Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Against Apion / Book One / Chapter 37Book One, Chapter 37
Interlinear version from Josephus' Against Apion (Beta)
G0625
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-pol-LOH-nee-os
Translations: Apollonius
Notes: Apollonius is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'sacred to Apollo' or 'belonging to Apollo'. It refers to a male individual and is used as a personal identifier.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Apollonius is derived from the Greek god Apollo, with the suffix -ιος indicating 'belonging to' or 'descended from'.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G0981
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: moh-LOHN
Translations: having come, coming, having gone, going
Notes: ΜΟΛΩΝ is the masculine nominative singular aorist active participle of the verb ΒΛΩΣΚΩ, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to or at the same time as the main verb. It is often translated as 'having come' or 'having gone', indicating a completed action before another event.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΒΑΣ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The verb ΒΛΩΣΚΩ, from which ΜΟΛΩΝ is derived, is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to go' or 'to come'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G0453
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-no-AY-tohn
Translations: of foolish, of senseless, of unwise, of unintelligent
Notes: This word describes something or someone as foolish, senseless, or unintelligent. It is often used to characterize a lack of understanding or discernment. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive plural, indicating 'of the foolish ones' or 'of those who are foolish'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΦΡΩΝ, ΑΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΜΩΡΟΣ
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G5187
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: teh-too-foh-MEH-nohn
Translations: (of) those who have been puffed up, (of) those who have been blinded by pride, (of) those who have been deluded
Notes: This word describes individuals who have become arrogant, conceited, or deluded, often due to a sense of self-importance or false knowledge. It implies a state of being 'puffed up' or 'blinded' by pride, leading to foolishness or a lack of understanding. It is used to refer to a group of people.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ὙΠΕΡΉΦΑΝΩΝ, ἈΛΑΖΌΝΩΝ, ΚΕΝΌΦΡΟΝΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ΤΥΦΌΩ comes from the noun ΤΥ͂ΦΟΣ (typhos), meaning 'smoke,' 'mist,' or 'vapor.' Over time, it developed the metaphorical sense of 'haughtiness' or 'pride,' as if one's mind is clouded by smoke.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3305
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN-toy
Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly
Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition
Sounds like: KAT
Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ahn
Translations: truth, a truth
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with what is real. In a sentence, it typically functions as the direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the thing that is known, spoken, or done truthfully.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1676
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hel-lay-nee-KOYS
Translations: to Greek, for Greek, to Hellenic, for Hellenic
Notes: This word describes something as being Greek or Hellenic, referring to the culture, language, or people of Greece. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating that something is given to, for, or pertains to multiple Greek entities, such as Greek people, Greek customs, or the Greek language.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
G5385
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: fee-loh-soh-fay-SAN-tass
Translations: philosophizing, having philosophized, those who philosophized
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to philosophize'. It describes someone who has engaged in the act of philosophizing or is currently doing so. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence. In this specific form, it refers to multiple masculine individuals who have philosophized.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΖΩ, ΣΟΦΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΕΩ (philosopheō) is a compound word derived from ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΣΟΦΙΑ (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'. Thus, it literally means 'to love wisdom' or 'to be a lover of wisdom'.
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G4280
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pro-ee-ray-MEH-non
Translations: of the aforementioned, of the aforesaid, of the previously mentioned, of the things said before
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said beforehand' or 'previously mentioned'. It is used to refer to things, statements, or people that have already been spoken about or referred to earlier in the text or conversation. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often translated as 'the aforementioned' or 'the aforesaid'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΛΕΓΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΩΝ
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEN
Translations: nothing, none, not any, no one
Notes: This word is a negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one' when used as a pronoun, and 'not any' or 'no' when used as an adjective. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the indefinite pronoun εἷς (heis, 'one'). It is used to express absolute negation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝΟΣ
G1382
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-LA-then
Translations: escaped notice, went unnoticed, was hidden from, was unknown to
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'διελανθάνω' (dielanthanō), meaning 'to escape the notice of' or 'to go unnoticed'. It describes an action that happened in the past, where someone or something was not perceived or discovered. For example, 'he escaped notice' or 'it went unnoticed'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G5593
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PSY-khras
Translations: cold, cool, a cold, a cool
Notes: This word describes something as being cold or cool in temperature. It can refer to a physical sensation of coldness or a lack of warmth. It is used to modify nouns, indicating their quality of being cold.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Genitive or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΡΥΟΣ, ΨΥΧΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΡΟΣ (psychros) comes from the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to cool' or 'to breathe'.
G4392
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-PHA-sees
Translations: pretexts, excuses, reasons, pretenses
Notes: This word refers to reasons or excuses, often those that are not genuine or are used to conceal the true motive. It can also mean a pretense or a plausible reason given for an action, especially one that is misleading. It is used in a plural form here.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΙΑ, ΠΡΟΚΑΛΥΜΜΑ, ΠΡΟΒΛΗΜΑ
G0241
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: al-lay-go-REE-ohn
Translations: of allegories
Notes: This word refers to allegories or figurative interpretations. It is used to describe a narrative or description in which characters, events, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities. In a sentence, it would indicate that something is being discussed in terms of its allegorical meaning.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΒΟΛΩΝ, ΑΙΝΙΓΜΑΤΩΝ
G0050
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eeg-NOH-eh-sahn
Translations: they were ignorant, they did not know, they misunderstood, they ignored
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be ignorant of,' 'not to know,' 'to misunderstand,' or 'to ignore.' It describes a state of lacking knowledge or understanding about something, or intentionally disregarding it. It is used to indicate that a group of people did not have information or failed to comprehend a situation.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΩΣΤΩΣ, ΑΓΝΩΜΟΝΕΩ
G1352
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: dee-OH-per
Translations: therefore, wherefore, for which cause, for this reason
Notes: This word is a compound adverb or conjunction used to introduce a logical consequence or conclusion. It signifies 'for this very reason' or 'because of this'. It is often used to connect a preceding statement with a resulting action or outcome, emphasizing the direct cause-and-effect relationship.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: ΔΙΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and ὅπερ (hoper), meaning 'which very thing' or 'the very thing which'. It emphasizes the direct cause or reason for something.
G1503
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ee-ko-TOS
Translations: rightly, reasonably, justly, naturally, probably, with good reason
Notes: This adverb means 'rightly' or 'reasonably', indicating that something is done with good cause or is to be expected. It is used to express that an action or statement is fitting, proper, or logical given the circumstances.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΣ, ΟΡΘΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ
G2706
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-froh-NEH-sahn
Translations: they despised, they scorned, they looked down on, they disdained
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down') and the verb φρονέω (phroneō, 'to think, to have understanding'). It means to look down upon someone or something, to despise, scorn, or treat with contempt. It implies a strong negative judgment or a feeling of superiority. It is often used to describe a lack of respect or a dismissive attitude towards laws, people, or teachings.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΟΛΙΓΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word καταφρονέω is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think, to have understanding, to be minded'. The combination suggests thinking down upon or having a mindset against something.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G0227
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-lay-THAY
Translations: true, real, genuine, (the) true things, (the) real things
Notes: This word describes something as true, real, or genuine, as opposed to false, counterfeit, or imaginary. It can be used to describe people, statements, or concepts. For example, it can refer to a 'true man' or 'true justice'. It is an adjective that modifies nouns.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΕΤΥΜΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'un-') and λήθω (lēthō, 'to escape notice, be hidden'), meaning 'unhidden' or 'not concealed'.
G4241
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: PREH-poo-san
Translations: fitting, suitable, proper, becoming, appropriate, a fitting, a suitable, a proper, an appropriate
Notes: This word describes something that is fitting, proper, or suitable for a particular situation or person. It implies that something is appropriate or becoming, often in a moral or ethical sense. It can be used to describe actions, qualities, or things that align with what is expected or right.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΡΜΟΖΟΥΣΑΝ, ΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΝ, ΚΑΘΗΚΟΝ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOK-san
Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, dignity, reputation
Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation or dignity. It is often used in contexts of divine manifestation or human recognition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G4856
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-foh-NAY-san
Translations: they agreed, they consented, they harmonized, they made a covenant
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb φωνέω (phōneō, meaning 'to sound' or 'to speak'). It means to agree together, to be in harmony, or to come to an agreement. It describes a situation where multiple parties reach a consensus or make a joint decision.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AF
Translations: from, away from, by, of
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.
G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: HAYS
Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what
Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G3729
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hor-mee-THEYS
Translations: having been rushed, having been impelled, having been set in motion, having been driven, having been stirred up
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'ὁρμάω' (hormaō), meaning 'to set in motion, to rush, to urge on'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject was the recipient of the action (passive voice). It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of the main verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΩΘΗΘΕΙΣ, ΕΛΑΘΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'ὁρμάω' (hormaō) comes from the noun 'ὁρμή' (hormē), meaning 'a rapid motion, a start, an impulse'. It is related to the idea of a sudden movement or onset.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PLAH-tone
Translations: Plato
Notes: Platon is a proper noun referring to Plato, the classical Greek philosopher, student of Socrates, and teacher of Aristotle. He is widely considered one of the most influential figures in Western philosophy. The name is often used in philosophical or historical contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Etymology: The name Platon is of Greek origin. It is believed to be a nickname given to the philosopher by his wrestling coach, referring to his broad shoulders (from Greek πλατύς, platys, meaning 'broad'). His birth name was Aristocles.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-lohn
Translations: of other, of others, of another, of different
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to things or people that are distinct from those already mentioned or implied. As a genitive plural, it often translates to 'of others' or 'of other things', indicating possession or relation.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΩΝ, ΛΟΙΠΩΝ
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEH-nah
Translations: no one, nobody, none, nothing
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the negative pronoun/adjective "οὐδείς" (oudeis), meaning "no one," "nobody," or "nothing." It is a compound word formed from "οὐ" (ou, "not") and "εἷς" (heis, "one"). It is used to negate a person or thing, functioning as the direct object in a sentence. For example, it could mean "(I saw) no one" or "(I have) nothing."
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ
G4163
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poy-ay-TON
Translations: of doers, of makers, of poets
Notes: This word refers to those who perform an action, create something, or compose poetry. It is used to describe individuals who are active in bringing something into existence, whether it's an act, an object, or a literary work.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΤΩΝ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΩΝ
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEE-see
Translations: he says, she says, it says
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone or something is saying in the present tense. For example, 'he says that...' or 'it says in the book...'.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
G1163
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEIN
Translations: to be necessary, to be needful, to be proper, to be right, to be fitting, to be binding, to be obligatory, to be due, to be destined, to be fated, to be required, to be compelled, to be obliged, to need, to have to, must, ought
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the impersonal verb 'ΔΕΙ'. It means 'to be necessary' or 'it is necessary'. It is often used to express obligation, necessity, or what is proper or destined to happen. It typically takes an infinitive as its subject, indicating what must or ought to be done.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
G4174
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-li-TEI-an
Translations: citizenship, a citizenship, commonwealth, a commonwealth, conduct, a conduct, way of life, a way of life
Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state or commonwealth, or one's manner of life and conduct. It can describe the political system of a community or an individual's behavior within that community. In the provided form, it is the accusative singular, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΜΑ, ΒΙΟΣ, ΑΓΩΓΗ
G3858
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-DE-khes-thai
Translations: to receive, to accept, to admit, to approve, to welcome
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'paradéchomai'. It means to receive something, often with a sense of acceptance, approval, or welcome. It can be used in contexts where one takes something into possession, or agrees to something, or admits someone into a place or group.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of 'para' (παρά), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and 'dechomai' (δέχομαι), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3707
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: OH-may-ron
Translations: Homer
Notes: This word refers to Homer, the legendary ancient Greek epic poet, traditionally credited with the authorship of the Iliad and the Odyssey. As a proper noun, it is used to directly name the individual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G2161
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: yoo-FEE-mohs
Translations: well-spoken, auspiciously, reverently, favorably, with good omen, with good words
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'well-spoken' or 'with good words'. It describes an action performed in a way that is reverent, auspicious, or favorable, often implying a respectful or propitious manner of speaking or acting. It can be used to describe speaking in a way that avoids ill omens or bad language, or speaking in a way that brings good fortune.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΩΣ, ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΦΗΜΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΕΥ̓ΦΗΜΟΣ (euphemos), which means 'well-speaking' or 'auspicious'. It is a compound of ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΦΗΜΗ (phēmē), meaning 'speech' or 'report'.
G0649
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-PEM-pe-tai
Translations: is sent away, is dismissed, is divorced, is sent back, is returned
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to send away,' 'to dismiss,' or 'to divorce.' It is used to describe an action where someone or something is dispatched or sent off from a place or a relationship. It can refer to sending a person away, dismissing a group, or legally divorcing a spouse. In the passive voice, as in this form, it means 'to be sent away' or 'to be dismissed.'
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ
G4737
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: steh-fah-NO-sas
Translations: crowned, having crowned, you crowned
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to crown' or 'to encircle with a crown'. It signifies the act of placing a crown on someone or something, often implying honor, victory, or authority. It can also mean to adorn or to honor someone with a wreath or garland. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΩ, ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΦΟΡΕΩ
G3464
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MOO-ron
Translations: ointment, an ointment, perfume, a perfume, myrrh
Notes: This word refers to a fragrant oil, ointment, or perfume, often made from myrrh or other aromatic substances. It was commonly used for anointing, for medicinal purposes, for burial preparations, or simply as a pleasant fragrance.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΙΟΝ, ΑΡΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word "μύρον" is of Semitic origin, likely related to the Hebrew word "mor" (מֹר), meaning myrrh. It entered Greek through trade and cultural exchange.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G2659
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-KHEH-ahs
Translations: having poured over, having poured down, having poured out
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having poured over' or 'having poured down'. It describes an action of pouring that has been completed. It is often used to describe the act of anointing someone with oil or perfume, or simply spilling a liquid.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΩ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1211
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: DAY
Translations: now, indeed, then, already, certainly, truly, come, go to
Notes: This word is an indeclinable particle used to give emphasis, urgency, or to mark a transition in discourse. It can express a sense of 'now' or 'already', or it can be used to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on' or 'go to'. It often adds a sense of immediacy or certainty to a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΓΕ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to emphasize or urge.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3717
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: or-THAIN
Translations: straight, right, correct, a straight (one), a right (one)
Notes: This word describes something that is straight, upright, or correct. It can refer to a physical path that is not crooked, or metaphorically to a judgment, opinion, or way of life that is just and proper. It is often used to describe a path or way that is morally or ethically sound.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΘΥΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ἈΛΗΘΗΣ
Etymology: The word ὈΡΘΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to rise, to grow'. It is related to words signifying 'upright' or 'straight'.
G3454
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MOO-thoys
Translations: to myth, to story, to fable, to tale, to word, to account
Notes: This word refers to a myth, story, fable, or tale. In Koine Greek, it can also refer to a word or an account. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΙ, ΔΙΗΓΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΑΡΑΒΟΛΑΙ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to μύω (myō, 'to close the lips'), suggesting something spoken in a low voice or whispered. It refers to a spoken word or narrative.
G0008
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fah-NEE-see-eh
Translations: destroy, vanish, disappear, make unseen, consume, corrupt
Notes: This word means to make something unseen, to cause it to disappear, or to destroy it. It can also imply corruption or consumption. It is used to describe actions that cause something to cease to exist or to become imperceptible.
Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΕΞΑΛΕΙΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
G3122
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-lis-TA
Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'
Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'
G3401
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-MI-mee-tai
Translations: has imitated, has copied, has emulated, has mimicked
Notes: This word is the perfect tense, third person singular form of the verb 'μιμέομαι' (mimeomai), meaning 'to imitate' or 'to copy'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present. It is used to indicate that someone has taken on the characteristics or actions of another.
Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΩ, ΑΦΟΜΟΙΟΩ
Etymology: The word μιμέομαι (mimeomai) comes from μῖμος (mimos), meaning 'imitator' or 'actor'. This root is also the origin of English words like 'mime' and 'mimic'.
G2251
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-ron
Translations: our, ours, our own
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates something belonging to 'us'. It is used to modify a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case, or it can stand alone to mean 'our own thing' or 'our possession'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ
G3550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-moh-theh-TEHN
Translations: lawgiver, a lawgiver
Notes: This word refers to someone who establishes or enacts laws. It is used to describe a person who creates a legal system or body of regulations. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or a preposition, indicating the recipient of an action or the subject of a description.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΘΕΤΗΣ, ΝΟΜΟΔΟΤΗΣ
G2532, G0302
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: KAN
Translations: even if, although, and if, even though, if, though
Notes: ΚἈΝ is a compound word, formed by the contraction of the conjunction ΚΑΙ (and, also, even) and the particle ἈΝ (a conditional or potential particle). It is used to introduce a conditional clause, often with a concessive sense, meaning 'even if' or 'although'. It can also simply mean 'and if' or 'if' in certain contexts, indicating a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙΠΕΡ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-toh
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner
Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.
G3809
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pai-DEH-oo-mah
Translations: discipline, instruction, training, correction, chastisement, a discipline, an instruction, a training, a correction, a chastisement
Notes: This word refers to the act or result of training, instruction, or discipline. It can denote the process of educating or bringing up a child, or the correction and chastisement that leads to moral improvement. It is often used in contexts relating to moral or spiritual guidance.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΝΟΥΘΕΣΙΑ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΙΔΕΥΜΑ is derived from the verb παιδεύω (paideuō), meaning 'to train, educate, or discipline,' which itself comes from παῖς (pais), meaning 'child.' Thus, it originally related to the upbringing and instruction of children.
G4367
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-TAT-teen
Translations: to command, to order, to instruct, to appoint
Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. It is used to express the act of giving an instruction or a directive to someone. For example, one might command a soldier or order a task to be done.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ
G4177
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-LEE-tays
Translations: (to) citizens, (to) fellow citizens
Notes: This word refers to citizens or fellow citizens. It is the dative plural form of the noun 'ΠΟΛΙΤΗΣ' (politēs), meaning 'citizen'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, showing to whom or for whom something is done, as in 'to the citizens' or 'for the citizens'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΜΠΟΛΙΤΗΣ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0199
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ak-ree-BOHSS
Translations: exactly, accurately, precisely, strictly, diligently, carefully
Notes: This word means 'exactly,' 'accurately,' or 'precisely.' It is used to describe an action performed with great care, strictness, or without deviation. It emphasizes the precision or thoroughness of an action or statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΚΡΙΒΩΣΤΕΡΟΝ, ἈΚΡΙΒΕΣΤΑΤΑ
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-MOOS
Translations: laws, a law
Notes: This word refers to a law, custom, or principle. It is often used in the plural to refer to a body of laws, such as the Mosaic Law. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΕΣΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
G1621
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-MAN-tha-nayn
Translations: to learn thoroughly, to learn well, to ascertain, to find out
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn'. It signifies learning something completely, thoroughly, or by heart, often implying a deep understanding or mastery of the subject. It can also mean to ascertain or find out something definitively.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word ἐκμανθάνω is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of, from', and the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn'. The prefix ἐκ intensifies the meaning of learning, suggesting a complete or thorough acquisition of knowledge.
G3376, G3378
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: MAYN
Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly
Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.
Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ
Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.
G5177
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TOO-khen
Translations: he happened, it happened, he obtained, it obtained, he received, it received, he met, it met
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'τυγχάνω' (tynchanō). It means 'he/she/it happened' or 'he/she/it obtained/received/met'. It is often used to describe an event that occurred by chance or to indicate that someone came into possession of something or encountered someone/something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ
G1985
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-MIG-noos-thai
Translations: to mix with, to associate with, to have dealings with, to mingle with
Notes: This word describes the act of mixing or mingling with others, often implying social interaction or association. It can refer to physical mixing or to forming relationships and having dealings with people, sometimes with a connotation of illicit or undesirable association.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΟΜΙΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΟΜΑΙ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nas
Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things
Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
G1855
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EX-oh-then
Translations: outside, from outside, outwardly, without
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'outside' or 'from outside'. It describes something that is external or comes from an external source. It can be used to specify where an action takes place or where something originates.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΞΩ
G0243
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G1510
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G2513
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ka-tha-RON
Translations: clean, pure, innocent, a clean thing, a pure thing
Notes: This word describes something that is free from dirt, defilement, or moral impurity. It can refer to physical cleanliness, ritual purity, or moral blamelessness. It is often used to describe things that are unmixed or unadulterated. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating its state of purity or cleanliness.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb καθαίρω (kathairō), meaning 'to cleanse' or 'to purify'.
G4174
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-li-TEV-mah
Translations: commonwealth, citizenship, government, state, body of citizens, a commonwealth, a citizenship, a government, a state, a body of citizens
Notes: This word refers to a form of government, a body of citizens, or the rights and privileges associated with citizenship. It can describe the political system of a city or nation, or the collective group of people who hold citizenship within that system. It can also refer to the act of living as a citizen or the conduct of one's life as a member of a community.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb πολιτεύω (politeuō), meaning 'to be a citizen, to live as a citizen, to administer a state', which in turn comes from πόλις (polis), meaning 'city, state'.
G1701
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: em-MEH-non-tone
Translations: abiding, remaining, continuing, persisting, adhering, holding fast, of those abiding, of those remaining
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐμμένω', meaning 'to abide in', 'to remain in', or 'to persist in'. It describes someone or something that continues steadfastly in a state, place, or commitment. It is often used in contexts of adhering to laws, agreements, or principles.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΟΝΤΩΝ
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-moys
Translations: to laws, to a law, by laws, by a law, with laws, with a law
Notes: This word refers to a law, custom, or principle. It is often used in the context of divine or human statutes, regulations, or established practices. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or instrument of an action related to laws, such as 'to the laws' or 'by means of laws'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΣΜΟΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΑ
G4306
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: proo-no-EE-sen
Translations: he provided, he took thought beforehand, he foresaw, he planned, he took care of
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb προνοέω (pronoéō). It means 'he/she/it provided,' 'he/she/it took thought beforehand,' 'he/she/it foresaw,' 'he/she/it planned,' or 'he/she/it took care of.' It describes an action completed in the past, emphasizing the foresight or prior planning involved in providing for or taking care of something or someone.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΛΕΠΩ, ΠΡΟΟΡΑΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word προνοέω (pronoéō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pró), meaning 'before' or 'in front of,' and the verb νοέω (noéō), meaning 'to perceive,' 'to think,' or 'to understand.' Thus, it literally means 'to think beforehand' or 'to perceive in advance,' leading to the sense of providing or planning.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G3049
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: loh-gee-SAH-meh-nos
Translations: having considered, having reasoned, having calculated, having concluded, having thought, having reckoned
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, calculate, consider, or think'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and is often translated as 'having considered' or 'having reasoned'. It indicates a completed action of thinking or calculating, often leading to a conclusion or decision. It can be used to describe someone who has taken something into account or made a judgment.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΗΘΕΙΣ, ΣΥΛΛΟΓΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G2723
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tay-go-RAY-sen
Translations: he accused, he charged, he brought a charge, he brought an accusation
Notes: This word means 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against someone'. It is often used in legal or formal contexts where one person is making a formal complaint or accusation against another. It describes the act of stating that someone has done something wrong.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek κατά (kata, 'down, against') + ἀγορεύω (agoreuō, 'to speak in the assembly'). It literally means 'to speak against' someone in a public or formal setting.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3858
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-DEKH-oh-me-tha
Translations: we receive, we accept, we admit, we approve, we welcome
Notes: This word means to receive, accept, or admit something or someone. It implies a welcoming or approving reception. It can be used in contexts where one takes something offered, acknowledges a truth, or approves of a person or idea.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-lais
Translations: (to) other, (to) another, (to) different
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other,' 'another,' or 'different.' It is used to refer to something distinct from what has already been mentioned or is currently being discussed. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun is one of a different kind or an additional one.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another.' It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.
G4291
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-kah-tay-leel-im-MEH-noos
Translations: preoccupied, prejudiced, prepossessed, taken beforehand, seized beforehand, anticipated
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'πρό' (before), 'κατά' (down, completely), and 'λαμβάνω' (to take, seize). It describes something that has been taken or seized beforehand, or a person who has been preoccupied or prejudiced by prior opinions or beliefs. It implies a state of having formed an opinion or taken a position in advance, often without full consideration.
Inflection: Participle, Perfect, Passive, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΚΡΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOX-ais
Translations: glories, honors, praises, splendors, reputations
Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, praise, or splendor. It can also denote reputation or opinion. In a religious context, it often refers to the divine glory of God or Christ. It is used to describe something that is highly esteemed or magnificent.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΣ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ
G3366
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G2841
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koy-noh-NEH-in
Translations: to share, to have fellowship, to participate, to communicate, to be a partner
Notes: This verb means to share in something, to have fellowship with someone, or to participate in an activity. It can also mean to communicate or impart something to others, or to be a partner with someone in a venture or belief. It describes the act of having something in common or engaging in a joint activity.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΚΟΙΝΩΝΩ
Etymology: From κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common, shared'. The verb form implies the act of making something common or sharing in it.
G2309
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-THEL-oh-men
Translations: we wish, we want, we desire, we are willing
Notes: This word means 'we wish' or 'we want'. It is used to express a desire, intention, or willingness of a group of people (specifically, 'we'). It can be used in sentences like 'we want to go' or 'we are willing to do this'.
Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G2087
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-ran
Translations: another, other, a different
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'another', 'other', or 'different'. It is used to refer to something that is distinct in kind or quality from something else already mentioned or implied. For example, it might refer to 'another kind of person' or 'a different type of thing'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
G4914
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-AY-thee-ah
Translations: custom, habit, practice, a custom, a habit, a practice
Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or practice. It describes something that is done regularly or is a common way of behaving. It can be used to refer to both good and bad habits or established traditions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΘΟΣ, ΕΘΙΣΜΟΣ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ
Etymology: From σύν (syn, "with") and ἔθος (ethos, "custom, habit"), referring to something that is done together or habitually.
G0979
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-oo
Translations: of life, of livelihood, of means of living, a life
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΒΙΟΣ' (bios), which refers to life, especially in the sense of one's earthly existence, way of life, or means of living. It can also refer to one's livelihood or possessions. As a genitive form, 'ΒΙΟΥ' often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of life' or 'of livelihood' depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΩΗΝ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷih₃-wo-s, meaning 'living'. It is related to the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb
Sounds like: ZAYN
Translations: to live, to be alive
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to live'. It signifies the act of living or being alive, often in a continuous sense. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, or as the subject or object of another verb.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary verb, which is probably of uncertain affinity. It refers to the act of living or being alive.
G4264
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-ahee-ROO-meh-noys
Translations: choosing, preferring, purposing, intending, deciding, resolving, selecting, of those choosing, to those choosing
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'προαιρέω' (proaireō). It describes someone who is in the process of choosing, preferring, or purposing something. It can also refer to those who have made a decision or resolution. In this inflected form, it functions as a dative plural, indicating 'to/for those who are choosing/preferring/purposing'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΛΕΓΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word προαιρέω (proaireō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Thus, it literally means 'to take before' or 'to choose beforehand'.
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOOT
Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-dee-on
Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: KOY-non
Translations: common, shared, public, a common thing, the common thing, a community, the community
Notes: This word refers to something that is common, shared, or public. As an adjective, it describes something belonging to or used by all. As a neuter noun, it can refer to a common thing, a public matter, or even a community or commonwealth.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom-yos, meaning 'common, shared'. It is related to the idea of 'togetherness' or 'fellowship'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G1672
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: el-LAY-nohn
Translations: of the Greeks, Greeks
Notes: This word refers to people of Greek origin, culture, or language. It is used to distinguish them from other ethnic groups, such as Jews or Romans. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, as in 'the customs of the Greeks' or 'the land of the Greeks'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to 'Ἑλλάς' (Hellas), referring to Greece. It denotes a person from Greece or of Greek descent.
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MOH-nohn
Translations: of alone, of only, of single, of solitary
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'monos', meaning 'alone' or 'only'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of those who are alone' or 'of the only ones'. It can refer to people or things that are singular, unique, or isolated.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΙ, ΜΟΝΑΣ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G1672
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EL-lay-sin
Translations: to Greeks, for Greeks, by Greeks
Notes: This word refers to Greeks or Hellenes. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'to', 'for', or 'by'. It can refer to people of Greek descent, or more broadly, to those who adopted Greek language and culture, regardless of their ethnic origin.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΛΛΑΔΙ, ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΙΣ
G2102
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-doh-kee-MOH-tah-tohn
Translations: of the most approved, of the most esteemed, of the most reputable, of the most honored, of the most well-regarded
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'εὐδόκιμος' (eudokimos), meaning 'approved' or 'esteemed'. It describes something or someone as being 'most approved,' 'most esteemed,' 'most reputable,' or 'most honored.' It is used to indicate the highest degree of approval or good reputation within a group.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative Degree
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΤΑΤΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΤΑΤΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΒΛΕΠΤΟΤΑΤΩΝ
G3008
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: lah-keh-DAI-moh-nee-oy
Translations: Lacedaemonians, Spartans
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Lacedaemon, which is another name for Sparta. It is used to denote the people from that city-state, often in historical or geographical contexts.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΠΑΡΤΙΑΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word "Λακεδαιμόνιος" (Lakedaimonios) is derived from "Λακεδαίμων" (Lakedaimon), the ancient name for the region and city-state of Sparta in Greece. The suffix -ιος is an adjectival ending indicating origin or belonging.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kseh-nay-lah-SEE-ahs
Translations: of expulsion of foreigners, of banishment of strangers, of xenelasia
Notes: This word refers to the act of expelling or banishing foreigners or strangers from a city or country. It describes a policy or practice of excluding non-citizens. It is a compound word formed from 'ξένος' (xenos), meaning 'stranger' or 'foreigner', and 'ἐλαύνω' (elaunō), meaning 'to drive' or 'to expel'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΒΟΛΗΣ, ΕΚΔΙΩΞΕΩΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-noy
Translations: making, doing, performing, producing, creating, causing, practicing, carrying out
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action being performed by or to the subject. It can convey the sense of 'those who are making/doing' (middle voice) or 'those who are being made/done' (passive voice), depending on the context. It is often used to describe actions or activities being carried out.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-teh-LOON
Translations: they continued, they were continuing, they persisted, they were persisting, they remained, they were remaining, they lived, they were living
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to continue, persist, or remain in a state or action. It describes an ongoing or sustained activity or condition. It is often used to indicate that something was happening continuously over a period of time in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The word διατελέω (diateleo) is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and τελέω (teleo), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. The combination suggests carrying something through to completion or continuing throughout a period.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G0640
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-dee-MEIN
Translations: to go abroad, to travel, to be away from home, to leave one's own country
Notes: This word means to travel away from one's own country or home, or to reside in a foreign land. It describes the act of journeying to a distant place, often implying a temporary or permanent departure from one's native place of residence. It can be used in contexts of emigration, foreign travel, or simply being absent from home.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΠΙΔΗΜΕΩ, ΞΕΝΙΖΩ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and δῆμος (dēmos), meaning 'people' or 'country'. Thus, it literally means 'away from one's own people/country'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G2010
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PEH-treh-pon
Translations: they were permitting, they were allowing, they were entrusting, they were giving leave
Notes: This word describes an ongoing action in the past, meaning 'to permit,' 'to allow,' 'to entrust,' or 'to give leave.' It implies that someone was continuously or repeatedly giving permission or entrusting something to another. For example, 'they were allowing him to speak' or 'they were entrusting the task to them.'
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ἘΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G1312
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-af-tho-RAHN
Translations: corruption, destruction, decay, ruin, a corruption, a destruction
Notes: This word refers to the process of decay, ruin, or destruction, often implying a moral or physical deterioration. It can describe the state of being corrupted or the act of corrupting something. It is used to speak of perishing or being brought to an end, whether physically or morally.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΦΘΟΡΑ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G297
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: am-FOYN
Translations: both, of both, to both
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the numeral 'ἈΜΦΩ', meaning 'both'. It is used to refer to two people or things collectively. In this form, it indicates the genitive or dative case, meaning 'of both' or 'to both', respectively. It is always used in the dual number, referring specifically to two entities.
Inflection: Dual, Genitive or Dative, All genders
G5299
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hoo-fo-ROH-me-noy
Translations: suspecting, being suspicious, distrusting, being distrustful, viewing with suspicion, regarding with distrust
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ὑφοράω' (huphoráō), meaning 'to view with suspicion' or 'to distrust'. It describes someone who is in a state of suspicion or distrust, or who is actively suspecting something or someone. It is often used to describe a cautious or wary attitude towards a situation or person.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΠΤΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΙΣΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-NEE-ses-thai
Translations: to be, to become, to happen, to come into being, will be, will become, will happen
Notes: This word is the future middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of 'to be,' 'to become,' or 'to happen' in the future. It is often used to express what will occur or come into existence, functioning as the object of another verb or as part of a future-oriented clause.
Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΣΕΣΘΑΙ, ΠΟΙΗΣΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, to beget, to give birth.' It is related to words like 'genesis' in English.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-noys
Translations: to those, for those, with those, by those, those
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'those' or 'that one' (when singular). In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or a relationship of benefit or detriment. It can be translated as 'to those,' 'for those,' or 'with those,' depending on the context. It can refer to people or things previously mentioned or understood from the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓͂ΤΟΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G1420
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dys-ko-LEE-an
Translations: difficulty, trouble, a difficulty, a trouble
Notes: This word refers to a state of difficulty, trouble, or hardship. It describes something that is hard to do, understand, or deal with. It is often used to express the idea of an obstacle or an impediment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΑΛΕΠΟΤΗΣ, ΔΥΣΧΕΡΕΙΑ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G3679
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-NEH-dee-see-en
Translations: to reproach, to revile, to upbraid, to cast in one's teeth, to insult, to blame
Notes: This word describes the act of reproaching, reviling, or insulting someone. It implies a strong verbal condemnation or accusation, often with the intent to shame or blame. It can be used in contexts where someone is being criticized harshly or having their faults pointed out.
Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΛΗΤΤΩ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEH-nee
Translations: to no one, to nothing, for no one, for nothing, by no means, in no way
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective 'οὐδείς' (oudeis), meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. In this dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to no one' or 'to nothing'. It can also function adverbially, meaning 'by no means' or 'in no way', emphasizing the complete absence or negation of something.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝΙ, ΟΥ̓ΔΑΜΩΣ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4174
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-li-TEI-as
Translations: of citizenship, of commonwealth, of state, of government, of way of life, of a way of life
Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state, or the form of government. It can also describe a person's conduct or way of life within a community. It is often used in contexts discussing political systems or the collective body of citizens.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΒΙΟΣ
Etymology: From ancient Greek, derived from the word 'πολίτης' (politēs), meaning 'citizen', which itself comes from 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state'.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G3330
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-teh-DIH-doh-sahn
Translations: they were sharing, they were imparting, they were giving a share, they were distributing
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'μεταδίδωμι' (metadidomi). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'to give a share of, to impart, to share, to distribute'. It implies sharing something with others, often something that one possesses or has received. For example, it could be used to describe people sharing food, knowledge, or resources with one another.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΕΧΩ
G1242
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-tree-BAYS
Translations: of discourse, of discussion, of study, of philosophy, of a school, of a place of instruction, of a stay, of a sojourn, of a dwelling
Notes: This word refers to a discourse, discussion, or philosophical study. It can also denote a place where such activities occur, like a school or a place of instruction. In a broader sense, it can mean a stay, sojourn, or dwelling, indicating a period of time spent in a particular place or activity. It is used to describe intellectual engagement or a period of residence.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΧΟΛΗ, ΜΕΛΕΤΗ, ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G2206
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: zay-LOON
Translations: to be zealous, to desire earnestly, to envy, to covet
Notes: This word is a verb that expresses a strong feeling of desire or passion. It can mean to be zealous for something, to earnestly desire it, or to strive for it. However, it can also carry a negative connotation, meaning to envy or covet something belonging to another, or to be jealous. Its specific meaning often depends on the context.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word Ζηλόω (zēloō) comes from the noun ζῆλος (zēlos), meaning 'zeal, ardor, rivalry, jealousy'. This noun itself is of uncertain origin, but it generally refers to a strong, fervent emotion.
G0515
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ax-ee-OO-men
Translations: we deem worthy, we think it right, we ask, we request, we demand
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to consider worthy, to think it right, or to ask/demand something. It is used when a group of people (we) are expressing a request, a demand, or a judgment of worthiness. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'we ask for help' or 'we consider them worthy'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ἘΡΩΤΆΩ
G3348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-teh-KHEIN
Translations: to partake, to share in, to have a share in, to participate in
Notes: This word means to have a share in something, to participate in it, or to partake of it. It implies a joint possession or involvement with others. It is often followed by a genitive case to indicate what is being shared or participated in.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΕΧΩ is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'among', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to have with' or 'to hold among', leading to the sense of sharing or partaking.
G2251
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Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-meh-TEH-rohn
Translations: (of) our, (of) ours
Notes: This word is a possessive pronoun meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by a group including the speaker. As a genitive plural, it typically modifies a noun, indicating that the noun belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'the house of ours'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'ἡμέτερος' (hēmeteros) comes from 'ἡμεῖς' (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective derived from the first person plural pronoun.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noos
Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, those wishing, those desiring, those intending
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing or desiring something. In this form, it functions adjectivally or substantively, often translated as 'those wishing' or 'those desiring', depending on the context.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Masculine or Feminine Gender, Plural Number
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ
G2234
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: HAY-deh-ohs
Translations: gladly, cheerfully, with pleasure, willingly
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'gladly' or 'with pleasure'. It describes an action that is performed willingly, joyfully, or with a sense of delight. It indicates a positive disposition towards the action being taken.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΩΣ
Etymology: The word Ἡδέως is derived from the adjective Ἡδύς (hēdys), meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. It describes something that is agreeable or delightful.
G1209
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEH-kho-meh-tha
Translations: we receive, we accept, we welcome, we take, we approve
Notes: This word is the first person plural, present tense, indicative mood, middle voice form of the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ. It means 'we receive,' 'we accept,' or 'we welcome.' It implies a willing and often favorable reception of something or someone, whether it's a message, a person, or a gift. It can also mean to take or to approve.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-ee
Translations: may be, might be, let it be, would be
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb "to be" (εἰμί). It is used to express possibility, a wish, or a potential action, often translated as "may be" or "might be." It can also be used in indirect questions or to express a command or exhortation, similar to "let it be."
Inflection: Subjunctive, Aorist, 3rd Person, Singular
G5039
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tek-MEH-ree-on
Translations: proof, evidence, sign, a proof, an evidence
Notes: This word refers to a sure sign or a conclusive proof, something that provides undeniable evidence. It is used to denote a definitive indication or demonstration of a fact or truth. For example, one might present 'tekmerion' to support an argument or to show that something is true.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb τεκμαίρομαι (tekmairomai), meaning 'to fix a limit, determine, judge,' which is related to τέκμαρ (tekmar), meaning 'a fixed mark, goal, or sign.' The word thus conveys the idea of something that serves as a definitive marker or indicator.
G3633
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-mahee
Translations: I think, I suppose, I imagine, I believe
Notes: This verb means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. It is often used parenthetically in a sentence, similar to how one might say 'I think' or 'I suppose' in English to express an opinion or a less certain statement.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word Οἴομαι (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.
G5363
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-lan-throh-PEE-as
Translations: of philanthropy, of love for mankind, of benevolence, of kindness, of humanity
Notes: This word refers to the quality of loving humanity or showing kindness and benevolence towards people. It describes a disposition of goodwill and compassion towards others. It is a compound word formed from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'ἄνθρωπος' (anthrōpos), meaning 'human being' or 'man'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ, ΑΓΑΠΗ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΑ is a compound of φίλος (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos), meaning 'human being' or 'man'. It literally means 'love of mankind'.
G0260
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: AH-mah
Translations: at the same time, together, with, at once, simultaneously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'at the same time' or 'together'. It emphasizes simultaneity or togetherness of actions or people. It can also function as an improper preposition, taking the dative case, to mean 'together with' or 'with'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΥ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying 'together' or 'at the same time' in various Indo-European languages.
G3174
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-gah-loh-psy-KHEE-as
Translations: (of) magnanimity, (of) greatness of soul, (of) generosity, (of) high-mindedness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of having a great soul or spirit, encompassing virtues like generosity, courage, and nobility of mind. It is a compound word formed from ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great', and ΨΥΧΗ (psyche), meaning 'soul' or 'spirit'. It describes a person who is not petty or narrow-minded, but rather possesses a noble and expansive character.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΓΕΝΕΙΑ, ΓΕΝΝΑΙΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΓΑΛΟΨΥΧΙΑ (megalopsychia) is a compound noun derived from the adjective ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great', and the noun ΨΥΧΗ (psyche), meaning 'soul' or 'spirit'. It literally means 'greatness of soul'.
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