2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ENG-ghee-zen

Translations: was drawing near, was approaching, was at hand, was coming near

Notes: This word describes an action of coming close to something or someone, or a time or event being imminent. It is often used to indicate that a specific time, such as a festival or a season, is approaching. It can also describe a person or object physically drawing nearer to a location.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΓΙΖΩ (enggizo) is derived from the adverb ΕΓΓΥΣ (enggys), meaning 'near' or 'at hand'. It signifies the act of becoming near or bringing near.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1858

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-or-TEE

Translations: feast, a feast, festival, a festival, holiday, a holiday

Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or holiday, a time of celebration and special observance. It is often used in the context of Jewish or Christian religious feasts. It can be used to denote the specific day of a festival or the entire period of celebration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (though it can appear in other cases and numbers depending on context, e.g., Genitive as in ΕΟΡΤΗΣ)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΟΡΤΗ comes from an older Greek word, perhaps related to a root meaning 'to gather' or 'to celebrate'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to public festivals or holidays.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-ZY-mon

Translations: of unleavened, of unleavened bread, of the Unleavened Bread, of the Feast of Unleavened Bread

Notes: This word describes something as 'unleavened,' meaning made without yeast. It is most commonly used in the context of 'unleavened bread' or, by extension, refers to the 'Feast of Unleavened Bread,' which was a significant Jewish festival. In the provided examples, it refers to the days or the feast itself.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'A-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ZYME' (meaning 'leaven' or 'yeast'). Thus, it literally means 'without leaven'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-nee

Translations: being called, being said, called, said, named, so-called, a called, a said, a named

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being called' or 'being said'. It is often used to describe something that is 'so-called' or 'named', indicating a common designation or a descriptive title. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΛΕΓΩ (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-, meaning 'to gather, collect', which evolved to mean 'to pick out words, speak'.

G3957

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PAS-kha

Translations: Passover

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Passover, which commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. It is a central event in the Old Testament and is observed annually. In the New Testament, it is often associated with the sacrifice of Jesus Christ.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The word "ΠΑΣΧΑ" is a transliteration of the Aramaic word "pasḥā" (פַּסְחָא), which itself comes from the Hebrew word "pesaḥ" (פֶּסַח). This Hebrew word is derived from the verb "pasach" (פָּסַח), meaning "to pass over" or "to spare," referring to the angel of death passing over the houses of the Israelites during the tenth plague in Egypt.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khi-eh-REIS

Translations: high priests, chief priests

Notes: This word refers to the high priests or chief priests, who were leading figures in the Jewish religious hierarchy, especially during the Second Temple period. It is a compound word formed from 'ΑΡΧΩΝ' (ruler, chief) and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (priest), literally meaning 'chief priest'. These individuals held significant religious and political authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ' is a compound of 'ΑΡΧΩΝ' (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It describes the head or chief among the priests.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: he entered, she entered, it entered, went in, came in

Notes: This word describes the action of entering or coming into a place. It is often used to indicate movement from an outside location to an inside one, or to signify the beginning of a state or condition. It is a compound word formed from 'EIS' (into) and 'ERCHOMAI' (to come/go).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Its etymology traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to movement.

G4567

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-tah-NAS

Translations: Satan, the Adversary

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Satan, the devil, or the adversary. It is used to denote the chief evil spirit, often depicted as the antagonist of God and humanity. It functions as a name for this specific entity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ, ΟΦΙΣ, ΒΕΕΛΖΕΒΟΥΛ

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Aramaic word 'sāṭānā' (שטנא), which itself comes from the Hebrew 'śāṭān' (שָׂטָן), meaning 'adversary' or 'accuser'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint and became a proper name for the devil.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G2469

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: is-ka-ree-OH-tayn

Translations: Iscariot, Iscariotes

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus. The name is often understood to mean 'man of Kerioth' or 'dagger-man', distinguishing him from other individuals named Judas.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Etymology: The name 'Iscariot' is believed to be derived from the Hebrew 'Ish Kerioth', meaning 'man of Kerioth', referring to a town in Judea. Alternatively, it could be related to 'sicarius', meaning 'dagger-man' or 'assassin'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things being, those who are, existing ones

Notes: ΟΝΤΑ is the present active participle of the verb ΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be'. It can function as an adjective, describing something that is 'being' or 'existing', or as a substantive, referring to 'those who are' or 'things that exist'. It is often used to describe the state or condition of something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter Plural Nominative or Accusative, or Masculine/Feminine Plural Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0565

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ap-el-THOHN

Translations: having gone away, departing, going away, having departed, having left

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed prior to or concurrent with the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of the main action, such as 'after going away' or 'by departing'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ

G4814

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-LAH-lee-sen

Translations: he spoke with, he conversed with, he conferred with, he talked with

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΛΕΩ (LALEO), meaning 'to speak'. Therefore, it means 'to speak with' or 'to converse'. It describes the action of engaging in conversation or discussion with someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΙΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΑΛΕΩ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΛΕΩ (LALEO), meaning 'to speak'. The double lambda (λλ) is a result of assimilation of the nu (ν) from ΣΥΝ- before the lambda (λ) of ΛΑΛΕΩ.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-soo-sin

Translations: to the chief priests, for the chief priests, with the chief priests, by the chief priests

Notes: This word refers to the chief priests, who were the highest-ranking religious officials in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and the Sanhedrin. This form indicates the dative case, meaning it typically expresses the indirect object of a verb, indicating 'to' or 'for' someone, or it can indicate association ('with') or agency ('by') depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ

G4934

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EH-then-toh

Translations: they agreed, they covenanted, they made an agreement, they arranged

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, meaning 'to place' or 'to put'). Together, it means to put together, to agree, to make a covenant, or to arrange. It is used to describe two or more parties coming to a mutual understanding or formal agreement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΣΣΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GY-ree-on

Translations: silver, money, a silver, a money

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly, as silver coins or money. It is often used in contexts related to wealth, transactions, or payment. For example, it can refer to the price paid for something or the contents of a treasury.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word 'ἄργυρος' (argyros), meaning 'silver'. The suffix '-ιον' is a diminutive, but in this context, it often refers to a piece of silver or silver currency.

G1843

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-oh-mo-lo-GAY-sen

Translations: he confessed, he acknowledged, he gave thanks, he praised

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ὁμολογέω (homologeo, 'to agree, confess'). It means to confess, acknowledge, or admit something, often publicly or openly. In a religious context, it can also mean to give thanks or praise, especially to God, acknowledging His attributes or deeds. It describes an action completed in the past by a single male subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἐξομολογέω (exomologeo) is derived from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb ὁμολογέω (homologeo), meaning 'to agree,' 'to confess,' or 'to acknowledge.' The prefix ἐκ intensifies the meaning, suggesting a full or open confession or acknowledgment.

G2117

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-kai-REE-an

Translations: opportunity, a good opportunity, a favorable time, a convenient time

Notes: This word refers to a favorable or opportune moment, a suitable time, or a good chance to do something. It implies a specific window of time when an action can be most effectively carried out. It is often used in contexts where someone is seeking or waiting for the right moment to act.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑ (eukairia) is derived from the Greek adjective ΕΥΚΑΙΡΟΣ (eukairos), meaning 'timely, opportune'. This in turn comes from ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΚΑΙΡΟΣ (kairos), meaning 'time' or 'season'.

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAH-ter

Translations: Father, a father, (O) Father

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Koine Greek noun 'ΠΑΤΗΡ' (PATER), meaning 'father'. The apostrophe (coronis) indicates that the final vowel of 'ΠΑΤΗΡ' (eta, η) has been dropped, typically when the word precedes another word beginning with a vowel. It is used as a direct address (vocative case) to a father or God as Father. In the provided examples, it is used in direct address to God.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine, Elided form of ΠΑΤΗΡ

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΠΑΤΩΡ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΤΗΡ' (PATER) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'father'. It is a very ancient and widespread term for 'father' across many Indo-European languages.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-then

Translations: he came, she came, it came, he went, she went, it went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he/she/it came' or 'he/she/it went'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes a completed action of movement in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΕΝ, ΕΒΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-dei

Translations: it was necessary, it was proper, it was fitting, one had to, one ought to

Notes: ΕΔΕΙ is the imperfect active indicative form of the impersonal verb ΔΕΙ. It signifies that something was necessary, proper, or fitting in the past. It often implies a moral obligation, a divine necessity, or a logical consequence. It is typically followed by an infinitive or a clause introduced by ἵνα (hina) or ὅπως (hopos).

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΝ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΕΝ

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-steh-len

Translations: he sent, he sent away, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a delegation of authority or a dispatching from one place to another. It is frequently used in the context of sending messengers, apostles, or even objects.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποστέλλω (apostellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'. Thus, it literally means 'to send away from'.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-neen

Translations: John

Notes: This is the name 'John', a very common proper noun in the Koine Greek New Testament and other ancient texts. It refers to several significant figures, most notably John the Baptist, John the Apostle (son of Zebedee), and John Mark. It is used to identify these individuals in various narratives.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name among Jews in the Second Temple period and was transliterated into Greek.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ei-PON

Translations: having said, saying, speaking, when he said, after he said

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'εἴπω' (eipo), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence, indicating that the subject performed the act of speaking. It is often translated as 'having said' or 'when he said', but can also be rendered as 'saying' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'εἴπω' (eipo) is a primary verb in Koine Greek, meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is an ancient word with roots in Proto-Indo-European, and it is one of the most common verbs used for communication in the Greek New Testament and other ancient texts.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-yoo-THEN-tes

Translations: having gone, going, went, departed

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having gone' or 'having departed'. It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate the manner or circumstance of the main action, functioning similarly to an adverbial clause in English. For example, 'Having gone, they advised him' or 'They went and advised him'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2090

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-toy-MAH-sah-teh

Translations: prepare, make ready, make preparations, get ready

Notes: This word means to prepare or make ready. It is often used in the context of getting things in order for an event or a journey, or to make something available or suitable for a particular purpose. It can also imply establishing or making firm. In the provided examples, it is used in the imperative, commanding someone to prepare or make ready.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is a third-person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or saying that occurred in the past and is viewed as a completed event. It is used to report what a group of people said.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'λέγω' (legō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather', which evolved to mean 'to pick out, count, tell, say' in Greek.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: THEH-lis

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It appears to be a fragment or a misspelling. Given the context provided, it is highly probable that 'ΘΕΛΙΣ' is part of a proper noun, specifically 'ΒΗΘΕΛΙΣΟΥΒ' (BETHELISOUB). This longer form, 'Βηθελισούβ', is likely a transliteration of a Hebrew name or place, possibly related to 'Beth-el' (House of God) or a similar construction, but 'ΘΕΛΙΣ' by itself does not form a recognizable word in Koine Greek. It could be a scribal error or an incomplete transcription of the full name.

Inflection: Unknown

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G4869

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-AN-tay-see

Translations: (to) a meeting, (to) an encounter, (to) a coming together

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to a meeting, an encounter, or a coming together of people or things. It describes the act or event of two or more entities converging. It is often used in the dative case, especially with prepositions like 'eis' (into/to) or 'pros' (to/towards), to express the purpose of going to meet someone or something.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΑΝΤΗΣΙΣ is derived from the Greek preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΑΝΤΑΩ (ANTAO), meaning 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. It literally means 'a meeting with' or 'a coming together'.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-throh-pohs

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is a common noun used to denote any individual of the human species, regardless of gender, though it is often translated as 'man' in a generic sense. It can be used to distinguish humans from God or from animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΤΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning "upward-looking" or "earth-faced."

G2764

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: keh-rah-MEH-on

Translations: potter's field, a potter's field, potter's house, a potter's house, pottery, a pottery

Notes: This word refers to a place where pottery is made, such as a potter's workshop or a potter's house. It can also refer to a field or area associated with a potter, often used for discarding broken pottery or for obtaining clay. In some contexts, it might specifically refer to a 'potter's field' as a burial ground for strangers, as seen in biblical narratives.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΕΡΑΜΕΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ΚΕΡΑΜΕΥΣ (kerameus), meaning 'potter', which itself comes from ΚΕΡΑΜΟΣ (keramos), meaning 'clay' or 'pottery'. The suffix -ΕΙΟΝ indicates a place or a thing related to the root.

G0941

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bas-TAH-zohn

Translations: carrying, bearing, taking up, enduring, supporting, one who carries, one who bears

Notes: This word is a present active participle meaning 'carrying,' 'bearing,' 'taking up,' 'enduring,' or 'supporting.' It describes an ongoing action of carrying or bearing something, whether literally or figuratively, such as a burden, a person, or a responsibility. It can also imply enduring or suffering something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩΝ, ΑΙΡΩΝ

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-por-YOO-eh-tie

Translations: he enters, she enters, it enters, he goes in, she goes in, it goes in, he comes in, she comes in, it comes in

Notes: This word describes the action of entering or going into a place. It is often used to indicate movement from an outer location to an inner one, or to signify the beginning of an action or process. It can be used in contexts such as entering a house, a city, or even a person's mind (as in thoughts entering).

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3617

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koh-des-PO-tee

Translations: to a householder, to the master of a house, to the head of a household, of a householder, of the master of a house, of the head of a household

Notes: This word refers to the master or head of a household, the owner of a house, or a householder. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δεσπότης' (despotes), meaning 'master' or 'lord'. It describes the person who has authority and responsibility over a house and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Dative or Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household', and ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ (despotes), meaning 'master' or 'lord'. It literally means 'master of a house'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3614

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-kee-AS

Translations: (of) house, (of) home, (of) household, (of) family

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a home. It can also extend to mean a household or a family, encompassing the people living within the house. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, similar to 'of a house' or 'belonging to a household'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to a physical dwelling or a family unit.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: leh-GOH-tes

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, those who say, those who speak

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'saying' or 'speaking'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the manner in which someone is acting. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'they came, saying...' or 'he walked, speaking to himself'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G1320

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: di-DAS-ka-los

Translations: teacher, a teacher, master, instructor

Notes: This word refers to a teacher, instructor, or master. It is used to denote someone who imparts knowledge or provides instruction, often in a formal or authoritative capacity. It can be used in various contexts, from a general educator to a religious or philosophical leader.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ, ΡΑΒΒΙ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διδάσκω (didaskō), meaning 'to teach', combined with the suffix -καλος (-kalos), which forms nouns indicating a person who performs the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who teaches'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G2646

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-TAH-loo-mah

Translations: lodging place, guest room, inn, a lodging place, a guest room, an inn

Notes: This word refers to a place where one can lodge or stay, such as a guest room, an inn, or a temporary dwelling. It is often used in the context of travelers seeking a place to rest or stay overnight. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against') and λύμα (lyma, 'a solution, a stopping place').

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΔΟΧΕΙΟΝ, ΞΕΝΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb καταλύω (katalyō), meaning 'to unloose, to lodge, to take up one's lodging', which is formed from κατά (kata, 'down') and λύω (lyō, 'to loose, to untie'). It refers to the act of unharnessing animals to rest at a stopping place.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5315

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FAH-goh

Translations: eat, devour, consume

Notes: This word is an aorist active subjunctive form of the verb 'to eat'. It is used to express an action of eating that is completed or viewed as a whole, often in a dependent clause or expressing a wish or command. It can also mean to devour or consume.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The root ΦΑΓ- is an aorist stem that replaced the present stem of the verb 'to eat' (ἐσθίω) in many forms. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to eat'.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-KAY-nos

Translations: and that one, and he, and that, and those, and she, and it

Notes: This word is a crasis (contraction) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (and, also, even) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (that one, he, she, it). It means 'and that one' or 'and he/she/it', often referring to someone or something previously mentioned or understood from context. It can be used to introduce a new subject or object that is also related to the previous statement.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΚΑΙ ΑΥΤΟΣ

G1166

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEEK-say

Translations: will show, will point out, will display, will make known

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. It is in the future tense, indicating an action that will happen. It can be used to describe someone revealing something, demonstrating a truth, or making something visible or known to others.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΩ, ΔΗΛΩΣΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deik-, meaning 'to show, to point out'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the idea of showing or indicating.

G0509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NAH-gah-ee-on

Translations: upper room, a large upper room

Notes: This word refers to an upper room or an upstairs chamber, typically a large one. In ancient houses, these rooms were often used for various purposes, including dining, meetings, or private gatherings, as they offered more privacy and sometimes better ventilation. It is a compound word formed from 'ana' (up) and 'gaia' (earth/ground), literally meaning 'above ground'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΩΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἀνάγαιον (anagaion) is derived from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the noun γῆ (gē), meaning 'earth' or 'ground'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is above the ground' or 'upstairs'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G4766

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: es-TROH-meh-non

Translations: furnished, spread, prepared, made ready, a furnished room, a prepared place

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, derived from the verb 'stronnumi' (to spread, to furnish). It describes something that has been spread out, furnished, or made ready. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to a place or room that has been prepared or furnished, such as an upper room for a meal.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'stronnumi' (from which 'estromenon' is derived) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *stere- meaning 'to spread'. It refers to the action of spreading out or laying down something.

G3415

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-KAY

Translations: bear a grudge, hold a grudge, remember evil, be resentful

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΩ' (mnesikakeo), which means to bear or hold a grudge, to remember evil, or to be resentful. It is a compound word formed from 'ΜΝΗΣΙΣ' (mnesis), meaning 'remembrance', and 'ΚΑΚΟΣ' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. Therefore, it literally means 'to remember evil'. It describes the act of harboring ill will or resentment towards someone for a past wrong.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙ) or Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙΤΕ) or Present, Active, Imperative, Third Person Singular (ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙΤΩ). The provided form 'ΚΑΚΕΙ' is a component of these inflections, specifically the stem 'κακει-' before the personal endings. In the context of the examples, it is part of the verb 'ΜΝΗΣΙΚΑΚΕΙ' (mnesikakei), which is Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular.

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΜΗΝΙΩ

G565

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pel-THON-tes

Translations: having gone away, having departed, going away, departing, those who went away

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle, nominative masculine plural, of the verb aperchomai (ἀπέρχομαι), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that the subjects have already performed the action of going away. It functions like an adjective, modifying a plural masculine noun or pronoun, or can stand on its own as 'those who went away'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΥΠΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-STO-loy

Translations: apostles, messengers, envoys

Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out on a mission or as an envoy. In a religious context, especially in the New Testament, it primarily denotes the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus, who were sent forth to preach the Gospel. It can also refer more broadly to other Christian missionaries or representatives of the church.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the verb ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ (APOSTELLO), meaning 'to send away' or 'to send forth'. It combines the prefix ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (STELLO), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: desire, a desire, longing, craving, lust

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for righteousness, or a negative and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust' when referring to carnal or worldly desires. It is commonly used to describe the inner impulses or inclinations of a person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΠΟΘΟΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: From 'ἐπιθυμέω' (epithymeō, 'to long for, desire'), which is formed from 'ἐπί' (epi, 'upon, toward') and 'θυμός' (thymos, 'passion, spirit, soul'). It literally means 'a passion directed towards something'.

G1937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-thy-MEE-sah

Translations: I desired, I longed, I craved, I lusted, I coveted

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'epithymeo'. It describes a past action of desiring, longing, or craving something. It can be used in both positive and negative contexts, referring to a strong desire for good things or a covetous desire for forbidden things.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'epithymeo' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'for') and 'thymos' (meaning 'passion' or 'strong feeling'). It originally conveyed the idea of setting one's heart or passion upon something.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-roh-THEE

Translations: be fulfilled, be completed, be filled, be made full

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be filled, to be completed, or to be fulfilled. It is often used in the context of prophecies being fulfilled, time being completed, or a vessel being filled. It describes a state of being brought to fullness or completion.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΗΘΩ

Etymology: The word Πληρόω (plēroō) comes from πλῆρες (plēres), meaning 'full'. It is related to the concept of fullness or completion.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G1209

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-KSAH-meh-nos

Translations: receiving, having received, accepting, having accepted, welcoming, having welcomed, taking, having taken

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dechomai', meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing. It often conveys the sense of someone who has taken something into their possession, welcomed someone, or accepted a proposition.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΥΠΟΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G2168

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-kha-ris-TAY-sas

Translations: having given thanks, having been thankful, having blessed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'eucharisteo', meaning 'to give thanks' or 'to be thankful'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often preceding another action, indicating that someone has performed the act of giving thanks. It can function adverbially, modifying the main verb of a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΣΑΣ, ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΗΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G1081

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-NAY-mah-tos

Translations: of fruit, of produce, of offspring, of a product, of a generation

Notes: This word refers to something produced or generated, such as the fruit of the ground, the produce of a harvest, or the offspring of living beings. It can also refer to the result or product of an action or process. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the origin or source of something, or to describe what something consists of.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ΕΚΓΟΝΟΝ, ΑΠΟΓΟΝΟΣ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1699

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-MEN

Translations: my, mine

Notes: This word is the feminine, singular, accusative form of the possessive adjective 'ἐμός', meaning 'my' or 'mine'. It is used to indicate possession, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. For example, it would be used with a feminine noun in the accusative case, such as 'my house' (τὴν οἰκίαν ἐμήν).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'ἐμός' comes from the Proto-Indo-European pronominal stem *me- (first person singular).

G5615

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oh-SAH-tooce

Translations: likewise, in like manner, similarly, even so

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'in the same way'. It is used to indicate that something is done or happens in a similar manner to what has just been mentioned. It can connect ideas or actions that share a common characteristic or method.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ

Etymology: From the conjunction ΩΣ (as) and the pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self, same). It literally means 'as the same' or 'in the same way'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G2537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KAI-nee

Translations: new, fresh, a new, a fresh

Notes: This word describes something that is new in terms of quality, freshness, or being recently made, rather than new in terms of age (for which a different word, 'neos', is often used). It implies something that is unprecedented, superior, or of a different kind. For example, it can refer to a new covenant, a new creation, or a new teaching. It is used to describe things that are innovative or renewed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΟΣ

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-THEH-kee

Translations: covenant, a covenant, testament, a testament, agreement, a will

Notes: This word refers to a solemn agreement or compact, especially one made between God and humans. It can also refer to a last will and testament. In a religious context, it often signifies God's established relationship with His people, as seen in the Old and New Covenants. It is a compound word, formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'between', and 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΟΡΚΟΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ is derived from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'between', and the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. It originally referred to a disposition or arrangement, particularly a legal one, and evolved to mean a will or a covenant.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-DEE-don-tos

Translations: of delivering, of betraying, of handing over, of entrusting, of giving up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραδίδωμι', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to entrust', or 'to betray'. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action in relation to another part of the sentence. In this form, it indicates the one who is performing the action of delivering or betraying.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tra-PEH-zeess

Translations: of a table, of the table, of a bank, of the bank, of a money-changer's table, of the money-changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often one used for eating or for conducting business, such as exchanging money. In the context of money, it can also refer to a bank or a money-changer's stall. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τράπεζα (trápeza), literally 'four-footed', from τετράς (tetrás, 'four') + πέζα (péza, 'foot'). It originally referred to a four-legged table.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3724

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: oh-ree-SMEH-non

Translations: appointed, determined, fixed, defined, designated, a fixed thing, a determined thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been appointed' or 'having been determined'. It describes something that has been set, fixed, or designated by a prior action. It is often used to refer to a specific time, place, or purpose that has been established.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΙΩΡΙΣΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὅρος (horos, “boundary, limit”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to set, to establish”). The verb means 'to define, to determine, to appoint'.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-YOO-eh-tai

Translations: goes, is going, walks, is walking, travels, is traveling, proceeds, is proceeding

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to go, walk, travel, or proceed. It describes movement from one place to another. In its present tense form, it indicates an ongoing action, such as 'he/she/it goes' or 'he/she/it is going'. It can be used in various contexts to describe physical movement or even a course of action.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: (to) that, (for) that, that (one)

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something or someone distant in time or space from the speaker. It is used to point out a specific person or thing, often in contrast to something closer or more immediate. In this dative singular form, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-di-DOH-tai

Translations: is handed over, is delivered, is betrayed, is given up

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. In its passive form, as seen here, it means to be handed over, delivered, or given up, often in a context of surrender, betrayal, or tradition. It describes an action where something or someone is transferred from one party to another, sometimes against their will or for a specific purpose.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΤΑΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΟΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xan-toh

Translations: they began, they started

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai', meaning 'to begin' or 'to start'. It indicates an action that was initiated in the past by a group of people, often with the sense of taking the lead or being the first to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄρχω (archō, “to be first, to rule”) + -ομαι (-omai, middle voice suffix).

G4802

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-zay-TEIN

Translations: to discuss, to dispute, to question, to debate, to inquire together

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΖΗΤΕΩ (ZĒTEŌ), meaning 'to seek' or 'to inquire'. Therefore, it means to seek or inquire together, leading to meanings like to discuss, dispute, or debate. It describes the act of engaging in a conversation or argument with others, often with the aim of understanding or resolving a matter.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΛΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΖΗΤΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΖΗΤΕΩ (ZĒTEŌ), meaning 'to seek' or 'to inquire'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G0686

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: A-RA

Translations: then, therefore, consequently, so, perhaps, indeed, really, surely

Notes: This word is a particle used to introduce a question, an inference, or to emphasize a statement. It can indicate a logical consequence, meaning 'therefore' or 'so'. It can also be used in questions to imply an expectation or to express surprise, sometimes translated as 'then' or 'surely'. Its precise meaning often depends on the context and the type of sentence it appears in.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΔΗ

Etymology: This particle is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It is a primary particle in Koine Greek.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lohn

Translations: about to, going to, destined to, future

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent, impending, or destined to occur. It often functions like a future tense auxiliary verb in English, showing that the subject is on the verge of doing something or that something is about to happen.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying delay or hesitation, evolving to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAS-sane

Translations: to do, to practice, to perform, to accomplish, to act, to exact, to demand

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to do, to practice, or to perform an action. It can refer to carrying out a task, accomplishing something, or engaging in a particular activity. It can also imply the act of exacting or demanding something, such as payment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to an earlier form meaning 'to pass through' or 'to travel', which evolved to mean 'to accomplish' or 'to do'.

G5389

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-nee-KEE-ah

Translations: love of contention, strife, dispute, quarrel, contention, a love of contention, a strife, a dispute, a quarrel, a contention

Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'philos' (loving) and 'nike' (victory), literally meaning 'love of victory' or 'love of contention'. It describes a strong desire to win or to be superior, often leading to disputes, quarrels, or rivalry. It is used to denote a contentious spirit or the act of contending.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΝΤΙΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΝΙΚΗ (nike), meaning 'victory'. It describes the characteristic of loving victory or contention.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEI-zon

Translations: greater, larger, more, older, elder

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great'. It indicates a higher degree of size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to compare two things, meaning 'greater than' or 'larger than', or to indicate someone who is older or more significant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΣ

G1850

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ex-oo-see-AH-zon-tes

Translations: exercising authority, having authority, ruling, dominating, controlling

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'exercising authority' or 'having power over'. It describes someone who is currently in a position of control or dominance. It is often used to describe those who hold positions of power or leadership, indicating their active role in governing or making decisions.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΖΟΝΤΕΣ

G2110

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-er-GEH-tai

Translations: benefactors

Notes: This word is a plural noun referring to individuals who do good deeds, provide help, or bestow favors upon others. It describes people who are givers or patrons, often in a significant way. It is used to denote multiple people who act as benefactors.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΠΟΙΟΙ, ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΕΡΓΕΤΗΣ (euergetes) comes from the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'one who does good deeds'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEI-zohn

Translations: greater, larger, mightier, more important

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'greater' or 'larger'. It is used to indicate a higher degree of size, importance, or quantity when comparing two or more things. It can also imply superiority or preeminence.

Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great'. It is the irregular comparative form of this adjective.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gee-NEH-sthoh

Translations: let it be, let it come to pass, let it happen, let it become, let it arise

Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be.' It is used to express a command, wish, or permission for something to occur or exist. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'Let there be light,' or 'Let this happen.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΩ, ΕΣΤΩ

Etymology: The verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or generation.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-OH-teh-ross

Translations: younger, newest, youngest, newer

Notes: This word is the comparative and superlative form of the adjective 'ΝΕΟΣ' (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'. As a comparative, it means 'younger' or 'newer'. As a superlative, it means 'youngest' or 'newest'. It is used to describe someone or something that is more recent in age or time compared to others, or the most recent among a group.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Comparative or Superlative

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

G1247

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-ko-NOHN

Translations: of those serving, of those ministering, of those waiting on, of those attending

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'diakoneō', meaning 'to serve' or 'to minister'. It describes the action of serving, ministering, or waiting on someone or something. In this form, it refers to 'those who are serving' or 'those who are ministering', indicating a group of people engaged in such activity.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΩΝ

G0345

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-nah-KEE-meh-nos

Translations: reclining, one who reclines, lying, sitting at table, one who is at table

Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'anakeimai', meaning 'to recline' or 'to lie down'. In ancient Greek and Roman culture, people would recline on couches while eating, especially at banquets or formal meals. Therefore, 'anakeimenos' often refers to someone who is 'reclining at table' or 'sitting at a meal'. It describes the state of being in a reclining position, particularly in a social or dining context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ANAPIPTO, KATAKEIMAI

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-khee

Translations: no, not, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative particle, used to express an emphatic 'no' or 'not'. It is often used when the speaker expects a negative answer or wants to strongly deny something. It can stand alone as an answer or be used to negate a verb or a phrase, emphasizing the denial more strongly than a simple 'οὐ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou) and the enclitic particle χί (chi), which adds emphasis. It is a strengthened form of the simple negative particle οὐ.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G1265

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-meh-meh-NAY-koh-tes

Translations: having remained, having continued, having endured, having persevered

Notes: This word describes someone who has remained, continued, or endured through a period or circumstance. It implies a steadfastness or persistence in a state or action. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word διαμένω (diamenō) is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'.

G3986

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ee-ras-MOYS

Translations: to temptations, in temptations, by temptations, with temptations, to trials, in trials, by trials, with trials

Notes: This word refers to a trial, test, or temptation. It can denote an external enticement to sin or an internal struggle. It is often used in a negative sense, referring to a solicitation to evil, but can also refer to a test or trial that proves one's character or faith. This form is the dative plural, indicating the indirect object or means by which something occurs.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΠΕΙΡΑ

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-TEE-theh-my

Translations: to make a covenant, to arrange, to dispose, to bequeath, to appoint

Notes: This verb means to make a covenant or agreement, to arrange something, or to dispose of property, often by bequeathing it. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. In the middle voice, as it appears here, it often takes on the meaning of doing something for oneself or with a personal interest, hence 'to make a covenant for oneself' or 'to dispose of one's own property'. It can be used in contexts of establishing agreements, setting up arrangements, or making a will.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. The combination implies setting something apart or arranging it thoroughly.

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-THEH-toh

Translations: made a covenant, arranged, disposed, appointed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. In the middle voice, it often means 'to make a covenant' or 'to arrange for oneself'. It describes an action where someone sets something in order, often with a binding agreement or disposition.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G2068

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-thee-AY-tai

Translations: they have eaten, they have been eating, they are eating, they are accustomed to eat

Notes: This word is a verb form derived from 'ΕΣΘΙΩ', meaning 'to eat'. It is a third-person plural perfect middle/passive indicative form, indicating an action completed in the past with ongoing results or a state of being. It can describe a group of people who have eaten or are in a state of having eaten. In some contexts, the perfect tense can also convey a customary action.

Inflection: Third-person, Plural, Perfect, Middle/Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΡΩΓΩ

G1427

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: DOH-deh-kah

Translations: twelve

Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Greek numeral 'twelve' (δώδεκα). In ancient Greek manuscripts, letters were often used to represent numbers, and an overline (or 'overline' as described) was used to indicate this numerical value. The letter Iota (Ι) represents 10, and Beta (Β) represents 2, thus combining to form 12. It is used to denote the quantity of twelve.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a numeral abbreviation)

Etymology: The word δώδεκα (dodeka) comes from δύο (duo, 'two') and δέκα (deka, 'ten').

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kree-NOH-tes

Translations: judging, discerning, deciding, condemning, separating, distinguishing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'κρίνω' (krino). It describes an ongoing action of judging, discerning, deciding, or condemning. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the judging one'), or adverbially, describing how an action is performed (e.g., 'he spoke, judging'). The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΦΑΣΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G1809

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ee-TAY-sah-toh

Translations: asked for, demanded, obtained by asking, begged for, sought out

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to ask for, demand, or beg for something, often with the implication of obtaining it. It can also mean to seek out or search for something. It is typically used when someone earnestly requests or demands something from another person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: From G1537 (ek) and G154 (aiteo). It literally means 'to ask out' or 'to ask from', implying a strong or specific request.

G3579

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ksee-nee-AH-sai

Translations: to entertain, to receive as a guest, to be a guest, to lodge, to be a stranger, to be surprised, to be astonished, to be amazed

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive middle/passive form of the verb 'xenizo'. It can mean 'to entertain' or 'to receive as a guest' in the active sense, or 'to be a guest' or 'to lodge' in the middle/passive sense. It can also mean 'to be surprised' or 'to be astonished' depending on the context, reflecting the idea of something being 'strange' or 'foreign'.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΞΕΝΕΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'xenizo' derives from 'xenos' (G3581), meaning 'stranger' or 'foreigner'. It originally meant 'to be a stranger' or 'to treat as a stranger', evolving to include the sense of hospitality.

G4617

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: see-nee-AH-sai

Translations: to sift, to shake, to test, to examine

Notes: This word means to sift, as in separating grain from chaff, or to shake. It is often used metaphorically to describe a process of severe testing, trial, or examination, where one's faith or character is put to the test, much like grain is sifted to remove impurities. It implies a thorough and often harsh scrutiny.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'σινιάζω' (siniazō) is derived from the Latin 'vannare', meaning 'to winnow' or 'to sift'. It entered Koine Greek through a process of transliteration and adaptation.

G4621

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SEE-tos

Translations: grain, a grain, corn, a corn, wheat, a wheat, food, a food

Notes: This word refers to grain, especially wheat, or more generally, food. It is often used in contexts related to agriculture, provisions, or sustenance. It can be used to describe the crop itself or the prepared food derived from it.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΙΤΕΙΑ, ΣΙΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word "σῖτος" (sitos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to refer to grain or food.

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-deh-THEEN

Translations: I prayed, I begged, I implored, I entreated, I asked

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ΔΕΟΜΑΙ' (deomai). It means 'I prayed,' 'I begged,' 'I implored,' or 'I entreated.' It describes an action of making a request or supplication, often to a higher power or in a desperate situation. While it is grammatically passive, its meaning is often active, indicating that the subject initiated the prayer or request.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1627

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-LEE-peh

Translations: may fail, may cease, may come to an end, may vanish, may be wanting, may be deficient

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ekleipo', meaning to fail, cease, or come to an end. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents the 3rd person singular aorist active subjunctive form, indicating a potential or hypothetical action. It can be used in clauses expressing purpose, result, or condition, often translated with 'may' or 'might'.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΠΑΥΩ, ΛΗΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon'. Thus, it literally means 'to leave out' or 'to leave off', leading to its meaning of failing or ceasing.

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tis

Translations: faith, belief, trust, a faith, a belief, a trust, faithfulness, conviction

Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust, particularly in a religious or moral sense. It signifies a firm conviction or persuasion concerning the truth of something, often implying a corresponding reliance upon it. It can also refer to faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in contexts of believing in God or Christ, or demonstrating loyalty and fidelity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade, to trust'. It refers to the state of being persuaded or convinced, leading to trust or belief.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-is-TREP-sas

Translations: having turned, having returned, having turned back, having converted

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'epistrephō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often with the sense of 'having done something'. It signifies the act of turning around, returning, or converting, implying a change in direction, allegiance, or way of life. It can be used to describe someone who has physically turned back to a place or person, or metaphorically, someone who has turned from one belief or behavior to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G4741

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stee-REE-son

Translations: strengthen, establish, make firm, support, fix, confirm

Notes: This word means to make something firm, stable, or secure. It can be used in a physical sense, like propping something up, or in a more abstract sense, like strengthening someone's resolve or confirming a belief. As an imperative, it functions as a command or plea to perform this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ, ΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ comes from the Greek word στῆριξ (stērix), meaning 'a prop' or 'a support'. It is related to the concept of standing firm or being fixed.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2092

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-TOY-moss

Translations: ready, prepared, at hand, a ready one, a prepared one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being ready, prepared, or at hand. It can be used to indicate a state of readiness for an action or an event, or to describe something that is available or accessible. For example, one might say 'the road is ready' or 'he is ready to go'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of 'being at hand' or 'being in order'.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.

G0219

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-LEK-tor

Translations: rooster, a rooster, cock, a cock

Notes: This word refers to a rooster or a cock, the male chicken. It is commonly used in ancient Greek texts to denote this specific bird, often in contexts related to timekeeping (as roosters crow at dawn) or as a symbol in various narratives.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the verb ΑΛΕΚΤΡΥΩΝ (ALEKTRUON), meaning 'to crow'. It is related to the idea of warding off or driving away, perhaps referring to the rooster's crow driving away evil spirits or darkness.

G0008

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-par-NEE-sees

Translations: denial, self-denial, renunciation

Notes: This word refers to the act of denying something or someone, or the act of renouncing oneself or something. It implies a strong refusal or rejection, often in a context of disowning or disavowing. It can be used to describe a person's refusal to acknowledge a truth or a relationship, or a deliberate act of giving up one's own desires or interests.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΝΗΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΡΡΙΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἀπάρνησις (aparnēsis) is derived from the verb ἀπαρνέομαι (aparneomai), meaning 'to deny' or 'to renounce'. It is formed with the prefix ἀπό (apo), indicating separation or completion, and the verb ἀρνέομαι (arneomai), meaning 'to deny'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh-nye

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware

Notes: ΕΙΔΕΝΑΙ is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know'. It is used to express the act of knowing or understanding something, often implying a state of having acquired knowledge or being familiar with a fact or situation. It can function as the object of another verb or in various infinitive constructions.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing as a result of having seen or perceived.

G0837

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-ter

Translations: without, apart from, besides

Notes: This word is a preposition that signifies separation or absence. It is always used with the genitive case, indicating that something is done 'without' or 'apart from' something else. It can also mean 'besides' or 'except'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, always takes the genitive case.

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΣ, ΑΝΕΥ

Etymology: The word 'ater' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the negative particle 'a-' (alpha privative) and a root meaning 'to separate' or 'to be apart'.

G0905

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bal-LAN-tee-oo

Translations: of a money bag, of a purse, of a wallet

Notes: This word refers to a money bag, purse, or wallet, a container used for carrying money or other small valuables. It is typically used in contexts where possessions or financial resources are being discussed.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΗΡΑ, ΓΛΩΣΣΟΚΟΜΟΝ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek word βαλάντιον (balantion), which means 'purse' or 'money bag'. It is related to the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to put', suggesting something into which things are put.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G5302

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoos-teh-REH-sah-tai

Translations: to be lacking, to be in need, to fall short, to come short, to be behind, to be inferior, to suffer want, to lack, to fail

Notes: This word describes a state of being deficient, lacking something, or falling short of a standard or expectation. It can refer to a material need, a moral failing, or simply being less than what is required or desired. It is often used to indicate a failure to meet a goal or to possess a necessary quality.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular or Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word Ὑστερέω (hystereō) comes from ὕστερος (hysteros), meaning 'later, behind, inferior'. It conveys the idea of being 'behind' or 'lacking' in some respect.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, said, spoke

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'I spoke'. It is a common verb used to report direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The aorist stem εἶπον (eîpon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense forms of 'to say' (like λέγω). It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *wekw-, meaning 'to speak'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: oo-DEH-nos

Translations: of no one, of nothing, of no

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective/pronoun 'oudeis' (no one, nothing). It is used to indicate possession or relationship, meaning 'of no one' or 'of nothing'. It can also function as an adjective meaning 'of no' or 'none'. It is a compound word formed from 'ou' (not), 'de' (but, and), and 'heis' (one).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΙΣ is a compound of three parts: οὐ (ou, 'not'), δέ (de, 'but, and'), and εἷς (heis, 'one'). This combination emphasizes the absolute negation, meaning 'not even one' or 'absolutely no one/nothing'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.

G0905

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bal-LAN-tee-on

Translations: money bag, a money bag, purse, a purse

Notes: This word refers to a money bag or a purse, typically used for carrying coins or other small valuables. It is a common term found in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to denote a container for money. It is used in sentences where one might carry or possess money.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΗΡΑ, ΓΛΩΣΣΟΚΟΜΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΛΛΑΝΤΙΟΝ is derived from the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast', possibly referring to the act of throwing coins into a bag. It is related to the idea of something that holds what is 'thrown in'.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-RAH-toh

Translations: let him take up, let him carry, let him lift, let him bear, let him remove

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take up,' 'to carry,' 'to lift,' or 'to bear.' It is often used in the context of taking up a burden or responsibility, such as a cross. It can also mean to remove or take away something.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΡΩ (airo) comes from a prolonged form of a primary verb, likely of uncertain origin. It is related to the idea of lifting or raising.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEE-ran

Translations: they took, they carried, they lifted, they raised

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It means 'they took', 'they carried', 'they lifted', or 'they raised'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often with the sense of picking something up or removing it. For example, it can be used to describe people lifting their voices or taking something away.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The verb 'αἴρω' (airō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lift, to raise'.

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-on

Translations: garment, a garment, cloak, a cloak, clothes, clothing

Notes: This word refers to an outer garment or cloak, which was a common piece of clothing in ancient times. It could also refer to clothing in general. It is often used in the context of someone wearing or taking off an article of clothing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΙΤΩΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΣΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάτιον (híma), meaning 'garment' or 'clothing'. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', suggesting something thrown over or put on.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ge-GRA-mme-non

Translations: written, a written thing, what is written, scripture

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been written. When used substantively (as a noun), it refers to 'that which has been written' or 'a writing', often specifically referring to 'Scripture' in a religious context. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: The verb 'γράφω' (graphō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to scratch, to carve, to write'.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-les-THEE-nai

Translations: to be finished, to be completed, to be accomplished, to be fulfilled, to be performed, to be brought to an end

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'τελέω' (teleō). It means 'to be finished,' 'to be completed,' or 'to be accomplished.' It describes an action that is brought to its conclusion or fulfillment, often implying a divine purpose or a preordained event. It can be used in contexts where something is brought to pass or comes to an end.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΘΗΝΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΣΘΗΝΑΙ, ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΣΘΗΝΑΙ

G0459

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-NO-mohn

Translations: of lawless ones, of lawless men, of those without law, of the lawless, of the wicked, of the unrighteous

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'anomos', meaning 'lawless' or 'without law'. It describes individuals who disregard or act contrary to established law, whether divine or human. It can refer to those who are wicked or unrighteous.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΝΟΜΩΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'anomos' (ἄνομος), formed from 'a-' (ἀ-, a negative prefix meaning 'without') and 'nomos' (νόμος, meaning 'law'). It literally means 'without law'.

G3049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-loh-GISS-thay

Translations: he was reckoned, it was reckoned, he was accounted, it was accounted, he was imputed, it was imputed, he was considered, it was considered

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai). It means 'to reckon,' 'to account,' 'to impute,' or 'to consider.' In the passive voice, it indicates that the subject was the recipient of this action, i.e., 'he/it was reckoned' or 'he/it was accounted.' It is often used in theological contexts to describe how righteousness or sin is attributed to someone.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΗΓΗΘΗ, ΝΟΜΙΣΘΗ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΓΙΣΘΗ

Etymology: The verb λογίζομαι (logizomai) is derived from λόγος (logos), meaning 'word,' 'reason,' or 'account.' It originally meant 'to count' or 'to calculate,' and later developed the broader sense of 'to reckon' or 'to consider' based on reason or an account.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G3162

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-KHAH-ee-reh

Translations: sword, a sword

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'μάχαιρα' (machaira), meaning 'sword' or 'dagger'. It indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated as 'to a sword' or 'for a sword'. In the provided context, 'ΜΑΧΑΙΡΕ' appears to be a misspelling or variant of 'ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑΙ', which is the nominative/vocative plural or dative singular form of the same word, depending on the diacritics. Given the context 'ΙΔΟΥ ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑΙ ΩΔΕ ΔΥΟ' (Behold, two swords here), 'ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑΙ' (plural) is the correct form.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ

G5602

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay

Translations: he went, he departed, he traveled, he proceeded

Notes: This word is a verb indicating motion, specifically 'to go' or 'to proceed'. It is used to describe someone moving from one place to another. Although it has a passive form, it functions with an active meaning, as it is a deponent verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ is derived from the noun ΠΟΡΟΣ (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'. It signifies the act of making one's way or passing through.

G0190

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-ko-loo-THEY-san

Translations: they followed, they accompanied, they went along with

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes the action of one or more individuals moving behind or alongside another, often implying adherence, discipleship, or simply going along with someone. It is used to indicate that a group of people performed the action of following in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ (akoloutheō) is a compound word derived from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'with', and 'κελευθος' (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'road'. Thus, it literally means 'to be on the same path' or 'to go along the same road'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G4336

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-yoo-KHES-thai

Translations: to pray, to make supplication, to offer prayer

Notes: This word means 'to pray' or 'to make supplication'. It is a compound verb formed from 'πρός' (towards, to) and 'εὔχομαι' (to pray, to wish). It is commonly used to describe the act of communicating with God or a deity, expressing desires, thanks, or worship. It can be used in various tenses and moods to indicate when and how the prayer is being offered.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ (euchomai), meaning 'to pray' or 'to wish'. It signifies directing one's prayer or wish towards a specific entity, typically God.

G3986

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pee-ras-MON

Translations: temptation, trial, testing, a temptation, a trial, a testing

Notes: This word refers to a trial, a test, or a temptation. It can denote an external enticement to sin, or an internal struggle. It also encompasses the idea of an adverse circumstance or affliction that tests one's faith or character. It is often used in contexts relating to spiritual or moral challenges.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΠΕΙΡΑ

Etymology: From the verb ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ (PEIRAZO), meaning 'to test, try, tempt'. The noun form denotes the act or result of testing.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G5616

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-say

Translations: as if, as, like, about, approximately, some, nearly

Notes: ΩΣΕΙ is an adverb or conjunction used to indicate comparison, approximation, or similarity. It can mean "as if," "like," "about," or "approximately." It is often used to describe a quantity or duration that is not exact, or to introduce a hypothetical situation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΠΕΡΙΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὡς (hōs), meaning "as" or "like," combined with the particle εἰ (ei), meaning "if."

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEYS

Translations: having placed, having put, having laid, having set

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' or 'to set.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, often indicating an action completed in the past relative to the main verb. It describes someone or something that has performed the action of placing or setting.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΩΝ, ΕΘΗΚΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-lee

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will, advice, an advice, decision, a decision

Notes: This word, 'ΒΟΥΛΙ', is likely an inflected form of the noun 'ΒΟΥΛΗ' (boulē), meaning 'counsel,' 'plan,' 'purpose,' 'will,' 'advice,' or 'decision.' It refers to a deliberate intention, a course of action decided upon, or the act of consulting and planning. It is often used in the context of God's will or human intentions and strategies. The ending '-Ι' suggests a dative singular or nominative/accusative plural neuter, but 'ΒΟΥΛΗ' is feminine, so it's most likely a dative singular form. Given the lack of diacritics, it could also potentially be a misspelling or an unusual truncation.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΟΝ

G3916

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-en-ENG-kai

Translations: to remove, to take away, to carry past, to avert

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'παραφέρω' (parapherō). It is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'past', and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. In context, it often means to carry something past, to remove it, or to avert it, implying a movement away from something or someone. It can be used in requests or commands to ask for something to be taken away or avoided.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΦΕΡΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραφέρω' is a compound of the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, by, past', and the verb 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear, carry'.

G2307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: the-LEE-mah

Translations: will, desire, purpose, a will, a desire, a purpose

Notes: This word refers to a will, desire, or purpose, often implying a deliberate intention or choice. It can be used to describe the will of God, the will of a person, or a general intention. It is frequently used in contexts relating to divine purpose or human obedience to that purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θέλω (thelō), meaning 'to will, wish, desire'. It denotes the result or object of willing.

G4674

Part of Speech: Possessive Adjective

Sounds like: SON

Translations: your, yours, a your

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'your' (singular). It indicates possession by a single person. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. In this form, it is neuter singular, and can function as either nominative or accusative.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word σός (sos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European pronominal stem *tyu-, which is related to the second person singular pronoun. It developed in Greek to indicate possession by 'you' (singular).

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OHF-thay

Translations: was seen, appeared, was made visible

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, passive, indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. Therefore, 'ὤφθη' translates to 'he/she/it was seen' or 'he/she/it appeared'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being seen or becoming visible.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The root 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and appearance.

G0032

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ANG-ge-los

Translations: angel, a angel, messenger, a messenger

Notes: This word refers to a messenger, envoy, or one who brings tidings. In a religious context, it commonly refers to a divine messenger or an angel. It is a masculine noun and is frequently used in the New Testament to denote celestial beings.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΓΕΛΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a root meaning 'to bring tidings' or 'to announce'. It is a common term in ancient Greek literature and religious texts.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NAH-meh-nos

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having been born, having arisen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a state of having become, come into existence, or happened. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used adverbially to describe the circumstances of another action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G0074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-NEE-ah

Translations: agony, a struggle, anguish, a contest, a fight, a great fear

Notes: This word refers to a state of intense mental or emotional struggle, anguish, or distress, often accompanied by physical pain or exertion. It can also denote a contest, a struggle, or a fight, particularly in a metaphorical sense, like a spiritual battle or a struggle against adversity. It describes a severe internal conflict or a desperate effort.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑΓΩΝ (AGON), meaning 'a gathering, an assembly, a contest, a struggle'. It refers to the place of assembly for games or contests, and by extension, the contest itself or the struggle involved.

G4336

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AY-kheh-toh

Translations: he was praying, she was praying, it was praying

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb "to pray" or "to make a prayer." It describes an action of praying that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It can be used to describe an individual (he, she, or it) engaged in prayer.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ (proseuchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning "to" or "towards," and the verb ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ (euchomai), meaning "to pray" or "to wish." The combination emphasizes directing one's prayer or wish towards a specific entity, typically God.

G0129

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AI-mah-tos

Translations: of blood

Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. In Koine Greek, it is often used literally to refer to physical blood, but can also be used metaphorically to denote lineage, sacrifice, or violent death. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of blood'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ (haima) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek word that has maintained its core meaning of 'blood' throughout its history.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-ee-non-tos

Translations: of going down, of coming down, of descending

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It describes an action of moving downwards, often from a higher place to a lower one. As a genitive participle, it typically functions to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating possession or relationship, and can be translated as 'of the one going down' or 'of him who is descending'. It can also indicate a temporal relationship, meaning 'while going down' or 'as he was descending'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΣΧΥΩ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAS

Translations: having risen, rising, standing up, having stood up, having appeared, appearing, having been raised, being raised

Notes: This word is the masculine singular nominative active aorist participle of the verb 'ἀνίστημι' (anistēmi). It describes an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb, indicating someone or something that has risen, stood up, or been raised. It is often used to refer to resurrection or a general act of rising.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Active, Aorist Participle

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: ΕΛΘΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or manner of the main action, such as 'having come' or 'after he came'. It can also function adjectivally, describing a noun.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2837

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koy-MOH-meh-noos

Translations: sleeping, those sleeping, asleep, those who are asleep

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κοιμάω' (koimaō), meaning 'to put to sleep' or 'to sleep'. In this form, it describes individuals who are in the act of sleeping or are asleep. It is often used to refer to people who have died, as death was often metaphorically described as 'falling asleep' in ancient Greek and early Christian contexts.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΥΔΟΝΤΑΣ, ΥΠΝΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G0450

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAN-tes

Translations: having risen, having stood up, having arisen, having raised, having restored

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anistēmi', meaning 'to stand up', 'to rise', or 'to raise'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating the state or action of the subject. In this form, it refers to multiple individuals who have performed the action of rising or standing up.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΟΡΘΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ἀνίστημι (anistēmi) is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. It literally means 'to stand up' or 'to raise up'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-EL-thay-tie

Translations: let them enter, they may enter, they should enter, they might enter

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to go in', 'to come in', or 'to enter'. It describes the action of moving from an outside position to an inside one. This particular form is a subjunctive, indicating a potential, desired, or hypothetical action, often translated with 'may', 'might', 'should', or 'let them'. It is used for commands, exhortations, or expressing possibility.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G2089

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EH-tee

Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LOON-tos

Translations: of speaking, of talking, of saying, of proclaiming

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'laleō', meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It describes someone who is in the act of speaking or has just spoken. In this form, it is a genitive singular participle, often translated as 'of one speaking' or 'while speaking'. It can refer to a person, a voice, or a message being uttered.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-los

Translations: crowd, multitude, throng, mob, a crowd, a multitude

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, often an unorganized or disorderly group. It can denote a general multitude or a specific crowd, such as a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to move' or 'to stir up', suggesting a restless or agitated mass of people.

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1448

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ENG-ghee-sen

Translations: he approached, it approached, he drew near, it drew near, he came near, it came near

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'εγγίζω' (engizo), meaning 'to draw near' or 'to approach'. It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that someone or something came close to another person or object. It is often used to describe physical proximity or the imminence of an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G5370

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-LEE-mah-tee

Translations: kiss, a kiss, (to) a kiss, (to) the kiss

Notes: This word refers to a kiss. In its dative form, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done, or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'by means of a kiss' or 'to a kiss'. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to a greeting or a betrayal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΗΜΑ (philema) comes from the verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love' or 'to kiss'. It refers to an act of affection or greeting.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DI-doss

Translations: you deliver, you hand over, you betray, you entrust, you commit, you give up

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and the verb δίδωμι (didomi, 'to give'). It means to hand over, deliver, or transmit something or someone. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a person into custody, handing over a tradition, or even betraying someone. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the act of giving power, delivering something by number and weight, and God delivering a land.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ay-DON-tes

Translations: having seen, when they saw, who saw, they saw

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οραω' (horao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It often conveys the sense of 'having seen' or 'when they saw' something, indicating a completed action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-SOH-meh-non

Translations: about to be, that which is to be, future, coming, a future thing

Notes: This word is a future participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is 'about to be' or 'destined to be'. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'that which is to be' or 'the future'. It conveys a sense of impending existence or an event that will certainly occur.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Future Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΩΝ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G3162

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ma-KHAIR-ay

Translations: sword, a sword, (to) a sword, (with) a sword, (by) a sword

Notes: This word refers to a sword or a dagger, a short sword, or a knife. It is a common term for a weapon used for cutting or thrusting. In the provided context, it is used to indicate the instrument by which an action is performed, such as 'I will destroy with my sword'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It refers to a short sword or dagger.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs

Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, especially the head of the Jewish priesthood. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Jewish high priest or members of the high-priestly family. It is used to denote authority and leadership within the religious hierarchy.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ' is a compound of 'ΑΡΧΗ' (arche), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-lon

Translations: slave, a slave, servant, a servant

Notes: This word refers to a slave or a servant. In ancient contexts, a 'slave' was someone who was owned by another person and compelled to serve them, often without pay. A 'servant' could be a broader term, sometimes referring to someone who willingly serves another, often in a position of humility or devotion, such as a servant of God. It is often used to describe a person in a position of subservience or obedience.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apokrinomai', meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning adverbially to indicate that someone spoke in response to something. It is frequently used in narrative contexts to introduce a character's response.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

G0680

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-SAH-me-nos

Translations: having touched, touching, having taken hold of, taking hold of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἅπτω' (hapto), meaning 'to touch' or 'to take hold of'. It describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often indicating a close physical or metaphorical connection. It is frequently used to describe someone who has made contact with something or someone, often with the implication of affecting or being affected by that contact. For example, it can refer to touching a person, an object, or even a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΙΓΩΝ, ΕΦΑΨΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ge-no-ME-nous

Translations: having come, having arrived, having appeared, having been present

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι' (paraginomai), meaning 'to come alongside, to arrive, to be present'. It describes someone or something that has arrived or become present. It is used to indicate an action that has already taken place, often preceding the main action of the sentence. The word is formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G4245

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roos

Translations: elders, old men, presbyters

Notes: This word refers to older men, often those who hold positions of authority, leadership, or respect within a community or religious group. In a Christian context, it can specifically refer to church leaders or presbyters. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the elders are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ

Etymology: From πρέσβυς (presbys, “old, elder”), which is related to πρό (pro, “before”) and possibly to βῆμα (bēma, “step, pace”). It originally referred to an older person and later to an ambassador or delegate, and then to an elder or leader.

G3027

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lays-TANE

Translations: robber, bandit, brigand, revolutionary, a robber, a bandit

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΛΗΣΤΗΝ (lēstēn), which is the accusative singular form of the noun ΛΗΣΤΗΣ (lēstēs). It refers to a robber, bandit, or brigand, often implying someone who uses violence. In some contexts, it can also refer to a revolutionary or insurgent.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΠΤΗΣ, ΑΡΠΑΞ

Etymology: The word ΛΗΣΤΗΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ληίζομαι (lēïzomai), meaning 'to plunder' or 'to seize as booty'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EEL-tha-tai

Translations: has gone out, has come out, has proceeded, has appeared

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect indicative, middle/passive voice of the verb 'ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject acting for itself or experiencing the action, while in the passive voice, the subject receives the action. In this perfect tense form, it describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It is often used to describe someone or something having departed from a place, or a message/prophecy having been revealed or come forth.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Perfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tos

Translations: of being, of existing, of that which is, of a being, of an existing thing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be'. It describes something that is in the state of being or existing. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or a descriptive quality, translating to 'of being' or 'of an existing one'. It can refer to a person, thing, or concept that exists.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-ah

Translations: authority, power, right, jurisdiction, control, a right, a power

Notes: This word refers to the right or privilege to act, the power to govern or control, or the authority to make decisions. It can denote delegated authority, inherent power, or freedom of choice. It is often used in contexts of legal or moral right, or the ability to exercise dominion over something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is permitted' or 'it is possible'. It combines the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb εἶναι (einai), meaning 'to be'.

G4815

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soo-lah-BON-tes

Translations: seizing, arresting, helping, assisting, taking together, having seized, when they had seized

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (to take, to seize). It means to take or seize together, to arrest, or to help/assist someone. As a participle, it describes an action that occurs alongside or before the main verb, often translated as 'having seized' or 'when they had seized'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GAH-gon

Translations: I led, I brought, they led, they brought

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ago' (ἄγω), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The form 'ēgagon' (ἡγαγον) can function as either the first person singular ('I led/brought') or the third person plural ('they led/brought') depending on the context. It describes a completed action in the past, often referring to the act of guiding, conducting, or bringing someone or something from one place to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩΓΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'ago' (ἄγω) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek with a wide range of applications related to movement and leading.

G190

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ko-LOO-thee

Translations: followed, was following

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ' (AKOLOUTHEO), meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. For example, it would be used to say 'he/she/it was following' or 'he/she/it followed' in a continuous sense.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ' (AKOLOUTHEO) is derived from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together with' or 'like', and 'κέλευθος' (keleuthos), meaning 'a way' or 'a path'. Thus, it literally means 'to be on the same path' or 'to go along with'.

G3113

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-kro-THEN

Translations: from afar, from a distance, far off

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating distance, meaning 'from afar' or 'from a distance'. It describes an action or state that originates from a distant point or occurs at a significant remove. It can be used to describe someone seeing something from far away, or an event happening at a distance.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΤΗΛΕ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΜΑΚΡΟΣ (makros), meaning 'long' or 'far'. The suffix -θεν indicates origin or direction 'from'.

G4026

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-ap-SAN-tohn

Translations: having kindled, having lit, having fastened, having attached

Notes: This word is a compound verb, combining 'περί' (around, about) and 'ἅπτω' (to fasten, to light). It describes the action of kindling or lighting something, often implying that it is done around or for a specific purpose, or attaching something around. In the provided context, it refers to the act of kindling a fire.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΤΩ, ΚΑΙΩ, ΑΠΤΩ

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poor

Translations: fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It is often used in contexts of burning, light, or judgment. The final apostrophe (keraia) indicates that this form is likely a numeral, specifically 800, but in the provided context, it functions as the noun 'fire'. The apostrophe could also be a coronis, indicating an elision, but 'ΠΥΡ' is a complete word on its own.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for fire in many other Indo-European languages.

G0833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ow-LEES

Translations: of a court, of a courtyard, of a sheepfold, of a palace, of a house

Notes: This word refers to an open space, typically a courtyard or an enclosed area. It can denote the courtyard of a house, a palace, or even a sheepfold. In a broader sense, it can refer to the entire house or dwelling, especially one with a prominent courtyard. It is used to describe a specific area, often central to a building or property.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑΣ, ΟΙΚΟΥ, ΑΥΛΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb αὔω (auō), meaning 'to blow' or 'to breathe', referring to an open space exposed to the air. It originally referred to a place where one could sleep outdoors, then an enclosed space like a courtyard.

G4776

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: soon-ka-thee-SAN-tone

Translations: of those who had sat down together, of those who sat together, of those who were sitting together

Notes: This word is a compound participle formed from 'συν' (with, together) and 'καθίζω' (to sit down). It describes an action of sitting down together with others. As a genitive plural participle, it functions to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating 'of those who had sat down together' or 'when they had sat down together'. It implies a shared action of taking a seat in a group.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΔΡΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΕΚΑΘΙΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΚΑΘΙΖΩ (kathizo), meaning 'to sit down'. ΚΑΘΙΖΩ itself comes from ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down', and ΊΖΩ (hizo), meaning 'to sit'.

G2521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KAH-thay-toh

Translations: was sitting, sat, was seated

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'kathēmai', meaning 'to sit' or 'to be seated'. It describes an action of sitting that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It can refer to someone being in a seated position or taking a seat.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ (kathēmai) comes from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down', and the verb ΗΜΑΙ (hēmai), meaning 'to sit'. It literally means 'to sit down'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G3814

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: py-DEES-kay

Translations: maid, a maid, servant girl, a servant girl, young woman, a young woman, slave girl, a slave girl

Notes: This word refers to a young female servant or slave, often a domestic worker. It can also simply mean a young woman or girl, especially one who is unmarried. It is used to describe a female attendant or a bondservant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΡΑΠΑΙΝΑ

Etymology: From PAIS (child, servant) and the diminutive suffix -ISKE. It originally referred to a young girl or child, and later came to mean a young female servant or slave.

G2521

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-THEE-meh-non

Translations: sitting, seated, one sitting, a sitting one, that which is sitting

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'sitting' or 'seated'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting or has taken a seated position. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting as a noun) meaning 'the one sitting' or 'that which is sitting'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G0816

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-teh-NEE-sa-sa

Translations: having looked intently, having gazed, having fixed one's eyes, having stared

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'atenizō', meaning 'to look intently' or 'to fix one's eyes upon'. As a participle, it describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence, often indicating the manner or cause of the main action. It conveys a sense of focused, unwavering attention.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'atenizō' is a compound of the prefix 'a-' (intensive, meaning 'fully' or 'completely') and 'teinō' (meaning 'to stretch' or 'to strain'). Thus, it literally means 'to stretch one's gaze' or 'to strain one's eyes'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense form that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing or having come to know. It can refer to knowing facts, understanding concepts, or being acquainted with people or things. It often implies a deep, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual acquaintance.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the English word 'wit'. It originally meant 'to have seen' (perfect tense of 'to see'), and thus 'to know' (from having seen).

G1024

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: BRA-khoo

Translations: short, brief, little, a little, for a short time, briefly, in a short time, by little, gradually

Notes: This word primarily means 'short' or 'brief', referring to duration of time or physical length. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as short or brief. When used adverbially, often with a preposition like 'κατά' (kata), it can mean 'briefly', 'for a short time', 'by little', or 'gradually'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'βραχύς' (brachys) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'short'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of shortness or brevity.

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ross

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another', specifically implying a qualitative difference or a different kind, as opposed to 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to distinguish one thing from another that is distinct in nature or type. For example, 'a different man' or 'another kind of thing'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'different'. It is related to Latin 'alter' and English 'other'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: having seen, when he saw, when they saw, seeing, looking, perceiving

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οράω' (orao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It often indicates the cause or circumstance of another action, such as 'having seen this, he did that'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ

G1340

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-iss-khoo-REE-zeh-toh

Translations: he was strongly asserting, she was strongly asserting, it was strongly asserting, he was insisting, she was insisting, it was insisting, he was maintaining, she was maintaining, it was maintaining

Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, middle or passive voice, third person singular. It means to strongly assert, insist, or maintain something with conviction. It is often used to describe someone who is vehemently defending a statement or belief, even in the face of opposition or disbelief. It is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly') and the verb ἰσχυρίζομαι (ischyrizomai, meaning 'to be strong' or 'to assert').

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΕΠΙΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ

Etymology: The verb ΔΙΙΣΧΥΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb ἰσχυρίζομαι (ischyrizomai), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to assert'. The root ἰσχυρίζομαι comes from ἰσχυρός (ischyros), meaning 'strong', which itself derives from ἰσχύς (ischys), meaning 'strength' or 'force'.

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LOO-tos

Translations: having been spoken, having been talked, having been said

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing a state or action that has been completed. It refers to something that has already been spoken or said, emphasizing the completed action and its resulting state. For example, it might be used to describe words that have already been uttered.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΙΡΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΛΕΛΑΛΗΜΕΝΟΣ

G5455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PHO-nee-sen

Translations: he called, he cried out, he spoke, he uttered

Notes: This word describes the action of making a sound with the voice, such as calling out, crying, or speaking. It is often used to indicate a distinct or emphatic vocalization, like someone calling a name or proclaiming a message. It can also refer to the sound made by animals, like a rooster crowing.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: From PHONOS (G5456), meaning 'a sound, a voice'.

G4762

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: stra-FEIS

Translations: having turned, having turned around, having returned, having been turned, having been changed

Notes: ΣΤΡΑΦΕΙΣ is a participle derived from the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, meaning 'to turn' or 'to turn around'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It can mean 'having turned' or 'having been turned,' depending on whether it's active or passive. It often implies a change of direction, position, or even a change in one's life or attitude.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G1689

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EB-lep-sen

Translations: looked at, looked into, looked intently, gazed upon, considered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ΕΝ' (in, into) and 'ΒΛΕΠΩ' (to see, look). It means to look intently at something or someone, to fix one's gaze upon, or to consider carefully. It implies a focused and often penetrating look, rather than a casual glance. It is used to describe an action of looking with purpose or deep attention.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΟΡΑΩ

G4250

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thoh

Translations: to go out, to come out, to depart, to leave, to come forth, to emerge

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (out of) and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (to come or go). It signifies the action of moving from an inside place to an outside one, or from one state/condition to another. It is frequently used to describe physical departure or emergence, but can also refer to things coming forth, such as words or ideas.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Its etymology traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to movement.

G4912

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-EH-khon-tes

Translations: holding, holding fast, holding together, holding back, restraining, pressing, afflicting, oppressing, seizing, being seized, being distressed, being constrained, being held

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συνέχω' (synechō), which means to hold together, to contain, to restrain, to press upon, or to be afflicted. It describes an action of holding, encompassing, or being constrained by something. Depending on the context, it can refer to physical restraint, emotional distress, or the act of keeping something together.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΙΕΖΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'συνέχω' (synechō) is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.' Thus, its core meaning relates to holding things together or having them in conjunction.

G4912

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-neh-KHON-tes

Translations: holding together, holding fast, pressing upon, constraining, afflicting, oppressing, seizing, being in distress, being in anguish, being held

Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine or feminine, nominative or accusative plural, derived from the verb 'συνέχω' (synechō). It describes an action of holding together, pressing upon, or being constrained or afflicted. It can refer to physical pressure, emotional distress, or being held in a particular state.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΛΙΒΟΝΤΕΣ

G1702

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-peh-zon

Translations: they mocked, they made sport of, they ridiculed, they scoffed at

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ' (empaízō), meaning 'to mock' or 'to ridicule'. It describes the action of making fun of someone, treating them with contempt, or playing a cruel joke on them. The prefix 'εν-' (en-) means 'in' or 'among', and 'παιζω' (paizō) means 'to play'. Thus, it literally means 'to play among' or 'to play with' someone in a derisive manner. In the provided context, it refers to a group of men mocking or ridiculing someone.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ, ΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ

G1194

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DEH-ron-tes

Translations: flogging, beating, skinning, flaying, those who flog, those who beat

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'δέρνω' (derno), meaning 'to flog' or 'to beat'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially, often translated as 'flogging' or 'beating'. It can also refer to 'those who are flogging' or 'those who are beating'. The primary sense is to strike repeatedly, often with a whip or rod, but it can also mean to skin or flay an animal.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΟΝΤΕΣ, ΜΑΣΤΙΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1905

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ay-ROH-tohn

Translations: they were asking, they were questioning, they were inquiring

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask' or 'to question'. It describes an action of seeking information or clarification from someone. It is often used in contexts where people are posing questions, sometimes with an implication of persistent or repeated questioning. It is a compound word formed from 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, to) and 'ΕΡΩΤΑΩ' (to ask).

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G3817

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pai-SAS

Translations: having struck, striking, beating, hitting, having beaten, having hit

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παίω' (paiō), meaning 'to strike,' 'to beat,' or 'to hit.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed or occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having struck' or 'striking' depending on the context, often indicating the agent of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ

Etymology: The verb 'παίω' (paiō) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, mimicking the sound of a blow. It is found in ancient Greek literature from Homer onwards.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G0987

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: blas-fay-MOON-tes

Translations: blaspheming, reviling, slandering, speaking evil, railing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'blaspheming' or 'reviling'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in speaking evil, slandering, or showing contempt, often towards God or sacred things, but also towards people. It can be used to describe an ongoing action of speaking abusively or disrespectfully.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-gon

Translations: they were saying, they said, they were telling, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they used to say'. It can also simply indicate a past action, 'they said' or 'they told'. It is commonly used to report speech or actions of a group of people in a narrative.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', often implying a deliberate or reasoned utterance.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EEKH-thay

Translations: was gathered together, was assembled, was collected

Notes: This word is the aorist passive form of the verb ΣΥΝΑΓΩ (synagō), meaning 'to gather together' or 'to assemble'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where a group or things were brought together by an external agent. It is often used to describe people assembling in one place.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΑΓΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΑΓΩ (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together'.

G4244

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-ree-on

Translations: presbytery, council of elders, body of elders, a presbytery, a council of elders, a body of elders

Notes: This word refers to a body or council of elders. In a religious context, it often denotes a group of church leaders or a governing body composed of elders. It can also refer to an assembly of older, respected individuals, such as a council of the people's elders or a senate.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΙΟΝ (presbyterion) is derived from the Greek word ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ (presbyteros), meaning 'elder' or 'older'. It refers to a collective body of such elders.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G0520

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ay-GAH-gon

Translations: they led away, they brought, they took away

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'apagō' (ἀπάγω). It means 'to lead away,' 'to bring,' or 'to take away.' It describes the action of moving someone or something from one place to another, often implying a forceful or official removal, such as leading a prisoner away or bringing someone before an authority. It is a compound verb formed from 'apo' (away from) and 'agō' (to lead).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ED-ree-on

Translations: council, a council, Sanhedrin, a Sanhedrin, assembly, an assembly

Notes: This word refers to a council or an assembly, particularly a judicial body. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish court in Jerusalem. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἕδρα' (seat).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting'. Thus, it literally means 'a sitting together' or 'an assembly of those sitting together'.

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOS

Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, the Messiah

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, or the Messiah. It is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed deliverer.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated or set apart by anointing, a practice common in ancient Israel for kings, priests, and prophets.

G1437, G1439

Part of Speech: Interjection, Verb

Sounds like: EH-ah

Translations: Ah!, Ha!, Let it be!, let, allow, permit, suffer, give leave

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As an interjection (ἔα), it expresses surprise, indignation, or a command to stop, similar to 'Ah!' or 'Ha!' in English. As a verb (ἐάω), it means 'to allow,' 'to permit,' 'to let,' or 'to suffer' something to happen. It is often used to indicate giving permission or not hindering an action.

Inflection: Interjection: Does not inflect. Verb: Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular (from ἐάω).

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The interjection ἔα is an onomatopoeic exclamation. The verb ἐάω comes from an unknown origin, possibly related to the root *h₂ew- 'to help, benefit'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-POH

Translations: to say, to speak, to tell

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to say,' 'to speak,' or 'to tell.' It is the aorist subjunctive form of the verb, often used to express a potential or desired action of speaking, or in clauses dependent on a main verb expressing command, purpose, or result. It is a common verb in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, All persons, All numbers

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: This word comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *wekw-, meaning 'to speak.' It is an aorist stem that functions as the aorist of the verb 'to say,' which otherwise uses forms from different roots (like ΛΕΓΩ or ΕΡΩ).

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-roh-TEE-soh

Translations: I will ask, I will question, I will request, I will inquire

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask' or 'to question'. It can also imply 'to request' or 'to inquire'. It is used when someone seeks information or makes a petition. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to the act of asking a question or making an inquiry.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From a presumed compound of ERO (to speak) and TAO (to stretch, extend). It originally meant to stretch out to speak, hence to ask or question.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G2380, G2378, G2372

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: THOO

Translations: to sacrifice, I sacrifice, a sacrifice, an offering, wrath, anger, passion, a number (400)

Notes: This word, 'ΘΥ', is a highly ambiguous form in Koine Greek due to the absence of diacritics in ancient manuscripts and its potential use as an abbreviation or numerical representation. It most commonly represents an elided or abbreviated form of words related to 'sacrifice' or 'wrath'. 1. **From ΘΥΩ (thyo):** It can be an abbreviation or truncated form of the verb 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer'. This verb describes the act of making an offering, often to a deity, which could involve killing an animal or presenting other gifts. For example, 'I sacrifice' or 'they sacrificed'. 2. **From ΘΥΣΙΑ (thysia):** It can be an abbreviation or truncated form of the noun 'sacrifice' or 'offering'. This refers to the act itself or the thing offered. For example, 'a sacrifice' or 'an offering'. 3. **From ΘΥΜΟΣ (thymos):** It can be an abbreviation or truncated form of the noun 'wrath', 'anger', or 'passion'. This refers to a strong emotional state, often negative. 4. **As a numeral:** In some contexts, 'ΘΥ' (Theta-Upsilon) could represent the number 400, as Greek letters were also used as numerals. However, this is less common in continuous text without a keraia (numerical mark).

Inflection: This form is highly ambiguous and could represent various inflections depending on the full word it abbreviates or elides. For ΘΥΩ, it could be a conjugated verb form (e.g., first person singular future active indicative 'I will sacrifice', or third person plural aorist active indicative 'they sacrificed'). For ΘΥΣΙΑ or ΘΥΜΟΣ, it could be a noun in various cases (e.g., Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative), singular or plural. It could also be a numeral.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ, ΟΡΓΗ, ΜΗΝΙΣ

G5532

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHREE-an

Translations: need, a need, necessity, use, service

Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'need,' 'necessity,' 'use,' or 'service.' It often appears in phrases like 'to have need of' something, indicating a requirement or a lack that needs to be filled. It can refer to a personal need, a practical use, or a necessary service.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΕΙΑ (chreia) comes from the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use, to need.' It is related to the concept of utility and what is necessary or useful.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-oh-men

Translations: we have, we hold, we possess

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In this specific form, it indicates that 'we' are the ones who have or hold something. It can be used in various contexts to express possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The Greek verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have, to overcome'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.

G3141

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mar-ty-REE-as

Translations: of testimony, of witness, of evidence, of a testimony, of a witness, of an evidence

Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence. It is used to describe a statement or declaration given by someone, often in a legal or formal context, to confirm a fact or event. It can also refer to the act of bearing witness or providing proof. In a religious context, it often refers to the witness given by martyrs or the testimony of God.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΣ

G4750