Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint / Isaiah / Chapter 50Isaiah, Chapter 50
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G4169
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: POY-on
Translations: what kind of, what sort of, which, what, a certain, some
Notes: This word is an interrogative and indefinite adjective or pronoun. As an interrogative, it asks about the nature or quality of something, translating to 'what kind of' or 'which'. As an indefinite, it refers to an unspecified kind or quality, meaning 'a certain' or 'some'. It is used to inquire about or indicate the character, quality, or type of a person or thing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΠΟΙΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEEB-lee-on
Translations: book, scroll, a book, a scroll
Notes: This word refers to a book or a scroll, which was the common form of written material in ancient times. It is a diminutive of the word βίβλος (biblos), meaning 'papyrus' or 'book'. It is used to denote a written document, a record, or a volume of text. For example, one might read 'the book' or 'the scroll' of a prophet.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΟΣ, ΓΡΑΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek βίβλος (biblos, “papyrus, book”), which is thought to be of Egyptian origin, referring to the city of Byblos, a Phoenician city known for exporting papyrus.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G647
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pos-tah-SEE-oo
Translations: of divorce, of a bill of divorce, of a certificate of divorce
Notes: This word refers to the act of divorce or separation, specifically in the context of a legal document. It is often used in phrases like 'bill of divorce' or 'certificate of divorce,' indicating the formal written declaration of separation.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G3384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAY-tros
Translations: of mother, of a mother, mother's
Notes: ΜΗΤΡΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the noun ΜΗΤΗΡ, meaning 'mother'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, similar to how 'of mother' or 'mother's' is used in English. For example, 'the house of the mother' or 'the mother's house'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'mother'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G1821
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ap-os-TEH-lah
Translations: I sent out, I sent forth, I dispatched
Notes: This word means to send out, send forth, or dispatch someone or something. It implies a sending with a specific purpose or mission, often with authority. It is used to describe actions like sending apostles, messengers, or even plagues.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEEN
Translations: her, it, herself
Notes: This is a third-person personal pronoun, specifically the feminine, singular, accusative form of 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It is used to refer to a feminine noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. It can be translated as 'her' or 'it' (when referring to a feminine object), and sometimes reflexively as 'herself' or 'itself'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nee
Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which
Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
G5268
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pokh-REH-oh
Translations: indebted, under obligation, a debtor, one who owes
Notes: This word describes someone who is under obligation or indebted, either financially or morally. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person who is obligated, or as a noun referring to a debtor or someone who owes something. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and ΧΡΕΩ (CHREO), related to 'debt' or 'obligation'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΦΕΙΛΕΤΗΣ, ΕΝΟΧΟΣ
Etymology: From the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and a derivative of ΧΡΕΟΣ (CHREOS), meaning 'debt' or 'obligation'.
G4291
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pep-RAH-ka
Translations: I have sold, I sold
Notes: This is a verb in the perfect active indicative, first person singular. It means 'I have sold' or 'I sold'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results or a state resulting from a past action. It is used to describe an action of selling something that has been completed in the past.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΩΛΗΚΑ
Etymology: The word πιπράσκω (pipraskō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to give' or 'to exchange'. It is the more common verb for 'to sell' in Koine Greek.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G2400
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DOO
Translations: Behold, Look, See, Lo
Notes: ἸΔΟΥ is an interjection used to draw attention to something, often introducing a new or significant statement. It functions similarly to 'Behold!' or 'Look!' in English, signaling that what follows is important or noteworthy. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'here' or 'there'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἸΔΕ
Etymology: From the aorist imperative of the verb ὉΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-aiss
Translations: to sins, in sins, with sins, by sins
Notes: This word refers to sins or trespasses. It is used to describe actions or states that are contrary to divine law or moral principles. In a sentence, it often indicates the means, instrument, or location related to sin.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑΣΙΝ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑΙΣ
G4097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-RAH-thee-teh
Translations: you were sold, you have been sold
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'you were sold' or 'you have been sold'. It is the aorist passive indicative form, indicating an action completed in the past, where the subject (you, plural) received the action of being sold. It is often used in contexts relating to being given over or transferred for a price, or metaphorically, into a state of bondage or servitude.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΩΛΕΩ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G0458
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-no-MEE-ais
Translations: lawlessness, iniquity, unrighteousness, wickedness
Notes: This word refers to a state of being without law, or more commonly, a disregard for or violation of divine law. It signifies unrighteousness, wickedness, or iniquity, often implying a deliberate rejection of God's standards. It is used to describe actions or a general condition of sinfulness.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEE-teh-rah
Translations: mother, a mother
Notes: This word refers to a female parent. It is used in a literal sense to denote the biological mother of a child, or sometimes metaphorically to refer to the origin or source of something. It is a common noun found throughout Koine Greek texts.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'mother'. It is a very ancient word with cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEL-thon
Translations: they came, I came, he came, she came, it came
Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be used for the 1st person singular ('I came') or the 3rd person plural ('they came'), and sometimes 3rd person singular ('he/she/it came') depending on context and subject agreement.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAH-leh-sah
Translations: I called, I invited, I summoned, I named
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call', 'to invite', 'to summon', or 'to name'. It describes an action that happened in the past, specifically that 'I' performed the action of calling or inviting someone or something. It can be used in sentences like 'I called him' or 'I invited them to the feast'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G5219
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pah-koo-OHN
Translations: obeying, listening, he who obeys, one who obeys, a listener, a hearer
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, meaning 'to obey' or 'to listen to'. As a participle, it can function as a verb, an adjective, or a noun. When used as an adjective, it describes someone or something that is obeying or listening. When used as a noun, it refers to 'the one who obeys' or 'the one who listens'. It implies a readiness to hear and comply with instructions or authority.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under' or 'in response to', and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (AKOUO), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. Thus, it literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen in response to', conveying the sense of obedience or compliance.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-ee
Translations: to be strong, to be able, to prevail, to have power, to be valid, to be effective
Notes: This verb means to be strong, to have power, to be able, or to prevail. It describes the capacity or ability of a person or thing to perform an action or to withstand something. It can also refer to something being valid or effective, such as a law or an argument.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEIR
Translations: hand, a hand, power, agency, a means
Notes: This word refers to a hand, but it can also be used metaphorically to signify power, authority, or agency. It often appears in phrases like 'by the hand of' to indicate that something is done through someone's agency or power. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr- (hand).
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G4506
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: RHOO-sas-thai
Translations: to rescue, to deliver, to save, to set free
Notes: This word is an aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'ῥύομαι' (rhyomai) or 'ῥύω' (rhyo), meaning 'to draw, to drag, to pull'. In the middle voice, it takes on the meaning of 'to draw to oneself', which then evolved to 'to rescue, deliver, or save' someone or something from danger or harm. It is often used in contexts of divine intervention or protection.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΩ
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-oh
Translations: to be strong, to be able, to have power, to prevail, to be valid, to be effective
Notes: This verb means to be strong, to have power, or to be able to do something. It can also mean to prevail over something or someone, or to be effective and valid. It is often used to describe physical strength, moral power, or the ability to accomplish a task.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular (lexical form)
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ἘΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
Etymology: From ἰσχύς (ischys), meaning 'strength, might'.
G1807
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-eh-LES-thai
Translations: to deliver, to rescue, to take out, to pluck out
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb meaning to take out, to rescue, or to deliver. It is used to describe the act of removing someone or something from a dangerous, difficult, or undesirable situation. It implies an action of extraction or liberation.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word ἐξαιρέω (exaireō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Thus, it literally means 'to take out from'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1649
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-LEG-mo
Translations: (to) rebuke, (to) reproof, (to) correction, (to) conviction
Notes: This word refers to a rebuke, reproof, or correction, often implying a strong conviction or demonstration of error. It is used to describe the act of calling someone to account for their actions or beliefs, often with the aim of bringing them to a better understanding or repentance. It can also refer to the state of being convinced or convicted.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ
Etymology: The word ἔλεγμος (elegmos) comes from the verb ἐλέγχω (elenchō), meaning 'to convict, refute, expose, or reprove'. It is related to the concept of bringing something to light or demonstrating its truth or falsehood.
G1848
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-eh-ray-MOH-soh
Translations: I will lay waste, I will make desolate, I will devastate, I will destroy
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ἐξ-' (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'completely,' and the verb 'ἐρημόω' (erēmoō), meaning 'to make desolate.' Therefore, 'ἐξερημόω' means to utterly lay waste, to completely desolate, or to devastate. It is used to describe the act of rendering a place or thing empty, barren, or uninhabitable, often as a result of destruction or abandonment.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
G2281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tha-LAS-san
Translations: sea, a sea
Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the sea as a physical location or as a powerful natural force. In sentences, it often appears as the direct object of a verb, indicating something done to or with the sea.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'thalassa' is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, likely borrowed into Greek from an earlier language spoken in the Aegean region. It is not derived from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thay-SOH
Translations: I will place, I will put, I will set, I will lay, I will appoint
Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'τίθημι', meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, such as 'I will place' or 'I will set'. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of putting something down, establishing something, or appointing someone.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΗΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΘΗΣΩ
G4215
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poh-ta-MOOS
Translations: rivers
Notes: This word refers to rivers, which are large natural streams of water flowing in a channel to the sea, a lake, or another river. It is used to describe multiple bodies of flowing water.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G2048
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: eh-RAY-moos
Translations: desolate, deserted, solitary, lonely, wilderness, desert, a wilderness, a desert
Notes: This word describes something that is desolate, deserted, or solitary. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, meaning 'desolate' or 'lonely'. It can also function as a noun itself, referring to a 'wilderness' or 'deserted place'. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative plural, referring to 'desolate places' or 'deserts'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΕΡΗΜΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΡΗΜΟΣ (erēmos) comes from a pre-Greek word, possibly related to the concept of being 'empty' or 'alone'.
G3583
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: xee-ran-THEH-son-tai
Translations: they will be dried up, they will wither, they will become parched
Notes: This word is the future passive indicative form of the verb 'ξηραίνω' (xērainō), meaning 'to dry up' or 'to wither'. It describes something, typically plants or water, that will become dry or parched in the future. It can also be used metaphorically for things that lose their vitality or become unproductive.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΞΗΡΑΙΝΩ, ΜΑΡΑΙΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G2486
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ikh-THOO-ess
Translations: fish
Notes: This word refers to a fish, an aquatic vertebrate. In its plural form, as seen here, it refers to multiple fish. It is commonly used in contexts describing marine life or food.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OO-dor
Translations: water, a water
Notes: This word refers to water, the essential liquid substance. It can be used to denote drinking water, a body of water like a river or sea, or even metaphorically in a spiritual sense. It is a common noun used in various contexts where water is present or implied.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for water in many other Indo-European languages.
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-thah-NOON-tai
Translations: they will die, they will be dead
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they will die' or 'they will be dead'. It refers to the act of ceasing to live, often implying a future event. It is the future indicative form of the verb 'to die'.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G1372
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DIP-see
Translations: thirst, a thirst, (to) thirst
Notes: This word refers to the physical sensation of thirst, or a strong desire for something, often used metaphorically. It is typically used to describe a lack of water or a deep longing. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, often with the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in thirst' or 'with thirst'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΨΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΨΑ (dipsa) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be thirsty'. It is related to the verb διψάω (dipsao), meaning 'to thirst'.
G1746
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-DEW-soh
Translations: I will put on, I will clothe, I will wear
Notes: This word means to put on clothing or to be clothed with something. It can be used literally for dressing oneself or someone else, or metaphorically to describe being invested with a quality, power, or characteristic. For example, one might 'put on' righteousness or strength.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ἈΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-rah-NON
Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the physical sky above the earth, or more commonly, to the dwelling place of God and the angels, often used in a theological sense. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G4655
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKO-tos
Translations: darkness, gloom, a darkness
Notes: This word refers to darkness, either literal absence of light or metaphorical darkness, such as spiritual or moral obscurity, ignorance, or a state of wickedness. It can be used to describe a physical condition or a spiritual one.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΟΦΟΣ, ΣΚΟΤΙΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'shadow' or 'darkness'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G4526
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAK-kon
Translations: sackcloth, a sackcloth
Notes: Sackcloth was a coarse, dark cloth, often made of goat's hair, worn as a sign of mourning, repentance, or distress in ancient times. It was typically worn directly against the skin or as an outer garment. This form of the word is used when it is the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
G4018
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-boh-LAI-on
Translations: covering, a covering, mantle, a mantle, veil, a veil, cloak, a cloak, garment, a garment
Notes: This word refers to something thrown around or put on, serving as a covering. It can denote a mantle, cloak, or veil, and generally signifies any kind of covering or garment. It is often used to describe clothing or an outer covering.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΧΙΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΒΟΛΑΙΟΝ (peribolaion) is derived from the verb περιβάλλω (periballō), meaning 'to throw around, put around, clothe'. It describes something that is thrown around or put on.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DI-doh-sin
Translations: gives, he gives, she gives, it gives
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It describes the action of bestowing something upon someone or something. It is used when a subject performs the action of giving.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G1100
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GLOHS-san
Translations: tongue, a tongue, language, a language, speech, a speech, nation, a nation
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of the tongue, but it can also refer to language or speech, as in a specific dialect or the act of speaking. In some contexts, it can even refer to a people group or nation, especially when referring to their distinct language. It is used in sentences to describe the physical tongue, the act of speaking, or a group of people defined by their shared language.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ
G3808, G3809
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pahee-DEE-as
Translations: (of) play, (of) sport, (of) childishness, (of) discipline, (of) instruction, (of) training, (of) chastisement
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of either 'παιδιά' (paidia) or 'παιδεία' (paideia). 'Παιδιά' refers to play, sport, or childishness. 'Παιδεία' refers to the upbringing, training, instruction, or discipline of children, which can also extend to chastisement or correction. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΙΓΝΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΠΛΗΞΙΣ, ΝΟΥΘΕΣΙΑ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gno-NAI
Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to learn, to recognize
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It expresses the action of knowing or coming to know in a general sense, without specifying the time of the action. It is often used as the object of another verb or as a complement to an adjective, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to be able to know' or 'for the purpose of knowing'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G2259
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: HAY-nee-kah
Translations: when, at which time, as soon as
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, meaning 'when' or 'at which time'. It is used to introduce a temporal clause, specifying the moment an action occurs. It can also convey the sense of 'as soon as' or 'whenever'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and 'nika' (at what time). It combines these elements to form an adverb indicating a specific point in time.
G1163
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Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb
Sounds like: DEH-ee
Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.
Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PINE
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive verb meaning 'to say', 'to speak', or 'to tell'. It is used to express the action of speaking or communicating something, often in a general sense without specifying the subject or object of the action. It can be used in various constructions, such as after verbs of commanding or desiring, or to express purpose.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΝ, ΛΑΛΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ
Etymology: ΕἸΠΕΙΝ is the aorist infinitive of the verb ΕἸΠΩ, which is a suppletive aorist form used with the present tense verbs ΛΕΓΩ and ΦΗΜΙ. Its origin traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to speaking or declaring.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-THEE-ken
Translations: he placed, he put, he laid, he set
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he placed,' 'he put,' 'he laid,' or 'he set.' It describes the action of someone physically putting an object or person in a particular location or position. It is often used in narratives to describe a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative Active
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ
G4404
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: PRO-ee
Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning
Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)
Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-eth-EE-ken
Translations: he added, he put to, he increased, he continued
Notes: This verb means 'to add to,' 'to put to,' 'to increase,' or 'to continue.' It describes the action of joining one thing to another, making something larger or more numerous, or resuming an action. It is often used to indicate an action that follows or builds upon a previous one.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΘΗΚΕ, ΠΡΟΣΕΘΕΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΕΘΗΚΑΝ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place.'
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-tee-on
Translations: ear, a little ear, a small ear
Notes: This word is a diminutive noun meaning 'a little ear' or 'a small ear'. It refers to the organ of hearing. In a figurative sense, it can refer to the act of hearing or paying attention, as in 'to open one's ear' meaning to reveal or disclose something.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓Σ
Etymology: The word ὨΤΙΟΝ (ōtion) is a diminutive of the Greek noun ΟΥ̓Σ (ous), meaning 'ear'. The suffix -ιον (-ion) is used to form diminutives.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-ayn
Translations: to hear, to listen, to obey, to understand
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It can also carry the sense of 'to obey' when used in the context of listening to a command or instruction. It is often used to describe the act of perceiving sound or receiving information through the ears.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'.
G3816, G3809
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pai-DEE-ah
Translations: children, a child, discipline, instruction, training, correction, punishment, play, childishness
Notes: This word is a compound form that can refer to several related concepts. It can be the nominative/accusative plural of 'παιδίον' (paidion), meaning 'children' or 'little children'. It can also be the nominative singular of 'παιδεία' (paideia), which refers to the upbringing, training, or instruction of children, often implying discipline or correction. In some contexts, it can also refer to 'play' or 'childishness'. The specific meaning depends on the grammatical context and surrounding words.
Inflection: Neuter Plural (children), Feminine Singular Nominative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Accusative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Genitive (discipline/play)
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΝΗΠΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G0455
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NOY-ghee
Translations: opens, he opens, she opens, it opens
Notes: This word means 'to open' and is used to describe the action of making something accessible or revealing something. It can refer to opening a door, a book, or even one's mouth. It is often used in the sense of beginning or initiating something.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΟΙΓΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, intensive prefix) and οἴγνυμι (oígnymi, to open).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-tah
Translations: ears, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. In Koine Greek, it is commonly used in both literal and figurative senses, such as 'ears to hear' (meaning to understand or pay attention). ὨΤΑ is the plural form of the noun.
Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Neuter
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G0543
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pei-THOH
Translations: disobey, be disobedient, refuse to believe, be unbelieving
Notes: This verb means to disobey, to be disobedient, or to refuse to believe. It implies a lack of persuasion or a deliberate refusal to comply with authority or truth. It can be used to describe someone who is rebellious or unpersuaded by a message or command.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΠΙΣΤΕΩ, ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ
Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the verb πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it literally means 'not to be persuaded' or 'not to obey'.
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G0483
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tee-LEH-goh
Translations: speak against, contradict, gainsay, oppose, refuse
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἈΝΤΙ (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Therefore, it literally means 'to speak against'. It is used to describe the act of contradicting, gainsaying, or opposing someone or something through words. It can also imply a refusal or resistance.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΤΆΣΣΩ, ἈΝΘΊΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΠΕΙΘΈΩ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek preposition ἈΝΤΙ (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-ton
Translations: back, a back
Notes: This word refers to the back of a body, whether human or animal. It can be used literally to describe the physical back, or metaphorically to indicate turning away from something, as in 'turning one's back' on a command or person, implying disobedience or rejection.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΡΑΧΙΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *sneh₁- meaning 'to spin, to twist', possibly referring to the spine.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-kah
Translations: I gave, I have given
Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb "didomi," meaning "to give." It describes a completed action of giving that occurred in the past. It is used when the speaker is the one who performed the action of giving.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3148
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mas-TEE-gas
Translations: scourges, whips, plagues, diseases, of scourges, of whips, of plagues, of diseases, to scourges, to whips, to plagues, to diseases
Notes: This word refers to a whip, scourge, or lash, used for punishment or affliction. It can also metaphorically refer to a plague, disease, or any severe affliction. It is often used in contexts describing physical punishment or divine judgment.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΗ, ΜΑΣΤΙΓΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΣΤΙΞ (mastix) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to beat' or 'to strike'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G4600
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: see-ah-GOH-nas
Translations: jaws, cheeks
Notes: This word refers to the jaw or cheek, specifically the side of the face. In its plural form, it refers to multiple jaws or cheeks. It is often used in contexts describing physical actions or features related to the face.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is believed to be pre-Greek or of unknown etymology.
G4474
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: rah-PIS-mah-tah
Translations: blows, slaps, cuffs
Notes: This word refers to a physical blow, typically a slap or a cuff, often delivered to the face. It describes an act of striking someone with the hand, usually as a form of insult or punishment. It is used in contexts describing physical abuse or mistreatment.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΦΟΙ, ΠΛΗΓΑΙ
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OH-pon
Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance
Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-STREP-sah
Translations: turned back, turned away, returned, turned aside, averted, caused to return
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to turn back, turn away, or return. It can be used transitively, meaning to cause something or someone to turn back or away, or intransitively, meaning to turn oneself back or away. It often implies a change of direction or a cessation of a previous course of action.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ἈΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ
G0152
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-SKHOO-nays
Translations: of shame, of disgrace, of dishonor, of confusion
Notes: This word refers to the feeling of shame, disgrace, or dishonor. It can also denote the state of being put to confusion or humiliation. It is often used to describe the negative emotional or social consequence of wrongdoing or failure.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΟΠΗ, ΑΤΙΜΙΑ
Etymology: The word Αἰσχύνη (aischynē) comes from the verb αἰσχύνω (aischynō), meaning 'to shame, to disgrace'. It is related to αἶσχος (aischos), meaning 'shame, disgrace'.
G1795
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: emp-TY-sma-ton
Translations: of spittings, of spittle
Notes: This word refers to spittle or the act of spitting. It is typically used to describe an act of contempt or insult, as spitting on someone was considered a grave offense. In the provided context, it likely refers to the spittle or acts of spitting endured by someone as a form of abuse or humiliation.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΤΥΕΛΟΝ, ΠΤΥΣΜΑ
G0998
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boh-ee-THOS
Translations: helper, a helper, assistant, aid
Notes: This word refers to someone who provides help or assistance. It can be used to describe a person who comes to the aid of another, or a divine being who offers support and deliverance. It is often used in a context of providing relief or succor in times of need.
Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΟΣ, ΑΡΩΓΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΒΟΗΘΟΣ (boēthos) is derived from the verb βοήθειν (boēthein), meaning 'to come to aid, to help'. This verb itself is a compound of βοή (boē), meaning 'a cry, a shout' (especially a cry for help), and θέω (theō), meaning 'to run'. Thus, it literally means 'one who runs to a cry for help'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay
Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G1791
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-e-TRAH-peen
Translations: I was ashamed, I was put to shame, I was confounded, I was abashed, I was reverent, I was respectful
Notes: This word describes the state of being ashamed, confounded, or put to shame. It can also convey a sense of reverence or respect, implying a feeling of awe that leads to a humble or abashed demeanor. It is often used in contexts where one feels a sense of disgrace or embarrassment, or when one shows deference to another.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑἸΣΧΎΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΎΝΟΜΑΙ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-THEE-kah
Translations: I placed, I put, I laid, I set
Notes: This is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi). It describes a completed action in the past, specifically 'I placed' or 'I put'. It is used to indicate the act of setting something down, establishing, or appointing.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ
G4731
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: steh-reh-AHN
Translations: firm, solid, stable, strong, a firm, a solid, a stable, a strong
Notes: This word describes something that is firm, solid, or stable. It can refer to physical objects that are hard and unyielding, or metaphorically to something that is steadfast, unshakeable, or strong in character or belief. It is often used to describe a foundation or a rock.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ
G4073
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-tran
Translations: rock, a rock, stone, a stone
Notes: This word refers to a large mass of stone, a rock, or a cliff. It is often used to denote a solid foundation or a place of refuge. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to a physical rock or rocky place.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΙΘΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-NOHN
Translations: I knew, I recognized, I understood, I learned
Notes: ἘΓΝΩΝ is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb γινώσκω. It signifies a completed action in the past, meaning 'I knew', 'I recognized', 'I understood', or 'I learned'. This form often implies an experiential or personal knowledge gained at a specific point in time.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G0153
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahee-SKHOON-thoh
Translations: to be ashamed, to feel shame, to be put to shame
Notes: This verb means to feel shame, to be ashamed, or to be put to shame. It often implies a sense of disgrace or humiliation. It can be used in contexts where someone is embarrassed or feels dishonored.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΝΤΡΈΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑἸΣΧΎΝΩ
G1448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-GIZ-ei
Translations: draw near, approach, come near, be at hand
Notes: This verb means to draw near, approach, or come close to something or someone. It can refer to physical proximity, or to a temporal nearness, indicating that an event is about to happen or is at hand. It is often used to describe the approach of a person, a place, or a specific time or event.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ
G1344
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-OH-sas
Translations: having justified, having declared righteous, having acquitted
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action that was completed in the past by the subject. It means 'having justified' or 'having declared righteous'. It describes someone who has performed the act of justifying or making righteous.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΑΣ, ΑΦΕΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΩ (dikaioō) comes from the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It signifies the act of making someone righteous or declaring them to be so.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G2919
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kree-NOH-meh-nos
Translations: being judged, being decided, being contended with, being separated, being distinguished
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'κρίνω' (krino). It describes an action that is currently happening to the subject, indicating that the subject is undergoing judgment, decision, or separation by an external force or by themselves. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of an action.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The verb κρίνω (krino) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to separate' or 'to distinguish'. Over time, its meaning evolved to include 'to judge' or 'to decide', implying a process of distinguishing between right and wrong, or making a determination.
G0436
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-TIS-tay-toh
Translations: let him resist, let him oppose, let him stand against
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Therefore, it literally means 'to stand against'. It is used to command or urge someone to resist, oppose, or stand firm against something or someone.
Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ
G0260
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: AH-mah
Translations: at the same time, together, with, at once, simultaneously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'at the same time' or 'together'. It emphasizes simultaneity or togetherness of actions or people. It can also function as an improper preposition, taking the dative case, to mean 'together with' or 'with'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΥ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying 'together' or 'at the same time' in various Indo-European languages.
G1448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-GHEE-sah-toh
Translations: let it approach, let it come near, let it draw near
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to approach,' 'to come near,' or 'to draw near.' It is often used to describe something or someone moving closer in space or time. For example, it can refer to a person approaching another, or a specific time (like the end of an age) drawing near. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (en, in) and the adjective 'ἐγγύς' (engys, near).
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ΕΓΓΙΖΩ is derived from the adjective ΕΓΓΥΣ (engys), meaning 'near' or 'at hand.' It is formed with the prefix ἐν- (en-), indicating 'in' or 'at,' combined with the root of the adjective.
G0997
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: boh-ay-THEH-see
Translations: will help, will aid, will assist
Notes: This word means 'to help' or 'to aid'. It is used to describe the act of providing assistance or support to someone or something. In this form, it indicates an action that will happen in the future, performed by a single person or entity.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΕΩ
G2559
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-KOH-see
Translations: will harm, will afflict, will mistreat, will do evil to, will injure
Notes: This word describes the act of causing harm, affliction, or mistreatment to someone or something. It can refer to physical injury, emotional distress, or general ill-treatment. It is often used in contexts where one person or group inflicts suffering upon another.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΩ, ΠΟΝΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ
Etymology: From ΚΑΚΟΣ (KAKOS), meaning 'bad, evil'. The verb means to make bad or to treat badly.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MACE
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (referring to multiple people). It is used when the 'you' is the subject of the sentence, performing the action of the verb.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'vos' and English 'you'.
G2440
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-on
Translations: garment, a garment, cloak, a cloak, clothes, clothing
Notes: This word refers to an outer garment or cloak, which was a common piece of clothing in ancient times. It could also refer to clothing in general. It is often used in the context of someone wearing or taking off an article of clothing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΙΤΩΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΣΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάτιον (híma), meaning 'garment' or 'clothing'. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', suggesting something thrown over or put on.
G3822
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-lai-oh-THEH-seh-stheh
Translations: you will grow old, you will become old, you will wear out, you will decay
Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to grow old," "to become old," "to wear out," or "to decay." It is used to describe something or someone that will experience the process of aging or deterioration. For example, it can refer to clothes wearing out or people growing old.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΗΡΑΣΚΩ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ
G4597
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAYS
Translations: moth, a moth
Notes: This word refers to a moth, specifically a clothes moth or a similar insect that consumes fabric. It is often used metaphorically to describe something that causes decay, destruction, or ruin, similar to how moths destroy garments. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word "σής" (sēs) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning "to eat" or "to gnaw."
G2719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-fah-GEH-tai
Translations: will devour, will consume, will eat up
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. Together, it means to eat down, consume entirely, or devour. It is used to describe a complete and destructive consumption, often by fire, a sword, or an enemy.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The verb κατεσθίω (katesthiō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. The root ἐσθίω comes from an older form ἔδω (edō), which is related to the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to eat'.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G5399
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: foh-BOO-meh-nos
Translations: fearing, being afraid, revering, respecting, one who fears, he who fears
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΦΟΒΕΩ, meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. In a religious context, it can also mean 'to revere' or 'to respect God'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the state of fearing or revering, or describing an action done while fearing. It can be translated as 'fearing' or 'one who fears'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΛΙΑΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-on
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner
Notes: This word means 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' It is frequently used in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or to a human master or owner. As an accusative singular form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating 'the Lord' or 'a Lord' as the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G5219
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pah-KOO-sah-toh
Translations: let him obey, let him listen, let him hearken
Notes: This word means to obey, listen, or hearken to someone or something. It implies giving attention and submitting to authority or instruction. It is often used in contexts of following commands or responding to a call.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PHOH-nays
Translations: (of) voice, (of) sound, (of) noise
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun ΦΩΝΗ (phōnē), meaning 'voice,' 'sound,' or 'noise.' It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of a voice,' 'of a sound,' or 'of a noise.' For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the sound of thunder' or 'the voice of the Lord.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAI-doss
Translations: of a child, of a boy, of a servant, of a son
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΠΑΙΣ' (pais). It refers to a child, a boy, a servant, or a son. As a genitive case, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For example, 'the house of the servant' or 'the father of the child'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΥ, ΥΙΟΥ, ΔΟΥΛΟΥ
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: por-YOO-meh-noy
Translations: going, walking, traveling, journeying, those who are going, those who are walking
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an ongoing action of movement. It can be used to refer to individuals who are in the process of moving from one place to another, often implying a journey or a specific direction. For example, it might describe 'those who are going' or 'people who are walking'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G4655
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKO-teh-ee
Translations: (to) darkness, (to) a darkness, (to) gloom, (to) a gloom
Notes: This word refers to darkness or gloom. It is an inflected form of the noun 'σκότος' (skotos), meaning 'darkness'. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient or location of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'in' (when preceded by 'ἐν'). It is commonly used to describe a lack of light, but can also refer to spiritual or moral darkness.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΖΟΦΟΣ, ΑΧΛΥΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G5457
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOHSS
Translations: light, a light, fire
Notes: This word refers to light, whether literal illumination, or metaphorically, as in truth, knowledge, or spiritual enlightenment. It can also refer to a source of light, like a lamp or a star, or even fire. It is often used in contrast to darkness.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΦΕΓΓΟΣ, ΛΥΧΝΟΣ, ΠΥΡ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to shine' or 'to be bright'.
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-POY-thah-teh
Translations: you have trusted, you have been persuaded, you have relied, you have obeyed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to trust, be persuaded, or rely upon. It is often used in the perfect tense to indicate a state of having been persuaded or having placed one's trust in something or someone. It can be used in a sentence to express confidence or reliance, such as 'you have trusted in God' or 'you have been persuaded by the words'.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-tee
Translations: (to) name, (to) a name, (to) reputation, (to) authority
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ὈΝΟΜΑ' (onoma), meaning 'name'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' in English, or simply by the context. It can refer to a person's name, their reputation, or their authority.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ
G4980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tee-stee-REE-sas-the
Translations: resist, stand firm against, oppose
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb στηρίζω (stērizō), meaning 'to make firm, establish, support'. Together, it means to stand firmly against something or someone, to resist, or to oppose. It is used to command or exhort a group of people to take a firm stand.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative Mood, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΝΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἈΝΤΙΤἈΣΣΩ, ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oh
Translations: (to) God, (for) God, a God
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It refers to the supreme being in a monotheistic context, or to a deity in a polytheistic context. When used in the dative case, it typically indicates the recipient of an action or the one for whom something is done, hence 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poor
Translations: fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to the element of fire. It is commonly used in a literal sense to denote burning, heat, or light. Metaphorically, it can represent divine judgment, purification, testing, or the presence of God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word with cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G2545
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KAH-yeh-teh
Translations: you burn, you kindle, you light, you set on fire
Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to burn," "to kindle," or "to set on fire." It is used to describe the act of causing something to be consumed by fire or to ignite a flame. For example, one might say "you burn the wood" or "you kindle a lamp."
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΥΡΦΟΡΕΩ, ΕΚΚΑΙΩ, ΑΝΑΠΤΩ
G2729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kat-is-KHOO-eh-teh
Translations: you prevail, you overcome, you are strong, you are mighty, you are able
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἰσχύω (ischyō, meaning 'to be strong' or 'to be able'). It means to prevail, to overcome, or to be strong against something or someone. It implies a successful exertion of power or strength, often in a contest or struggle. It can be used in contexts where one person or force gains the upper hand over another.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΝΙΚΑΩ
G5395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PHLOG-ah
Translations: flame, a flame, blaze, a blaze
Notes: This word refers to a flame or blaze, the visible gaseous part of a fire. It is often used to describe intense heat or light produced by burning material. It can be used in contexts describing literal fire, or metaphorically for intense passion or destruction.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΥΡ, ΑΙΘΑΛΗ
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: por-YOO-es-theh
Translations: go, walk, travel, proceed, depart, you go, you walk, you travel
Notes: This word means to go, walk, travel, or proceed. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command, such as 'Go!' or 'You go!'. It can also describe the act of departing or moving from one place to another. In the provided examples, it is used as a command to 'go' or 'enter'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Imperative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G5457
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PHOH-tee
Translations: to light, to a light, to a lamp, to fire, to a fire, to a torch, to a torchlight, to a day, to a daylight, to a daybreak, to a morning, to a dawn, to a revelation, to a manifestation, to a truth, to a knowledge, to a understanding, to a spiritual illumination
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'φῶς' (phōs), meaning 'light'. It refers to physical light, such as from the sun, a lamp, or fire, but can also metaphorically refer to spiritual or intellectual light, such as revelation, truth, or understanding. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or indicating the means 'by' or 'with'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΥΧΝΩ, ΠΥΡΙ
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-ros
Translations: of fire, fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G5395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FLO-ghee
Translations: to flame, to fire, to blaze, to burning, to a flame, to a fire, to a blaze, to a burning
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'φλόξ' (phlox), meaning 'flame' or 'fire'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or indicating the instrument or means by which something is done. For example, it could mean 'by fire' or 'with a flame'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΥΡ, ΦΩΣ
G1572
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-eh-KOW-sah-teh
Translations: you burned, you have burned, you set on fire, you have set on fire
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to burn out', 'to set on fire', or 'to inflame'. It is often used to describe the act of causing something to burn completely or intensely. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'καίω' (kaiō), meaning 'to burn'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΩ, ΑΝΑΠΤΩ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the first-person pronoun, meaning 'me'. It is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions that take the accusative case, indicating the recipient of an action or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3077
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOO-pay
Translations: sorrow, grief, pain, sadness, a sorrow, a grief, a pain, a sadness
Notes: This word refers to a state of emotional distress, sadness, or grief. It can also denote physical pain or affliction. It is commonly used to describe deep emotional suffering or sorrow caused by loss, disappointment, or adverse circumstances.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΣΤΕΝΑΓΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the root λύπη (lupē), meaning 'pain, grief'. It is related to the verb λύω (luō), 'to loosen, release', possibly implying a loosening or breaking of the spirit.
G2837
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koy-may-THEH-ses-theh
Translations: you will sleep, you will fall asleep, you will die
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. In a broader sense, it can also refer to 'dying' or 'resting in death', often used euphemistically for death. It is used to describe a future action of sleeping or dying.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΩ, ΚΑΘΕΥΔΩ
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