2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

G3762

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: oo-de-MEE-as

Translations: of no one, of no, of nothing, of any, of none

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the Greek word "οὐδείς" (oudeis), meaning "no one" or "nothing." It is a compound word formed from "οὐ" (ou, "not"), "δέ" (de, "but" or "and"), and "εἷς" (heis, "one"). In this specific form, it functions as a genitive feminine singular, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as "of no one" or "of no thing." It is used to emphasize the complete absence or non-existence of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝΙ

G4293

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pro-ka-ta-be-BLE-may-nays

Translations: of having been laid down beforehand, of having been paid in advance, of having been established beforehand

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been laid down beforehand' or 'having been paid in advance'. It describes something that has already been put in place or settled before a main event. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and indicates a completed action that has a continuing result.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΗΣ, ΠΡΟΚΑΤΑΘΕΜΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word προκαταβάλλω (prokataballō) is a compound verb formed from πρό (pro, 'before'), κατά (kata, 'down'), and βάλλω (ballō, 'to throw' or 'to cast'). Thus, it literally means 'to throw down beforehand' or 'to cast down in advance'.

G0324

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-grah-FESS

Translations: (of) a record, (of) a register, (of) a list, (of) a registration, (of) a transcription

Notes: This word refers to the act of recording, registering, or listing something, or the document itself that contains such a record. It can also mean a transcription or a copy. It is often used in contexts related to official documents, genealogies, or historical accounts.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΗ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΗ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΓΡΑΦΗ (anagraphē) is derived from the verb ἀναγράφω (anagraphō), meaning 'to write up, to record'. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ma-THEIN

Translations: to learn, to understand, to be taught, to find out

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'μανθάνω'. It means 'to learn' or 'to understand' something. It is often used to express the purpose or result of an action, indicating that someone is acquiring knowledge or information. For example, one might 'go to learn' or 'send someone to find out'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mn̥-dʰh₁- (to put one's mind to), related to English 'mind'.

G1014

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noos

Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, those wishing, those desiring, those intending

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing or desiring something. In this form, it functions adjectivally or substantively, often translated as 'those wishing' or 'those desiring', depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Masculine or Feminine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEL-len

Translations: was about to, was going to, intended to, was destined to

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb μέλλω (mellō). It is often used as an auxiliary verb, indicating that an action was on the point of happening, was intended, or was destined to occur. It conveys a sense of imminence or future intention from a past perspective. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was about to leave' or 'She intended to speak'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb μέλλω (mellō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to delay' or 'to be concerned with'.

G5574

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: psyoo-DOH-meh-noos

Translations: lying, deceiving, a liar, a deceiver

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'to lie' or 'to deceive'. It describes someone who is in the act of lying or deceiving, or someone who is being lied to or deceived. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are lying' or 'liars'. It is often used to describe individuals who are dishonest or spread falsehoods.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΩΝ, ΠΛΑΝΩΝ, ΔΟΛΙΟΣ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1297

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-foh-NEE-ah

Translations: discord, disagreement, dissension, difference, a discord, a disagreement, a dissension, a difference

Notes: This word refers to a state of disagreement, discord, or dissension, often implying a lack of harmony or a difference of opinion. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and 'φωνή' (phōnē), meaning 'sound' or 'voice'. It can be used to describe a conflict of sounds, as in music, or a conflict of opinions or ideas among people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΦΩΝΙΑ (diaphōnia) is derived from the Greek verb διαφωνέω (diaphōneō), meaning 'to be discordant' or 'to disagree', which itself is a compound of διά (dia, 'through, apart') and φωνή (phōnē, 'sound, voice'). It literally means 'a sounding apart' or 'a difference in sound/voice'.

G4863

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: syng-grah-FYOO-see

Translations: (to) writers, (to) historians, (to) authors

Notes: This word refers to writers, authors, or historians. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. Therefore, it literally means 'one who writes together' or 'one who compiles writings'. It is used to indicate the recipients of an action or the indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΓΡΑΦΟΣ, ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΟΣ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verbal Adjective

Sounds like: theh-TEH-on

Translations: it is necessary to place, it must be placed, one must place, to be placed, to be set

Notes: This word is a verbal adjective (gerundive) derived from the verb 'τίθημι' (to place, put, set). It expresses necessity or obligation, indicating that something 'must be placed' or 'it is necessary to place' something. It functions like a predicate adjective, often used impersonally.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: The root verb τίθημι comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-, meaning 'to put, place, set'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3729

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: hor-MAY-san-tes

Translations: having rushed, having set out, having attacked, having charged, having urged on

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having rushed' or 'having set out with force'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often indicating a sudden or forceful movement, or an eager initiation of an action. It can be used to describe people who have launched themselves forward, either physically or metaphorically, towards a goal or against an opponent.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΜΑΩ (hormaō) comes from the noun ΟΡΜΗ (hormē), meaning 'a violent motion, impulse, or onset'. It describes a strong inner urge or outward rush.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2543

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G4290

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pro-KHEI-ron

Translations: ready at hand, at hand, available, convenient, easy, a ready thing, an available thing

Notes: This word describes something that is readily available, at hand, or easily managed. It can refer to something that is convenient, easy to use, or quickly accessible. It is often used to describe a resource or a solution that is immediately present or simple to implement.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΟΡΟΣ, ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word πρόχειρος (procheiros) is a compound word formed from πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'before the hand' or 'at hand'.

G1862

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ANG-gel-mah

Translations: promise, a promise, declaration, proclamation

Notes: This word refers to a promise, a declaration, or a proclamation. It signifies something that has been announced or pledged, often with an expectation of fulfillment. It can be used in contexts where a commitment or assurance is given.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΣΧΕΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ἐπαγγέλλω (epangellō), meaning 'to promise' or 'to announce'. This verb is a compound of ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce, report').

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G1925

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-DEIK-noo-toh

Translations: they were showing, they were displaying, they were demonstrating, they were exhibiting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'to') and the verb 'δεικνύω' (deiknyo, meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'). It means to show, display, or demonstrate something, often with an emphasis on making it clear or evident. It describes an action where something is being presented or made visible to others.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G3748

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ON-tee-nah

Translations: whomever, whatever, whatsoever, anyone whom, anything that

Notes: ΟΝΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the relative pronoun ὍΣΤΙΣ, meaning 'whoever' or 'whatever'. It is used to introduce a clause that refers to an indefinite person or thing, often emphasizing the generality or universality of the statement. It functions similarly to 'whoever' or 'whatever' in English, indicating that the action or description applies to any person or thing that fits the given condition.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ, ΟΣΟΙ

Etymology: The word ὍΣΤΙΣ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and the indefinite enclitic pronoun τὶς (tis, 'someone, something'). This combination emphasizes the indefinite and general nature of the pronoun.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3924

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-yoo-doh-kee-MEH-seen

Translations: to be outdone, to be surpassed, to be outshone, to be outranked, to be outclassed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'beyond', and the verb εὐδοκιμέω (eudokimeō), meaning 'to be well-esteemed' or 'to be approved'. The compound verb παρευδοκιμέω means to be outdone, surpassed, or outshone by someone or something, indicating a failure to measure up or maintain a superior position. It describes a situation where one is outranked or outclassed.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΥΠΕΡΒΑΛΛΩ

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LAM-bah-non

Translations: they supposed, they assumed, they received, they took up, they answered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, to receive, to assume, to suppose, or to answer. In different contexts, it can refer to taking something up from below, receiving a person or idea, forming an opinion or assumption, or replying to someone.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G719

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: heer-MO-zon-toh

Translations: they were fitting, they were joining, they were adapting, they were arranging, they were betrothing

Notes: This is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'ἁρμόζω' (harmózō), meaning 'to fit together, to join, to adapt, or to arrange'. In the middle voice, it can mean 'to fit oneself, to be joined, or to be betrothed'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be fitted, to be joined, or to be betrothed'. It describes an ongoing action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΜΟΖΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἁρμόζω (harmózō) comes from ἁρμός (harmós), meaning 'a joint' or 'a fitting'. It is related to the concept of things being joined or fitted together.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3454

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: moo-tho-lo-GEH-in

Translations: to tell myths, to relate fables, to invent stories

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to tell myths' or 'to relate fables'. It combines 'μῦθος' (myth, story) and 'λέγειν' (to speak, to tell). It is used to describe the act of narrating or inventing fictional accounts, often with a connotation of unreliability or falsehood.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΥΘΟΠΟΙΕΙΝ, ΠΛΑΣΣΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΥΘΟΛΟΓΕΙΝ is derived from the Greek words μῦθος (myth, story) and λέγειν (to speak, to tell). It literally means 'to speak myths' or 'to tell stories'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: trah-PO-meh-noy

Translations: having turned, turning, having been turned, being turned, having directed oneself, directing oneself

Notes: This is a participle form of the verb 'trepo', meaning 'to turn' or 'to direct'. In the middle voice, as it appears here, it means 'to turn oneself' or 'to direct oneself'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often indicating a change in direction, focus, or activity. For example, 'having turned to the city' or 'directing themselves towards plunder'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΚΛΙΝΩ

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rin

Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks

Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ahs

Translations: kings, a king, (of) kings, (to) kings

Notes: This word refers to a king or ruler. It is used to denote a monarch, sovereign, or anyone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It can be used in a literal sense for earthly rulers or metaphorically for God or Christ as the ultimate ruler. In this form, it is the accusative plural, meaning it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating 'kings' as the recipients of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

G1867

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ai-NOON-tes

Translations: praising, commending, approving

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἘΠΑΙΝΕΩ', meaning 'to praise' or 'to commend'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally (e.g., 'the praising ones') or adverbially (e.g., 'while praising'). In this form, it refers to multiple male individuals who are engaged in the act of praising or commending.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΜΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΥΛΟΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones

Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ge-GRA-fo-ton

Translations: of those who have written, of the ones who wrote, of the writers

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who has completed the action of writing. In this form, it refers to 'those who have written' or 'the writers', emphasizing a completed action with ongoing relevance.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΕΩΝ, ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΕΩΝ

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-HOH-ray-san

Translations: they went, they proceeded, they advanced, they made room, they contained, they held

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go, proceed, advance, make room, contain, or hold'. It is used here in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, and is in the third person plural, meaning 'they' performed the action. It can describe physical movement, progress, or the capacity to hold something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G2106

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-yoo-doh-kee-MAY-seen

Translations: to be well pleased in, to approve of, to delight in, to take pleasure in

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix 'ἐν-' (en-), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb 'εὐδοκέω' (eudokeo), meaning 'to be well pleased' or 'to approve'. As a future infinitive, it describes the action of being well pleased or approving in the future. It is used to express a future state of delight or approval concerning something or someone.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΕΥΔΟΚΕΩ

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zon-tes

Translations: thinking, supposing, believing, considering, practicing, accustomed

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'thinking' or 'supposing'. It describes an ongoing action of holding an opinion, believing something to be true, or being accustomed to a practice. It can be used to describe someone who is under the impression of something or who habitually does something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-nan-tee-OH-tah-ton

Translations: most opposite, most contrary, most hostile, a most opposite thing, a most contrary thing, a most hostile thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ἐναντίος' (enantios), meaning 'opposite' or 'contrary'. As a superlative, it intensifies the meaning to 'most opposite' or 'most contrary'. It describes something that is extremely opposed or hostile to something else. It can be used to describe a person, an idea, or a situation that stands in direct and extreme opposition.

Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΙΣΤΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἐναντίος' (enantios) comes from the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in', and 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite'. It describes something that is 'in opposition' or 'facing against'.

G2477

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: his-toh-REE-ah

Translations: history, a history, account, an account, narrative, a narrative, inquiry, an inquiry, research, a research

Notes: This word refers to history, an account, or a narrative. It can also denote an inquiry or research, reflecting its original meaning of learning by inquiry. It is used to describe a chronological record of events or a detailed report of something that has happened.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΑΦΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ" comes from the Ancient Greek word "ἱστορία" (historía), meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation." It is related to "ἵστωρ" (hístōr), meaning "wise man, judge, witness."

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: PRAH-tton-tes

Translations: doing, performing, practicing, acting, those doing, those performing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do,' 'to perform,' or 'to accomplish.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action. In this form, it refers to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are performing' an action.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΤΕΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb πράσσω (prassō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an earlier form meaning 'to pass through' or 'to accomplish.' It is a common verb in ancient Greek, signifying the carrying out of actions or affairs.

G1301

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-LOO-see

Translations: continue, persist, remain, endure, keep on

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to continue' or 'to persist'. It is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and the verb τελέω (teleō), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. When combined, it signifies an action that is carried through to completion or that continues without interruption. It is often used to describe a state or action that endures over a period of time.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From διά (dia, 'through') + τελέω (teleō, 'to complete, finish'). The combination implies carrying something through to the end or continuing an action.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-THOOS

Translations: true, real, genuine, (of) true, (of) real, (of) genuine

Notes: This word describes something as true, real, or genuine, as opposed to false, imaginary, or counterfeit. It is often used to emphasize the authenticity or veracity of a person, statement, or concept. In the provided examples, it functions as a genitive, indicating possession or relation, such as 'of truth' or 'of the true one'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΕΤΥΜΟΣ

G5039

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tek-MEH-ree-on

Translations: proof, evidence, sign, a proof, an evidence

Notes: This word refers to a sure sign or a conclusive proof, something that provides undeniable evidence. It is used to denote a definitive indication or demonstration of a fact or truth. For example, one might present 'tekmerion' to support an argument or to show that something is true.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb τεκμαίρομαι (tekmairomai), meaning 'to fix a limit, determine, judge,' which is related to τέκμαρ (tekmar), meaning 'a fixed mark, goal, or sign.' The word thus conveys the idea of something that serves as a definitive marker or indicator.

G2477

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: his-to-REE-as

Translations: of history, of an inquiry, of a narrative, of a story

Notes: This word refers to a narrative of past events, a story, or an account. It can also denote an inquiry or investigation, particularly into past events. In a sentence, it would typically be used to refer to the subject matter of historical study or a specific historical account.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΑΦΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'Ιστορία' (historia) comes from the Ancient Greek 'ἵστωρ' (hístōr), meaning 'wise man', 'witness', or 'judge'. It originally referred to learning or knowing by inquiry, and later evolved to mean the account of such inquiries, particularly historical ones.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tes

Translations: all, everyone, the whole, every

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'everyone'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of a group or thing, often translated as 'all without exception' or 'the whole of'. It can be used to describe people or things.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The combination emphasizes the sense of 'all' or 'the whole' in a comprehensive manner.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOW-tah

Translations: these, these things

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. 'ταῦτα' specifically refers to 'these things' or 'these' (plural, neuter). It is used to point to something nearby, recently mentioned, or about to be mentioned, functioning either as a pronoun (e.g., 'he did these things') or as an adjective modifying a neuter plural noun (e.g., 'these words'). It can be used in the nominative or accusative case.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΑ

G227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-thay-STA-toy

Translations: most true, most truthful, most real, the most true

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ἀληθής' (alēthēs), meaning 'true' or 'truthful'. As a superlative, it signifies the highest degree of truth or reality, translating to 'most true' or 'most truthful'. It is used to describe something or someone that possesses truth to the greatest extent possible. For example, it could describe the most reliable witness or the most accurate statement.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EH-neh-kah

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'because of,' 'on account of,' or 'for the sake of.' It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating the reason or purpose for something. For example, one might say 'ΕΝΕΚΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ' (heneka tou nomou) meaning 'because of the law.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete noun meaning 'cause' or 'reason'. It is related to the Greek word 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: day-NOH-tay-toss

Translations: of cleverness, of skill, of terribleness, of awfulness, of power, of ability

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being clever, skillful, terrible, or formidable. It can denote a powerful ability or a frightening quality. In the provided context, it often relates to rhetorical skill or a formidable nature in speech or action. It is a compound word derived from ΔΕΙΝΟΣ (deinos), meaning 'terrible' or 'clever', and the suffix -ΤΗΣ (-tēs), which forms abstract nouns.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΣ, ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑΣ

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G3910

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-kho-REH-in

Translations: to give way, to yield, to concede, to grant, to allow, to withdraw, to retire

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'. Together, it means to make room alongside, hence to give way, yield, or concede. It is used to describe the act of stepping aside, allowing something to happen, or granting permission or authority to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΚΩ, ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb παραχωρέω (parachōreō) is derived from the prefix παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'.

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G2037

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-KHO-ree-ohn

Translations: (of) natives, (of) local inhabitants, (of) people of the country

Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to a particular place or country, meaning 'local' or 'native'. As an adjective, it describes people or things that are indigenous to a specific region. The form ἘΠΙΧΩΡΙΩΝ is the genitive plural, indicating 'of the natives' or 'of the local people'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'χώρα' (country, land).

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἘΓΧΩΡΙΩΝ, ἘΝΤΟΠΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΧΩΡΙΟΣ is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun χώρα (chōra), meaning 'country' or 'land'. It describes something that is 'upon the land' or 'belonging to the land'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-PEE-oh-nah

Translations: Apion

Notes: This is the name of Apion, a Greek grammarian and anti-Jewish writer who lived in the first century AD. He was known for his criticisms of the Jews, which were later refuted by Josephus in his work 'Against Apion'. The word is used here as the direct object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Apion is of Greek origin, derived from the word 'apios', meaning 'pear-shaped' or 'from the pear tree'. It was a common personal name in the ancient Greek world.

G4975

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: skheh-DON

Translations: almost, nearly, well-nigh, about, approximately

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'almost' or 'nearly'. It is used to indicate that something is very close to being true or happening, but not quite. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, conveying a sense of approximation or proximity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΜΟΝΟΝ

Etymology: From the root of Ancient Greek 'σχεῖν' (scheîn), meaning 'to have, to hold, to be near'. It implies being 'close at hand' or 'nearly'.

G2187

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-FEKS-ace

Translations: next, in order, subsequently, thereafter

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates sequence or order. It is used to describe something that follows immediately after something else, either in time, place, or logical progression. It can be translated as 'next,' 'in order,' 'subsequently,' or 'thereafter,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΞΗΣ, ΚΑΘΕΞΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΦΕΞΗΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'after,' and the adverb ἑξῆς (hexes), meaning 'in order' or 'next.'

G2990

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LA-thon

Translations: they escaped notice, they were hidden, they forgot, they were unaware

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λανθάνω' (lanthanō). It means 'they escaped notice' or 'they were hidden from'. It can also mean 'they forgot' or 'they were unaware of something'. It describes an action that happened in the past, where a group of people or things were not seen, noticed, or remembered.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΗΘΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G1303

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-THEN-tes

Translations: having been disposed, having been arranged, having been appointed, having been covenanted

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle of the verb 'διατίθημι' (diatithēmi), meaning 'to dispose, arrange, appoint, or covenant'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that has undergone the action of being disposed or arranged. It can also function adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action. In the context of a covenant, it refers to something that has been formally established or agreed upon.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΕΣΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2110

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-er-GEH-tace

Translations: benefactor, a benefactor, one who does good

Notes: This word refers to a benefactor, someone who does good deeds or provides benefits to others. It is a compound word derived from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'one who does good works'. It is used to describe a person who provides help, support, or kindness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΠΟΙΟΣ, ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΕΡΓΕΤΗΣ is a compound of the Greek adverb εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the noun ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. The suffix -της (-tes) indicates an agent or doer, thus 'one who does good deeds'.

G2722

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tas-KHOHN

Translations: holding fast, holding back, possessing, restraining, seizing, occupying, detaining, keeping, retaining, taking possession of

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'κατέχω' (katechō). It describes an action of holding, possessing, or restraining that has been completed. It can be used to describe someone who has taken hold of something, occupied a place, or kept something in their possession. It often implies a firm or forceful grip or control.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

G2904

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KRAH-toss

Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength

Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.

G5468

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kha-ris-TEE-ree-ah

Translations: thank offering, thank offerings, thanksgiving, thanksgivings

Notes: This word refers to a thank offering or a sacrifice of thanksgiving. It is typically used in the plural to denote acts of gratitude or expressions of thanks, often in a religious context, such as giving thanks to God for blessings or success.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣΤΗΡΙΟΣ (charistērios) is derived from the Greek word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor', and the suffix -τήριος (-tērios), which indicates something pertaining to or serving a purpose. Thus, it literally means 'pertaining to grace' or 'serving as an expression of grace/thanks'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3545

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NO-mee-mon

Translations: lawful, customary, legal, proper, a custom, what is lawful

Notes: This word describes something that is in accordance with law, custom, or established practice. As an adjective, it means 'lawful' or 'customary'. As a noun, it refers to 'what is lawful' or 'a custom'. It can be used to describe actions, regulations, or traditions that are considered legitimate or proper.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΙΜΟΣ is derived from the Greek word ΝΟΜΟΣ (NOMOS), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. It refers to that which is in accordance with the law or established custom.

G2005

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-TEH-leh-seh

Translations: he completed, he finished, he performed, he accomplished, he carried out

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to completion, finishing a task, or performing a duty. It implies the successful execution or accomplishment of an action, often with a sense of finality or thoroughness. It is used when someone has fully carried out a plan, a command, or a ritual.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπιτελέω (epiteleo) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb τελέω (teleo), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. Thus, it literally means 'to complete upon' or 'to bring to a full end'.

G0394

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-THEH-ken

Translations: he dedicated, she dedicated, it dedicated, he offered up, she offered up, it offered up, he set up, she set up, it set up, he consecrated, she consecrated, it consecrated

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀνατίθημι (anatithēmi). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. Therefore, it generally means 'to set up', 'to dedicate', 'to offer up', or 'to consecrate'. It describes an action completed in the past, often referring to the dedication of something to a deity or a sacred purpose.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΡΟΩ, ΚΑΘΙΕΡΟΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀνατίθημι (anatithēmi) is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. The root τίθημι comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

G0334

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-na-THEE-mah-tah

Translations: votive offerings, gifts, dedicated things, consecrated gifts

Notes: This word refers to objects or gifts that have been dedicated or consecrated to a deity, often placed in a temple as a votive offering. It signifies something set apart or devoted for sacred use.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΑΦΙΕΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνάθημα (anáthēma, “a thing dedicated”), from ἀνατίθημι (anatíthēmi, “I set up, dedicate”), from ἀνά (aná, “up, again”) + τίθημι (títhēmi, “I put, place”).

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOY

Translations: generals, commanders, governors, magistrates, chief captains, to generals, to commanders, to governors, to magistrates, to chief captains

Notes: This word refers to military commanders, generals, or civil magistrates and governors. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of leaders or officials, often in a military or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'to the generals' or 'the commanders'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: DEH-on

Translations: it is necessary, what is necessary, what is proper, things needed, necessities, a necessity

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to need'. In its neuter singular form (δέον), it functions as an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'it is proper'. When used substantively, it refers to 'that which is necessary' or 'what is proper'. In its neuter plural form (δέοντα), it means 'things needed' or 'necessities'. It describes what is required by duty, custom, or circumstance.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ, ΠΡΕΠΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₁- 'to bind'. In Koine Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' or 'to be necessary' alongside its original meaning of 'to bind'.

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thav-MAH-zayn

Translations: to wonder, to marvel, to be amazed, to admire

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'θαυμάζω'. It means to be filled with wonder, amazement, or admiration. It can be used to express surprise, awe, or a deep sense of respect for something or someone. For example, one might 'wonder at' a great deed or 'marvel at' a beautiful sight.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'θαυμάζω' (thaumazō) comes from 'θαῦμα' (thauma), meaning 'a wonder, a marvel, a sight'. Its origin is likely related to the root 'thea-' meaning 'to see' or 'to gaze at', implying something that causes one to gaze in wonder.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1295

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-SOH-sahn

Translations: they saved, they brought safely through, they preserved

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb σῴζω (sōzō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve'. Therefore, it means 'to save through', 'to bring safely through', or 'to preserve completely'. It describes an action where someone or something is brought to safety or preserved, often implying overcoming danger or difficulty.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist Indicative Active

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G4177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-LEE-tays

Translations: citizen, a citizen, fellow citizen

Notes: This word refers to a citizen, someone who belongs to a city or state and has the rights and responsibilities associated with that membership. It can also refer to a fellow citizen, emphasizing a shared civic identity. It is typically used to describe an inhabitant of a city or a member of a political community.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From πόλις (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state', referring to an inhabitant or member of a city.

G0482

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-poy-EH-tah

Translations: to claim, to lay claim to, to contend for, to strive for, to vie for, to assert a claim

Notes: This verb means to claim something as one's own, to lay claim to it, or to contend for it. It implies asserting a right or ownership over something, often in opposition to others. It can also mean to strive or vie for something.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΟΩ, ΔΙΕΚΔΙΚΕΩ, ΑΝΤΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From ἀντί (anti, 'against, in return for') and ποιέω (poieō, 'to make, to do'). The compound verb literally means 'to do in return' or 'to make a claim against'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kin-dy-NEV-on-ton

Translations: of those in danger, of those being in danger, of those risking, of those being at risk, of those venturing

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, neuter, or feminine present active participle of the verb κινδυνεύω (kindyneuō). It describes people or things that are currently in danger, at risk, or venturing into something perilous. It is often used to refer to a group of individuals who are facing a dangerous situation or undertaking a risky endeavor.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΩΝ, ΕΠΙΚΙΝΔΥΝΩΝ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From κίνδυνος (kindynos, "danger, risk"), which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κινέω (kineō, "to move").

G4852

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-BAH-sees

Translations: agreements, covenants, treaties, compacts, contracts

Notes: This word refers to formal agreements, covenants, or treaties made between parties. It describes a coming together or a meeting of minds to establish terms or conditions, often in a legal or diplomatic context. It is used to denote the outcome of negotiations or discussions that result in a binding understanding.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΑΙ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑΙ, ΔΙΑΘΗΚΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΣΙΣ (symbasis) is derived from the verb συμβαίνω (symbainō), meaning 'to come together,' 'to agree,' or 'to happen.' It is formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the root βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step.'

G1748

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: em-FY-lee-ohn

Translations: of civil, of domestic, of internal

Notes: This word describes something that is 'inborn,' 'native,' or 'belonging to one's own tribe or nation.' In context, it often refers to internal or civil matters, particularly conflicts or troubles within a community or nation, such as civil war or domestic strife. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating 'of those things that are civil/internal'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΘΕΝ, ΕΣΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΦΥΛΙΟΣ (emphylios) is derived from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'among,' and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe,' 'clan,' or 'race.' It thus refers to something 'within the tribe' or 'among one's own people.'

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-KOHN

Translations: (of) bad things, (of) evils, (of) calamities, (of) troubles

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ', meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. When used substantively, as it often is in the genitive plural, it refers to 'evils', 'calamities', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are harmful, morally corrupt, or cause distress. It can be used to describe the source or nature of something negative.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It is related to words signifying 'to hurt' or 'to wound'.

G0525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-AYL-lak-san

Translations: they released, they delivered, they set free, they removed, they got rid of

Notes: This is a verb meaning to release, deliver, or set free. It can also mean to remove or get rid of something. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to exchange'. Thus, it literally means 'to change away from' or 'to remove from'. It is used to describe the act of freeing someone or something from a state, condition, or obligation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΛΥΩ, ἘΞΑΙΡΕΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PHAY-sin

Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GAH-geh

Translations: he led, he brought, he carried

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead', 'to bring', or 'to carry'. It is in the past tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past. It describes someone (a singular male or unspecified subject) performing the action of leading, bringing, or carrying something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩΓΕΥΩ, ΕΛΚΩ

Etymology: The word ἄγω (agō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, to lead'.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tos

Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one

Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3918

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-RON-tos

Translations: of being present, of being at hand, of being here, of the present

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. It describes someone or something that is currently in a particular place or situation. In English, it often translates as 'of one who is present' or 'of the present (time/thing)', depending on the context. It can function adjectivally or substantively.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-OHN

Translations: doing, making, creating, producing, performing, a doer, a maker, the one who does, the one who makes

Notes: ΠΟΙΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΠΟΙΕΩ, meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of doing or making something. It can be translated as 'doing' or 'making' when used adjectivally, or as 'the one who does' or 'a doer' when used substantively.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G3170

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAH-lah

Translations: very, much, exceedingly, greatly, indeed

Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, adverb, or verb. It means 'very,' 'much,' or 'exceedingly.' It is often found in combination with other adverbs, such as 'εὖ' (eu), to form phrases like 'εὖ μάλα' meaning 'very well' or 'exceedingly well.' It emphasizes the degree or extent of something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ

Etymology: The word μάλα is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an ancient root meaning 'great' or 'much.'

G5454

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: FYS-kohn

Translations: Physcon, Fatso, the Fat

Notes: This word is a proper noun, an epithet or nickname, meaning 'Fatso' or 'the Fat'. It was famously used to refer to Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II, a king of Egypt, due to his large physique. It functions as a descriptive name or title.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word Φύσκων (Physcon) is derived from the Greek word φύσκα (physka), meaning 'bladder' or 'puffed up', referring to something swollen or bloated. It was used as a nickname to describe someone who was corpulent.

G1941

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-klay-THEYS

Translations: called, named, surnamed, invoked, appealed to

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'epikaleō'. It means 'having been called', 'having been named', or 'having been surnamed'. It can also refer to someone who has been invoked or appealed to. It is often used to describe someone who is known by a particular name or title, or to whom an appeal is made.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-poh-tha-NON-tos

Translations: of having died, of one who died, of a dead one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to die'. It describes someone or something that has died, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. In this genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the one who died' or 'of the dead person'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΟΣ, ΝΕΚΡΟΥ

Etymology: The word ἀποθνῄσκω (apothnēiskō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb θνῄσκω (thnēiskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix intensifies the meaning, emphasizing the finality of death.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOO

Translations: (of) a brother, (of) the brother, (of) a fellow believer, (of) the fellow believer, (of) a kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, or more broadly, a fellow human being, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G5361

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fee-loh-MAY-toh-ross

Translations: of a mother-lover, of one who loves his mother, of a mother-loving person

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'friend', and 'μήτηρ' (mētēr), meaning 'mother'. It describes someone who loves their mother or is devoted to their mother. In this form, it is genitive, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of a mother-lover' or 'belonging to a mother-lover'. It can be used to describe a person or a characteristic related to someone who loves their mother.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΟΜΗΤΩΡ is a compound of φίλος (philos), meaning 'dear, beloved, loving', and μήτηρ (mētēr), meaning 'mother'. It literally means 'mother-loving'.

G2956

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: koo-RAY-nays

Translations: of Cyrene

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of 'Cyrene', referring to an ancient Greek city and region in modern-day Libya. It was a significant center in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, known for its Jewish population. When used in a sentence, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'the Jews of Cyrene' or 'from Cyrene'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Cyrene' is of Greek origin, referring to the ancient city founded by Greeks from Thera. It is believed to be named after a spring or a nymph named Cyrene.