2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G5466

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khal-DAI-oys

Translations: (to) Chaldeans, (to) a Chaldean

Notes: This word refers to the Chaldeans, an ancient people who inhabited Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. They were known for their wisdom, particularly in astrology and divination. In the provided context, it is used in the dative case, indicating that something is being said or done 'to' or 'for' the Chaldeans.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The word 'Χαλδαῖος' (Chaldaĩos) is derived from the Aramaic 'Kasdim', referring to the inhabitants of Chaldea.

G0325

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nah-geh-GRAH-meh-nah

Translations: recorded, written down, inscribed, registered, things recorded, things written down

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb ἀναγράφω (anagraphō). It describes something that has been written up, recorded, or inscribed. It refers to things that have been put into writing or registered.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word ἀναγράφω (anagraphō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'to write up' or 'to write again'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G2478

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ih-sto-ROO-meh-nah

Translations: things narrated, things recorded, things inquired into, historical accounts

Notes: This word is the neuter plural present passive participle of the verb ἱστορέω (historeō), meaning 'to inquire into,' 'to learn by inquiry,' or 'to narrate.' As a participle, it functions adjectivally or substantively, referring to 'things that are being narrated,' 'things that have been recorded,' or 'matters that have been investigated.' It often refers to historical accounts or narratives.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΜΑΤΑ, ΑΦΗΓΗΜΑΤΑ, ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word ἱστορέω (historeō) comes from ἵστωρ (histōr), meaning 'one who knows,' 'witness,' or 'judge.' This root is related to the Proto-Indo-European *weid-, meaning 'to see,' 'to know.' The verb thus implies learning through observation or inquiry.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3671

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GHEE-an

Translations: confession, a confession, profession, a profession, acknowledgment, an acknowledgment, agreement, an agreement

Notes: This word refers to a confession, profession, or acknowledgment, often implying a public declaration or agreement. It is a compound word derived from 'homou' (together) and 'logos' (word or speech), literally meaning 'speaking the same word' or 'being of one mind'. It is used to describe an open declaration of one's beliefs or a formal agreement.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΗΣΙΣ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ (homologia) is derived from the Greek words ὁμοῦ (homou), meaning 'together' or 'the same', and λόγος (logos), meaning 'word', 'speech', or 'reason'. It signifies a 'speaking together' or 'agreement in word'.

G2251

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-roys

Translations: our, our own, our people, our things

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'our own'. It is used to indicate possession by the first person plural (we). It can refer to people ('our people') or things ('our things') belonging to 'us'. In this form, it is a plural dative, meaning 'to/for our' or 'with/by our'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ, ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek pronoun ἡμεῖς (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from the first person plural pronoun.

G1121

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GRAHM-mah-see

Translations: (to) letters, (by) writings, (with) documents, (in) literature

Notes: This word refers to a letter of the alphabet, a written character, or more broadly, a piece of writing, a document, or even literature. In its dative plural form, as seen in ΓΡΑΜΜΑΣΙ, it often indicates the means or instrument by which something is done, such as 'by means of letters' or 'with writings'. It can also denote location or association, like 'in letters' or 'among writings'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΓΡΑΜΜΑ comes from the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It originally referred to a mark or line, then developed to mean a written character or letter, and subsequently, a piece of writing.

G3144

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAR-toos

Translations: witness, a witness, martyr, a martyr

Notes: This word refers to a witness, someone who gives testimony or evidence, often in a legal or judicial context. In later Christian usage, it also came to mean a 'martyr,' someone who bears witness to their faith by suffering death. It can be used to describe a person who has seen or heard something and can provide an account of it, or someone who attests to the truth of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΣ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of,' which evolved to mean 'to bear witness' or 'to testify.'

G5466

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: khal-DAI-os

Translations: Chaldean, a Chaldean

Notes: This word refers to a Chaldean, an inhabitant of Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. The Chaldeans were historically known for their knowledge of astrology, magic, and divination. It can be used as a noun to refer to a person from Chaldea, or as an adjective to describe something as being of Chaldean origin.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word Χαλδαῖος is derived from the Hebrew word Kasdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), which refers to the Chaldeans. It entered Greek through contact with Semitic languages.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

G1109

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gno-REE-mos

Translations: known, well-known, familiar, a familiar, acquaintance, a friend

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something that is known, familiar, or well-acquainted. It can refer to a person who is an acquaintance or a friend, or to something that is generally recognized or understood. It is often used to indicate a close relationship or a state of being recognized.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. The suffix -ιμος (-imos) indicates capability or fitness, thus 'knowable' or 'fit to be known'.

G3809

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: py-DEH-yah

Translations: discipline, instruction, training, correction, punishment, a discipline, an instruction

Notes: This word refers to the training and education of children, which often includes correction and discipline. It encompasses the entire process of moral and intellectual development, aiming to shape character and behavior. It can be used in contexts referring to both positive instruction and corrective punishment.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΝΟΥΘΕΣΙΑ, ΕΛΕΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'παιδεύω' (paideuō), meaning 'to train a child', which in turn comes from 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child'. It refers to the upbringing and education of children.

G0390

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-STREH-foh-me-noys

Translations: associating, conducting oneself, living, turning around, returning, overthrowing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anastrephō', meaning to turn around, return, or conduct oneself. In this form, it describes those who are associating with others, conducting themselves in a certain way, or living. It can refer to a physical turning or returning, but often it describes one's manner of life or interaction with others.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Dative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΈΩ

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G797

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: as-tro-no-MEE-as

Translations: (of) astronomy, astronomy, an astronomy

Notes: This word refers to the study of celestial bodies and phenomena, including their positions, movements, and properties. It encompasses the scientific discipline concerned with the observation and interpretation of events occurring outside Earth's atmosphere. It is a compound word formed from 'ἄστρον' (astron, meaning 'star') and 'νομός' (nomos, meaning 'law' or 'custom'), implying the 'law of the stars' or the 'arrangement of the stars'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΡΑΝΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀστρονομία (astronomía), from ἄστρον (ástron, “star”) + -νομία (-nomía, from νόμος (nómos, “law, custom”)).

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1627

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-AY-nen-keh

Translations: brought out, carried out, produced, yielded, bore

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. Therefore, it literally means 'to carry out' or 'to bring out'. It is often used to describe the act of bringing something forth from a place, or for a plant to produce fruit or yield a crop.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἐκφέρω' is a compound of the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear, carry'. The root 'φέρω' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0744

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ar-khai-oh-TAH-tais

Translations: most ancient, oldest, (to) most ancient, (to) oldest

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'most ancient' or 'oldest'. It is the superlative form of the adjective 'ancient' or 'old'. It is used to describe something that is extremely old or has existed for a very long time. In this form, it would typically modify a feminine plural noun in the dative case, indicating the recipient or instrument of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΤΑΤΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ

G1872

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pah-koh-loo-THOHN

Translations: following, accompanying, attending, conforming to

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'epakoloutheō', meaning 'to follow after', 'to accompany', or 'to conform to'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be used to indicate someone who is literally following another person or thing, or metaphorically, someone who is adhering to or conforming to a set of principles, teachings, or events.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΚΟΛΟΥΘΩΝ, ἘΠΙΒΑΙΝΩΝ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΒΑΙΝΩΝ

G0324

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-grah-FAIS

Translations: (to) records, (to) registers, (to) lists, (to) enrollments

Notes: This word refers to written records, registers, or lists, often of an official nature. It denotes a compilation of information, such as genealogies, public documents, or historical accounts. It is used to indicate the place or means by which information is formally recorded.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναγραφή (anagraphē) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'to write up' or 'to record'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G3475

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: MO-sees

Translations: Moses

Notes: This is the name of the great prophet and lawgiver of Israel, who led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and received the Ten Commandments from God on Mount Sinai. He is a central figure in the Old Testament and is often referred to in the New Testament.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Μωυσῆς (Mōysēs) in Greek is derived from the Hebrew name מֹשֶׁה (Mosheh), which is traditionally understood to mean 'drawn out' (from water), referring to his rescue from the Nile River.

G2478

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: his-TO-ray-ken

Translations: he has inquired, he has learned, he has narrated, he has recorded, he has written history

Notes: This word means to inquire, to learn by inquiry, or to narrate and record historical events. It describes the action of someone who has investigated and then presented information, often in a written form like a historical account. It is used when referring to someone who has completed the act of researching and documenting.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-kheh-GOS

Translations: prince, a prince, author, an author, leader, a leader, founder, a founder, pioneer, a pioneer, captain, a captain

Notes: This word is a compound noun, combining 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule', and 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead'. It refers to someone who is the originator, leader, or first in a series. It can denote a chief, a founder, a pioneer, or a commander. It is used to describe someone who initiates something or holds a position of authority and leadership.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΠΡΩΤΟΤΟΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΗΓΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, origin, rule, dominion', and ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'one who leads from the beginning' or 'one who is the first leader'.

G1295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-SOH-thee

Translations: was saved, was preserved, was brought safely through, was delivered

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'διασῴζω' (diasōzō), meaning 'to save through and through,' 'to preserve completely,' or 'to bring safely through.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the saving or preserving action. It implies a thorough or complete deliverance from danger or destruction.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΣΩΖΩ

Etymology: The word διασῴζω (diasōzō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely,' and the verb σῴζω (sōzō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve.' The prefix διά intensifies the meaning of the root verb, emphasizing a complete or thorough act of saving or preservation.

G4374

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-en-ech-THEY-sees

Translations: (of) having been brought to, (of) having been offered, (of) having been presented

Notes: This word is a compound word, formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (phero), meaning 'to bring' or 'to carry'. As a whole, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ means 'to bring to', 'to offer', or 'to present'. ΠΡΟΣΕΝΕΧΘΕΙΣΗΣ is the genitive singular feminine form of the aorist passive participle of this verb. It describes something feminine that has been brought to, offered, or presented, and functions adjectivally or substantively in a genitive context.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: oh-RON

Translations: seeing, looking, perceiving, observing, a seeing one

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'horao', meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of seeing or observing. It can be used to describe a person who is seeing, or to indicate the action of seeing in a continuous sense.

Inflection: Singular, Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: BLEPO, THEOREO, EIDO

Etymology: The word 'horao' (from which 'orōn' is derived) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is related to the Latin 'video' and English 'wit' or 'wise', indicating a connection to perception and knowledge.

G2693

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-LEH-gohn

Translations: counting, recounting, enrolling, listing, reckoning, telling, relating

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'καταλέγω'. It means to count, recount, list, enroll, or relate something. It describes an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with the main verb of the sentence. For example, it can be used to describe someone 'counting' or 'telling' a story or a list of items.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: NAH-bo-pa-LAS-sa-ron

Translations: Nabopolassar, to Nabopolassar

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Nabopolassar, who was the founder and first king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, reigning from 626 BC to 605 BC. He is known for liberating Babylonia from Assyrian rule and for his alliance with the Medes that led to the destruction of the Assyrian Empire. In Koine Greek, this name is used to refer to him.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Nabopolassar is of Akkadian origin, derived from 'Nabu-apla-usur', meaning 'Nabu, protect the son'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.

G5466

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khal-DAI-ohn

Translations: of the Chaldeans

Notes: This word refers to the Chaldeans, an ancient people who inhabited Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. They were known for their wisdom, particularly in astrology and divination. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of the Chaldeans' or 'the land of the Chaldeans'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΔΑΙΟΣ (Chaldaios) is derived from the Hebrew word Kasdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), which refers to the inhabitants of Chaldea. It entered Greek through various ancient contacts.

G0626

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-fay-GOO-meh-nos

Translations: leading, guiding, narrating, relating, a leader, a guide, a narrator

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ἀφηγεῖσθαι'. It describes someone who is leading the way, guiding, or narrating/relating something. It can function as an adjective or a noun, referring to a person who performs these actions. In the provided context, it refers to a leader or one who is in charge.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ἩΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ἈΡΧΩΝ, ΠΡΟΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, 'from, off') and ἡγέομαι (hēgéomai, 'to lead, to guide'). It literally means 'to lead from' or 'to lead forth', which developed into the sense of guiding or narrating.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psas

Translations: having sent, one who sent, he who sent, when he had sent

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'one who sent', indicating the person or thing that performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: nah-boh-koh-droh-SO-ron

Translations: Nebuchadnezzar

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Nebuchadnezzar, the most famous king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, who reigned from approximately 605 BC to 562 BC. He is well-known for his military conquests, including the destruction of Jerusalem and the Babylonian captivity of the Jews, as well as for his extensive building projects in Babylon.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Nebuchadnezzar is derived from the Akkadian name Nabu-kudurri-usur, meaning 'Nabu, protect my firstborn son' or 'Nabu, protect the boundary stone'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1897

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-peh-dee-PAYR

Translations: since, inasmuch as, seeing that, because, forasmuch as

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction, formed from 'ἐπειδή' (since, when) and the emphatic particle 'περ' (indeed, very). It is used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for something, emphasizing the certainty or factuality of that reason. It can be translated as 'since indeed' or 'inasmuch as'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΔΗ, ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the conjunction 'ἐπειδή' (since, when) and the emphatic particle 'περ' (indeed, very). 'Ἐπειδή' itself comes from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'δή' (indeed, now).

G0868

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-fes-TOH-tas

Translations: rebelled, revolted, departed, standing away, those who have rebelled, rebels

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi), meaning 'to stand away from, depart, withdraw, revolt, or rebel'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has performed the action of the verb. In this form, it refers to those who have rebelled or revolted.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΑΣ, ΕΞΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to stand away from'.

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PYOO-theh-toh

Translations: he learned, he inquired, he heard, he found out

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'πυνθάνομαι' (punthanomai), meaning 'to learn by inquiry,' 'to inquire,' 'to hear,' or 'to find out.' It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject gained knowledge or information, often through asking or investigation. It can be used in sentences like 'He learned the news' or 'He inquired about the matter.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word πυνθάνομαι (punthanomai) comes from an ancient Indo-European root related to 'to ask' or 'to inquire.' It is connected to the idea of seeking knowledge or information.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nas-TAY-sas

Translations: having raised, having stood up, having caused to rise, having restored, having built, having set up

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has performed the action of raising, standing up, or causing something to rise. It can refer to raising someone from the dead, causing a building or monument to be erected, or simply standing up oneself. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΑΣ, ΟΡΘΩΣΑΣ, ΑΝΟΡΘΩΣΑΣ

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-toh-KEE-sen

Translations: removed, carried away, caused to migrate, deported

Notes: This verb means to cause someone to change their dwelling, often implying a forced removal or deportation. It describes the act of moving people from one place to another, typically by authority or force. It can be used in contexts of exile or resettlement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΙΚΙΖΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek μεταοικίζω (metoikízō), from μετά (metá, “with, among, after”) + οἰκίζω (oikízō, “to colonize, settle”). It literally means 'to cause to change dwelling'.

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G0896

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nee-on

Translations: Babylonian, a Babylonian, (of) the Babylonians

Notes: This word refers to something or someone from Babylon, the ancient city in Mesopotamia. As an adjective, it describes something as being 'Babylonian'. As a noun, it refers to 'a Babylonian' person. It can also be used in the genitive plural to mean 'of the Babylonians'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Genitive

Etymology: From Βαβυλών (Babylon), the name of the ancient city, and the suffix -ιος (-ios) which forms adjectives of origin.

G5403

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: foy-NEE-kays

Translations: of Phoenicia

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Phoenicia, an ancient civilization situated on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the region or its people, often in a geographical or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'the province of Phoenicia'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word Φοινίκη (Phoinikē) is derived from the Greek word φοῖνιξ (phoinix), which can refer to the date palm tree or the color purple-red. The region was known for its purple dye production and its date palms.

G5235

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-per-bal-OH-men-on

Translations: exceeding, surpassing, throwing beyond, going beyond, a surpassing one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hyperballo', meaning 'to throw beyond' or 'to exceed'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is exceeding or surpassing others in some quality or action. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word 'hyperballo' is a compound word formed from 'hyper' (meaning 'over' or 'beyond') and 'ballo' (meaning 'to throw'). Thus, its literal meaning is 'to throw beyond'.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AYTH

Translations: then, thereupon, next, afterward

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'thereupon'. It is often used in conjunction with 'οὕτως' (houtōs), meaning 'thus' or 'so', to indicate a sequence of events, as in 'then thus' or 'then in this way'. The form ΕἸΘ is an elision of Εἶτα (eita), where the final alpha has been dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, often οὕτως.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΞΗΣ, ΥΣΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word Εἶτα (eita), from which ΕἸΘ is an elision, is an ancient Greek adverb derived from the demonstrative pronoun stem *e- (this, that). It indicates sequence or consequence.

G1836

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ex-ACE

Translations: next, following, in a row, in succession, consecutively, thereafter, subsequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'next' or 'in succession'. It is used to indicate that something follows in order, either spatially or temporally. For example, it can describe events happening one after another, or items arranged consecutively.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΦΕΞΗΣ, ΚΑΘΕΞΗΣ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ἑξῆς, which is related to ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It conveys the idea of 'holding out' or 'following out' in sequence.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-ka-ta-BAS

Translations: descending, going down, having descended

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ὑποκαταβαίνω' (hypokatabainō), meaning 'to go down under' or 'to descend'. As a participle, it describes an action of descending or going down, often indicating a continuous or completed action depending on the tense. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and 'καταβαίνω' (katabainō), meaning 'to go down' or 'to descend'. The latter is itself a compound of 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down', and 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go'.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-TI-the-tai

Translations: is entrusted, is committed, is set before, is placed beside, is offered

Notes: This verb describes the action of placing something beside or before someone, often with the implication of entrusting, committing, or offering it. It can be used in contexts where something is presented for consideration, or where a responsibility or item is handed over to another's care. The form is passive, indicating that the subject is the one being placed or entrusted.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΕΤΑΙ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΕΤΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΕΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: iss-toh-ree-oh-grah-FEE-ah

Translations: historiography, a historiography, history writing

Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'ἱστορία' (historia, meaning 'inquiry, history') and '-γραφία' (-graphia, meaning 'writing, description'). It refers to the writing of history, the study of historical writing, or the body of historical literature. It describes the process or product of recording past events.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words ἱστορία (historia), meaning 'inquiry, history', and -γραφία (-graphia), meaning 'writing' or 'description'. It literally means 'history writing'.

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-THEE-so-mai

Translations: I will commit, I will entrust, I will place before, I will set before

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'with') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, meaning 'to place' or 'to put'). In its future middle voice form, it means 'I will place beside myself,' 'I will commit to myself,' or 'I will entrust to myself.' It is often used in the sense of committing something into someone's hands or entrusting something to their care, or setting food before someone.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bee-ROH-soo

Translations: of Berossus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Berossus' (Βηρωσός). Berossus was a Hellenistic-era Babylonian writer, a Chaldean priest of Bel-Marduk, who wrote in Greek. His work, 'Babyloniaca', is a history of Babylonia. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Berossus' means something belonging to or related to Berossus.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Berossus' is a Greek rendering of a Babylonian name, likely 'Bēl-rē'ûšu' meaning 'Bel is his shepherd' or 'Bēl-ušēzib' meaning 'Bel has saved'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, the one having

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun that 'has' something, or adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed (e.g., 'while having'). In the provided examples, it describes things that 'do not have' a leader, trees 'having' branches, and 'the one having' all power.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G5021

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: teh-TAG-meh-nos

Translations: appointed, ordered, arranged, assigned, set in order, one who is appointed, one who is ordered

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ, meaning 'to arrange, appoint, or order.' As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been appointed, ordered, or set in a particular position or role. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun), referring to 'the one who is appointed' or 'that which is ordered.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΡΙΣΘΕΙΣ

G4523

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sah-TRAH-pays

Translations: satrap, a satrap, governor, a governor

Notes: A satrap was a governor of a province in the ancient Persian Empire. The term was later adopted by other empires, such as the Hellenistic kingdoms, to refer to similar administrative officials. It describes a high-ranking official appointed by a king or emperor to govern a territory.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ

Etymology: From Old Persian *xšaθrapāvan- meaning 'protector of the realm', which passed into Greek through Aramaic.

G0667

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TAH-tays

Translations: apostate, rebel, a rebel, deserter, a deserter

Notes: This word refers to someone who abandons their religious faith, political party, or cause. It describes a person who has defected or revolted from a previously held allegiance or belief. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'ἵστημι' (to stand), literally meaning 'one who stands away from'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΑΡΤΗΣ, ἈΠΟΦΥΓΑΣ, ἈΝΤΙΣΤΑΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΣΤΑΤΗΣ is derived from the Greek verb ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi), meaning 'to stand off, to revolt, to withdraw'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'away from', and the root of ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GOH-nen

Translations: has become, has happened, has come to pass, was, came into being

Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝ is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can mean 'has become,' 'has happened,' or 'has come into being,' often implying a state of existence or a new reality that has resulted from a past event.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to beget, to produce, to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and coming into existence.

G2553

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-koh-pa-THEIN

Translations: to suffer hardship, to endure affliction, to suffer evil, to be ill-treated

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to suffer hardship' or 'to endure affliction'. It describes the act of experiencing difficulties, troubles, or suffering. It is often used to convey the idea of patiently bearing up under adverse circumstances or being ill-treated.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΘΕΙΝ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΙΝ, ΚΑΚΟΥΧΕΙΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ is a compound word formed from two Greek elements: ΚΑΚΟΣ (KAKOS), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and ΠΑΘΟΣ (PATHOS), meaning 'suffering' or 'experience'. Thus, it literally means 'to suffer badly' or 'to experience evil'.

G4921

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: soo-STAY-sas

Translations: having established, having commended, having presented, having stood together, having formed, having constituted

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning it describes an action completed in the past by the subject. It comes from the verb 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi), which means to stand together, to combine, to establish, to commend, or to present. Depending on the context, it can refer to the act of bringing things or people together, setting something up, or vouching for someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.' Thus, its core meaning relates to standing or bringing things together.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: nah-boh-koh-droh-SOH-roh

Translations: Nebuchadnezzar

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Nebuchadnezzar II, the most famous king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, who reigned from c. 605 BC to c. 562 BC. He is known for his military campaigns, including the destruction of Jerusalem and the Babylonian captivity of the Jews. The form ΝΑΒΟΚΟΔΡΟΣΟΡΩ is a variant spelling of ΝΑΒΟΚΟΔΟΝΟΣΟΡ, often found in Greek texts.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Nebuchadnezzar is derived from the Akkadian Nabu-kudurri-usur, meaning 'Nabu, protect my firstborn son' or 'Nabu, protect the kudurru (boundary stone)'. The Greek form is a transliteration of the Semitic name.

G2244

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Hay-lee-KEE-ah

Translations: age, stature, maturity, an age, a stature

Notes: This noun refers to a period of life, such as one's age, or to physical height or stature. It can also denote the concept of maturity or full growth. It is used to describe a stage in life or the physical dimension of a person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΕΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the adjective ἥλιξ (hēliks), meaning 'of the same age' or 'of the same size'. It refers to a state or condition related to age or size.

G1603

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EP-emp-sen

Translations: he sent out, he sent forth, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something out or away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a dispatch or commission. It is typically used in the past tense to indicate that the action has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκπέμπω (ekpempō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send out'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G4873

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sym-MIG-sas

Translations: having mingled with, having mixed with, having joined with, having met with, having engaged with

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ (symmignymi), meaning 'to mix together, to mingle with, to join with, to meet with, to engage in battle with'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It is often used to describe someone who has come into contact or conflict with another, or has joined a group or activity.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΣΥΜΠΛΕΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ (mignymi), meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: nah-boh-koh-droh-SO-ross

Translations: Nebuchadnezzar

Notes: This is the name of Nebuchadnezzar II, the most famous king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, who reigned from approximately 605 BC to 562 BC. He is known for his military campaigns, including the destruction of Jerusalem and the Babylonian captivity of the Jews, as well as for his extensive building projects in Babylon, such as the Hanging Gardens.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Ναβουχοδονόσορ (Nabouchodonosor) in Greek, from which Ναβοκοδροσορος is a variant, is derived from the Akkadian name Nabu-kudurri-usur, meaning 'Nabu, protect my firstborn son' or 'Nabu, protect the boundary stone'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.

G0647

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TAH-tay

Translations: apostate, a rebel, a deserter, a renegade, of an apostate, of a rebel, of a deserter, of a renegade, to an apostate, to a rebel, to a deserter, to a renegade

Notes: This word refers to someone who abandons their religious faith, political party, or cause. It can also mean a rebel or a deserter. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'ἵστημι' (to stand), literally meaning 'one who stands away from'. It is used to describe someone who has defected or revolted.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative, Masculine or Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΑΡΤΗΣ, ἈΠΟΣΤΑΤΗΣ, ἈΝΤΙΣΤΑΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ

G3900

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-TAK-sa-me-nos

Translations: having drawn up, having arrayed, having lined up, having arranged, having set in battle array

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρατάσσω', meaning 'to draw up in battle array' or 'to arrange troops'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating a completed action that precedes the main verb. It is a compound word, formed from 'παρά' (beside, alongside) and 'τάσσω' (to arrange, to order).

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΤΑΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAH-tei

Translations: he was holding, she was holding, it was holding, he was ruling, she was ruling, it was ruling, he was prevailing, she was prevailing, it was prevailing, he was strong, she was strong, it was strong

Notes: This word describes an action of holding, ruling, or prevailing that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It indicates a continuous state of power, control, or strength. For example, it could be used to say 'he was holding the rope' or 'he was ruling the city'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-poy-AY-sah-toh

Translations: made, did, performed, accomplished, produced, caused, made for himself, did for himself

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often implies that the action is done by the subject for themselves, or for their own benefit, or that the subject is involved in the result of the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as making something, performing an action, or causing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G770

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ar-roh-STAY-san-tee

Translations: to be sick, to be ill, to be infirm, to be weak, to be diseased, to be unwell

Notes: This word is the dative singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb ἀρρωστέω. It describes someone or something that has become sick or ill. It would typically be used in a sentence to indicate the recipient or indirect object of an action, for example, 'to the one who became sick' or 'for the one who became ill'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ, ΚΑΚΩΣ ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀρρωστέω (arrhōsteō) is derived from the adjective ἄρρωστος (arrhōstos), meaning 'sick' or 'infirm', which itself comes from ἀ- (a-, 'not') and ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). Thus, it literally means 'not strengthened' or 'without strength'.

G3337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tal-LAX-ai

Translations: to change, to exchange, to alter, to transform

Notes: This verb means to change, exchange, or alter something. It implies a complete transformation or a shift from one state to another. It can be used in contexts where something is replaced by another, or where a condition is fundamentally altered.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΜΟΡΦΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with, among, after, change', and the verb ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change, to alter'. Thus, it signifies a thorough or complete change.

G0143

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ahee-STHOH-meh-nos

Translations: perceiving, understanding, realizing, noticing, becoming aware, having perceived, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἰσθάνομαι', meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes an action that is either ongoing or completed by the subject of the main verb. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action, such as 'when he perceived' or 'because he understood'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΟΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: nah-boo-koh-droh-SO-ross

Translations: Nebuchadnezzar

Notes: This is the name of a famous king of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar II, who reigned from approximately 605 to 562 BC. He is well-known for his conquest of Judah, the destruction of Jerusalem, and the Babylonian captivity of the Jews. The name is often transliterated from Hebrew and Aramaic, and it appears frequently in biblical texts, particularly in the books of Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Akkadian origin, derived from 'Nabu-kudurri-usur', meaning 'Nabu, protect my firstborn son' or 'Nabu, protect the boundary/kudurru'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-sas

Translations: having appointed, having established, having set up, having made, having constituted

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating the subject has 'appointed,' 'established,' 'set up,' or 'constituted' something or someone. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can often be translated with a clause like 'the one who appointed' or 'when he had appointed.'

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: loy-PEEN

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the other, the others, the remainder

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining. It is often used to indicate the rest of a group or quantity, or the remaining part of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting like a noun) meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'λοιπός' (loipos) comes from the verb 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'. It is related to the concept of something being left behind or remaining.

G4369

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: soon-TAKS-as

Translations: having arranged, having ordered, having drawn up, having appointed, having commanded, having composed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΣΥΝΤΑΣΣΩ (syntassō), which means to arrange, to order, to draw up (especially troops), to appoint, or to compose (a writing). As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, functioning adjectivally or adverbially. For example, it could describe someone who 'having arranged' something, then proceeded to do something else.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G5622

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-feh-LEH-ee-as

Translations: of benefit, of profit, of advantage, of help, of usefulness

Notes: This word refers to the state or quality of being beneficial, profitable, or advantageous. It is used to describe something that provides help or utility. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of benefit' or 'belonging to benefit'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΩΦΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὨΦΕΛΕΙΑ (ōpheleia) comes from the verb ὠφελέω (ōpheleō), meaning 'to help' or 'to benefit'. It is related to ὄφελος (ophelos), meaning 'advantage' or 'gain'.

G3729

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: hor-MAY-sas

Translations: having rushed, having set out, having urged on, having impelled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'hormaō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It can be translated as 'having rushed', 'having set out', or 'having urged on', depending on the context. It implies a sudden or strong movement, either literally or figuratively, and can be used to describe someone who has initiated an action with force or determination.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΗΔΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'hormaō' (ὁρμάω) is derived from the noun 'hormē' (ὁρμή), meaning 'a rapid motion, a start, an impulse, an attack'. It signifies a strong, impetuous movement or a sudden urge to act.

G3642

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oh-li-GOS-tos

Translations: smallest, least, fewest, a smallest, a least, a fewest

Notes: This word is a superlative adjective meaning 'smallest in number or degree' or 'least'. It is used to describe something that is the absolute minimum or the very smallest among a group. For example, it can refer to the smallest quantity, the least significant person, or the fewest in number.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This word is a superlative adjective and can inflect for all genders, numbers, and cases.

Synonyms: ἘΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2048

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-REH-moo

Translations: of the desert, of the wilderness, of a desolate place, desert, wilderness, desolate place

Notes: This word refers to a desolate, uninhabited, or solitary place, often a desert or wilderness. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'desolate' or 'empty'. In the provided context, 'ἘΡΗΜΟΥ' is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of the desert'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ἔρημος' (erēmos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erh₁- meaning 'to separate, to set apart'. It describes a place that is separated or set apart from human habitation.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOHN

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having apprehended, having overtaken, having understood, having perceived, having attained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to take hold of, seize, apprehend, overtake, or understand. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can indicate the means by which something happens, the cause, or simply a preceding action. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G1359

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-oy-koo-MEH-nah

Translations: being administered, being managed, being governed, being regulated, being ordered

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'διοικέω' (dioikeō), meaning 'to manage' or 'to administer'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being managed, administered, or governed. It often refers to affairs, matters, or territories that are under someone's control or administration.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΑ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΩΜΕΝΑ

G1288

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-tee-roo-MEH-neen

Translations: kept, preserved, maintained, a kept, a preserved, a maintained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'diatēreō', meaning 'to keep through', 'to preserve', or 'to maintain'. It describes something that is being kept, preserved, or maintained, often implying a continuous or ongoing state of being guarded or held safe. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΟΥΜΕΝΗΝ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΣΩΖΟΜΕΝΗΝ

G2961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koo-ree-EV-sas

Translations: having dominion, having power, having mastered, having taken possession, having become lord, having ruled, having gained control

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb κυριεύω, meaning 'to be lord, to have dominion over, to rule, to gain control of, to take possession of'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of gaining control or mastery.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΔΕΣΠΟΖΩ

G0005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-khma-LOH-toyss

Translations: (to) captives, (to) prisoners, (for) captives, (for) prisoners

Notes: This word refers to individuals who have been taken captive, typically in war. It is a compound word formed from αἰχμή (aichmē), meaning 'spear' or 'point', and ἁλωτός (halōtos), meaning 'caught' or 'taken'. Thus, it literally means 'taken by the spear'. It is used to describe those who are held in bondage or imprisonment.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΙ, ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ

Etymology: The word αἰχμάλωτος (aichmalōtos) is a compound of αἰχμή (aichmē), meaning 'spear' or 'point', and ἁλωτός (halōtos), meaning 'caught' or 'taken'. It describes someone captured by the spear, referring to those taken as prisoners of war.

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ge-NO-me-noys

Translations: (to) those having come, (to) those having arrived, (to) those having appeared

Notes: This word is a compound participle, meaning 'having come alongside' or 'having arrived'. It describes a group of people who have come or arrived at a particular place or situation. It is used to indicate the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of something, referring to those who have already completed the action of coming or arriving.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΥΣΙΝ, ΑΦΙΚΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G2039

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-tay-dee-OH-tah-toyce

Translations: most suitable, most fitting, most convenient, most useful, most necessary

Notes: This word is a superlative adjective, meaning 'most suitable' or 'most fitting'. It describes something that is extremely well-suited or appropriate for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used to describe places, times, or resources that are ideal for a given task.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΡΜΟΔΙΩΤΑΤΟΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΩΤΑΤΟΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτήδειος (epitēdeios, “suitable, convenient, useful”), from ἐπί (epi, “upon, to”) + τήδεος (tēdeos, “fitting, suitable”), related to τήδης (tēdēs, “care, attention”).

G2981

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-FY-ron

Translations: of spoil, of plunder, of booty

Notes: This word refers to the spoils of war, plunder, or booty taken from an enemy. It is typically used in contexts describing the aftermath of a battle or conquest, where goods, possessions, or resources are seized. For example, one might speak of 'dividing the spoils' or 'taking plunder from a city'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΥΛΑ, ΛΕΙΨΑΝΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb λαφυρεύω (laphureuō), meaning 'to plunder'.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-pah

Translations: remaining, the rest, the others, what is left, the things that remain

Notes: This word refers to what is left over, remaining, or the rest of something. It can be used as an adjective to describe things that are remaining, or substantively as a noun to refer to the remaining people or things. It is often used in the plural to mean 'the rest' or 'the others'.

Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural; or Nominative or Vocative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ

G2885

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kos-MAY-sas

Translations: having adorned, having arranged, having put in order, having ordered, having decorated

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'kosmeō'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that the subject 'having adorned' or 'having arranged' something. It implies an action of bringing order, beauty, or proper arrangement to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular Participle

Synonyms: ΕΥΤΡΕΠΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khoo-san

Translations: existing, being, being in existence, being present, being available, having, possessing, a being, a having

Notes: This word is a present active participle, feminine, singular, accusative of the verb 'ΥΠΑΡΧΩ'. It describes something that is currently existing, being, or present. It can also refer to something that one possesses or has. In a sentence, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing a feminine singular object that is in the state of existing or being possessed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, “under”) + ἄρχω (árkhō, “to begin, to rule”). The combination originally meant 'to begin under' or 'to be at the beginning', evolving to 'to exist' or 'to be present'.

G4376

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pros-kha-ri-SA-me-nos

Translations: having shown favor, having granted, having given graciously, having bestowed, having pleased

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb χαρίζομαι (kharizomai), meaning 'to show favor' or 'to grant.' As a whole, it means 'having shown favor to,' 'having granted graciously,' or 'having bestowed upon.' It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that someone has already given a gift or shown kindness to another person. It implies an act of grace or generosity directed towards someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΧΑΡΙΖΩ

G0315

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAH-sas

Translations: compelling, forcing, constraining, urging, having compelled, when he compelled

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναγκάζω (anagkazo), meaning 'to compel,' 'to force,' or 'to constrain.' It describes an action of exerting strong pressure or necessity upon someone to do something. It can be used to indicate that someone was forced against their will or strongly urged to perform an action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ἘΠΙΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναγκάζω (anagkazo) comes from ἀνάγκη (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion.' The prefix ἀνα- (ana-) means 'up' or 'again,' intensifying the sense of necessity.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-sthai

Translations: to be able, to have power, to be strong, can

Notes: This is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'δύναμαι'. It means 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is often used in constructions where one expresses the ability or capacity to do something, similar to the English 'can' or 'to be able to'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: From the root 'δύναμαι', meaning 'to be able'. It is related to 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'.

G4136

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: poh-lee-or-KOON-tas

Translations: besieging, those besieging, blockading, those blockading

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'besieging' or 'blockading'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of besieging a city or a place. It is used to indicate the ongoing action of surrounding and attacking a fortified position with the aim of capturing it.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek words πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure'. It literally means 'to fence around a city'.

G0390

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-STREH-fon-tas

Translations: turning around, behaving, living, conducting oneself, those who turn around, those who behave

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anastrephō', meaning 'to turn around', 'to return', or 'to conduct oneself'. In its participle form, it describes an ongoing action of turning, returning, or, more commonly, behaving or living in a certain manner. It can be used to describe people who are conducting themselves in a particular way.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'anastrephō' is a compound word formed from 'ana' (meaning 'up' or 'again') and 'strephō' (meaning 'to turn').

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-BAH-leh-toh

Translations: put on, clothed oneself with, surrounded, wrapped around

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to put on clothing or to clothe oneself with something, often used figuratively to mean to assume or take on a quality. It can also mean to surround or encompass something. It is formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ

G1854

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EX-oh

Translations: outside, out, without, abroad

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.

G4124

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLIN-thoo

Translations: of brick, of a brick

Notes: This word refers to a brick, a rectangular block of baked clay or other material used for building walls, houses, and other structures. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of brick' or 'made of brick'. It is commonly used in contexts describing construction materials or the composition of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΠΛΙΝΘΟΣ (plinthos) is of pre-Greek origin, meaning 'brick' or 'tile'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to building blocks made of clay.

G0782

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: as-FAL-too

Translations: (of) asphalt, (of) bitumen, (of) pitch, (of) an asphalt, (of) a bitumen, (of) a pitch

Notes: This word refers to asphalt, bitumen, or pitch, which are naturally occurring sticky, black, viscous forms of petroleum. It is often used to describe the material found in tar pits or used for sealing. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of asphalt' or 'made from bitumen'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΣΑ, ΚΟΛΛΑ

Etymology: The word is of Greek origin, derived from the verb ἀσφαλίζω (asphalizo), meaning 'to make firm' or 'to secure', referring to the material's use as a sealant or binder.

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: TEI-khi-sas

Translations: having walled, having fortified, having built a wall, having enclosed with a wall

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'τειχίζω' (teichizo), meaning 'to wall' or 'to fortify'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of building a wall or fortifying something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΑΣ, ΕΡΕΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb 'τειχίζω' (teichizo) is derived from the noun 'τεῖχος' (teichos), meaning 'wall' or 'fortification'. It refers to the act of constructing or enclosing with a wall.

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ax-ee-o-lo-GOHS

Translations: worthily, suitably, appropriately, considerably, remarkably, notably

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'worthily' or 'suitably'. It is often used to describe actions or qualities that are significant, remarkable, or deserving of attention. It can also imply a considerable degree or extent. It is a compound word derived from 'ἈΞΙΟΣ' (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving', and 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos), meaning 'word', 'reason', or 'account'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΩΣ, ΠΡΕΠΟΝΤΩΣ, ΙΚΑΝΩΣ

G4322

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ka-tes-KEV-a-sen

Translations: he prepared in addition, he built in addition, he furnished in addition, he equipped in addition

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes ΠΡΟΣ (pros, meaning 'to, toward, in addition') and ΚΑΤΑ (kata, meaning 'down, thoroughly') attached to the verb ΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ (skeuazo, meaning 'to prepare, make ready'). The combined meaning is 'to prepare thoroughly in addition' or 'to build/furnish/equip in addition'. It describes the action of adding to or completing something that is already in progress or already exists, often with a sense of thoroughness or completeness.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΕΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

G0933

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-oyce

Translations: royal palace, royal court, kingdom, (to) royal quarters, (to) the palace

Notes: This word refers to a royal palace or the royal court. It is often used in the plural to denote the royal quarters or the king's residence. It can also refer to a kingdom in a broader sense. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating a location where an action takes place, specifically 'in the royal quarters' or 'in the palace'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word βασίλειον (basileion) is derived from the adjective βασίλειος (basileios), meaning 'royal' or 'kingly', which in turn comes from βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to that which pertains to a king.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-oh-meh-nah

Translations: holding, having, being near, next to, adjoining, contiguous, being held, being possessed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In its present middle/passive form, it often describes something that is being held, possessed, or is in close proximity to something else. It can indicate a state of being near or adjacent to something, or being in possession of something. It is often used with a genitive case to indicate what it is near or what it is holding.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Nominative or Accusative Case, Neuter Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (hexis) 'habit, state' and ὄχος (ochos) 'carriage, vehicle'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G0458

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NAH-stee-mah

Translations: resurrection, a resurrection, rising up, a rising up, structure, a structure, building, a building, restoration, a restoration

Notes: This word is a neuter noun meaning 'that which is raised up' or 'a standing up'. It can refer to a physical structure or building, or more abstractly to a rising up, a resurrection, or a restoration. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΡΣΙΣ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΙΣ

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1834

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ay-GAY-tai

Translations: he has explained, he has expounded, he has narrated, he has declared, he has recounted

Notes: This word is a verb form meaning 'he has explained' or 'he has expounded'. It describes the action of providing a detailed account, interpretation, or narration of something. It is used to indicate that someone has made something clear or understandable, often by leading the way or showing the path to understanding. It can also refer to recounting events or facts.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G5236

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-bo-LAYN

Translations: excess, abundance, surpassing, preeminence, exceedingly, beyond measure

Notes: This word refers to an excess, an abundance, or something that goes beyond the usual measure. It is often used to describe something that is outstanding, preeminent, or exceedingly great. In context, it can function adverbially to mean 'exceedingly' or 'beyond measure'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and 'βολή' (bole), meaning 'a throwing' or 'a cast'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΗ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G5244

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: hoo-per-AY-fah-nah

Translations: haughty, arrogant, proud, boastful, presumptuous, proudly, arrogantly

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is excessively proud, arrogant, or boastful. It implies a sense of superiority and disdain for others. As an adjective, it can describe a person or their actions. As an adverb, it describes how an action is performed, meaning 'proudly' or 'arrogantly'.

Inflection: Neuter Plural Nominative, Neuter Plural Accusative, Neuter Plural Vocative, or Neuter Singular Adverbial

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΩΝ, ΥΒΡΙΣΤΗΣ, ΚΟΜΠΑΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and 'φαίνω' (phainō), meaning 'to show' or 'to appear'. Thus, it literally means 'showing oneself above' or 'appearing superior'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-na-LEEM-ma-ta

Translations: retaining walls, supports, foundations, embankments, terraces

Notes: This word refers to structures built to support or retain something, often in the context of construction or landscaping. It can describe retaining walls, foundations, or embankments, especially those used to create level ground on a slope or to support a building. It is typically used in the plural to refer to multiple such structures.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΙΣΜΑΤΑ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἀνάλημμα (analemma) comes from the verb ἀναλαμβάνω (analambanō), meaning 'to take up' or 'to receive'. It refers to something taken up or built up, hence a support or foundation.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: yp-see-LAH

Translations: high, lofty, exalted, proud, haughty, on high, highly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'high' or 'lofty,' referring to physical height, elevated status, or even a proud and arrogant disposition. As an adjective, it can describe things that are physically high, like mountains or walls, or abstract concepts like high thoughts or exalted positions. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'highly' or 'on high,' indicating a high position or an elevated manner of speaking or acting. In the provided examples, it is used both adjectivally (referring to high places or high walls) and adverbially (speaking proudly or haughtily).

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Adverbial (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΑΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΨΗΛΟΣ (hypsēlos) comes from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It is related to the concept of being elevated or high.

G0361

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-noy-koh-doh-MAY-sas

Translations: having rebuilt, having built up again, having restored

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having rebuilt' or 'having built up again'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has a continuing effect. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō, meaning 'to build a house' or 'to build'). Therefore, it literally means 'to build up again' or 'to rebuild'. It can be used to describe the physical reconstruction of buildings or cities.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G3706

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-sin

Translations: sight, appearance, face, a sight, an appearance, a face

Notes: This word refers to the act of seeing, the faculty of sight, or the visible appearance of something. It can denote a vision, a physical appearance, or even the face or countenance of a person. It is used to describe what is seen or perceived.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΘΕΑ

Etymology: The word ὄψις (opsis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *okʷ- meaning 'to see'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and vision.

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DOOS

Translations: having given back, having paid back, having restored, having rendered, having delivered, having given

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'apodidomi'. It describes an action of giving back, paying back, restoring, or rendering something that has already occurred. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates the subject has completed the action of giving something back or delivering it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G2658

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-fyoo-TEV-sas

Translations: having planted, having firmly planted, having planted down

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'καταφυτεύω', meaning 'to plant' or 'to plant firmly'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before the main verb, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It implies a thorough or complete act of planting, often in the sense of establishing something firmly.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΦΥΤΕΥΩ, ΣΠΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word καταφυτεύω is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly', and the verb φυτεύω (phyteuō), meaning 'to plant'.

G1754

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-eer-GAH-sah-toh

Translations: worked, performed, accomplished, produced, made, brought about

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and the verb 'ἐργάζομαι' (to work). It means to work out, accomplish, or bring to completion. It implies a thorough or complete execution of an action, often with a sense of producing something or bringing something about. It can be used to describe the completion of a task, the performance of an action, or the production of a result.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

G2911

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kreh-MAS-ton

Translations: hanging, suspended, hung, a hanging thing

Notes: This word describes something that is suspended or hangs down. It is used to refer to objects or structures that are not resting on the ground but are supported from above, such as a hanging garment, a suspended object, or a hanging garden.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΡΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΝΑΡΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΕΜΑΣΤΟΣ (kremastos) is derived from the verb ΚΡΕΜΑΝΝΥΜΙ (kremannymi), meaning 'to hang' or 'to suspend'. It describes something that is in a state of being hung.

G3857

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-DEI-son

Translations: paradise, a paradise, garden, a garden, park, a park, orchard, an orchard

Notes: This word refers to a garden, park, or pleasure ground, often specifically referring to the Garden of Eden. In a broader sense, it can denote a place of great beauty and delight, or the abode of the blessed after death. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the spiritual paradise where the righteous go.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΠΟΣ, ΑΛΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a loanword from Old Persian, meaning 'walled enclosure' or 'park'. It entered Greek through Xenophon and was later adopted into Hebrew and Aramaic, eventually making its way into Koine Greek.

G1937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-MEIN

Translations: to desire, to long for, to covet, to lust after

Notes: This word means to have a strong desire or longing for something. It can be used in a neutral sense of simply desiring, but often carries a negative connotation, implying a covetous or lustful desire, especially in a moral or ethical context. It describes an intense craving or yearning.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιθυμέω (epithumeō), formed from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, toward') and θυμός (thumos, 'passion, spirit, desire'). It literally means 'to set one's heart upon'.

G3714

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: o-REH-ee-as

Translations: mountainous, of mountains, mountain-dweller, a mountain-dweller

Notes: This word describes something that is mountainous or pertains to mountains. It can also refer to a person or creature that dwells in mountains. It is used to indicate a characteristic or origin related to mountains.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὄρος (oros), meaning 'mountain'. It describes something belonging to or characteristic of mountains.

G5142

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teth-ram-MEN-ayn

Translations: having been nourished, having been brought up, having been fed

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'τρέφω' (trephō), meaning 'to nourish,' 'to feed,' or 'to bring up.' As a perfect passive participle, it describes a state resulting from a completed action that was performed upon the subject. It indicates that the subject has undergone the action of being nourished, fed, or brought up.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΦΩ

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: toh-SOO-ton

Translations: so great, so much, so many, so large, so far, such, a such

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective or pronoun meaning 'so great,' 'so much,' or 'so many.' It is used to indicate a quantity, size, or extent that is as great as something previously mentioned or implied. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun. For example, it might be used to say 'so great a crowd' or 'so much money.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EKH-oo-see

Translations: they have, they receive, they are distant, they are far off, they abstain, they keep away

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have received in full' or 'to be distant from'. It can also mean 'to abstain from' or 'to keep away from'. In some contexts, it implies having received something completely, so there is nothing more to expect. In other contexts, it describes a physical or metaphorical distance.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3625

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-ooce

Translations: one's own, a relative, a member of one's household, a kinsman, a kinswoman, a domestic, a household member

Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to one's own household or family. It can refer to relatives, family members, or those who are part of one's domestic circle. It is often used to emphasize a close, personal connection, similar to 'one's own people' or 'those of one's own house'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΙΚΙΑΚΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: From οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The suffix -ειος indicates belonging or relation.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G4975

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: skheh-DON

Translations: almost, nearly, well-nigh, about, approximately

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'almost' or 'nearly'. It is used to indicate that something is very close to being true or happening, but not quite. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, conveying a sense of approximation or proximity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΜΟΝΟΝ

Etymology: From the root of Ancient Greek 'σχεῖν' (scheîn), meaning 'to have, to hold, to be near'. It implies being 'close at hand' or 'nearly'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-sah-sin

Translations: they know, they understand

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes an action performed by a group of people, indicating that 'they' possess knowledge or comprehension of something. It is used in sentences where a subject (plural) is stated to have knowledge.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The root word ΟΙΔΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that results from a past act of seeing or perceiving.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G1626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ah-mar-TOH-sin

Translations: they sin, they commit a sin, they err, they go astray

Notes: This word means to sin, to commit a sin, or to err. It describes the act of missing the mark, making a mistake, or transgressing a moral or divine law. It is often used in contexts relating to moral failure or wrongdoing.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐξαμαρτάνω (examartanō), which is a compound of ἐκ (ek, 'out of, from') and ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō, 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin').

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: man-THA-noo-sin

Translations: they learn, they are learning, they understand, they are understanding, they perceive, they are perceiving

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to learn,' 'to understand,' or 'to perceive.' It is used to describe the act of acquiring knowledge or skill, or coming to an understanding of something. It can be used in sentences like 'they learn the truth' or 'they understand the lesson.'

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: MEH-giss-tas

Translations: greatest, very great, chief men, nobles, a chief man, a noble

Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'great' (μέγας), meaning 'greatest' or 'very great'. It can function as an adjective, describing something as being of the highest degree or importance. When used as a noun, it refers to 'chief men' or 'nobles', indicating individuals of high rank or authority, often in a political or social context. It is a compound word, derived from the root 'μέγας' (great).

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ

G2962

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: koo-ree-OH-tah-tas

Translations: most authoritative, most supreme, most principal, most important

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'κύριος' (kyrios), meaning 'lord' or 'master'. In its superlative form, it describes something as being the most authoritative, supreme, or principal. It is used to emphasize the highest degree of power, importance, or control, often in reference to laws, powers, or positions.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΑΣ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΑΣ, ΑΝΩΤΑΤΑΣ

G1359

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-oy-KOON-tes

Translations: administering, managing, governing, ruling, superintending, regulating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'διοικέω' (dioikeō), meaning 'to manage a household,' 'to administer,' or 'to govern.' As a participle, it describes someone who is currently performing the action of administering or managing. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun (e.g., 'the administering ones'), or adverbially, indicating the manner of an action (e.g., 'while administering'). It is often used in contexts related to managing affairs, governing a region, or superintending a task.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΩΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word διοικέω (dioikeō) is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to manage a house.' Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of managing or administering a household thoroughly or in an organized manner.

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GOO-see

Translations: confess, acknowledge, agree, profess, promise

Notes: This word means to confess, acknowledge, or agree. It is a compound word formed from the Greek words ὁμοῦ (homou), meaning 'together' or 'the same', and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Therefore, it literally means 'to say the same thing' or 'to speak in agreement'. It is used to express agreement with someone, to admit a truth, or to make a public declaration or profession of faith or allegiance.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΟΜΟΦΩΝΕΩ

G0052

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ag-NOY-ah

Translations: ignorance, a lack of knowledge, a want of knowledge

Notes: This word refers to a state of not knowing or being unaware of something. It describes a lack of information or understanding, often implying a blameless or unintentional state of not knowing.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΩΣΙΑ, ΑΜΑΘΙΑ, ΑΣΥΝΕΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΓΝΟΙΑ (agnoia) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know'. Thus, it literally means 'not knowing'.

G1988

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ih-STA-tas

Translations: overseer, a master, a superintendent, a commander, a chief, a foreman

Notes: This word refers to someone who is in charge, a supervisor, or a master. It denotes a person with authority over others, often in a managerial or leadership role, such as an overseer of workers or a commander of soldiers.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΑΤΗΣ comes from the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to set'. Thus, it literally means 'one who stands over' or 'one who is set over', referring to someone in a position of authority or supervision.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3879

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-this-TAN-tai

Translations: they are appointed, they are established, they are placed, they are set beside

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from παρά (para, "beside, alongside") and καθίστημι (kathistēmi, "to set down, appoint"). It means to be appointed, established, or placed alongside someone or something. It describes an action where individuals are formally designated or positioned.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΤΑΣΣΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

G3622

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koh-noh-MEE-as

Translations: of stewardship, of administration, of management, of a household, of a dispensation, of a plan, of an arrangement

Notes: This word refers to the management of a household or affairs, often implying a system, plan, or administration. It can also denote a divine arrangement or dispensation, a stewardship, or the responsibility of managing something. It is a compound word derived from 'οἶκος' (oikos, house) and 'νόμος' (nomos, law/custom), literally meaning 'house-law' or 'house-management'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΙΑ, ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΗ, ΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pis-KHNOO-meh-noos

Translations: promising, pledging, undertaking, guaranteeing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, masculine plural accusative of the verb 'hypiskhneomai'. It means 'promising' or 'pledging'. It describes someone who is in the act of making a promise or undertaking an obligation. In a sentence, it would function adjectivally, modifying a plural masculine noun in the accusative case, indicating that these individuals are the ones doing the promising.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Masculine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ

G3748, G3767

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ON-tee-noon

Translations: whoever, whatever, anyone who, anything that, whosoever, whatsoever

Notes: ΟΝΤΙΝΟΥΝ is a compound indefinite relative pronoun formed from ὅστις (hostis) and οὖν (oun). It means 'whoever' or 'whatever' and is used to refer to an unspecified person or thing. It functions similarly to 'anyone who' or 'anything that' in English, emphasizing the generality or universality of the statement. It is typically used in a subordinate clause.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣΤΙΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ, ΟΣΟΙ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-NO-mah

Translations: the name, a name

Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the definite article "τὸ" (to, meaning 'the') and the noun "ὄνομα" (onoma, meaning 'name'). It means "the name" and functions as a singular, neuter noun, typically in the nominative or accusative case. It is used to refer to a specific name or reputation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter (crasis of the definite article and noun)

Etymology: The word ὄνομα (onoma) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'name' in many other Indo-European languages.

G5105

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: toy-GAR-oon

Translations: therefore, consequently, accordingly, then, so then

Notes: This word is a strong inferential conjunction or adverb, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It is used to introduce a conclusion or result that logically follows from what has just been stated. It emphasizes the consequence of a preceding statement, often indicating a strong logical deduction or a call to action based on prior information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟYΝ, ΔΙΟ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of three particles: τοί (toi, 'indeed'), γάρ (gar, 'for'), and οὖν (oun, 'therefore'). It emphasizes the logical connection between statements.

G1621

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-man-THA-non-tes

Translations: learning thoroughly, learning by heart, learning exactly, learning completely, understanding fully

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn'. The combination emphasizes a thorough, complete, or exact learning process, often implying learning something by heart or understanding it fully. It describes the action of acquiring knowledge or skill in a comprehensive manner.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G3845

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-BAH-ee-nohn

Translations: transgressing, violating, going beyond, a transgressor

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'παραβαίνω' (parabainō), meaning 'to go beside, to go beyond, to transgress, or to violate'. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'beyond', and 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb, indicating someone who is currently transgressing or violating a law, command, or agreement.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΤΗΣ, ΥΠΕΡΒΑΙΝΩΝ

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-DY-nah-tos

Translations: impossible, weak, impotent, a weak person, an impotent person

Notes: This word describes something that is impossible to do or achieve, or someone who is weak, powerless, or without strength. It can refer to a physical inability or a general lack of power or capacity. It is often used to describe things that cannot happen or people who are unable to act effectively.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΣΘΕΝΗΣ, ἈΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'δυνατός' (dynatos) meaning 'able' or 'powerful'. Thus, it literally means 'not able' or 'not powerful'.

G3866