Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Against Apion / Book One / Chapter 13Book One, Chapter 13
Interlinear version from Josephus' Against Apion (Beta)
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G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHEH-reh
Translations: bring, carry, bear, lead, endure, produce, offer
Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'to bring' or 'to carry'. It can be used to command someone to bring something, to carry a burden, to lead someone, or even to endure something. It can also mean to produce fruit or to offer something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ
G5105
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOY-noon
Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G0515
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ax-ee-O-oon
Translations: to think worthy, to deem worthy, to consider worthy, to ask, to demand, to request
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to consider someone or something worthy, or to deem them deserving of something. It can also mean to ask for something as if by right, or to demand. It is often used in contexts where a person is requesting something with a sense of entitlement or a belief in their own worthiness.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΈΩ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. The verb form means 'to deem worthy' or 'to consider worthy'.
G5039
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tek-may-REE-oh
Translations: (to) a proof, (to) an evidence, (to) a sign
Notes: This word refers to a proof, evidence, or a sure sign that leads to a definite conclusion. It is used to indicate something that serves as a conclusive demonstration or a reliable indicator of a fact or truth. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'by means of a proof' or 'to a proof'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΑΠΟΔΕΙΞΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΚΜΗΡΙΟΝ (tekmērion) comes from the verb τεκμαίρομαι (tekmairomai), meaning 'to fix a limit, to determine, to judge by signs'. It is related to τέκμαρ (tekmar), meaning 'a fixed mark, a goal, an end'.
G5530
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai
Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of
Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1672
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: el-LAY-nohn
Translations: of the Greeks, Greeks
Notes: This word refers to people of Greek origin, culture, or language. It is used to distinguish them from other ethnic groups, such as Jews or Romans. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, as in 'the customs of the Greeks' or 'the land of the Greeks'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to 'Ἑλλάς' (Hellas), referring to Greece. It denotes a person from Greece or of Greek descent.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3820
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-LAI-on
Translations: old, ancient, former, an old thing, the old
Notes: This word describes something that is old, ancient, or belongs to a former time. It can refer to age, as in an old person or an old custom, or to something that existed previously, like a former covenant or an old way of life. It is often used to contrast with something new or recent.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word πάλαι (palai), meaning 'long ago' or 'formerly'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GEH-nos
Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind
Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MEE-then
Translations: nothing, anything, no one, anyone
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is used in contexts where a negative outcome or absence is emphasized, often in prohibitions or to express that something should not happen or exist. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΘΕΙΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2251
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-meh-TEH-raiss
Translations: our, to our, for our
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'belonging to us'. It is used to indicate possession by a group including the speaker. It functions similarly to the English word 'our', modifying a noun to show ownership or association.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ, ΗΜΕΤΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ (hēmeteros) is derived from the pronoun ἩΜΕΙ͂Σ (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from the first-person plural pronoun.
G0324
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-grah-FAIS
Translations: (to) records, (to) registers, (to) lists, (to) enrollments
Notes: This word refers to written records, registers, or lists, often of an official nature. It denotes a compilation of information, such as genealogies, public documents, or historical accounts. It is used to indicate the place or means by which information is formally recorded.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΓΟΙ
Etymology: The word ἀναγραφή (anagraphē) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'to write up' or 'to record'.
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-RAYS-thai
Translations: to have been said, to have been spoken, to have been told
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, but the subject of the action is passive, meaning something was said or spoken about them. It is often used in constructions where something is reported to have been said.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΛΑΛΗΣΘΑΙ, ΕΙΠΕΙΝ
G3780
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH-ee
Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not
Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.
G3843
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAN-tohs
Translations: certainly, by all means, altogether, surely, doubtless, absolutely, entirely, at any rate
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize certainty, totality, or necessity. It can be translated as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'by all means,' or 'altogether,' indicating that something is definitely true or will definitely happen. It can also mean 'at any rate' or 'in any case,' suggesting a minimum level of certainty or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΣΗ, ΠΑΝΤΗ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G2606
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-GEL-ohn
Translations: they laughed at, they ridiculed, they mocked
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, against') and the verb γελάω (gelao, 'to laugh'). It means to laugh at someone or something, often in a scornful or mocking way. It describes an action of derision or ridicule directed towards another.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ
Etymology: The verb καταγελάω (katagelao) is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb γελάω (gelao), meaning 'to laugh'. The compound verb intensifies the action of laughing, specifically directing it 'against' someone, thus implying ridicule or scorn.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tas
Translations: them, themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.
G3633
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-mahee
Translations: I think, I suppose, I imagine, I believe
Notes: This verb means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. It is often used parenthetically in a sentence, similar to how one might say 'I think' or 'I suppose' in English to express an opinion or a less certain statement.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word Οἴομαι (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-RAY-meh-nas
Translations: said, spoken, mentioned, referred to
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something that has been said or spoken. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and indicates a completed action from the perspective of the present. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the things that have been said'.
Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Plural, Perfect, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΑΣ, ΦΑΜΕΝΑΣ
G2892
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: koh-MEE-zon-tes
Translations: carrying, bringing, receiving, recovering, obtaining, those carrying, those bringing, those receiving, those recovering, those obtaining
Notes: This word is the masculine nominative or accusative plural present active participle of the verb ΚΟΜΙΖΩ. The verb means to carry, bring, or convey something. It can also mean to receive, obtain, or recover something, often implying a return or a reward. As a participle, it describes an action happening concurrently with the main verb, functioning adjectivally to describe the subject or object, or substantively as 'those who are carrying/bringing/receiving'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G0156
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ai-TEE-as
Translations: of cause, of reason, of charge, of accusation, of fault, of a cause, of a reason, of a charge, of an accusation, of a fault
Notes: This word refers to the cause or reason behind an event or action. It can also denote a charge or accusation, particularly in a legal or judicial context, indicating the grounds for a complaint or indictment. It is used to explain why something happened or to assign blame.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ἘΓΚΛΗΜΑ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3144
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAR-too-ras
Translations: witness, a witness, martyr, a martyr
Notes: This word refers to a witness, someone who testifies or gives evidence, often in a legal or public setting. It can also refer to someone who suffers for their beliefs, leading to the English word 'martyr'. It is used to describe a person who has seen or knows something and can provide an account of it.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡ, ΜΑΡΤΥΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G4139
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: play-see-o-KHO-roos
Translations: neighboring, adjacent, nearby, those nearby, the neighboring ones
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'neighboring' or 'adjacent'. It is a compound word formed from 'πλησίον' (near) and 'χώρα' (land, region). It describes something or someone that is located close to a particular place or person. For example, it could refer to 'neighboring lands' or 'people dwelling nearby'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΓΕΙΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΛΗΣΙΟΧΩΡΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: πλησίον (plēsion), meaning 'near' or 'nearby', and χώρα (chōra), meaning 'land', 'place', or 'region'.
G3930
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EI-khon-toh
Translations: they were providing, they were supplying, they were offering, they were presenting, they were showing, they were yielding
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, 'beside, from') and the verb ἔχω (echō, 'to have, to hold'). In the middle voice, it means 'to provide for oneself,' 'to furnish,' or 'to present oneself.' In the passive voice, it means 'to be provided' or 'to be supplied.' It describes an ongoing action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khai-O-tay-toss
Translations: of antiquity, of ancientness, of ancient times, of oldness
Notes: This word refers to the state or quality of being ancient or old. It denotes antiquity, ancientness, or the distant past. It is often used to describe things that belong to or are characteristic of ancient times, such as customs, traditions, or historical periods.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΝ
G2532, G1473
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: kah-GOH
Translations: and I, but I, I also, I too
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the conjunction "καὶ" (kai, meaning "and" or "but") and the first-person singular pronoun "ἐγώ" (egō, meaning "I"). It therefore means "and I" or "but I," often emphasizing the "I" or indicating that the speaker is also included in an action or statement. It functions as a subject pronoun.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
G3985
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pei-RAH-so-mai
Translations: I will try, I will attempt, I will test, I will tempt
Notes: This word is the first person singular future middle indicative form of the verb 'πειράζω'. It means 'I will try' or 'I will attempt', often with the nuance of trying something for oneself or making an effort. It can also mean 'I will test' or 'I will tempt', depending on the context.
Inflection: Future, Middle, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-in
Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.
G0007
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ai-GYP-tee-oys
Translations: (to) Egyptians, (for) Egyptians
Notes: This word refers to people from Egypt. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the Egyptians. It can function as an adjective describing something as Egyptian, or as a noun referring to the people themselves.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: From ΑἼΓΥΠΤΟΣ (Aigyptos), meaning 'Egypt'.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G5403
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOY-nix-ee
Translations: to Phoenicians, for Phoenicians, among Phoenicians
Notes: This word refers to the Phoenicians, an ancient Semitic-speaking people from the region of Phoenicia, which is modern-day Lebanon. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating 'to the Phoenicians,' 'for the Phoenicians,' or 'among the Phoenicians,' depending on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G3122
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-lis-TA
Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'
Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'
G1211
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: DAY
Translations: now, indeed, then, already, certainly, truly, come, go to
Notes: This word is an indeclinable particle used to give emphasis, urgency, or to mark a transition in discourse. It can express a sense of 'now' or 'already', or it can be used to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on' or 'go to'. It often adds a sense of immediacy or certainty to a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΓΕ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to emphasize or urge.
G5530
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KHRAY-soh-my
Translations: I will use, I will employ, I will deal with, I will consult
Notes: This word is the future tense form of the verb 'χράομαι', meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It indicates an action that will take place in the future. It often takes a dative object, meaning 'to use something' or 'to deal with someone/something'. It can also mean 'to consult' or 'to experience'.
Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΩ, ΧΡΗΣΘΗΣΟΜΑΙ
G3144
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAR-too-sin
Translations: to witnesses, for witnesses, by witnesses
Notes: This word refers to people who give testimony or bear witness to something. It is used in a context where multiple individuals are providing evidence or attesting to an event or fact. It is the dative plural form of the noun 'witness'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nos
Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose
Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G5579, G5578
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: PSEV-dee
Translations: false, untrue, lying, lies, falsehoods, a lie, an untruth
Notes: This word refers to something that is false, untrue, or a lie. As an adjective, it describes things that are not true or are deceptive. As a noun, it refers to falsehoods or lies themselves. It is often used in a plural sense to denote multiple untruths or deceptions.
Inflection: Neuter Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗ, ΑΠΑΤΗ, ΠΛΑΝΗ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3141
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mar-too-REE-an
Translations: testimony, a testimony, witness, evidence, a witness, a report
Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence, often given in a legal or formal context. It can also denote a report or a statement of facts. It is used to describe the act of bearing witness or the content of what is witnessed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ
G1225
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-BAL-lain
Translations: to slander, to accuse, to calumniate, to malign, to defame
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, 'through, across') and βάλλω (ballō, 'to throw'). It means to throw something across or through, metaphorically referring to throwing accusations or slanders against someone. It is used to describe the act of speaking falsely or maliciously about someone with the intent to harm their reputation.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΒΛΑΣΦΗΜΕΩ, ΣΥΚΟΦΑΝΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. Its meaning evolved from 'to throw across' to 'to throw accusations' or 'to slander'.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: doo-nee-THEN-tos
Translations: (of) having been able, (of) being able, (of) being powerful, (of) being strong
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been able' or 'being able'. It is derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), which means 'to be able', 'to be powerful', or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing a noun or verb, and indicates an action completed in the past (aorist) that was done to the subject (passive voice). It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΗΣΑΝΤΟΣ
G5316
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-EE-non-tai
Translations: they appear, they seem, they are seen, they shine
Notes: This word is a verb that means 'to appear,' 'to seem,' 'to be seen,' or 'to shine.' It is used to describe something becoming visible, evident, or manifest. It can also describe something giving light or being perceived in a certain way.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΦΑΙΝΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to shine' or 'to show.' It is related to words describing light, appearance, and manifestation.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G1418
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: doos-MEH-nohs
Translations: hostilely, with ill will, unfavorably, maliciously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in a hostile manner' or 'with ill will'. It describes an action performed with animosity or antagonism. It is often used to describe how someone feels or acts towards another person, indicating a negative disposition or opposition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΩΣ, ΚΑΚΩΣ
G1303
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-THEN-tes
Translations: having been disposed, having been arranged, having been appointed, having been covenanted
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle of the verb 'διατίθημι' (diatithēmi), meaning 'to dispose, arrange, appoint, or covenant'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that has undergone the action of being disposed or arranged. It can also function adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action. In the context of a covenant, it refers to something that has been formally established or agreed upon.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΕΣΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: koy-NEE
Translations: common, public, shared, a common thing, a public thing, (to) common, (to) public, (to) shared
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'common,' 'public,' or 'shared.' It describes something that belongs to or is accessible by all, rather than being private or individual. It can be used to describe things, ideas, or even people who are part of a general group.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Dative
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G0537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PAN-tes
Translations: all, everyone, the whole, every
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'everyone'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of a group or thing, often translated as 'all without exception' or 'the whole of'. It can be used to describe people or things.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ
Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The combination emphasizes the sense of 'all' or 'the whole' in a comprehensive manner.
G0007
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ay-GYP-tee-oy
Translations: Egyptians, an Egyptian
Notes: This word refers to the people of Egypt, or something pertaining to Egypt. It is used to describe individuals or groups originating from or associated with the land of Egypt.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative
Etymology: From ΑἼΓΥΠΤΟΣ (Aígyptos, "Egypt").
G5403
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foy-nee-KOHN
Translations: (of) palm trees, (of) palm branches, (of) Phoenicians, (of) purple
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΦΟΙΝΙΞ'. It can refer to palm trees or palm branches, often associated with victory or celebration. It can also refer to the Phoenician people, or to the color purple, which was famously produced in Phoenicia.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΩΝ, ΦΟΙΝΙΚΕΣ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G5184
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: TOO-ree-oy
Translations: Tyrians, people of Tyre, a Tyrian
Notes: This word refers to inhabitants of the ancient Phoenician city of Tyre. It is used to describe people originating from or associated with Tyre. In the provided examples, it functions as a collective noun referring to the people of Tyre.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Τύρος (Tyros), the name of the city of Tyre.
G3305
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN-toy
Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly
Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.
G5466
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khal-DAI-ohn
Translations: of the Chaldeans
Notes: This word refers to the Chaldeans, an ancient people who inhabited Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. They were known for their wisdom, particularly in astrology and divination. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of the Chaldeans' or 'the land of the Chaldeans'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΔΑΙΟΣ (Chaldaios) is derived from the Hebrew word Kasdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), which refers to the inhabitants of Chaldea. It entered Greek through various ancient contacts.
G3765
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ook-EH-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).
G846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: tow-TOO
Translations: the same, the same thing, it
Notes: This word is a contraction of the neuter singular definite article 'τὸ' (to) and the pronoun/adjective 'αὐτὸ' (auto), meaning 'the same' or 'it'. It is used to refer to something previously mentioned, emphasizing its identity or sameness. It can function as a pronoun meaning 'the same thing' or as an adjective modifying a neuter noun, meaning 'the same'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAI-meen
Translations: I might be able, I could, I might be strong, I might have power
Notes: This word means 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is often used to express possibility, potential, or a wish, particularly in the optative mood. It describes the capacity or capability of someone to do something.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Optative Mood, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ
Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the Greek root δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: LEH-gayn
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to say' or 'the act of saying'. It can be used in various constructions where an action is expressed as a concept or purpose.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΕΙΝ, ΦΗΜΙ
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-NOOS
Translations: of race, of kind, of family, of nation, of offspring, of stock
Notes: This word refers to a group of people sharing common ancestry, characteristics, or origin. It can also refer to a species, type, or class of things. It is often used to describe a lineage, a people group, or a category.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G0747
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEH-goy
Translations: leaders, princes, authors, founders, originators, pioneers
Notes: This word refers to those who are at the forefront, initiating or leading something. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule', and 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead'. Therefore, it literally means 'one who leads from the beginning' or 'one who is the first leader'. It is used to describe individuals who are the source, cause, or originator of something, or those who hold a position of authority and leadership.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ
G2525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-thes-TAY-ka-sin
Translations: they have been appointed, they have been established, they have been set up, they have been constituted
Notes: This word is the third person plural perfect active indicative form of the verb καθίστημι (kathistēmi). It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It means that a group of people or things have been appointed, established, or set in a particular position or state.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΟΙ ΕΙΣΙΝ, ΓΕΓΟΝΑΣΙΝ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G4772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soong-GEH-ni-an
Translations: kinship, a kinship, relationship, a relationship, family, a family, kindred, a kindred
Notes: This word refers to the state of being related by blood or marriage, encompassing concepts such as kinship, family, or kindred. It denotes a connection between individuals based on shared lineage or marital ties.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G3421
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mnay-mo-NEH-oo-sin
Translations: they remember, they mention, they make mention, they are mindful
Notes: This word means to remember, to be mindful of, or to make mention of something or someone. It is often used to describe the act of recalling past events or keeping someone in one's thoughts. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'they remember the covenant' or 'they make mention of his name'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PIS-tays
Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief
Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can describe a conviction about the truth of something, especially in a religious context, or the act of trusting in someone or something. It can also denote faithfulness or reliability. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of 'faith' or 'trust'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ
G3930
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-RAS-khoh
Translations: I may provide, I may grant, I may furnish, I may give, I may offer
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, "beside, from") and the verb ἔχω (echō, "to have, to hold"). It means to provide, grant, furnish, or give something, often with the sense of presenting it from oneself or from one's side. It is used in contexts where one is offering or making something available.
Inflection: First person singular, Aorist Active Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOH-teh
Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).
G4863
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: syng-grah-FEH-ohn
Translations: of a writer, of writers, of an author, of authors
Notes: This word refers to a writer, author, or historian. It is used to denote someone who composes or records written works. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to a writer' or 'from writers'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΗΤΗΣ, ΛΟΓΟΓΡΑΦΟΣ
G0661
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-FAH-noh
Translations: I will declare, I will show, I will make known, I will reveal
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to declare', 'to show', or 'to make known'. It is used to express the act of revealing or bringing something into the open, often in a formal or public manner. It implies a clear and definitive statement or demonstration.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ
G3420
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MNEE-main
Translations: remembrance, memory, a remembrance, a memory
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of memory or the act of remembering. It can denote a recollection, a memorial, or the state of being remembered. It is often used in contexts relating to recalling past events, people, or divine acts.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΝΕΙΑ, ΑΝΑΜΝΗΣΙΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: peh-poy-ee-KO-tas
Translations: having made, having done, those who have made, those who have done
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed in the past. In this form, it refers to 'those who have made' or 'those who have done' something, often implying a completed action with ongoing results.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'poieō' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, used to express a wide range of actions related to creation, performance, and accomplishment.
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G3366
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TEE
Translations: still, yet, further, more
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating continuation in time or degree. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something that is ongoing or has not happened yet. It can also mean 'further' or 'more' when adding to something or indicating an additional quantity or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ, ἘΤΙΔΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti 'beyond, further'. It is related to Latin et 'and, also'.
G4392
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRO-pha-sin
Translations: pretext, a pretext, excuse, a excuse, occasion, a occasion, appearance, a appearance
Notes: This word refers to a pretext, an excuse, or a false appearance used to conceal the true motive or reason for an action. It can also mean an occasion or opportunity. It is often used in contexts where someone is seeking a reason or justification, often disingenuous, to do something.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΙΑ, ΠΡΟΚΑΛΥΜΜΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G0940
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: bas-KAI-non-tes
Translations: bewitching, enchanting, casting an evil eye upon, envying, slandering
Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine or feminine, nominative or accusative plural of the verb 'baskainō'. It refers to the act of bewitching, enchanting, or casting an evil eye upon someone, often implying a malevolent influence or envy. It can also mean to slander or speak ill of someone out of envy. It describes those who are performing such an action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΘΟΝΕΩ, ΕΠΙΦΘΟΝΕΩ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh-sin
Translations: may have, might have, may hold, might hold, may possess, might possess
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. It is used to indicate ownership, possession, or a state of being. As a subjunctive form, it often expresses possibility, desire, or purpose, translating as 'may have' or 'might have' in English.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-tee-loh-GEE-as
Translations: of contradiction, of dispute, of opposition, of rebellion
Notes: This word refers to a contradiction, dispute, or opposition. It can also denote rebellion or resistance. It is often used in contexts where there is a verbal or intellectual disagreement, or a challenge to authority.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΝΤΙΘΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀντιλογία (antilogía), from ἀντιλέγω (antilégō, “I speak against”), from ἀντί (antí, “against”) + λέγω (légō, “I say, I speak”).
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G2298
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: thav-mas-TOOS
Translations: wonderful, marvelous, amazing
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something or someone as wonderful, marvelous, or amazing. It is often used to express admiration or awe. In this form, it would modify masculine plural nouns in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΣΙΟΣ, ΕΚΠΛΗΚΤΟΣ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AHN-dras
Translations: men, a man, husbands, a husband
Notes: This word refers to adult males, men, or husbands. It is often used in contrast to women or children, or to denote a person of authority or maturity. It can also refer to a human being in general, but typically emphasizes the male gender.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΡΣΗΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3930
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-es-KHEE-ka-men
Translations: we have provided, we have offered, we have presented, we have granted, we have caused
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to provide,' 'to offer,' 'to present,' 'to grant,' or 'to cause.' It is formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from,' and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.' In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present, often implying that something has been made available or given.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ
G3634
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: OY-on
Translations: such as, of what kind, what sort of, as, like, a such thing, a what sort of thing
Notes: ΟΙΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΟΙΟΣ. It is used to introduce a comparison, meaning 'such as' or 'as', or to ask about the quality or nature of something, meaning 'of what kind' or 'what sort of'. It can also function as a demonstrative, referring to something of a specific kind.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΙΑ, ΟΙΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (this) or the interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ (who, what).
G5078
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEKH-nohn
Translations: of arts, of skills, of crafts, of trades, of works
Notes: This word refers to an art, skill, craft, or trade. It can also refer to the product of such skill, a work or device. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of arts' or 'of skills'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΜΑΤΩΝ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nohn
Translations: of some, of certain, of any, of some one, of a certain one
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis), meaning 'some,' 'any,' or 'certain.' It is used to refer to an unspecified number of people or things, often implying an unknown or unmentioned group. It can be translated as 'of some,' 'of certain ones,' or 'of any.'
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΝΙΩΝ, ΤΙΝΕΣ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-REH-tas
Translations: finders, inventors, discoverers
Notes: This word refers to individuals who find, invent, or discover something. It is used to describe someone who originates or brings something new into existence, such as a new art, skill, or idea. In the provided context, it refers to men who are inventors of arts or distinguished by wisdom.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΦΕΥΡΕΤΗΣ, ΚΤΙΣΤΗΣ
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G4678
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-FEE-ah
Translations: wisdom, a wisdom
Notes: This word refers to wisdom, which is the quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgment. It often implies practical insight and skill in living, or divine wisdom. It is used as a feminine noun in sentences.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΝΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'skill' or 'cleverness', evolving to mean 'wisdom' or 'prudence'.
G1308
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-FEH-ron-tas
Translations: differing, excelling, surpassing, carrying through, being better, being more important
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'διαφέρω' (diapherō), meaning 'to carry through, to differ, to excel, to be superior'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is currently differing, excelling, or being superior. It is often used to describe individuals or things that stand out or are distinguished by a particular quality.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word διαφέρω (diapherō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. This combination gives rise to meanings related to carrying through, carrying apart, or distinguishing oneself.
G2674
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-rith-MEH-ee
Translations: to count, to number, to include in a number, to be reckoned among
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'ἀριθμέω' (arithmeō), meaning 'to count' or 'to number'. It means to count or number someone or something, often with the implication of including them in a specific group or list, or to reckon them among others. It is used to describe the act of being counted or enrolled.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ (arithmeō), meaning 'to count' or 'to number'.
G4951
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soh-KRAH-tayn
Translations: Socrates
Notes: This is the name of the famous Athenian philosopher, Socrates. He is known for his contributions to Western philosophy, particularly his method of inquiry known as the Socratic method. In ancient Greek, proper nouns like this are inflected according to their grammatical role in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Socrates is of Greek origin, meaning 'safe power' or 'whole power'. It is derived from the elements σῶς (sōs, 'safe, whole') and κράτος (kratos, 'power, might').
G2203
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ZAY-no-nah
Translations: Zeno
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Zeno, a common Greek name. It most famously refers to Zeno of Citium, the founder of Stoicism, or Zeno of Elea, known for his paradoxes. It is used as the direct object in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Zeno is of Greek origin, derived from the name of the god Zeus. It means 'gift of Zeus' or 'belonging to Zeus'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kleh-AN-thayn
Translations: Cleanthes
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Cleanthes, a prominent Stoic philosopher who succeeded Zeno of Citium as the head of the Stoic school in Athens. He is known for his Hymn to Zeus and for his contributions to Stoic physics and ethics.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OO-tooss
Translations: such, such a kind, such as these, such people
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to persons or things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context. It describes the quality or nature of something, indicating that it is of the type or character just described or understood.
Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the correlative particle 'τοῖος' (such).
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nas
Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things
Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
G1899
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EYE-tah
Translations: then, next, afterward, moreover, besides, also
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate sequence in time or logic. It can mean 'then' or 'next' when referring to a subsequent event or action. It can also be used to introduce an additional point, meaning 'furthermore' or 'besides'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙΤΑ, ἘΠΕΙ
Etymology: From the Koine Greek word ἘΠΕΙ (epei), meaning 'when, since'.
G2297
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: thav-mah-see-OH-tah-ton
Translations: most wonderful, most marvelous, most amazing, most admirable
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'wonderful' or 'marvelous'. It describes something as being the most wonderful, amazing, or admirable of its kind. It is often used to emphasize an extraordinary quality or event.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Superlative
Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ΘΑΥΜΑΤΟΥΡΓΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G2046
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: ee-RAY-may-noys
Translations: spoken, said, what has been said, things said, words spoken
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'to speak' or 'to say'. It describes something that has already been spoken or said. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the things that have been said' or 'the words spoken'. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative plural, indicating 'to/for the things that have been said'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΦΑΝΕΝΟΙΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ahf-TON
Translations: himself, herself, itself, themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, or themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject. For example, 'he saw himself'. It can be used for singular or plural subjects.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝ
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-TIH-thee-see
Translations: adds, increases, gives, puts to, joins to, adds to, puts beside
Notes: This word means to add, to put to, or to increase. It is often used in the sense of adding something to an existing quantity or joining one thing to another. For example, it can describe adding days to one's life or adding friends to one's circle.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3106
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mah-kah-REE-zei
Translations: blesses, pronounces blessed, calls blessed, considers blessed
Notes: This word means to bless or to consider someone blessed. It is used to express the idea of declaring someone fortunate or happy, often in a religious or spiritual context. It can be used in sentences like 'He blesses the poor' or 'They consider him blessed'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΕΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ
G2212
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dree-an
Translations: Alexandria
Notes: This word refers to Alexandria, a famous ancient city in Egypt, founded by Alexander the Great. It was a major center of Hellenistic culture, trade, and learning, known for its great library and lighthouse. In Koine Greek texts, it is often used to indicate movement towards or into the city, or as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OO-ton
Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-ei
Translations: he has, she has, it has, he holds, she holds, it holds, he possesses, she possesses, it possesses
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. It is used to indicate ownership, possession, or a state of being. For example, it can describe someone having an object, a quality, or a particular condition.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G4177
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-LEE-tayn
Translations: citizen, a citizen, fellow citizen
Notes: This word refers to a citizen or an inhabitant of a city or country. It can also refer to a fellow citizen or compatriot. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΤΗΣ
G1163
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DEH-ee
Translations: it was necessary, it had to be, it behooved, one had to
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it was necessary' or 'it had to be'. It describes something that was obligatory, proper, or destined to happen. It is often used to express a divine or moral necessity, or what was fitting or appropriate in a given situation. It typically takes an infinitive or a clause as its subject.
Inflection: Impersonal, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Etymology: The word ΔΕΙ (dei) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₁- meaning 'to put, to place'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'it is necessary' or 'it is binding'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3144
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mar-TOO-ross
Translations: of a witness, of a martyr, of a testimony
Notes: This word refers to someone who bears witness or gives testimony, often in a legal or formal context. Over time, it also came to signify someone who suffers or dies for their beliefs, particularly in a religious sense, leading to the English word 'martyr'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, as in 'the testimony of a witness' or 'the blood of a martyr'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO
Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.
Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-loys
Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-pah-sin
Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate that something applies to or is given to a group of people or things without exception. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'to all people' or 'for all things'.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ
G3793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: okh-lah-go-GOS
Translations: mob-leader, demagogue, agitator, a mob-leader, a demagogue, an agitator
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ὄχλος' (ochlos), meaning 'crowd' or 'mob', and 'ἀγωγός' (agogos), meaning 'leading' or 'leader'. Therefore, an 'ochlagogos' is someone who leads or stirs up a crowd, often in a negative sense, implying manipulation or agitation. It refers to a person who incites or guides a mob, typically for political or social purposes.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΑΓΩΓΟΣ, ΣΤΑΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of Ancient Greek ὄχλος (ókhlos, “crowd, mob”) and ἀγωγός (agōgós, “leader”), from ἄγω (ágō, “to lead”).
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay
Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-NEE-ros
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, malicious, harmful, worthless, a wicked person, the evil one
Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or bad. It can refer to moral depravity, harmfulness, or worthlessness. It is often used to describe people who are morally corrupt or actions that are harmful. When used substantively, it can refer to 'the evil one,' often understood as the devil.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The word is derived from πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil, labor, suffer,' suggesting something that causes toil or suffering, hence 'evil' or 'painful.'
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G0979
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bee-OH
Translations: live, pass one's life, spend one's life
Notes: This word means to live, to pass one's life, or to spend one's life. It refers to the act of existing and conducting one's life. It is often used to describe the duration or manner of one's existence.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Subjunctive; or First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative (rare); or a component in compound words related to life.
Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΖΩΟΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: From the noun βίος (bios), meaning 'life'. The verb βιόω is derived from this noun, indicating the act of living.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LO-go
Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
G1311
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: dee-ef-thar-MEH-nos
Translations: corrupted, ruined, destroyed, depraved, a corrupted one, a ruined one
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'διαφθείρω' (diaphtheiro). It describes something or someone that has been thoroughly corrupted, ruined, or morally depraved. It indicates a state of complete destruction or moral decay, often implying a process that has been completed.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΦΘΑΡΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΞΩΛΗΣ
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G1503
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ee-ko-TOS
Translations: rightly, reasonably, justly, naturally, probably, with good reason
Notes: This adverb means 'rightly' or 'reasonably', indicating that something is done with good cause or is to be expected. It is used to express that an action or statement is fitting, proper, or logical given the circumstances.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΣ, ΟΡΘΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ
G1653
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-leh-AY-sai
Translations: to have mercy, to show pity, to be merciful
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἐλεέω' (eleeō), meaning 'to have mercy' or 'to show pity'. It describes the act of extending compassion or kindness to someone in need or distress. As an infinitive, it often functions as a verbal noun, indicating the purpose or result of an action, or as the object of another verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb 'ἐλεέω' (eleeō) is derived from the noun 'ἔλεος' (eleos), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'. It is related to the concept of compassion felt for another's suffering.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G1487
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eye-PER
Translations: if indeed, if perhaps, since, seeing that
Notes: This word is a compound conjunction formed from εἰ (if) and περ (indeed, very). It is used to introduce a conditional clause, often implying that the condition is true or likely to be true, or to emphasize the certainty of the condition. It can also convey a sense of 'since' or 'seeing that' when the condition is presented as a known fact.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ, ἘΑΝ
Etymology: From the Greek conjunction εἰ (if) and the particle περ (indeed, very).
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gah
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large
Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.
G5426
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PHROH-neh-ee
Translations: was thinking, was minding, was setting one's mind on, was being minded, was understanding, was considering
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone 'was thinking,' 'was minding,' or 'was setting their mind on' something. It often implies a continuous state of mind, attitude, or way of thinking.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΔΙΑΝΟΕΟΜΑΙ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DROHN
Translations: of men
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), which means 'man' or 'husband'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of men' or 'belonging to men'. It is used to refer to adult males collectively.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'man'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ge-go-NO-ton
Translations: of those who have become, of those who have happened, of those who have been, of things that have happened, of things that have been done
Notes: This word is the genitive plural perfect participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to be.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of becoming or happening. In this form, it refers to 'of those who have become/happened' or 'of things that have happened/been done,' often implying a completed state or event.
Inflection: Perfect, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΝΤΩΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to the English word 'kin' and 'genesis'.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEH-nos
Translations: of no one, of nothing, of none, of not any
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the negative indefinite pronoun/adjective meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is used to express the absence or non-existence of something or someone, often translated as 'of no one' or 'of nothing' when indicating possession or relationship. It can modify a noun or stand on its own.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝΟΣ
G2276
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: HET-ton
Translations: less, worse, inferior, a less (thing)
Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and an adjective, meaning 'less' or 'worse'. As an adverb, it modifies verbs or other adverbs, indicating a lesser degree. As an adjective, it describes nouns, meaning 'inferior' or 'lesser'. It is the comparative form of 'bad' or 'little'.
Inflection: Comparative, Does not inflect for gender or case when used adverbially. When used adjectivally, it can inflect for gender, number, and case (e.g., ΗΤΤΟΝΑ in the example is Accusative Singular).
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΧΕΙΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἧττον (hētton) is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective ἥσσων (hēssōn), meaning 'less, worse, weaker'. It is often used adverbially. Its ultimate origin is uncertain but is related to the concept of being 'less' or 'inferior'.
G1868
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-PAI-noo
Translations: of praise, of commendation, of approval
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἔπαινος' (epainos), meaning 'praise,' 'commendation,' or 'approval.' It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated with 'of' in English, such as 'of praise' or 'of commendation.' It can also imply the object or source of praise.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΞΗΣ, ΕΥΛΟΓΙΑΣ, ΤΙΜΗΣ
Etymology: From 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and 'αἶνος' (ainos), meaning 'praise' or 'story.' The word literally means 'praise upon' or 'additional praise,' conveying the idea of commendation or approval.
G5177
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TÜNG-kha-nin
Translations: to obtain, to happen, to meet, to attain, to chance, to be
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to obtain' or 'to happen upon' something. It can also mean 'to meet' someone or 'to attain' a goal. In some contexts, it can simply mean 'to be' or 'to chance to be' in a certain state or place. It often implies an element of chance or fortune in obtaining or encountering something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. In ancient Greek, it is related to words meaning 'to hit a mark' or 'to fall upon'.
G0514, G0516
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: ax-ee-OHN
Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, suitable, to deem worthy, to consider worthy, to ask, to request, to expect, to think fit, of worthy ones, of those who are worthy
Notes: This word can function as a verb or an adjective. As a verb (from ἀξιόω), it means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to expect.' As an adjective (from ἄξιος), it means 'worthy,' 'deserving,' 'fitting,' or 'suitable.' The form 'ἈΞΙΩΝ' can be a present active participle (nominative masculine singular) of the verb 'ἀξιόω', meaning 'deeming worthy' or 'asking'. It can also be the genitive plural (masculine, feminine, or neuter) of the adjective 'ἄξιος', meaning 'of worthy ones' or 'of those who are worthy'. Its meaning depends on the context.
Inflection: Present Active Participle (Nominative, Masculine, Singular) or Genitive Plural (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-sah-sin
Translations: they know, they understand
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes an action performed by a group of people, indicating that 'they' possess knowledge or comprehension of something. It is used in sentences where a subject (plural) is stated to have knowledge.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The root word ΟΙΔΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that results from a past act of seeing or perceiving.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khai-oh-loh-GHEE-ais
Translations: (to) archaeologies, (to) ancient histories, (to) antiquities
Notes: This word refers to the study of ancient things, ancient history, or antiquities. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀρχαῖος' (archaios), meaning 'ancient' or 'old', and '-λογία' (-logia), meaning 'study' or 'discourse'. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or object of an action related to these subjects, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
G1793
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: en-TOONG-kha-non-tes
Translations: interceding, appealing, entreating, meeting, encountering, falling in with
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are interceding' or 'those who are appealing'. It describes an ongoing action of meeting with someone, often with the purpose of making an appeal or intercession on behalf of another. It can also simply mean to meet or encounter someone.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ
Etymology: The word ἘΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen upon', 'to obtain', or 'to meet'. Thus, it literally means 'to happen upon in' or 'to meet with'.
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