2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2322

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-rah-PEH-yah

Translations: healing, a healing, service, a service, cure, a cure, worship, a worship

Notes: This word refers to the act of healing, curing, or providing medical treatment. It can also denote service, attendance, or care, particularly in a religious context, referring to the worship or service of God. Its meaning depends on the context, ranging from physical restoration to spiritual devotion.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΑΣΙΣ, ΥΓΕΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θεραπεύω (therapeuō), meaning 'to serve, attend, heal'. It is related to θεράπων (therapōn), meaning 'attendant, servant'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ed-REH-oo-on-tas

Translations: attending, serving, waiting on, giving attention to

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'attending' or 'serving'. It describes someone who is continuously or habitually engaged in a service or attendance, often with a sense of devotion or close application. It implies a steady and diligent presence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΔΡΕΥΩ is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and ἑδρεύω (hedreuo), meaning 'to sit' or 'to be seated'. Thus, it literally means 'to sit towards' or 'to sit near', implying close attendance or devotion.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-TEE-san

Translations: they appointed, they established, they set, they put, they made

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to appoint, establish, set, or put someone or something in a particular position or state. It is often used in contexts where authority is given or a structure is put in place. For example, it can describe appointing officials, establishing laws, or setting up a system. It is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb καθίστημι.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Together, they convey the sense of setting something down firmly or establishing it.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

G0026

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-MIK-ton

Translations: unmixed, unmingled, pure, unadulterated, without admixture

Notes: This word describes something that is not mixed or mingled with anything else. It implies a state of purity or being unadulterated. It can be used to describe substances, qualities, or even people, indicating a lack of contamination or foreign elements.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ, ΑΜΟΛΥΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΙΚΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (α-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verb μίγνυμι (mignymi) meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'. Thus, it literally means 'unmixed' or 'not mixed'.

G2513

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-tha-RON

Translations: clean, pure, innocent, a clean thing, a pure thing

Notes: This word describes something that is free from dirt, defilement, or moral impurity. It can refer to physical cleanliness, ritual purity, or moral blamelessness. It is often used to describe things that are unmixed or unadulterated. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating its state of purity or cleanliness.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb καθαίρω (kathairō), meaning 'to cleanse' or 'to purify'.

G4306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proo-no-EE-san

Translations: they provided, they took thought, they foresaw, they took care

Notes: This word means to provide for, to take thought for, to foresee, or to take care of something or someone. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'for', and the verb νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a group of people, emphasizing their foresight or provision.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word προνοέω (pronoéō) is derived from the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'for', and the verb νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive', 'to think', or 'to understand'. It literally means 'to think beforehand' or 'to perceive in advance', leading to the sense of providing or taking care.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G3348

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-TEH-khon-tah

Translations: participating, sharing, partaking, having a share, one who participates, those who participate

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μετέχω', meaning 'to share in', 'to partake of', or 'to participate in' something. It describes someone or something that is actively involved in or receiving a portion of an action or state. It is often followed by a genitive case to indicate what is being shared or participated in.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΕΧΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2406

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roh-SOO-nays

Translations: of priesthood, of the priesthood, of a priesthood, of priestly office, of the priestly office, of a priestly office

Notes: This word refers to the office, dignity, or function of a priest, or the entire body of priests. It describes the state or condition of being a priest, or the sacred duties associated with that role. It is used to speak about the institution of the priesthood or a specific priestly office.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΑΤΕΙΑ, ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἱερός (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns indicating a state or condition. Thus, it literally means 'the state of being sacred' or 'the state of being a priest'.

G3662

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-mo-ETH-noos

Translations: of the same nation, of the same race, of the same people

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'of the same nation' or 'of the same race'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὁμός' (homos), meaning 'same', and 'ἔθνος' (ethnos), meaning 'nation' or 'people'. It is used to describe someone or something that belongs to the same ethnic group or nationality as another.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΜΦΥΛΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΕΘΝΗΣ is a compound of the Greek words ὁμός (homos), meaning 'same', and ἔθνος (ethnos), meaning 'nation' or 'people'.

G3816

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: py-doh-poy-EYE-sthai

Translations: to beget children, to have children, to procreate

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to beget or have children. It is often used in the middle voice, implying the act of having children for oneself or for one's family. It describes the process of procreation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΠΟΙΕΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two elements: παῖς (pais), meaning 'child', and ποιέω (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. Thus, it literally means 'to make children'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G0236

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: al-LAS

Translations: change, exchange, alter, transform, substitute

Notes: This verb means to change, alter, or exchange something. It can be used to describe a physical transformation, a change in circumstances, or the act of substituting one thing for another. It is often used in the middle voice (ἈΛΛΆΣΣΟΜΑΙ) to mean 'to be changed' or 'to exchange for oneself'.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΆΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΊΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From ἌΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other'. The verb signifies making something 'other' than it was.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MAS

Translations: honors, values, prices, dignities

Notes: This word is the plural form of the noun 'ΤΙΜΗ' (timē), which means honor, value, price, or dignity. It refers to the esteem, respect, or worth attributed to someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or a position of honor. In its plural form, it often refers to multiple instances of honor, privileges, or valuations.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to honor'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G1839

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-eh-TAH-zayn

Translations: to examine, to investigate, to inquire, to question, to scrutinize

Notes: This word means to examine, investigate, or question something or someone thoroughly. It implies a careful and detailed scrutiny, often with the purpose of discovering the truth or making a judgment. It can be used in contexts of legal inquiry, philosophical debate, or general inspection.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐξετάζω (exetázō), a compound of ἐκ (ek, "out of") and ἐτάζω (etázō, "to examine, test"). It literally means "to examine out" or "to test thoroughly."

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lam-BAH-non-tah

Translations: taking, receiving, seizing, getting, obtaining, accepting, grasping, laying hold of, one who takes, those who take

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'taking' or 'receiving'. It describes an ongoing action of taking or receiving something. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'the one who takes' or 'those who take'. It is often used in contexts of acquiring, accepting, or grasping something, whether literally or figuratively.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1243

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-dokh-EEN

Translations: succession, a succession, sequence, a sequence

Notes: This word refers to a succession, a sequence, or a taking over from another. It is used to describe the act of following in order or sequence, often in a position of authority or responsibility. For example, one might speak of the succession of kings or the sequence of events.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΟΧΟΣ, ΔΙΑΔΟΧΗ

Etymology: The word "διαδοχή" (diadochē) comes from the Greek verb "διαδέχομαι" (diadechomai), meaning "to receive in turn" or "to succeed." It is formed from "διά" (dia), meaning "through" or "across," and "δέχομαι" (dechomai), meaning "to receive."

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: par-ekh-OH-men-on

Translations: providing, presenting, furnishing, causing, giving, a providing, a presenting, a furnishing, a causing, a giving

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō). It means 'providing', 'presenting', 'furnishing', 'causing', or 'giving'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be used to describe someone or something that is in the act of providing or presenting something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G4953

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SYS-tay-ma

Translations: system, a system, assembly, a body, a company, a group, a collection

Notes: This word refers to a system, an organized whole, or a collection of things or people forming a unified body. It can describe a group of individuals, such as a company or an assembly, or a structured arrangement of elements. For example, it might be used to refer to a 'system of government' or a 'body of people'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΣΥΣΤΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb συνίστημι (synistēmi), meaning 'to stand together' or 'to combine'. It is formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-kree-BES

Translations: accurate, exact, precise, strict, careful, diligent, a careful, an accurate

Notes: This word describes something that is accurate, exact, or precise. It can refer to a careful or diligent person, or to something done with great care and attention to detail. It is often used to emphasize the thoroughness or exactness of a measurement, observation, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΙΒΗΣ, ΕΞΑΚΡΙΒΩΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΚΡΙΒΩΣ

Etymology: The word "ἀκριβής" (akribēs), from which "ἀκριβές" is derived, is thought to come from the Greek prefix "ἀ-" (a-), meaning 'very' or 'intensive,' and "κρίβος" (kribos), which is related to 'judgment' or 'discernment.' Thus, it implies a very precise or discerning quality.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-SOH-zeh-tai

Translations: is saved, is preserved, is kept safe

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb σῴζω (sōzō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve'. In its passive form, it means 'to be saved', 'to be preserved', or 'to be kept safe'. It describes an action where something or someone is rescued or maintained in a state of safety or existence.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nays

Translations: of the inhabited earth, of the world, of the Roman Empire, of the inhabited land

Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, the world, or more specifically, the Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament. It is often used to denote the entire civilized world as known to the ancients, particularly the Roman Empire. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΥ, ΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' and came to refer to the known world.

G1287

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ess-par-MEH-noy

Translations: scattered, dispersed, the scattered ones, those who are scattered

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'διασπείρω' (diaspeirō), meaning 'to scatter' or 'to disperse'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing something that has been scattered or dispersed. It is often used to refer to people who have been scattered from their homeland, such as the Jewish diaspora.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΣΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΙΑΧΥΤΟΙ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G4889

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soong-GRAHP-san-tes

Translations: having written together, having composed, having compiled, those who wrote together

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a whole, it means 'to write together', 'to compose', or 'to compile'. This form indicates an action completed in the past by multiple male subjects, functioning as an adjective or adverb in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΤΑΞΑΝΤΕΣ

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-NO-mah

Translations: the name, a name

Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the definite article "τὸ" (to, meaning 'the') and the noun "ὄνομα" (onoma, meaning 'name'). It means "the name" and functions as a singular, neuter noun, typically in the nominative or accusative case. It is used to refer to a specific name or reputation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter (crasis of the definite article and noun)

Etymology: The word ὄνομα (onoma) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'name' in many other Indo-European languages.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1883

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-pa-NOH

Translations: above, over, on, upon, up, more than

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'above' or 'on top'. It can also be used as a preposition, often taking the genitive case, to indicate position 'over' or 'upon' something, or to mean 'more than' in a comparative sense. It describes location or superiority.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΙ, ὙΠΕΡ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3140

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mar-too-ROON-tes

Translations: testifying, bearing witness, giving testimony

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to testify' or 'to bear witness'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of testifying or providing evidence. It can be used to describe people who are giving an account of something they have seen or heard, or who are affirming the truth of a statement.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G4171

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-leh-mos

Translations: war, a war, battle, a battle, fight, a fight

Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups, or a particular series of battles or campaigns. It can also refer to a struggle or conflict of any kind. It is typically used in the singular, but can also be found in the plural to denote multiple conflicts or aspects of war.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to fight' or 'to contend'.

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TAS-khoy

Translations: hold back, restrain, stop, occupy, possess, seize, take possession of, hold fast, keep, detain, hold down, check, hinder, prevent, come to, arrive at, reach

Notes: This word is the aorist optative active third person singular form of the verb κατέχω (katechō). It generally means to hold back, restrain, or stop something, or to occupy and possess. It can also mean to hold fast or keep something, or to detain someone. In a nautical context, it can mean to come to or arrive at a place. The optative mood often expresses a wish or a potential action, especially in a conditional clause, as seen in the example usage 'if war should stop'.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΠΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word κατέχω (katechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold down' or 'to hold against'.

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GOH-nen

Translations: has become, has happened, has come to pass, was, came into being

Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝ is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can mean 'has become,' 'has happened,' or 'has come into being,' often implying a state of existence or a new reality that has resulted from a past event.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to beget, to produce, to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and coming into existence.

G4178

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LAK-is

Translations: often, many times, frequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'often' or 'frequently'. It is used to indicate that an action or event occurs on numerous occasions. For example, one might say 'he often visits' or 'it frequently happens'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΧΝΩΣ, ΠΟΛΛΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΛΛΑΚΙΣ' is derived from the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', combined with the adverbial suffix '-κις' (-kis), which denotes 'times' or 'on occasions'.

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khoo

Translations: of Antiochus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Antiochus, a common name among Hellenistic kings and other notable figures, particularly in the Seleucid Empire. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Antiochus' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek Ἀντίοχος (Antíokhos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound name derived from ἀντί (antí, 'against, in front of') and ἔχω (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

G2016

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-fah-NOOS

Translations: manifest, illustrious, notable, distinguished, glorious, Epiphanes, of Epiphanes

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is manifest, illustrious, or distinguished. It can refer to a visible or apparent quality, or to a person of high standing or renown. It is also famously used as a surname or epithet, particularly for Antiochus IV Epiphanes, meaning 'God Manifest' or 'Illustrious'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΦΑΝΗΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιφαίνω (epiphainō, “to show forth, appear”), from ἐπί (epi, “upon, to”) + φαίνω (phainō, “to shine, appear”).

G1707

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: em-BAL-lon-tos

Translations: having cast in, having thrown in, having put in, having attacked, having invaded

Notes: This is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'ἐμβάλλω'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone or something that has performed the action of casting, throwing, putting, attacking, or invading. It often functions adverbially or adjectivally in a sentence, modifying a noun or pronoun and providing context for the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ἘΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Koon-TEE-lee-oo

Translations: of Quintilius, of Quintilia

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of a proper noun, likely referring to a person named Quintilius (masculine) or Quintilia (feminine). It would be used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Quintilius' or 'Quintilia's' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The name Κυντίλιος (Quintilius) is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman nomen (family name) Quintilius, which itself comes from the Latin word 'quintus' meaning 'fifth'.

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G4035

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-ree-LEI-po-meh-noi

Translations: those who remain, the ones remaining, the rest, the survivors

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition 'περί' (around, concerning) and the verb 'λείπω' (to leave, to lack). As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the state of remaining or being left over. It often refers to a group of people who are left behind or who survive an event, or simply those who constitute the remainder of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΛΟΙΠΟΙ

G1121

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: grahm-MAH-tohn

Translations: of letters, of writings, of documents, of scriptures, of a writing, of a document, of a letter

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'γραμμα' (gramma). It refers to written characters, letters of the alphabet, or more broadly, written documents, scriptures, or literature. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of letters' or 'belonging to writings'. In the provided context, 'πόλις γραμμάτων' (polis grammaton) means 'city of writings' or 'city of scribes/scholars', implying a place known for its literacy or written records.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΩΝ, ΓΡΑΦΩΝ

G5277

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-leef-THEY-sas

Translations: having been left behind, remaining, surviving, a remaining, a surviving

Notes: This word is a compound participle meaning 'having been left behind' or 'remaining'. It describes something or someone that has been left over or survived after others have gone or perished. It is formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under) and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (to leave). It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΛΕΙΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nas

Translations: having become, having come to pass, having happened, having arisen, having been made, having been created

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the result or state of something having come into existence or having taken place. For example, it could be used to describe 'things that have happened' or 'events that have come to pass.'

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Accusative Case, Feminine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΤΑΣ

G4311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ee-EN-tai

Translations: they approach, they come to, they admit, they allow, they permit

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to approach,' 'to come to,' or 'to admit/allow.' It describes the action of moving towards something or someone, or of granting permission or acceptance. It is often used in contexts where people are coming into the presence of someone or something, or where something is being permitted or received.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-go-NOO-ee-ohn

Translations: of having become, of having happened, of having come into being, of having been born, of having been made

Notes: This word is a perfect participle, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It means "of those who have become" or "of things that have happened/come into being." It is used to describe the state or origin of something, often functioning adjectivally to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Perfect, Participle, Feminine, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

G0245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-LO-foo-lon

Translations: foreign, alien, of another tribe, a foreigner, an alien

Notes: This word describes someone or something that belongs to a different tribe, nation, or race. It is often used in a context referring to non-Israelites or those who are not part of one's own people. It can be used to describe a person or a thing that is foreign.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΘΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: This is a compound word derived from ἈΛΛΟΣ (ALLOS), meaning 'other', and ΦΥΛΟΝ (PHYLON), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'.

G5299

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-fo-ROH-me-noy

Translations: suspecting, being suspicious, distrusting, being distrustful, viewing with suspicion, regarding with distrust

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ὑφοράω' (huphoráō), meaning 'to view with suspicion' or 'to distrust'. It describes someone who is in a state of suspicion or distrust, or who is actively suspecting something or someone. It is often used to describe a cautious or wary attitude towards a situation or person.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΠΤΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΙΣΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G5039

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tek-MEH-ree-on

Translations: proof, evidence, sign, a proof, an evidence

Notes: This word refers to a sure sign or a conclusive proof, something that provides undeniable evidence. It is used to denote a definitive indication or demonstration of a fact or truth. For example, one might present 'tekmerion' to support an argument or to show that something is true.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb τεκμαίρομαι (tekmairomai), meaning 'to fix a limit, determine, judge,' which is related to τέκμαρ (tekmar), meaning 'a fixed mark, goal, or sign.' The word thus conveys the idea of something that serves as a definitive marker or indicator.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-ton

Translations: greatest, largest, most important, a greatest thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. Therefore, 'μέγιστον' translates to 'greatest', 'largest', or 'most important'. It is used to describe something that surpasses all others in size, importance, or degree. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating the highest degree of a quality.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'μέγας' (megas), from which 'μέγιστον' is derived, comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'great' or 'large'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REIS

Translations: high priest, chief priest, a high priest, chief priests

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the head of the priestly order, particularly the chief religious official in ancient Israel. In the plural, 'chief priests' often refers to the leading members of the priestly class, including the current high priest, former high priests, and heads of the priestly families. It is used to denote those with significant religious authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0324

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-grah-FAIS

Translations: (to) records, (to) registers, (to) lists, (to) enrollments

Notes: This word refers to written records, registers, or lists, often of an official nature. It denotes a compilation of information, such as genealogies, public documents, or historical accounts. It is used to indicate the place or means by which information is formally recorded.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναγραφή (anagraphē) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'to write up' or 'to record'.

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ray-MEH-nohn

Translations: of the things said, of the things spoken, of the things mentioned, of the aforesaid, of the aforementioned

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said' or 'having been spoken'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to things that have already been stated or mentioned. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of the things that have been said' or 'of the aforementioned things'. It is often used to refer back to previous statements or topics in a text.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΛΕΛΑΛΗΜΕΝΩΝ

G3754, G3767

Part of Speech: Indefinite Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: ho-tee-OON

Translations: whatever, whatsoever, anything, anything whatever, anything at all, at all

Notes: ΟΤΙΟΥΝ is a compound word meaning 'whatever' or 'anything at all'. It functions as an indefinite pronoun or an adverb, emphasizing the comprehensive or unrestricted nature of something. It can be used to express 'anything whatsoever' or 'no matter what'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΙΔΗΠΟΤΕ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: ΟΤΙΟΥΝ is a compound word formed from ὅτι (hoti), meaning 'that' or 'because', and οὖν (oun), an inferential particle meaning 'therefore' or 'then'. Together, they form an indefinite sense.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G0005

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pay-go-REH-too-tie

Translations: it has been forbidden, it is forbidden, it is prohibited, it is declared unlawful

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb ἀπαγορεύω (apagoreuō). It means 'it has been forbidden' or 'it is prohibited'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, indicating a state of prohibition or declaration against something. It is often used impersonally.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ἈΠΑΓΟΡΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἀγορεύω (agoreuō, 'to speak in the assembly, to declare'). The combination implies speaking against or declaring something to be forbidden.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-ris-TAH-sthai

Translations: to present, to stand by, to assist, to offer, to place beside, to be present, to be at hand

Notes: This is a verb meaning to present, to stand by, or to assist. It is often used to describe someone standing near or being present for a purpose, such as offering help, presenting oneself, or being offered as a sacrifice. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'near', and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΙΝΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΒΟΗΘΕΙΝ

G3348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-teh-KHEIN

Translations: to partake, to share in, to have a share in, to participate in

Notes: This word means to have a share in something, to participate in it, or to partake of it. It implies a joint possession or involvement with others. It is often followed by a genitive case to indicate what is being shared or participated in.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΕΧΩ is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'among', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to have with' or 'to hold among', leading to the sense of sharing or partaking.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-giss-TEH-ee-as

Translations: of purity, of holiness, of sanctity, of consecration

Notes: This word refers to the state of being pure, holy, or consecrated. It denotes a condition of ritual or moral cleanliness, often in a religious context. It can be used to describe the purity required for sacred rites or the holiness of a person or object.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΕΙΑ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΤΗΣ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΓΙΣΤΕΙΑ (hagisteia) is derived from the adjective ἅγιος (hagios), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. It refers to the state or quality of being holy or consecrated.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G5252

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-GRAF-ayn

Translations: to write under, to subscribe, to sign, to copy, to describe, to delineate

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'below') and the verb γράφω (grapho, meaning 'to write'). It generally means to write something underneath, to sign a document, or to copy something. It can also mean to describe or delineate something, as if drawing an outline.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupo, 'under') and γράφω (graphō, 'to write').

G0845

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ow-tek-soo-SEE-oo

Translations: (of) self-controlled, (of) free will, (of) independent, (of) having power over oneself

Notes: This word describes someone or something that has power over itself, is self-controlled, or possesses free will. It implies independence and the ability to make choices without external compulsion. It is often used in philosophical and theological contexts to discuss human agency and responsibility.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΘΑΙΡΕΤΟΣ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos), meaning 'self', and ἘΞΟΥΣΙΑ (exousia), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. Thus, it literally means 'self-power' or 'self-authority'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tos

Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one

Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: grah-foh-MEH-noys

Translations: those who are writing, those who are being written, things being written, (to) those who are writing, (to) those who are being written, (to) things being written

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to write'. It refers to 'those who are writing' (active voice) or 'those things/people that are being written' (passive voice). It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G1762

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NOO-sees

Translations: being in, existing in, present, inherent, of being present, of existing, of being inherent

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be in' or 'to exist in'. It describes something that is present, inherent, or existing within something else. It is often used to indicate a quality or characteristic that is naturally found in a person or thing, or a state of being present in a particular place or situation.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΗΣ, ΠΑΡΟΥΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΕΙΜΙ (eneimi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-fay-TON

Translations: of prophets

Notes: This word refers to those who speak for God or interpret His will, often foretelling future events. It is a compound word, combining 'pro' (before, forth) and 'phemi' (to speak). It is used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or act as spokespersons for God.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' (prophetes) comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks before' (either in time or on behalf of someone).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NO-tah-toh

Translations: highest, uppermost, above all, most high, a highest, an uppermost

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adverb 'ἄνω' (ano), meaning 'up' or 'above'. As a superlative, it means 'highest' or 'uppermost'. It can function adverbially to describe an action happening at the highest point, or adjectivally to describe something as being the highest or most supreme in rank or position.

Inflection: Superlative, Does not inflect (as an adverb), or All genders, All cases, Singular (as an adjective)

Synonyms: ὙΠΕΡΤΑΤΩ, ἈΚΡΟΤΑΤΩ

G3820

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pah-lie-OH-tah-tah

Translations: oldest, most ancient, most antiquated, most worn out

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'old' or 'ancient'. It describes something as being the very oldest, most ancient, or most antiquated among a group. It can be used to refer to things that are extremely old in terms of age, or things that are worn out and obsolete due to their age.

Inflection: Superlative, Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From the Greek word πάλαι (palai), meaning 'long ago' or 'formerly'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3129

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mah-THON-tōn

Translations: of those who learned, of those who were taught, of learning, of understanding

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μανθάνω' (manthanō), meaning 'to learn' or 'to be taught'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing an action or state. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, referring to 'those who learned' or 'those who were taught'. It can be used to describe a group of people who have acquired knowledge or skill.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΟΝΤΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΩΝ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G4863