Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Against Apion / Book One / Chapter 23Book One, Chapter 23
Interlinear version from Josephus' Against Apion (Beta)
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G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEE
Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, ruler, a ruler, first, origin, a first, a ruler, dominion, a dominion, principality, a principality
Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or dominion, and by extension, the person holding such authority (a ruler or magistrate). It is used to describe the starting point of time, a sequence, or a source of power.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΧΗ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh
Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-tays
Translations: of this, of that
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. As a genitive feminine singular form, it indicates possession or origin, referring to a feminine noun that is either physically near or has been previously mentioned in the discourse. It functions similarly to 'of this' or 'of that' in English, specifying a particular item or concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗΣ, ΤΗΣΔΕ
G3741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-see-OH-teh-rah
Translations: holier, more holy, more pious, more devout
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'hosios', meaning 'holy' or 'pious'. It describes something or someone as being 'holier' or 'more pious' than something else. It is used to compare the degree of holiness or piety between two entities.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΩΤΕΡΑ, ΕΥΣΕΒΕΣΤΕΡΑ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G5092
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEE-may
Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, a sum, esteem, dignity
Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or esteem, often implying a high regard for someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or price, indicating the worth of an item or a sum paid. It is used in sentences to describe the value or respect attributed to a person, object, or action.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ
Etymology: This word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oh
Translations: (to) God, (for) God, a God
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It refers to the supreme being in a monotheistic context, or to a deity in a polytheistic context. When used in the dative case, it typically indicates the recipient of an action or the one for whom something is done, hence 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
G3123
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAHL-lon
Translations: more, rather, much more, especially
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
G0719
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: har-MO-zoo-sah
Translations: fitting, suitable, appropriate, becoming, a fitting, a suitable, an appropriate, a becoming
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'harmózō', meaning 'to fit together' or 'to join'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is fitting, suitable, or appropriate in a given context. It can be used to describe actions, qualities, or circumstances that are in harmony with what is expected or required.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΕΠΩΝ, ΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΣ, ΚΑΘΗΚΩΝ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tos
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) each
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΠΑΣ' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. It can refer to a part of a whole, or to the entirety of something. For example, 'of all things' or 'of every person'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thooss
Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ
Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.
G2680
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: kah-tes-keh-vahz-MEH-noo
Translations: of having been prepared, of having been made, of having been built, of having been furnished, of having been equipped
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'κατασκευάζω' (kataskeuazo). It describes something that has been prepared, made, built, furnished, or equipped. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can act substantively as 'that which has been prepared'. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata, down/against) and 'σκευάζω' (skeuazo, to prepare/make ready).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect, Passive
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΟΙΗΘΕΝΤΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΘΕΝΤΟΣ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G2150
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-SEB-eh-yan
Translations: piety, godliness, devotion, a piety, a godliness
Notes: This word refers to piety, godliness, or devotion, particularly in the context of reverence towards God or the gods. It describes a proper attitude and conduct towards the divine, often encompassing moral uprightness and religious observance. It is used to describe the quality of being devout or reverent.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΕΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
G1843
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ex-AI-reh-ton
Translations: excellent, special, distinguished, extraordinary, choice, an excellent thing, a special thing
Notes: This word describes something that is set apart, chosen, or outstanding in quality. It implies something that is superior or exceptional, often used to highlight a particular characteristic or item as being of high value or importance.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩΝ
G1959
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-MEH-li-ah
Translations: care, a care, diligence, attention, a concern, provision
Notes: This word refers to careful attention, diligence, or concern for something or someone. It implies a proactive and thoughtful approach to providing for or looking after a matter. It is often used in contexts where someone is taking responsibility or making provisions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΤΙΣ, ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑ, ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2409
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-REH-ohn
Translations: of priests
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of priests' or 'belonging to priests'. For example, one might speak of 'the garments of priests' or 'the lineage of priests'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G4100
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-meh-nohn
Translations: (of) those who have been entrusted, (of) those who have been believed, (of) those who have been faithful
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning "having been entrusted" or "having been believed/trusted." It describes individuals who have been given a trust or who have demonstrated faithfulness. It is often used to refer to people who have been put in charge of something or who are considered trustworthy.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΕΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΜΕΝΩΝ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πιστεύω (pisteúō, “to believe, trust”), from πίστις (pístis, “faith, trust”).
G5618
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OH-sper
Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as
Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.
G5058
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: teh-LEH-tays
Translations: of initiation, of a rite, of a ceremony, of a mystery, of a religious observance
Notes: This word refers to an initiation, a religious rite, or a ceremony, especially one involving mysteries or secret doctrines. It is often used in the context of religious or cultic practices where individuals are initiated into a group or a set of beliefs.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΥΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΟΡΓΙΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb τελέω (teleō), meaning 'to complete, perform, or initiate'. It is related to τέλος (telos), meaning 'end' or 'purpose', suggesting the completion or fulfillment of a ritual.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nos
Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose
Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G3650
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OH-leess
Translations: of whole, of all, of entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole,' 'all,' or 'entire.' It describes something as complete or undivided. In the provided examples, it is used in phrases like 'from all your heart,' indicating a complete and undivided commitment or feeling.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4174
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-li-TEI-as
Translations: of citizenship, of commonwealth, of state, of government, of way of life, of a way of life
Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state, or the form of government. It can also describe a person's conduct or way of life within a community. It is often used in contexts discussing political systems or the collective body of citizens.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΒΙΟΣ
Etymology: From ancient Greek, derived from the word 'πολίτης' (politēs), meaning 'citizen', which itself comes from 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state'.
G3621
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: oy-ko-no-MOU-me-nays
Translations: being managed, being administered, being stewarded, being arranged, being dispensed
Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'οἰκονομέω' (oikonomeō), meaning 'to manage a household,' 'to administer,' or 'to be a steward.' As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing and being done to the subject. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Genitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΕΥΟΜΕΝΗΣ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3641
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: o-li-GOHN
Translations: of few, of little
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'few' or 'little'. It is used to describe a small quantity or number of something. For example, it can refer to a small number of people or a small amount of time or resources.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-mer-OHN
Translations: of days
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'day'. It refers to a period of 24 hours, or more broadly, a specific period of time or an era. As a genitive plural, it is often used to indicate possession, origin, or a temporal relationship, such as 'during the days' or 'belonging to the days'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΚΑΙΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the period of daylight, contrasting with night.
G0706
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: a-rith-MON
Translations: number, a number, sum, total
Notes: This word refers to a quantity or a count of things. It is used to denote a specific amount or a total sum, often appearing in contexts where enumeration or calculation is involved.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΜΕΤΡΟΝ
G2038
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-pee-tay-DEH-oo-on-tes
Translations: practicing, pursuing, engaging in, devoting oneself to, cultivating
Notes: This word describes someone who is actively engaged in, pursuing, or practicing something. It implies a deliberate and continuous effort towards a particular activity, habit, or way of life. It can be used to describe people who cultivate certain skills, follow specific customs, or devote themselves to a cause.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΑΣΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτηδεύω (epitēdeúō), which is formed from ἐπί (epí, 'upon, to') and τηδέω (tēdéō, 'to care for, to busy oneself with').
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-loy
Translations: others, some others, different ones
Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G5442
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foo-LAT-tayn
Translations: to guard, to keep, to observe, to protect, to preserve, to watch over
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to guard, keep, or protect. It can be used in various contexts, such as guarding a place, keeping a command or law, observing a custom, or protecting someone from harm. It implies a sense of careful oversight and preservation.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ comes from the Greek word φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAN-tai
Translations: they are able, they can, they have power, they are strong enough
Notes: This word means 'they are able' or 'they can'. It describes the capacity or power of a group of people or things to do something. It is often followed by an infinitive verb, indicating what they are able to do.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
G3466
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: moo-stee-REE-ah
Translations: mysteries, secrets
Notes: This word refers to something hidden, secret, or revealed only to a select few. In a religious context, it often denotes a divine secret or truth that is revealed by God, rather than discovered by human reason. It is used to describe things that are not yet fully understood or are intentionally kept from general knowledge.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΑ, ΑΠΟΚΕΚΡΥΜΜΕΝΑ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: teh-LEH-tas
Translations: rites, ceremonies, initiations, mysteries
Notes: This word refers to religious rites, ceremonies, or initiations, often those of a mysterious or secret nature. It can also refer to the performance of such rituals. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the acts or practices involved in a religious or cultic observance.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΥΣΤΗΡΙΑ, ΟΡΓΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΕΤΗ comes from the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleō), meaning 'to complete, perform, or accomplish.' It is related to the concept of bringing something to an end or fulfillment, particularly in a ritualistic context.
G2038
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ep-on-o-MAH-zon-tes
Translations: naming, calling by name, surnaming, giving a name to, calling
Notes: This word describes the action of naming someone or something, or calling them by a specific name or title. It implies giving a designation or a surname. It is used to indicate that a subject is performing the action of naming.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
G2237
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-doh-NAYS
Translations: (of) pleasure, (of) delight, (of) enjoyment
Notes: This word refers to pleasure, delight, or enjoyment. It describes a feeling of satisfaction or gratification. In Koine Greek, it is often used in a general sense to refer to any kind of pleasure, whether physical or emotional. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΑΡΑ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: From the root *hēd-, meaning 'sweet, pleasant'.
G1106
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gno-MEES
Translations: of opinion, of purpose, of judgment, of counsel, of will, of a mind, of a decision
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, opinion, purpose, or decision. It can also denote one's mind or will. It is used to express the source or origin of a thought or intention, often indicating 'from the opinion of' or 'according to the will of' someone.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ, ΚΡΙΣΙΣ
G0276
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-meh-tah-THEH-too
Translations: unalterable, immutable, unchangeable, of unchangeableness
Notes: This word describes something that cannot be changed or moved from its position or state. It signifies immutability, often referring to a promise or purpose that is firm and steadfast. It is used to emphasize the absolute certainty and reliability of something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΝΔΕΚΤΟΣ, ΑΣΑΛΕΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and μεταθετός (metathetos), meaning 'changeable' or 'transferable'. Thus, it literally means 'not changeable'.
G5442
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foo-LAT-toh-men
Translations: we guard, we keep, we observe, we protect, we preserve
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to guard, keep, protect, observe, or preserve. It implies a careful watch or adherence to something, whether it's a person, a place, a law, or a custom. It can be used in contexts of protecting from danger, maintaining a state, or diligently following instructions.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΧΩ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nos
Translations: of an age, of an eternity, of a world, of time, of the world, of the age, of eternity
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, an age, or an eternity. It can also refer to the world or the universe, especially in the sense of the present world order or the world to come. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of an age' or 'of the world'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΥ, ΚΟΣΜΟΥ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-sin
Translations: are
Notes: This word is the third person plural form of the verb 'to be'. It means 'they are' or 'there are'. It is used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects, similar to how 'are' is used in English. For example, 'The men are here' or 'There are many books'.
Inflection: Third person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G4394
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-RHE-sees
Translations: prophecies, predictions, declarations, a prophecy, a prediction, a declaration
Notes: This word refers to a prophecy, a prediction, or a declaration made beforehand. It is often used in the context of divine revelation or foretelling future events. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "forth," and ῥῆσις (rhēsis), meaning "a saying" or "a speaking."
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΙΑ, ΜΑΝΤΕΙΑ, ΧΡΗΣΜΟΣ
G0005
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pah-go-REH-oo-sees
Translations: prohibitions, prohibitions, interdictions, prohibitions, prohibitions
Notes: This word refers to prohibitions, interdictions, or commands to abstain from something. It is used to denote a formal or authoritative forbidding of an action or practice. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀπό' (apo, 'from, away from') and 'ἀγορεύω' (agoreuō, 'to speak in the assembly, to declare').
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΜΑΤΑ, ἈΠΟΡΡΗΤΑ
Etymology: The word ἀπαγόρευσις (apagoreusis) is derived from the verb ἀπαγορεύω (apagoreuō), meaning 'to forbid, prohibit, renounce'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἀγορεύω (agoreuō, 'to speak in the assembly, to declare'), which itself comes from ἀγορά (agora, 'assembly, marketplace').
G0572
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PLAH-ee
Translations: simple, plain, single, sincere, a simple, a plain, a single, a sincere
Notes: This word describes something as simple, plain, or sincere. It can refer to something that is not complex or complicated, or to a person's character as being straightforward and without deceit. It is often used to describe things that are easily understood or straightforward in nature.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΕΡΑΙΟΣ, ΕΙΛΙΚΡΙΝΗΣ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G1110
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: gno-REE-moy
Translations: known, well-known, notable, acquaintance, a notable, a well-known person
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is known, familiar, or notable. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or thing, or it can function as a noun to refer to a well-known person or an acquaintance. For example, it might be used to say 'the known facts' or 'his acquaintances arrived'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-tay
Translations: first, a first, foremost, chief, principal, earliest
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'first' or 'foremost'. It is used to describe something that comes before all others in order, time, or importance. For example, it can refer to the first day, the first person, or the most important thing. It can also be used to indicate a position of leadership or preeminence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G2233
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hay-GAY-tah-ee
Translations: he leads, he guides, he considers, he thinks, he rules, he is chief
Notes: This verb describes the action of leading, guiding, or ruling. It can also mean to consider or think something. It is often used to describe someone in a position of authority or someone who is a leader. It can also be used to express an opinion or judgment.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: From ἄγω (agō, "to lead") and the middle voice suffix -έομαι (-eomai).
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOO-sah
Translations: saying, speaking, telling, a woman saying
Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It is in the feminine, singular, and nominative case, meaning it describes a female subject who is in the act of saying, speaking, or telling something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is saying'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-ei
Translations: he has, she has, it has, he holds, she holds, it holds, he possesses, she possesses, it possesses
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. It is used to indicate ownership, possession, or a state of being. For example, it can describe someone having an object, a quality, or a particular condition.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4863
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: soom-PAHN-tah
Translations: all things, the whole, everything, the universe
Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'all together' or 'the whole of something'. It is often used substantively in the neuter plural to refer to 'all things' or 'the universe'. It can also modify a noun, meaning 'the whole' or 'all of' that noun.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑ, ΟΛΑ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΠΑΣ (sympas) is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.
G3838
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pan-teh-LEES
Translations: complete, perfect, entire, all-sufficient, absolute, a complete, a perfect
Notes: This word describes something that is complete, perfect, or lacking nothing. It signifies a state of being whole, entire, or fully accomplished. It can be used to describe a person, an action, or a quality that is absolute or all-sufficient.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΕΛΕΙΟΣ
Etymology: From πᾶς (pas, "all") and τέλος (telos, "end, completion"). It literally means "all-complete" or "all-ending."
G3107
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-KAH-ree-os
Translations: blessed, happy, fortunate, a blessed one, a happy one, a fortunate one
Notes: This word describes someone who is blessed, happy, or fortunate. It often refers to a state of inner well-being and contentment, particularly a happiness that comes from divine favor or a favorable condition. It can be used to describe individuals who are divinely favored or those who experience a deep sense of joy and fulfillment.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΔΑΙΜΩΝ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μακάριος' (makarios) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to 'μάκαρ' (makar), meaning 'blessed' or 'happy'. It describes a state of blessedness or happiness, often associated with the gods or those favored by them.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0842
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TAR-kays
Translations: self-sufficient, content, sufficient, enough
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is self-sufficient, content with what they have, or having enough for their needs. It implies a state of independence and satisfaction, not requiring external aid or additional resources. It can be used to describe a person who is satisfied with their circumstances or a quantity that is adequate.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἹΚΑΝΟΣ, ἈΡΚΕΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and ἀρκέω (arkeō), meaning 'to be sufficient' or 'to suffice'. Thus, it literally means 'self-sufficient' or 'sufficient in oneself'.
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-sah
Translations: middle, midst, among, in the middle of, in the midst
Notes: This word refers to the central point or position of something. As an adjective, it describes something that is in the middle. As an adverb, it indicates being in the midst of or among something or someone. It can be used to describe location, time, or a group of people.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Nominative, Singular; or Feminine, Vocative, Singular; or Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΝΤΟΣ
G5056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEH-los
Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty
Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-goys
Translations: to works, by works, with works, in works, to a work, by a work, with a work, in a work
Notes: This word refers to a deed, action, or work. It can encompass anything done or performed, whether good or bad, and often implies the result or product of an action. It is used in various contexts to describe human activities, divine actions, or the effects of something.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΝΕΡΓΕΙΑ
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-ri-sin
Translations: (by) grace, (by) favor, (by) kindness, (by) thanks, (by) gratitude, (by) charm, (by) delight
Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In this form, it indicates the means or instrument by which something is done, or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'by' or 'to'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΔΩΡΕΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ
G1746
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: en-AR-gays
Translations: clear, distinct, evident, manifest, a clear, a distinct, an evident, a manifest
Notes: This word describes something that is clear, distinct, or evident, often implying that it is easily perceived or understood. It is used to emphasize the obviousness or undeniable nature of a fact or phenomenon. For example, one might speak of an 'enargēs' sign or proof, meaning a sign that is unmistakably clear.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ, ΣΑΦΗΣ
Etymology: From 'en' (in) and 'argos' (bright, clear), related to 'arges' (shining, white). It literally means 'in brightness' or 'manifest in light', referring to something that is clearly visible or apparent.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OO-tee-nos
Translations: (of) no one, (of) nothing, (of) nobody
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun, meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is the genitive singular form of the pronoun 'οὔτις' (outis). It is used to indicate possession or relationship, similar to 'of no one' or 'belonging to nothing'. It is a compound word formed from 'οὐ' (ou), meaning 'not', and 'τις' (tis), meaning 'someone' or 'something'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝΟΣ, ΜΗΔΕΝΟΣ
G5319
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: fah-neh-ROH-teh-ross
Translations: more manifest, more evident, more clear, more visible, more apparent
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'φανερός' (phaneros), meaning 'manifest' or 'evident'. It describes something that is more clearly seen, understood, or revealed than something else. It is used to indicate a higher degree of visibility, clarity, or obviousness.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΜΦΑΝΕΣΤΕΡΟΣ, ΔΗΛΟΤΕΡΟΣ
G3444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mor-FEN
Translations: form, a form, shape, a shape, appearance, an appearance, nature, a nature
Notes: This word refers to the external appearance or outward shape of something. It can also denote the inherent nature or character of a person or thing, emphasizing what makes it distinct. It is used to describe both physical attributes and essential qualities.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΧΗΜΑ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΟΨΙΣ
Etymology: The etymology of ΜΟΡΦΗ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin.
G3172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEG-eh-thos
Translations: greatness, magnitude, size, a greatness, a magnitude, a size
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being great in size, extent, or importance. It can describe physical dimensions, as in the size of an object, or abstract concepts like the greatness of a person or an event. It is typically used to denote a significant scale or degree.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: The word "ΜΕΓΕΘΟΣ" comes from the adjective "μέγας" (megas), meaning "great" or "large." It is formed with the suffix "-θος" which is used to create nouns denoting a quality or state.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G0843
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: A-PHA-tos
Translations: unspeakable, unutterable, inexpressible, unreportable
Notes: This word describes something that cannot be spoken or expressed, often due to its overwhelming nature, whether good or bad. It implies something beyond the capacity of words to fully convey. It is used to describe things that are too great, too terrible, or too wonderful to be put into language.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΚΛΑΛΗΤΟΣ, ἈΝΕΚΔΙΗΓΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the prefix 'α-' (alpha privative, meaning 'not') and 'φατός' (phatos), which is derived from 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'not speakable'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sah
Translations: all, every, a whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and must agree with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HOO-lay
Translations: wood, a wood, forest, a forest, material, matter, a matter
Notes: This word refers to wood, timber, or a forest. It can also denote material in a broader sense, or even the 'matter' or 'substance' from which something is made. In philosophical contexts, it can refer to prime matter or the raw material of the universe. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΥΛΗΜΑ
Etymology: The word 'hyle' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to 'wood' or 'forest'. It developed in Greek to encompass the broader meanings of 'material' or 'matter'.
G1504
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-KOH-nah
Translations: image, an image, likeness, a likeness, representation, a representation
Notes: This word refers to an image, likeness, or representation of something. It can be used to describe a physical statue or idol, or a more abstract concept like a reflection or a resemblance. It often implies a close correspondence or similarity to the original.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΩΜΑ, ΤΥΠΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
G2532, G0302
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: KAN
Translations: even if, although, and if, even though, if, though
Notes: ΚἈΝ is a compound word, formed by the contraction of the conjunction ΚΑΙ (and, also, even) and the particle ἈΝ (a conditional or potential particle). It is used to introduce a conditional clause, often with a concessive sense, meaning 'even if' or 'although'. It can also simply mean 'and if' or 'if' in certain contexts, indicating a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙΠΕΡ
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G4185
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-ly-te-LEES
Translations: costly, expensive, precious, splendid, sumptuous, very expensive
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'πολύς' (much, many) and 'τέλος' (cost, expense). It describes something that is of great value, high cost, or luxurious. It can be used to describe objects, materials, or even structures that are elaborate and expensive.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΤΙΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πολυτελής' is a compound of 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', and 'τέλος' (telos), meaning 'cost' or 'expense'. It literally means 'of much cost'.
G0820
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-tee-mos
Translations: dishonored, without honor, despised, a dishonored one, an unhonored one
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without honor, dishonored, or despised. It can refer to a person who is held in low esteem or a thing that is considered worthless. It is often used to indicate a lack of respect or value.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΔΟΞΟΣ, ἈΤΙΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ἘΞΟΥΘΕΝΗΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'τιμή' (timē, meaning 'honor' or 'value'). Thus, it literally means 'without honor'.
G5078
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEKH-nay
Translations: art, skill, craft, trade, a craft, a skill
Notes: This word refers to an art, skill, or craft, often implying a practical ability or a specific trade. It can describe human ingenuity or the method by which something is made or done. It is used to denote a particular profession or a specialized knowledge.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *teks- meaning 'to weave, to fabricate, to make'. It is related to words like 'textile' and 'technical' in English, reflecting its connection to making and skill.
G3402
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mee-MAY-seh-ohs
Translations: of imitation, of a copy, of a representation
Notes: This word refers to the act of imitating, copying, or representing something. It can also refer to the result of that act, such as a copy or a representation itself. It is often used in contexts describing artistic or behavioral replication.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ, ΕΙΚΩΝ, ΟΜΟΙΩΜΑ
G1963
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-NOY-ah
Translations: thought, a thought, purpose, a purpose, device, a device, design, a design, invention, an invention, plan, a plan
Notes: This word refers to a thought, purpose, or design, often implying a clever or inventive idea. It can also denote a plan or an invention. It is used in sentences to describe the mental activity of conceiving something or the result of such conception.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ
G0898
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-TEKH-nos
Translations: without art, unskillful, unskilled, inexperienced, simple
Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from the alpha privative (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without' and the word 'τέχνη' (techne), meaning 'art' or 'skill'. Therefore, it describes something or someone as being without art, skill, or experience. It can refer to a person who is unskilled or unskillful in a particular craft or activity, or to something that is done without artifice or cunning, implying simplicity or lack of sophistication.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΜΑΘΗΣ, ἈΠΕΙΡΟΣ, ἈΦΥΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΤΕΧΝΟΣ is derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and the noun τέχνη (techne), meaning 'art', 'skill', or 'craft'.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEN
Translations: nothing, none, not any, no one
Notes: This word is a negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one' when used as a pronoun, and 'not any' or 'no' when used as an adjective. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the indefinite pronoun εἷς (heis, 'one'). It is used to express absolute negation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝΟΣ
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HO-moy-on
Translations: like, similar, a like thing, a similar thing
Notes: This word describes something that is similar or like something else. It is used to compare two things, indicating that they share characteristics or appearance. For example, one might say 'the house is like a castle' to describe its grandeur.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OOT
Translations: neither, nor, not
Notes: This word is a negative conjunction used to introduce a negative clause or to connect two or more negative statements. It often appears in a series, such as 'neither... nor...'. It emphasizes the complete absence or denial of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the enclitic particle τέ (te). It is used to express a strong negation, often in a series.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-doh-men
Translations: we saw, we have seen
Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. It indicates a completed action of seeing or perceiving in the past, performed by 'we'. It can be used in sentences like 'we saw the light' or 'we perceived the truth'.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ
Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
G1902
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-no-OO-men
Translations: we devise, we invent, we conceive, we think upon, we consider
Notes: This word means to think upon, devise, invent, or conceive. It describes the act of mentally forming a plan, idea, or design. It is used to express the process of coming up with something new or a solution to a problem.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΝΟΈΩ, ΜΗΧΑΝΆΟΜΑΙ, ΕὙΡΊΣΚΩ
G1507
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KAD-zayn
Translations: to guess, to conjecture, to infer, to liken, to compare
Notes: This verb means to guess, to conjecture, or to infer something based on available information or signs. It can also mean to liken or compare one thing to another. It is used to describe the act of forming an opinion or judgment without complete certainty.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ, ΤΕΚΜΑΙΡΩ
Etymology: From Koine Greek εἰκάζω (eikázō), meaning 'to liken, to conjecture', from εἰκών (eikṓn), meaning 'likeness, image'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G3741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: O-see-ON
Translations: holy, righteous, pious, devout, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, righteous, or pious, particularly in relation to divine law or religious duty. It signifies that which is consecrated to God, or morally pure and upright. It can be used to describe actions, people, or things that are in accordance with divine will or religious principles.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gah
Translations: works, deeds, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or things done. It can encompass both good and bad deeds depending on the context, describing the outcome or result of an effort. It is often used to describe the actions of people or God.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ, ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ
G0991
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BLEH-poh-men
Translations: we see, we look, we behold, we perceive
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to see', 'to look', 'to behold', or 'to perceive'. It describes the act of using one's eyes to observe something or to understand something mentally. It is used in sentences to indicate that a group of people (specifically 'we') are performing the action of seeing or looking.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G5457
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOHSS
Translations: light, a light, fire
Notes: This word refers to light, whether literal illumination, or metaphorically, as in truth, knowledge, or spiritual enlightenment. It can also refer to a source of light, like a lamp or a star, or even fire. It is often used in contrast to darkness.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΦΕΓΓΟΣ, ΛΥΧΝΟΣ, ΠΥΡ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to shine' or 'to be bright'.
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-rah-NON
Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the physical sky above the earth, or more commonly, to the dwelling place of God and the angels, often used in a theological sense. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYN
Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region
Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ
G2246
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEE-lee-on
Translations: sun, a sun
Notes: This word refers to the celestial body that provides light and warmth to the Earth. It is used to denote the sun itself, often in contexts related to its rising, setting, or its light. It can be used in phrases like 'under the sun' to mean 'on Earth' or 'in the world'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Y-DAH-tah
Translations: waters
Notes: This word refers to water, typically in a plural sense, indicating multiple bodies of water or a large quantity of water. It can be used to describe rivers, seas, or any collection of liquid water.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
G2226
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: zoh-OHN
Translations: of living things, of animals, of creatures, of beasts
Notes: This word refers to living beings, creatures, or animals. It is often used in a general sense to describe any animate being, from humans to beasts. In the provided examples, it refers to 'living creatures' or 'animals'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΤΗΝΟΣ
G1078
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ge-NEH-seess
Translations: generations, origins, births, genealogies, records, accounts
Notes: This word refers to the act of coming into being, birth, or origin. It can also denote a record of origins, such as a genealogy or a historical account of creation or development. In a broader sense, it can refer to the process of generation or the resulting product of that process.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΕΙΣ, ΓΕΝΕΑΙ, ΓΕΝΗ
G2590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-PON
Translations: of fruits, of fruit, fruits
Notes: This word refers to the produce of the earth, such as fruits, crops, or harvest. It can also metaphorically refer to the results or outcomes of actions, deeds, or efforts. It is used in sentences to describe the yield of plants or the consequences of human behavior.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΕΚΒΟΛΩΝ, ΟΠΩΡΩΝ
G0329
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-DOH-sees
Translations: yields, distributions, supplies, productions, giving up, a giving up
Notes: This word refers to the act of giving up, yielding, or distributing something. It can describe the production or supply of things, such as fruits or water. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and δόσις (dosis), meaning 'a giving'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΣΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-sen
Translations: he made, he did, she made, she did, it made, it did
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action completed in the past. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from creating something (like God making the sea) to performing an action (like someone doing something for themselves).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHER-sin
Translations: (to) hands, (with) hands, (in) hands, hands
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'hand'. It refers to multiple hands and indicates the indirect object of an action, the instrument by which something is done, or the location where something is found. It is often translated as 'to hands', 'with hands', or 'in hands' depending on the specific context of the sentence.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G3003
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-noys
Translations: toils, labors, pains, distresses, troubles
Notes: This word refers to physical or mental exertion, hard work, or the suffering and pain that can result from such efforts. It is often used in the context of enduring hardships or difficulties. In a sentence, it would describe the struggles or afflictions someone experiences.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nohn
Translations: of some, of certain, of any, of some one, of a certain one
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis), meaning 'some,' 'any,' or 'certain.' It is used to refer to an unspecified number of people or things, often implying an unknown or unmentioned group. It can be translated as 'of some,' 'of certain ones,' or 'of any.'
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΝΙΩΝ, ΤΙΝΕΣ
G4903
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soon-er-gah-so-MEH-non
Translations: of those working together, of those cooperating, of those helping together
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἐργάζομαι (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to labor'. Therefore, it means 'working together' or 'cooperating'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone who is engaged in the action of working together. It implies a joint effort or collaboration.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Future, Middle Voice, Participle
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΥΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ is derived from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἐργάζομαι (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to labor'. The verb ἐργάζομαι itself comes from ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'.
G1933
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-deh-THEYS
Translations: having been entreated, having been begged, having been implored
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epideomai', meaning 'to entreat' or 'to beg'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone who has been the recipient of entreaty or supplication. It is used to describe a state or action of being earnestly requested or pleaded with.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΗΘΕΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΘΕΙΣ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: the-LEE-san-tos
Translations: (of) him who willed, (of) him who desired, (of) him who wished, (of) a willing one
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'θέλω' (thelō), meaning 'to will,' 'to wish,' or 'to desire.' It describes the one who performed the action of willing or desiring. In a sentence, it functions like a noun, often translated as 'of him who willed' or 'of the one who desired,' indicating possession or origin related to the act of willing.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
Etymology: The word θέλω (thelō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of will or desire.
G2573
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KAL-ohs
Translations: well, rightly, properly, honorably, commendably
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'well' or 'rightly'. It describes an action performed in a good, proper, or honorable manner. It can indicate that something is done correctly, skillfully, or in a way that is morally upright.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΥ, ΟΡΘΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ (KALOS), meaning 'good' or 'beautiful'.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G2112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: YOO-thoos
Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, indicating that something happens without delay or directly. It is used to express immediacy in time, meaning 'at once' or 'straightway'. It can also refer to a direct path or manner, meaning 'straight' or 'directly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct'. It developed into an adverb indicating immediacy.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-go-NO-tah
Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, that which has come to pass, things that have happened, things that have come into being
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' As a perfect active participle, it describes an action that has been completed and whose results are ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often referring to 'things that have happened' or 'events that have occurred.'
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΑ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΤΑ
Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, becoming, or existence.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G2323
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Part of Speech: Verbal Adjective
Sounds like: theh-rah-pef-TEH-on
Translations: must be healed, ought to be healed, must be served, ought to be served, must be cared for, ought to be cared for
Notes: This word is a verbal adjective (gerundive) derived from the verb 'θεραπεύω' (therapeuō), meaning 'to heal,' 'to serve,' or 'to care for.' The suffix '-τεον' indicates necessity or obligation, so the word means 'that which must be healed,' 'that which ought to be served,' or 'that which must be cared for.' It implies a duty or a requirement for an action to be performed.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΙΑΤΕΟΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΟΝ
G0794
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: as-KOON-tas
Translations: practicing, exercising, training, performing, observing, those practicing, those exercising
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'askeo', meaning to practice, exercise, or train. It describes someone or something that is actively engaged in these actions. It can also refer to performing or observing something, often in a diligent or disciplined manner.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ἘΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G0703
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Ah-reh-TEN
Translations: virtue, excellence, moral excellence, goodness, a virtue, an excellence
Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, goodness, or virtue. It can also denote any kind of excellence, quality, or inherent power. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the quality or virtue being acted upon or referred to.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pos
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, habit, character, conduct, turn
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or mode of doing something. It can also describe a custom, habit, or one's character and conduct. It is often used to describe how an action is performed or the nature of a person's behavior.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΗ, ΕΘΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb τρέπω (trepō), meaning 'to turn'. The noun refers to the way something turns or is directed, hence its meaning of 'manner' or 'way'.
G2322
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-rah-PEH-ee-ahs
Translations: of healing, of cure, of service, of attendance, of worship
Notes: This word refers to the act of healing or curing, often in a medical sense. It can also denote service, attendance, or care, particularly for the sick or for a deity (worship). In a sentence, it would indicate the source or object of such actions, for example, 'the power of healing' or 'the garments of service'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΑΣΙΣ, ΥΓΙΕΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ
G3741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-see-OH-tah-toss
Translations: most holy, most pious, most devout, most righteous
Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'hosios', meaning 'holy' or 'pious'. It describes something or someone as being 'most holy' or 'most pious', indicating the highest degree of reverence, devotion, or righteousness. It is used to emphasize an extreme level of sanctity or moral purity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΕΣΤΑΤΟΣ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0050
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ag-no-OON-tes
Translations: ignorant, not knowing, unaware, being ignorant, being unaware
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being ignorant' or 'not knowing'. It describes someone who is in a state of not having knowledge or information about something. It is often used to indicate a lack of understanding or awareness, and can imply a state of being uninformed or mistaken.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΑΠΕΙΡΟΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-nee-oy
Translations: some, certain, certain ones
Notes: This word is an indefinite adjective or pronoun, meaning 'some' or 'certain'. It is used to refer to an unspecified group of people or things. In this form, it functions as a plural masculine nominative, often translated as 'some people' or 'certain ones'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΙΝΕΣ, ΟἹ ΜΕΝ
Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'among'.
G4863
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: syng-grah-FEH-ohn
Translations: of a writer, of writers, of an author, of authors
Notes: This word refers to a writer, author, or historian. It is used to denote someone who composes or records written works. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to a writer' or 'from writers'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΗΤΗΣ, ΛΟΓΟΓΡΑΦΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nos
Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile
Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G5355
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FTHO-noo
Translations: of envy, of jealousy, of ill will
Notes: This word refers to the feeling of envy, jealousy, or ill will towards another person, often arising from a desire for what they possess or achieve. It is used to describe a negative emotion that can lead to harmful actions or attitudes. In a sentence, it would indicate the source or object of such a feeling.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΒΑΣΚΑΝΙΑ
G0236
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: al-LAS
Translations: change, exchange, alter, transform, substitute
Notes: This verb means to change, alter, or exchange something. It can be used to describe a physical transformation, a change in circumstances, or the act of substituting one thing for another. It is often used in the middle voice (ἈΛΛΆΣΣΟΜΑΙ) to mean 'to be changed' or 'to exchange for oneself'.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΆΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΊΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: From ἌΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other'. The verb signifies making something 'other' than it was.
G0156
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ai-TEE-as
Translations: of cause, of reason, of charge, of accusation, of fault, of a cause, of a reason, of a charge, of an accusation, of a fault
Notes: This word refers to the cause or reason behind an event or action. It can also denote a charge or accusation, particularly in a legal or judicial context, indicating the grounds for a complaint or indictment. It is used to explain why something happened or to assign blame.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ἘΓΚΛΗΜΑ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G5198
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yee-gee-EES
Translations: healthy, sound, whole, well
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being healthy, sound, or whole. It is often used to refer to physical well-being, indicating a state of good health. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is sound, true, or wholesome, such as sound doctrine or a healthy mind.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΥΕΚΤΗΣ, ΕΥΘΥΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the root *hygiēs, meaning 'healthy, sound'. It is related to the English word 'hygiene'.
G3420
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MNEE-main
Translations: remembrance, memory, a remembrance, a memory
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of memory or the act of remembering. It can denote a recollection, a memorial, or the state of being remembered. It is often used in contexts relating to recalling past events, people, or divine acts.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΝΕΙΑ, ΑΝΑΜΝΗΣΙΣ
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EL-ee-pon
Translations: I omitted, I neglected, I passed over, I left out, I disregarded
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and the verb λείπω (leipō, meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'). It means to omit, neglect, pass over, or leave out. It implies a failure to include or mention something, or to disregard it.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ
G5039
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tek-MEH-ree-on
Translations: proof, evidence, sign, a proof, an evidence
Notes: This word refers to a sure sign or a conclusive proof, something that provides undeniable evidence. It is used to denote a definitive indication or demonstration of a fact or truth. For example, one might present 'tekmerion' to support an argument or to show that something is true.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb τεκμαίρομαι (tekmairomai), meaning 'to fix a limit, determine, judge,' which is related to τέκμαρ (tekmar), meaning 'a fixed mark, goal, or sign.' The word thus conveys the idea of something that serves as a definitive marker or indicator.
G3633
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-mahee
Translations: I think, I suppose, I imagine, I believe
Notes: This verb means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. It is often used parenthetically in a sentence, similar to how one might say 'I think' or 'I suppose' in English to express an opinion or a less certain statement.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word Οἴομαι (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.
G3930
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EX-ayn
Translations: to provide, to furnish, to supply, to offer, to grant, to cause, to present, to afford
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō). It means 'to provide' or 'to furnish' something to someone. It can also mean 'to offer' or 'to grant' a benefit or service. In a broader sense, it can imply 'to cause' or 'to present' a certain state or condition. It is often used in contexts where one person or entity makes something available to another.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΕΙΝ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to hold alongside' or 'to have ready', which evolved into 'to provide' or 'to furnish'.
G2416
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-ROH-noo-moss
Translations: Hieronymus, Jerome
Notes: Hieronymus is a male proper name of Greek origin. It is a compound word derived from 'ἱερός' (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', and 'ὄνυμα' (onyma), meaning 'name'. Thus, the name means 'sacred name' or 'holy name'. It refers to individuals named Hieronymus, most notably Saint Jerome (Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus), a prominent Christian scholar and theologian.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name ΙΕΡΩΝΥΜΟΣ is derived from the Ancient Greek words ἱερός (hieros, 'sacred, holy') and ὄνυμα (onyma, 'name'). It has been used as a personal name since antiquity.
G1245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-DOKH-ohn
Translations: of successors, of heirs, of those who follow
Notes: This word refers to those who follow in succession, such as heirs, successors to a throne or office, or those who come after in a sequence. It is used to describe a group of people who take the place of others.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΟΝΩΝ
Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'after', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive'. It literally means 'one who receives in succession'.
G2477
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: his-toh-REE-an
Translations: history, a history, account, a narrative, story, a story, inquiry, a report
Notes: This word refers to a narrative, an account, or a story, particularly one based on inquiry or research. It can denote a historical record or a detailed report of events. It is used in sentences to refer to the subject matter of a written or oral account.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΑΦΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΛΟΓΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ' comes from the verb 'ἱστορέω' (historeō), meaning 'to inquire, to learn by inquiry, to examine'. This verb is related to 'ἵστωρ' (histōr), meaning 'one who knows, an expert, a judge'. The ultimate origin is from Proto-Indo-European, referring to knowledge or wisdom.
G4923
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soong-geh-GRAH-phos
Translations: having written together, having composed, having compiled
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'συνγράφω' (syngraphō), which means 'to write together', 'to compose', or 'to compile'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results, indicating someone who has already performed the act of writing or composing.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G2693
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-kah-TAH-ee-oh
Translations: I brought down, I humbled, I subdued, I cast down
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'καταιόω' (kataioō), meaning 'to bring down', 'to humble', or 'to subdue'. It describes an action of causing someone or something to be brought low, either physically or in status. It is used to express the act of overcoming or subjugating.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-non
Translations: time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a duration, or a specific point in time. It is used to denote the extent or length of an event or situation. For example, it can refer to a long time, a short time, or a particular season.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
G5384
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: FEE-loss
Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a lover
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'lover.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection. It is often used to describe close relationships.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'philos' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of.' It is related to other words in Greek that express affection and friendship.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-tee-GOH-noo
Translations: of Antigonus
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Antigonus. Antigonus was a common name in ancient Greece, particularly among Hellenistic kings and generals, most notably Antigonus I Monophthalmus, one of Alexander the Great's generals and founder of the Antigonid dynasty. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Antigonus's' or 'belonging to Antigonus'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Antigonus is of Greek origin, derived from the elements 'anti' (meaning 'against' or 'in return for') and 'gonos' (meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'). It can be interpreted as 'in place of a parent' or 'born against'.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohs
Translations: (of) a king, (of) king
Notes: This word refers to a monarch or sovereign ruler. It is used to denote the leader of a kingdom or nation. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to a king' or 'from a king'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ah
Translations: Syria
Notes: This word refers to the geographical region of Syria, an ancient country in the Middle East. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'Syria' is of ancient origin, derived from the Greek name for the region. It is believed to be related to Assyria, though the exact etymological connection is debated.
G2012
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-tro-PEH-oo-en
Translations: he was a guardian, he was a steward, he was an administrator, he was a manager, he was a trustee, he was in charge, he administered, he managed
Notes: This word describes the action of acting as a guardian, steward, or administrator. It implies being in charge of someone or something, managing affairs, or overseeing property. It is used to describe someone who has a position of responsibility or oversight.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΙΚΕΩ, ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΕΩ
G3676
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-mohs
Translations: nevertheless, however, yet, still, but, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It indicates a concession or a continuation despite a preceding condition, similar to 'nevertheless' or 'however' in English. It can be used to emphasize that something is true despite an obstacle or contrary fact.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΝ, ΑΛΛΑ, ΚΑΙΤΟΙ
Etymology: From the Greek prefix ὁμο- (homo-), meaning 'same' or 'alike', combined with the suffix -ως (-ōs), which forms adverbs. It originally conveyed the idea of 'in the same way' or 'equally', evolving to mean 'nevertheless' or 'however' in a concessive sense.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-KAH-tah-yoss
Translations: Hecataeus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Hecataeus, a Greek historian and geographer from Miletus. He was an early writer of prose and is known for his works on geography and mythology. The word is used to refer to this specific historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Hecataeus is of Greek origin, derived from Hecate, a goddess in Greek mythology. It was a common personal name in ancient Greece.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEEB-lee-on
Translations: book, scroll, a book, a scroll
Notes: This word refers to a book or a scroll, which was the common form of written material in ancient times. It is a diminutive of the word βίβλος (biblos), meaning 'papyrus' or 'book'. It is used to denote a written document, a record, or a volume of text. For example, one might read 'the book' or 'the scroll' of a prophet.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΟΣ, ΓΡΑΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek βίβλος (biblos, “papyrus, book”), which is thought to be of Egyptian origin, referring to the city of Byblos, a Phoenician city known for exporting papyrus.
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EG-rap-sen
Translations: he wrote, she wrote, it wrote
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to write'. In this form, it indicates a completed action in the past, performed by a single person or thing (he, she, or it). It is used to describe the act of putting words or symbols on a surface, such as paper or a tablet.
Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: oo-DAH-moo
Translations: nowhere, not anywhere
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'nowhere' or 'not anywhere'. It is used to indicate a complete absence of location or presence. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He was found nowhere' or 'There is no justice anywhere'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (locative adverb)
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΑΜΟΣ (oudamos) is a compound word formed from ΟΥ̓ΔΕ (oude), meaning 'not even' or 'nor', and ΔΑΜΟΣ (damos), a poetic or archaic form of ΔΗΜΟΣ (demos), meaning 'people' or 'district'. Thus, it literally means 'not even in any district' or 'not even among any people', evolving to mean 'nowhere'.
G3421
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-nay-mo-NEV-seh
Translations: he remembered, he mentioned, he made mention, he called to mind
Notes: This is a verb in the aorist active indicative, third person singular. It means to remember, to call to mind, or to make mention of something or someone. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ
G2543
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: KAI-toy
Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though
Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ
Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.
G4975
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: skheh-DON
Translations: almost, nearly, well-nigh, about, approximately
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'almost' or 'nearly'. It is used to indicate that something is very close to being true or happening, but not quite. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, conveying a sense of approximation or proximity.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΜΟΝΟΝ
Etymology: From the root of Ancient Greek 'σχεῖν' (scheîn), meaning 'to have, to hold, to be near'. It implies being 'close at hand' or 'nearly'.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-poys
Translations: to places, in places, at places, in the places, at the places
Notes: This word refers to a place, location, or region. In its dative plural form, as 'ΤΟΠΟΙΣ', it indicates 'to', 'in', or 'at' multiple places or locations. It is commonly used to specify the setting or area where an action occurs.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑΙΣ, ΤΟΠΟΙ
G1304
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-TREE-fohs
Translations: having spent, having passed, having continued, having tarried
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, masculine singular nominative, derived from the verb διατρίβω (diatribō). It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear out'. When combined, it means to spend time, to pass time, to tarry, or to continue in a place or activity. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed and has ongoing relevance.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΓΩ
Etymology: The word διατρίβω (diatribō) is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and the verb τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub', 'to wear out', or 'to spend'. The combination suggests the idea of 'wearing out time' or 'passing through time'.
G5118
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: toh-SOO-ton
Translations: so great, so much, so many, so large, so far, such, a such
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective or pronoun meaning 'so great,' 'so much,' or 'so many.' It is used to indicate a quantity, size, or extent that is as great as something previously mentioned or implied. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun. For example, it might be used to say 'so great a crowd' or 'so much money.'
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ
G4286
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-ahee-REH-seess
Translations: choice, purpose, intention, a choice, a purpose, an intention
Notes: This word refers to a deliberate choice, purpose, or intention. It implies a decision made with forethought and preference, often indicating a settled disposition or a fixed aim. It can be used to describe a person's resolve or the underlying motive behind their actions.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΚΟΠΟΣ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN
Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind
Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.
G1308
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ee-NENG-kan
Translations: they carried through, they endured, they spread, they differed, they excelled
Notes: This is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩ (diapherō). The verb is a compound of ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to carry through', 'to endure', 'to spread' (as in news), 'to differ' (from something), or 'to excel' (to be superior). In the provided examples, it seems to convey the sense of enduring or carrying through a siege or war.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Its meaning evolves from the literal sense of carrying something through to more abstract meanings like enduring, differing, or excelling.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOX-ah-men
Translations: we thought, we seemed, we resolved, we decided
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'we thought' or 'we seemed'. It describes an action where a group of people formed an opinion, came to a conclusion, or appeared in a certain way. It can also mean 'we resolved' or 'we decided'.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ
G4705
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: spoo-DAI-as
Translations: diligent, earnest, zealous, serious, important, a serious, an important
Notes: This word describes something or someone as diligent, earnest, or zealous. It can also refer to something that is serious or important. It is used to qualify a noun, indicating a quality of the noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΕΜΝΟΣ, ΣΟΒΑΡΟΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3420
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MNEE-mays
Translations: of memory, of remembrance, of a memorial, of a monument
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of memory, the act of remembering, or a memorial that serves as a reminder. It is used to speak about the recollection of past events or people, or a physical object that commemorates something. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΝΕΙΑ, ΑΝΑΜΝΗΣΙΣ
G0514
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ax-EE-oy
Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, suitable, worthy ones, deserving ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something as having worth, being deserving of something, or being appropriate and fitting for a particular purpose or situation. It is often used to indicate that a person or thing measures up to a certain standard or expectation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ahn
Translations: truth, a truth
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with what is real. In a sentence, it typically functions as the direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the thing that is known, spoken, or done truthfully.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ
G3843
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAN-tohs
Translations: certainly, by all means, altogether, surely, doubtless, absolutely, entirely, at any rate
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize certainty, totality, or necessity. It can be translated as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'by all means,' or 'altogether,' indicating that something is definitely true or will definitely happen. It can also mean 'at any rate' or 'in any case,' suggesting a minimum level of certainty or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΣΗ, ΠΑΝΤΗ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3804
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PA-thos
Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience
Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.
G2172
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-GNO-mon
Translations: grateful, thankful, appreciative, reasonable, sensible, a grateful thing, a reasonable thing
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning grateful, thankful, or appreciative. It can also mean reasonable or sensible. It describes a person or an action that shows good judgment or a sense of gratitude. For example, it might be used to describe a grateful heart or a reasonable decision.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΧΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΦΡΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΓΝΩΜΩΝ is a compound word formed from two parts: ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΓΝΩΜΩΝ (gnomon), meaning 'one who knows' or 'discerning'. Thus, it literally means 'well-knowing' or 'well-discerning', leading to the sense of being grateful or reasonable.
G1987
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pes-ko-TEE-sen
Translations: darkened, overshadowed, obscured, covered with darkness
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb 'σκοτέω' (skoteō), meaning 'to darken' or 'to be dark'. It means to cast a shadow over, to darken, or to obscure something. It is used to describe something that has become dark or has been covered by darkness, either literally or figuratively.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΙΖΩ, ΣΚΟΤΟΩ
Etymology: The word 'ἐπισκοτέω' (episkoteō) is derived from the prefix 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb 'σκοτέω' (skoteō), which comes from 'σκότος' (skotos), meaning 'darkness'.
G0714
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ar-KOO-see
Translations: they are sufficient, they suffice, they are enough, they content, they satisfy
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be sufficient,' 'to suffice,' or 'to be enough.' It is often used to indicate that something meets a need or is adequate for a particular purpose. It can also mean 'to be content' or 'to be satisfied' with something. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'These things are sufficient for us' or 'They are content with what they have.'
Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΩ, ΕΞΑΡΚΕΩ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0585
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-sin
Translations: proof, demonstration, a demonstration, evidence, a showing forth
Notes: This word refers to the act of showing or demonstrating something, often with the implication of providing clear and convincing proof or evidence. It can be used in contexts where a logical argument or a physical manifestation serves to establish the truth or reality of a matter.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ, ΤΕΚΜΗΡΙΟΝ
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khai-O-tay-toss
Translations: of antiquity, of ancientness, of ancient times, of oldness
Notes: This word refers to the state or quality of being ancient or old. It denotes antiquity, ancientness, or the distant past. It is often used to describe things that belong to or are characteristic of ancient times, such as customs, traditions, or historical periods.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΝ
G0004
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ai-GYP-tee-ohn
Translations: of Egyptians, of the Egyptians, Egyptian
Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to Egypt or the Egyptians. It is often used to describe people from Egypt or things associated with that country. It is a genitive plural form, indicating possession or origin from multiple Egyptians.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From ΑἼΓΥΠΤΟΣ (Aigyptos), meaning 'Egypt'.
G5466
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khal-DAI-ohn
Translations: of the Chaldeans
Notes: This word refers to the Chaldeans, an ancient people who inhabited Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. They were known for their wisdom, particularly in astrology and divination. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of the Chaldeans' or 'the land of the Chaldeans'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΔΑΙΟΣ (Chaldaios) is derived from the Hebrew word Kasdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), which refers to the inhabitants of Chaldea. It entered Greek through various ancient contacts.
G5403
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foy-nee-KOHN
Translations: (of) palm trees, (of) palm branches, (of) Phoenicians, (of) purple
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΦΟΙΝΙΞ'. It can refer to palm trees or palm branches, often associated with victory or celebration. It can also refer to the Phoenician people, or to the color purple, which was famously produced in Phoenicia.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΩΝ, ΦΟΙΝΙΚΕΣ
G0324
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-grah-FAH-ee
Translations: records, registers, lists, enrollments, descriptions, accounts
Notes: This word refers to written records, registers, or lists. It can also denote descriptions or accounts of events. It is often used in contexts where official or historical documentation is being discussed.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΓΟΙ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-nays
Translations: to those, for those, in those, with those, those
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'those'. It points to something distant in time or space from the speaker. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'Ἐκεῖνος' (ekeinos) is formed from the adverb 'ἐκεῖ' (ekei), meaning 'there', combined with the pronominal suffix '-νος' (-nos).
G5118
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toh-SOO-toy
Translations: so many, so great, such a number
Notes: This word is an adjective used to indicate a large quantity or magnitude, meaning 'so many' or 'so great'. It describes a noun, emphasizing its number or size. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'so many people' or 'such a great multitude'.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G1672
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: el-LAY-nohn
Translations: of the Greeks, Greeks
Notes: This word refers to people of Greek origin, culture, or language. It is used to distinguish them from other ethnic groups, such as Jews or Romans. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, as in 'the customs of the Greeks' or 'the land of the Greeks'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to 'Ἑλλάς' (Hellas), referring to Greece. It denotes a person from Greece or of Greek descent.
G4860
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soong-grah-FESS
Translations: writers, authors
Notes: This word refers to individuals who write or compose texts, such as authors or historians. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. It is used to describe those who compile or record information.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΗΤΑΙ, ΛΟΓΟΓΡΑΦΟΙ
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TEE
Translations: still, yet, further, more
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating continuation in time or degree. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something that is ongoing or has not happened yet. It can also mean 'further' or 'more' when adding to something or indicating an additional quantity or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ, ἘΤΙΔΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti 'beyond, further'. It is related to Latin et 'and, also'.
G2046
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: ee-RAY-may-noys
Translations: spoken, said, what has been said, things said, words spoken
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'to speak' or 'to say'. It describes something that has already been spoken or said. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the things that have been said' or 'the words spoken'. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative plural, indicating 'to/for the things that have been said'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΦΑΝΕΝΟΙΣ
G2321
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: theh-OH-fee-loss
Translations: Theophilus, friend of God, beloved of God
Notes: Theophilus is a proper name, a compound word derived from 'ΘΕΟΣ' (Theos), meaning 'God', and 'ΦΙΛΟΣ' (Philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'. Therefore, the name means 'friend of God' or 'beloved of God'. It is famously the name of the person to whom the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles are addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Etymology: The name Theophilus is of Greek origin, formed from the words 'theos' (God) and 'philos' (friend, beloved).
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: theh-OH-doh-tos
Translations: Theodotus
Notes: Theodotus is a Greek personal name, meaning 'God-given' or 'given by God'. It is a compound word formed from 'Θεός' (Theos), meaning 'God', and 'δοτός' (dotos), meaning 'given'. It was a common name in ancient times.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Theodotus is derived from the Ancient Greek words 'θεός' (theos), meaning 'god', and 'δοτός' (dotos), meaning 'given'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: MNA-seh-as
Translations: Mnaseas
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a male personal name. It refers to an individual, likely a historical figure or author, as suggested by the provided context where it appears alongside other names of writers.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Mnaseas is of Greek origin, derived from the verb μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of'. It was a common name in ancient Greece.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-ris-toh-FAH-nays
Translations: Aristophanes
Notes: Aristophanes was a renowned ancient Greek comedic playwright. He is known for his satirical and often politically charged plays, which provide valuable insights into Athenian society and politics of his time.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Aristophanes is of Greek origin, derived from 'aristos' meaning 'best' or 'excellent' and 'phainesthai' meaning 'to appear' or 'to show'. Thus, it means 'best appearing' or 'one who appears best'.
G2061
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: her-MOG-en-ace
Translations: Hermogenes
Notes: Hermogenes is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. It is used to identify a person by name, similar to how names are used in English sentences.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Hermogenes is of Greek origin, derived from the elements 'Hermes' (the Greek god) and 'genes' (meaning 'born' or 'begotten'). Thus, it means 'born of Hermes' or 'descendant of Hermes'.
G2117
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-AY-meh-ross
Translations: prosperous, successful, fortunate, happy
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is prosperous, successful, or fortunate. It can refer to a person having good fortune or a situation that turns out well. It is often used to describe a 'good day' or a 'day of prosperity'.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΤΥΧΗΣ, ΕΥ̓ΠΟΡΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek elements: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ἡμέρα (hēmera), meaning 'day'. Thus, it literally means 'having a good day' or 'well-dayed', leading to the sense of prosperity and good fortune.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: KOH-nohn
Translations: unknown
Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It appears to be a misspelling or a garbled form of a known Koine Greek word. It is possible it is a typo for 'κοινών' (koinon), which means 'common' or 'shared', or 'κοινῶν' (koinōn), which is the genitive plural of 'κοινός' (koinos), meaning 'of common things' or 'of shared things'. Without further context or correction, its meaning remains uncertain.
Inflection: Unknown
Etymology: Cannot find any information about the origin of this specific word, as it appears to be a misspelling.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: zoh-PY-ree-ohn
Translations: Zopyrion
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a male personal name. It refers to an individual named Zopyrion. Proper nouns are used to identify specific people, places, or things.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Zopyrion is derived from the Greek word 'ζωπυρέω' (zopyreo), meaning 'to rekindle' or 'to keep alive'. It suggests someone who rekindles or preserves something.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOY
Translations: many, much, a lot of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can be used to say 'many people' or 'much time'. It often appears in the plural form to indicate a multitude.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΕΣ
G5029
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TA-kha
Translations: perhaps, probably, possibly
Notes: This word is an adverb used to express possibility, probability, or uncertainty. It indicates that something is likely to happen or be true, but not with absolute certainty. It can be translated as 'perhaps,' 'probably,' or 'possibly,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΙΣΩΣ, ΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the root ΤΑΧΥΣ (TACHYS), meaning 'swift' or 'quick.' The adverbial form indicates a quick or ready possibility.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GO-geh
Translations: I, I myself, indeed I, as for me
Notes: This word is an emphatic form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to add emphasis or contrast to the speaker, highlighting that 'I' am the one performing the action or holding the opinion, often in contrast to others. It can be translated as 'I myself' or 'as for me'.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative, Emphatic
Synonyms: ἘΓΩ
Etymology: The word ἘΓΩΓΕ is an emphatic form derived from the pronoun ἘΓΩ (ego), meaning 'I', with the addition of the enclitic particle -ΓΕ, which serves to add emphasis or focus to the preceding word.
G1793
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-teh-TOO-khee-kah
Translations: I have met with, I have entreated, I have interceded, I have fallen in with
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἐν' (in, among) and 'τυγχάνω' (to happen, to obtain). In its perfect tense form, it means to have met with someone, to have encountered, or to have made an appeal or intercession on behalf of someone. It describes a completed action of interaction or intervention.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-blee-oys
Translations: to books, in books, on books, by books
Notes: This word refers to books, scrolls, or writings. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object or the location/instrument of an action. For example, it could mean 'to books' (as in giving something to books), 'in books' (as in something written in books), 'on books' (as in something placed on books), or 'by means of books'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ
G3900
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: par-ER-gohs
Translations: by the way, incidentally, casually, superficially, carelessly, in passing
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'by the way' or 'incidentally'. It describes an action done as a side matter, not as the main focus, or something done without much care or attention. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΥΧΩΣ, ΕΝΠΑΡΟΔΩ
Etymology: The word derives from the adjective ΠΑΡΕΡΓΟΣ (parergos), meaning 'subordinate' or 'incidental', which itself comes from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the noun ΕΡΓΟΝ (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'.
G3421
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-nay-moh-NEV-kah-sin
Translations: you have remembered, they have remembered, you have mentioned, they have mentioned
Notes: This word means "to remember" or "to mention." It describes the act of recalling something to mind or bringing it up in conversation or writing. It is often used in contexts where past events or people are being brought to attention.
Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 2nd Person Plural or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-ray-MEH-nohn
Translations: of the things said, of the things spoken, of the things mentioned, of the aforesaid, of the aforementioned
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said' or 'having been spoken'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to things that have already been stated or mentioned. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of the things that have been said' or 'of the aforementioned things'. It is often used to refer back to previous statements or topics in a text.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΛΕΛΑΛΗΜΕΝΩΝ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DROHN
Translations: of men
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), which means 'man' or 'husband'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of men' or 'belonging to men'. It is used to refer to adult males collectively.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'man'.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THAY-ahs
Translations: of truth, of reality, of sincerity, of verity
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being true, real, or sincere. It is often used to describe facts, reality, or moral uprightness. In a sentence, it typically functions as a possessive or descriptive element, indicating that something belongs to or is characterized by truth.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEES
Translations: of beginning, of rule, of origin, of first place, of first principle, of chief, of ruler
Notes: This word refers to a beginning, origin, or the first in a series. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or a ruler. In a sentence, it often indicates the source or starting point of something, or the person/thing in charge. It is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἀρχή'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G4229
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAG-mah-ton
Translations: of things, of matters, of deeds, of affairs, of business, of facts, of objects, of circumstances
Notes: This word refers to things, matters, deeds, or affairs. It is often used in a general sense to denote a situation, an event, or a concrete object. It can also refer to business or legal matters. In the provided examples, it refers to 'evil things' or 'matters' in a general sense.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ
G0264
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ee-MAR-ton
Translations: they missed, they failed, they sinned, they went astray
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'they missed the mark,' 'they failed,' or 'they sinned.' It describes an action of falling short of a goal or standard, often implying a moral or spiritual failure. The prefix 'δι-' (di-) intensifies the meaning, suggesting a complete or thorough failure.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-eh-RAH-ees
Translations: to holy, to sacred, to consecrated, to divine, to a holy, to a sacred, to a consecrated, to a divine
Notes: This word describes something as holy, sacred, consecrated, or divine. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun possesses these qualities. In this form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means by which something is done, and it is plural and feminine, meaning it would modify a plural feminine noun.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΘΕΙΟΣ
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-bloys
Translations: (to) books, (to) scrolls, (to) records
Notes: This is a noun referring to books, scrolls, or written records. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done. For example, it could mean 'to books' or 'by means of books'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ, ΒΙΒΛΙΑ
G1793
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-NEH-too-khon
Translations: met with, encountered, appealed to, interceded for
Notes: This is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ'. It means to meet with someone, to encounter, or to make an appeal or intercession to someone, often on behalf of another. It implies a direct interaction or a formal approach.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KOY-nos
Translations: commonly, in common, generally, universally
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in common' or 'commonly'. It describes an action or state that is shared by multiple individuals or is generally true. For example, it can indicate that something is done together or is a widespread practice.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G3305
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN-toy
Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly
Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.
G0537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PAN-tes
Translations: all, everyone, the whole, every
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'everyone'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of a group or thing, often translated as 'all without exception' or 'the whole of'. It can be used to describe people or things.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ
Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The combination emphasizes the sense of 'all' or 'the whole' in a comprehensive manner.
G3140
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-mar-too-RAY-ka-sin
Translations: they have testified, they have borne witness
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. It is in the perfect tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or significance in the present. It describes a group of people who have given their testimony or witness.
Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΩ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: HAYS
Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what
Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: LEH-gayn
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to say' or 'the act of saying'. It can be used in various constructions where an action is expressed as a concept or purpose.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΕΙΝ, ΦΗΜΙ
G4388
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-e-THE-men
Translations: I purposed, I proposed, I set forth, I displayed, I determined, I planned
Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'protithēmi'. It means to set before, to propose, to purpose, or to display. In the middle voice, it often implies an action done for oneself or with a personal interest, such as purposing or determining something for oneself. It can be used to describe someone making a decision or setting out a plan.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: fah-leh-REFS
Translations: Phalereus, Demetrius of Phalerum
Notes: This word refers to a person from Phalerum, an ancient Athenian harbor. It is most famously associated with Demetrius of Phalerum, an Athenian orator, statesman, and philosopher who governed Athens for ten years and later served as a librarian in Alexandria. When used, it typically identifies someone as originating from or being associated with Phalerum.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word is derived from Φάληρον (Phaleron), the name of an ancient Athenian harbor, with the suffix -εύς (-eus) indicating a person from that place.
G1216
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: day-MAY-tree-os
Translations: Demetrius
Notes: This is a masculine proper name, Demetrius. It was a common name in the ancient world, borne by several historical figures, including a king of Syria and a Christian mentioned in the New Testament. It is used to refer to a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Demetrius is of Greek origin, derived from the name of the goddess Demeter. It means 'devoted to Demeter' or 'follower of Demeter'.
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LON
Translations: of friends, friends
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of friends' or simply 'friends' when the context implies possession or association. For example, 'the house of friends' or 'among friends'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G4245
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pres-BYOO-teh-ros
Translations: older, elder, an elder, old man, an old man
Notes: This word describes someone who is older in age or more advanced in years. It can be used as an adjective to describe an older person, or as a noun referring to an 'elder' or 'old man'. In a religious context, particularly in early Christianity, it refers to a leader or official in the church, often translated as 'elder' or 'presbyter'.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ
Etymology: From the comparative form of the adjective πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old' or 'elderly'. It literally means 'older'.
G2156
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: yoo-POH-leh-moss
Translations: Eupolemus
Notes: Eupolemus is a masculine proper noun, referring to a person's name. It is derived from Greek words meaning 'good' or 'well' and 'war' or 'battle', thus literally meaning 'good in war' or 'good warrior'. It is used to identify an individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὐ (eu, 'good, well') and πόλεμος (polemos, 'war, battle'). The name literally means 'good in war' or 'good warrior'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OYS
Translations: to whom, to which, to what
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.
G4784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-gigh-GNO-skeen
Translations: to forgive, to pardon, to excuse, to understand, to acknowledge
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (with) and the verb ΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ (to know). It means to know with someone, to agree with, or more commonly, to show understanding or leniency, hence to forgive or pardon. It can be used in contexts where one grants forgiveness or makes allowances for someone's actions.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. The combination implies 'to know together' or 'to know with someone', leading to the sense of understanding and forgiveness.
G0514
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AX-ee-on
Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, proper, a worthy thing, a fitting thing
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'worthy,' 'deserving,' or 'fitting.' It is used to describe something or someone that is of appropriate value, merit, or suitability for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used to say that something is 'worthy of' something else, often followed by a genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ (axios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ag- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to the idea of weighing or balancing, thus leading to the sense of 'having weight' or 'being worthy'.
G1793
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-EEN
Translations: was bringing, was carrying, was bearing, brought, carried, bore
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἐνφέρω' (enphero), meaning 'to bring in' or 'to carry in'. It is used to describe an action of bringing or carrying something into a place or situation. It can also imply bringing forth or producing. The form 'ἐνῆν' specifically indicates an action that was ongoing in the past (imperfect tense) or a completed action in the past (aorist tense), depending on context, often with the sense of 'there was' or 'it was in'.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sees
Translations: of all, of every, of the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the noun refers to the entirety of something or every instance of it. It agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used when referring to a singular feminine noun in the genitive case, often indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0195
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-kree-BEY-ahs
Translations: of accuracy, of exactness, of precision, of strictness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being accurate, exact, or precise. It denotes a state of strictness, thoroughness, or carefulness in judgment, observation, or action. It is used to describe a high degree of correctness or detail.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΚΡΙΒΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΣΙΑ
G2251
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-roys
Translations: our, our own, our people, our things
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'our own'. It is used to indicate possession by the first person plural (we). It can refer to people ('our people') or things ('our things') belonging to 'us'. In this form, it is a plural dative, meaning 'to/for our' or 'with/by our'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ, ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the Koine Greek pronoun ἡμεῖς (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from the first person plural pronoun.
G1121
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GRAHM-mah-see
Translations: (to) letters, (by) writings, (with) documents, (in) literature
Notes: This word refers to a letter of the alphabet, a written character, or more broadly, a piece of writing, a document, or even literature. In its dative plural form, as seen in ΓΡΑΜΜΑΣΙ, it often indicates the means or instrument by which something is done, such as 'by means of letters' or 'with writings'. It can also denote location or association, like 'in letters' or 'among writings'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΓΡΑΜΜΑ comes from the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It originally referred to a mark or line, then developed to mean a written character or letter, and subsequently, a piece of writing.
G3877
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-ko-loo-THEIN
Translations: to follow closely, to investigate, to examine, to understand, to ascertain, to trace, to learn accurately
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἀκολουθέω' (akoloutheō), meaning 'to follow'. It signifies following closely, either physically or mentally. It can mean to follow a course of events, to investigate a matter thoroughly, to examine something carefully, or to understand something accurately by tracing its details. It implies a diligent and precise understanding or observation.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
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