Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint / Isaiah / Chapter 1
Isaiah, Chapter 1
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G3705
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-rah-sis
Translations: vision, a vision, sight, an appearance
Notes: This word refers to the act or faculty of seeing, or something that is seen. It can denote a supernatural or prophetic vision, a divine revelation, or simply the outward appearance of something. It is used to describe both the physical act of sight and the spiritual experience of receiving a vision.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΘΕΑ
Etymology: From the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-den
Translations: he saw, she saw, it saw, he had seen, she had seen, it had seen
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to see'. It describes an action of seeing that occurred in the past, typically as a completed or simple event, without emphasis on its duration. It can be used in sentences like 'He saw the light' or 'She saw the truth'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΟΠΤΟΜΑΙ
G2478
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-SAH-ee-as
Translations: Isaiah
Notes: This is the name of the Old Testament prophet Isaiah. It is a masculine proper noun and is used to refer to the individual prophet himself. In the provided examples, it functions as the subject of sentences, indicating that Isaiah is performing an action or being referred to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Yesha'yahu, meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Salvation of the Lord'.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G0284
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-MOHS
Translations: Amos
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Hebrew prophet Amos, whose book is part of the Old Testament. He was a shepherd and a fig-dresser from Tekoa in Judah, called by God to prophesy against the northern kingdom of Israel during the reign of Jeroboam II.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Amos (עָמוֹס), meaning 'burden' or 'burden-bearer'.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2449
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-as
Translations: of Judea
Notes: This word refers to Judea, a historical region in the Southern Levant. In ancient times, it was the name of the mountainous southern part of the Kingdom of Judah, and later a Roman province. It is often used to specify the origin or location of something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2419
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sah-LEEM
Translations: Jerusalem
Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is used to refer to the geographical location and often carries spiritual or symbolic meaning. It functions as a direct object or the object of a preposition in sentences, indicating location or destination.
Inflection: Often indeclinable
Etymology: From Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim), meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah
Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.
G3604
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: oh-ZEH-ee-oo
Translations: of Uzziah
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Uzziah, who was a king of Judah. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Uzziah' or 'Uzziah's'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew עֻזִּיָּה (ʿUzzīyāh), meaning 'my strength is Yah' or 'Yahweh is my strength'.
G2498
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-THA-ma
Translations: Jotham, of Jotham
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Jotham, who was a king of Judah, the son of Uzziah. It is also the name of other individuals in the Old Testament. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jotham'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew יֹותָם (Yowtham), meaning 'Yahweh is perfect' or 'Yahweh is complete'.
G0004
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AH-khas
Translations: Ahaz
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Ahaz, a king of Judah. It is used as a personal name in biblical texts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew אָחָז ('achaz), meaning 'he has grasped' or 'possessor'.
G2420
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-zeh-KEE-oo
Translations: of Hezekiah
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Hezekiah, a king of Judah. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Hezekiah' or 'from Hezekiah'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G0936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-bah-see-LEH-oo-san
Translations: they reigned, they ruled, they became king
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to reign' or 'to rule as a king'. It describes the action of exercising royal authority or holding a position of power. It is often used in the past tense to indicate that a group of people held power or ruled over a kingdom or people.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-eh
Translations: Hear!, Listen!, Obey!
Notes: This word means to hear, to listen, or to give attention to. It can also imply understanding or obeying what is heard. As an imperative, it is a command to a single person to perform the action of hearing or listening.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΕ
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-RAH-neh
Translations: heaven, sky
Notes: This word refers to the sky or the heavens. It is often used in a singular sense to denote the physical expanse above the earth, or in a plural sense to refer to the dwelling place of God and the angels. In the provided examples, it is used in the vocative case, addressing the heavens directly.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G1795
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-noh-TEE-zoh
Translations: listen, give ear, pay attention, hear
Notes: This verb means to listen attentively or to give ear to something. It implies a focused act of hearing, often with the sense of taking something into one's ears. It is used as an imperative to command someone to listen.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
Etymology: From the prefix ἐν (en, 'in') and the noun οὖς (ous, 'ear'), literally meaning 'to put into the ear' or 'to give ear to'.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAY
Translations: earth, land, ground, country, a land, the earth
Notes: This word refers to the physical ground, the planet Earth, or a specific territory or country. It is often used to distinguish land from the sea or sky, or to denote a particular region or nation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΑΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the earth as a flat, solid surface, distinct from the heavens or the sea.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LAH-lay-sen
Translations: he spoke, she spoke, it spoke, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that someone (he, she, or it) performed the act of speaking or saying something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Hwee-OOS
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to children or descendants. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the 'sons' are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
G1080
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEN-nay-sah
Translations: I begot, I bore, I gave birth to, I produced
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to beget,' 'to give birth to,' or 'to produce.' It describes the act of bringing something or someone into existence. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past, often referring to the act of procreation or creation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΩ, ΦΥΩ
Etymology: The word γεννάω (gennaō) comes from the Greek word γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, kin,' which is related to the idea of origin or birth.
G5312
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: y-PSO-sa
Translations: I lifted up, I exalted, I raised, I elevated
Notes: This word means to lift up, raise, or exalt something or someone. It can refer to physical elevation or to a metaphorical raising in status or honor. In this form, it describes an action completed in the past by the speaker.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΕΠΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOY
Translations: they, them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun that can function in several ways. It can be used as an intensive pronoun meaning 'self' or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. It can also serve as a simple third-person pronoun meaning 'he, she, it, they' or 'him, her, it, them'. When used with the article, it often functions as an adjective meaning 'the same'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G0114
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-the-TE-san
Translations: they rejected, they set aside, they nullified, they despised, they made void
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἀθετέω' (atheteō). It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, meaning they rejected, nullified, or set something aside. It implies a strong act of disregard or repudiation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-NOH
Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It describes an action of knowing or recognizing that occurred in the past, often implying a completed or definite act of gaining knowledge or understanding. It can be used in sentences like 'he knew' or 'she recognized'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G1016
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BOOS
Translations: ox, an ox, cow, a cow, cattle
Notes: This word refers to a bovine animal, specifically an ox or a cow. It can be used to refer to a single animal or collectively to cattle. It is often found in contexts related to agriculture, sacrifice, or livestock.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΟΣΧΟΣ, ΤΑΥΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws, meaning 'ox, cow'. It is related to Latin bōs and English 'cow'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2932
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ktay-SAH-meh-non
Translations: one who has acquired, one who has obtained, one who has possessed, the owner, a possessor, the one who bought, the one who purchased
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to acquire' or 'to possess'. It describes someone who has gained possession of something or who owns something. It functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating the person who has performed the action of acquiring or who is in a state of possession.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ
G3688
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NOS
Translations: donkey, an ass, an ass
Notes: This word refers to a donkey or an ass. It is commonly used in ancient texts to denote the animal, often as a beast of burden or for transportation. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly of Semitic origin. It is related to the Latin 'asinus' and English 'ass'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G5336
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FAHT-nayn
Translations: manger, a manger, crib, a crib, stall, a stall
Notes: This word refers to a feeding trough for animals, often found in a stable or barn. It is used to hold fodder for livestock. In the provided context, it refers to the place where an ox or donkey would eat.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΦΑΤΝΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to eat' or 'to feed'. It refers to a feeding trough for animals.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G2474
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL
Translations: Israel
Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-os
Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation
Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often implying a distinct group or community. It is commonly used to refer to the people of God, or a specific population within a region. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to words meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G4920
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EE-ken
Translations: understood, perceived, comprehended, discerned
Notes: This word means to understand, comprehend, or perceive, often implying a mental process of putting things together or grasping the meaning of something. It is used to describe someone who has gained insight or knowledge. It can also mean to discern or be wise.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G3759
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Part of Speech: Interjection
Sounds like: OO-ah-ee
Translations: Woe, alas
Notes: This word is an exclamation used to express lament, grief, or warning. It is often translated as 'woe' or 'alas' and can be used to pronounce a curse or a solemn warning of impending disaster or judgment. It is typically followed by the person or thing to whom the 'woe' is directed, often in the dative case or introduced by a preposition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word 'οὐαι' is of imitative origin, mimicking a cry of lamentation. It is found in various forms across different languages, suggesting a common, ancient root for such an exclamation.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nos
Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile
Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.
G0268
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ah-mar-TOH-lon
Translations: sinner, a sinner, sinful, wicked, ungodly
Notes: This word refers to a person who commits sin or is characterized by sin. It can be used as a noun to describe a 'sinner' or as an adjective to describe something as 'sinful' or 'wicked'. It is often used in a moral or religious context to denote someone who deviates from divine or moral law.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ, ΠΑΡΑΝΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΜΑΡΤΩΛΟΣ is derived from the verb ἀμαρτάνω (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin'. The suffix -ωλος indicates a person characterized by or prone to the action of the verb.
G4134
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PLAY-rays
Translations: full, complete, filled, a full
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'full' or 'complete'. It describes something that is filled to capacity or lacking nothing. It can be used to describe a container that is full, a person who is full of a certain quality (like grace or wisdom), or a time that is complete.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΜΩΝ, ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΛΗΡΗΣ (plērēs) comes from the verb πίμπλημι (pimplēmi), meaning 'to fill'. It describes the state of being filled or complete.
G266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN
Translations: of sins, of a sin
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.
G4690
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SPER-mah
Translations: seed, a seed, offspring, descendants, children, posterity
Notes: This word refers to 'seed' in a literal sense, like the seed from which a plant grows. It is also commonly used metaphorically to mean 'offspring' or 'descendants', referring to a lineage or posterity. It can be used in contexts like 'the seed of Abraham' to mean Abraham's descendants.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ
Etymology: The word 'σπέρμα' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sper- meaning 'to strew, sow'. It is related to the verb 'σπείρω' (speirō), meaning 'to sow'.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-nee-RON
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, a wicked thing, an evil thing
Notes: This word describes something as evil, wicked, or bad. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can function as a noun itself, referring to an evil or wicked thing. It often implies something that is morally corrupt, harmful, or causing distress.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, distress, pain', suggesting something that causes pain or is the result of painful effort, thus leading to the meaning of 'evil' or 'wicked'.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OY
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to descendants or followers. It is the plural form of 'son' and is commonly used to denote a group of male individuals related by birth or by a shared characteristic, such as 'sons of Israel' or 'sons of God'. It can also be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
G0459
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-NO-moy
Translations: lawless, unlawful, wicked, transgressors, lawless ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without law, or that violates the law. It can refer to people who are lawless or wicked, or to actions that are unlawful. It is often used to describe those who disregard God's law or moral principles.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ἈΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ἈΔΙΚΟΙ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΙ
G1459
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-kah-teh-LIH-pah-teh
Translations: you abandoned, you forsook, you left behind
Notes: This word means to abandon, forsake, or leave behind. It implies desertion, neglect, or giving up on someone or something. It is used to describe the act of leaving a person, place, or thing, often with a sense of finality or neglect.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-on
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner
Notes: This word means 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' It is frequently used in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or to a human master or owner. As an accusative singular form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating 'the Lord' or 'a Lord' as the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
G3949
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-OR-gee-SAH-teh
Translations: you provoked to wrath, you angered, you exasperated
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to provoke to wrath, to anger, or to exasperate'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, by, from', and the verb 'ὀργίζω' (orgizō), meaning 'to make angry'. It describes the action of causing someone to become angry or greatly annoyed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΩ, ΘΥΜΟΩ
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-gee-on
Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'
Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TEE
Translations: still, yet, further, more
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating continuation in time or degree. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something that is ongoing or has not happened yet. It can also mean 'further' or 'more' when adding to something or indicating an additional quantity or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ, ἘΤΙΔΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti 'beyond, further'. It is related to Latin et 'and, also'.
G4141
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: play-GAY-teh
Translations: you are struck, you are smitten, you are wounded, you are beaten
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be struck, smitten, or wounded'. It describes the action of receiving a blow or injury. It is used to indicate that someone is being physically harmed or afflicted.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΕΣΘΕ, ΚΟΠΤΕΣΘΕ
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-TITH-en-tes
Translations: adding, putting to, giving in addition, increasing, continuing, doing further
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'adding' or 'putting to'. It describes an action that is ongoing or continuous. It is often used to indicate doing something in addition to what has already been done, or continuing an action. For example, it can mean 'adding sin to sin' or 'continuing to do something'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΘΕΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G0458
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-no-MEE-ahn
Translations: lawlessness, iniquity, a lawlessness, an iniquity, transgression, a transgression
Notes: This word refers to a state of being without law, or a violation of law. It often implies moral transgression, wickedness, or a disregard for divine or human laws. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating the thing that is being done or committed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνομία (anomía, “lawlessness”), from ἄνομος (ánomos, “lawless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + νόμος (nómos, “law”).
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sah
Translations: all, every, a whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and must agree with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LEE
Translations: head, a head, chief, ruler, source, summit
Notes: This word primarily refers to the physical head of a body. Metaphorically, it can signify a person in authority or a leader, the origin or source of something, or the culmination or summit of a thing. It is used in various contexts to denote both literal and figurative meanings.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗΓΟΣ, ΚΟΡΥΦΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'head'. It is related to words for 'head' in other Indo-European languages.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G4192
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-non
Translations: toil, labor, pain, suffering, distress, a toil, a labor, a pain, a suffering, a distress
Notes: This word refers to physical or mental exertion, hard work, or the resulting pain, suffering, or distress. It can describe the effort put into a task or the discomfort experienced from it. It is often used in contexts describing hardship or affliction.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ
Etymology: From the root *pen-, meaning 'to toil, labor'.
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-ah
Translations: heart, a heart, mind, inner self, center
Notes: This word refers to the physical organ, the heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the inner person, the seat of thoughts, emotions, will, and moral character. It can represent the mind, soul, or the core of one's being. It is often used metaphorically to describe the center of something, like the 'heart of the sea'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'heart'.
G3077
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LY-peen
Translations: sorrow, grief, pain, distress, a sorrow, a grief, a pain, a distress
Notes: This word refers to a feeling of deep distress, sadness, or pain, whether emotional or sometimes physical. It is used to describe sorrow, grief, or affliction, often indicating a state of emotional suffering. It can be used in contexts describing the experience of profound sadness or the cause of such sadness.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΠΕΝΘΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be sick, to suffer'.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G4228
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-DOHN
Translations: of feet
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'foot'. It refers to the lower extremity of the leg, used for standing and walking. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin related to multiple feet, such as 'the sound of feet' or 'the path of feet'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'foot' in many other Indo-European languages.
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LEES
Translations: of head, of a head, of a leader, of a source
Notes: This word refers to the physical head of a body. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a leader, chief, or source of something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the head' or 'belonging to the head'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G5139
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRAHV-mah
Translations: wound, a wound, injury, a bruise
Notes: This word refers to a physical wound or injury, such as one inflicted by a weapon or a fall. It can also refer to a bruise. It is used to describe the result of physical harm.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΗ, ΕΛΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb τραύω (trauō), meaning 'to wound' or 'to hurt'.
G3468
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MOH-lops
Translations: bruise, a bruise, wound, a wound, stripe, a stripe
Notes: This word refers to a bruise, a contusion, or a mark left on the body by a blow, often associated with a stripe or a weal. It describes the discoloration and swelling that results from an injury without breaking the skin. It is typically used to describe physical injuries.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΗ, ΤΡΑΥΜΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to words describing a blow or a mark.
G4127
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: play-GAY
Translations: blow, stroke, wound, plague, a plague
Notes: This word refers to a physical blow or stroke, often implying a forceful impact. It can also denote the resulting wound or injury from such a blow. In a broader sense, it can refer to a calamity or disaster, particularly a divinely sent affliction or plague.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΑΥΜΑ, ΜΑΣΤΙΞ, ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'.
G5395
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: fleg-MAI-noo-sah
Translations: inflamed, swelling, burning, a swelling, an inflamed (wound)
Notes: This word describes something that is inflamed, swollen, or burning, often referring to a wound or a part of the body that is hot and painful due to inflammation. It is a participle, meaning it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing an ongoing state or action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΟΥΣΑ, ΠΥΡΕΤΟΥΣΑ
Etymology: The word derives from the Greek noun φλέγμα (phlegma), meaning 'inflammation' or 'phlegm', which itself comes from φλέγω (phlegō), meaning 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G3129
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mah-LAH-gmah
Translations: poultice, a poultice, salve, an emollient, softening application
Notes: This word refers to a softening application, such as a poultice or salve, used for medicinal purposes. It was applied to wounds or sores to soothe, soften, or promote healing. It implies something that makes a surface or substance less hard or rigid.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΙΟΝ, ΚΟΛΛΥΡΙΟΝ
Etymology: From the Greek verb μαλάσσω (malassō), meaning 'to soften'. It describes something that has been softened or is used for softening.
G2007
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-THAY-nye
Translations: to lay upon, to put upon, to place upon, to impose, to add
Notes: This word means to lay, put, or place something upon something else. It can also mean to impose, as in imposing a burden or a hand. It is often used in contexts of physical placement or the application of something to a surface. It can also imply adding something to an existing quantity.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.
G1637
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-LAH-ee-on
Translations: oil, an oil, olive oil, an olive oil
Notes: This word refers to oil, most commonly olive oil, which was a staple in ancient Mediterranean cultures. It was used for food, fuel for lamps, anointing, and medicinal purposes. It can be used in sentences to refer to the substance itself, such as 'they brought the oil' or 'the oil was scarce'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From an assumed root related to the olive tree. It is connected to the word for olive, 'ἘΛΑΙΑ' (ELAIA).
G2672
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-dhes-MOOS
Translations: bands, fetters, chains, a band, a fetter, a chain
Notes: This word refers to something that binds or holds fast, such as bands, fetters, or chains. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'δεσμός' (a bond, chain). It is used to describe physical restraints or metaphorical bonds.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΠΕΔΗ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G2048
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: EH-ray-mos
Translations: desolate, deserted, solitary, lonely, uninhabited, wilderness, desert, a wilderness, a desert
Notes: This word describes something as desolate, deserted, or uninhabited. It can refer to a place, like a wilderness or a desert, or it can describe a person as lonely or solitary. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its state of emptiness or isolation. As a noun, it refers to a desolate place itself.
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular or Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΝ
Etymology: The word comes from a pre-Greek word, likely related to a sense of 'empty' or 'deserted'.
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-leess
Translations: cities, a city
Notes: This word refers to a city or a town. It is used to describe a populated area with buildings and infrastructure, often with a distinct political or administrative structure. In the provided context, it refers to multiple cities, specifically 'fortified cities'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G4448
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: py-ree-KOW-stoy
Translations: burned with fire, burned up, consumed by fire
Notes: This word is a compound adjective, meaning 'burned with fire' or 'consumed by fire'. It describes something that has been destroyed or severely damaged by flames. It is used to indicate a state of being utterly consumed by fire, often implying complete destruction.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΥΣΤΟΣ, ΕΜΠΥΡΟΣ
G5561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHO-ran
Translations: country, a country, land, a land, region, a region, field, a field
Notes: This word refers to a country, land, region, or territory. It can also denote a specific field or piece of ground. It is used to describe a geographical area or a specific plot of land.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.
G0245
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: al-LO-tree-oy
Translations: strangers, foreigners, aliens, another's, belonging to another
Notes: This word describes something or someone that belongs to another person or is foreign. It can refer to people who are not part of one's family, community, or nation, thus 'strangers' or 'foreigners'. It can also describe things that are 'alien' or 'belonging to another'. In the provided examples, it is used substantively to refer to 'strangers' or 'foreigners' who are acting against or consuming the strength of others.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΙ, ἈΛΛΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ
G2719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tes-THEE-oo-sin
Translations: they devour, they consume, they eat up
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. Together, it means 'to eat down', 'to eat up', or 'to devour completely'. It is often used to describe the complete destruction or consumption of something, whether literally eating food or figuratively consuming resources or property.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΝΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The verb κατεσθίω (katesthiō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. The prefix intensifies the action of eating.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEEN
Translations: her, it, herself
Notes: This is a third-person personal pronoun, specifically the feminine, singular, accusative form of 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It is used to refer to a feminine noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. It can be translated as 'her' or 'it' (when referring to a feminine object), and sometimes reflexively as 'herself' or 'itself'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-ray-MOH-tai
Translations: it has been made desolate, it has been laid waste, it has been deserted, it has become desolate
Notes: This word is a verb in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It means 'to make desolate,' 'to lay waste,' or 'to desert.' It describes a state of emptiness, ruin, or abandonment, often referring to places like cities or lands that have been destroyed or left uninhabited. The perfect tense emphasizes that the desolation is a current state resulting from a past action.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Indicative, Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΚΚΕΝΟΩ
G2692
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tes-tram-MEH-nee
Translations: destroyed, overthrown, ruined, a destroyed (one), an overthrown (one)
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been destroyed' or 'having been overthrown'. It describes something that has been completely ruined, demolished, or brought to an end. It is often used to refer to cities or lands that have been laid waste.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΩ, ΕΡΗΜΟΩ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-ohn
Translations: (of) peoples, (of) nations, (of) crowds
Notes: ΛΑΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun 'λαός', which means 'people' or 'nation'. It refers to a collective body of individuals, often a specific group or a whole population. In this genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, meaning 'of the people' or 'belonging to the nations'. It is used to describe something that pertains to or comes from a group of people.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ
G0245
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahl-loh-TREE-ohn
Translations: of strangers, of others, of foreigners, of alien things
Notes: This word describes something that belongs to another person or is foreign, alien, or strange. In its genitive plural form, it often refers to the possessions or characteristics of "strangers" or "foreigners," or simply "others." It can also refer to things that are alien or not one's own.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΞΕΝΩΝ, ἈΛΛΩΝ
G1459
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-kah-tah-lay-fthay-SEH-tai
Translations: will be forsaken, will be abandoned, will be left behind
Notes: This word means 'will be forsaken' or 'will be abandoned'. It describes an action that will happen in the future, where someone or something is left behind or deserted. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in, among), 'κατά' (down, against), and 'λείπω' (to leave).
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ
G2364
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-GAH-teer
Translations: daughter, a daughter
Notes: This word refers to a female offspring, a daughter. It is a common noun used to denote a familial relationship. It can be used in various contexts to refer to someone's child who is female, or metaphorically to refer to a female descendant or inhabitant of a place.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΗ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΘΥΓΑΤΗΡ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰugʰ₂tḗr, meaning 'daughter'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G4622
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: see-OHN
Translations: Zion
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mount Zion, a significant hill in Jerusalem. It is often used to refer to the city of Jerusalem itself, especially in a spiritual or symbolic sense, representing God's dwelling place or His people. It is a variant spelling of the more common Koine Greek word 'Σιών'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew word 'צִיּוֹן' (Tsiyyon), referring to the fortified hill in Jerusalem.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G4636
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: skay-NAY
Translations: tent, a tent, tabernacle, a tabernacle, dwelling, a dwelling, booth, a booth
Notes: This word refers to a temporary dwelling or shelter, such as a tent or a booth. It can also refer to a more permanent, sacred structure like the Tabernacle in the Old Testament. It is used to describe a place of habitation, whether literal or figurative.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑ
Etymology: The word "skēnē" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the verb "skēnoō" (to dwell in a tent).
G0290
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: am-peh-LOH-nee
Translations: (to) a vineyard, (to) the vineyard
Notes: This word refers to a vineyard, which is a piece of land planted with grapevines, typically for producing grapes for wine. The form "ἈΜΠΕΛΩΝΙ" is the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with "to" or "for" in English, such as "to the vineyard" or "for the vineyard."
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G3702
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-po-roh-fy-LA-kee-on
Translations: fruit-watch, fruit-hut, a fruit-watchman's hut, a watchman's hut, a lodge, a shed
Notes: This is a compound noun referring to a small hut or shelter, often temporary, used by a watchman to guard a field, especially during the harvest season, to protect fruits or crops from thieves or animals. It implies a place of temporary residence for a guard in a vineyard or orchard.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΚΗΝΗ, ΚΑΛΥΒΗ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΟΠΩΡΑ (opōra), meaning 'late summer fruits' or 'harvest', and ΦΥΛΑΚΙΟΝ (phylakion), meaning 'a watch-post' or 'guard-house'.
G4615
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: see-kyoo-ay-RAH-toh
Translations: cucumber field, a cucumber field, melon patch, a melon patch
Notes: This word refers to a field where cucumbers or gourds are grown. It is a compound word derived from 'σίκυα' (cucumber/gourd) and a suffix indicating a place or field. It is typically used to describe such a cultivated area.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lis
Translations: city, a city, town, a town
Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.
G4131
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: poh-lee-or-koo-MEH-nee
Translations: besieged, under siege, a besieged (city)
Notes: This word is a participle describing something that is being besieged or surrounded by an army. It is used to indicate a state of being under attack or siege, often referring to a city or stronghold.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Present, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word πολιορκέω (poliorcheō) is a compound word formed from πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure'. It literally means 'to fence in a city' or 'to besiege a city'.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4519
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-bah-OHTH
Translations: Sabaoth, of hosts, of armies
Notes: This word is a transliteration of a Hebrew word meaning 'hosts' or 'armies'. It is often used in the phrase 'Lord of Sabaoth' or 'God of Sabaoth' to refer to God as the commander of heavenly armies or the universe. It emphasizes God's power and sovereignty over all creation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: This word is a direct transliteration from the Hebrew word 'tsaba' (צָבָא), meaning 'army' or 'host'. It refers to the armies of Israel, the heavenly hosts (angels), or the stars.
G1459
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-ka-teh-LEE-pen
Translations: he forsook, he abandoned, he left behind, he deserted
Notes: This word means to forsake, abandon, leave behind, or desert someone or something. It implies a complete giving up or withdrawal from a person, place, or situation. It is often used in contexts of leaving someone in a difficult situation or abandoning a belief or practice.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G4670
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: SO-doh-ma
Translations: Sodom
Notes: Sodoma refers to the ancient city of Sodom, infamous in biblical narratives for its wickedness and subsequent destruction by God, often alongside Gomorrah. It is used to denote a place of extreme depravity or divine judgment.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The name "Sodoma" is a transliteration of the Hebrew word סְדֹם (Sedom), which refers to the biblical city. The exact etymology of the Hebrew name is uncertain.
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thee-men
Translations: we became, we were made, we were born, we came into being, we happened
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to be made,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or a new existence. It can also mean 'to happen' or 'to occur.' In this form, it indicates that a group of people (we) underwent this change or experience.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G1184
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: go-MOR-rah
Translations: Gomorrah
Notes: Gomorrah is the name of an ancient city mentioned in the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament. It was one of the two cities, along with Sodom, that were destroyed by God due to their wickedness. The name is often used to symbolize extreme wickedness and divine judgment.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Gomorrah' is of Hebrew origin, likely meaning 'a submerged tract' or 'a heap'. It refers to the biblical city destroyed by God.
G3666
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-moy-OH-thay-men
Translations: we were made like, we were likened, we were made to resemble
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be made like' or 'to be likened'. It describes a state of being made similar or comparable to something else. It is used to indicate that a group of people (implied by 'we') have been brought into a state of resemblance or comparison with another entity.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΑΦΟΜΟΙΟΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΩ
Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΙΟΩ comes from the Greek adjective ὅμοιος (homoios), meaning 'like, similar'.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-sah-teh
Translations: hear, listen, obey, understand
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is often used as a command or exhortation, urging people to pay attention or to obey. It can also imply understanding or perceiving something through sound. In the provided examples, it is used to command a group of people to listen.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἘΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G0758
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-khon-tes
Translations: rulers, the rulers, authorities, the authorities, chiefs, magistrates, princes
Notes: This word refers to individuals holding positions of authority, power, or leadership. It can denote civil magistrates, government officials, or even spiritual powers. It is used to describe those who govern or have dominion over others.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΙ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G4670
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: so-DO-mohn
Translations: of Sodom
Notes: This is the genitive plural form of 'Sodoma', referring to the ancient city of Sodom. In biblical contexts, Sodom is infamous for its wickedness and its destruction by God, often serving as a symbol of divine judgment against sin.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Proper Noun
Etymology: The origin of the name 'Sodoma' is uncertain, but it is a place name of ancient Semitic origin, likely from Hebrew.
G4337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-EKH-eh-teh
Translations: pay attention, take heed, beware, give heed, attend to, apply oneself
Notes: This word means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, to be cautious, or to apply oneself diligently. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command or warning, urging someone to be careful or to listen closely. It can also mean to hold to or devote oneself to something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to direct towards'.
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-mon
Translations: law, a law, rule, principle
Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1116
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: go-MOR-rhas
Translations: of Gomorrah, Gomorrah
Notes: This is the name of an ancient city, famously mentioned in the Bible alongside Sodom. It was one of the cities in the Jordan Plain that was destroyed by God due to its wickedness. It is a proper noun, referring to a specific place.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Gomorrah' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'עֲמֹרָה' (ʿĂmōrāh). It refers to one of the cities of the plain mentioned in the Old Testament.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2378
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-see-OHN
Translations: of sacrifices, of a sacrifice
Notes: This word refers to offerings or sacrifices, typically made to a deity as an act of worship, atonement, or thanksgiving. It is the genitive plural form of the noun 'thysia', indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the blood of sacrifices' or 'the altar of sacrifices'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΟΛΟΚΑΥΤΩΜΑ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-MEE
Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen
Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
G3646
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ho-lo-kow-TO-ma-ton
Translations: (of) burnt offerings, (of) whole burnt offerings
Notes: This word refers to a sacrifice that is completely consumed by fire on an altar, often called a 'burnt offering' or 'whole burnt offering'. It is a compound word derived from 'holos' (whole) and 'kaio' (to burn), signifying a sacrifice entirely given over to God. It is typically used in contexts describing religious rituals and sacrifices.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ
G2916
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kree-OHN
Translations: of rams
Notes: This word refers to male sheep, specifically those used for breeding or sacrifice. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often in relation to offerings or flocks. It is a common term in ancient texts when discussing livestock or sacrificial animals.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΝΙΩΝ, ΠΡΟΒΑΤΟΝ
G4720
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STEH-ar
Translations: fat, a fat, suet, a suet
Notes: This word refers to animal fat, especially the fat of sacrificial animals. It is often used in contexts related to offerings or food preparation. It can be understood as the richest or choicest part of an animal.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΙΟΤΗΣ, ΛΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (to thicken, to condense).
G0721
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-NOHN
Translations: of lambs, of a lamb
Notes: This word refers to young sheep, specifically lambs. It is used in a possessive or descriptive sense, indicating something belonging to or associated with lambs. For example, 'the fat of lambs' or 'a multitude of lambs'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΤΩΝ, ΑΙΓΩΝ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AHY-mah
Translations: blood, a blood
Notes: ΑΙΜΑ refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the body. It is often used literally, but can also metaphorically represent life, kinship, or violence and bloodshed. For example, it can refer to the shedding of blood in sacrifice or battle.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΙΜΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, reflecting an ancient origin for the concept of blood.
G5022
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tow-RON
Translations: of bulls, of oxen
Notes: This word refers to male cattle, specifically bulls or oxen. It is used in the genitive plural case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of bulls' or 'of oxen'. It can be used to describe things belonging to or associated with multiple bulls.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΟΩΝ, ΜΟΣΧΩΝ
G5131
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tra-GOHN
Translations: of goats, of a goat
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'τράγος' (tragos), which means 'goat' or 'he-goat'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to how 'of goats' or 'belonging to goats' would be used in English. For example, it might refer to the meat of goats, the milk of goats, or a group of goats.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΓΩΝ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a goat, especially a he-goat.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BOO-loh-my
Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to intend, to purpose
Notes: This verb expresses a deliberate and considered wish or intention, often implying a choice or purpose. It is used to indicate what someone wants to do or what they intend to happen. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'I wish to go' or 'He intends to speak'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΘΕΛΩ
Etymology: From the root *βουλ- (boul-), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'. It is related to the noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'.
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OOD
Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ER-khes-theh
Translations: you may come, you may go
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is used to express a potential or hypothetical action, often in a dependent clause or as a command/exhortation in the subjunctive mood. It indicates that the action of coming or going is something that 'you' (plural) might do or should do.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Subjunctive Mood
Synonyms: ΕΛΘΕΙΝ, ΒΑΙΝΩ
G3700
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: op-THEH-nai
Translations: to be seen, to appear, to show oneself
Notes: This is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'optanomai', meaning 'to be seen' or 'to appear'. It describes an action that happened in the past, viewed as a single event, and the subject of the action is being acted upon (passive voice). As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun and can be used to complete the meaning of another verb, often indicating purpose or result, such as 'to go to be seen' or 'it was caused to appear'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΗΝΑΙ, ΔΕΙΧΘΗΝΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ὀπτάνομαι (optanomai) is derived from the root *op-, which is related to seeing. It is often considered a passive form or a middle voice form of the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1567
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-ay-ZAY-tay-sen
Translations: he sought, he searched, he inquired, he investigated, he demanded
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to seek out', 'to search for', 'to inquire into', or 'to investigate thoroughly'. It implies a diligent and earnest search. It is often used to describe seeking something lost, or diligently searching for truth or understanding. It can also mean to demand or require something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHEH-ee-rohn
Translations: Chiron
Notes: Chiron is a proper noun referring to a centaur in Greek mythology, renowned for his wisdom, knowledge of medicine, and teaching abilities. He was a tutor to many Greek heroes, including Achilles, Asclepius, and Heracles.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Chiron is of Greek origin, possibly related to the Greek word 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand', which could allude to his skill in healing or his manual dexterity.
G3961
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-TEIN
Translations: to tread, to walk, to trample, to step
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'πατέω'. It generally means 'to tread' or 'to walk upon'. It can be used literally, such as walking on a path, or metaphorically, like trampling over something or someone, implying dominance or destruction. It often describes the action of placing one's foot on a surface.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'πατέω' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to walk' or 'to step'.
G0833
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ow-LAYN
Translations: court, a court, courtyard, a courtyard, palace, a palace, fold, a fold
Notes: This word refers to an open space, often enclosed, such as a courtyard, a sheepfold, or even a palace. It can also denote the dwelling place itself, particularly a royal residence. In a broader sense, it can refer to any open area surrounded by buildings or walls.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΛΙΣ, ΟἸΚΙΑ, ΠΥΛΩΝ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-THEH-seh-stheh
Translations: you will add, you will put to, you will join, you will continue, you will increase
Notes: This word means to add, to put to, or to join. It can also imply continuing or increasing something. It is often used in contexts where something is being added to an existing quantity or situation, or when an action is being continued or repeated.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΝΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΘΕΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEH-reh-teh
Translations: you bring, you carry, you bear, you may bring, you may carry, you may bear
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'pherō', meaning 'to bring', 'to carry', or 'to bear'. It is used to describe the action of moving something from one place to another, or enduring something. It can also imply producing or yielding something. The form 'pherēte' specifically indicates an action performed by 'you' (plural).
Inflection: Present, Subjunctive, Second Person, Plural OR Present, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΕΡΩ (pherō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, including English 'bear' and Latin 'fero'.
G4571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: seh-mi-DAH-lin
Translations: fine flour, a fine flour, fine meal, a fine meal, semolina, a semolina
Notes: This word refers to the finest quality of flour, often used for baking bread or preparing offerings in ancient times. It signifies a very pure and refined type of meal, distinct from coarser flours. It is typically used in contexts related to food preparation or religious rituals.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΣΕΜΙΔΑΛΙΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from an Egyptian or Semitic source, or perhaps a pre-Greek substrate word. It refers to a very fine grade of flour, often associated with high quality or ritual use.
G3152
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-TAH-ee-on
Translations: vain, empty, useless, worthless, futile, a vain thing, an empty thing
Notes: This word describes something that is without substance, purpose, or value. It refers to things that are futile, ineffective, or morally empty. It can be used to describe actions, words, or even people that lack true significance or lasting benefit.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΕΝΟΣ, ΑΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ (mataios) is derived from the Greek root μάτη (matē), meaning 'folly, error, failure'. It describes something characterized by or leading to such a state.
G2368
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-mee-AH-mah
Translations: incense, an incense, perfume
Notes: This word refers to incense, a fragrant substance, often aromatic gum or resin, that is burned to produce a sweet-smelling smoke. It was commonly used in ancient religious ceremonies as an offering to deities, but could also be used as a general perfume or air freshener. It is a neuter noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΙΒΑΝΟΣ, ΑΡΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word comes from the verb θυμιάω (thymiaō), meaning 'to burn incense', which is related to θύω (thyō), meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer by burning'.
G0946
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bdeh-LOO-gma
Translations: abomination, a detestable thing, detestable thing
Notes: This word refers to something that is detestable, abhorrent, or an object of disgust, often with a strong moral or religious connotation. It is used to describe things or practices that are considered offensive or impure, especially in the sight of God. It can be used to describe an idol, an unclean act, or anything that causes revulsion.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΔΕΛΥΓΜΟΣ, ΜΙΑΣΜΑ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΒΔΕΛΥΓΜΑ is derived from the verb βδελύσσομαι (bdelussomai), meaning 'to feel disgust at, to detest'. It describes something that causes such a feeling.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G3561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noo-MAY-nee-as
Translations: (of) new moons, (of) new moon festivals
Notes: This word refers to the first day of the lunar month, which was often observed as a religious festival or a time of special worship in ancient cultures, particularly among the Israelites. It signifies the beginning of a new month according to the lunar calendar.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΜΗΝΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4521
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sah-BBAH-tah
Translations: Sabbaths, a Sabbath, the Sabbath, week
Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, the seventh day of the week, observed by Jews as a day of rest and worship. In the plural form, it can refer to multiple Sabbaths or, by extension, to a 'week' as the period between Sabbaths. It is often used in contexts relating to religious observances or the passage of time.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'Σάββατον' (Sabbaton) is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'שַׁבָּת' (Shabbat), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint, the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEE-meh-ran
Translations: day, a day
Notes: This is a feminine noun meaning 'day'. It refers to a period of 24 hours, or more generally, a specific point in time or an era. It is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions that take the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-GAH-len
Translations: great, large, mighty, a great, a large, a mighty
Notes: This word describes something as being great in size, importance, or intensity. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of greatness. For example, it can refer to a large city, a significant event, or a powerful emotion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ
G0430
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NEH-kho-mai
Translations: endure, bear with, put up with, tolerate, suffer
Notes: This verb means to endure, bear with, or tolerate something or someone. It implies a sense of patience or forbearance in the face of difficulty, annoyance, or opposition. It can be used to describe putting up with circumstances or with the actions of others.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle Voice, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνέχω (anékhō, “to hold up, endure”), from ἀνά (aná, “up”) + ἔχω (ékhō, “to have, hold”).
G3521
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: nees-TEY-ahn
Translations: fasting, a fast
Notes: This word refers to the act of abstaining from food, often for religious or spiritual reasons. It can be used in contexts describing a period of abstinence or the practice itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΗΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb νηστεύω (nēsteuō), meaning 'to fast', which is derived from νῆστις (nēstis), meaning 'not eating'.
G0692
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-GHEE-an
Translations: idleness, inactivity, laziness, an idleness, an inactivity, a laziness
Notes: This word refers to a state of being idle, inactive, or lazy. It describes a lack of work or effort, often implying a negative connotation of sloth or unproductiveness. It can be used in sentences to describe someone's state of being without work or their general disposition towards avoiding effort.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΠΡΑΞΙΑ, ἈΝΕΡΓΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἀργός (argos), meaning 'idle, inactive', which is a compound of ἀ- (a-, 'not') and ἔργον (ergon, 'work'). Thus, it literally means 'without work'.
G1859
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-or-TAS
Translations: feasts, festivals, holidays
Notes: This word refers to religious or celebratory festivals and holidays. It is used to denote a time of special observance or celebration, often involving gatherings and rituals. In the provided examples, it is used in contexts of observing or despising such celebrations.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ
G3404
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MI-see
Translations: he hates, she hates, it hates, hate!
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hate' or 'to detest'. It can be used to describe someone's strong aversion or hostility towards a person, thing, or action. Depending on the context, it can function as a third-person singular indicative (he/she/it hates) or a second-person singular imperative (you, hate!).
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular OR Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE
Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life
Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-theh-teh
Translations: you became, you were made, you came to be, you were
Notes: This word means 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' In this form, it indicates that a group of people 'became' or 'were made' something. It describes a past action that was completed.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΓΙΓΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ
G4138
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: play-smo-NEE
Translations: fullness, satiety, abundance, a filling, satisfaction
Notes: This word refers to the state of being full or satisfied, often in the sense of having had enough to eat or drink, or having an abundance of something. It can also denote a state of being filled to the point of excess or surfeit. It is typically used to describe a state of completion or satisfaction regarding a need or desire.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΟΣ, ΕΜΠΛΗΣΙΣ
G3765
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ook-EH-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).
G0447
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nee-SO
Translations: I will let go, I will relax, I will loosen, I will allow, I will permit, I will neglect
Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb meaning 'to let go' or 'to relax'. It signifies an action of releasing, loosening, or ceasing to hold something tightly. It can also mean to permit or allow something to happen, or to neglect a duty or responsibility.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΧΑΛΑΩ
Etymology: The word ἀνίημι (aniēmi) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. Thus, it literally means 'to send up' or 'to send back', which evolved into the sense of releasing or letting go.
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-as
Translations: of sin, of sins, of a sin, sin, a sin
Notes: This word refers to a sin, an offense, or a transgression against divine or moral law. It can also refer to the state of sinfulness. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation, often translated as 'of sin' or 'of sins'. It is commonly used in theological contexts to describe moral failings.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G1614
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-TAY-nee-teh
Translations: you stretch out, you extend, you hold out
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to stretch out' or 'to extend'. It is often used in contexts where someone is stretching out their hands, a limb, or even a concept like mercy. It can also mean to hold something out or to reach out. In the provided example, it refers to stretching out hands.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Present Tense, Subjunctive Mood, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΠΛΟΩ, ΕΚΠΕΤΑΝΝΥΜΙ, ΟΡΕΓΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΤΕΙΝΩ (teinō), meaning 'to stretch' or 'to extend'.
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ras
Translations: hands
Notes: This word refers to hands, the physical appendages at the end of the arm. It is used in various contexts, often literally for actions involving the hands, but also metaphorically to signify power, control, or agency. For example, something might be 'in the hands of' someone, meaning under their control.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pos-TREP-soh
Translations: I will turn away, I will turn back, I will return, I will avert, I will restore
Notes: This word means to turn away, turn back, or return something or someone. It can also mean to avert or restore. It is used to describe an action that will happen in the future, indicating a turning or a reversal of direction or state.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3788
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oph-thal-MOOS
Translations: eyes
Notes: This word refers to the eyes, the organs of sight. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative senses, such as seeing with one's physical eyes or understanding something with the 'eyes' of the mind or heart. In the provided examples, it is used in contexts related to physical sight and divine illumination.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΒΛΕΜΜΑΤΑ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AF
Translations: from, away from, by, of
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.
G4129
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: play-thoo-NEE-teh
Translations: increase, multiply, abound, be multiplied, be increased
Notes: This verb means to increase, multiply, or make abundant. It can be used transitively (to cause something to increase) or intransitively (to become increased or multiplied). It is often found in contexts of growth, proliferation, or abundance, and can be used in commands or exhortations.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΠΟΛΥΠΛΑΣΙΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΠΛΗΘΥΝΩ derives from the adjective ΠΛΗΘΥΣ (plethys), meaning 'a multitude' or 'a great number'. It is related to ΠΛΗΘΟΣ (plethos), meaning 'a great quantity' or 'multitude'.
G1162
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEH-eh-sin
Translations: prayer, a prayer, supplication, an entreaty
Notes: This word refers to a specific request or petition made to God or a higher authority. It emphasizes the act of making a humble and earnest appeal, often born out of a sense of need or distress. It is commonly used in contexts of seeking divine intervention or expressing a heartfelt desire.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ, ΙΚΕΤΗΡΙΑ
G1522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-ah-KOO-soh-my
Translations: will hear, will listen to, will obey
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (EIS), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἈΚΟΥΩ (AKOUO), meaning 'to hear'. Therefore, it literally means 'to hear into' or 'to hear towards', which implies hearing attentively, listening to, or obeying. It is used to describe the act of giving ear to someone or something, often with the implication of responding or complying.
Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΚΟΥΩ, ὙΠΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΑΚΟΥΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕἸΣ (EIS), meaning 'into, to', and the verb ἈΚΟΥΩ (AKOUO), meaning 'to hear'. The verb ἈΚΟΥΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hear'.
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-res
Translations: hands
Notes: This word refers to the hands, the terminal part of the arm beyond the forearm in humans and other primates. It is commonly used to denote physical actions, control, or power. For example, it can refer to the act of giving or receiving, or to the power or authority of a person or God.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
G0129
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AI-mah-tos
Translations: of blood
Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. In Koine Greek, it is often used literally to refer to physical blood, but can also be used metaphorically to denote lineage, sacrifice, or violent death. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of blood'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ (haima) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek word that has maintained its core meaning of 'blood' throughout its history.
G4134
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PLAY-rays
Translations: full, filled, complete
Notes: This word describes something that is full, complete, or filled with something. It indicates a state of abundance or being entirely occupied. It can be used to describe people, objects, or even abstract concepts as being 'full of' a particular quality or substance.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΜΩΝ, ΜΕΣΤΟΣ
G3068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: loo-SAH-stheh
Translations: wash yourselves, bathe yourselves
Notes: This word is a command, specifically telling a group of people to wash or bathe themselves. It implies a self-directed action of cleansing, either literally or metaphorically.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΝΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ
G2513
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ka-tha-ROY
Translations: clean, pure, clear, innocent, a clean, a pure
Notes: This word describes something as clean, pure, or free from defilement, whether physical, moral, or ritual. It can refer to a person who is innocent or ceremonially clean, or to an object that is unadulterated. It is often used to describe a state of being free from sin or guilt.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΙ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΙ, ΑΜΟΛΥΝΤΟΙ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-NEH-stheh
Translations: become, be, come to pass, happen, arise, be made, be done
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to arise.' It is often used to describe a change of state or the occurrence of an event. As an imperative, it functions as a command, telling someone or a group to become or to be something.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G0851
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-feh-LEH-teh
Translations: take away, remove, cut off, take off, put away, forgive
Notes: This word means to take something away, remove it, or cut it off. It can be used literally, such as removing clothing, or figuratively, such as removing wickedness or sin. It is often used as a command or exhortation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ
G4189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-nee-REE-as
Translations: of wickedness, of evil, of malice, of depravity, of mischief
Notes: This word refers to wickedness, evil, malice, or depravity. It describes a state of moral badness or harmfulness. It is often used to describe actions or intentions that are morally corrupt or harmful to others.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΗΣ
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: psy-KHOHN
Translations: of souls, of lives, of spirits, of minds, of breaths
Notes: This word refers to the genitive plural form of 'psyche,' which means soul, life, spirit, or mind. It is often used to denote the inner self, the animating principle of a living being, or the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. In a broader sense, it can refer to life itself or a living being. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relationship, meaning 'belonging to souls' or 'of souls.'
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ, ΖΩΩΝ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: Ah-peh-NAN-tee
Translations: opposite, in front of, before, against
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a position directly facing or opposite to something or someone. It can also mean 'in the presence of' or 'before' a person or thing. It is often used with the genitive case to specify what it is opposite to.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπ- (ap-, 'from') and ἔναντι (enanti, 'opposite'). It literally means 'from opposite' or 'from in front of'.
G3788
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oph-thal-MON
Translations: of eyes, eyes
Notes: This word refers to the eyes, the organs of sight. It can be used literally to describe physical eyes or metaphorically to represent understanding, perception, or presence. The form ὈΦΘΑΛΜΩΝ is the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of eyes' or 'belonging to eyes'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΜΜΑΤΑ, ΒΛΕΦΑΡΑ
G3973
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pow-SAS-theh
Translations: stop, cease, refrain, you all stop, you all cease, you all refrain
Notes: This word means to stop, cease, or refrain from an action. It is used as a command or an exhortation for a group of people to halt what they are doing.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΛΗΓΩ, ΠΕΠΑΥΜΑΙ
G4189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-nee-REE-ohn
Translations: of wickedness, of evil, of malice, of iniquity
Notes: This word refers to wickedness, evil, or malice. It describes a state or act of moral badness, depravity, or harmful intent. It is used to speak about the source or nature of evil deeds or thoughts.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΗΣ
G3129
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mah-THEH-teh
Translations: learn, understand, be taught, perceive, find out
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to learn, to understand, or to be taught. It implies gaining knowledge or skill through instruction or experience. It is often used in the imperative mood, commanding someone to learn or understand something.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-LON
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, right, fitting, a good thing, a beautiful thing
Notes: ΚΑΛΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ. It describes something as good, beautiful, noble, excellent, or fitting. It can refer to moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or practical suitability. It is often used to describe what is morally right or advantageous, or something that is beneficial.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-in
Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.
G1567
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-zee-TAY-sah-teh
Translations: seek, seek out, search for, require, demand
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'εκ' (out of, from) and the verb 'ζητέω' (to seek). It means to seek out, search diligently, or require something. It implies a thorough and earnest search or inquiry. It is often used in a spiritual or moral sense, urging one to seek God or righteousness.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΖΗΤΕΩ (zēteō), meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'.
G2920
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-seen
Translations: judgment, a judgment, decision, condemnation, a condemnation, justice, a justice, dispute, a dispute
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or the act of judging. It can also mean condemnation or the process of discerning right from wrong. It is often used in contexts of legal or divine judgment, or in a more general sense of making a decision or distinguishing between things.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ
G4506
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: RHOO-sas-theh
Translations: deliver, rescue, save
Notes: This word means to deliver, rescue, or save someone from danger, harm, or an oppressive situation. It is often used in a command or an urgent plea for help, indicating an action to be taken to free someone from a difficult circumstance.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΛΥΩ
G0091
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: ah-dee-koo-MEH-non
Translations: wronged, injured, oppressed, one who is wronged, one who is injured, one who is oppressed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to do wrong' or 'to injure'. It describes someone who is being wronged, injured, or treated unjustly. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to the person who is suffering injustice. It is often used in contexts of legal or moral injustice.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΕΒΛΑΜΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΕΠΟΝΘΟΤΑ
Etymology: The word ἈΔΙΚΈΩ (adikeō) comes from the Greek word ἄδικος (adikos), meaning 'unjust', which is formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) meaning 'not' and δίκη (dikē) meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'not just' or 'unrighteous'.
G2919
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KREE-nah-teh
Translations: judge, decide, discern, determine, condemn
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. It is used to command a group of people to make a judgment, decision, or to discern something. It can also imply a legal or moral judgment, or the act of condemning.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ
G3737
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-fa-NO
Translations: orphan, an orphan, of orphans, to an orphan, to orphans
Notes: This word refers to an orphan, someone who has lost one or both parents. It can also refer to someone who is fatherless or without a protector. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive plural form meaning 'of orphans' and in the dative singular form meaning 'to an orphan' or 'upon an orphan'. It is a compound word, though its components are not immediately obvious from the Greek.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine; or Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΕΥΤΟΣ
G1344
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-OH-sah-teh
Translations: justify, declare righteous, make righteous, acquit
Notes: This word means to justify, declare righteous, or make righteous. It is often used in a legal or theological context, implying the act of declaring someone innocent or in right standing, or making them righteous. It can be used to command someone to perform this action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ
G5503
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEE-rah
Translations: widow, a widow
Notes: This word refers to a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried. In ancient societies, widows often faced significant social and economic vulnerability, and they are frequently mentioned in biblical texts as a group deserving of special care and protection. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΧΗΡΑ (chēra) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'empty' or 'bereft'.
G1205
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adverb
Sounds like: DEW-teh
Translations: Come!, Come!, Come here!, Come on!
Notes: This word is an imperative, meaning 'Come!' or 'Come here!'. It is used as an invitation or an exhortation to action, often followed by a subjunctive verb to indicate the purpose or result of coming. It can be used for both singular and plural subjects, though it is grammatically plural in form. For example, it might be used to say 'Come, let us go!'
Inflection: Imperative, Second Person, Plural (often used for singular as well)
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΕΣΘΕ, ΙΤΕ
Etymology: From an obsolete imperative of an uncontracted form of ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.
G1248
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-el-ENG-khthoh-men
Translations: let us be convicted, let us be reproved, let us be examined, let us be cross-examined, let us be refuted
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly') and the verb ἐλέγχω (elencho, meaning 'to convict, reprove, examine'). It means to be thoroughly examined, convicted, or reproved. It is used to express a call to a mutual examination or a thorough discussion where truth is brought to light, often implying a process of conviction or refutation.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΩ, ΑΝΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ
G3775, G1510
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Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
Sounds like: OH-sin
Translations: ears, (in) ears, they may be, they should be, they are
Notes: This word is a homograph, meaning it can represent two different words with distinct meanings and origins. It can be the dative plural of the noun ΟΥΣ (ous), meaning 'ear', often used in phrases like 'in the ears of'. Alternatively, it can be the third person plural present subjunctive of the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be', typically used in clauses expressing purpose or result, such as 'in order that they may be'.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter (for 'ears'); Third Person, Plural, Present, Subjunctive (for 'to be')
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΗ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hah-mar-TEE-ai
Translations: sins, a sin
Notes: This word refers to sins or wrongdoings. It is used to describe actions or states that miss the mark of God's standard or moral righteousness. It often implies a deviation from what is right or a transgression against divine law. In a sentence, it would typically be used to refer to multiple instances of sin.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ
G5404
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: foy-nee-KOON
Translations: purple, crimson, scarlet, a purple, a crimson, a scarlet
Notes: This word describes something that is purple, crimson, or scarlet in color. It is often used to refer to the deep red or reddish-purple dye obtained from the murex snail, which was highly prized in ancient times. It can be used to describe cloth, garments, or other objects of that color.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΦΥΡΟΥΣ, ΚΟΚΚΙΝΟΣ
G5510
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khee-O-nah
Translations: snow
Notes: This word refers to snow, the frozen precipitation. It is used as a common noun to describe the white, crystalline substance that falls from the sky in cold weather.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3021
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: le-oo-KAH-noh
Translations: to make white, to whiten, to cleanse, to purify
Notes: This verb means to make something white or to whiten it. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to cleanse or purify, often in a spiritual sense. It describes the action of changing something's color to white or making it pure.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ, ΑΓΝΙΖΩ
Etymology: From the Greek word λευκός (leukos), meaning 'white'. The suffix -ανω indicates a verb of making or causing to be.
G2847
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KOK-kee-non
Translations: red, scarlet, a red thing, a scarlet thing
Notes: This word describes something as being red or scarlet in color. It is an adjective and would be used to modify a noun, indicating its color. For example, 'the red cloak' or 'a scarlet thread'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word "κόκκινος" (kokkinos) is derived from "κόκκος" (kokkos), meaning 'grain' or 'berry', specifically referring to the kermes insect (Coccus ilicis) from which a red dye was extracted. Thus, it literally means 'berry-red' or 'dyed with kermes'.
G2053
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-ree-on
Translations: wool, a wool
Notes: This word refers to wool, the soft, curly hair of sheep and some other animals, used to make cloth. It is typically used in a general sense to describe the material itself.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From a diminutive of ἔρος (eros), meaning 'wool'.
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-LEH-teh
Translations: you wish, you want, you desire, you will, you intend
Notes: This word means to wish, want, or desire. It can also mean to intend or to be willing. It is often used to express a person's will or intention in a given situation. In the provided examples, it is used in conditional clauses, indicating a choice or willingness on the part of the subject.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G1522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-ah-KOO-see-teh
Translations: you hear, you listen, you obey, you heed, you give ear
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to hear into' or 'to listen to', often implying obedience or heeding what is heard. It is used to describe the act of paying close attention to something, especially a command or instruction, and acting accordingly. It can also mean to hear and answer a prayer.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ἈΚΟΎΩ, ὙΠΑΚΟΎΩ, ΠΕΊΘΟΜΑΙ
G0018
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-gah-THA
Translations: good things, goods, benefits, blessings, advantages
Notes: This word is the plural form of the adjective 'ἈΓΑΘΟΣ', meaning 'good'. It refers to things that are good, beneficial, or advantageous. It is often used to describe possessions, blessings, or positive outcomes.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΑ
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYS
Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region
Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').
G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-GESS-theh
Translations: you will eat, you shall eat
Notes: This word means 'you will eat' or 'you shall eat'. It is a future tense form of the verb 'to eat' and is used when referring to a group of people who will perform the action of eating in the future. It indicates a future action or command.
Inflection: Second person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The root verb φάγω (phago) is an alternative and more common aorist and future stem for ἐσθίω (esthio), meaning 'to eat'. Its origin is ancient, tracing back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to consumption.
G3366
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G3162
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ma-KHAIR-ah
Translations: sword, a sword, dagger, a dagger, knife, a knife
Notes: This word refers to a sword, dagger, or knife. It is a general term for a short sword or a large knife, often used for cutting or piercing. It can be used in various contexts, from literal weapons to metaphorical representations of conflict or judgment.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ
Etymology: The origin of the word 'machaira' is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek or Pelasgian origin, possibly related to a word for 'fight' or 'battle'.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G2719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-DEH-tai
Translations: devours, consumes, eats up, eats down
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to devour' or 'to consume completely'. It is often used to describe something being eaten or destroyed entirely, such as fire consuming something, or a person eating food. It implies a thorough and destructive consumption.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΑΓΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΣΘΙΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb ΕΣΘΙΩ (ESTHIO), meaning 'to eat'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4750
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STOH-mah
Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance
Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G4459
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: POHS
Translations: how, in what way, by what means, that, in order that
Notes: ΠΩΣ is an adverb used to inquire about the manner or means by which something occurs, translating to "how" or "in what way." It can introduce direct or indirect questions. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning "that" or "in order that," especially when expressing purpose or result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative and interrogative pronominal stems.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G4204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POR-nay
Translations: prostitute, a prostitute, harlot, a harlot
Notes: This word refers to a female prostitute or harlot. It is used to describe a woman who engages in sexual acts for payment. In a broader sense, it can also be used metaphorically to describe spiritual unfaithfulness or idolatry, particularly in prophetic literature.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΑ, ΔΟΥΛΗ
Etymology: From πέρνημι (pernēmi), meaning 'to sell'. The word literally refers to a woman who sells herself.
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PI-stee
Translations: faith, a faith, belief, a belief, trust, a trust, faithfulness
Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can denote a conviction about the truth of something, especially in a religious context, or a reliance upon someone or something. It is often used to describe the act of believing in God or Christ, or the faithfulness shown by a person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ
G2920
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-seh-ohss
Translations: of judgment, of decision, of condemnation, of justice, of a trial
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, a decision, or a legal process. It can also denote the act of separating or distinguishing. In a theological context, it often refers to divine judgment or condemnation. It is used to indicate the source or possession of something, similar to how 'of' is used in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΣΙΣ
G1343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nay
Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness, a justice
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. It encompasses concepts of uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's character or the state of being right with God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns.
G2837
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-koy-MAY-thay
Translations: he slept, he fell asleep, he died, he was laid to rest
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. In a figurative sense, especially in the New Testament, it is often used as a euphemism for 'to die' or 'to be laid to rest', implying a peaceful passing or a temporary state before resurrection. It is used to describe someone who has passed away.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEH
Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves
Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G5406
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NEV-tai
Translations: murderers, the murderers
Notes: This word refers to individuals who commit murder. It is used to describe those who take a human life unlawfully. In a sentence, it would typically function as the subject or object, indicating a group of people responsible for killing.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΚΤΟΝΟΙ, ΔΟΛΟΦΟΝΟΙ
G0694
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-GY-ree-on
Translations: silver, a silver coin, money, a piece of money
Notes: This word refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly in the New Testament, as silver coins or money in general. It is often used to denote wealth or payment. For example, it can refer to the thirty pieces of silver Judas received for betraying Jesus.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἀργύριον (argyriōn), which is a diminutive of ἄργυρος (argyros), meaning 'silver'. It refers to something made of silver or a small piece of silver.
G0096
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-DOH-kee-mon
Translations: unapproved, rejected, worthless, reprobate, a worthless thing, an unapproved thing
Notes: This word describes something that has been tested or examined and found to be unacceptable, worthless, or failing to meet a standard. It can refer to things, like counterfeit money, or to people or their minds, indicating a state of being disapproved or unfit.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΧΡΕΙΟΣ, ΑΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ΑΠΟΒΛΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (meaning 'not' or 'un-') and the word 'ΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ' (dokimos), which means 'approved' or 'tested and found worthy'. Thus, it literally means 'not approved' or 'untested'.
G2585
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-PEE-loy
Translations: retailers, hucksters, peddlers, merchants, tavern-keepers
Notes: This word refers to retailers or merchants, often with the negative connotation of someone who adulterates goods for profit, like watering down wine. It describes a person who sells goods, typically in a small shop or stall, and can imply a lack of integrity in their dealings.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΡΟΙ, ΠΡΑΤΗΡΕΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be of Semitic origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to trade' or 'to barter'.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G3436
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MIS-goo-see
Translations: mix, mingle, associate with, have dealings with
Notes: This verb means to mix or mingle, often referring to the combining of different substances, such as wine with water. It can also be used metaphorically to mean associating or having dealings with others, implying a close connection or interaction.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΕΡΑΝΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-non
Translations: wine, a wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, a fermented beverage made from grapes. It can be used in various contexts, often appearing as the object of a verb, indicating something that is consumed or provided.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΟἸΝΟΣ is of Pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of the Greek language. It is related to similar words for wine in other Indo-European languages.
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HY-dah-tee
Translations: to water, in water, with water, by water, a water, water
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'water'. It is used to indicate the recipient of an action, the location where something occurs, or the instrument by which something is done, often translated as 'to water', 'in water', 'with water', or 'by water'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G0544
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pay-THEH-oo-sin
Translations: they are disobedient, they disobey, they refuse to believe, they are unbelieving
Notes: This word describes the act of being disobedient, refusing to be persuaded, or being unbelieving. It implies a deliberate refusal to comply with authority or to accept truth. It is often used to describe people who resist God's will or message.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΙΣΤΕΩ, ἈΝΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and πείθω (peithō, 'to persuade, to obey'). It literally means 'not persuaded' or 'unwilling to obey'.
G2844
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koy-no-NOY
Translations: partners, companions, sharers, associates, partakers
Notes: This word refers to individuals who share in something with others, participate together, or are associated as companions or partners. It implies a joint involvement or common interest in an activity, possession, or experience.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΚΟΙΝΩΝΟΣ, ΜΕΤΟΧΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G2813
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: KLEP-ton
Translations: stealing, a thief, of thieves, of those who steal
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'κλέπτω' (kleptō), meaning 'to steal'. It can function as a participle, describing an action, or as a noun, referring to the people performing the action. In the genitive plural, it typically means 'of thieves' or 'of those who are stealing'. It describes individuals who engage in the act of theft.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΗΣΤΗΣ, ΑΡΠΑΞ
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-gah-PON-tes
Translations: loving, those who love, a lover, the ones loving
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'loving' or 'those who love'. It describes an ongoing action of loving. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, standing in for a noun (e.g., 'the ones who love').
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΩΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: From ἀγάπη (agapē), meaning 'love'. The origin of ἀγάπη is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or of unknown derivation.
G1435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOH-rah
Translations: gifts
Notes: The word refers to gifts or presents. It is the plural form of the noun 'ΔΩΡΟΝ' (doron), which means 'a gift'. It is commonly used to denote something given voluntarily, often as a token of honor, respect, or generosity.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΟΣΙΣ, ΔΩΡΕΑ
Etymology: From the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It refers to something given or bestowed.
G1377
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-OH-kon-tes
Translations: pursuing, persecuting, chasing, following, those who pursue, those who persecute
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to pursue' or 'to persecute'. It describes an action of actively following after someone or something, either in a literal chase or in a hostile sense of persecution. It can also mean to earnestly seek or strive for something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, but also carries the action of a verb.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΞΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΓΜΟΣ
G0467
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-tah-POH-doh-mah
Translations: recompense, a recompense, repayment, a repayment, retribution, a retribution, reward, a reward
Notes: This word refers to a return or requital for actions, whether good or bad. It signifies something given back in response to what has been done, often implying a just or deserved outcome. It can be used to describe a reward for good deeds or a punishment/retribution for bad ones.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ, ἈΝΤΙΜΙΣΘΙΑ
Etymology: This is a compound word formed from three Greek elements: ἀντί (anti, 'in return for'), ἀπό (apo, 'from'), and δίδωμι (didomi, 'to give'). It literally means 'a giving back in return'.
G3737
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-fa-NOYS
Translations: (to) orphans, (to) fatherless, (to) desolate
Notes: This word refers to those who have lost their parents, particularly their father, or are otherwise without protection or support. It is often used in a compassionate sense to describe vulnerable individuals. In the provided context, it is used in the dative case, indicating that something is being given or directed 'to' orphans.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΕΥΤΟΙΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΙΣ
Etymology: The word "orphanos" comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *orbʰ-, meaning "to change ownership, to be deprived." It is related to Latin "orbus" (bereaved, orphaned) and English "orphan."
G2919
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KREE-non-tes
Translations: judging, discerning, deciding, condemning, separating, distinguishing
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are judging' or 'while judging'. It describes an ongoing action of making a judgment, decision, or distinction. It can refer to the act of discerning, evaluating, or even condemning, depending on the context. It is often used to describe the role of judges or those in authority who make decisions.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ
G5503
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEE-rohn
Translations: (of) widows
Notes: This word refers to 'widows' and is in the genitive plural case, indicating possession or relationship. It is often used in contexts referring to the care or rights of widows, as seen in the provided examples where it is paired with 'orphans'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
G4337
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-E-khon-tes
Translations: paying attention, giving heed, attending, being attentive, those who pay attention
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'προσέχω' (prosechō), meaning 'to pay attention to,' 'to give heed to,' or 'to apply oneself to.' As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially, often translated as 'paying attention' or 'those who are paying attention.' It implies a focused and deliberate act of heeding or attending to something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TA-deh
Translations: these things, thus, as follows
Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.
G1203
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: des-PO-tays
Translations: master, lord, owner, a master, a lord
Notes: This word refers to a master, lord, or owner, someone who has absolute authority or control over others, such as servants, slaves, or possessions. It is often used in a secular context for a human master, but it is also frequently used in a religious context to refer to God or Christ as the ultimate Lord and Master.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dems-pot-, meaning 'master of the house'. It is a compound of *dem- ('house') and *pot- ('master, powerful').
G2480
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: iss-KHYOO-on-tes
Translations: being strong, being able, having power, those who are strong, the strong ones
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being strong' or 'having power'. It describes someone or something that possesses strength, ability, or authority. It can be used adjectivally to describe people who are strong or capable, or substantively as 'the strong ones' or 'those who are able'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G3973
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pow-SEH-tai
Translations: he will cease, she will cease, it will cease, he will stop, she will stop, it will stop, he will rest, she will rest, it will rest
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'παύω' (paúō), meaning 'to cease', 'to stop', or 'to rest'. It indicates a future action, specifically that someone or something will come to a halt or find rest. It is often used to describe an end to an activity, a state, or a period of time.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ
G2372
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THOO-mos
Translations: passion, anger, rage, wrath, indignation, a passion, a rage
Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense, emotional state. It can denote a passionate outburst, a fit of anger, or a deep-seated wrath or indignation. It is often used to describe a powerful emotional response, sometimes impulsive and volatile.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ
Etymology: From an assumed primary word meaning 'to rush, breathe hard'. It refers to the soul as the seat of emotion, hence 'passion' or 'anger'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G5227
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoo-pen-AN-tee-oys
Translations: to opponents, to adversaries, to hostile ones, to those who are opposite
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is opposite, hostile, or adversarial. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the opponents' or 'the adversaries.' In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipients of an action, such as 'to the opponents' or 'to the adversaries.'
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΧΘΡΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ (hypenantios) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'against,' and ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ (enantios), meaning 'opposite' or 'contrary.' Thus, it literally means 'under or against what is opposite.'
G2190
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ekh-THRON
Translations: of enemies, enemies
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or adversarial. It is the plural genitive form of 'enemy', indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of enemies' or simply 'enemies' when the context implies possession or separation from them.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EE-soh
Translations: I will do, I will make, I will perform, I will create
Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action that will be carried out in the future. It means 'to do', 'to make', 'to perform', or 'to create'. It is often used to describe the execution of a task, the production of something, or the bringing about of an event.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΩ, ΕΡΓΑΣΟΜΑΙ
G1863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-AX-oh
Translations: I will bring upon, I will bring in, I will lead on, I will inflict
Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'ἘΠΑΓΩ', meaning 'to bring upon' or 'to lead on'. It is often used in the context of bringing something, such as judgment or a sword, upon a person or place. It can also mean to bring someone or something into a place, or to inflict something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ἈΞΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ἘΙΣΑΓΩ
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-rah
Translations: hand, a hand
Notes: This word refers to a hand, the part of the body at the end of the arm. It can be used literally to denote the physical hand or metaphorically to represent power, authority, action, or control. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'in the hand of' to indicate possession or control.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G4448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poo-ROH-soh
Translations: I will burn, I will be burned, I will purify by fire, I will refine, I will be refined, I will be inflamed
Notes: This word describes the action of heating something with fire, often to purify or refine it, like metals. It can also mean to be inflamed or to cause something to glow with heat. In a figurative sense, it can refer to being tested or purified through trials, or to being consumed by strong emotions like anger or passion.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΦΛΟΓΙΖΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ
G2513
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ka-tha-RON
Translations: clean, pure, innocent, a clean thing, a pure thing
Notes: This word describes something that is free from dirt, defilement, or moral impurity. It can refer to physical cleanliness, ritual purity, or moral blamelessness. It is often used to describe things that are unmixed or unadulterated. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating its state of purity or cleanliness.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb καθαίρω (kathairō), meaning 'to cleanse' or 'to purify'.
G0544
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-pay-THOO-n-tahs
Translations: disobedient, rebellious, unbelieving, those who are disobedient, the disobedient ones
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to disobey' or 'to be disobedient'. It describes individuals who are characterized by disobedience, rebellion, or a lack of belief. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to 'the disobedient ones' or 'those who are disobedient'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΕΙΘΕΙΣ, ἈΠΙΣΤΟΙ
G0622
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-soh
Translations: I will destroy, I will perish, I will lose
Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollumi). It means 'I will destroy,' 'I will perish,' or 'I will lose.' It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollumi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose.' Depending on the context, it can refer to causing something to be ruined or brought to an end, or to oneself being ruined or lost.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ἀπόλλυμι (apollumi) is a compound verb derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollumi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose.' The prefix intensifies the meaning of the base verb.
G0851
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-feh-LOH
Translations: take away, remove, cut off, destroy
Notes: This word means to take away, remove, or cut off something. It is often used in the context of separating one thing from another, or causing something to cease to exist. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0459
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-no-moos
Translations: lawless, unrighteous, wicked, an unrighteous one, a lawless one
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without law, disobedient to the law, or acting contrary to the law. It can refer to individuals who are lawless or to actions that are unrighteous. In the provided examples, it is used to describe people who are lawless and treasures that are unjustly acquired.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἄνομος (anomos) is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'without' or 'not', and νόμος (nomos), meaning 'law'. Thus, it literally means 'without law' or 'lawless'.
G2186
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-is-TEE-soh
Translations: I will set, I will stand over, I will bring upon, I will cause to stand, I will appoint, I will come upon, I will be present
Notes: This word is a future active indicative form of the verb 'ephistēmi'. It means to set or place something upon, to stand over, or to bring something upon someone. It can also mean to come upon or be present, often with a sense of suddenness or authority. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of 'I will set my face against' or 'I will bring upon'.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ἘΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ἘΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἘΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.
G2923
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kree-TAS
Translations: judges, a judge
Notes: This word refers to a judge, an arbiter, or one who makes a decision. It is used to describe individuals who preside over legal cases or who are appointed to make judgments. It can also refer to leaders or rulers who exercise authority and judgment over a people.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΣ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, or separate'.
G4387
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron
Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing
Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)
Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G4823
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sym-BOO-loos
Translations: counselors, advisors, a counselor, an advisor
Notes: This word refers to individuals who provide counsel, advice, or guidance. It is used to describe people who serve as advisors or consultants, often in a formal or official capacity, such as in a government or legal setting. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βουλή' (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΟΣ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: AP
Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEES
Translations: of beginning, of rule, of origin, of first place, of first principle, of chief, of ruler
Notes: This word refers to a beginning, origin, or the first in a series. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or a ruler. In a sentence, it often indicates the source or starting point of something, or the person/thing in charge. It is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἀρχή'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: klee-THEH-see
Translations: you will be called, you will be named
Notes: This word means 'you will be called' or 'you will be named'. It is used to indicate a future state of being referred to by a particular name or title. For example, 'you will be called a prophet' or 'you will be called the city of righteousness'.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΣΘΗΣΗ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΘΗΣΗ
G1343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nays
Translations: of righteousness, of justice, of a righteousness, of a justice
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right, just, or righteous. It encompasses both the state of being right with God and the act of doing what is right. It is often used in a theological context to describe divine justice or human uprightness.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality.
G3388
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mee-tro-PO-lees
Translations: metropolis, a metropolis, mother city, capital city
Notes: This word refers to a 'mother city' or a 'capital city'. It is a compound word formed from 'μήτηρ' (mother) and 'πόλις' (city). In ancient times, it often referred to the founding city of a colony, or the chief city of a region or province. It can be used in sentences to describe a major urban center or the administrative heart of an area.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'μήτηρ' (mḗtēr, "mother") and 'πόλις' (pólis, "city"). It literally means "mother city" and was used to denote the chief city of a region or the founding city of a colony.
G2917
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-mah-tos
Translations: (of) judgment, (of) a judgment, (of) condemnation, (of) a condemnation, (of) decision, (of) a decision, (of) sentence, (of) a sentence
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or condemnation. It can denote the act of judging, the result of a judgment, or the sentence pronounced. It is often used in legal or moral contexts, referring to a divine or human verdict.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: so-THEE-seh-tai
Translations: will be saved, will be delivered, will be healed, will be preserved
Notes: This word means 'will be saved' or 'will be delivered'. It describes an action that will happen to someone or something, indicating that they will be brought to safety, health, or preservation. It is used to express future salvation, deliverance from danger, or recovery from illness.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ
G0005
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-SEE-ah
Translations: captivity, a captivity, exile, a state of being captive
Notes: This word refers to the state of being held captive, often in war, or the condition of exile. It describes the act of being taken prisoner or the period of time spent in such a state. It is a compound word derived from 'αἰχμή' (spear) and 'ἁλίσκομαι' (to be captured), literally meaning 'captured by the spear'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΤΕΙΑ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ἈΠΟΙΚΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΣΙΑ is a compound noun formed from αἰχμή (aichmē), meaning 'spear' or 'point of a spear', and the verbal root ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. Thus, it literally means 'capture by spear' or 'capture in war'.
G0846
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TES
Translations: (of) her, her, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a form of the third-person pronoun 'autos'. It is used to refer to a singular feminine noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from the context. It indicates possession or is used after prepositions that require the genitive case. For example, it could mean 'her' (as in 'her house') or 'of her'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G1654
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-leh-eh-mo-SYOO-nays
Translations: of mercy, of pity, of compassion, of alms, of charitable deeds
Notes: This word refers to the quality of mercy, pity, or compassion. It can also refer to the act of giving alms or performing charitable deeds, especially towards the poor or needy. In the provided examples, it is used in the context of righteous living and salvation.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΟΣ, ΟἸΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ
G4937
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-tree-BEE-son-tie
Translations: they will be broken, they will be crushed, they will be shattered, they will be bruised
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΤΡΙΒΩ (to rub, to wear out, to break). It means to break completely, to crush, to shatter, or to bruise. It is often used to describe the destruction of objects or the defeat of people, implying a thorough and forceful breaking.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΘΡΑΥΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ
G0268
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hah-mar-TOH-loy
Translations: sinners, the sinners
Notes: This word refers to people who are sinners, those who miss the mark or fail to meet a standard, especially in a moral or religious sense. It is often used to describe individuals who are morally corrupt or estranged from God due to their actions.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΙ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek word 'ἁμαρτάνω' (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin', combined with the suffix '-ωλός' (-ōlos), which indicates a person characterized by the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who sins' or 'sinful'.
G0260
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: AH-mah
Translations: at the same time, together, with, at once, simultaneously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'at the same time' or 'together'. It emphasizes simultaneity or togetherness of actions or people. It can also function as an improper preposition, taking the dative case, to mean 'together with' or 'with'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΥ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying 'together' or 'at the same time' in various Indo-European languages.
G1459
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eng-ka-ta-lee-PON-tes
Translations: those who abandon, those who forsake, those who leave behind
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to abandon' or 'to forsake'. It describes individuals who have left something or someone behind, often implying a sense of desertion or neglect. It is used to refer to a group of people who are in the act of abandoning or have abandoned something.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ
G4931
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-teh-les-theh-SOHN-tai
Translations: they will be completed, they will be finished, they will be accomplished, they will be brought to an end
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be completed,' 'to be finished,' or 'to be brought to an end.' It is used to describe an action that will be fully carried out or brought to its conclusion in the future. It implies a process reaching its final state or a task being fully accomplished.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΣΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ, ΠΛΗΡΩΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleō), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish.' Thus, it signifies completing something thoroughly or bringing it to a full conclusion.
G1360
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: dee-OH-tee
Translations: because, for, since
Notes: ΔΙΟΤΙ is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia, 'through, on account of') and the conjunction ΟΤΙ (hoti, 'that, because'). It is used to introduce a clause that provides the reason or cause for something stated in the main clause, similar to 'because' or 'for' in English. It explains why something is the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
G0153
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahee-skhoon-THEH-son-tahee
Translations: they will be ashamed, they will be put to shame, they will be disgraced
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be ashamed' or 'to be put to shame'. It is used to describe a state of embarrassment, disgrace, or humiliation that someone will experience in the future. It often implies a public or significant sense of shame.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ
G1497
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-DOH-lohn
Translations: of idols, of images, of false gods
Notes: This word refers to an idol, an image, or a false god. It is often used in contexts referring to pagan worship or objects of worship other than the true God. It is the genitive plural form of the noun, indicating possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to idols' or 'from idols'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΜΑΤΩΝ, ΕΙΚΟΝΩΝ
G0846
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G1014
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-BOO-lon-toh
Translations: they wished, they wanted, they desired
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βούλομαι' (boulomai), meaning 'to wish' or 'to want'. It describes an action or state of desiring something. It is used to express a strong inclination or intention, often implying a deliberate choice or purpose. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they wanted to go' or 'they wished to do it'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G0261
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ees-KHOON-thay-san
Translations: they were ashamed, they were put to shame, they were disgraced
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they were ashamed' or 'they were put to shame'. It describes a state of feeling shame or being disgraced, often due to a failure, a wrongdoing, or a humiliating situation. It is used to indicate that a group of people experienced this emotion or state.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ
G2780
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KEE-poys
Translations: to gardens, in gardens, for gardens
Notes: This word refers to a garden or an orchard. In its dative plural form, as seen in ΚΗΠΟΙΣ, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the location where an action takes place, often translated as 'to/for gardens' or 'in gardens'. It is a common term for a cultivated piece of land.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G1937
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-thyoo-MAY-san
Translations: they desired, they longed for, they coveted, they lusted after
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'epithymeō'. It means 'they desired' or 'they longed for' something with strong yearning or craving. It can also carry the negative connotation of 'they coveted' or 'they lusted after', depending on the context. It describes a past action of intense desire.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, toward') and θυμός (thymos, 'passion, soul, spirit'). It literally means 'to set one's passion upon' something.
G1510
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SON-tai
Translations: they will be, they shall be
Notes: This word is the third person plural future indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It signifies that a group of subjects will exist or will be in a particular state or condition at some point in the future. It is used to express future existence, identity, or a future state of being for multiple entities.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to the earliest stages of the Indo-European language family.
G5054
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: teh-reh-BIN-thos
Translations: terebinth, a terebinth, terebinth tree, oak, elm
Notes: This word refers to a terebinth tree, also known as a turpentine tree. It is a large, long-lived tree native to the Mediterranean region, often confused with or translated as an oak or elm in ancient texts due to its similar appearance or cultural significance. It is used in sentences to refer to the tree itself, often in descriptions of landscapes or as a landmark.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΡΥΣ, ΒΑΛΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΡΕΒΙΝΘΟΣ is of pre-Greek origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a Mediterranean substrate language.
G0654
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-po-vev-blee-KOO-ee-ah
Translations: having cast off, having thrown away, having lost, having rejected
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having cast off' or 'having thrown away'. It describes someone or something that has completed the action of casting off or losing something. It is used to modify a feminine singular noun in the nominative case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΡΙΨΑΣ, ἈΠΟΘΕΜΕΝΟΣ
G5444
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOOL-lah
Translations: leaves
Notes: This word refers to the leaves of a plant or tree. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple leaves. In a sentence, it would typically function as the subject or object, describing the foliage of vegetation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΛΟΝ (phyllon) comes from Proto-Indo-European *bʰol-yo-, meaning 'leaf'. It is related to words for 'leaf' in other Indo-European languages.
G3857
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pah-rah-DEH-ee-soss
Translations: paradise, a paradise, garden, a garden, park, a park
Notes: This word refers to a garden, an enclosed park, or a pleasure ground. It is often used to describe the Garden of Eden or, in a broader sense, the abode of the righteous after death, a place of bliss. It can be used in sentences to refer to a literal garden or a metaphorical paradise.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΠΟΣ, ΚΗΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word is a loanword from Old Iranian, specifically from Avestan 'pairi-daēza-' meaning 'enclosure, park'. It passed into Greek through Persian and was used to describe the walled hunting parks of Persian kings.
G5204
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OO-dor
Translations: water, a water
Notes: This word refers to water, the essential liquid substance. It can be used to denote drinking water, a body of water like a river or sea, or even metaphorically in a spiritual sense. It is a common noun used in various contexts where water is present or implied.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for water in many other Indo-European languages.
G2192
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-ohn
Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.
G1510
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, there will be
Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates that something 'will be' or 'shall be' in the future. It can refer to a person (he/she/it will be) or an impersonal existence (there will be).
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
G2479
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: iss-KHOOS
Translations: strength, power, might, force, ability, a strength, a power, a might
Notes: This word is a noun referring to strength, power, or might. It denotes inherent ability, physical or moral force, and capacity to act or endure. It can be used to describe the power of God, the strength of a nation, or the ability of an individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'ischys' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ischō' (to have strength, to be able). It refers to inherent strength or power.
G2563
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-LA-may
Translations: reed, stalk, straw, stubble
Notes: This word refers to a reed, stalk, or straw, often the dry remains of plants after harvest, such as stubble. It can be used to describe any hollow stem of a plant, like a cane or a stalk of grain. In a sentence, it might be used to describe something fragile, easily burned, or of little value, similar to how one might refer to 'straw' or 'stubble' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΑΜΟΣ, ΧΟΡΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΑΜΗ is derived from the Greek word ΚΑΛΑΜΟΣ (kalamos), which also means 'reed' or 'cane'. It refers to the stalk or stem of a plant.
G4751
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: stip-PYOO-oo
Translations: of tow, of flax, of oakum
Notes: This word refers to the coarse part of flax or hemp, often used for stuffing or as tinder. It describes something made of or resembling tow, which is the short, broken fibers removed during the processing of flax, hemp, or jute. It is typically used to describe something that is easily combustible or weak, like straw or stubble.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΑΜΗ, ΣΠΙΝΘΗΡΕΣ
G2039
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: er-ga-SEE-ai
Translations: work, a work, labor, business, activity, occupation
Notes: This word refers to work, labor, or any kind of activity or business. It can denote the act of working or the result of work. It is often used to describe human effort or occupation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ
G4745
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: spin-THEE-res
Translations: sparks, a spark
Notes: This word refers to small, glowing particles, typically produced by fire or friction. It is used to describe something that flashes or shines brightly, often in a fleeting manner. In a sentence, it might describe the appearance of light or the result of a fiery action.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΥΡΟΣ, ΦΩΣ
G2618
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-kow-theh-SOHN-tie
Translations: they will be burned up, they will be consumed by fire, they will be utterly destroyed by fire
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to burn down completely' or 'to consume by fire'. It is used to describe an action where something is entirely destroyed by burning. In the provided context, it refers to people being consumed by fire, often implying divine judgment or destruction.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΩ, ΕΚΚΑΙΩ, ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb ΚΑΙΩ (kaiō), meaning 'to burn'.
G4570
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: sveh-SOHN
Translations: quench, extinguish, put out, to quench, to extinguish, the one who quenches, a quencher
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who quenches' or 'the one who extinguishes'. It describes an action of putting out a fire, light, or even a feeling. It is often used in a substantive way, acting as a noun to refer to the person or thing performing the action of quenching.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΠΑΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word derives from the root 'σβέννυμι' (sbennymi), meaning 'to quench' or 'to extinguish'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek verb.
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