2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-drah-MOH-men

Translations: let us run upon, let us rush upon, let us attack, let us run over, let us run through

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, over, against) and the verb 'τρέχω' (to run). It means to run upon, rush against, or attack, often implying a quick or sudden movement towards something or someone. It can also mean to run over or through a place. In the given form, it is a hortatory subjunctive, suggesting an exhortation or proposal: 'let us run upon' or 'let us rush over'.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb 'τρέχω' (trecho), meaning 'to run'. The root 'τρέχω' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to run'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5386

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-lo-SO-fone

Translations: of philosophers, to philosophers, philosophers, a philosopher

Notes: This word refers to those who love wisdom or are engaged in the pursuit of knowledge, commonly translated as 'philosophers'. It is a compound word derived from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'σοφία' (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'. The form 'ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΩΝ' is typically used to indicate possession (of philosophers) or as an indirect object (to philosophers), depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΣΤΗΣ, ΣΟΦΟΣ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ

G1392

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dox-AS

Translations: having glorified, glorifying, honoring, exalting, magnifying

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δοξάζω' (doxazō), meaning 'to glorify' or 'to honor'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates someone or something that has performed the act of glorifying or honoring.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ, ΥΨΟΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ow-KHOO-see

Translations: boast, brag, claim, profess, assert

Notes: This verb means to boast, brag, or claim something, often with a sense of pride or confidence. It can also mean to profess or assert a belief or status. It is typically used to describe someone making a declaration about themselves or their possessions, often in a public or emphatic way.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΑΙΝΕΩ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to boast' or 'to vaunt'. It is related to the noun αὔχημα (boast, glory).

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-so-FEE-an

Translations: philosophy, a philosophy

Notes: This word refers to the love of wisdom or the pursuit of knowledge, especially concerning fundamental truths about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It is a compound word formed from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'σοφία' (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'. In Koine Greek, it can refer to both the general pursuit of wisdom and specific philosophical systems or schools of thought.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

G2755, G1752

Part of Speech: Adverbial Phrase

Sounds like: keh-noh-dox-EE-ahs-EH-neh-ken

Translations: on account of vainglory, for the sake of vainglory, because of vainglory

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the noun 'ΚΕΝΟΔΟΞΙΑ' (vainglory) in the genitive case and the preposition 'ΕΝΕΚΕΝ' (on account of, for the sake of). It functions as an adverbial phrase, indicating the reason or cause for something, specifically 'on account of vainglory' or 'for the sake of vainglory'. It would be used to explain why an action was taken, attributing it to a desire for empty glory.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine (for ΚΕΝΟΔΟΞΙΑ); Preposition (for ΕΝΕΚΕΝ)

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ay-doh-loh-poy-OO-san

Translations: making no idols, not making idols, not forming idols, not creating idols

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀν-' (an-, a prefix meaning 'not' or 'un-'), 'εἴδωλον' (eidōlon, meaning 'idol' or 'image'), and 'ποιέω' (poieō, meaning 'to make' or 'to do'). Therefore, the verb 'ἀνειδωλοποιέω' means 'to make no idols' or 'to not make idols'. The form 'ἀνειδωλοποιούσαν' is a participle, indicating an ongoing action of not making idols. It describes something or someone that is in the process of refraining from idol-making.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ef-yoo-ROH-men

Translations: we may find, we may discover, we may invent, we may devise

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to find', 'to discover', 'to invent', or 'to devise'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb εὑρίσκω (heuriskō), meaning 'to find'. In this form, it is used to express a possibility, a wish, or an exhortation, often translated with 'may' or 'let us'.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Etymology: The root verb εὑρίσκω (heuriskō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- ('to find, to discover'). The prefix ἐπί (epi) is from Proto-Indo-European *opi ('near, against').

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G1140, G0000

Part of Speech: Noun, Interjection

Sounds like: dai-MOH-nee-ah-AT-tah

Translations: demons, evil spirits, oh, alas, daddy

Notes: This word appears to be a compound or a juxtaposition of two separate Koine Greek words: 'δαιμόνια' (daimonia), which is the plural form of 'δαιμόνιον' (daimonion) meaning 'demons' or 'evil spirits', and 'ἀττά' (atta), an interjection or vocative term. 'Ἀττά' can be used as an exclamation of surprise, sorrow, or a term of address like 'daddy' or 'father'. The combination 'ΔΑΙΜΟΝΙΑἈΤΤΑ' is highly unusual and likely a misspelling, a garbled text, or a very rare and idiosyncratic usage. It could potentially be an exclamation related to demons, such as 'Oh, demons!' or 'Alas, demons!' given the context of philosophical discussions about gods and vanity.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter (for δαιμόνια); Vocative (for ἀττά)

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-thay-ah-ZOO-san

Translations: exalting, deifying, making divine, glorifying

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'exalting' or 'deifying'. It describes an action of elevating something or someone to a divine status, or treating them as divine. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'θειάζω' (theiazō), meaning 'to make divine' or 'to deify'. It would be used to describe someone or something that is in the process of exalting or deifying another.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Accusative Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΠΟΙΕΩ, ΥΨΟΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-as-TAY-sai

Translations: to present, to stand by, to place beside, to offer, to show, to prove, to yield, to make available

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and 'ἵστημι' (histēmi, meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It means to cause something or someone to stand beside, to present, to offer, or to make available. It can also mean to stand by someone, to assist, or to prove something. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the object it takes.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΞΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΑΓΕΙΝ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word παρίστημι (paristēmi) is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G1410, G3689

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: doo-nee-THOH-men-oh-nee-ROT-too-san

Translations: we may be able, dreaming, a dreaming

Notes: This appears to be a compound or concatenated word, likely combining forms of 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power', and 'ὀνειρώττω' (oneirotto), meaning 'to dream'. The first part, 'ΔΥΝΗΘΩΜΕΝ', is the first person plural aorist subjunctive of 'δύναμαι', meaning 'that we may be able' or 'we may be able'. The second part, 'ὈΝΕΙΡΩΤΤΟΥΣΑΝ', is the accusative singular feminine present active participle of 'ὀνειρώττω', meaning 'dreaming' or 'one who is dreaming'. The combination suggests a phrase like 'that we may be able to dream' or 'we may be able to be dreaming'. This word is highly unusual and likely a transcription error or a unique literary construction, as these two words are not typically compounded in Koine Greek.

Inflection: First person plural, Aorist Subjunctive (ΔΥΝΗΘΩΜΕΝ); Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present Active Participle (ὈΝΕΙΡΩΤΤΟΥΣΑΝ)

G4747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stoy-KHEH-yah

Translations: elements, principles, rudiments, basic components, basic teachings, fundamental truths

Notes: This word refers to the fundamental components or basic principles of something. It can denote the physical elements of the world (like earth, air, fire, water), the basic building blocks of matter, or the elementary teachings and rudiments of a subject. In a philosophical or theological context, it can refer to foundational truths or spiritual powers.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙ, ΒΑΣΕΙΣ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΟΝ comes from the verb στοιχέω (stoicheō), meaning 'to be in a row, to march in order'. It originally referred to 'one of a row or series', then 'a component part', and later 'an element' or 'a principle'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G0620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LEE-pon

Translations: left, abandoned, deserted, remained, was left behind

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, first person plural or third person plural, of the verb 'ἀπολείπω' (apoleipō). It means 'to leave behind, abandon, desert,' or 'to remain, be left over.' It describes an action of leaving something or someone, or of something being left behind or remaining after others have gone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἀπολείπω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack.' Thus, it literally means 'to leave away from' or 'to leave behind.'

G1826

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ex-yoom-NAY-san-tes

Translations: having sung, having celebrated, having praised, having extolled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'ἐξυμνέω' (exymneō). It means 'to sing out, to celebrate in song, to extol, to praise highly'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often implies a preceding action or a cause, such as 'having sung' or 'because they sang'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΜΝΕΩ, ΕΠΑΙΝΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-nax-ee-MEH-nays

Translations: Anaximenes

Notes: Anaximenes was an ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Miletus, active in the latter half of the 6th century BC. He is known for his cosmological theory that air is the arche (first principle) from which everything else originates through processes of rarefaction and condensation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Anaximenes is of Greek origin, meaning 'lord of the moon' or 'ruler of the moon'. It is a compound name derived from 'anax' (lord, master, king) and 'mene' (moon).

G0002

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-THEH-oy

Translations: godless, without God, an atheist, godless ones

Notes: This word describes someone who is without God or who denies the existence of God. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or a group, or as a noun to refer to 'godless people' or 'atheists'. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'without') and 'θεός' (theos, meaning 'God').

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΠΙΣΤΟΙ, ἈΣΕΒΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative alpha (ἀ-, 'not', 'without') and θεός (theos, 'God'). It literally means 'without God'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-koo-NAY-san-tes

Translations: worshiping, having worshiped, prostrating, having prostrated, bowing down, having bowed down, doing obeisance, having done obeisance

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'proskyneō', meaning to worship, prostrate oneself, or bow down. It describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective to describe someone who is worshiping or has worshiped. It is often used in contexts of reverence towards God, a deity, or a person of high authority, indicating an act of homage or adoration.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ

Etymology: The word προσκυνέω (proskyneō) is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards', and κυνέω (kyneō), meaning 'to kiss'. The original sense was to kiss towards someone, especially a superior, as a gesture of reverence or submission, which evolved to mean bowing down or prostrating oneself in worship or homage.

G5091

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tee-MAY-san-tes

Translations: having honored, having valued, having esteemed, having paid respect to

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action that was completed prior to the main verb in the sentence. It means 'having honored' or 'having valued' someone or something. It describes a group of people (masculine or neuter) who have performed the action of honoring or valuing.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΑΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From τιμή (timē), meaning 'honor, value, price'. The verb τιμάω means 'to honor, to value, to estimate'.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G1621

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-thi-A-san-tes

Translations: deified, having deified, having made divine, having worshipped as divine

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'θειάζω' (to deify, to worship). It means to deify, to make divine, or to worship someone or something as divine. It describes the action of elevating something to the status of a god or treating it with divine reverence. It is used to describe those who have performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΠΟΙΕΩ, ΣΕΒΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-PLAS-son-tes

Translations: forming again, molding again, remaking, reshaping, restoring, recreating

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'again' or 'up') and πλάσσω (plassō, meaning 'to form' or 'to mold'). It describes the act of forming, molding, or shaping something anew, often implying a restoration or recreation. It can be used to describe the physical act of shaping material or the metaphorical act of reforming character or ideas.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΠΛΑΣΣΩ, ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ἈΝΑΚΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναπλάσσω is derived from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'again' or 'up', and the verb πλάσσω (plassō), meaning 'to mold' or 'to form'. The root πλάσσω comes from an ancient Greek root related to shaping or forming clay.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G4350

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-TREH-poh-meh-noy

Translations: turning towards, turning to, resorting to, having recourse to, appealing to

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'turning oneself towards' or 'resorting to'. It describes an action where someone or something directs themselves towards another, often for help, refuge, or appeal. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, towards', and the verb ΤΡΕΠΩ (trepo), meaning 'to turn'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΡΕΠΩ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, towards, with', and the verb ΤΡΕΠΩ (trepo), meaning 'to turn'. It signifies a turning movement directed towards something.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G5205

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-GRAH

Translations: wet, moist, liquid, a wet thing, a moist thing, a liquid thing

Notes: This word is the feminine plural form of the adjective 'ὑγρός' (hygros), meaning 'wet', 'moist', or 'liquid'. It describes something that is damp or contains fluid. It can be used to describe things like wet ground, moist air, or liquid substances.

Inflection: Plural, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΝΟΤΙΔΑ, ΥΔΑΤΩΔΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ὑγρός' (hygros) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'wet' or 'moist'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to water or dampness.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-SEE-ah

Translations: substance, a substance, essence, being, property, wealth, a property, a wealth

Notes: This word refers to the fundamental nature or essence of something, its true being or reality. It can also denote material possessions, property, or wealth. In philosophical and theological contexts, it often refers to the underlying reality or nature of God or other entities. In everyday usage, it can simply mean one's possessions or estate.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΞΙΣ, ΚΤΗΜΑ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the present participle feminine of the verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It literally means 'being' or 'that which is'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G0272

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: ah-MEH-ley

Translations: doubtless, certainly, surely, indeed, neglect, be careless, take no care

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'doubtless' or 'certainly', emphasizing a statement. It can also be an imperative form of the verb 'ἀμελέω', meaning 'do not neglect' or 'be careless'. Its meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect), or Verb (Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΔΗΛΟΝΟΤΙ, ἈΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and μέλει (melei, 'it is a care, it concerns'). The root verb ἀμελέω means 'to be careless of, neglect'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G0337

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-REH-seh-ohs

Translations: of destruction, of taking away, of putting to death, of murder

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of taking up, taking away, or removing something. In a more severe context, it can mean destruction, putting to death, or murder. It is often used to describe the violent termination of life or the complete removal of something.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΕΙΑ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΦΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀναίρεσις (anairesis) comes from the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō), meaning 'to take up, take away, destroy, kill'. It is formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

G2564

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: keh-KLEE-meh-nos

Translations: called, having been called, invited, chosen, a called one, an invited one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It describes someone who has been called or invited, indicating a completed action with a continuing result. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'one who has been called' or 'the invited one'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΕΚΛΗΜΕΝΟΣ

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: XEE-foss

Translations: sword, a sword

Notes: This word refers to a sword, a weapon typically used for cutting or thrusting. It is commonly used in narratives describing battles, combat, or the carrying of arms. It can also be used metaphorically to represent conflict, judgment, or authority.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ

Etymology: The word "ξίφος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cut' or 'to pierce'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G4078

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: PEEK-san-tes

Translations: having fixed, having fastened, having pitched, having set up, having built, having made firm

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πήγνυμι' (pēgnymi), meaning 'to fix,' 'to fasten,' 'to pitch,' or 'to set up.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can be used to describe someone who has performed the action of fixing or setting something, such as 'having pitched a tent' or 'having fastened a sword.'

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ

G1964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-THOO-ehn

Translations: to sacrifice upon, to offer sacrifice

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sacrifice upon' or 'to offer sacrifice'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and the verb 'θύω' (to sacrifice, to offer). It describes the act of performing a sacrifice, often implying that the sacrifice is made upon an altar or in a specific place.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΘΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐπιθύω (epithyō) is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb θύω (thyō), meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer'. The root θύω is related to the idea of 'rushing' or 'burning', which connects to the act of burning offerings in a sacrifice.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-ton

Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G2166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-DOK-sos

Translations: glorious, honorable, renowned, famous, of good repute

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is glorious, honorable, or of good repute. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good,' and 'δόξα' (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion.' Thus, it literally means 'having good glory' or 'having a good opinion/reputation.' It is used to describe individuals or things that are highly esteemed or celebrated.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΦΑΝΗΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὖ (eu, “well”) + δόξα (dóxa, “glory, opinion”).

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1208

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dehf-TEH-rah

Translations: second, a second, the second

Notes: This word means 'second' and is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δεύτερος'. It can be used to describe something as being in the second position or order. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the second one' (referring to a feminine noun) or 'the second thing'. It can also refer to the second day of the week, Monday.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'δευτέρα' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to follow' or 'to yield'. It is related to the concept of being next in sequence.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4577

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-oo-ro-MAH-tai

Translations: Sarmatians

Notes: This word refers to the Sarmatians, an ancient Iranian nomadic people who inhabited the Pontic Steppe, a vast area of Eurasia, from around the 5th century BC to the 4th century AD. They were known for their equestrian skills and warrior culture. The word is used to denote members of this ethnic group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Sarmatians" is believed to be derived from an Old Iranian root, possibly related to "archer" or "lizard-like" (referring to their scale armor). They were a distinct group from the Scythians, though often associated with them.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PHAY-sin

Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.

G2427, G1722

Part of Speech: Adjective, Preposition

Sounds like: ee-KEH-see-os en

Translations: suppliant in, supplicatory in, entreating in, imploring in

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the adjective 'ΙΚΕΣΙΟΣ' (hikesios) and the preposition 'ἘΝ' (en). 'ΙΚΕΣΙΟΣ' means 'suppliant' or 'supplicatory', referring to someone who humbly asks for something or the act of pleading. 'ἘΝ' means 'in', 'on', 'among', or 'at'. Together, the phrase would generally mean 'in a suppliant manner' or 'in supplication', indicating the state or location of an act of entreaty.

Inflection: ΙΚΕΣΙΟΣ: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ἘΝ: Does not inflect

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-kee-NAH-kane

Translations: akinakes, a short sword, a dagger

Notes: An akinakes is a type of short sword or dagger, typically associated with the Scythians, Persians, and other peoples of the ancient Near East. It was a straight, double-edged weapon, often worn on the right side. It is used in sentences like 'He drew his akinakes' or 'They worshipped the akinakes'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ, ΔΟΡΥ

Etymology: The word ἀκινάκης is of Persian origin, likely borrowed into Greek. It refers to a specific type of short sword used by various peoples in the ancient Near East.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G5104, G3588

Part of Speech: Particle, Definite Article

Sounds like: TOY

Translations: indeed, surely, then, for them, to them, to the, for the

Notes: ΤΟΙ can function as an enclitic particle, adding emphasis or indicating a consequence, often translated as 'indeed,' 'surely,' or 'then.' It can also be the dative masculine or neuter plural form of the definite article 'the,' meaning 'to the' or 'for the,' or referring to 'them' when used as a pronoun. Its meaning depends heavily on context.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter (as a definite article)

Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΔΗ, ΟΙ

Etymology: The particle ΤΟΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun. The definite article ΤΟΙ (dative plural) derives from Proto-Indo-European roots related to demonstrative pronouns.

G0297

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: AM-fee

Translations: around, about, on both sides, on all sides, concerning, for

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, meaning 'around' or 'about'. It can indicate location, direction, or a topic of discussion. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'concerning' or 'about'. With the accusative case, it can mean 'around' or 'on both sides of'. It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding the sense of 'around', 'on both sides', or 'double'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙ, ΚΥΚΛΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'around' or 'on both sides'. It is cognate with Latin 'ambi-' and English 'ambidextrous'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: heh-RAH-kley-ton

Translations: Heraclitus

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Heraclitus, an ancient Greek philosopher who lived in Ephesus. He is known for his doctrine of change, summarized by the phrase 'everything flows' (panta rhei), and for his belief that fire is the arche (first principle) of the universe. The word is used to refer to the philosopher himself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Heraclitus is of Greek origin, derived from 'Herakles' (Hercules), meaning 'glory of Hera' or 'glory of Hercules'. It was a common personal name in ancient Greece.

G0746

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ar-khe-GO-non

Translations: original, first-born, first-created, first-begotten, primal, ancient, an original thing

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'original', 'first-born', or 'first-created'. It describes something that existed from the very beginning or was the first of its kind. It is often used to refer to a source or origin. The word combines 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule', and 'γόνος' (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΤΟΚΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΡΧΕΓΟΝΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (arche), meaning 'beginning', 'origin', or 'first cause', and γόνος (gonos), meaning 'birth', 'offspring', or 'that which is begotten'. Thus, it literally means 'first-born' or 'first-originated'.

G3097

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAH-goy

Translations: magi, wise men, sorcerers, magicians, enchanters

Notes: This word refers to a class of ancient Persian priests or wise men, often associated with astrology and the interpretation of dreams. In the New Testament, it specifically refers to the 'wise men' who visited the infant Jesus. It can also refer to practitioners of magic or sorcery, sometimes with a negative connotation.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΟΙ, ΕΠΑΟΙΔΟΙ, ΓΟΗΤΕΣ

Etymology: From Old Persian maguš, referring to a member of the priestly caste of ancient Persia. It entered Greek through various intermediaries.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-DOH-nes

Translations: Macedonians

Notes: This word refers to the people from Macedonia, a historical region and kingdom located on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. In ancient times, the Macedonians were a distinct group, known for their military prowess, especially under leaders like Philip II and Alexander the Great.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From Μακεδονία (Makedonía), the name of the region. The name itself is thought to be related to the ancient Greek word μακεδνός (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the inhabitants of the mountainous region.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dee-oh-GEH-nays

Translations: Diogenes

Notes: Diogenes is a male proper name of Greek origin. It is famously associated with Diogenes of Sinope, a prominent figure in ancient Greek philosophy and one of the founders of Cynic philosophy. The name itself means 'born of Zeus' or 'god-born'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Διογένης (Diogenes) is derived from the Greek words Διός (Dios), the genitive form of Ζεύς (Zeus), meaning 'of Zeus', and γένος (genos), meaning 'birth' or 'origin'. Thus, it means 'born of Zeus' or 'god-born'.

Part of Speech: Numeral, Letter

Sounds like: AL-fah

Translations: one, first, Alpha

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, Alpha (Α), used as a numeral. The keraia (΄) indicates that the letter is functioning as a number. In this form, it represents the number 1. It can also refer to the first in a series, such as 'the first book' or 'chapter one'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The letter Alpha is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which represented a glottal stop and was named after the word for 'ox' or 'bull'. The Greeks adopted it, reinterpreting it as a vowel sound.

G3551

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: NO-mee-moys

Translations: lawful, legal, customary, proper, legitimate, (to) lawful things, (to) legal things, (to) customary things, (to) proper things, (to) legitimate things

Notes: This word describes something that is lawful, legal, customary, or in accordance with established practice or law. It can refer to things that are permitted by law or tradition, or actions that are considered proper and legitimate. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating 'to/for lawful/customary things' or 'by/with lawful/customary things'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΚΑΝΟΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΝΟΜΙΜΟΣ' derives from the Greek word 'ΝΟΜΟΣ' (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. It describes something that pertains to or is in accordance with law or custom.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: SEH-vein-is-TOH-rei

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a garbled combination of two or more Greek words. It is not a recognized word in Koine Greek. It seems to combine elements of 'σέβειν' (sebein), the infinitive of 'σέβω' (sebo), meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere', and 'ἱστορεῖ' (historei), the third person singular present active indicative of 'ἱστορέω' (historeo), meaning 'to inquire', 'to learn by inquiry', or 'to narrate'. Given the context provided, which mentions 'fire' and 'worship', it's possible there's an attempt to convey something related to 'worship' or 'reverence' combined with 'narration' or 'inquiry', but the form is incorrect.

Inflection: Unknown

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3097

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-GOOS

Translations: magi, wise men, sorcerers, magicians

Notes: This word refers to a member of the priestly caste of ancient Persia, often associated with astrology and the interpretation of dreams. In the New Testament, it specifically refers to the 'wise men' who visited the infant Jesus. It can also refer to sorcerers or practitioners of magic, sometimes with a negative connotation.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΟΙΔΟΣ, ΦΑΡΜΑΚΟΣ, ΧΑΛΔΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Old Persian maguš, referring to a member of the priestly caste of Zoroastrianism. It entered Greek through various channels and came to denote a magician or sorcerer.

G1790

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-yoo-PAI-throh

Translations: in the open air, outdoors, under the sky

Notes: This word describes something that is located or occurring in the open air, outside of any building or shelter. It is used to indicate a place or condition that is exposed to the elements.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the noun ὕπαιθρος (hupairos, 'under the open sky'), which itself comes from ὑπό (hupo, 'under') and αἰθήρ (aithēr, 'upper air, sky'). It literally means 'in under the open air'.

G0005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAL-mah-tah

Translations: images, idols, statues

Notes: This word refers to statues, images, or idols, often those dedicated to a deity or used in worship. It is the plural form of the word 'agalma'. It can be used to describe cultic images or any sculpted representation.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΛΑ, ΞΟΑΝΑ

Etymology: The word 'agalma' comes from the Greek verb 'agallō', meaning 'to glorify' or 'to adorn'. It originally referred to anything that brings glory or honor, and later came to specifically mean an object of adornment, especially a statue or image.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: MOH-nah

Translations: alone, only, solitary, by oneself, by themselves

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ' (monos), meaning 'alone' or 'only'. When used in the phrase 'κατα μονας' (kata monas), it functions adverbially to mean 'by oneself' or 'privately'. It describes a state of being solitary or isolated.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative Singular; or Neuter, Nominative/Accusative Plural. Often used adverbially in the phrase 'κατα μονας'.

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zon-tas

Translations: thinking, supposing, believing, considering, regarding, accustomed, practicing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'thinking' or 'supposing'. It describes an ongoing action of holding an opinion or belief. It can also mean 'to be accustomed' or 'to practice' something, indicating a habitual action or custom. It is often used to introduce a clause that explains the reason or manner of an action, or to describe someone who is in the act of thinking or believing something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G0052

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ag-NOY-ah

Translations: ignorance, a lack of knowledge, a want of knowledge

Notes: This word refers to a state of not knowing or being unaware of something. It describes a lack of information or understanding, often implying a blameless or unintentional state of not knowing.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΩΣΙΑ, ΑΜΑΘΙΑ, ΑΣΥΝΕΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΓΝΟΙΑ (agnoia) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know'. Thus, it literally means 'not knowing'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3633

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-on-tai

Translations: they think, they suppose, they imagine, they believe

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. It is often used to express an opinion or a personal conviction, indicating what someone believes to be true, often without absolute certainty. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a passive form but an active meaning.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟἸΟΜΑΙ (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.

G4106

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLA-nays

Translations: of error, of deceit, of wandering, of delusion, of straying

Notes: This word refers to a wandering, a straying, or a deviation from the right path, whether literally or figuratively. It often implies a mental or moral error, deceit, or delusion. It can describe the state of being led astray or the act of leading others astray.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΗ, ΠΛΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word πλάνη (planē) comes from the verb πλανάω (planaō), meaning 'to wander' or 'to lead astray'. It is related to the concept of movement without a fixed direction.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2087, G2667

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: EH-teh-ran-ka-toh-lis-THAI-noo-sin

Translations: another, a different one, they slip down, they slide down, they fall into

Notes: This appears to be a compound word or a phrase written as a single word, combining the accusative feminine singular form of the adjective 'ἕτερος' (heteros), meaning 'another' or 'different', with the third person plural present active indicative form of the verb 'κατολισθαίνω' (katolisthainō), meaning 'to slip down' or 'to slide down'. The combined meaning would be something like 'they slip down into another' or 'they slide into a different one'. This construction suggests that the two words were intended to be read together, possibly indicating a specific direction or outcome of slipping.

Inflection: ΕΤΕΡΑΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine. ΚΑΤΟΛΙΣΘΑΙΝΟΥΣΙΝ: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative.

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΟΛΙΣΘΑΝΩ

G0539

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pah-TEN

Translations: deceit, a deceit, deception, a deception, delusion, a delusion, fraud, a fraud

Notes: This word refers to deceit, deception, or delusion. It describes an act or state of misleading someone, often with the intent to trick or betray. It can be used to describe a lie, a trick, or a false appearance. In a sentence, it might describe the nature of a misleading statement or the state of being deceived.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΗ, ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΨΕΥΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΑΤΗ (apate) is derived from the verb ἀπατάω (apataō), meaning 'to deceive' or 'to cheat'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term.

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pei-LEE-pha-sin

Translations: they have supposed, they have assumed, they have taken up, they have received, they have answered

Notes: This word is the third person plural perfect active indicative form of the verb ὑπολαμβάνω (hypolambanō). It means 'to take up from under,' 'to receive,' 'to assume,' 'to suppose,' or 'to answer.' In the perfect tense, it indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present, such as 'they have supposed' or 'they have taken up.' It can be used in various contexts, from physically taking something up to mentally forming an opinion or responding to someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GOON-tohn

Translations: confessing, acknowledging, professing, agreeing, admitting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'homologeo'. It describes an action of confessing, acknowledging, or agreeing. It is often used to indicate someone who is in the act of making a declaration or admission, or who is in agreement with something. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, describing a verb.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΟΜΟΦΩΝΕΩ

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

G4970

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SFOAN

Translations: their, of them, to them

Notes: This word is a third-person plural possessive pronoun, meaning 'their' or 'of them'. It is used to indicate possession by a group of people or things. It can also function as a dative pronoun, meaning 'to them' or 'for them', depending on the context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Genitive or Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΑΥΤΟΙΣ

Etymology: From the same root as the reflexive pronoun 'σφᾶς' (sphas), which refers to themselves. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European reflexive pronoun *s(w)e-.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-theh-OH-tay-tah-TON

Translations: of atheism, of godlessness, of ungodliness

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'atheism' or 'godlessness'. It refers to the state of being without God or denying the existence of God. It is formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without'), 'θεός' (theos, meaning 'God'), and the suffix '-της' (-tēs, forming abstract nouns). In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΑΠΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΘΕΟΤΗΣ' is derived from the Greek prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, 'not, without') and 'θεός' (theos, 'god'). It refers to the state of being without a god or denying the existence of gods.

G4576

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: seh-BAS-mee-ohn

Translations: of venerable, of revered, of august, of worshipful, of holy

Notes: This word describes something or someone as venerable, revered, or august. It is used to denote respect and honor, often in a religious or formal context. It can be applied to persons, places, or things that are considered sacred or highly esteemed.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΕΜΝΩΝ, ΑΓΙΩΝ, ΤΙΜΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΕΒΑΣΜΙΟΣ (sebasmios) is derived from the verb σέβομαι (sebomai), meaning 'to worship, revere, or feel awe'. It is related to the concept of reverence and respect shown towards deities or highly esteemed individuals.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-ma-THEY-ka-sin

Translations: they have learned, they have understood, they have come to know

Notes: This word is the third person plural, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'μανθάνω' (manthanō), which means 'to learn' or 'to understand'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results or a present state resulting from a past action. So, 'μεμαθήκασιν' means that a group of people have completed the act of learning, and the result of that learning is still present.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΓΝΩΚΑΣΙΝ, ΕΙΔΑΣΙΝ

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khone

Translations: ruler, a ruler, prince, chief, magistrate, official, leader

Notes: This word refers to a person in a position of authority or leadership. It can denote a ruler, a prince, a chief, or any high-ranking official or magistrate. It is used to describe someone who holds power or has a prominent role in a community or government.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to rule, to begin'. It refers to one who is first or who leads.

G1216

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: day-mee-oor-GON

Translations: creator, maker, artificer, a creator, a maker, an artificer

Notes: This word refers to a creator, maker, or artificer. It is often used in philosophical and theological contexts to describe the one who creates or fashions something, particularly the universe or the world. It is a compound word derived from 'δῆμος' (people) and 'ἔργον' (work), literally meaning 'one who works for the people' or 'public worker', but evolving to mean 'craftsman' or 'creator'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΗΤΗΣ, ΚΤΙΣΤΗΣ

G0427

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NAR-khon

Translations: without beginning, without ruler, anarchic, a thing without beginning, an anarchic thing

Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-) meaning 'without' or 'not', and 'ἀρχή' (archē) meaning 'beginning' or 'rule/authority'. Therefore, it describes something that is without a beginning, or without a ruler or governing authority. It can refer to something eternal or to a state of disorder.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΝΗΤΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΗΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, 'not') + ἀρχή (arkhḗ, 'beginning, rule').

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-STOH-los

Translations: apostle, a messenger, an envoy, a delegate

Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out with a specific mission or message, acting as a representative or delegate. In a Christian context, it often refers to one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, or other early Christian leaders who were commissioned to spread the gospel. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΣ, ΚΗΡΥΞ

Etymology: The word ἀπόστολος (apostolos) is derived from the verb ἀποστέλλω (apostellō), meaning 'to send away' or 'to dispatch'. It originally referred to a naval expedition or a fleet, and later to a person sent on a mission, an envoy, or a messenger.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-meh-nah

Translations: made, done, created, performed, things made, things done

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been made or done. It indicates a completed action with a continuing result. For example, it can refer to 'things that have been made' or 'actions that have been performed'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΜΕΝΑ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G5235

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: hoo-per-BAN-tes

Translations: having gone over, having stepped over, having passed over, having transgressed, having exceeded

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hyperbainō', meaning 'to step over' or 'to go beyond'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone or something that has crossed a boundary, whether literally (stepping over an obstacle) or figuratively (transgressing a law, exceeding a limit). It is used to describe the subject of a sentence who has performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G4183

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-po-loo-prag-moh-NAY-san

Translations: they were busy, they meddled, they inquired curiously, they investigated, they pried

Notes: This word describes the action of being excessively busy, meddling in others' affairs, or inquiring too curiously and meticulously into something. It can imply a diligent investigation or, more negatively, an intrusive prying or officiousness. It is used to describe a group of people who performed this action in the past.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΡΙΕΡΓΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoop-see-LOH-teh-ron

Translations: higher, taller, more high, more exalted, a higher thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ὑψηλός' (hypsēlos), meaning 'high' or 'exalted'. 'Ὑψηλότερον' therefore means 'higher' or 'more exalted'. It is used to compare two things, indicating that one possesses the quality of 'highness' or 'exaltation' to a greater degree than the other. For example, it could describe a mountain that is higher than another, or a position that is more exalted.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΕΙΖΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ὑψηλός' (hypsēlos) is derived from 'ὕψος' (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It refers to something that is elevated or lofty.

G4053

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: peh-rit-TOH-teh-ron

Translations: more abundant, more excellent, more superfluous, more extraordinary, a more abundant thing, a more excellent thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ΠΕΡΙΤΤΟΣ' (perittos), meaning 'superfluous' or 'abundant'. As a comparative, 'ΠΕΡΙΤΤΟΤΕΡΟΝ' means 'more abundant', 'more excellent', 'more superfluous', or 'more extraordinary'. It is used to describe something that is greater in quantity, quality, or significance than something else. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a substantive (acting as a noun itself), referring to 'a more abundant thing' or 'that which is more excellent'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΟΝ

G550

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-PEH-ee-ron

Translations: infinite, boundless, immense, endless, unlimited, a boundless thing, the infinite

Notes: This word describes something without limit or end, whether in space, time, or quantity. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can be substantivized and used as a noun itself, referring to 'the infinite' or 'a boundless thing'. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πεῖρα' (peira, meaning 'end' or 'limit').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΤΕΛΕΣ, ἈΠΕΡΑΝΤΟΣ, ἈΝΕΚΛΕΙΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΕΙΡΟΝ is derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not', 'without') and πεῖρα (peira, 'end', 'limit', 'boundary'). It literally means 'without end' or 'without limit'.

G2579

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kath-yoom-NAY-san

Translations: sang, sang about, celebrated in song, hymned

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to sing about' or 'to celebrate in song'. It is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ὑμνέω (hymneō), meaning 'to sing hymns' or 'to praise'. In this form, it describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that someone sang about or celebrated something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΜΝΕΩ, ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΕΠΑΙΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-nax-ee-MAN-dross

Translations: Anaximander

Notes: Anaximander was an ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Miletus, Ionia. He was a student of Thales and is known for his cosmological theories, including the concept of the 'apeiron' (the boundless or infinite) as the origin of all things. He is also credited with creating one of the first maps of the world.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Anaximander is of Greek origin, combining 'anax' (lord, master, king) and 'andros' (man, male). It means 'lord of men' or 'ruler of men'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-nax-ah-GOR-ah-soh

Translations: of Anaxagoras

Notes: This is likely the proper noun 'Anaxagoras' in the genitive case, referring to the famous Greek pre-Socratic philosopher. The ending 'Ο' suggests a genitive singular form, indicating possession or origin, similar to 'of Anaxagoras'. It is used to specify that something belongs to or is associated with Anaxagoras.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Anaxagoras is of Greek origin, derived from 'anax' (king, lord) and 'agora' (assembly, marketplace), meaning 'lord of the assembly' or 'leader of the people'.

G2806

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KLAH-zoh-meh-noys

Translations: to those who are sounding, to those who are crying out, to those who are shrieking, to those who are making a loud noise

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'κλάζω'. It describes a group of people or things that are currently making a loud, often sharp or piercing, sound. It can refer to a cry, a shriek, a clang, or any other strong noise. In this form, it is in the dative plural, indicating that the action of 'sounding' or 'crying out' is directed towards or for these individuals.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΩΝΤΕΣ, ΚΡΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'κλάζω' is of imitative origin, meaning it was formed to mimic the sound it describes, similar to English words like 'clang' or 'shriek'. It is related to other words describing loud noises or cries.

G0035

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-thay-NAI-oss

Translations: Athenian, an Athenian

Notes: This word refers to someone or something that originates from or is associated with the city of Athens. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'Athenian' or as a noun to refer to 'an Athenian person'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ἈΘΗΝΑΙΟΣ is derived from Ἀθῆναι (Athēnai), the Greek name for the city of Athens, combined with the suffix -ιος (-ios), which forms adjectives of origin or belonging.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2186

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pes-TAY-sa-teen

Translations: they (two) stood over, they (two) appointed, they (two) came upon, they (two) appeared

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative active third person dual form of the verb ἐφίστημι (ephistēmi). It describes an action completed in the past by two subjects. The verb generally means 'to stand over,' 'to set over,' 'to appoint,' 'to come upon,' or 'to appear.' It can refer to someone standing in authority over others, or an event or person suddenly appearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Dual

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G559

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pei-REE-ah

Translations: inexperience, ignorance, a lack of experience, an ignorance

Notes: This word refers to a lack of experience or knowledge, often implying a state of being unskilled or unacquainted with something. It can describe someone who is new to a task or situation and therefore lacks the necessary understanding or skill. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πειρα' (peira, meaning 'experience' or 'trial').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΙΑ, ΑΜΑΘΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, 'not', 'without') and 'πειρα' (peira, 'experience', 'trial'). It literally means 'without experience'.

G3089

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Conjunction

Sounds like: le-OO-kip-pos-KAI

Translations: Leucippus and

Notes: This word appears to be a compound of the proper noun 'ΛΕΥΚΙΠΠΟΣ' (Leucippus) and the conjunction 'ΚΑΙ' (and). It is highly probable that this is a misspelling or a transcription error, as these two words would typically be written separately in Koine Greek. Leucippus was an ancient Greek philosopher, often credited as the founder of atomism. The conjunction 'και' means 'and', 'also', or 'even', and is used to connect words, phrases, or clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect (for 'και'); Singular, Nominative, Masculine (for 'Λευκιππος')

G1503

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-OY-ken

Translations: it seems, it is like, it resembles, it is fitting, it is proper

Notes: This verb is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seems' or 'it is fitting'. It can describe something that appears to be a certain way, or something that is appropriate or suitable. It is frequently found with the particle 'ὡς' (hōs), meaning 'as it seems' or 'as is fitting'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΙ, ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *woyk- 'to be like, resemble'. In Greek, it is a perfect tense form used with present meaning, related to the root of ἔοικα.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G0006

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LIH-peh-tayn

Translations: they had left, they had abandoned, they had forsaken

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to leave behind,' 'to abandon,' or 'to forsake.' It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπο- (apo-), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave.' It describes an action where someone or something is left behind or abandoned by others. In this specific form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a group of people.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Pluperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ

G2756

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KEH-non

Translations: empty, a void, vain, in vain, to no purpose, useless, a useless thing

Notes: This word describes something that is empty, void, or without content. It can refer to a physical space that is vacant, or it can be used metaphorically to describe something that is useless, ineffective, or done to no purpose. When used with a preposition like 'εἰς' (eis), it often translates to 'in vain' or 'to no purpose', indicating an action that yields no positive result.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain primary word. It refers to something that is empty or void.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toyne

Translations: these two, of these two, to these two

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟΙΝ is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that', but specifically in its dual form, referring to two entities. It can function as nominative, genitive, or dative case. For example, it could mean 'these two' (nominative/accusative), 'of these two' (genitive), or 'to these two' (dative). It is used to point out or specify two particular things or people.

Inflection: Dual, All Genders, Nominative or Genitive or Dative

Etymology: The word ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ (houtos) is a compound of the definite article Ὁ (ho) and the demonstrative particle ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos).

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: TOYN

Translations: therefore, accordingly, then, consequently

Notes: ΤΟΙΝ is a particle used to introduce a logical consequence or a transition in discourse. It often combines with other particles, most commonly with νυν (nun) to form τοίνυν (toinun), which means 'therefore' or 'accordingly'. It serves to mark a conclusion or a continuation based on what has just been stated.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ, ΔΗ

Etymology: The particle τοιν is of uncertain origin, but it is often considered to be related to the demonstrative pronoun τος (tos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It functions as a connective, indicating a logical progression.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ab-dee-REE-tays

Translations: Abderite, an Abderite, of Abdera

Notes: This word refers to someone from the ancient city of Abdera, located in Thrace. It can be used as a proper noun to identify a person as being from Abdera, or as an adjective to describe something as being 'of Abdera' or 'Abderite'. The city of Abdera was known in antiquity for its inhabitants being perceived as foolish or simple-minded, so the term could sometimes carry a derogatory connotation, implying a lack of intelligence or common sense.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: The word is derived from the city name ἈΒΔΗΡΑ (Abdera), with the suffix -ΙΤΗΣ indicating origin or belonging to a place.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dee-MOH-kree-tos

Translations: Democritus

Notes: Democritus was an ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Abdera, Thrace. He is best known for his atomic theory of the universe. The word is used to refer to this specific historical figure.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: The name Democritus is of Greek origin, derived from the elements 'demos' (δῆμος), meaning 'people' or 'the common people', and 'kritos' (κριτός), meaning 'chosen' or 'judged'. Thus, the name can be interpreted as 'chosen of the people' or 'judge of the people'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: em-PSY-khoos

Translations: living, animate, ensouled, having a soul

Notes: This word describes something that possesses a soul or life, meaning it is alive or animate. It is used to distinguish living beings from inanimate objects. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun refers to something that is alive.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩ͂Ν, ἘΜΠΝΈΩΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and ΨΥΧΉ (psychē), meaning 'soul' or 'life'. It literally means 'in-souled' or 'having a soul within'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G0427

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-skhoon-TEE-ahn

Translations: shamelessness, impudence, effrontery, a shameless act

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being without shame or modesty, often implying a bold and disrespectful attitude. It describes a lack of regard for what is proper or decent, leading to actions that are brazen or impudent. It is typically used in a negative sense to describe someone's character or behavior.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΡΑΣΥΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΑΔΕΙΑ, ΑΝΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΙΣΧΥΝΤΙΑ (anaiskhyntia) is derived from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-, 'un-') and αἰσχύνω (aiskhynō, 'to shame' or 'to feel shame'). Thus, it literally means 'without shame' or 'shamelessness'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kseh-NO-kra-tays

Translations: Xenocrates

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Xenocrates, a Greek philosopher who was a student of Plato and later became the head of the Platonic Academy. It is a compound word derived from 'ξένος' (xenos), meaning 'stranger' or 'guest', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'power' or 'rule'. It is used to identify this specific historical figure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Xenocrates is of Greek origin, formed from the elements 'ξένος' (xenos), meaning 'stranger, guest, foreigner', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'power, might, rule'. It literally means 'one who rules over strangers' or 'one who has power over guests'.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: KAL-kheh-DOH-nee-oss OO-toss

Translations: Chalcedonian, of Chalcedon, this, this one, he

Notes: This word appears to be a concatenation of two distinct Koine Greek words: 'ΚΑΛΧΗΔΟΝΙΟΣ' (Kalchēdonios), meaning 'Chalcedonian' or 'of Chalcedon', and 'ΟΥΤΟΣ' (Houtos), meaning 'this' or 'this one' (masculine singular nominative). It is highly probable that this is a typographical error or a transcription mistake, as these two words would not typically be joined together in Koine Greek. If it were intended as a single word, it would mean 'this Chalcedonian' or 'he, the Chalcedonian'.

Inflection: ΚΑΛΧΗΔΟΝΙΟΣ: Masculine, Singular, Nominative; ΟΥΤΟΣ: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAN-tohn-TOHN

Translations: (of) all

Notes: This word appears to be a repetition or emphatic form of the genitive plural of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It signifies 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. While 'πάντων' (pantōn) is the standard genitive plural, 'πάντωντῶν' (pantōntōn) is not a standard Koine Greek word form. It is highly likely a scribal error, a typo, or a very rare emphatic doubling of the word 'πάντων' followed by the article 'τῶν' (tōn), which also means 'of the' (plural genitive). If it's a typo, it likely intends to be 'πάντων τῶν' (of all the...).

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. The word 'πᾶς' (pas) means 'all' or 'every'.

G0584

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PLAH-nohn

Translations: of unmoving, of fixed, of wandering not, of not wandering

Notes: This word describes something that does not wander or is fixed in place. It is often used in a scientific or astronomical context to refer to fixed stars, as opposed to planets (which 'wander'). It can also describe something that is steadfast or unwavering.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ, ΣΤΑΘΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΛΑΝΗΣ (aplanes) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (α-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verb πλανάω (planaō) meaning 'to wander' or 'to lead astray'. Thus, it literally means 'not wandering' or 'fixed'.

G4921

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-es-TOH-tah

Translations: standing together, having stood together, having been constituted, having been established, having been formed, having been composed

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi). It describes something that has been constituted, established, or formed, often implying a state of being together or standing together. It can refer to things that are composed of various parts or to people who have gathered or stood together. In the provided context, it likely refers to people who have gathered or formed an alliance.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΑ, ΣΥΝΤΕΘΕΙΜΕΝΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΤΗΚΟΤΑ

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mon

Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

G0135

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-NIT-teh-tahee

Translations: he hints, she hints, it hints, he alludes, she alludes, it alludes, he speaks in riddles, she speaks in riddles, it speaks in riddles

Notes: This word means to hint, allude, or speak in riddles. It is used to describe someone who is not speaking directly but is suggesting something indirectly, often in a veiled or obscure manner. It is the third person singular present indicative middle/passive form of the verb.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΙΓΜΑΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ὙΠΟΔΗΛΟΩ, ΠΑΡΕΜΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word αἰνίττομαι (ainíttomai) is derived from αἶνος (aînos), meaning 'tale, story, praise'. It originally referred to speaking in fables or parables, and later evolved to mean speaking obscurely or hinting.

G4744

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sto-AS

Translations: of a portico, of a colonnade, of a porch, of a stoa

Notes: This word refers to a portico, a colonnade, or a covered walkway, often with columns, typically found in ancient Greek and Roman architecture. It was a common public space used for walking, meeting, and philosophical discussions. The term 'Stoic' philosophy derives its name from the Stoa Poikile (Painted Porch) in Athens, where its founders taught. This form of the word indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand', suggesting a place where one stands or is supported.

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-el-EF-so-mai

Translations: I will pass by, I will pass through, I will go by, I will go through, I will come by, I will come through

Notes: This word means 'I will pass by' or 'I will go through'. It is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving past or through something, often implying a temporary or transient movement. It is used to indicate future action.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent), First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, by, along', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come, to go'. Its etymology reflects the combination of movement and proximity.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HOO-lays

Translations: of wood, of forest, of material, of matter, a forest, a wood, a material, a matter

Notes: This word refers to wood, a forest, or more broadly, to material or matter. It can be used to describe the substance from which something is made, or a collection of trees. In a philosophical context, it can refer to the raw material of the universe.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΥΠΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word ὕλη (hylē) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It originally referred to a forest or wood, and later extended to mean 'material' or 'matter' in a more general sense, especially in philosophical contexts.

G0820

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-tee-MO-tah-tays

Translations: of most dishonorable, of most despised, of most without honor, of most contemptible

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ἄτιμος' (atimos), meaning 'without honor' or 'dishonorable'. As a superlative, it means 'most dishonorable' or 'most despised'. It describes something or someone that is held in the lowest possible regard or is utterly without value or respect. It is used to emphasize the extreme lack of honor or worth.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Superlative

Synonyms: ἈΤΙΜΟΣ, ἈΝΑΞΙΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΤΕΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἄτιμος (atimos) is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and τιμή (timē), meaning 'honor' or 'value'. Thus, it literally means 'without honor' or 'without value'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GON-tas

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, relating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how or when an action occurs. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'the one saying' or 'while saying'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative Plural, or Genitive Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΦΘΕΓΓΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G2617

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-ee-skhoo-NOO-sin

Translations: they put to shame, they disgrace, they dishonor, they confound

Notes: This word means to put someone to shame, to disgrace them, or to cause them to be dishonored. It implies a strong sense of humiliation or public embarrassment. It is often used in contexts where actions or words bring discredit upon an individual or a group.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ, ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΤΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb αἰσχύνω (aischynō), meaning 'to shame' or 'to disgrace'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of the root verb.

G891

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-TEKH-nohs

Translations: simply, without art, unskillfully, really, truly, absolutely, utterly

Notes: This adverb means 'without art or skill,' implying something done simply, naturally, or without pretense. It can also be used to emphasize a statement, meaning 'really,' 'truly,' or 'absolutely.' It is often used to describe actions or qualities that are straightforward and unadorned.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) meaning 'not' and τέχνη (technē) meaning 'art, skill, craft.' Thus, it literally means 'without art' or 'without skill.'

G3633

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-mahee

Translations: I think, I suppose, I imagine, I believe

Notes: This verb means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. It is often used parenthetically in a sentence, similar to how one might say 'I think' or 'I suppose' in English to express an opinion or a less certain statement.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word Οἴομαι (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-LEH-pon

Translations: difficult, hard, severe, fierce, dangerous, grievous, a difficult thing, a hard thing

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something that is difficult, hard to bear, dangerous, or severe. It can refer to things that are physically challenging, emotionally distressing, or morally objectionable. It is often used to describe situations, tasks, or even people who are harsh or fierce.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to χαλός (chalos), meaning 'loose' or 'slack', implying something that is not easily loosened or overcome.

G1759

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TOW-tha

Translations: here, there, in this place, in that place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'there'. It refers to a specific place or point in time, often emphasizing the immediate vicinity or the current situation. It can be used to mean 'at this point' or 'at that point' in a narrative.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΚΕΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos, 'this'). It literally means 'in this very place'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-pa-TEH-oh

Translations: to walk, to live, to conduct oneself, to go about

Notes: This word describes the act of walking, but it is often used metaphorically in Koine Greek to mean 'to live' or 'to conduct oneself' in a certain manner. It can refer to one's daily life, behavior, or spiritual journey. For example, one might 'walk in truth' or 'walk in darkness'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek περί (peri, 'around') and πατέω (pateō, 'to walk, tread'). It literally means 'to walk around' or 'to tread about'.

G3539

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oo-no-EH-sas

Translations: having not perceived, having not understood, having not considered, having not thought

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having not perceived" or "having not understood." It is a compound word formed from the negative particle οὐ (ou), meaning "not," and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning "to perceive, understand, think." It describes an action of not understanding or not thinking that has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Etymology: The verb νοέω (noeo) comes from νοῦς (nous), meaning "mind" or "intellect." The negative particle οὐ (ou) is an ancient Greek word for "not."

G5227

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: HOO-pa-ton

Translations: highest, supreme, chief, consul, a consul

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being in the highest position or rank. As an adjective, it means 'highest' or 'supreme'. When used as a noun, it refers to a 'consul', which was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic. It can be used to describe a person's status or the quality of something being preeminent.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative or Neuter, Nominative/Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὕπατος (hypatos) comes from the Greek preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', combined with a superlative suffix, indicating a position of being 'under' or 'at the bottom' in a spatial sense, but evolving to mean 'highest' or 'supreme' in a hierarchical or temporal sense, possibly related to being 'under' the highest authority or 'at the head' of affairs.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-REH-see-oss

Translations: Eressian, from Eresos, an Eressian

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Eressian' or 'from Eresos'. It refers to someone or something originating from the ancient city of Eresos on the island of Lesbos. It is often used to describe individuals, such as the philosopher Theophrastus, who was known as 'The Eressian'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is derived from the name of the ancient city of Eresos (Ἔρεσος) on the island of Lesbos. It functions as a demonym, indicating origin from that place.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: theh-oh-PHRAS-tos

Translations: Theophrastus

Notes: This is the name of a famous ancient Greek philosopher and botanist, a pupil and successor of Aristotle. He is known for his works on botany and character sketches. It is used to refer specifically to this historical figure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Theophrastus is a compound of two Greek words: θεός (theos), meaning 'god', and φράζω (phrazō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to declare'. Thus, it means 'speaking divinely' or 'divinely speaking'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-toh-TEH-loos

Translations: of Aristotle

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Aristotle'. Aristotle was a renowned ancient Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover a vast range of subjects including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Aristotle' means something belonging to or associated with Aristotle.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Aristotle' (Ἀριστοτέλης) is of Greek origin, derived from 'aristos' (ἄριστος), meaning 'best', and 'telos' (τέλος), meaning 'purpose' or 'end'. Thus, the name can be interpreted as 'the best purpose' or 'one who serves the best purpose'.

G1109

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gno-REE-mos

Translations: known, well-known, familiar, a familiar, acquaintance, a friend

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something that is known, familiar, or well-acquainted. It can refer to a person who is an acquaintance or a friend, or to something that is generally recognized or understood. It is often used to indicate a close relationship or a state of being recognized.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. The suffix -ιμος (-imos) indicates capability or fitness, thus 'knowable' or 'fit to be known'.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G5282

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-no-EH-ee

Translations: to suspect, to suppose, to imply, to insinuate, to mean

Notes: This verb means to suspect, suppose, or imply something, often with an underlying or hidden meaning. It can be used to describe someone inferring something or having a suspicion about a situation or another person's intentions. It suggests a thought process that goes beyond the obvious, looking for a deeper or unstated meaning.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and the verb ΝΟΕΩ (noeo), meaning 'to perceive', 'to think', or 'to understand'. Thus, it literally means 'to think secretly' or 'to perceive underneath'.

G1946

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-KOO-roo

Translations: of Epicurus, of a helper, of an ally, of a supporter, of a mercenary, helpful, allied, supporting

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun or adjective 'ἘΠΙΚΟΥΡΟΣ'. It can refer to 'Epicurus', the famous Greek philosopher, or it can mean 'of a helper', 'of an ally', 'of a supporter', or 'of a mercenary'. As an adjective, it can mean 'helpful', 'allied', or 'supporting'. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΥΜΜΑΧΟΣ, ΑΡΩΓΟΣ

Etymology: The name 'Epicurus' (Ἐπίκουρος) is derived from the Greek words 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition', and 'κοῦρος' (kouros), meaning 'boy' or 'young man', which can also relate to 'κοῦρος' (kouros) meaning 'helper' or 'ally'. Thus, it literally means 'one who comes to help' or 'helper'.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MO-noo

Translations: of alone, of only, of single, of solitary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone,' 'only,' 'single,' or 'solitary.' It describes something that is by itself or unique. As a genitive singular form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'from' something singular and unique.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *mon- meaning 'to remain, to stand still'. It is related to the idea of being singular or standing alone.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KOHN-ek-LAY-so-my

Translations: I will be called out willingly, I will be summoned voluntarily

Notes: This word appears to be a compound or a concatenation of two separate Koine Greek words: ΕΚΩΝ (hekon), meaning 'willingly' or 'voluntarily', and ἘΚΛΗΣΟΜΑΙ (eklesomai), which is the future passive form of the verb ἐκκαλέω (ekkaleō), meaning 'to call out' or 'to summon'. Therefore, the combined meaning would be 'I will be called out willingly' or 'I will be summoned voluntarily'. It is highly unusual to find these two words conjoined in this manner in standard Koine Greek texts, suggesting it might be a unique construction, a scribal error, or a very specific, non-standard usage.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: TEE-gar

Translations: unknown

Notes: The word "ΤΙΓΑΡ" does not appear to be a recognized word in Koine Greek lexicons or dictionaries. It is highly probable that this is a misspelling or a garbled form of another word or a combination of words. It might be a typographical error for "τι γαρ" (ti gar), which would mean "what indeed?" or "for what?". Given the context provided, it's difficult to ascertain its intended meaning without further clarification or correction.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: Cannot find any information about the etymology of this word as it does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: heh-rah-KLEH-dees

Translations: Heraclides

Notes: Heraclides is a common ancient Greek name, meaning 'son of Heracles' or 'descendant of Heracles'. It was borne by several notable figures, including philosophers, historians, and physicians. It functions as a singular proper noun in a sentence, referring to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Heraclides is derived from the Greek hero Heracles (Ἡρακλῆς) and the patronymic suffix -ides (-ίδης), meaning 'son of' or 'descendant of'.

G3692

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: o-PEH

Translations: hole, a hole, opening, an opening, den, a den, cave, a cave

Notes: This word refers to a hole, opening, or a den/cave. It can describe a physical aperture or a dwelling place for animals or people, often implying a hidden or confined space. It is used in contexts where a physical breach or a natural cavity is being described.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΠΗΛΑΙΟΝ, ΦΩΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to see', referring to an opening for seeing. It is related to the idea of a 'window' or 'viewpoint' that developed into the meaning of a 'hole' or 'opening'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dee-mo-KREE-too

Translations: of Democritus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Democritus. Democritus was an ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher, primarily known for his atomic theory of the universe. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Democritus' means something belonging to or originating from Democritus.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name ΔΗΜΟΚΡΙΤΟΣ (Demokritos) is a compound of two Greek words: δῆμος (dēmos), meaning 'people' or 'district', and κριτός (kritos), meaning 'chosen' or 'judged'. Thus, it means 'chosen of the people' or 'judge of the people'.

G2532, G846

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kai-OW-toss

Translations: and he, and it, and himself, and herself, and itself, and they, and them, and themselves

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'καί' (kai), meaning 'and' or 'also', and the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos), meaning 'he, she, it, self, same'. When combined, 'καὶ αὐτός' typically means 'and he/she/it/they' or 'and himself/herself/itself/themselves', emphasizing the subject or object. It can be used to introduce a new subject or to add emphasis to an existing one, often translated as 'even he' or 'he also'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G2692