual or profound happiness, as seen in contexts of divine revelation or salvation. It can be used in sentences to describe someone experiencing profound joy.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΑΊΡΩ, ΕΥ̓ΦΡΑΊΝΩ, ἈΓΆΛΛΟΜΑΙ

G3824

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-OY-kee

Translations: with all his household, with his whole house, as a whole household

Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'with all one's household' or 'as a whole household'. It is used to describe an action performed by an entire family or household collectively. For example, it might be used to say that someone rejoiced with their entire family.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every', and ΟΙΚΟΣ (OIKOS), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The ending -ΕΙ forms an adverb.

G4100

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-koss

Translations: having believed, one who has believed, trusted, faithful

Notes: This is the perfect active participle of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the one having believed'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the believer').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G4464

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rahb-DOO-khoos

Translations: lictors, constables, rod-bearers

Notes: This is a compound word, formed from 'ῥάβδος' (rhabdos), meaning 'rod' or 'staff', and 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. A ῥαβδοῦχος was an officer, particularly a Roman lictor, who carried rods (fasces) as a symbol of authority and enforced the law. They served as attendants to magistrates and were responsible for maintaining order and carrying out punishments.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ῥάβδος (rhabdos, “rod, staff”) + ἔχω (echō, “to have, to hold”).

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PANG-gei-len

Translations: he announced, he reported, he told, he declared, he brought word

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō). It means 'he announced,' 'he reported,' or 'he told.' It is used to describe the action of someone conveying a message or information to others, often with the sense of bringing news from one place to another. It is a compound word, combining the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from') with the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce' or 'to report').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΕΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report.' Thus, the word literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report from,' emphasizing the source or origin of the message.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace

Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. It is often used in contexts of spiritual peace or a peaceful relationship between individuals or nations.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.

G1194

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: day-RAN-tes

Translations: having flayed, having skinned, having beaten, having scourged

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δέρειν' (derein), meaning 'to flay,' 'to skin,' or 'to beat/scourge.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of flaying, skinning, or beating someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΜΑΣΤΙΓΟΩ, ΞΑΙΝΩ

G1219

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-mo-SEE-ah

Translations: publicly, in public, openly, a public (thing), a public (place)

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'publicly' or 'in public', indicating that an action is done openly or for everyone to see. It can also be the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δημόσιος', meaning 'public' or 'belonging to the people', describing something that is open to or concerns the community.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect), or Adjective (Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Vocative, or Accusative)

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ, ΑΝΟΙΚΤΩΣ

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-kah-TAH-kree-toos

Translations: uncondemned, not condemned

Notes: This word describes someone who has not been condemned, or who is innocent of a charge. It is used to indicate a state of being free from judgment or legal condemnation. For example, it might be used to describe a person who has not been tried or found guilty, or who is legally innocent.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΘΩΟΣ, ΑΝΑΙΤΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the adjective κατακριτός (katakritos), meaning 'condemned' or 'judged worthy of punishment'. Κατακριτός comes from the verb κατακρίνω (katakrinō), 'to condemn'.

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tas

Translations: being, existing, having, possessing, a possession, property, goods, what one has

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to be' or 'to exist'. It describes someone or something that is currently existing, being, or possessing something. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to one's possessions or property. In the provided examples, it describes people 'being' in a certain state or 'having' certain characteristics.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under') and ἄρχω (árkhō, 'to begin, to rule'). The combination suggests 'to begin under' or 'to be originally present', evolving to mean 'to exist' or 'to be in a state'.

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-BAL-loo-sin

Translations: cast out, throw out, drive out, expel, bring forth, put forth

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Therefore, it literally means 'to throw out' or 'to cast out'. It is used in various contexts to describe the act of expelling, driving out, or removing something or someone from a place. It can also refer to bringing something forth, like fruit from a tree, or putting something out, like a boat into the sea.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΞΩΘΕΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEH-ee-lan

Translations: they reported, they announced, they told, they declared, they brought back word

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb ἀγγέλλω (aggellō, 'to announce, to report'). It means to bring a message from someone or somewhere, to report, announce, or declare. It is often used when conveying news or information, especially when it's a report back to someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΛΕΓΩ

G5399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-fo-BEE-thay-san

Translations: they feared, they were afraid

Notes: This word means 'they feared' or 'they were afraid'. It describes an action of experiencing fear or being struck with terror, performed by a group of people in the past. It is often used to describe a strong emotional reaction to something awe-inspiring or dangerous.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek φόβος (phobos, “fear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰegʷ- (“to flee”).

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-AL-eh-san

Translations: they called to, they exhorted, they encouraged, they comforted, they appealed to, they pleaded with, they invited

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist active indicative, third person plural. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people. The verb 'παρακαλέω' generally means to call someone to one's side, and from that, it can take on various meanings depending on the context, such as to exhort, encourage, comfort, appeal to, or invite. It often implies a strong request or a supportive action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eks-ah-GAH-gon-tes

Translations: having led out, having brought out, having taken out, those who led out, those who brought out

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having led out' or 'those who led out'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, and the participle functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'ἄγω' (to lead, to bring).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-ROH-tohn

Translations: they were asking, they used to ask, they were questioning, they used to question, they were requesting, they used to request

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb ἐρωτάω (erōtaō), meaning 'to ask', 'to question', or 'to request'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. So, 'they were asking' or 'they used to ask' are common translations, implying a sustained action rather than a single completed one.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EL-thon

Translations: they entered, they came in, they went in

Notes: This word is the aorist form of the verb 'to enter' or 'to come in'. It describes an action of moving into a place or situation that occurred in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things performed the action of entering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move'.