Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Against Apion / Book One / Chapter 20Book One, Chapter 20
Interlinear version from Josephus' Against Apion (Beta)
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G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G2478
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: his-TO-ray-ken
Translations: he has inquired, he has learned, he has narrated, he has recorded, he has written history
Notes: This word means to inquire, to learn by inquiry, or to narrate and record historical events. It describes the action of someone who has investigated and then presented information, often in a written form like a historical account. It is used when referring to someone who has completed the act of researching and documenting.
Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G4280
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-ee-REE-may-noo
Translations: of the aforementioned, of the aforesaid, of the previously mentioned, of the previously said
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said beforehand' or 'previously mentioned'. It is used to refer to something or someone that has already been spoken about or referred to earlier in the text or conversation. It functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a person or thing that was 'the one previously mentioned'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΛΕΓΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΙΡΗΜΕΝΟΥ
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohs
Translations: (of) a king, (of) king
Notes: This word refers to a monarch or sovereign ruler. It is used to denote the leader of a kingdom or nation. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to a king' or 'from a king'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: POL-lah
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G5154
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral
Sounds like: TREE-tay
Translations: third, a third, the third
Notes: This word is an ordinal number meaning 'third'. It is used to indicate position in a sequence, such as 'the third day' or 'the third person'. It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun, and agrees with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΤΟΣ (tritos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *trei- meaning 'three'.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-bloh
Translations: (to) a book, (to) a scroll, (to) a volume, (to) a record
Notes: This word refers to a book, scroll, or any written document. It is used to denote a collection of writings, often in the form of a roll or scroll in ancient times. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or location of an action, such as 'in the book' or 'according to the book'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΗ, ΔΕΛΤΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G5465
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: khal-DAI-kohn
Translations: (of) the Chaldaeans, Chaldaean
Notes: This word refers to something belonging to or originating from the Chaldaeans, an ancient people who inhabited Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. It is often used to describe their land, culture, or, as in this form, the people themselves. In this genitive plural form, it typically means 'of the Chaldaeans'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Etymology: The word Χαλδαῖος (Chaldaean) is derived from the Hebrew word Kasdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), which refers to the Chaldeans, an ancient Semitic people.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G3415
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEM-feh-tai
Translations: blames, finds fault, complains
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to blame,' 'to find fault with,' or 'to complain.' It is often used to describe someone expressing disapproval or criticism towards another person or situation. For example, one might say 'he blames' or 'she finds fault.'
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1676
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hel-lay-nee-KOYS
Translations: to Greek, for Greek, to Hellenic, for Hellenic
Notes: This word describes something as being Greek or Hellenic, referring to the culture, language, or people of Greece. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating that something is given to, for, or pertains to multiple Greek entities, such as Greek people, Greek customs, or the Greek language.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
G4863
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soong-grah-FEH-seen
Translations: to writers, for writers, with writers, by writers
Notes: This word refers to writers, authors, or historians. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action (to/for writers) or the instrument/agent (with/by writers). It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'γράφω' (to write).
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΓΡΑΦΟΣ, ΙΣΤΟΡΙΚΟΣ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G3155
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-teen
Translations: in vain, without cause, for nothing, uselessly, to no purpose
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in vain' or 'to no purpose'. It describes an action or effort that yields no positive result or is done without a valid reason. It can be used to emphasize the futility or pointlessness of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΕΝΩΣ, ΕΙΚΗ
Etymology: From an obsolete root meaning 'to be foolish' or 'to be empty'. It signifies a state of emptiness or futility.
G3633
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: OY-oh-meh-noys
Translations: thinking, supposing, imagining, believing, considering, expecting
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to think' or 'to suppose'. It describes someone who is in the act of thinking, supposing, or believing something. It is often used to indicate an opinion or an expectation held by a person or group.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: seh-mee-RAH-meh-ohs
Translations: of Semiramis
Notes: This word refers to Semiramis, a legendary queen of Assyria, often associated with the city of Babylon. The word is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Semiramis' or 'from Semiramis'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G0782
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ass-soo-REE-ass
Translations: of Assyria
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Assyria'. Assyria was an ancient kingdom and empire in Mesopotamia, known for its powerful military and significant influence in the Near East. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of Assyria' or 'the land of Assyria'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'Assyria' comes from the Akkadian 'Aššur', which was the name of the ancient city and its chief deity. It was adopted into Greek as 'Ἀσσυρία'.
G2936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ktis-THAY-nai
Translations: to be created, to be founded, to be built, to be established
Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive of the verb κτίζω, meaning 'to create' or 'to found'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to be created' or 'to be founded'. It indicates an action that is completed (aorist) and done to the subject (passive). It can be used in various constructions where the action of creation or establishment is the focus, and the subject is the recipient of that action.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΙΔΡΥΩ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'settling' or 'establishing'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G0897
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nah
Translations: Babylon
Notes: This word refers to the ancient city of Babylon, a major city in Mesopotamia, known for its historical significance and its role in biblical narratives. It is often used in contexts describing travel to or actions directed towards the city.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G2298
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: thav-ma-SEE-ah
Translations: wonderful, marvelous, amazing, a wonder, marvelous things, wonders
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'wonderful' or 'marvelous'. When used in the neuter plural, as in the examples, it often functions as a noun meaning 'wonders' or 'marvelous things'. It describes something that causes astonishment or admiration due to its extraordinary nature.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ΕΚΠΛΗΞΙΣ
G2680
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-vah-STHAY-nai
Translations: to be prepared, to be built, to be made ready, to be constructed, to be furnished, to be made
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to be prepared,' 'to be built,' or 'to be made ready.' It is often used to describe the construction of buildings, the preparation of a place, or the furnishing of something. It implies a thorough and complete process of making something ready for a specific purpose. It is formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to,' and the verb 'σκευάζω' (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready.'
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEEN
Translations: her, it, herself
Notes: This is a third-person personal pronoun, specifically the feminine, singular, accusative form of 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It is used to refer to a feminine noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. It can be translated as 'her' or 'it' (when referring to a feminine object), and sometimes reflexively as 'herself' or 'itself'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness
Translations: of that, of her
Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gah
Translations: works, deeds, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or things done. It can encompass both good and bad deeds depending on the context, describing the outcome or result of an effort. It is often used to describe the actions of people or God.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ, ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ
G5579
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PSEV-dohs
Translations: falsely, wrongly, untruly
Notes: This word means 'falsely' or 'untruly'. It is used to describe an action or statement that is not in accordance with the truth, indicating deception or error. For example, one might 'speak falsely' or 'accuse falsely'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΩΣ, ΑΝΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ψεύδω (pseudō), meaning 'to lie' or 'to deceive'.
G1125
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-GRAH-foh-see
Translations: they have written, they wrote
Notes: This is a verb in the perfect active indicative tense, third person plural. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present, or simply a past action with emphasis on its completion. It means 'they have written' or 'they wrote'.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΡΑΨΑΝ, ΠΕΠΟΙΗΚΑΣΙΝ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G5466
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khal-DAI-ohn
Translations: of the Chaldeans
Notes: This word refers to the Chaldeans, an ancient people who inhabited Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. They were known for their wisdom, particularly in astrology and divination. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of the Chaldeans' or 'the land of the Chaldeans'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΔΑΙΟΣ (Chaldaios) is derived from the Hebrew word Kasdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), which refers to the inhabitants of Chaldea. It entered Greek through various ancient contacts.
G0332
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-grah-FANE
Translations: registration, a registration, record, a record, list, a list, enrollment, an enrollment, description, a description
Notes: This word refers to the act of writing down or recording something, such as a list, register, or description. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It is used to denote a formal or official record or enrollment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΗ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ, ΓΡΑΦΗ
G0530
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ax-ee-OH-pis-ton
Translations: trustworthy, reliable, credible, authentic, a trustworthy, a reliable
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'worthy of belief' or 'trustworthy'. It describes something or someone that can be relied upon, is credible, or is deserving of trust. It is often used to describe statements, accounts, or individuals whose testimony is considered reliable. For example, a trustworthy report or a credible witness.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: This is a compound word formed from two Greek words: ἈΞΙΟΣ (AXIOS), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving', and ΠΙΣΤΟΣ (PISTOS), meaning 'faithful' or 'trustworthy'.
G2233
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-gay-TEH-on
Translations: it is to be considered, one must consider, to be thought, to be esteemed
Notes: This word is a verbal adjective (gerundive) derived from the verb 'to lead' or 'to consider'. It expresses necessity or obligation, meaning 'it must be considered' or 'one ought to consider'. It functions like an impersonal verb, indicating that something is to be regarded or esteemed in a certain way.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Verbal Adjective
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΣΤΕΟΝ, ΚΡΙΤΕΟΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3376, G3378
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: MAYN
Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly
Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.
Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ
Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G2532, G0302
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: KAN
Translations: even if, although, and if, even though, if, though
Notes: ΚἈΝ is a compound word, formed by the contraction of the conjunction ΚΑΙ (and, also, even) and the particle ἈΝ (a conditional or potential particle). It is used to introduce a conditional clause, often with a concessive sense, meaning 'even if' or 'although'. It can also simply mean 'and if' or 'if' in certain contexts, indicating a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙΠΕΡ
G0754
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEI-ois
Translations: (to) archives, (to) public records, (to) public offices
Notes: This word refers to public records, archives, or the public offices where such records are kept. It is used to indicate a location or a collection of documents, often in the context of official or historical accounts. For example, one might refer to information found 'in the archives'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, authority', referring to the place where the ruling authorities kept their records.
G5403
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foy-nee-KOHN
Translations: (of) palm trees, (of) palm branches, (of) Phoenicians, (of) purple
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΦΟΙΝΙΞ'. It can refer to palm trees or palm branches, often associated with victory or celebration. It can also refer to the Phoenician people, or to the color purple, which was famously produced in Phoenicia.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΩΝ, ΦΟΙΝΙΚΕΣ
G4859
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: soom-FOH-nah
Translations: in agreement, harmoniously, according to, agreeable, consistent, suitable
Notes: This word describes something that is in agreement, harmonious, or consistent with something else. As an adjective, it means 'agreeable' or 'suitable'. As an adverb, it means 'harmoniously' or 'in agreement with', often followed by a dative case to indicate what it is in agreement with. It can also mean 'according to' or 'in conformity with'.
Inflection: Neuter Plural Nominative or Accusative (as adjective), or Adverbial Accusative Neuter Plural
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΦΩΝΟΣ, ΕΥΑΡΜΟΣΤΟΣ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΥΜΕΝΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟΣ is a compound word derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΦΩΝΗ (phōnē), meaning 'sound' or 'voice'. Thus, it literally means 'sounding together' or 'harmonious'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bee-ROH-soo
Translations: of Berossus
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Berossus' (Βηρωσός). Berossus was a Hellenistic-era Babylonian writer, a Chaldean priest of Bel-Marduk, who wrote in Greek. His work, 'Babyloniaca', is a history of Babylonia. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Berossus' means something belonging to or related to Berossus.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Berossus' is a Greek rendering of a Babylonian name, likely 'Bēl-rē'ûšu' meaning 'Bel is his shepherd' or 'Bēl-ušēzib' meaning 'Bel has saved'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-go-MEH-noys
Translations: spoken, said, told, things spoken, things said, things told
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to something that is being said or spoken. In context, it often functions as a substantive, meaning 'the things being said' or 'those who are being spoken of'. It describes actions or words that are currently in the process of being uttered or communicated.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Dative
Synonyms: ΡΗΘΕΙΣΙΝ, ΕΙΡΗΜΕΝΟΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΛΕΓΩ (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to gather, collect, pick out', which evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say' in Greek, implying the gathering of words.
G0325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-geh-GRAHP-tai
Translations: it has been written, it has been recorded, it is written, it is recorded
Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'anagrapho'. It means 'it has been written' or 'it has been recorded'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present, emphasizing the state of being written or recorded. It is often used to refer to something that is found in written documents or scriptures.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΠΤΑΙ, ΕΓΓΕΓΡΑΠΤΑΙ
G0897
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nee-ohn
Translations: of Babylonians, of the Babylonians
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the inhabitants of Babylon. It is used to describe something belonging to or associated with the people from the city of Babylon. For example, it could refer to the king of the Babylonians or the land of the Babylonians.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ah
Translations: Syria
Notes: This word refers to the geographical region of Syria, an ancient country in the Middle East. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'Syria' is of ancient origin, derived from the Greek name for the region. It is believed to be related to Assyria, though the exact etymological connection is debated.
G5403
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: foy-NEE-kane
Translations: Phoenicia
Notes: This word refers to Phoenicia, an ancient civilization located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the geographical region or the country itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3956
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PAH-sahn
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the entire quantity or extent of something is being referred to. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'all the people' or 'the whole city'.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos
Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').
G2694
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-STREHP-sah-toh
Translations: overthrow, destroy, subdue, turn over, turn upside down, turn back
Notes: This word describes the act of turning something over, overturning, or bringing it to ruin. It can also mean to conquer or subdue, especially in a military or political context, implying the complete defeat or subjugation of an enemy or territory. In the provided context, it refers to subduing or conquering nations.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: goon
Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate
Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).
G4856
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soom-foh-NEH-ee
Translations: agrees, harmonizes, is in accord, is consistent
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to agree, to be in harmony, or to be consistent with something or someone. It implies a state of accord or concurrence, often used when one statement, person, or thing matches or is not contradictory to another. For example, 'His testimony agrees with the facts.'
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun ΦΩΝΗ (PHŌNĒ), meaning 'sound' or 'voice'. Thus, it literally means 'to sound together' or 'to be in accord with a sound', which evolved into the meaning of agreement or harmony.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: fee-LOS-trah-tos
Translations: Philostratus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a person named Philostratus. It is a compound word derived from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'dear, beloved, friend', and 'στρατός' (stratos), meaning 'army, host'. Thus, the name literally means 'friend of the army' or 'lover of the army'. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Φιλόστρατος (Philostratus) is of Greek origin, formed from the elements φίλος (philos, 'dear, beloved, friend') and στρατός (stratos, 'army, host'). It was a common name in ancient Greece and Rome, borne by several notable figures, including a family of sophists and rhetoricians.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2477
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: his-to-REE-ais
Translations: histories, accounts, narratives, inquiries, investigations
Notes: This word refers to a narrative of past events, an account, or a story. It can also denote an inquiry or investigation, reflecting its original meaning of learning by inquiry. In the provided examples, it is used in the context of written historical accounts or narratives.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΑΦΗΓΗΣΙΣ
G3403
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mem-NEE-may-nos
Translations: remembering, having remembered, mindful, having been reminded
Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle, meaning 'remembering' or 'having remembered'. It describes someone who is in a state of having recalled something or being mindful of it. It can also imply 'having been reminded'. It is often used to introduce a clause that explains what is being remembered.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Middle/Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩΝ, ΕΝΘΥΜΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ
G5184
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: TOO-roo
Translations: Tyre, of Tyre
Notes: Tyre is a famous ancient Phoenician city, located on the coast of modern-day Lebanon. It was known for its maritime trade and purple dye. In the provided context, 'ΤΥΡΟΥ' is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of Tyre' or 'belonging to Tyre'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Tyre' comes from the Phoenician word 'Ṣūr', meaning 'rock', referring to the rocky formation on which the city was built.
G4147
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poh-lee-or-KEE-as
Translations: of a siege, of a blockade
Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation where an army surrounds a place to cut off supplies and force its surrender. In the provided context, it refers to the duration or process of a siege.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΙΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound derived from the Greek words πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure', referring to the act of enclosing a city.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: meh-gas-THEH-nays
Translations: Megasthenes
Notes: Megasthenes was an ancient Greek historian, diplomat, and ethnographer, primarily known for his work Indica, which described India. He served as an ambassador of Seleucus I Nicator to the court of Chandragupta Maurya in Pataliputra, India. His writings provide valuable insights into ancient Indian society and geography.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Megasthenes is of Greek origin, derived from 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great', and 'σθένος' (sthenos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it means 'great strength' or 'great power'.
G5067
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral
Sounds like: teh-TAR-tee
Translations: fourth, a fourth, the fourth
Notes: This word is an ordinal number meaning 'fourth'. It is used to indicate position in a sequence, such as 'the fourth day' or 'the fourth kingdom'. It functions like an adjective, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative; also Dative Singular
Etymology: From τέσσαρες (tessares), meaning 'four'.
G2462
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: in-dee-KON
Translations: of Indian, Indian
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Indian' or 'belonging to India'. It describes something or someone as originating from or related to India. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive plural, likely referring to 'Indian (affairs)' or 'Indian (books/writings)', such as Megasthenes' work titled 'Indica'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: HAYS
Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what
Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G0661
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-FAH-ee-nayn
Translations: to show forth, to declare, to make known, to reveal, to demonstrate, to prove, to point out, to display
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb φαίνω (phainō, 'to shine, to appear, to show'). It means to show forth, declare, or make known something that was previously hidden or unclear. It can be used to demonstrate or prove a point, or to reveal something publicly.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΕΙ͂ΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΊΝΩ, ΔΗΛΌΩ
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and φαίνω (phainō, 'to shine, to appear'). The combination suggests making something appear or become visible from a hidden state.
G3985, G3989
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: pei-RAH-tai
Translations: he tries, he attempts, he tests, he makes trial of, pirates, a pirate
Notes: This word can function as a verb or a noun. As a verb, it is the third person singular present middle/passive indicative form of 'peiraō', meaning 'he/she/it tries, attempts, or tests'. It describes an action of making an effort or putting something to the test. As a noun, it is the nominative or vocative plural of 'peiratēs', meaning 'pirates'. It refers to individuals who engage in piracy.
Inflection: Verb: Singular, 3rd Person, Present, Middle or Passive, Indicative; Noun: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G4280
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: pro-ee-REE-may-non
Translations: aforementioned, aforesaid, previously mentioned, that which has been said before, the aforementioned thing
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'that which has been said before' or 'the aforementioned'. It functions adjectivally to describe something that has already been mentioned or spoken about. It is often used to refer back to a person, place, or thing that was previously introduced in the text.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΝ
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah
Translations: king, a king
Notes: This word refers to a king, monarch, or ruler. It is used to denote the sovereign head of a state or people. In its accusative form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G2265
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: heh-RAH-kleh-oos
Translations: of Heracles
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Heracles', referring to the famous hero of Greek mythology, known for his strength and twelve labors. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the labors of Heracles' or 'the son of Heracles'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0406
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DREH-yah
Translations: courage, bravery, manliness, valor, a courage, a bravery, a manliness, a valor
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being manly, brave, or courageous. It denotes the virtue of fortitude and valor, often associated with masculine strength and determination. It can be used to describe someone's inherent bravery or a specific act of courage.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΑΡΕΤΗ
Etymology: The word ἈΝΔΡΕΙΑ is derived from the Greek word ΑΝΗΡ (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'male person'. It originally referred to the qualities associated with a man, such as strength and courage, and evolved to specifically mean 'manliness' or 'bravery'.
G3172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEG-eh-thee
Translations: (by) size, (by) greatness, (by) magnitude, (by) extent
Notes: This word refers to the physical or abstract dimension of something, indicating its size, greatness, or magnitude. It is often used to describe the extent or measure of an object or concept. In the provided examples, it describes the 'size' or 'greatness' of a 'braxionos' (arm/power).
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΣ
G4234
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAX-eh-ohn
Translations: (of) deeds, (of) acts, (of) actions, (of) practices
Notes: This word refers to actions, deeds, or practices. It is often used to describe significant or notable actions, such as the acts of apostles or the deeds of a person. It can also refer to the practical application of something, or a course of action.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ
G1308
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-nay-NOH-kheh-nai
Translations: to have differed, to have excelled, to have surpassed, to have been better, to have been superior
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'διαφέρω' (diapherō). It means 'to have differed,' 'to have excelled,' or 'to have surpassed.' It describes a state of having been distinct or superior in some way. For example, it could be used to say 'to have been better than others' or 'to have been different from the rest.'
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word διαφέρω (diapherō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry.' Together, they convey the sense of 'carrying through' or 'carrying apart,' leading to meanings of differing, excelling, or being superior.
G2694
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-STREP-sah-sthai
Translations: to overthrow, to destroy, to subdue, to bring to an end, to ruin, to devastate, to turn upside down, to put an end to, to accomplish, to finish
Notes: ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΨΑΣΘΑΙ is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (to turn). In the active voice, it means 'to overthrow' or 'to destroy'. In the middle voice, as here, it often implies performing the action for oneself or with a personal interest, thus 'to overthrow for oneself', 'to subdue for oneself', or 'to bring to an end for oneself'. It can be used to describe the destruction of cities, the subjugation of enemies, or the completion of tasks.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ is derived from the prefix ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (to turn). It signifies turning something down or over, leading to its overthrow or destruction.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEE-see
Translations: he says, she says, it says
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone or something is saying in the present tense. For example, 'he says that...' or 'it says in the book...'.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
G3012
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: li-BY-ays
Translations: of Libya
Notes: This word refers to Libya, a country in North Africa. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of Libya' or 'belonging to Libya'. It is used to specify a location or origin in relation to something else.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Latin Libya, from Ancient Greek Λιβύη (Libúē), referring to the region of North Africa west of Egypt, and later to the continent of Africa itself.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LEEN
Translations: much, a lot of, great, many, a great deal, abundant
Notes: This word describes a large quantity, amount, or degree of something. It is used to indicate that there is a significant number or measure of the noun it modifies. It can be translated as 'much,' 'many,' 'great,' or 'abundant,' depending on the context. For example, it can refer to a great crowd, much money, or abundant grace.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ
G2476
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-bay-REE-ahn
Translations: Iberia
Notes: This word refers to Iberia, a historical geographical region. In ancient times, it could refer to the Iberian Peninsula (modern-day Spain and Portugal) or to a region in the Caucasus (modern-day Georgia). The context of the usage would determine which region is meant. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-oo
Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples
Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.
G4280
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: pro-ee-REE-may-nah
Translations: aforementioned, before-mentioned, previously said, what has been said before, the things previously said
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said beforehand' or 'previously mentioned'. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'ἐρῶ' (erō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to refer to things, statements, or events that have already been spoken about or referred to earlier in the text or conversation.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΑ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ
G2414
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys
Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem
Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.
Inflection: Dative, Plural
Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).
G2618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tep-REES-thay
Translations: it was burned down, it was consumed by fire, it was set on fire
Notes: This is a verb in the aorist passive indicative, third person singular. It means 'it was burned down' or 'it was consumed by fire'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the burning action. The word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb πίμπρημι (pimprāmi), meaning 'to burn'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΚΑΥΘΗ, ΕΝΕΠΡΗΣΘΗ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb πίμπρημι (pimprāmi), which means 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. The root πίμπρημι is related to πρήθω (prēthō), also meaning 'to burn'.
G1962
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-strat-yoo-SAN-ton
Translations: of those who marched against, of those who campaigned against, of those who attacked
Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine participle of the verb 'epistrateuō', meaning 'to march against', 'to campaign against', or 'to attack'. It describes a group of people who have undertaken a military expedition or assault against someone or something. In a sentence, it would refer to 'those who attacked' or 'those who campaigned'.
Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'epistrateuō' is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, against) and 'strateuō' (to make war, to serve as a soldier). 'Strateuō' itself comes from 'stratos' (an army, an encampment).
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh
Translations: began, started
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G0456
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-noy-koh-doh-MEH-sthai
Translations: to rebuild, to build up again, to restore
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ανα' (again, up) and 'οικοδομεω' (to build). It means to build again, to restore, or to reconstruct something that has been damaged or destroyed. It can refer to physical structures like buildings or cities, but also metaphorically to restoring a person or community.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb οἰκοδομέω (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build a house' or 'to build'. The latter part comes from οἶκος (oikos), 'house', and δέμω (demō), 'to build'.
G2954
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KOO-roo
Translations: of Cyrus
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Cyrus'. It refers to Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, who was king of Persia. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'of Cyrus' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0773
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-SEE-as
Translations: of Asia
Notes: This word refers to Asia, specifically the Roman province of Asia in the New Testament, which covered the western part of modern-day Turkey. It can also refer to the continent of Asia more broadly. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of Asia' or 'those from Asia'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Latin Asia, from Greek Asia, likely from an Anatolian language, possibly referring to the land of the Assuwa confederation.
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-ahn
Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, reign, kingship, royal power, dominion
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, a realm ruled by a king, or the act of reigning and exercising royal power. It can describe a physical territory or the abstract concept of royal authority and dominion. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G3880
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: par-ay-lee-PHO-tos
Translations: of having received, of having taken over, of having taken along, of having inherited
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning "of having received" or "of having taken over." It describes someone who has completed the action of receiving or taking something. It is often used to refer to traditions, teachings, or responsibilities that have been handed down or accepted.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΥ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G4680
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SAH-fohs
Translations: clearly, plainly, distinctly, evidently, certainly
Notes: This word is an adverb that describes an action or state as being done or existing in a clear, plain, or distinct manner. It emphasizes the lack of ambiguity or obscurity in something. It can be used to indicate that something is easily understood or perceived.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΩΣ, ΕΝΑΡΓΩΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ
G1925
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-deekh-THEE-seh-tai
Translations: will be shown, will be displayed, will be exhibited, will be demonstrated
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to show upon,' 'to display,' 'to exhibit,' or 'to demonstrate.' It implies making something visible or evident, often with an emphasis on the act of pointing out or presenting. It is used to describe an action that will occur in the future, where the subject of the verb will be the recipient of the action of being shown or displayed.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ
G3908
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-te-THEN-ton
Translations: of having been set before, of having been placed beside, of having been presented, of having been committed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'paratithēmi', which means to set before, place beside, present, or commit. As a genitive plural participle, it describes something that has been placed or committed, often referring to things or people that have been presented for consideration, entrusted, or laid out. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΘΕΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word παρατίθημι (paratithēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G5154
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: TREE-tays
Translations: third, of the third
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'third'. It is used to indicate the ordinal position in a sequence, such as 'the third day' or 'the third hour'. In the genitive case, as seen in 'ΤΡΙΤΗΣ', it often translates to 'of the third' or simply 'third' when modifying a noun that is understood, such as 'until the third (day)'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΤΟΣ (tritos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'three'.
G3478
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: nah-boh-koh-droh-SO-ross
Translations: Nebuchadnezzar
Notes: This is the name of Nebuchadnezzar II, the most famous king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, who reigned from approximately 605 BC to 562 BC. He is known for his military campaigns, including the destruction of Jerusalem and the Babylonian captivity of the Jews, as well as for his extensive building projects in Babylon, such as the Hanging Gardens.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Ναβουχοδονόσορ (Nabouchodonosor) in Greek, from which Ναβοκοδροσορος is a variant, is derived from the Akkadian name Nabu-kudurri-usur, meaning 'Nabu, protect my firstborn son' or 'Nabu, protect the boundary stone'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ar-XAS-thai
Translations: to begin, to start, to rule, to lead
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the verb 'ἄρχω'. In this form, it primarily means 'to begin' or 'to start'. It can be used in a sentence to express the action of commencing something, often following another verb or preposition. The root verb 'ἄρχω' can also mean 'to rule' or 'to lead', but the aorist infinitive 'ἀρξάσθαι' typically refers to the initiation of an action.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἄρχω comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, to rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEI-khoos
Translations: of a wall, of a city wall, of a fortification
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive structure like a city wall or a fortification. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to a wall, such as 'the strength of a wall' or 'the top of a wall'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΙΣΜΑ
G1706
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-PEH-sohn
Translations: falling into, having fallen into, rushing upon, attacking, encountering, happening upon
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐμπίπτω' (empiptō), meaning 'to fall into' or 'to fall upon'. It describes an action of entering into a state, place, or situation, often suddenly or forcefully. It can also imply encountering or attacking someone or something. For example, it might be used to describe someone falling into a pit, or a person rushing upon an enemy.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΙΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0732
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-ROH-stee-an
Translations: sickness, illness, disease, a sickness, an illness, a disease
Notes: This word refers to a state of physical weakness, infirmity, or illness. It is used to describe a condition of being unwell or suffering from a disease. It can be used in sentences like 'He suffered from a great sickness' or 'The disease spread quickly.'
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΟΣΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ
G3337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-TEL-lak-seh
Translations: changed, exchanged, altered, died, passed away
Notes: This word is a verb that means to change, exchange, or alter something. In a specific context, particularly when referring to a person's life or existence, it can be used as a euphemism for dying or passing away. It describes the act of transitioning from one state to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with, among, after, or denoting change', and the verb ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ (allasso), meaning 'to change, alter'.
G0979
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-on
Translations: life, a life, livelihood, a livelihood, property, a property
Notes: This word refers to life, especially in its physical sense, or the means by which one lives, such as one's livelihood or property. It can describe the duration of life, the manner of life, or the resources needed for life. In the provided examples, it is used to refer to one's entire life or the means of life.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΨΥΧΗ
G0936
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: beh-ba-see-LEH-koce
Translations: having reigned, having become king, having ruled
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having reigned' or 'having become king'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results. It is used to indicate someone who has already taken on the role of a king or ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tee
Translations: years
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, commonly known as a year. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple years, often in contexts describing duration or age.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙ, ΚΑΙΡΟΙ
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: MEE-gah
Translations: 43
Notes: This is a numeral in Koine Greek, representing the number 43. The letters Μ (Mu) and Γ (Gamma) are used in a system where letters also serve as numbers. The keraia (΄) at the end indicates that the preceding letters are to be interpreted as a number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek numeral system uses letters of the alphabet to represent numbers. Μ (Mu) represents 40, and Γ (Gamma) represents 3. The keraia (΄) is a diacritical mark used to denote that the preceding letters are numbers.
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ee-ahs
Translations: of a kingdom, of a kingship, of a reign, of a royal power, of a realm, of a royal dominion, of a royal rule
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, kingship, or royal power. It describes the domain or authority of a king, or the act of reigning. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-yoo-EEL-mah-rah-DOO-khos
Translations: Eueilmaradouchos
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a name or title, possibly of foreign origin or a very rare compound. It is not a standard Koine Greek word found in common lexicons. Given its context in the provided example usage (following 'Ναβοκοδρόσορος' - Nebuchadnezzar), it could be a name or a descriptive title associated with a person or entity, perhaps a variant or a very specific, obscure term. It is highly probable that this is a very rare or unique proper noun, or potentially a garbled or misspelled word.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: This word is not found in standard Koine Greek lexicons, and its etymology is unclear. It appears to be a proper noun, possibly of non-Greek origin or a highly unusual compound word.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G4399
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-TAS
Translations: leader, chief, ruler, protector, patron, a leader, a chief, a ruler, a protector, a patron
Notes: This word refers to a person who stands before others, acting as a leader, chief, or ruler. It can also denote someone who provides protection or patronage. It implies a position of authority and responsibility over a group or situation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΣ
Etymology: From the verb προΐστημι (proïstēmi), meaning 'to set before, to preside over, to protect'. It combines πρό (pro, 'before') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand').
G4229
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAG-mah-ton
Translations: of things, of matters, of deeds, of affairs, of business, of facts, of objects, of circumstances
Notes: This word refers to things, matters, deeds, or affairs. It is often used in a general sense to denote a situation, an event, or a concrete object. It can also refer to business or legal matters. In the provided examples, it refers to 'evil things' or 'matters' in a general sense.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ
G0459
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-NO-mohs
Translations: lawlessly, without law, unlawfully
Notes: This word describes an action or state of being that is contrary to law, custom, or divine will. It signifies acting without regard for established rules or principles, often implying a state of moral or legal transgression. It can be used to describe someone living or acting in a way that is not subject to or obedient to the law.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΘΕΤΩΣ, ἈΤΑΚΤΩΣ
G0766
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-SEL-gohs
Translations: wantonly, licentiously, sensually, shamelessly, outrageously, dissolutely
Notes: This word describes actions performed in a wanton, licentious, or dissolute manner. It implies a lack of moral restraint, often with a sense of shamelessness or disregard for decency. It is used to qualify verbs, indicating how an action is carried out.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΚΟΛΑΣΤΩΣ, ἈΣΩΤΩΣ
G1902
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEH-thees
Translations: having been plotted against, having been conspired against, having been ambushed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epibouleuō', meaning 'to plot against' or 'to conspire against'. As a passive participle, 'epibouleutheis' describes someone who has been the victim of a plot, conspiracy, or ambush. It indicates that an action of malicious planning or scheming has been carried out against the subject.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word 'epibouleuō' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, against) and the verb 'bouleuō' (to take counsel, to plan). Thus, it literally means 'to plan against' or 'to counsel against'.
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FEN
Translations: sister, a sister
Notes: This word refers to a female sibling. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is used to denote a biological sister, or metaphorically, a fellow believer or a close female companion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ἀδελφή (adelphē) is derived from ἀδελφός (adelphos), which is a compound of the copulative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'together' or 'same') and δελφύς (delphys, 'womb'). Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EH-khon-tos
Translations: of having, of possessing, of holding, of being, of having a, of possessing a, of holding a, of being a
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or being. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a characteristic of something, similar to 'of one who has' or 'of that which has'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: neh-ree-glih-SAH-roo
Translations: Neriglissar, of Neriglissar
Notes: This word refers to Neriglissar, a king of Babylon. It is a proper noun, specifically the name of a historical figure. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, meaning 'of Neriglissar' or 'by Neriglissar'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: This is a transliteration of an Akkadian name, Nabû-apla-uṣur, which means 'Nabu, protect the heir'. It entered Greek through Aramaic or Persian.
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nee-REH-thay
Translations: was killed, was destroyed, was taken away, was put to death
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). It means 'he/she/it was killed,' 'he/she/it was destroyed,' or 'he/she/it was taken away.' It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize.' In context, it often refers to the violent death or destruction of a person or thing.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Passive Voice
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound of the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize.' Its meaning evolved from 'to take up' to 'to take away' and eventually 'to destroy' or 'to kill.'
G0936
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo-sas
Translations: having reigned, having become king, having ruled
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating a completed action in the past. It describes someone who has reigned, become king, or ruled. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the subject's past action of reigning.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΣΑΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΑΣ
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Symbol
Sounds like: BEE-tah
Translations: 2, two
Notes: This symbol represents the number two (2) in the Koine Greek numeral system. The single prime mark (keraia) at the end indicates that the letter is being used as a numeral rather than a letter in a word. It is equivalent to the English numeral '2'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-re-THEH-nah-ee
Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'anaireō'. It generally means 'to take up' or 'to take away'. In many contexts, especially when referring to people, it takes on the meaning of 'to destroy' or 'to kill', often implying execution or putting someone to death. It can be used to describe the act of ending a life or removing something completely.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again, back') + αἱρέω (hairéō, 'to take, seize'). The combination implies taking something up or away.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G1243
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-deh-KSAH-meh-nos
Translations: having succeeded, having taken over, having followed, having received in succession
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαδέχομαι', meaning 'to succeed, to take over, to follow in succession'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is related to the main verb of the sentence. It often implies taking over a position, office, or responsibility from someone else.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ
Etymology: The word διαδέχομαι (diadechomai) is a compound verb formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. The combination suggests receiving something in succession or passing through a line of succession.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHAIN
Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, ruler, a ruler, authority, an authority, domain, a domain, first, the first
Notes: This word refers to the starting point of something, such as a beginning in time or a foundational principle. It can also denote a position of power or authority, or the person holding such a position, like a ruler or leader. It is often used to describe the origin or initial state of things.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G1902
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEH-oo-sas
Translations: having plotted against, having conspired against, having formed a design against, having laid a plot against
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epibouleuō', meaning to plot against, conspire, or form a design against someone. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb in a sentence. It indicates that the subject has engaged in a hostile or malicious scheme.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: neh-ree-GLEE-sah-ross
Translations: Neriglissar
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically the name of a Babylonian king who reigned in the 6th century BC. It is a transliteration of an Akkadian name into Koine Greek. In the provided context, it refers to a specific historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: This name is a Greek transliteration of the Akkadian name 'Nergal-sharezer', meaning 'Nergal, protect the king'. Nergal was a Mesopotamian deity.
G0936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-bah-see-LEH-oo-sen
Translations: he reigned, he ruled, he became king
Notes: This word describes the action of reigning, ruling, or becoming a king. It is commonly used in historical or narrative contexts to indicate that a person took on or exercised royal authority over a territory or people.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: four
Notes: This is the Greek letter Delta (Δ) followed by a keraia (΄), which is a symbol used in ancient Greek to denote a number. In this case, Δ΄ represents the cardinal number four. It functions similarly to how Roman numerals are used in English, indicating a quantity.
Inflection: Cardinal number, does not inflect for gender, case, or number in this form.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: lah-boh-soh-RAR-doh-khos
Translations: Labosorardochos, Labashi-Marduk
Notes: This is a proper noun, likely referring to a historical figure, specifically a king. It is the Greek transliteration of the Babylonian name Labashi-Marduk, who was a king of Babylon. The word itself does not inflect in the typical Greek manner as it is a foreign name.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: This word is a Greek transliteration of the Akkadian name Labashi-Marduk, meaning 'Marduk is my strength' or 'Marduk is my protector'. It is not a native Greek word.
G2961
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-koo-ree-YEV-seh
Translations: he ruled, she ruled, it ruled, he had dominion, she had dominion, it had dominion, he became master of, she became master of, it became master of
Notes: This word means to rule, to have dominion over, or to become master of something or someone. It describes an action of taking control or exercising authority. It is used in the past tense, indicating that the action of ruling or taking dominion has already occurred.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΔΕΣΠΟΖΩ
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAIS
Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave
Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G3376, G3403
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Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun
Sounds like: MAY-nas
Translations: month, a month, Manasseh
Notes: This word can refer to a 'month,' which is a period of time, typically one of the twelve divisions of the year. It can also be a proper noun, 'Manasseh,' referring to a specific person, such as a king of Judah or a tribe of Israel. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΗΝ, ΜΑΝΑΣΣΗΣ
Etymology: The word for 'month' (ΜΗΝΑΣ) comes from an ancient root referring to the moon, as months were originally lunar cycles. The proper noun 'Manasseh' (ΜΗΝΑΣ) is a transliteration of a Hebrew name, meaning 'causing to forget'.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: THAY-tah
Translations: nine
Notes: This is the Greek letter Theta (Θ). When followed by a keraia (΄), as it is here, it functions as a numeral. In this specific form, Θ΄ represents the number 9. It is commonly used in ancient Greek texts to denote quantities, such as years or other numerical values.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The letter Theta (Θ) is derived from the Phoenician letter ṭēt. It is the eighth letter of the Greek alphabet.
G1718
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-fah-NEE-n
Translations: to show, to display, to reveal, to make manifest, to declare, to indicate
Notes: This word means to show, display, or make something evident or clear. It implies bringing something into public view or making it known, often through actions or words. It can be used to describe the act of revealing information, demonstrating a quality, or making something visible.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ἈΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐμφαίνω (emphainō), from ἐν (en, 'in') + φαίνω (phainō, 'to show, to appear'). It literally means 'to show in' or 'to make appear in'.
G2559
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-ko-AY-thay
Translations: malicious, evil-minded, malignant, mischievous, ill-natured, malicious things, evil-minded things
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is malicious, ill-natured, or evil-minded. It is a compound word formed from ΚΑΚΟΣ (bad, evil) and ΗΘΟΣ (custom, character, disposition). It refers to a disposition or character that is inherently bad or prone to evil. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or people.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LON
Translations: of friends, friends
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of friends' or simply 'friends' when the context implies possession or association. For example, 'the house of friends' or 'among friends'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G5180
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-too-pah-NEE-sthee
Translations: was beaten to death, was clubbed to death, was tortured to death, was executed by beating
Notes: This word describes a severe form of execution or torture involving beating, often with clubs or sticks, leading to death. It implies a brutal and violent end. The word is in the aorist passive indicative, meaning the action happened in the past and the subject received the action.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek τύμπανον (túmpanon, "drum, club") + -ίζω (-ízō, verb-forming suffix). The original meaning was to beat a drum, which evolved to beating someone with a club, and then to torturing or executing by beating.
G0622
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-po-lo-MEH-noo
Translations: of the one who is lost, of the one who is perishing, of the one who is destroyed, of the one who is ruined
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ἀπόλλυμι, which means to destroy, to lose, or to perish. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in a state of being lost, perishing, or destroyed. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of the one who is lost' or 'of the perishing one'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΟΛΟΜΕΝΟΥ
Etymology: The word ἀπόλλυμι is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'.
G4905
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soon-el-THON-tes
Translations: having come together, having assembled, having gathered, having met
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'συνέρχομαι' (synerchomai), meaning 'to come together' or 'to assemble'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a group of people who have gathered or met. It is often used to describe a collective action or a state resulting from a prior assembly.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΕΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G1902
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEH-oo-san-tes
Translations: plotting, conspiring, devising evil, laying a plot, forming a design against
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epibouleuō', meaning to plot against, conspire, or devise evil. It describes someone who is actively engaged in forming a malicious plan or design against another person or entity. It implies a deliberate and often treacherous intention.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'epibouleuō' is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, against) and 'bouleuō' (to counsel, plan, deliberate). Thus, it literally means 'to counsel against' or 'to plan upon'.
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: koy-NEE
Translations: common, public, shared, a common thing, a public thing, (to) common, (to) public, (to) shared
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'common,' 'public,' or 'shared.' It describes something that belongs to or is accessible by all, rather than being private or individual. It can be used to describe things, ideas, or even people who are part of a general group.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Dative
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ
G4060
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-thee-kahn
Translations: they put around, they placed around, they put on, they clothed, they bestowed
Notes: This is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb peritithēmi. It means "to put around," "to place around," or "to put on." It can be used to describe placing something physically around an object or person, such as clothing or a garland. It can also be used metaphorically to mean "to bestow" or "to confer" something upon someone.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3476
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: nah-bon-NAY-doh
Translations: Nabonnedo
Notes: Nabonnedo is a proper noun, referring to the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, also known as Nabonidus. It is used to identify this specific historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Aramaic name 'Nabonidus', which itself is derived from Akkadian 'Nabû-nāʾid', meaning 'Nabu is praised'.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nee
Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which
Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
G0900
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nos
Translations: of Babylon
Notes: This word refers to the ancient city and empire of Babylon. It is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Babylon' or 'from Babylon'. For example, 'king of Babylon'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tee
Translations: to being, to one who is, to one being, being
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes someone or something that is in a state of being or existence, often translated as 'being' or 'to one who is'. It functions to provide additional information about a noun or pronoun, indicating a concurrent state or action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TES
Translations: (of) her, her, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a form of the third-person pronoun 'autos'. It is used to refer to a singular feminine noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from the context. It indicates possession or is used after prepositions that require the genitive case. For example, it could mean 'her' (as in 'her house') or 'of her'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G1991
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-SOO-stas-eh-ose
Translations: of a conspiracy, of a tumult, of an insurrection, of a crowd, of a gathering, of pressure, of anxiety
Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly, often with a negative connotation, implying a tumultuous crowd, a conspiracy, or an insurrection. It can also denote pressure or anxiety. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (upon, over) and σύστασις (a standing together, a composition).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΧΗ
Etymology: The word ἐπισύστασις is derived from the verb ἐφίστημι (to stand upon, to set over) and the noun σύστασις (a standing together, a composition). It literally means 'a standing together upon' or 'a gathering upon'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G4215
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-TA-mon
Translations: river, a river, stream, a stream
Notes: This word refers to a river or a stream. It is used to denote a natural flowing watercourse, often larger than a brook. In the provided examples, it is used with the preposition 'προς' (pros) or 'επι' (epi) to indicate movement towards or upon a river.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΡΕΥΜΑ, ΝΑΜΑ
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEI-khee
Translations: walls, a wall
Notes: This word refers to walls, typically those of a city or fortress, providing defense or enclosure. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple walls or the collective structure of a city's defenses.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-leh-ohs
Translations: (of) a city, (of) the city, city, a city
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'town'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of a city' or 'of the city'. For example, 'the walls of the city' or 'the people of the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G3700
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: op-TAH-sace
Translations: roast, bake, broil
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to roast,' 'to bake,' or 'to broil.' It describes the action of cooking food over a fire or in an oven. It is often used in contexts related to preparing meat or fish for consumption.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΨΩ, ΤΗΓΑΝΙΖΩ
G4124
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLIN-thoo
Translations: of brick, of a brick
Notes: This word refers to a brick, a rectangular block of baked clay or other material used for building walls, houses, and other structures. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of brick' or 'made of brick'. It is commonly used in contexts describing construction materials or the composition of something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΠΛΙΝΘΟΣ (plinthos) is of pre-Greek origin, meaning 'brick' or 'tile'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to building blocks made of clay.
G0782
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-FAL-too
Translations: (of) asphalt, (of) bitumen, (of) pitch, (of) an asphalt, (of) a bitumen, (of) a pitch
Notes: This word refers to asphalt, bitumen, or pitch, which are naturally occurring sticky, black, viscous forms of petroleum. It is often used to describe the material found in tar pits or used for sealing. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of asphalt' or 'made from bitumen'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΣΑ, ΚΟΛΛΑ
Etymology: The word is of Greek origin, derived from the verb ἀσφαλίζω (asphalizo), meaning 'to make firm' or 'to secure', referring to the material's use as a sealant or binder.
G2689
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-kos-MAY-thay
Translations: was adorned, was decorated, was embellished, was arrayed
Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative third person singular form of the verb κατακοσμέω (katakosmeō), meaning 'to adorn fully' or 'to decorate thoroughly'. It describes an action where someone or something was completely and beautifully decorated or arranged. It is a compound word formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb κοσμέω (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, adorn, or decorate'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΕΩ, ΚΑΛΛΥΝΩ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΙΖΩ
Etymology: The verb κατακοσμέω (katakosmeō) is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb κοσμέω (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, adorn, or decorate'. The root κοσμέω itself comes from κόσμος (kosmos), meaning 'order, arrangement, ornament, or world'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: OO-sees
Translations: of being, being, of existence, of a being
Notes: This word is the genitive feminine singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It signifies 'of being' or 'being' in a possessive or descriptive sense, often used in genitive absolute constructions to indicate a circumstance or condition, such as 'while it was' or 'since it was'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Feminine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2033
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Part of Speech: Ordinal Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: ep-tah-keh-DEH-kah-toh
Translations: seventeenth
Notes: This word means 'seventeenth' and is an ordinal number, indicating position in a sequence. It is a compound word formed from 'ἑπτά' (hepta, meaning 'seven') and 'δέκα' (deka, meaning 'ten'), combined to form 'seventeen', and then inflected as an ordinal adjective. It is used to describe something as being the seventeenth in a series, such as 'the seventeenth year'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΕΠΤΑΚΑΙΔΕΚΑΤΟΣ is a compound of the Greek words ἑπτά (hepta, 'seven') and δέκα (deka, 'ten'), forming 'seventeen', with the suffix -τος indicating an ordinal number. It is derived from the cardinal number 'ἑπτακαίδεκα' (seventeen).
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tei
Translations: year, a year, (to) a year
Notes: This word refers to a year, a period of twelve months. It is commonly used to denote a specific year or to indicate the duration of an event, often appearing with prepositions like 'in' or 'at' to specify a time.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Etymology: The word ἔτος (etos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *wet- (year). It is related to Latin vetus (old) and English wether (a castrated ram, originally referring to an animal of a certain age).
G4281
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: proh-ex-el-ay-LOO-thohs
Translations: having gone forth, having come forth, having gone out, having come out, having proceeded
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having gone forth' or 'having come out'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still relevant in the present. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (before/forth), 'ἐκ' (out of), and 'ἔρχομαι' (to come/go). It is used to describe someone who has already departed or emerged from a place.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΗΛΥΘΩΣ, ΕΞΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΠΕΛΘΩΝ
G2959
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ross
Translations: Cyrus
Notes: This is the name of a historical Persian king, Cyrus the Great. He is known for conquering Babylon and allowing the Jewish exiles to return to Jerusalem and rebuild their temple. The name is used to refer specifically to this individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Cyrus' is of Persian origin, derived from the Old Persian 'Kūruš'. It is believed to mean 'throne' or 'sun'.
G4067
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: per-SEE-doss
Translations: of Persia
Notes: This word refers to the country of Persia. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Persia' or 'belonging to Persia'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-ohs
Translations: of power, of strength, of ability, of might, of a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, strength, or ability. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something, such as 'of power' or 'of strength'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LEES
Translations: (of) much, (of) great, (of) many, (of) a great (amount)
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much', 'many', or 'great'. It is used to describe the quantity or extent of something. For example, it can refer to a large amount of something or a great number of people. It is often used in phrases like 'with much peace' or 'of great supply'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G2694
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-STREF-sah-meh-nos
Translations: having overthrown, having destroyed, having subverted, having turned over, having put an end to, having brought to an end, having brought to ruin
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, meaning to overthrow, destroy, or bring to an end. As a participle, it describes an action completed by the subject, often translated as 'having overthrown' or 'having destroyed'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (to turn). It implies a complete turning over or overturning, leading to destruction or ruin.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Participle
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: loy-PEEN
Translations: the rest, the remaining, the other, the others, the remainder
Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining. It is often used to indicate the rest of a group or quantity, or the remaining part of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting like a noun) meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'λοιπός' (loipos) comes from the verb 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'. It is related to the concept of something being left behind or remaining.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ohr-MEH-sen
Translations: rushed, hurried, launched, impelled, charged
Notes: This word describes a sudden, forceful movement, often implying a strong impulse or a rapid advance. It is used to indicate that someone or something moved quickly and decisively, often with a specific goal or direction in mind, such as rushing into battle or launching a ship.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΠΗΔΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΧΩ
G0897
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nee-ahs
Translations: of Babylonia, of Babylon
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the land or region of Babylonia, or more broadly, the city of Babylon itself. It is used to indicate origin or possession, often translated as 'of Babylonia' or 'of Babylon'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0143
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ahee-STHOH-meh-nos
Translations: perceiving, understanding, realizing, noticing, becoming aware, having perceived, having understood
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἰσθάνομαι', meaning 'to perceive' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes an action that is either ongoing or completed by the subject of the main verb. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action, such as 'when he perceived' or 'because he understood'.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: nah-bon-NAY-doss
Translations: Nabonnedos, Nabonidus
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. He reigned from 556 to 539 BC. The name is often transliterated as Nabonnedos in Greek texts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Nabonnedos is the Greek transliteration of the Akkadian name Nabû-naʾid, meaning 'Nabu is praised' or 'Nabu is exalted'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-fo-don
Translations: attack, assault, approach, a visit, an incursion, a going to
Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'ὁδός' (way, road). It refers to a going to or an approach, often with the connotation of an attack or assault, especially in a military context. It can also mean a visit or an incursion. It is used to describe the act of moving towards something or someone, often with a specific purpose.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΕΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ, ΕΠΙΔΡΟΜΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔφοδος (ephodos), from ἐπί (epi, “upon, to”) + ὁδός (hodos, “way, road”).
G5221
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pan-TAY-sas
Translations: meeting, having met, encountering, having encountered, going to meet, coming to meet
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having met' or 'having encountered'. It describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to describe someone going out to meet another person or group, or encountering an obstacle or situation.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΥΠΑΝΤΑΩ
G3900
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pa-ra-TAK-sa-me-nos
Translations: having drawn up, having arrayed, having lined up, having arranged, having set in battle array
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρατάσσω', meaning 'to draw up in battle array' or 'to arrange troops'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating a completed action that precedes the main verb. It is a compound word, formed from 'παρά' (beside, alongside) and 'τάσσω' (to arrange, to order).
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΤΑΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ
G2274
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: het-tay-THEYS
Translations: having been defeated, having been overcome, having been vanquished, having been worsted
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hettaomai', meaning 'to be defeated' or 'to be overcome'. It describes someone or something that has experienced defeat or has been conquered. It is often used to indicate the state or condition of a subject after a battle, contest, or struggle, implying a passive experience of being overcome by an opposing force or influence.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗΘΕΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΒΛΗΘΕΙΣ
G3163
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MA-khee
Translations: battle, fight, conflict, a battle, a fight, a conflict
Notes: This word refers to a physical combat or a struggle, often involving a clash of opposing forces. It can describe a literal battle or a more general conflict or dispute. It is used to denote an engagement between individuals or groups.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power, to fight'. It is related to words signifying strength or combat.
G5343
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: FY-gohn
Translations: fleeing, having fled, escaping, having escaped
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'φεύγω' (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates someone who is in the act of fleeing or has completed the act of fleeing.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ
G3642
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-li-GOS-tos
Translations: smallest, least, fewest, a smallest, a least, a fewest
Notes: This word is a superlative adjective meaning 'smallest in number or degree' or 'least'. It is used to describe something that is the absolute minimum or the very smallest among a group. For example, it can refer to the smallest quantity, the least significant person, or the fewest in number.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This word is a superlative adjective and can inflect for all genders, numbers, and cases.
Synonyms: ἘΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ
G4788
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ek-LEYS-thay
Translations: was shut up, was enclosed, was confined, was imprisoned
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'συγκλείω' (sygkleiō). It means 'to be shut up together,' 'to be enclosed,' 'to be confined,' or 'to be imprisoned.' It describes an action that happened in the past, where someone or something was brought into a state of being shut in or restricted, often implying a complete or decisive action.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΕΙΩ, ΦΥΛΑΚΙΖΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bor-SIP-pee-non
Translations: of Borsippa, of the Borsippans
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Borsippa, an ancient city located southwest of Babylon in Mesopotamia. The word is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, meaning 'of Borsippa' or 'of the people of Borsippa'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Borsippa' is of Akkadian origin, referring to an ancient city in Mesopotamia. It was a significant religious center, particularly for the worship of the god Nabu.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G2638
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOH-meh-nos
Translations: having seized, having grasped, having overtaken, having comprehended, having understood, having found, having laid hold of
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'καταλαμβάνω' (katalambanō). It describes an action that has been completed by the subject. It can mean to seize, grasp, or take possession of something, often with force or determination. It can also mean to overtake someone or something, or to comprehend and understand a concept. In a sentence, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has performed the action of seizing, understanding, or overtaking.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G4369
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: soon-TAKS-as
Translations: having arranged, having ordered, having drawn up, having appointed, having commanded, having composed
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΣΥΝΤΑΣΣΩ (syntassō), which means to arrange, to order, to draw up (especially troops), to appoint, or to compose (a writing). As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, functioning adjectivally or adverbially. For example, it could describe someone who 'having arranged' something, then proceeded to do something else.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G1854
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EX-oh
Translations: outside, out, without, abroad
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.
G2690
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-SKAP-sai
Translations: to demolish, to raze, to overthrow, to destroy, to dig down
Notes: This word means to completely destroy or level something, often by digging it down or undermining its foundations. It is typically used in the context of razing cities, walls, or buildings to the ground, implying a thorough and destructive act.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΞΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΩ
Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down') and σκάπτω (skaptō, 'to dig'). It literally means 'to dig down'.
G3029
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: LEE-ahn
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely
Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: prahg-mah-tee-KEEN
Translations: practical, effective, a practical, an effective
Notes: This word describes something that is practical, effective, or related to actions and affairs. It refers to that which is concerned with actual facts and experience rather than theoretical or abstract ideas. It can be used to describe a person, a method, or a solution.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: doo-sah-LOH-ton
Translations: hard to capture, impregnable, difficult to take, a hard-to-capture thing
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'hard to capture' or 'impregnable'. It is used to describe places, structures, or even people that are difficult to overcome or conquer. It combines the prefix 'δυσ-' (dys-), meaning 'difficult' or 'bad', with 'ἁλωτός' (halōtos), meaning 'capturable' or 'vulnerable'. Thus, it literally means 'difficult to be captured'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΜΑΧΟΝ, ΑΝΕΠΙΒΑΤΟΝ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'difficult' or 'bad', and the adjective ΑΛΩΤΟΣ (halōtos), meaning 'capturable' or 'vulnerable', which comes from the verb ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai), 'to be captured'.
G5316
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-NAY-nai
Translations: to appear, to be seen, to shine, to become visible
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'phainō', meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear'. It describes an action of becoming visible or being made manifest. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, indicating that something is to appear or be seen.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΦΑΝΗΝΑΙ, ΔΗΛΟΥΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'phainō' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to shine' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of light or appearance.
G328
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nez-EVK-sen
Translations: he set out, he departed, he marched away
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναζεύγνυμι (anazeugnymi). It is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up, back') and ζεύγνυμι (zeugnymi, 'to yoke, to join'). It means to unyoke, to set out, or to depart, often in the context of a journey or military movement. It describes the action of someone breaking camp or beginning a march.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀναζεύγνυμι is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and ζεύγνυμι (zeugnymi), meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join'. The combination implies unyoking or breaking a connection, leading to the sense of setting out or departing.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bor-SIP-pohn
Translations: Borsippa
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Borsippa, an important ancient city of Sumer, built on both sides of a lake about 17.7 kilometers (11 miles) southwest of Babylon on the Euphrates. It is known for its ziggurat, the 'Tower of Babel' in some traditions. As a proper noun, it functions as the name of a specific place.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Borsippa' is of Akkadian origin, derived from 'Barsip' or 'Barzipa'. It was an ancient city in Mesopotamia, closely associated with Babylon.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-pol-yor-KAY-son
Translations: to besiege, to capture by siege, to take by siege, to make war upon
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἐκ- (ek-), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πολιορκέω (poliorcheō), meaning 'to besiege'. Therefore, it means 'to besiege out' or 'to capture by siege'. It describes the action of surrounding a city or fortress with armed forces to compel its surrender, often with the implication of successfully taking it.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Nah-bon-NAY-don
Translations: Nabonnidus
Notes: This is the name of Nabonnidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. It is used to refer to this specific historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Nabonnidus is derived from Akkadian 'Nabu-naʾid', meaning 'Nabu is praised'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.
G3478
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: nah-bon-NEE-dhoo
Translations: of Nabonnidus, Nabonnidus'
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Nabonnidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. The word is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Nabonnidus' or 'Nabonnidus''.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Nabonnidus is a Greek transliteration of the Akkadian name Nabu-na'id, meaning 'Nabu is praised' or 'Nabu is exalted'. Nabu was the Babylonian god of wisdom and writing.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G5278
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-nan-tos
Translations: of enduring, of remaining, of persevering, of waiting, of suffering patiently, of bearing up, of abiding
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'hypomeno'. It describes someone or something that has endured, remained, persevered, or waited patiently. It is often used to indicate the subject of a genitive absolute construction, meaning 'when he/it had endured' or 'after he/it had remained'.
Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΝΩ
G4145
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-lee-OR-kee-an
Translations: siege, a siege, besieging, blockading
Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation of surrounding a place to cut off supplies and force its surrender. It is often used in contexts of warfare and military strategy.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G1468
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: eng-khei-RI-san-tos
Translations: (of) handing over, (of) entrusting, (of) delivering, (of) committing
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb ἐγχειρίζω (en-khei-RI-zoh). The verb means 'to hand over,' 'to entrust,' 'to deliver,' or 'to commit' something to someone. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the subject of a genitive absolute construction, meaning 'of one who handed over' or 'when one had handed over'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same
Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural
G4387
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron
Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing
Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)
Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G5530
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-meh-nos
Translations: using, having used, employing, having employed, dealing with, having dealt with
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates someone who is 'using' or 'having used' something, or 'employing' or 'having employed' a method or resource. It can also imply 'dealing with' or 'having dealt with' a situation or person.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The word χράομαι (chraomai) comes from an earlier form χράω (chraō), meaning 'to furnish what is needful'. It is related to χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', suggesting the idea of handling or dealing with something.
G5364
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: fee-lan-THROH-pohs
Translations: humanely, kindly, benevolently, courteously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'humanely' or 'kindly'. It describes an action performed with a benevolent or philanthropic disposition, showing kindness and goodwill towards others. It is often used to describe how someone acts towards another person, emphasizing compassion and a gentle nature.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of the adjective ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ)
Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΚΩΣ, ΕΥΜΕΝΩΣ, ΕΠΙΕΙΚΩΣ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: DOOS
Translations: giving, having given, a giver, one who gives
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to give'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of giving, or has already given. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man giving the gift' or 'he spoke, giving a warning'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G3613
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-kee-TAY-ree-on
Translations: dwelling, a dwelling, habitation, a habitation, abode, a place of abode, house, a house
Notes: This word refers to a place where one lives or dwells, such as a house, a dwelling, or a habitation. It is used to describe a permanent or temporary residence. It can be used in a general sense to refer to any place of living.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', which itself comes from οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house'. The suffix -τήριον (-tērion) indicates a place or instrument.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kar-ma-NEE-an
Translations: Carmania, to Carmania
Notes: Carmania was an ancient region located in what is now southeastern Iran, bordering Gedrosia to the east and Persis to the west. It is often mentioned in historical texts concerning the campaigns of Alexander the Great and subsequent Hellenistic empires. This form of the word indicates it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition implying motion towards.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Carmania' is of ancient Persian origin, referring to the region inhabited by the Carmanians. It was known to the ancient Greeks and Romans.
G1603
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-EP-emp-sen
Translations: he sent out, he sent forth, he dispatched
Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something out or away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a dispatch or commission. It is typically used in the past tense to indicate that the action has already occurred.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word ἐκπέμπω (ekpempō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send out'.
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: LOY-pon
Translations: remaining, the rest, the remainder, other, finally, henceforth, for the rest
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'other', a noun meaning 'the rest' or 'the remainder', or an adverb meaning 'finally', 'henceforth', or 'for the rest'. As an adjective, it describes what is left over. As a noun, it refers to the remaining portion or people. As an adverb, it introduces a concluding thought or indicates a future time.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-noo
Translations: (of) time, time
Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-geh-NO-meh-nos
Translations: having passed through, having elapsed, having gone by, having intervened, having come to pass
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαγίνομαι' (diaginomai), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to elapse'. It describes an action that has already occurred or a period of time that has gone by. It is often used to indicate the completion of a process or the passage of time, such as 'after a certain time had passed' or 'when something had come to pass'.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΛΘΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KEE-nee
Translations: that, that one, she
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something distant in space or time, or to refer to something previously mentioned. It functions similarly to the English word 'that' and can modify a noun or stand alone as a pronoun.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ
G5561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHO-rah
Translations: country, a country, land, a land, region, a region, place, a place, field, a field
Notes: This word refers to a geographical area, territory, or a specific plot of land. It can denote a large region, a specific country, or even a cultivated field. It is used to describe the physical space or territory associated with a people or a ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the concept of 'space' or 'place'.
G2692
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-STREP-seh
Translations: destroyed, overthrew, ruined, subverted
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to overthrow, destroy, ruin, or subvert. It describes the act of bringing something to an end, often violently or completely. It is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word καταστρέφω (katastrephō) is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. It literally means 'to turn down' or 'to turn over', evolving to signify destruction or overthrow.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PRO-ton
Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place
Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G0537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PAN-tohn
Translations: (of) all, (of) everyone, (of) everything
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΠΑΣ' (apas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, a prefix indicating totality or completeness) and 'πας' (pas, meaning 'all' or 'every'). As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship for multiple entities, often translated as 'of all' or 'concerning all'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound of the intensive prefix ἀ- (a-) and the word πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The prefix ἀ- intensifies the meaning of 'all' to 'the whole' or 'everyone without exception'.
G2298
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: thow-mas-TEN
Translations: wonderful, marvelous, amazing, a wonderful, a marvelous, an amazing
Notes: This word describes something that is wonderful, marvelous, or amazing, often inspiring awe or admiration. It is used to qualify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses these qualities. For example, it could describe a wonderful deed or a marvelous sight.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΚΤΙΚΟΣ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΙΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΞΟΣ
G3671
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-moh-NOY-ahn
Translations: harmony, concord, agreement, unity, a harmony, a concord, an agreement, a unity
Notes: This word refers to a state of agreement, unity, or harmony among people. It describes a shared mindset or purpose, often implying a peaceful and cooperative relationship. It is used to describe the state of being of one mind or having a common understanding.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ, ΕΝΟΤΗΣ, ΟΜΟΨΥΧΙΑ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G1716
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-peh-POY-ee-ken
Translations: has caused, has produced, has made, has effected
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to cause', 'to produce', or 'to effect'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results in the present. It is often used to indicate that something has been brought into existence or has resulted from a previous action.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἐμποιέω (empoieō) is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb ποιέω (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. Thus, it literally means 'to make in' or 'to do in', leading to the sense of causing or producing something within or among others.
G3392
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mee-AH-n
Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain
Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ
Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-ayn
Translations: to have, to hold, to possess, to be able, to keep, to get
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It is used to express possession, a state of being, or ability. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun, serving as the subject or object of another verb, or it can complete the meaning of another verb.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOK-san
Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, dignity, reputation
Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation or dignity. It is often used in contexts of divine manifestation or human recognition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0979
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bee-OH
Translations: live, pass one's life, spend one's life
Notes: This word means to live, to pass one's life, or to spend one's life. It refers to the act of existing and conducting one's life. It is often used to describe the duration or manner of one's existence.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Subjunctive; or First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative (rare); or a component in compound words related to life.
Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΖΩΟΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: From the noun βίος (bios), meaning 'life'. The verb βιόω is derived from this noun, indicating the act of living.
G1485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-the-see
Translations: (to) customs, (by) customs, (with) customs, (to) habits, (by) habits, (with) habits, (to) manners, (by) manners, (with) manners
Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or manner of living or acting. It describes established practices or traditions within a community or among individuals. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating 'by customs' or 'according to customs'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ἔθος (ethos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *swedʰ- meaning 'custom, habit'. It is related to words signifying 'one's own' or 'peculiar to oneself'.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-lone
Translations: of one another, of each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.
G1308
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-FEH-rin
Translations: to differ, to excel, to carry through, to be better, to be of more value, to be distinct
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb διαφέρω (diapherō). It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to carry through', 'to differ', 'to be distinct', 'to excel', or 'to be of more value'. For example, it can be used to say that one thing differs from another, or that someone excels in a particular area.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word διαφέρω (diapherō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Its meaning evolved from 'carrying through' to 'differing' or 'excelling'.
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KAL-lis-tayn
Translations: most beautiful, a most beautiful, most excellent, a most excellent, most noble, a most noble, fairest, a fairest, best, a best
Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'kalos', meaning 'beautiful' or 'good'. It describes something as being the most beautiful, excellent, or best among a group. It is used to emphasize the supreme quality of a noun, often appearing in phrases like 'the most beautiful city' or 'the best deed'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Superlative
Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ
G2239
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AY-theh-sin
Translations: customs, habits, character, dispositions, morals
Notes: This word refers to one's customs, habits, or character. It describes the established ways of behaving or thinking within a person or a group, often implying moral character or disposition. It can be used to speak of the general character of a people or the specific habits of an individual.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΡΟΠΟΙ, ΕΘΗ, ΗΘΗ
Etymology: From the root ἔθω (ethō), meaning 'to be accustomed'. It refers to a customary place or dwelling, and by extension, to custom, habit, or character.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN
Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind
Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.
G4857
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soom-foh-NEE-ah
Translations: agreement, harmony, concord, a symphony
Notes: This word refers to a state of agreement, harmony, or concord, often implying a unity of sound or opinion. It can describe the harmonious relationship between people or the agreement of ideas. It is a compound word derived from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φωνή' (sound, voice).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΝΟΙΑ, ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΟΜΟΦΩΝΙΑ
G0658
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-teh-LEH-ee
Translations: he completes, she completes, it completes, he finishes, she finishes, it finishes, he accomplishes, she accomplishes, it accomplishes, he produces, she produces, it produces, he brings to an end, she brings to an end, it brings to an end
Notes: This verb signifies the act of bringing something to completion, finishing a task, accomplishing a goal, or producing a result. It is used to describe an action that culminates in a final outcome or product.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ἘΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and τελέω (teleō, 'to complete, finish'). It literally means 'to complete from' or 'to bring to an end from'.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MO-noys
Translations: only, alone, solitary, by themselves, to them alone, to them only
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'only' or 'alone'. It is used to indicate exclusivity or singularity. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative plural, meaning 'to them alone' or 'only to them', emphasizing that the action or state applies solely to the specified group.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goos
Translations: words, sayings, accounts, messages, statements, reports
Notes: This word is the plural accusative form of 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. In this form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'words' or 'accounts' that are being acted upon. It can refer to spoken words, written accounts, or even divine pronouncements.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΕΠΗ, ΜΥΘΟΙ
G191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-koo-SEH-tai
Translations: he will hear, she will hear, it will hear, he will listen, she will listen, it will listen, he will obey, she will obey, it will obey
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear,' 'to listen,' or 'to obey.' It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or paying attention to something, often implying a response or compliance. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'He will hear the voice' or 'She will listen to the command.'
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loys
Translations: one another, each other, to one another, to each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual between two or more subjects. For example, 'they spoke to one another' or 'they loved each other'. It is always used in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G5227
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoo-pen-AN-tee-oos
Translations: adversaries, opponents, enemies
Notes: This word describes those who are in opposition or hostile. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and ἐναντίος (enantios), meaning 'opposite' or 'against'. Thus, it literally means 'over against' or 'standing opposite to'. It is used to refer to people who are hostile or adversarial.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΥΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G3697
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: oh-POY-ah
Translations: what sort of, of what kind, what kind of, such as, as
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun or adjective used to introduce a clause that describes the quality or kind of something. It means 'of what sort' or 'what kind of', indicating a characteristic or nature. It functions similarly to 'which' or 'as' when referring to a quality.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HEH-teh-roys
Translations: other, another, different, a different
Notes: This word refers to something that is 'other' or 'different' from what has been previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a distinction in kind or character, rather than just numerical difference (which would be expressed by 'ἄλλος'). It is often used to introduce a new or distinct item in a list or comparison. In the provided examples, it refers to 'other gods'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ
G5177
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: too-KHON-tone
Translations: (of) those who happen, (of) those who obtain, (of) those who meet, (of) those who fall upon, (of) ordinary people, (of) common people
Notes: ΤΥΧΟΝΤΩΝ is the genitive masculine/neuter plural participle of the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ. It describes an action of 'happening,' 'obtaining,' 'meeting,' or 'falling upon.' When used substantively, it can refer to 'those who happen' or, more broadly, 'ordinary' or 'common' people, implying a lack of distinction or special quality. It often conveys the idea of something occurring by chance or fortune.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝ, ἘΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΩΝ
G3440
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: MO-non
Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary
Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ
G4363
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pros-PEH-son
Translations: falling down, having fallen down, prostrating oneself, falling before, falling upon
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσπίπτω' (prospiptō), meaning 'to fall upon' or 'to fall down before'. It describes an action of falling, often with the implication of prostration, supplication, or reverence. It can be used to describe someone falling to the ground, or falling before another person or deity, often in an act of worship, petition, or submission.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ
G1538
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: HEK-as-toh
Translations: each, every, each one, every one, to each, to every, to each one
Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every'. It is used to refer to individual members of a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It often appears in the dative case, meaning 'to each' or 'for each', indicating distribution or assignment to individuals. For example, it can be used to say 'to each person' or 'every one of them'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΑΥΤΟΣ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-geh-tai
Translations: it is said, it is spoken, it is told, he is said, she is said, it is called
Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, passive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Therefore, 'λέγεται' translates to 'it is said' or 'it is spoken'. It indicates that something is being stated or reported by an unspecified agent, or that someone/something is being referred to or called by a certain name.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
G3804
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PA-thos
Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience
Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-see
Translations: to/for some, to/for any, to/for certain ones, to/for someone, to/for anyone
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun, meaning 'someone,' 'anyone,' 'some,' or 'any.' It refers to an unspecified person or thing. In this form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' some people or things.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All Genders
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ (tis) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an enclitic indefinite pronoun.
G5386
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-lo-SO-fone
Translations: of philosophers, to philosophers, philosophers, a philosopher
Notes: This word refers to those who love wisdom or are engaged in the pursuit of knowledge, commonly translated as 'philosophers'. It is a compound word derived from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'σοφία' (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'. The form 'ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΩΝ' is typically used to indicate possession (of philosophers) or as an indirect object (to philosophers), depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΣΤΗΣ, ΣΟΦΟΣ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ
G0000
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-teh-TOL-mee-tai
Translations: it has been dared, it has been ventured, it has been undertaken boldly
Notes: This word is a verb in the perfect passive indicative, third person singular. It means 'it has been dared' or 'it has been ventured'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and its result continues into the present, specifically an act of daring or boldness that has been carried out.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΑΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ἀποτολμάω (apotolmaō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb τολμάω (tolmaō), meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of daring or venturing forth.
G3650
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OH-len
Translations: whole, all, entire, a whole
Notes: This word means 'whole', 'all', or 'entire'. It is an adjective used to describe something as complete or undivided. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole city' or 'all the people'. In this form, it is the feminine singular accusative case, meaning it would modify a feminine singular noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G5449
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FY-sin
Translations: nature, a nature, kind, a kind, birth, a birth, natural order, a natural order, natural disposition, a natural disposition
Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or essential quality of something or someone. It can describe the natural order of things, the way something is born or comes into being, or the innate disposition of a person or animal. It is often used in contrast to things that are artificial, man-made, or contrary to the natural order.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-I-REIN
Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'again') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take' or 'to choose'). Depending on the context, it can mean to take up, to take away, to destroy, or to kill. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death or causing destruction.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goys
Translations: (to) words, (to) sayings, (to) accounts, (to) messages, (to) reasons, (to) doctrines
Notes: This word refers to words, sayings, accounts, or messages. It is the dative plural form of the noun 'logos', indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'by' or 'with' in English, depending on the context. It can refer to spoken or written words, a statement, a discourse, or even a divine utterance.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΣΙΝ, ΕΠΕΣΙΝ, ΜΥΘΟΙΣ
G2021
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-keh-khee-ree-KOH-tohn
Translations: of those who had undertaken, of those who had attempted, of those who had put their hands to
Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine participle of the verb 'epicheireō', meaning 'to put one's hand to', 'to undertake', or 'to attempt'. It describes a group of people who have previously engaged in or initiated an action. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, to) and 'cheir' (hand), literally meaning 'to lay hands upon' an endeavor.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΣΑΝΤΩΝ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΟΝΤΩΝ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-lohn
Translations: of other, of others, of another, of different
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to things or people that are distinct from those already mentioned or implied. As a genitive plural, it often translates to 'of others' or 'of other things', indicating possession or relation.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΩΝ, ΛΟΙΠΩΝ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G4307
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-NOY-an
Translations: providence, forethought, provision, a provision, care, foresight
Notes: This word refers to the act of thinking ahead, planning, or making preparations for the future. It can also denote divine foresight or care, often translated as 'providence'. In a practical sense, it signifies the provision of what is needed or the exercise of careful planning.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΛΕΨΙΣ, ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΑ
G0851
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-fai-ROO-meh-nohn
Translations: of taking away, of removing, of subtracting, of those who are taking away, of those who are being taken away
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphairéō', meaning 'to take away', 'to remove', or 'to subtract'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or in progress. In this form, it functions adjectivally or substantively, often translated as 'of those who are taking away' or 'of those who are being taken away', depending on the context and voice.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΦΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ, ἈΠΟΚΟΠΗ
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OOT
Translations: neither, nor, not
Notes: This word is a negative conjunction used to introduce a negative clause or to connect two or more negative statements. It often appears in a series, such as 'neither... nor...'. It emphasizes the complete absence or denial of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the enclitic particle τέ (te). It is used to express a strong negation, often in a series.
G2039
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-TAY-dyeh-mah-see
Translations: in pursuits, in practices, in customs, in habits, in endeavors
Notes: This word refers to a pursuit, practice, custom, or habit. It describes an activity or way of life that someone engages in regularly. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the means or sphere in which an action takes place.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΙΣ, ΠΡΑΞΕΣΙ, ΕΘΕΣΙ
G0979
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: bee-OHN
Translations: living, having lived, to live
Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'βιόω' (bioō), meaning 'to live' or 'to pass one's life'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is living or has lived, or indicating the manner of living. It can be translated as 'living' or 'having lived', depending on the context.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: op-SEH-tai
Translations: he will see, she will see, it will see
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it will see' or 'he/she/it will look'. It is a future tense form of the verb 'to see' and indicates an action that will happen in the future. It is often used to describe someone observing or perceiving something.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΒΛΈΠΩ, ΕἼΔΩ
G1313
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-foh-RAN
Translations: difference, a difference, distinction, a distinction, superiority, a superiority, excellence, an excellence
Notes: This word refers to a difference, distinction, or variation between things. It can also denote superiority or excellence. In a sentence, it would be used to describe how one thing differs from another, or to highlight the superior quality of something.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΟΛΗ, ΕΤΕΡΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the verb διαφέρω (diapherō), meaning 'to carry through, to differ, to excel'. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'.
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: KOY-nah
Translations: common, unclean, profane, shared, public, a common thing, common things
Notes: This word describes something that is common, shared, or public. In a religious context, it can also refer to something that is ritually unclean or profane, as opposed to sacred or pure. It is often used to describe things that are accessible to everyone or shared among a group. When used as a noun, it refers to 'common things' or 'things held in common'.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΑ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: The word ΚΟΙΝΟΣ (koinos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the concept of 'togetherness' or 'sharing'. It is the root from which many words related to community and commonality are derived.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goss
Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse
Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-moh
Translations: (to) law, (to) a law, (to) custom, (to) a custom, (to) principle, (to) a principle
Notes: This word refers to a law, custom, or principle. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Mosaic Law, but can also denote a general principle or rule. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action, or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΣΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
G4859
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: soom-foh-NOHN
Translations: agreeing, harmonious, in agreement, consistent, concordant, of one accord
Notes: This word describes something that is in agreement, harmonious, or consistent with something else. It is often used to describe people who are of one mind or things that fit together well. As a participle, it can function adjectivally or adverbially, indicating an action of agreeing or being in harmony. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φωνή' (sound, voice), literally meaning 'sounding together'.
Inflection: Masculine, Neuter, Genitive, Plural, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΦΩΝΟΣ, ΟΜΟΓΝΩΜΩΝ, ΟΜΟΨΥΧΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-non
Translations: that (one), him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ
Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.
G2182
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-fo-RAN
Translations: to look upon, to behold, to observe, to oversee, to supervise
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to look upon,' 'to behold,' 'to observe,' or 'to oversee.' It implies a careful or watchful gaze, often with the sense of supervision or attention to detail. It can be used in contexts where someone is watching over something or someone, or simply observing an event.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ὉΡΑΩ, ἘΠΙΣΚΟΠΕΩ
G2039
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-TAY-deoo-mah-TON
Translations: of practices, of pursuits, of customs, of habits, of deeds
Notes: This word refers to practices, pursuits, customs, or habits, often implying a course of action or a way of life. It can describe both good and bad deeds or activities. In the provided examples, it refers to the wicked practices or deeds of people.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΡΑΞΕΩΝ, ΕΘΩΝ
G1163
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Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb
Sounds like: DEH-ee
Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.
Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.
G243
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAHL-lah
Translations: the others, the rest, other things
Notes: This word is a contraction of the definite article 'τά' (the) and the adjective/pronoun 'ἄλλα' (other, different). It refers to 'the other things' or 'the rest' in a neuter plural sense. It is used to indicate the remaining items or people in a group, or things that are distinct from those already mentioned.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΛΟΙΠΑ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΑ
Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'.
G5056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEH-los
Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty
Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.
G2150
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-SEB-eh-yan
Translations: piety, godliness, devotion, a piety, a godliness
Notes: This word refers to piety, godliness, or devotion, particularly in the context of reverence towards God or the gods. It describes a proper attitude and conduct towards the divine, often encompassing moral uprightness and religious observance. It is used to describe the quality of being devout or reverent.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΕΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-nai-KOHN
Translations: of women, women
Notes: This word refers to women in general, or specifically to wives. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of women'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΗΛΕΙΑΙ, ΘΥΓΑΤΕΡΕΣ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-koo-SEE-en
Translations: they might hear, they would hear, they might listen, they would listen
Notes: This word means 'they might hear' or 'they would hear'. It is used to express a wish, a potential action, or a hypothetical situation. It describes the act of perceiving sound or paying attention.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Optative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G3610
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-KEH-tohn
Translations: of servants, of household servants, of slaves
Notes: This word refers to household servants or slaves. It is used to describe individuals who are part of a household and serve its members, often in a position of servitude or bondage. It is a compound word derived from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'ἔχω' (to have/hold), literally meaning 'one who holds the house' or 'one belonging to the house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΩΝ, ΘΕΡΑΠΟΝΤΩΝ
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