Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Against Apion / Book One / Chapter 27Book One, Chapter 27
Interlinear version from Josephus' Against Apion (Beta)
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G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G5053
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: teh-teh-le-oo-TEE-koh-tas
Translations: the dead, those who have died, those who have finished, the deceased
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, masculine accusative plural, derived from the verb 'teleutaō', meaning 'to finish' or 'to die'. It refers to those who have completed their life, hence 'the dead' or 'the deceased'. It is often used substantively, functioning as a noun to refer to a group of people.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΟΥΣ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΑΣ
G4306
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: proo-no-EE-sen
Translations: he provided, he took thought beforehand, he foresaw, he planned, he took care of
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb προνοέω (pronoéō). It means 'he/she/it provided,' 'he/she/it took thought beforehand,' 'he/she/it foresaw,' 'he/she/it planned,' or 'he/she/it took care of.' It describes an action completed in the past, emphasizing the foresight or prior planning involved in providing for or taking care of something or someone.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΛΕΠΩ, ΠΡΟΟΡΑΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word προνοέω (pronoéō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pró), meaning 'before' or 'in front of,' and the verb νοέω (noéō), meaning 'to perceive,' 'to think,' or 'to understand.' Thus, it literally means 'to think beforehand' or 'to perceive in advance,' leading to the sense of providing or planning.
G3741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HO-see-as
Translations: (of) holy, (of) pious, (of) righteous, (of) devout
Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, pious, or devout. It refers to that which is consecrated or set apart for God, or to a person who is reverent and righteous in their conduct towards God and others. It is often used in a religious or moral context to denote a state of purity or devotion.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΕΥΣΕΒΟΥΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G4189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-ly-TE-li-ais
Translations: (by) costliness, (by) extravagance, (by) splendor, (by) luxury
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being very costly, expensive, or luxurious. It can also denote extravagance, splendor, or magnificence. In a sentence, it would describe something characterized by great expense or elaborate display, often in a negative sense implying excessive spending or showiness, but sometimes positively for grandeur.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΑΠΑΝΑΙΣ, ΠΛΟΥΤΩ
G1779
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-TAH-fee-ohn
Translations: of burial, of funeral, of grave clothes, of grave spices
Notes: This word refers to things associated with burial, such as grave clothes, spices used for embalming, or other funeral preparations. It is typically used in the genitive case to describe something belonging to or related to a burial.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΑΦΗΣ, ΚΗΔΕΙΑΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΝΤΑΦΙΟΝ (entaphion) comes from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in', and the verb ΘΑΠΤΩ (thaptō), meaning 'to bury'. Thus, it literally refers to something 'in burial' or 'for burial'.
G2682
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-skye-VAH-ees
Translations: preparations, equipment, arrangements, constructions, structures, of preparations, of equipment, of arrangements, of constructions, of structures
Notes: This word refers to the act of preparing or equipping something, or the resulting product of such an act, such as a structure or piece of equipment. It is often used in the plural to denote various preparations or arrangements. It can also refer to the construction or building of something.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΗ
G3419
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mnay-MEH-ee-ohn
Translations: (of) monuments, (of) tombs, (of) memorials, (of) sepulchers
Notes: This word refers to a monument, a memorial, or a tomb. It is typically a structure built to commemorate a person or event, or a place where a dead person is buried. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relation, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ
G2016
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-pee-fah-NOHN
Translations: of eminent, of notable, of distinguished, of famous, of illustrious, of prominent, of the eminent ones, of the notable ones, of the distinguished ones
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'eminent,' 'notable,' 'distinguished,' 'famous,' 'illustrious,' or 'prominent.' It is used here in the genitive plural, often referring to 'of eminent people' or 'of the prominent ones.' It describes individuals who stand out due to their status, reputation, or achievements.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΒΛΕΠΤΩΝ, ΛΑΜΠΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΦΑΝΗΣ (epiphanēs) comes from the prefix ἐπι- (epi-), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to appear' or 'to shine.' Thus, it literally means 'appearing upon' or 'shining upon,' leading to the sense of being conspicuous, manifest, or distinguished.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G2743
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kay-DEH-ee-an
Translations: care, anxiety, funeral, burial, a funeral, a burial
Notes: This word refers to care, concern, or anxiety, often with a sense of responsibility or solicitude. It can also specifically denote a funeral or burial, reflecting the care given to the deceased. In a sentence, it might describe someone's deep concern for a matter or the arrangements for a funeral.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑ, ΤΑΦΗ, ΕΝΤΑΦΙΑΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΗΔΕΙΑ (kēdeia) comes from the verb κήδω (kēdō), meaning 'to care for, to trouble oneself about'. It is related to the idea of concern and responsibility.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G3625
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oy-kay-oh-TAH-toys
Translations: most intimate, most familiar, most closely related, most domestic, most appropriate
Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'oikeios', meaning 'belonging to a house or family, domestic, intimate, proper'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of these qualities, referring to those who are most closely related, most intimate, or most appropriate in a given context. It is often used to describe family members or very close friends.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Superlative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΣΤΑΤΟΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΙΛΕΣΤΑΤΟΙΣ
G2005
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-LEIN
Translations: to complete, to finish, to perform, to accomplish, to carry out, to execute, to bring to an end
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἘΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ. It means to bring something to completion, to finish a task, or to perform an action. It implies carrying out a duty or fulfilling a purpose, often with the sense of bringing it to a successful conclusion. It can be used in contexts where one is commanded or expected to perform certain actions or duties.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleo), meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete'. Thus, it literally means 'to finish upon' or 'to bring to completion'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-see
Translations: (to) all, (for) all, (to) every, (for) every, (to) the whole, (for) the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. As a dative plural form, it typically signifies 'to all' or 'for all', indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣΙ, ΟΛΟΙΣ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3918
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: par-ee-OO-see
Translations: being present, those being present, to those being present, for those being present
Notes: This word is a participle, indicating an action or state of 'being present' or 'being near'. It describes people or things that are currently in a particular place or situation. It is used in the dative case, meaning it often functions as an indirect object, indicating 'to' or 'for' those who are present.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'near', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G4334
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-el-THAYN
Translations: to come to, to approach, to go to, to draw near, to appear before
Notes: ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΕΙΝ is the aorist infinitive form of the verb προσέρχομαι (proserchomai), which is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'). It signifies the action of moving towards or approaching someone or something, often with the intention of interacting, presenting oneself, or engaging. It can be used in various contexts, such as approaching a person, a place, or even a concept like God or a king.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word προσέρχομαι is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, towards, with', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come, to go'. Its etymology reflects the directional movement implied by its meaning.
G4830
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ah-poh-doo-RAH-sthai
Translations: to lament with, to mourn with, to bewail with
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (with), 'ἀπό' (from, off), and 'δύρομαι' (to lament, to mourn). It means to join in lamenting or mourning with someone, or to bewail something alongside others. It implies a shared experience of grief or sorrow.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΡΗΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ
G2507
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-thai-REIN
Translations: to pull down, to tear down, to destroy, to overthrow, to depose, to purify, to cleanse
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'). It generally means to bring something down, whether literally like a building, or figuratively like a ruler from power. It can also refer to the act of purifying or cleansing, especially in a ritual or moral sense, by removing impurities.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3624
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-kon
Translations: house, a house, home, a home, household, a household, temple, a temple
Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a building where people live, or a household including its inhabitants and possessions. It can also refer to a temple or a place of worship. In the provided context, it is used in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb, often meaning 'to build a house' or 'into the house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ
G1774
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: en-oy-KOON-tas
Translations: those who dwell, the inhabitants, those dwelling in, those inhabiting
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'dwelling in' or 'inhabiting'. It refers to individuals or groups who are currently residing in a place. In the provided context, it is used in the accusative plural, referring to 'those who dwell' or 'the inhabitants' of a specific location.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΑΣ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G2743
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KAY-doos
Translations: (of) care, (of) concern, (of) trouble, (of) sorrow, (of) grief, (of) mourning
Notes: This word refers to a state of care, concern, or anxiety, often implying a burden or trouble. It can also denote sorrow, grief, or mourning, particularly in the context of death or loss. It is used to describe the emotional weight or responsibility one carries.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑ, ΛΥΠΗ, ΠΕΝΘΟΣ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLAY-ston
Translations: most, very much, the greatest part, the majority, most of all, especially
Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it means 'most' or 'the greatest part/majority'. As an adverb, it means 'most of all' or 'especially'. It is used to indicate the highest degree or quantity of something.
Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ
G0568
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PEH-khee
Translations: is distant, is far, has received in full, is sufficient, abstains, holds off
Notes: This word is a verb that can have several meanings depending on context. It often means 'to be distant' or 'to be far away from something'. It can also mean 'to have received in full' or 'to have received full payment', particularly in financial contexts. Additionally, it can mean 'to abstain from' or 'to hold oneself off from' something. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the sense of 'being distant'.
Inflection: Present, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KEIN
Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.
G2513
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ka-tha-ROS
Translations: clean, pure, clear, innocent, undefiled, guiltless
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is clean, pure, or free from defilement, whether physical, moral, or ritual. It can refer to a person who is innocent or guiltless, or to an object that is unmixed or unadulterated. It is used to describe a state of being free from impurity.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, meaning to purify. It refers to a state of being free from defilement.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G5408
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOH-non
Translations: murder, a murder, slaughter, a slaughter
Notes: This word refers to the act of murder or slaughter. It is used to describe the violent killing of a person or people. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating what was done.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ, ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΚΟΠΗ
G2038
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: er-ga-SAH-meh-nos
Translations: having worked, having done, having performed, having labored, having accomplished, having traded
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ergazomai', meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It implies that the subject performed the action for themselves or was actively involved in the process.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΡΑΩ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G0007
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ay-GYP-tee-oy
Translations: Egyptians, an Egyptian
Notes: This word refers to the people of Egypt, or something pertaining to Egypt. It is used to describe individuals or groups originating from or associated with the land of Egypt.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative
Etymology: From ΑἼΓΥΠΤΟΣ (Aígyptos, "Egypt").
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHE-roo-see
Translations: they carry, they bear, they bring, they produce
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to carry, bear, or bring. It can refer to physically transporting something, enduring something, or producing fruit or results. It is often used in contexts where something is being moved from one place to another, or when a person or thing is yielding something.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TAWT
Translations: this, that, these, those
Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. For example, it can mean 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or simply 'is' in a sentence.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with the English word 'is' and Latin 'est'.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-rah
Translations: other, another, a different, a different one
Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another', emphasizing a qualitative difference, meaning 'different in kind'. It is used to distinguish one thing from another that is distinct or dissimilar. For example, 'another kind of person' or 'a different way'.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-tero- (other of two), from *sem- (one, together).
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nah
Translations: more, many, a greater number, a greater amount
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, number, or degree of something. It can function as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more than' or 'greater than', or as a substantive, referring to 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΙΖΩΝ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.
G3929
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EE-ay-mee
Translations: let go, let pass, neglect, omit, disregard, yield, give way
Notes: This verb means to let something go, to pass over, or to omit. It can also mean to neglect or disregard something, or to yield or give way to someone or something. It is often used in contexts where one chooses to skip over information or to allow something to proceed without intervention.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular; or Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΑΩ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρίημι (paríēmi), from παρά (pará, “beside, by”) + ἵημι (híēmi, “to send, to throw”).
G4930
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-toh-MEE-as
Translations: of brevity, of conciseness, of shortness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being brief, concise, or short. It is often used in contexts where something is done or said in a summary or abbreviated manner, or when referring to the state of being short in duration or extent. For example, one might speak of the brevity of a speech or the shortness of a journey.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΡΑΧΥΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΤΟΜΟΣ
G1752
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EH-neh-kah
Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'because of,' 'on account of,' or 'for the sake of.' It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating the reason or purpose for something. For example, one might say 'ΕΝΕΚΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ' (heneka tou nomou) meaning 'because of the law.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ
Etymology: From an obsolete noun meaning 'cause' or 'reason'. It is related to the Greek word 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-NEH-thohs
Translations: Manetho
Notes: Manetho was an ancient Egyptian priest and historian who lived during the Ptolemaic era. He is known for his Aegyptiaca (History of Egypt), a chronological account of the pharaohs of ancient Egypt, which is a crucial source for the chronology of Egyptian history. The name is used to refer to this specific historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Manetho is of Egyptian origin, likely derived from an Egyptian phrase meaning 'Truth of Thoth' or 'Gift of Thoth'.
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1909, G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-AYL-then
Translations: came upon, came over, came, went, arrived, attacked, befell
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.' In this form, it means 'he/she/it came upon,' 'came over,' 'befell,' or 'attacked.' It describes an action of coming or going that has an impact or effect on something or someone, often implying an arrival or an onset, such as a curse or a calamity coming upon someone.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΗΛΘΕΝ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΗΛΘΕΝ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Ah-meh-NOH-fis
Translations: Amenophis
Notes: Amenophis is a proper noun, specifically the Hellenized name of several ancient Egyptian pharaohs of the Eighteenth Dynasty. It is used to refer to these historical figures. For example, one might say 'Amenophis ruled for X years.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name ἈΜΕΝΩΦΙΣ is a Greek transliteration of the ancient Egyptian name 'Amenhotep', meaning 'Amun is content'.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ahee-thee-oh-PEE-as
Translations: of Ethiopia
Notes: This word refers to the country of Ethiopia, an ancient land located in Northeast Africa. In Koine Greek texts, it is often used to denote the geographical region or its inhabitants.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name "Αἰθιοπία" (Aithiopia) is derived from the Greek words "αἴθω" (aithō, meaning 'I burn') and "ὄψ" (ops, meaning 'face'). It literally means 'land of burnt faces' or 'land of those with burnt faces', referring to the dark complexion of its inhabitants.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gah-lays
Translations: (of) great, (of) large, (of) mighty, (of) powerful
Notes: This word describes something that is large in size, great in importance, or intense in degree. It is used to modify feminine nouns in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-ohs
Translations: of power, of strength, of ability, of might, of a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, strength, or ability. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something, such as 'of power' or 'of strength'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ram-PSES
Translations: Ramesses, Rameses
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the name of several ancient Egyptian pharaohs, most notably Ramesses II, also known as Ramesses the Great. It is used to identify a specific historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Ramesses' is of Egyptian origin, meaning 'Ra is the one who bore him' or 'born of Ra'. It was a common royal name during the New Kingdom period of ancient Egypt.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-ohn
Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DY-na-min
Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. It is used to describe the capacity to perform something, whether physical, moral, or spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G4820
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: soom-BAL-lon-tes
Translations: having met, having encountered, having joined battle, having conferred, having contributed, having compared
Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'συμβάλλω' (symballō), meaning 'to throw together' or 'to bring together'. It is often used in contexts of meeting, encountering, or engaging in conflict (like joining battle). It can also mean to confer or consult, or to contribute something. The specific meaning depends on the context.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G4166
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poy-MEH-see
Translations: to shepherds, for shepherds, with shepherds, by shepherds
Notes: This word refers to shepherds, those who tend sheep. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, or expressing association, means, or location. Therefore, it often translates as 'to,' 'for,' 'with,' or 'by' shepherds, depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΚΟΛΟΙ, ΝΟΜΕΙΣ
G3392
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mee-ah-ROYS
Translations: (to) defiled, (to) polluted, (to) unclean, (to) abominable
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is ceremonially or morally defiled, polluted, or unclean. It is used to refer to things that are considered impure or abominable, often in a religious or ethical sense. As an adjective, it modifies nouns, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being defiled or impure. This specific form is a dative plural, meaning it would typically be used with a preposition like 'to' or 'for', or as an indirect object, referring to multiple defiled entities.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΙΣ, ΑΝΟΣΙΟΙΣ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΙΣ
G3528
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-NEE-kay-san
Translations: they conquered, they overcame, they prevailed, they won
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they conquered' or 'they overcame'. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people. It is often used in contexts of victory, triumph, or prevailing over an adversary or challenge.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ, ΘΡΙΑΜΒΕΥΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOOS
Translations: many, much, great
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many', 'much', or 'great'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. In this form, it functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating that 'many' people or things are being acted upon.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΑΦΘΟΝΟΣ
G0615
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-pok-TEI-nan-tes
Translations: having killed, having murdered, having slain, killing, murdering, slaying
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apokteinō', meaning 'to kill' or 'to murder'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often in relation to another verb in the sentence. It indicates someone who has performed the act of killing or murdering.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΟΝΕΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ
G1377
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DEE-oh-xahn
Translations: they pursued, they persecuted, they chased, they followed after
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pursue', 'to chase', 'to follow after', or 'to persecute'. It describes an action of actively going after someone or something, either with hostile intent (persecution) or simply to follow or reach a goal. In its past tense form, as seen here, it indicates that a group of people performed this action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ
G0891
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: AKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, unto, even to
Notes: This word functions as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' and is typically followed by the genitive case. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while', introducing a clause that specifies a time limit. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It denotes a point or period that something reaches or continues.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.
G3725
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: o-REE-ohn
Translations: (of) boundaries, (of) borders, (of) limits, (of) regions
Notes: ΟΡΙΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the neuter noun ΟΡΙΟΝ. It refers to a boundary, border, or limit, often denoting the edge of a territory or a defined area. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or separation from multiple boundaries or regions.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΤΕΡΜΑ
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ahs
Translations: (of) Syria
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the ancient region of Syria, located in the Middle East. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of Syria' or 'from Syria'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Aramaic, referring to the region of Aram.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-tah
Translations: such things, such, of such a kind, these things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context, indicating their nature or quality. It often functions as a substantive, meaning 'such things' or 'people of such a kind'.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G4933
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EG-rap-sen
Translations: he wrote, she wrote, it wrote, he composed, she composed, it composed, he compiled, she compiled, it compiled
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'συνγράφω' (syngraphō). It means 'he/she/it wrote together,' 'composed,' or 'compiled.' It describes an action of writing or compiling that was completed in the past by a single subject.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word συνγράφω (syngraphō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write.' Thus, it literally means 'to write together' or 'to compile by writing.'
G3002
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LAY-reh-ee
Translations: he talks nonsense, he raves, he babbles
Notes: This word describes the act of speaking foolishly, babbling, or talking nonsense. It implies a lack of sense or coherence in speech, often used to dismiss someone's words as absurd or irrational. It is typically used in the third person singular.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΛΥΑΡΕΩ, ΜΩΡΑΙΝΩ
G5574
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: psyoo-DEH-tai
Translations: lies, is lying, deceives, is deceiving
Notes: This word means to lie, to speak falsely, or to deceive. It describes the action of someone who intentionally misrepresents the truth. It can be used in sentences like 'He lies' or 'She is deceiving'.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ
G4032
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: peh-ree-fah-NOHS
Translations: conspicuously, prominently, clearly, obviously, remarkably, gloriously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning conspicuously or prominently. It describes an action or state that is easily seen, noticed, or understood, often implying a striking or remarkable quality. It can be used to emphasize the clarity or distinctness of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΜΦΑΝΩΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ, ΔΗΛΩΣ
G1925
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-DEIK-soh
Translations: I will show, I will display, I will demonstrate, I will prove
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix 'ἐπί' (upon, to, in addition) and the verb 'δείκνυμι' (to show, to point out). In its future tense form, 'ἐπιδείξω' means 'I will show' or 'I will display'. It implies a public or clear demonstration, often with the intent to prove or make something evident. It can be used in contexts where one intends to present something for observation, to exhibit, or to make a point clear.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΕΊΞΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΏΣΩ, ἈΠΟΔΕΊΞΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to, in addition) and the verb 'δείκνυμι' (to show, to point out). The verb 'δείκνυμι' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to show, to point out'.
G4282
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pro-dee-as-tei-LA-me-nos
Translations: having previously distinguished, having previously marked off, having previously explained, having previously warned
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from 'προ' (before), 'διά' (through, apart), and 'στέλλω' (to send, to set, to arrange). It describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing relevance, indicating that someone has already distinguished, marked off, explained, or warned about something beforehand. It implies a prior clarification or demarcation.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word προδιαστέλλω is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro, 'before'), διά (dia, 'through' or 'apart'), and the verb στέλλω (stellō, 'to send', 'to arrange', 'to set'). It signifies an action of setting something apart or explaining it in advance.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh
Translations: that, that one, that thing, the former
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned in the discourse. It functions similarly to 'this' but indicates a greater distance or a distinction from something closer or more immediate. For example, it can be used to distinguish 'that house' from 'this house'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: From a combination of the demonstrative particle ἐκεῖ (there) and the pronominal suffix -νος. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there'.
G5306
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron
Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later
Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial
Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ
Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-looce
Translations: others, other, another, different
Notes: This word refers to 'other' people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a different one or a different group. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He saw others' meaning he saw different people.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: lekh-thee-so-MEH-non
Translations: of things that will be said, of things to be spoken, of things to be uttered
Notes: This word is a future passive participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a future passive participle, it describes something that is 'about to be said' or 'destined to be spoken'. It is used to refer to things that will be the subject of speech or declaration in the future.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All Genders
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: deh-DOH-keh
Translations: he has given, she has given, it has given
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to give'. It is in the perfect tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It describes someone or something that has performed the act of giving.
Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΣΙ, ΔΩΣΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (to give).
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G3670
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-moh-loh-GEH-ken
Translations: he has confessed, he has acknowledged, he has agreed, he has promised
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to confess,' 'to acknowledge,' 'to agree,' or 'to promise.' It describes the act of speaking in agreement with someone or something, or making a formal declaration. It can be used in contexts where someone admits a truth, acknowledges a fact, or commits to an action.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ
Etymology: The word Ὁμολογέω (homologeo) is a compound word derived from the Greek words ὁμός (homos), meaning 'same' or 'common,' and λέγω (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak.' Thus, it literally means 'to say the same thing' or 'to agree with what is said.'
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEES
Translations: of beginning, of rule, of origin, of first place, of first principle, of chief, of ruler
Notes: This word refers to a beginning, origin, or the first in a series. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or a ruler. In a sentence, it often indicates the source or starting point of something, or the person/thing in charge. It is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἀρχή'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GEH-nos
Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind
Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.
G0007
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ai-GYP-tee-oos
Translations: Egyptians
Notes: This word refers to people from Egypt. It is used to describe the inhabitants of the land of Egypt or things pertaining to Egypt. In the provided examples, it is used as a noun referring to the people themselves.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: The word "Αἰγύπτιος" (Aigyptios) is derived from "Αἴγυπτος" (Aigyptos), which is the Greek name for Egypt. It refers to someone or something belonging to or originating from Egypt.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G1855
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EX-oh-then
Translations: outside, from outside, outwardly, without
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'outside' or 'from outside'. It describes something that is external or comes from an external source. It can be used to specify where an action takes place or where something originates.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΞΩ
G1904
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-pel-THON-tas
Translations: having come upon, having attacked, having arrived, having approached, having overtaken
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἐπέρχομαι (eperchomai), meaning 'to come upon, to attack, to arrive, to approach, or to overtake'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It is often used to describe an action that precedes or accompanies another action, such as 'having come upon them, they did X'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come, to go').
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΛΘΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΦΘΑΣΑΝ
G2902
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kra-TAY-sai
Translations: to seize, to grasp, to hold, to take hold of, to prevail, to rule, to master
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'krateō'. It generally means to take hold of, to grasp, to hold fast, or to prevail over something or someone. It can also imply exercising power or authority, or mastering a situation. It is often followed by a genitive case to indicate what is being seized or held.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ
G0125
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ahee-GYP-too
Translations: of Egypt
Notes: This word refers to Egypt, an ancient country in northeastern Africa, known for its rich history and significant role in biblical narratives, particularly as the place where the Israelites were enslaved before their exodus. It is often mentioned in contexts relating to its geographical location or its people.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TES
Translations: (of) her, her, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a form of the third-person pronoun 'autos'. It is used to refer to a singular feminine noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from the context. It indicates possession or is used after prepositions that require the genitive case. For example, it could mean 'her' (as in 'her house') or 'of her'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0565
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-EL-thayn
Translations: to go away, to depart, to leave, to go back
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It is used to express the action of leaving a place or person, or going back to a previous location. It can be used in various contexts to indicate movement away from something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0383
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-MIKH-thay-san
Translations: they were mixed, they mingled, they associated with
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to mix up, to mingle, or to associate with'. It is often used to describe people or groups becoming intertwined or joining together. In the provided context, it refers to people associating or mingling with others.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ
G0004
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ai-GYP-tee-ohn
Translations: of Egyptians, of the Egyptians, Egyptian
Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to Egypt or the Egyptians. It is often used to describe people from Egypt or things associated with that country. It is a genitive plural form, indicating possession or origin from multiple Egyptians.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From ΑἼΓΥΠΤΟΣ (Aigyptos), meaning 'Egypt'.
G4983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SOH-mah-tah
Translations: bodies, slaves, persons
Notes: This word refers to physical bodies, but in ancient contexts, it could also refer to slaves or persons, especially when counted as property. It is the plural form of the noun 'σῶμα' (sōma).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΚΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΑ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ
G3077
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: leh-loh-BEE-meh-noi
Translations: mutilated, disfigured, injured, abused, those who are mutilated, those who are disfigured
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been mutilated' or 'those who have been mutilated'. It describes someone or something that has suffered physical harm, disfigurement, or abuse. It is used to refer to individuals who have been permanently injured or marred.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΗΡΩΜΕΝΟΙ, ΤΕΤΡΩΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: The verb λωβάομαι (lobaomai) from which this participle is derived, means 'to outrage, to maltreat, to mutilate'. It is related to λώβη (lobe), meaning 'dishonor, outrage, disgrace'.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G3475
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: moy-SEES
Translations: Moses
Notes: This is the name of Moses, the great prophet and lawgiver of ancient Israel. In the Bible, he is known for leading the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and for receiving the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai. It is used as a direct subject in sentences, referring to the person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew מֹשֶׁה (Moshe), possibly meaning "drawn out" (from water).
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-on
Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation, multitude, a multitude
Notes: This word refers to a group of people, a nation, or a multitude. It is a masculine noun and is often used to describe the general populace or a specific ethnic group. In the given form, it is used as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
G0071
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-gah-GOHN
Translations: leading, bringing, taking, having led, having brought, having taken
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ago', meaning 'to lead, bring, or take'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it generally means 'having led', 'having brought', or 'having taken', indicating a completed action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩΝ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'ago' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, or move'. It is related to words in various Indo-European languages that convey the idea of leading or moving.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LAIS
Translations: to many, with many, by many, for many
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used here in its dative, plural, feminine form, indicating that it modifies a feminine plural noun in the dative case. It describes a quantity or abundance of something.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-geh-GO-nay
Translations: had become, had happened, had come to pass, had been, had arisen
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' 'ἘΓΕΓΟΝΕΙ' is the pluperfect tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past before another past action. It describes a state or event that had already occurred.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ
G1074
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-neh-A-ees
Translations: (to) generations, (to) ages, (to) times, (to) races, (to) families
Notes: This word refers to a generation, an age, a period of time, or a race/family. It is used to denote a group of people born around the same time, or a specific historical period. It can also refer to a lineage or a family line. In the provided context, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' generations/ages.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΙΩΝ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ
G4387
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron
Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing
Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)
Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G3985
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pei-RAH-so-mai
Translations: I will try, I will attempt, I will test, I will tempt
Notes: This word is the first person singular future middle indicative form of the verb 'πειράζω'. It means 'I will try' or 'I will attempt', often with the nuance of trying something for oneself or making an effort. It can also mean 'I will test' or 'I will tempt', depending on the context.
Inflection: Future, Middle, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΩ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-go-MEH-nohn
Translations: of things being said, of things being spoken, of things being told, of things being called
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb while retaining verbal qualities. In this form, it refers to 'things that are being said' or 'things that are being spoken about'. It is used to describe the subject or object of a statement or discussion.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ
G1651
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LENG-khein
Translations: to convict, to reprove, to rebuke, to expose, to correct, to show to be guilty, to bring to light
Notes: This word means to bring to light, to expose, or to prove someone guilty. It often implies a process of examination or scrutiny that leads to a clear demonstration of truth or error. It can be used in the sense of rebuking or correcting someone by showing them their fault.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΕΞΕΛΕΓΧΩ
Etymology: The word comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to disgrace, to put to shame, to convict'.
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