Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Against Apion / Book One / Chapter 21Book One, Chapter 21
Interlinear version from Josephus' Against Apion (Beta)
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G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G4859
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: soom-FOH-non
Translations: agreeing, harmonious, in agreement, a symphony, a musical instrument
Notes: This word is a compound word derived from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φωνή' (sound, voice). As an adjective, it describes something that is in agreement, harmonious, or consistent. It can also be used as a noun to refer to a musical instrument or a symphony, implying a harmonious combination of sounds. It describes things that are in accord or agreement.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΦΩΝΟΣ, ΟΜΟΓΝΩΜΩΝ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-ei
Translations: he has, she has, it has, he holds, she holds, it holds, he possesses, she possesses, it possesses
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. It is used to indicate ownership, possession, or a state of being. For example, it can describe someone having an object, a quality, or a particular condition.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2251
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-meh-TEH-raiss
Translations: our, to our, for our
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'belonging to us'. It is used to indicate possession by a group including the speaker. It functions similarly to the English word 'our', modifying a noun to show ownership or association.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ, ΗΜΕΤΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ (hēmeteros) is derived from the pronoun ἩΜΕΙ͂Σ (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from the first-person plural pronoun.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-bloys
Translations: (to) books, (to) scrolls, (to) records
Notes: This is a noun referring to books, scrolls, or written records. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done. For example, it could mean 'to books' or 'by means of books'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ, ΒΙΒΛΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ahn
Translations: truth, a truth
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with what is real. In a sentence, it typically functions as the direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the thing that is known, spoken, or done truthfully.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-GRAHP-tai
Translations: it is written, it has been written
Notes: This word is a perfect passive verb, meaning 'it has been written' or 'it stands written'. It is frequently used in the New Testament and other ancient Greek texts to refer to scripture or established records, indicating that something is recorded and remains true or valid. It often introduces a quotation from a sacred text.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΑΙ, ΓΕΓΡΑΦΘΑΙ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TAIS
Translations: (to) them, (for) them, (with) them, (by) them
Notes: This word is a third-person personal pronoun, specifically the dative plural feminine form. It means 'to them,' 'for them,' 'with them,' or 'by them,' referring to a group of feminine nouns or persons. It indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument of an action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3478
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: nah-boo-kho-doh-NOH-soh-ross
Translations: Nebuchadnezzar
Notes: This is the name of a famous king of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar II, who reigned from approximately 605 BC to 562 BC. He is known for his military conquests, including the destruction of Jerusalem and the Babylonian captivity of the Jews, and for building the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. The name is of Akkadian origin.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name is derived from the Akkadian 'Nabu-kudurri-usur', meaning 'Nabu, protect my firstborn son' or 'Nabu, protect the boundary/kudurru'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.
G3737
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral
Sounds like: ok-toh-kai-DEK-ah-toh
Translations: eighteenth, to the eighteenth, in the eighteenth
Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral, meaning 'eighteenth'. It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, similar to how 'first', 'second', or 'third' are used in English. In the provided examples, it modifies 'ἔτει' (year), indicating 'in the eighteenth year'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ΟΚΤΩ' (okto, meaning 'eight') and 'ΔΕΚΑ' (deka, meaning 'ten'), with the suffix '-τος' forming the ordinal number. It literally means 'eight and tenth'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ee-ahs
Translations: of a kingdom, of a kingship, of a reign, of a royal power, of a realm, of a royal dominion, of a royal rule
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, kingship, or royal power. It describes the domain or authority of a king, or the act of reigning. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tei
Translations: year, a year, (to) a year
Notes: This word refers to a year, a period of twelve months. It is commonly used to denote a specific year or to indicate the duration of an event, often appearing with prepositions like 'in' or 'at' to specify a time.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Etymology: The word ἔτος (etos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *wet- (year). It is related to Latin vetus (old) and English wether (a castrated ram, originally referring to an animal of a certain age).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-on
Translations: temple, a temple, shrine, a shrine
Notes: ΝΑΟΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΝΑΟΣ, meaning 'temple' or 'shrine'. It specifically refers to the inner sanctuary of a temple, the dwelling place of the deity, as distinct from the broader temple complex (ἱερόν). It is used when the temple is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
G2049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-ray-MOH-sen
Translations: he made desolate, he laid waste, he desolated, he devastated, he destroyed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make desolate,' 'to lay waste,' 'to devastate,' or 'to destroy.' It describes the act of rendering a place or thing empty, deserted, or ruined. It is often used to describe the destruction of cities, lands, or homes, leaving them uninhabited or unproductive.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ
Etymology: The verb ἘΡΗΜΌΩ (erēmoō) is derived from the adjective ἘΡΗΜΟΣ (erēmos), meaning 'desolate,' 'deserted,' or 'solitary.'
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G0852
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-fah-NEES
Translations: unseen, invisible, hidden, secret, a hidden thing
Notes: This word describes something that is not visible or cannot be seen. It can refer to something literally out of sight, or something that is concealed, secret, or unknown. It is often used to describe things that are hidden from human perception or knowledge.
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative or Accusative; Singular
Synonyms: ΑΟΡΑΤΟΣ, ΚΡΥΠΤΟΣ, ΑΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and φαίνω (phainō, 'to show, appear'). Thus, it literally means 'not appearing' or 'not showing'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tee
Translations: years
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, commonly known as a year. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple years, often in contexts describing duration or age.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙ, ΚΑΙΡΟΙ
G4000
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: pen-TAY-kon-tah
Translations: fifty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'fifty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of fifty units of something. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'fifty men' or 'fifty days'. As a numeral, it typically precedes the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From πέντε (pente, "five") and a suffix related to -κοντα (-konta, "-ty").
G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-roh
Translations: second, (to) second, (to) a second
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'second' in a sequence or order. It is used to describe something that comes after the first, indicating its position in a series. For example, it can refer to the second day, the second year, or the second person.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2954
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KOO-roo
Translations: of Cyrus
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Cyrus'. It refers to Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, who was king of Persia. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'of Cyrus' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2310
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-meh-LEE-ohn
Translations: of a foundation, of foundations, a foundation, foundations
Notes: This word refers to a foundation, the base or groundwork upon which something is built. It can be used literally for the base of a building or figuratively for the fundamental principles or basis of an idea or system. In the provided examples, it is used in the context of laying the foundation of the earth or mountains.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΣ, ΥΠΟΒΑΘΡΟΝ
Etymology: From the Greek verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set', indicating something that is laid down as a base.
G5229
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hoo-poh-bleh-THEN-tohn
Translations: (of) having been put under, (of) having been suggested, (of) having been prompted
Notes: This word is a passive participle, meaning 'having been put under' or 'having been suggested/prompted'. It describes something that has been placed beneath or secretly introduced, or an idea that has been subtly presented or inspired. It is used to refer to things that have been subjected to an action, often with an implication of being secretly or subtly influenced.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G1152
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: da-REH-yoo
Translations: of Darius
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Darius, a common name for several kings of Persia mentioned in the Old Testament. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Darius' or 'from Darius'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Darius is derived from Old Persian Dārayavauš, meaning 'he who holds firm the good' or 'he who upholds the good'. It was a royal name used by several Achaemenid kings of Persia.
G0658
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-teh-LES-theh
Translations: it was completed, it was finished, it was accomplished, it was brought to an end, it was brought to perfection
Notes: This word describes something being brought to completion, finished, or accomplished. It implies a process reaching its intended end or perfection. It is often used in contexts where a task, building, or prophecy is fulfilled or brought to its final state.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἀποτελέω (apoteléo) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπο- (apo-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb τελέω (teléo), meaning 'to complete', 'to finish', or 'to bring to an end'. The prefix ἀπο- intensifies the meaning of completion, emphasizing the finality or full accomplishment of an action.
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-THEH-soh
Translations: I will add, I will put to, I will give besides, I will increase
Notes: This word means to add something to what is already present, to put something in addition to something else, or to increase a quantity. It is used to express future actions of adding or increasing. For example, one might say 'I will add more water' or 'I will give you more'.
Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G5403
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foy-nee-KOHN
Translations: (of) palm trees, (of) palm branches, (of) Phoenicians, (of) purple
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΦΟΙΝΙΞ'. It can refer to palm trees or palm branches, often associated with victory or celebration. It can also refer to the Phoenician people, or to the color purple, which was famously produced in Phoenicia.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΩΝ, ΦΟΙΝΙΚΕΣ
G0325
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-GRAH-fas
Translations: records, registers, lists, enrollments, a record, a register, a list, an enrollment
Notes: This word refers to written records, registers, or lists. It is used to denote official or historical documents that contain important information, such as genealogies, chronicles, or public records. It can be understood as a compilation or inscription of data.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΓΟΙ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3889
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Part of Speech: Verbal Adjective
Sounds like: pa-ra-LEIP-teh-on
Translations: one must omit, it is necessary to omit, it must be passed over, it must be neglected
Notes: This word is a verbal adjective (gerundive) derived from the verb 'παραλείπω' (paraleipō), meaning 'to omit' or 'to neglect'. As a gerundive, it expresses necessity or obligation, indicating that something 'must be omitted' or 'should be neglected'. It functions impersonally, often translated with 'it is necessary to...' or 'one must...'.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΤΕΟΝ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΤΕΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'παραλείπω' (paraleipō) is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon'. Together, they convey the sense of leaving something aside or passing it over.
G0585
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-seh-ohn
Translations: of proof, of demonstration, of evidence, of conviction
Notes: This word refers to a clear and convincing proof, demonstration, or evidence that establishes the truth of something. It implies a logical and conclusive argument or a factual showing that leaves no room for doubt. It is used in contexts where something is being proven or demonstrated.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
G4047
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-oo-SEE-ah
Translations: abundance, a surplus, property, a possession, a peculiar treasure
Notes: This word refers to an abundance, surplus, or excess of something. It can also denote property, possessions, or a special treasure, particularly in the context of something set apart or belonging uniquely to someone. It is often used to describe a people or possession that God has chosen for Himself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΤΗΜΑ
Etymology: From the verb περίειμι (perieimi), meaning 'to be over and above, to be superfluous, to remain', which is a compound of περί (peri, 'around, about') and εἰμί (eimi, 'to be'). It refers to that which is 'over and above' or 'remaining'.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. For example, it can mean 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or simply 'is' in a sentence.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with the English word 'is' and Latin 'est'.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-tee
Translations: such, such a, such a kind of, of such a kind
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe the quality or nature of a noun, indicating that it is of the type or character previously mentioned or implied. It functions similarly to 'this kind of' or 'that kind of' in English, often emphasizing a particular characteristic.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khro-NOHN
Translations: of times, of seasons, of ages, of periods
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or an age. It is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΩΝ, ΑΙΩΝΩΝ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G2671
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-rith-MEE-sis
Translations: enumeration, a numbering, a counting, a census
Notes: This word refers to the act of counting or numbering, an enumeration. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and 'ἀριθμέω' (arithmeō), meaning 'to count' or 'to number'. It is used to describe a systematic counting or a census.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΙΘΜΟΣ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ
Etymology: From the verb καταριθμέω (katarithmeō), meaning 'to count down' or 'to number among', which is itself derived from κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and ἀριθμός (arithmos, 'number').
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-thoh-BAH-loo
Translations: of Ithobal
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically the name of a king. The form "ἸΘΩΒΑΛΟΥ" indicates the genitive case, meaning "of Ithobal" or "Ithobal's". It is used to indicate possession or origin, as in "the reign of Ithobal" or "Ithobal's kingdom".
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohs
Translations: (of) a king, (of) king
Notes: This word refers to a monarch or sovereign ruler. It is used to denote the leader of a kingdom or nation. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to a king' or 'from a king'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G4172
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-po-lee-or-KAY-seh
Translations: he besieged, he blockaded, he beleaguered
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to besiege' or 'to blockade'. It describes the act of surrounding a place, such as a city or fortress, with armed forces to compel its surrender. It is typically used in historical or military contexts to describe a prolonged attack or encirclement.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΕΚΑΘΙΣΕΝ, ΠΕΡΙΕΧΩ
G5180
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOO-ron
Translations: cheese, a cheese
Notes: This word refers to cheese. It is a common food item mentioned in ancient texts. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object or subject, for example, 'they ate cheese' or 'the cheese was good'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek.
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: deh-KAH-tree-ah
Translations: thirteen
Notes: This word is a compound numeral meaning 'thirteen'. It is formed from 'δέκα' (ten) and 'τρία' (three). It is used to indicate the quantity of thirteen of something, as in 'thirteen years' or 'thirteen men'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word 'δεκατρία' is a compound of the Koine Greek words 'δέκα' (deka), meaning 'ten', and 'τρία' (tria), meaning 'three'.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G0936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-bah-see-LEH-oo-seh
Translations: he reigned, he ruled, he became king
Notes: This word means 'he reigned' or 'he ruled as king'. It describes the action of someone holding royal power or becoming a monarch. It is typically used in historical or narrative contexts to indicate that a person took the throne or exercised kingship.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G0896
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-AHL
Translations: Baal, a Baal
Notes: Baal refers to a prominent Canaanite and Phoenician deity, often associated with fertility, storms, and kingship. In the Old Testament, the worship of Baal is frequently depicted as a major rival to the worship of Yahweh, the God of Israel. The term can also be used more generally to refer to a false god or idol.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΛΟΝ, ΨΕΥΔΟΘΕΟΣ
Etymology: From Hebrew בַּעַל (baʿal), meaning 'owner,' 'lord,' or 'master.' It was a common Semitic title for a deity.
G1176
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEH-kah
Translations: ten
Notes: This word means 'ten' and is used to denote the number 10. It is an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number in a sentence. It can be used to count objects or refer to a quantity of ten.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar words for 'ten' in other Indo-European languages.
G1348
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-kas-TAI
Translations: judges, a judge
Notes: This word refers to individuals who are appointed or chosen to administer justice, make legal decisions, or preside over a court. It is used to describe those who hold authority in legal matters and are responsible for discerning right from wrong and rendering judgments.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΤΑΙ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ
G2525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tes-TAH-thay-san
Translations: they were appointed, they were established, they were set up, they were made
Notes: This word means 'they were appointed' or 'they were established'. It describes a group of people being formally put into a position or office, or being set in place. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'ἵστημι' (to stand, to set).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ, ΕΤΕΘΗΣΑΝ
G1348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-dee-KAH-san
Translations: they judged, they decided, they administered justice
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to judge', 'to decide', or 'to administer justice'. It describes the action of making a legal or moral judgment, or acting as a judge. It is used to indicate that a group of people performed the act of judging or deciding.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ek-NEE-bah-los
Translations: Eknibalos
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a personal name. In the provided context, it appears to be the name of a judge or ruler. It does not change meaning in different contexts, but refers to a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of this specific proper noun is not readily available in standard Koine Greek lexicons, suggesting it may be a transliteration of a foreign name or a less common name.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bas-LEE-khoo
Translations: Baslechou
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name, given its context alongside other names in historical or narrative texts. It is not a common word in standard Koine Greek vocabulary, suggesting it might be a transliteration of a foreign name or a less common variant.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive
Etymology: The etymology of this specific proper noun is unknown. It does not appear to be derived from common Greek roots.
G3376, G3403
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Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun
Sounds like: MAY-nas
Translations: month, a month, Manasseh
Notes: This word can refer to a 'month,' which is a period of time, typically one of the twelve divisions of the year. It can also be a proper noun, 'Manasseh,' referring to a specific person, such as a king of Judah or a tribe of Israel. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΗΝ, ΜΑΝΑΣΣΗΣ
Etymology: The word for 'month' (ΜΗΝΑΣ) comes from an ancient root referring to the moon, as months were originally lunar cycles. The proper noun 'Manasseh' (ΜΗΝΑΣ) is a transliteration of a Hebrew name, meaning 'causing to forget'.
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Symbol
Sounds like: BEE-tah
Translations: 2, two
Notes: This symbol represents the number two (2) in the Koine Greek numeral system. The single prime mark (keraia) at the end indicates that the letter is being used as a numeral rather than a letter in a word. It is equivalent to the English numeral '2'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHEL-bays
Translations: Chelbes
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name, possibly of non-Greek origin. In the provided context, it seems to refer to an individual, possibly a judge or ruler, following a list of other names. Its exact meaning or origin within Greek is not clear, suggesting it might be a transliteration from another language.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of ΧΕΛΒΗΣ is uncertain. It does not appear to be a native Greek word and is likely a transliteration of a foreign name into Greek.
G0003
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ab-DAI-oo
Translations: of Obadiah
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Obadiah', which is a Hebrew name meaning 'servant of Yahweh' or 'worshiper of Yahweh'. It refers to a prophet in the Old Testament whose book is the shortest in the Old Testament. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'of Obadiah' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Obadyah' (עֹבַדְיָה), meaning 'servant of Yahweh'.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: EE-oh-tah (as a letter), EE (as a numeral)
Translations: iota, ten
Notes: The word 'Ι' is the tenth letter of the Greek alphabet, known as iota. When followed by a keraia (΄), it functions as a numeral, representing the number 10. It can be used in contexts where numbers are written out using Greek letters.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Iota is derived from the Phoenician letter Yodh. It is the smallest letter in the Greek alphabet.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AB-ba-ros
Translations: Abbaros
Notes: Abbaros is a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name. It does not appear in standard Koine Greek lexicons or the Septuagint, suggesting it might be a less common name, a variant spelling, or specific to a particular historical text.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of Abbaros is not readily available in standard Greek etymological resources. It may be of non-Greek origin, possibly Semitic or another regional language, adopted into Greek texts.
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS
Translations: high priest, a high priest
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Symbol
Sounds like: GAH-mah
Translations: 3, third
Notes: This symbol, 'Γ΄', represents the numeral 3 in Koine Greek, often functioning as an ordinal (third) or cardinal (3). The apostrophe-like mark (keraia) indicates that the letter is being used as a number. It is a common way to denote numerical values in ancient Greek texts. It is also possible, though less likely in this context, that the apostrophe-like mark is a coronis, indicating an elision or crasis, but its placement after a single letter strongly suggests its use as a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a numeral symbol)
Etymology: The letter Gamma (Γ) is derived from the Phoenician letter Gimel. When used as a numeral, it represents the third letter of the Greek alphabet, and thus the number 3.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: MOO-tee-nos
Translations: Myttynos
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name. Based on the provided context, it seems to refer to an individual, possibly a ruler or judge, in a historical or narrative sequence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of 'ΜΥΤΤΥΝΟΣ' is not readily available in standard Koine Greek lexicons. It appears to be a name of non-Greek origin, possibly Semitic, given the context of names like Baal and other judges.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: geh-RAS-trah-tos
Translations: Gerastratus
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a male personal name. It is a compound word derived from 'γέρας' (geras), meaning 'gift, privilege, honor', and 'στρατός' (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'host'. Therefore, the name could imply 'honored army' or 'army of honor'. It would be used as a name for a person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Γεράστρατος (Gerastratus) is of Greek origin, formed from the elements 'γέρας' (geras), meaning 'gift, privilege, honor', and 'στρατός' (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'host'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ab-day-LEE-moo
Translations: Abdelimou
Notes: This is a proper noun, likely referring to a person's name. It appears to be a transliteration of a foreign name into Greek. In the provided context, it seems to be part of a list of names, possibly judges or rulers.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word is a transliteration of a foreign name, likely Semitic in origin, into Greek. Its precise etymology beyond that is not readily available in Greek sources.
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Symbol
Sounds like: This is a numerical symbol and does not have a phonetic pronunciation as a word. It represents the number six.
Translations: 6
Notes: This symbol, known as stigma, is used in Koine Greek to represent the number 6. It is a numerical symbol rather than a word with a phonetic pronunciation in itself. It is often found in texts where numbers are written using Greek letters and symbols.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΞ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G3342
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: meh-TAHK-soo
Translations: between, among, while, meanwhile
Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb. As a preposition, it means 'between' or 'among', indicating a position or relationship between two or more things or people. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'in the meantime' or 'while'. For example, it can describe something located spatially between two points, or an event occurring temporally between two other events.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝ ΜΕΣΩ, ΜΕΣΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΞΥ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μέσος (mesos, 'middle') or a compound involving μετά (meta, 'with, among').
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-LAH-toh-ross
Translations: Balatoros
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name, possibly of foreign origin, given its unusual structure for Koine Greek. It is not a common Greek word found in standard lexicons. In the provided context, it seems to refer to an individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: It's not clear what the etymology of this word is. It does not appear to be of Greek origin.
G1763
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-ee-ow-TON
Translations: year, a year
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, a full year. It is commonly used to denote a specific duration of time. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'for a year' or 'every year'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EH-nah
Translations: one, a, an, a certain
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the numeral 'one'. It can be used as a numeral to indicate a single unit, or as an indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, meaning 'a certain one' or 'someone'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to other words meaning 'one' in various Indo-European languages.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
G5053
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: teh-le-oo-TEE-san-tos
Translations: (of) one who died, (of) a dead person, (of) one having died, (of) someone who has died
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τελευτάω' (teleutaō), meaning 'to finish', 'to end', or 'to die'. As a genitive masculine singular participle, it indicates an action completed before the main verb, often translated as 'when he died', 'after he died', or 'of one who died'. It describes the state or action of someone who has passed away.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΚΠΝΕΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from τέλος (telos), meaning 'end' or 'completion'. The verb thus signifies bringing something to an end or reaching a conclusion, which extends to the concept of dying as the end of life.
G0649
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-pos-TEI-lan-tes
Translations: having sent, sending, dispatching, having dispatched
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apostellō', meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring. It indicates that the subject of the sentence has performed the action of sending someone or something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΜΨΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΕΙΛΑΝ
G3343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tep-EM-psan-toh
Translations: they sent for, they summoned, they called for
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from μετά (meta, 'with, after'), ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to'), and πέμπω (pempo, 'to send'). It means to send for someone or something, to summon, or to call for. It is used when a group of people initiates the action of having someone or something brought to them.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΠΕΜΠΩ is a compound verb. It combines the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb πέμπω (pempo), meaning 'to send'. The combination signifies sending for someone or something to come to oneself.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mer-VAH-lon
Translations: Merbalon
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely referring to a person's name. It is used to identify a specific individual, similar to how names are used in English sentences.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The etymology of 'Merbalon' is not clearly documented in Greek lexicons. It appears to be a foreign name, possibly of Semitic or Babylonian origin, given the context of its usage.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G0900
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nos
Translations: of Babylon
Notes: This word refers to the ancient city and empire of Babylon. It is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Babylon' or 'from Babylon'. For example, 'king of Babylon'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-bah-see-LEH-oo-sen
Translations: he reigned, he ruled, he became king
Notes: This word describes the action of reigning, ruling, or becoming a king. It is commonly used in historical or narrative contexts to indicate that a person took on or exercised royal authority over a territory or people.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: four
Notes: This is the Greek letter Delta (Δ) followed by a keraia (΄), which is a symbol used in ancient Greek to denote a number. In this case, Δ΄ represents the cardinal number four. It functions similarly to how Roman numerals are used in English, indicating a quantity.
Inflection: Cardinal number, does not inflect for gender, case, or number in this form.
G80
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FON
Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman
Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ROH-mon
Translations: Hiram
Notes: This word is a proper noun, referring to Hiram, the King of Tyre, who was a contemporary and ally of King David and King Solomon of Israel. He is known for providing materials and craftsmen for the construction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. The word is used here in the accusative case, indicating that Hiram is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew name חִירָם (Ḥīrām), meaning 'my brother is exalted' or 'noble brother'.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: ee-KOH-sin
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: This word comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'twenty'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G2959
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ross
Translations: Cyrus
Notes: This is the name of a historical Persian king, Cyrus the Great. He is known for conquering Babylon and allowing the Jewish exiles to return to Jerusalem and rebuild their temple. The name is used to refer specifically to this individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Cyrus' is of Persian origin, derived from the Old Persian 'Kūruš'. It is believed to mean 'throne' or 'sun'.
G4067
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PER-sohn
Translations: of Persians, Persians
Notes: This word refers to the people of Persia, an ancient empire. It is used to denote origin or possession, often appearing in phrases like 'King of the Persians'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word 'Πέρσης' (Perses) is derived from the Old Persian word 'Pārsa', which was the name of the people and their land.
G1413
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-dy-nas-TEV-sen
Translations: he reigned, he ruled, he exercised power, he was powerful
Notes: This word describes the action of exercising power, ruling, or reigning as a sovereign or a powerful individual. It implies holding authority and dominion over others. It is used to describe someone who has become a ruler or a dynast.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΑΡΧΩ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: oo-KOON
Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, well then, is it not so?
Notes: This is a compound particle formed from ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and ΟΥ̓Ν (therefore, then). It is used to draw a conclusion or inference, often with a sense of 'therefore' or 'consequently'. When used in a question, it expects an affirmative answer, similar to 'is it not so?' or 'surely then?'. It can also introduce a new point in an argument or narrative, meaning 'well then' or 'accordingly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἌΡΑ, ΤΟΊΝΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΟΥΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the inferential particle ΟΥ̓Ν (therefore, then).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G4863
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: SOOM-pas
Translations: all, the whole, every, a whole
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'all together' or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a complete group or entirety of something. For example, it can refer to 'all the people' or 'the whole land'. It often emphasizes the totality or completeness of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: From the prefix ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHROH-nos
Translations: time, a time, period, season, age
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, whether a specific duration, a season, or a general era. It can denote chronological time, a specific point in time, or a duration. It is often used to describe the passage of time or a particular interval.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: From an unknown root. It refers to a period of time, often contrasted with 'kairos' which refers to a specific, opportune time.
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: NEE-DAH
Translations: 54
Notes: This is a Koine Greek numeral, representing the number 54. The letter Nu (Ν) stands for 50, and Delta (Δ) stands for 4. The keraia (΄) at the end is a numerical marker, indicating that the preceding letters are to be interpreted as a number rather than a word. It is used in contexts where a numerical value is required, such as counting years or quantities.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The numeral is formed from the Greek letters Nu (Ν) and Delta (Δ), which were used to represent numbers in the ancient Greek numeral system.
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREES
Translations: three
Notes: ΤΡΕΙΣ is the cardinal number 'three'. It is used to denote a quantity of three units. As a declinable numeral, its form changes according to the gender and case of the noun it modifies. This specific form, ΤΡΕΙΣ, is used for masculine and feminine nouns in the nominative and accusative plural cases.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'three'.
G3376
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAY-nes
Translations: months
Notes: This word refers to a month, a period of time corresponding to one of the twelve divisions of the year. In its plural form, it is used to denote multiple months.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G1442
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eb-DO-moh
Translations: seventh
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'seventh'. It is used to indicate the ordinal position of something, such as a day, month, or year, as seen in the provided examples.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G3478
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: nah-boo-kho-doh-NOH-soh-roo
Translations: of Nebuchadnezzar
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Nebuchadnezzar II, the most famous king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, who reigned from approximately 605 BC to 562 BC. He is known for his conquest of Judah and the destruction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case to indicate possession or relation, such as 'the reign of Nebuchadnezzar'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Nebuchadnezzar' is derived from the Akkadian 'Nabû-kudurri-uṣur', meaning 'Nabu, protect my firstborn son' or 'Nabu, protect the boundary'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh
Translations: began, started
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.
G4147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pol-ee-or-KEIN
Translations: to besiege, to blockade, to beleaguer
Notes: This word describes the act of surrounding a city or fortress with an army to cut off its supplies and force its surrender. It is used to express the military action of laying siege to a place.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ
Etymology: From the Greek words πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure'. The combination implies 'to encircle a city'.
G5068
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: tes-sa-res-ke-DEK-a-toh
Translations: (to) the fourteenth, (in) the fourteenth
Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral meaning 'fourteenth'. It is a compound word formed from 'τέσσαρες' (four), 'καί' (and), and 'δέκατος' (tenth). It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, such as 'the fourteenth year' or 'the fourteenth day'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EYE-roh-MOO
Translations: of Eiromos
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Eiromos, likely referring to a king or ruler. It indicates possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Eiromos' or 'Eiromos's'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4067
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PER-sees
Translations: Persian, a Persian
Notes: This word refers to an inhabitant of Persia, an ancient empire located in what is now Iran. It is used to identify someone as being from that region or belonging to that people group.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From an ancient name for the region, ultimately of Old Persian origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2904
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KRAH-toss
Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength
Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.
G3880
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EL-ab-en
Translations: received, took, took along, took over, took into possession, took control of
Notes: This verb means to receive something, to take something along with oneself, or to take possession or control of something. It often implies taking something from another person or taking something into one's care or possession. It can be used in contexts of receiving traditions, taking someone with you on a journey, or a ruler taking over a kingdom.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ
G4859
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: soom-FOH-nah
Translations: in agreement, harmoniously, according to, agreeable, consistent, suitable
Notes: This word describes something that is in agreement, harmonious, or consistent with something else. As an adjective, it means 'agreeable' or 'suitable'. As an adverb, it means 'harmoniously' or 'in agreement with', often followed by a dative case to indicate what it is in agreement with. It can also mean 'according to' or 'in conformity with'.
Inflection: Neuter Plural Nominative or Accusative (as adjective), or Adverbial Accusative Neuter Plural
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΦΩΝΟΣ, ΕΥΑΡΜΟΣΤΟΣ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΥΜΕΝΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟΣ is a compound word derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΦΩΝΗ (phōnē), meaning 'sound' or 'voice'. Thus, it literally means 'sounding together' or 'harmonious'.
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-oo
Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples
Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G2251
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-roys
Translations: our, our own, our people, our things
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'our own'. It is used to indicate possession by the first person plural (we). It can refer to people ('our people') or things ('our things') belonging to 'us'. In this form, it is a plural dative, meaning 'to/for our' or 'with/by our'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ, ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the Koine Greek pronoun ἡμεῖς (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from the first person plural pronoun.
G1121
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GRAHM-mah-see
Translations: (to) letters, (by) writings, (with) documents, (in) literature
Notes: This word refers to a letter of the alphabet, a written character, or more broadly, a piece of writing, a document, or even literature. In its dative plural form, as seen in ΓΡΑΜΜΑΣΙ, it often indicates the means or instrument by which something is done, such as 'by means of letters' or 'with writings'. It can also denote location or association, like 'in letters' or 'among writings'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΑΙ, ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΓΡΑΜΜΑ comes from the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It originally referred to a mark or line, then developed to mean a written character or letter, and subsequently, a piece of writing.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G5466
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khal-DAI-ohn
Translations: of the Chaldeans
Notes: This word refers to the Chaldeans, an ancient people who inhabited Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. They were known for their wisdom, particularly in astrology and divination. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of the Chaldeans' or 'the land of the Chaldeans'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΔΑΙΟΣ (Chaldaios) is derived from the Hebrew word Kasdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), which refers to the inhabitants of Chaldea. It entered Greek through various ancient contacts.
G5184
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun
Sounds like: too-ree-OHN
Translations: of Tyrians, of Tyre, Tyrian
Notes: This word refers to things or people associated with the ancient city of Tyre. It is used to describe inhabitants of Tyre or possessions belonging to them. In the provided examples, it refers to the boundaries of the Tyrians or the walled cities of the Tyrians.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From the Hebrew word Tsor (צֹר), meaning 'rock', referring to the city of Tyre, which was built on a rocky island.
G3670
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: oh-moh-loh-gee-MEH-nee
Translations: confessed, agreed upon, acknowledged, admitted, a confessed, an agreed upon
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been confessed' or 'having been agreed upon'. It describes something that has been acknowledged or admitted as true or valid. It is often used to refer to something that is generally accepted or publicly recognized.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΔΕΔΟΓΜΕΝΗ
G0369
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-nan-TEE-rray-tos
Translations: undeniable, unquestionable, irrefutable, without contradiction
Notes: This word describes something that cannot be contradicted, gainsaid, or disputed. It signifies that which is beyond question or argument, often used to emphasize the certainty or truth of a statement or fact. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-, 'not') and ἀντιρρητός (antirrhētos, 'disputed, gainsaid').
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine; or Nominative, Accusative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΠΙΛΗΠΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΝΔΕΗΣ
Etymology: This word is derived from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-, 'not') combined with ἀντιρρητός (antirrhētos), which means 'disputed' or 'gainsaid'. The latter part comes from ἀντιλέγω (antilegō, 'to speak against, contradict').
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-ray-MEH-nohn
Translations: of the things said, of the things spoken, of the things mentioned, of the aforesaid, of the aforementioned
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said' or 'having been spoken'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to things that have already been stated or mentioned. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of the things that have been said' or 'of the aforementioned things'. It is often used to refer back to previous statements or topics in a text.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΛΕΛΑΛΗΜΕΝΩΝ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3141
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mar-too-REE-ah
Translations: testimony, witness, evidence, a testimony
Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence, often given in a legal or formal context. It can also refer to the act of bearing witness or providing proof. It is typically used to describe a statement or declaration that confirms or proves something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ
Etymology: From the Greek word μάρτυς (martys), meaning 'witness'. It refers to the act or content of bearing witness.
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-NOOS
Translations: of race, of kind, of family, of nation, of offspring, of stock
Notes: This word refers to a group of people sharing common ancestry, characteristics, or origin. It can also refer to a species, type, or class of things. It is often used to describe a lineage, a people group, or a category.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khai-O-tay-toss
Translations: of antiquity, of ancientness, of ancient times, of oldness
Notes: This word refers to the state or quality of being ancient or old. It denotes antiquity, ancientness, or the distant past. It is often used to describe things that belong to or are characteristic of ancient times, such as customs, traditions, or historical periods.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΝ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G5356
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: fee-loh-NEE-koys
Translations: contentious, quarrelsome, disputatious
Notes: This word describes someone who is fond of strife or argument, prone to quarreling, or eager to contend. It characterizes a person who is argumentative or disputatious by nature. It can be used to describe individuals or groups.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣΤΙΚΟΣ, ΜΑΧΙΜΟΣ
G0714
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ar-KEH-seen
Translations: to be sufficient, to be enough, to suffice, to satisfy, to content
Notes: This word means to be sufficient or enough, indicating that something meets the required standard or quantity. It can also mean to satisfy or content someone. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it is enough' or 'it suffices'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΩ, ΕΞΑΡΚΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἈΡΚΈΩ (arkeō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to ward off' or 'to be strong enough'.
G5274
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-lam-BAH-no
Translations: to take up, to receive, to suppose, to assume, to answer, to interrupt
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under, below) and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (to take, to receive). Its meaning varies depending on context, ranging from physically taking something up or receiving it, to mentally supposing or assuming something. It can also mean to answer someone or to interrupt a conversation.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G4280
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: pro-ee-REE-may-nah
Translations: aforementioned, before-mentioned, previously said, what has been said before, the things previously said
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said beforehand' or 'previously mentioned'. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'ἐρῶ' (erō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to refer to things, statements, or events that have already been spoken about or referred to earlier in the text or conversation.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΑ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ
G3606
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: O-THEN
Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason
Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.
G1211
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: DAY
Translations: now, indeed, then, already, certainly, truly, come, go to
Notes: This word is an indeclinable particle used to give emphasis, urgency, or to mark a transition in discourse. It can express a sense of 'now' or 'already', or it can be used to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on' or 'go to'. It often adds a sense of immediacy or certainty to a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΓΕ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to emphasize or urge.
G4374
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pro-feh-ROH-meh-non
Translations: being brought forward, being put forward, being offered, being uttered, being spoken, being produced
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being brought forward' or 'being put forth'. It describes something that is currently being presented, offered, or spoken. It can be used to describe an accusation being brought against someone, words being uttered, or something being produced or presented for consideration.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΑΡΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nohn
Translations: of some, of certain, of any, of some one, of a certain one
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis), meaning 'some,' 'any,' or 'certain.' It is used to refer to an unspecified number of people or things, often implying an unknown or unmentioned group. It can be translated as 'of some,' 'of certain ones,' or 'of any.'
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΝΙΩΝ, ΤΙΝΕΣ
G1458
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ENG-klee-mah
Translations: accusation, a charge, a complaint, a crime, charge, complaint, crime
Notes: This word refers to a formal accusation or charge, often in a legal context. It can also denote the crime or offense itself that is being charged. It is used to describe the act of bringing a complaint against someone or the wrongdoing that is the subject of such a complaint.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΙΑ, ΑΙΤΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἐγκαλέω (enkaleō), meaning 'to call in, to accuse, to bring a charge against', which is itself formed from the prefix ἐν (en, 'in, on') and καλέω (kaleō, 'to call').
G2537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kai-NOHN
Translations: new, of new, of new things, of new people
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'new' or 'fresh'. It refers to something that is recently made, different from what was before, or of a different kind. It is often used to describe things that are novel or unprecedented. In this inflected form, it is used to describe the genitive plural, indicating 'of new things' or 'of new people'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is believed to be derived from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'new'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-REH-tas
Translations: finders, inventors, discoverers
Notes: This word refers to individuals who find, invent, or discover something. It is used to describe someone who originates or brings something new into existence, such as a new art, skill, or idea. In the provided context, it refers to men who are inventors of arts or distinguished by wisdom.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΦΕΥΡΕΤΗΣ, ΚΤΙΣΤΗΣ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gohn
Translations: of works, of deeds, of actions, of tasks
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or tasks. It is often used in a broad sense to describe anything that is done or produced, whether good or bad. It can refer to physical labor, moral conduct, or the results of an activity.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gohn
Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines
Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AHN-dras
Translations: men, a man, husbands, a husband
Notes: This word refers to adult males, men, or husbands. It is often used in contrast to women or children, or to denote a person of authority or maturity. It can also refer to a human being in general, but typically emphasizes the male gender.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΡΣΗΝ
G3930
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-as-KHEIN
Translations: to provide, to grant, to give, to supply, to afford, to present
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to grant'. It is used to express the action of giving or supplying something, often in a context where a benefit or resource is being made available. It can be used with a dative object indicating to whom something is provided, and an accusative object indicating what is provided.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ
Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its original sense is 'to hold out' or 'to offer'.
G1782
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: en-TEF-then
Translations: from here, hence, thence, from this place, from this time, from that time, from this point
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or sequence. It means 'from this place' or 'from this time/point onward'. It can be used to denote physical departure from a location or a logical progression from a previous statement or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ, ΕΝΘΑΔΕ
Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the demonstrative stem 'τεῦθεν', indicating origin or direction from a place.
G4819
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soom-BE-bee-ken
Translations: it has happened, it has come to pass, it has occurred, it has resulted, it has turned out, it has befallen
Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb 'symbainō'. It describes an event or outcome that has already taken place or come to pass. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it happens' or 'it occurs', and can refer to something that has resulted from a previous action or circumstance.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-loy
Translations: others, some others, different ones
Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: may-DEH-nee
Translations: to no one, to nothing, for no one, for nothing, by no one, by nothing, with no one, with nothing, in no one, in nothing
Notes: This word is an indefinite negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. It is often used in prohibitions or to state that something is not done by anyone or to anything. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, and as an adjective, it modifies a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē, 'not') and ΕΙΣ (heis, 'one').
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝΙ
G3966
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-tree-OHN
Translations: of ancestral, of traditional, of hereditary, of fathers, of ancestors
Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is derived from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to things that are ancestral, traditional, or hereditary, often in the context of customs, laws, or beliefs passed down through generations. It is used to indicate a connection to the past or to one's heritage.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΩΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙΩΝ
G1701
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-MEH-neen
Translations: to abide in, to remain in, to continue in, to persevere in, to stand fast in, to adhere to
Notes: This verb means to remain or continue in a place, state, or relationship. It often implies steadfastness, perseverance, or adherence to something, such as laws, covenants, or beliefs. It can be used to describe someone who sticks to their principles or remains faithful.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-LON
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, right, fitting, a good thing, a beautiful thing
Notes: ΚΑΛΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ. It describes something as good, beautiful, noble, excellent, or fitting. It can refer to moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or practical suitability. It is often used to describe what is morally right or advantageous, or something that is beneficial.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3543
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: noh-MEE-zoo-see
Translations: they think, they suppose, they believe, they consider, they practice, they observe
Notes: This word means to think, suppose, believe, or consider something to be true or customary. It can also refer to the practice or observance of a custom or law. It is used to describe what a group of people generally hold as an opinion or custom.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ
G5111
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tol-MOH-see
Translations: they dare, they presume, they venture, they are bold
Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to dare," "to be bold," or "to presume." It describes the act of having the courage or audacity to do something, often implying a degree of boldness or even recklessness. It is used when a group of people undertakes an action with confidence or impudence.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ
G3845
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-BAH-ee-nayn
Translations: to transgress, to violate, to go beyond, to step over
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'παραβαίνω'. It means to step over or go beyond a boundary, rule, or command. It is often used in the context of breaking a law or commandment, indicating a transgression or violation. For example, one might 'παραβαίνειν' the law.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word 'παραβαίνω' is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, by, beyond', and 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to step beside' or 'to step beyond'.
G3122
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-lis-TA
Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'
Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'
G4678
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-fee-AS
Translations: of wisdom, of skill, of cleverness
Notes: This word refers to wisdom, skill, or cleverness. It is often used in a religious or philosophical context to denote divine or human insight and understanding. It can also refer to practical skill or expertise in a craft or art. In a sentence, it would typically follow a noun or verb that it modifies, indicating possession or the object of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΕΩΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΕΩΣ, ΦΡΟΝΗΣΕΩΣ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: day-NOH-tee-tah
Translations: cleverness, skill, ability, terribleness, formidableness, a cleverness, a skill
Notes: This word is a feminine noun referring to the quality of being 'deinos'. It can mean cleverness, skill, or ability, often implying a formidable or impressive quality in these areas. It can also refer to terribleness or formidableness, indicating something awe-inspiring or dreadful. It is used to describe a characteristic or attribute of a person or thing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΕΜΠΕΙΡΙΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ
G3140
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mar-too-ROO-sin
Translations: they testify, they bear witness, they give evidence
Notes: This word means to bear witness, to testify, or to give evidence. It is used to describe the act of providing testimony or confirmation about a fact, event, or truth. It implies a declaration based on personal knowledge or observation, often in a legal or formal context, but also in a general sense of affirming something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G3588, G1727
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: too-NAN-tee-on
Translations: on the contrary, the opposite, a contrary thing
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the definite article 'ΤΟ' (the) and the adjective 'ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ' (opposite, contrary). It functions as an adverbial phrase meaning 'on the contrary' or 'on the other hand', or as a noun meaning 'the opposite' or 'a contrary thing'. It is used to introduce a contrasting idea or to refer to the opposing side of something.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (from the crasis of the definite article ΤΟ and the adjective ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ)
Synonyms: ἈΛΛΑ, ἈΝΤΙ
G3392
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mee-AH-n
Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain
Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ
Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.
G5428
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: froh-NEE-sin
Translations: prudence, understanding, wisdom, insight, a prudence, an understanding, a wisdom, an insight
Notes: This word refers to practical wisdom, prudence, or understanding. It denotes the ability to make sound judgments and act wisely in practical matters, often implying a thoughtful and discerning mind. It is used to describe the faculty of understanding and the exercise of good sense.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
G0703
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Ah-reh-TEN
Translations: virtue, excellence, moral excellence, goodness, a virtue, an excellence
Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, goodness, or virtue. It can also denote any kind of excellence, quality, or inherent power. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the quality or virtue being acted upon or referred to.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ
G5274
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-peh-ee-LAH-fah-men
Translations: we have supposed, we have assumed, we have taken up, we have understood, we have conceived
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὙΠΟ (HYPO, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (LAMBANO, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). The word means to take up, to receive, to assume, to suppose, or to understand. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past with continuing relevance to the present, often expressing a settled opinion or understanding.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G3654
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-lohs
Translations: wholly, entirely, altogether, at all, completely
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'wholly,' 'entirely,' or 'altogether,' indicating completeness or totality. It can also be used in negative contexts to mean 'at all.' For example, it might be used to say 'not at all' or 'completely not'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣ
G5227
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoo-pen-AN-tee-on
Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, an opposite thing, a contrary thing
Notes: This word describes something that is opposite, contrary, or hostile. It is used to indicate something that stands in opposition to another thing or person, or that acts in a hostile manner. It can refer to physical opposition or a state of antagonism.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
G3383
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: MAY-teh
Translations: neither, nor
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a series, meaning 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It emphasizes the exclusion of all listed possibilities.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ, ΟΥΤΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the enclitic particle ΤΕ (te), which means 'and'. It is used to connect negative clauses.
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PRAX-ai
Translations: to do, to accomplish, to perform, to practice, to act
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. It indicates an action that is completed or viewed as a whole, without emphasis on its duration. It is often used to express the purpose or result of an action, or as a complement to another verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ
G1271
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-no-ay-THAY-nye
Translations: to understand, to consider, to perceive, to think through, to comprehend
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, 'through') and νοέω (noeō, 'to perceive, to think'). It means to think through something thoroughly, to understand it completely, or to consider it deeply. It is used to describe the mental process of grasping a concept or forming a judgment.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΝΟΕΩ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEES
Translations: of beginning, of rule, of origin, of first place, of first principle, of chief, of ruler
Notes: This word refers to a beginning, origin, or the first in a series. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or a ruler. In a sentence, it often indicates the source or starting point of something, or the person/thing in charge. It is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἀρχή'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G3550
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: noh-moh-theh-teh-THEY-seen
Translations: having been legislated, having been enacted, having been given law, to those who have been legislated, to those who have been enacted, to those who have been given law
Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'νομοθετέω' (nomotheteō), meaning 'to legislate' or 'to enact laws'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes something that has already undergone the action of being legislated or having laws enacted upon it. In its dative plural form, it refers to 'to those who have been legislated' or 'to those upon whom laws have been enacted'. It is used to indicate the recipients or beneficiaries of a legislative act.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΕΣΠΙΣΘΕΙΣΙΝ, ΚΑΘΙΕΡΩΘΕΙΣΙΝ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-per
Translations: the very thing which, which, whatsoever, as, just as
Notes: ΟΠΕΡ is an intensive relative pronoun, meaning 'the very thing which' or 'whatsoever'. It is used to emphasize the preceding noun or idea, often functioning as a stronger form of 'which' or 'what'. It can introduce a clause that specifies or elaborates on something already mentioned, or it can indicate a cause or reason.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: Ο, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ
Etymology: ΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'who, which, what', and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis or intensity, often translated as 'just, even, indeed'.
G1503
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ee-ko-TOS
Translations: rightly, reasonably, justly, naturally, probably, with good reason
Notes: This adverb means 'rightly' or 'reasonably', indicating that something is done with good cause or is to be expected. It is used to express that an action or statement is fitting, proper, or logical given the circumstances.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΣ, ΟΡΘΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-ee
Translations: may be, might be, let it be, would be
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb "to be" (εἰμί). It is used to express possibility, a wish, or a potential action, often translated as "may be" or "might be." It can also be used in indirect questions or to express a command or exhortation, similar to "let it be."
Inflection: Subjunctive, Aorist, 3rd Person, Singular
G5039
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tek-MEH-ree-on
Translations: proof, evidence, sign, a proof, an evidence
Notes: This word refers to a sure sign or a conclusive proof, something that provides undeniable evidence. It is used to denote a definitive indication or demonstration of a fact or truth. For example, one might present 'tekmerion' to support an argument or to show that something is true.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb τεκμαίρομαι (tekmairomai), meaning 'to fix a limit, determine, judge,' which is related to τέκμαρ (tekmar), meaning 'a fixed mark, goal, or sign.' The word thus conveys the idea of something that serves as a definitive marker or indicator.
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: kal-LEE-stah
Translations: best, most beautifully, most excellently, finest, most noble, most good
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'καλός' (kalos), meaning 'good' or 'beautiful'. As an adverb, it means 'best' or 'most beautifully', indicating the highest degree of quality or manner. As an adjective, it means 'finest' or 'most excellent'. It can be used to describe something that is superior in quality, appearance, or moral character.
Inflection: Superlative, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Superlative (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΑ, ΑΡΙΣΤΩΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: The word 'καλός' (kalos), from which 'καλλίστα' is derived, comes from an ancient root meaning 'to call' or 'to summon', evolving to mean 'beautiful' or 'good' in a general sense, often implying that which is pleasing or admirable.
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-mon
Translations: law, a law, rule, principle
Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: teh-THEH-nai
Translations: to be placed, to be laid, to be set, to be put, to be appointed, to be established
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. As a passive infinitive, it means 'to have been placed' or 'to be placed'. It describes an action that has been completed and whose result is ongoing, from the perspective of the subject receiving the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as something being laid down, set in place, or appointed.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΤΕΤΑΧΘΑΙ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: EKH-on-tah
Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, the one having
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun that 'has' something, or adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed (e.g., 'while having'). In the provided examples, it describes things that 'do not have' a leader, trees 'having' branches, and 'the one having' all power.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pon
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, a custom, fashion, a fashion
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or custom in which something is done. It describes the method or style of an action or event. For example, it can be used to say 'in this way' or 'after the manner of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ, ΕΘΟΣ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G3986
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEI-rai
Translations: trials, tests, attempts, a trial, a test, an attempt, to a trial, to a test, to an attempt
Notes: This word refers to a trial, test, or attempt. It can denote an experience that puts one's character or faith to the test, or simply an effort to do something. It is often used in contexts of proving or examining something or someone.
Inflection: Nominative Plural, Vocative Plural, or Dative Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ, ΕΞΕΤΑΣΙΣ
G1189
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEH-oh-meh-nah
Translations: needing, needing, begging, entreating, asking, praying, lacking, being in want, being in need
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'needing' or 'being in need'. It describes something or someone that is currently in a state of requiring or lacking something, or actively begging/entreating. It can be used to describe a situation where resources are insufficient or a person is making a humble request.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΜΕΝΑ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΟΜΕΝΑ
G1357
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-or-THOH-seh-ohs
Translations: of correction, of reformation, of amendment, of setting straight
Notes: This word refers to the act of setting something straight, correcting an error, or bringing about a reformation or improvement. It implies a process of rectification or adjustment to achieve a proper state. It is used to describe the act of making right what was wrong, or improving what was deficient.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΝΟΡΘΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΟΡΘΩΜΑ
G1651
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LENG-khoo-sin
Translations: they convict, they reprove, they expose, they rebuke, they refute
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to convict, to reprove, to expose, to rebuke, or to refute. It is used to describe the act of bringing someone to a realization of their fault or error, often through argument or evidence. It can also mean to show someone their true character or to correct them.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΩ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΧΩ
Etymology: The word ἔλεγχος (elenchos), from which this verb is derived, is related to the idea of a test or proof. It comes from an ancient root meaning to put to the test or to examine.
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