Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Clement of Rome / Clement’s First Letter / Chapter 47Clement’s First Letter, Chapter 47
Interlinear version from Clement of Rome (Beta)
G337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-LAH-beh-teh
Translations: take up, receive, lift up, assume, take along
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It generally means to take something up, to lift it, to receive it, or to assume something. It can be used in various contexts, such as taking up arms, receiving a letter, or assuming a responsibility.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΙΡΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-toh-LEN
Translations: letter, an epistle, a letter, an epistle, a written message
Notes: This word refers to a written message, a letter, or an epistle. It is typically used to describe a communication sent from one person or group to another, often for official or personal purposes. It can be used in contexts such as sending a decree, a personal note, or a formal communication.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑ, ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3107
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-KAH-ree-oo
Translations: of blessed, of happy, of fortunate
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'blessed,' 'happy,' or 'fortunate.' It describes someone who is in an enviable state, often due to divine favor or inner contentment. It is used to describe the state of being truly happy or blessed, often in a spiritual sense. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the blessed one' or 'belonging to the happy one.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ
G3972
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PAH-oo-loo
Translations: of Paul
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Paul', referring to the Apostle Paul. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Paul's' or 'belonging to Paul' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0652
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ap-os-TO-loo
Translations: of an apostle, of a messenger, of an envoy
Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out with a specific commission or message, often with authority. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'στέλλω' (stellō), meaning 'to send'. In a religious context, it often refers to the twelve disciples of Jesus or other early Christian leaders who were sent to preach the Gospel. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the letter of the apostle'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΣΤΟΛΟΣ derives from the verb ἀποστέλλω (apostellō), meaning 'to send away' or 'to dispatch'. It originally referred to a naval expedition or a fleet, and later to a person sent on a mission.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PRO-ton
Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place
Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHEE
Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, ruler, a ruler, first, origin, a first, a ruler, dominion, a dominion, principality, a principality
Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or dominion, and by extension, the person holding such authority (a ruler or magistrate). It is used to describe the starting point of time, a sequence, or a source of power.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΧΗ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.
G2098
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-ang-geh-LEE-oo
Translations: of the good news, of good news, of the gospel, of a gospel
Notes: This word refers to the 'good news' or 'gospel', particularly in a religious context, signifying the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'good', and 'ἀγγελία' (angelia), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'. It is used to describe the divine message or the written accounts of Jesus' life and teachings. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition or another noun indicating possession, such as 'the power of the gospel' or 'according to the gospel'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EG-rap-sen
Translations: he wrote, she wrote, it wrote
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to write'. In this form, it indicates a completed action in the past, performed by a single person or thing (he, she, or it). It is used to describe the act of putting words or symbols on a surface, such as paper or a tablet.
Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THAY-ahs
Translations: of truth, of reality, of sincerity, of verity
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being true, real, or sincere. It is often used to describe facts, reality, or moral uprightness. In a sentence, it typically functions as a possessive or descriptive element, indicating that something belongs to or is characterized by truth.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
G4153
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pnev-ma-tee-OHS
Translations: spiritually, in a spiritual manner
Notes: This word means 'spiritually' or 'in a spiritual manner'. It describes an action or state that is related to the spirit, as opposed to the physical or material realm. It indicates that something is done or understood through the guidance or influence of the Spirit.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G1989
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-STEI-len
Translations: he sent, he sent a letter, he wrote, he gave instructions
Notes: This word means 'he sent' or 'he wrote', often specifically referring to sending a letter or giving instructions by written communication. It is used to describe the action of dispatching a message or an epistle to someone.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΓΡΑΦΩ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO
Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.
Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2786
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KAY-fah
Translations: Cephas, Peter
Notes: ΚΗΦΑ is the Aramaic name for Peter, one of Jesus's apostles. It means 'rock' or 'stone' and is often used interchangeably with the Greek name Peter. This form is an inflected form of the name.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΟΣ
G0625
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-POL-loh
Translations: Apollos, Apollo
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Apollos, a prominent early Christian evangelist mentioned in the New Testament. It can also refer to the Greek god Apollo. In the provided context, it appears to refer to a person named Apollonius, which is a derivative of Apollo. The form 'ἈΠΟΛΛΩ' is the nominative case, used for the subject of a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Apollos is a shortened form of Apollonius, which means 'sacred to Apollo' or 'belonging to Apollo'. Apollo was a major deity in ancient Greek and Roman religion, known as the god of music, poetry, light, healing, and prophecy.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOH-teh
Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).
G4346
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-KLEE-sees
Translations: inclination, partiality, prejudice, bias
Notes: This word refers to an inclination, a leaning towards something or someone, often implying a bias or partiality. It can describe a predisposition or a preference that might lead to unfairness or favoritism. It is used to denote a tendency or a leaning in a particular direction, especially in a moral or ethical sense.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΠΡΟΚΡΙΜΑ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-sthai
Translations: to have been made, to have been done, to have been produced
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a perfect passive infinitive, it conveys the sense of an action that has been completed in the past and whose result is still relevant, with the subject of the action being acted upon. It is often used in constructions where the action is attributed to someone or something else, indicating that something 'has been made' or 'has been done'.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G4341
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-KLI-sis
Translations: inclination, a leaning, a turning, a bias, a tendency, a partiality, a prejudice
Notes: This word refers to an inclination, a leaning, or a turning towards something. It can describe a tendency, a bias, or a partiality towards a person, idea, or action. It implies a predisposition or a strong preference.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΡΟΠΗ, ΕΠΙΚΛΙΣΙΣ, ΡΟΠΗ
Etymology: From the verb προσκλίνω (prosklinō), meaning 'to lean towards' or 'to incline'. It is formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'to, towards', and κλίνω (klinō), meaning 'to lean, to incline'.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KEE-nee
Translations: that, that one, she
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something distant in space or time, or to refer to something previously mentioned. It functions similarly to the English word 'that' and can modify a noun or stand alone as a pronoun.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ
G2276
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HET-toh-nah
Translations: less, a less, inferior, a worse
Notes: This word describes something as being less, inferior, or worse in quality, quantity, or importance compared to something else. It is often used in comparative contexts, indicating a lesser degree of something. For example, it might describe a 'lesser' sin or a 'worse' condition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-an
Translations: sin, a sin, trespass, offense, guilt
Notes: This word refers to a sin, a trespass, or an offense against God's law or moral principles. It is often used in the context of moral or religious wrongdoing. It can be used to describe an act of sin or the state of being sinful.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G4374
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-EEN-eng-ken
Translations: he brought, he offered, he presented, he sacrificed
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative active form of the verb προσφέρω (prospherō), meaning 'to bring to, to offer, to present'. It describes an action completed in the past by a single male or unspecified subject. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and the verb φέρω (pherō, 'to bear, to carry'). Thus, it literally means 'to carry toward' or 'to bring to'. It is often used in contexts of bringing gifts, offerings, or sacrifices to someone or something.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ
G4347
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ek-LEE-thee-teh
Translations: you were inclined, you attached yourselves, you joined, you adhered
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb κλίνω (klino), meaning 'to lean' or 'to incline'. Together, it means to lean towards, to be inclined to, or to attach oneself to something or someone. It implies a voluntary act of joining or adhering to a person, group, or idea.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G0652
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-STO-loys
Translations: to apostles, for apostles
Notes: This word refers to those who are sent out with a specific mission or message, often with authority. In a Christian context, it most commonly refers to the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ who were sent out to preach the Gospel, or to other early Christian leaders like Paul who were given a special commission. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the recipient or beneficiary of an action, such as following or giving something to them.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΑΙ
G3140
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: meh-mar-too-ree-MEH-noys
Translations: having been testified, having been witnessed, having been borne witness to, having been attested, having been certified
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that has been the recipient of the action of testifying or witnessing. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, meaning the person or thing has been testified about, and that testimony stands.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΜΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AHN-dree
Translations: (to) a man, (to) man, (to) a husband, (to) husband
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ἈΝΗΡ', meaning 'man' or 'husband'. It refers to a male human being, often in contrast to a woman or a child, or specifically to a married male. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΡΣΗΝ
G1381
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: deh-doh-kee-MAS-meh-noh
Translations: (to) one who has been approved, (to) one who has been tested, (to) one who has been proven
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, meaning 'to test, examine, approve, or prove'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing someone or something that has undergone a process of testing and has been found to be genuine, trustworthy, or approved. It signifies a state of having been thoroughly vetted and validated.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ, ΕΓΚΡΙΤΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOO-nee
Translations: now, even now, just now, at present, therefore, so then
Notes: This word is an emphatic form of the adverb 'ΝΥΝ' (now). It is used to emphasize the present moment or to introduce a consequence, meaning 'now indeed' or 'even now'. It can also function as a transitional word, similar to 'therefore' or 'so then', indicating a logical progression or conclusion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2657
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-no-EH-sah-teh
Translations: Understand!, Perceive!, Consider!, Observe!
Notes: This word means to understand, perceive, or consider something thoroughly and carefully. It implies a deeper level of comprehension or observation, often involving mental effort to grasp the full meaning or implications of something. It is used as a command or exhortation to pay close attention and fully grasp a concept or situation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΝΟΕΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word κατανοέω (katanoeō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly', and the verb νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand'. Thus, it literally means 'to perceive thoroughly' or 'to understand completely'.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G1294
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-es-TREP-san
Translations: they distorted, they perverted, they turned aside, they corrupted, they twisted
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to distort, pervert, or turn aside. It is formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (STREPHO), meaning 'to turn'. When combined, it signifies a complete turning or twisting, often implying a moral or intellectual corruption. It is used to describe actions where something is twisted from its original or proper state, such as minds, paths, or truths.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΚΤΡΕΠΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ
G4586
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: SEM-non
Translations: reverent, serious, honorable, respectable, venerable, noble, a reverent thing, a serious thing, an honorable thing, a respectable thing, a venerable thing, a noble thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as worthy of respect, honorable, or serious in character. It implies dignity and a sense of gravity or solemnity. It can be used to describe a person's conduct, a place, or an object that commands respect due to its nature or purpose.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΣΕΒΑΣΤΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΠΡΕΠΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΕΜΝΟΣ (semnos) is derived from the verb σέβομαι (sebomai), meaning 'to revere, to worship'. Thus, it inherently carries the meaning of something that is revered or worthy of reverence.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4021
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: peh-ree-VOY-too
Translations: of famous, of renowned, of well-known, of notorious
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is widely known or famous, often in a positive sense, but can also imply notoriety. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (around, about) and 'βοητός' (shouted, acclaimed), literally meaning 'shouted about' or 'talked about all around'. It is used to qualify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being widely recognized.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ
G5360
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: phi-la-del-PHI-as
Translations: (of) brotherly love, (of) brotherly affection, (of) love of the brethren
Notes: This word refers to the love or affection for one's brothers or fellow human beings, often implying a strong bond of community and mutual support. It is commonly used to describe the love shared among members of a community or family, emphasizing a sense of kinship and solidarity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗ, ΣΤΟΡΓΗ
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G3306
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-MEI-noh-san
Translations: they remained, they stayed, they abode, they endured, they waited
Notes: This word describes the action of remaining, staying, or abiding in a place, state, or relationship. It can also imply enduring, waiting, or persevering. In the provided context, it suggests that someone caused the 'reputable brotherhood' to 'remain' or 'stay' in a certain condition, possibly implying a negative or stagnant state, or a failure to progress.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The word μένω (menō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to remain, to stay'. It is related to Latin manere ('to remain') and Sanskrit manas ('mind, spirit').
G0150
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahee-SKHRAH
Translations: shameful, a shameful thing, disgraceful, vile, base, ugly
Notes: This word describes something that is morally reprehensible, disgraceful, or base. It can also refer to something physically ugly or deformed. It is used to characterize actions, words, or things that bring shame or are considered unworthy.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΚΑΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word originates from the Greek word 'αἶσχος' (aischos), meaning 'shame' or 'disgrace'.
G0027
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-gah-pay-TOY
Translations: beloved, dear, a beloved one, a dear one
Notes: This word describes someone who is loved or dear. It is often used to address someone affectionately, like 'my beloved' or 'dear friends'. It can also refer to a specific person who is highly esteemed or cherished. In the provided examples, it appears in the plural, referring to 'your beloved ones' or 'your dear ones'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΙ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΙ
Etymology: The word 'Ἀγαπητός' (agapetos) is derived from the verb 'ἀγαπάω' (agapaō), meaning 'to love'. It signifies someone who is loved or worthy of love.
G3029
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: LEE-ahn
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely
Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
G0424
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-NAX-ee-ah
Translations: unworthy, improper, unbecoming, unseemly, unworthiness, impropriety
Notes: This word describes something that is not fitting, suitable, or deserving. It can refer to actions or qualities that are out of place, inappropriate, or fall short of a certain standard. It is often used to describe behavior that is not worthy of a particular person, position, or ideal.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΑΣΥΜΦΟΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἀναξία (anaxia) is derived from ἀνάξιος (anaxios), meaning 'unworthy'. It is formed from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-) meaning 'not', and ἄξιος (axios) meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOH
Translations: (to) Christ, (to) the Anointed One, (to) the Messiah
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It is often used as a proper noun, referring to Jesus Christ. In its dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to Christ' or 'for Christ'. It can also refer to anyone who is anointed, such as a king or priest.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
G0079
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-go-GAYS
Translations: of conduct, of a way of life, of training, of discipline, of guidance, of leading
Notes: This word refers to one's conduct, way of life, or manner of living. It can also denote training, discipline, or guidance, emphasizing the process of leading or bringing up. It is often used to describe the moral or ethical character of a person's life.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΠΟΛΙΤΕΙΑ, ΤΡΟΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-koo-ES-thai
Translations: to be heard, to be listened to, to be perceived, to hear
Notes: This is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'to hear'. It means 'to be heard' or 'to be listened to'. It can be used in a sentence to express the idea of something being audible or receiving attention, often in a passive construction.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ἘΠΑΚΟΥΕΣΘΑΙ
G0949
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: beh-bah-ee-oh-TAH-teen
Translations: most certain, a most certain, most firm, a most firm, most sure, a most sure, most steadfast, a most steadfast
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ' (bebaios), meaning 'certain', 'firm', or 'sure'. As a superlative, it means 'most certain', 'most firm', or 'most sure'. It is used to describe something that is exceedingly stable, reliable, or confirmed. In a sentence, it would modify a feminine singular noun in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or the extent of something.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Superlative
Synonyms: ΑΣΦΑΛΕΣΤΑΤΗΝ, ΠΙΣΤΟΤΑΤΗΝ, ΣΤΑΘΕΡΟΤΑΤΗΝ
G0744
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ar-KHAH-ee-an
Translations: ancient, old, former, a former, an ancient
Notes: This word describes something that is old, ancient, or has existed for a long time. It can refer to things, people, or concepts from a past era. It is often used to distinguish something from what is new or current.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
G2881
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: koh-rin-THEE-ohn
Translations: of Corinthians, of the Corinthians, Corinthian
Notes: This word refers to someone or something from the city of Corinth. As an adjective, it describes something as being 'Corinthian'. As a noun, it refers to the people of Corinth. In the provided form, it is the genitive plural, meaning 'of the Corinthians' or 'belonging to the Corinthians'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: The word is derived from ΚΟΡΙΝΘΟΣ (KORINTHOS), the name of the ancient Greek city-state of Corinth.
G1577
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-an
Translations: assembly, a church, the church, a congregation, the congregation
Notes: This word refers to an assembly or a gathering of people, often for a specific purpose. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the Christian church or a local congregation of believers. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'a calling out' or 'those called out'. It can be used in sentences like 'They gathered the assembly' or 'He spoke to the church'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-SOH-pah
Translations: faces, countenances, presences, persons, appearances
Notes: This word refers to faces, countenances, or presences. It can also denote a person or an outward appearance. In a broader sense, it can refer to the surface of something. It is the plural form of the noun 'prosopon'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΕΙΔΗ, ΥΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'prosopon' is a compound word formed from 'pros' (πρός), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ops' (ὤψ), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It originally referred to the part of the face that is seen, then extended to mean the face itself, and later a person or presence.
G4714
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stah-see-AH-zeen
Translations: to revolt, to rebel, to cause dissension, to be in dissension, to be at variance
Notes: This verb means to be in a state of rebellion or to cause a revolt or dissension. It describes the act of stirring up or participating in civil strife, factionalism, or disagreement within a group or community. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are in conflict with authority or with each other.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΕΩ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roos
Translations: elders, old men, presbyters
Notes: This word refers to older men, often those who hold positions of authority, leadership, or respect within a community or religious group. In a Christian context, it can specifically refer to church leaders or presbyters. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the elders are the direct object of an action.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ
Etymology: From πρέσβυς (presbys, “old, elder”), which is related to πρό (pro, “before”) and possibly to βῆμα (bēma, “step, pace”). It originally referred to an older person and later to an ambassador or delegate, and then to an elder or leader.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G0189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-KO-ay
Translations: hearing, a hearing, report, a report, fame, a fame, rumor, a rumor, (of) hearing, (to) hearing
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of hearing, the act of hearing, or what is heard, such as a report, rumor, or news. It can also refer to the message or teaching that is heard. For example, one might speak of 'the hearing of faith' or 'a report of what happened'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΜΑ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΛΟΓΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἀκούω (akouō), meaning 'to hear'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3440
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: MO-non
Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary
Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G5562
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-HOH-ray-sen
Translations: went, proceeded, advanced, made progress, contained, held, had room, made room, withdrew, departed
Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'χωρέω'. It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating movement, progression, or the capacity to contain something. Depending on the context, it can mean 'he/she/it went', 'proceeded', 'advanced', 'made progress', 'had room', 'contained', or 'withdrew'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-teh-roh-KLEE-nays
Translations: heteroclite, deviating, of a different inclination, of a different opinion, of a different sect
Notes: This word describes something or someone that deviates from the norm, is irregular, or has a different inclination or opinion. It can refer to people who belong to a different sect or hold different beliefs. In a grammatical context, it refers to words that are irregularly inflected.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΔΟΞΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΦΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word is a compound of ἕτερος (HETEROS), meaning 'other' or 'different', and κλίνω (KLINO), meaning 'to lean', 'to incline', or 'to bend'. It literally means 'leaning differently' or 'inclined differently'.
G5225
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tas
Translations: being, existing, having, possessing, a possession, property, goods, what one has
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to be' or 'to exist'. It describes someone or something that is currently existing, being, or possessing something. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to one's possessions or property. In the provided examples, it describes people 'being' in a certain state or 'having' certain characteristics.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under') and ἄρχω (árkhō, 'to begin, to rule'). The combination suggests 'to begin under' or 'to be originally present', evolving to mean 'to exist' or 'to be in a state'.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AF
Translations: from, away from, by, of
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G988
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: blas-fay-MEE-as
Translations: of blasphemy, of slander, of reviling, of evil speaking
Notes: This word refers to blasphemy, which is speech that disrespects God or sacred things. It can also mean slander or reviling, which is speaking evil of others. It is used in a genitive context, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΙΑ
G2025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-FEH-res-thai
Translations: to bring upon, to bring against, to inflict, to add, to bring forward, to be brought upon, to be inflicted, to be added
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, to, against) and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (to bear, to carry, to bring). In the middle or passive voice, as seen in this infinitive form, it means to bring something upon oneself, to have something brought upon one, or to be inflicted with something. It can also mean to add something or to bring something forward, often in the sense of bringing an accusation or a charge against someone.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ἘΠΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-tee
Translations: (to) name, (to) a name, (to) reputation, (to) authority
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ὈΝΟΜΑ' (onoma), meaning 'name'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' in English, or simply by the context. It can refer to a person's name, their reputation, or their authority.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G5218
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-MEH-teh-ran
Translations: your, yours
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning "your" or "yours," referring to something belonging to a group of people (plural "you"). It is used to indicate possession, similar to how "your" is used in English, and it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. For example, it could be used in a phrase like "your house" or "your city."
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
G0877
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-fro-SOO-nane
Translations: folly, foolishness, senselessness, a folly, a foolishness, a senselessness
Notes: This word refers to a lack of good sense or judgment, often implying a state of being unwise or irrational. It describes actions or thoughts that are foolish or senseless. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΑ, ΜΩΡΙΑ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS
Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves
Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').
G2793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kin-DY-non
Translations: danger, a danger, peril, a peril, risk, a risk
Notes: This word refers to a state of danger, peril, or risk. It is commonly used to describe a situation where harm or loss is possible. For example, one might face danger in a difficult journey or be exposed to a risk in a challenging endeavor.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΜΑ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΣΙΣ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ
G1950
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pex-er-GAH-zes-thai
Translations: to work out, to elaborate, to finish, to accomplish, to cultivate, to bring to perfection
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from three prepositions (ἐπί, ἐκ, and πρός) and the verb ἐργάζομαι (to work). It means to work out, elaborate, or bring something to completion or perfection. It implies a thorough and detailed effort to achieve a desired outcome, often with the sense of cultivating or perfecting something. It can be used in contexts of intellectual work, agricultural work, or moral development.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
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