Clement’s First Letter Chapter 44, Interlinear version from Clement of Rome (Beta)

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2962

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G5547

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khri-STOO

Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2054

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-ris

Translations: strife, contention, dispute, quarrel, a strife, a contention

Notes: This word refers to a state of conflict, disagreement, or rivalry. It can describe a verbal dispute, a quarrel, or a more general sense of discord and contention between individuals or groups. It is often used in contexts describing negative social interactions.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ἘΡΙΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek verb 'ἐρίζω' (erizō), meaning 'to quarrel' or 'to contend'.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1984

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-is-ko-HAYS

Translations: (of) oversight, (of) supervision, (of) visitation, (of) office, (of) bishopric

Notes: This word refers to the act of overseeing, supervising, or visiting. It can also denote the office or position of an overseer, supervisor, or bishop. In a broader sense, it signifies a divine visitation or intervention. It is often used in contexts related to leadership and administration within a community.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΗ (episkopē) is a compound word derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'over' or 'upon', and the verb ΣΚΟΠΕΩ (skopeō), meaning 'to look' or 'to observe'. Thus, it literally means 'an overseeing' or 'a looking over'.

G3767

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2983

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-LAY-foh-tes

Translations: having received, having taken, having obtained, having gotten

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having received' or 'having taken'. It describes someone who has completed the action of receiving or taking something, and the result of that action is still relevant. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'those who have received'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΕΓΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ

G2525

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-TEE-san

Translations: they appointed, they established, they set, they put, they made

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to appoint, establish, set, or put someone or something in a particular position or state. It is often used in contexts where authority is given or a structure is put in place. For example, it can describe appointing officials, establishing laws, or setting up a system. It is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb καθίστημι.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Together, they convey the sense of setting something down firmly or establishing it.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G4280

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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pro-ee-REE-may-noos

Translations: aforementioned, aforesaid, previously mentioned, previously said

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, functioning as an adjective. It describes something or someone that has been spoken of or mentioned before. It is used to refer back to things or people that have already been introduced in the text, similar to saying 'the aforementioned' or 'the aforesaid' in English.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΠΡΟΛΕΛΕΓΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word προερέω (proereō) is a compound of πρό (pro), meaning 'before', and ἐρέω (ereō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'to say beforehand' or 'to speak previously'.

G3342

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: meh-TAHK-soo

Translations: between, among, while, meanwhile

Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb. As a preposition, it means 'between' or 'among', indicating a position or relationship between two or more things or people. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'in the meantime' or 'while'. For example, it can describe something located spatially between two points, or an event occurring temporally between two other events.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝ ΜΕΣΩ, ΜΕΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΞΥ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μέσος (mesos, 'middle') or a compound involving μετά (meta, 'with, among').

G1325

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kah-sin

Translations: they have given, they gave, they have granted, they granted

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. 'ΔΕΔΩΚΑΣΙΝ' specifically indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or relevance in the present. It describes something that 'they' (a group of people) have given or granted.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΔΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present tense form, which emphasizes the action of giving.

G1437

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G1243

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-DEK-sohn-tai

Translations: they will succeed, they will take over, they will follow in succession

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to succeed' or 'to take over from someone'. It describes the action of one person or group following another in a position, office, or role. It implies a continuation or a passing on of responsibility.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΕΧΩ, ΔΙΑΔΟΧΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Thus, it literally means 'to receive through' or 'to receive in succession'.

G1381

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: deh-doh-kee-MAS-meh-noy

Translations: tested, approved, tried, proven, those who have been tested, those who have been approved

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'δοκιμάζω' (dokimazo), meaning 'to test' or 'to approve'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has undergone a process of testing and has been found to be genuine, reliable, or worthy of approval. It refers to individuals or things that have been put to the test and have passed, thus being deemed trustworthy or acceptable.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΠΕΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΕΝΟΣ

G3009

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lay-too-oor-GHEE-an

Translations: ministry, service, a service, public service, ministration, a ministration

Notes: This word refers to a public service or ministry, often with a religious or official connotation. It describes the act of performing a duty or function for the benefit of others or for a community.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΙΑ, ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΑ, ΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek λειτουργία (leitourgía), from λειτουργός (leitourgós, “public servant”), from λεῖτος (leîtos, “public”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work”). It originally referred to public service performed by wealthy citizens at their own expense.

G5259

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G1565

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G2228, G3588

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5259

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G2087

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ROHN

Translations: of others, of other things, of different ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'heteros', meaning 'other' or 'another'. It often implies a difference in kind or quality, distinguishing it from 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to refer to things or people that are distinct or different from those previously mentioned or understood.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin word 'alter' (other, another).

G1676

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: el-lo-GI-mon

Translations: of esteemed ones, of honorable ones, of notable ones

Notes: This word describes individuals who are highly regarded, respected, or prominent. It is used to refer to people who hold a position of honor or are well-known for their achievements or character.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΝΔΟΞΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΗΜΩΝ, ΤΙΜΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἘΛΛΟΓΙΜΟΣ is derived from the Greek preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in') and the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai, meaning 'to reckon, to consider'). It literally means 'reckoned in' or 'counted among' those who are worthy of esteem.

G4909

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-ev-doh-KAY-sah-ses

Translations: of having consented with, of having approved, of having agreed with, of having been pleased with

Notes: This word is a participle, indicating an action that has already occurred. It describes someone or something that has given their consent, approval, or agreement to something. It is used to show that a subject has been pleased with or has concurred with an action or situation.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΥΔΟΚΟΥΣΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΥΔΟΚΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G1577

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-as

Translations: of church, of assembly, of congregation

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often with a religious or political purpose. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the Christian church or a local congregation of believers. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'καλέω' (to call), meaning 'a calling out' or 'an assembly of those called out'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It originally referred to an assembly of citizens called out from their homes for public business.

G4167

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POYM-nee-oh

Translations: (to) a flock, (to) a herd, (to) a fold, (to) a sheepfold

Notes: This word refers to a flock of sheep, a herd of cattle, or a group of animals under the care of a shepherd or owner. It can also refer to the place where such animals are kept, like a fold or sheepfold. In a figurative sense, it can refer to a group of people, especially a congregation or community under the care of a leader, such as a pastor or bishop. This word is a compound word, derived from the root word for 'shepherd' (ποιμήν, poimēn).

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΛΗ, ΠΡΟΒΑΤΟΝ

G3326

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5012

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-pee-noh-froh-soo-NES

Translations: (of) humility, (of) lowliness of mind, (of) modesty

Notes: This word refers to the quality of humility or lowliness of mind. It describes a modest and humble disposition, often in contrast to pride or arrogance. It is a compound word formed from 'ταπεινός' (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly' or 'humble', and 'φρήν' (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding'. It is used to describe a state of mind that is not self-exalting.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek terms: 'ταπεινός' (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly' or 'humble', and 'φρήν' (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding'. It literally means 'low-mindedness' or 'humble-mindedness'.

G0002

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-bah-NAU-sohss

Translations: unskillfully, unmechanically, without manual labor, without effort, without drudgery

Notes: This word describes an action performed without skill, without the need for manual labor, or without the drudgery typically associated with a craft or trade. It implies a lack of artistry or mechanical precision, or simply an ease of execution that doesn't require strenuous effort.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΤΕΧΝΩΣ, ΑΠΕΙΡΩΣ

Etymology: The word ἀβανάυσος (abanausos) is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and βάναυσος (banausos), meaning 'belonging to a craftsman' or 'mechanical'. Thus, it literally means 'not mechanical' or 'without a craftsman'.

G3140

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-mar-too-ray-MEH-noos

Translations: having been testified, having been witnessed, having been attested, having been borne witness to

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been testified' or 'having been witnessed'. It describes someone or something that has received testimony or has been attested to. It is used to indicate a state resulting from a past action of witnessing or testifying, often implying a confirmed or well-attested status.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΒΕΒΑΙΩΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΩΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word μαρτυρέω (martyreō) comes from μάρτυς (martys), meaning 'witness'. It refers to the act of bearing witness or giving testimony.

G5037

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G5259

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3543

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zoh-men

Translations: we think, we suppose, we believe, we consider, we are accustomed

Notes: This word means to think, suppose, believe, or consider. It can also mean to be accustomed or to practice. It is often used to express an opinion or a customary action. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'we think that it is good' or 'we are accustomed to doing this'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, First Person Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: From νόμος (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. The verb originally meant 'to do according to custom or law', and then evolved to mean 'to consider, believe, or think'.

G0654

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-BAL-les-thai

Translations: to throw away, to cast off, to lose, to reject, to abandon

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb βάλλω (BALLO), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Therefore, it literally means 'to throw away' or 'to cast off'. It is used to describe the act of discarding something, losing something, or rejecting someone or something. It can also imply abandoning a position or a belief.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΡΙΠΤΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb βάλλω (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G3009

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lay-too-oor-GHEE-ahs

Translations: of public service, of ministry, of liturgy, of service, of worship, of ministration

Notes: This word refers to a public service, ministry, or act of worship. It describes the performance of duties, especially those related to religious or civic functions. It is often used in the context of priestly service in the temple or the Christian church, but can also refer to any public duty or charitable work.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΙΑΣ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΑΣ

G0266

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-ah

Translations: sin, a sin, offense, trespass

Notes: This word refers to a sin, an offense, or a trespass against divine law or moral principles. It describes an act of missing the mark or failing to achieve a goal, particularly in a moral or ethical sense. It is commonly used to denote a transgression or a moral failing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin'. It is formed from the privative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'μέρος' (meros, meaning 'part' or 'share'), implying a failure to obtain a share or to hit the target.

G1063

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4374

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-en-ENG-kon-tas

Translations: having offered, having brought, having presented, having given

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to bring to, offer, or present'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone who has performed the act of bringing, offering, or presenting something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'the one who offered' or 'those who brought'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1984

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-is-ko-PES

Translations: of visitation, of oversight, of superintendence, of a bishopric, of an office of overseer

Notes: This word refers to an act of visiting, especially a divine visitation or inspection. It can also denote the act of overseeing, supervising, or superintending, implying care and attention. Furthermore, it can refer to the office or position of an overseer or bishop, often translated as 'bishopric' or 'office of overseer'. It is used to describe a period of divine intervention or a role of leadership and supervision.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΗ is derived from the verb ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΕΩ (episkopeō), meaning 'to look upon, inspect, oversee', which itself comes from ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, over') and ΣΚΟΠΕΩ (skopeō, 'to look, observe').

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: proh-oh-doy-poh-RAY-san-tes

Translations: having journeyed forward, having gone on a journey, having made progress, having advanced

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'προοδοιπορέω', meaning 'to journey forward' or 'to make progress'. It describes someone who has completed a journey or has advanced in some way. It is used to indicate an action that has been completed by the subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΟΨΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G2192

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-khon

Translations: I had, I held, I possessed, I received

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes a past action that was completed at a specific point in time, without emphasis on its duration. It can be used to indicate possession, holding something, or even receiving something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to overcome').

G0360

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NAH-loo-sin

Translations: departure, a departure, dissolution, a dissolution, release, a release

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'departure', 'dissolution', or 'release'. It is often used in the context of the departure from life, or death, but can also refer to a general release or dissolution of something. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and 'λύσις' (lysis), meaning 'a loosening' or 'release'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΔΟΣ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

G2125

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-la-BOO-n-tai

Translations: they are cautious, they are reverent, they are afraid, they are devout, they are careful

Notes: This verb describes the action of being cautious, reverent, or afraid. It implies a sense of carefulness or piety, often in the face of something powerful or sacred. It can be used to express a respectful fear or a prudent avoidance of danger.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΈΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΙΔΊΣΣΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΈΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΛΑΒΈΟΜΑΙ is a compound word derived from ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΛΑΜΒΆΝΩ (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to grasp'. Thus, it originally meant 'to take well' or 'to handle carefully', evolving into the sense of being cautious or reverent.

G3361

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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G5101

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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3179

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-tas-TEE-see

Translations: removal, change of place, transfer, departure, a removal

Notes: This word refers to a change of place, a removal, or a transfer from one state or position to another. It can also signify a departure, especially in the context of death or a transition from life. It is a compound word formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with, after, or change', and 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand, to cause to stand'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΜΕΤΑΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb μεταστῆναι (metastēnai), meaning 'to remove oneself, to depart', which is derived from μετά (meta, 'with, after, change') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand, to cause to stand').

G2476

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-droo-MEH-noo

Translations: of having founded, of having established, of having set up, of having built, of having settled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to found' or 'to establish'. It describes something that has been founded, established, or set up. As a genitive singular, it often indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of that which has been founded' or 'of one who has founded'. It can refer to a person, place, or thing that has been established.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΔΡΥΩ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἵδρυμι (hidrumi), meaning 'to make sit down, to seat, to set up, to establish'. It is related to ἕδος (hedos), meaning 'seat, dwelling'.

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3708

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-ROH-men

Translations: we see, we behold, we perceive

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It is used to describe the act of observing something with one's eyes or understanding something mentally. It can be used in various contexts, such as seeing a physical object, understanding a concept, or experiencing an event.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΑΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *wer- 'to perceive, to watch'. It is related to Latin 'vereor' (to revere, to fear) and Sanskrit 'varati' (to choose, to wish).

G1722

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-NEE-oos

Translations: some, certain, certain ones, a certain one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'some' or 'certain'. It is used to refer to an unspecified number or group of people or things, often implying a subset of a larger group. It functions similarly to the English word 'some' when used to qualify a plural noun or pronoun, or 'a certain' when qualifying a singular noun.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΕΣ, ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in'.

G3346

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tee-GAH-geh-teh

Translations: you transferred, you removed, you led away, you brought over

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after' and implying change, and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Together, it means to lead from one place to another, to transfer, or to remove. It is used to describe the action of moving someone or something from one state, position, or location to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΓΩ is a compound of the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with, after, among, change', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead, bring'. The combination signifies a change in leading or bringing, hence 'to transfer' or 'to remove'.

G4176

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: po-li-TEV-oh-men-oos

Translations: governing, conducting oneself, living, behaving, acting as a citizen, administering, managing

Notes: This word describes someone who is actively engaged in the affairs of a state or community, or who is conducting themselves in a particular way. It refers to the act of living as a citizen, participating in public life, or managing affairs. It can also simply mean to behave or conduct oneself.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΟΙΚΕΩ

G5091

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-teh-tee-MEE-meh-nes

Translations: of having been honored, of having been valued, of having been esteemed

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'timáō', which means 'to honor' or 'to value'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes something that has been honored or valued in the past and remains in that state. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and in this genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑΖΩ, ΤΙΩ

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Clement’s First Letter, Chapter 44

Interlinear version from Clement of Rome (Beta)

44:1

44:2

44:3

44:4

44:5

44:6

This interlinear database is in beta