Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' The Jewish War / Book Six / Chapter 7Book Six, Chapter 7
Interlinear version from Josephus' The Jewish War (Beta)
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G4716
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: stah-see-as-TAI
Translations: rebels, insurgents, rioters, revolutionaries
Notes: This word refers to individuals who engage in rebellion, sedition, or civil strife. It describes people who are involved in an uprising or a violent disturbance against authority or the established order. It is used to denote those who cause division or factionalism.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΑΙ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΙΑΣΤΑΙ, ΤΑΡΑΧΟΠΟΙΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΣΤΑΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ (stasiastēs) is derived from the Greek word ΣΤΑΣΙΣ (stasis), meaning 'a standing, a party, a faction, sedition, rebellion'. It refers to someone who takes a stand or forms a faction, often in opposition to authority.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G0937
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KEEN
Translations: royal, a royal, kingly, a kingly, regal, a regal, imperial, an imperial
Notes: This word describes something that belongs to a king or is characteristic of a king. It can refer to a royal palace, a royal robe, or anything associated with royalty. It is often used to denote something of high status or importance due to its connection with a monarch.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
G3729
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: hor-MAY-san-tes
Translations: having rushed, having set out, having attacked, having charged, having urged on
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having rushed' or 'having set out with force'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often indicating a sudden or forceful movement, or an eager initiation of an action. It can be used to describe people who have launched themselves forward, either physically or metaphorically, towards a goal or against an opponent.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΟΡΜΑΩ (hormaō) comes from the noun ΟΡΜΗ (hormē), meaning 'a violent motion, impulse, or onset'. It describes a strong inner urge or outward rush.
G0833
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ow-LAYN
Translations: court, a court, courtyard, a courtyard, palace, a palace, fold, a fold
Notes: This word refers to an open space, often enclosed, such as a courtyard, a sheepfold, or even a palace. It can also denote the dwelling place itself, particularly a royal residence. In a broader sense, it can refer to any open area surrounded by buildings or walls.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΛΙΣ, ΟἸΚΙΑ, ΠΥΛΩΝ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-tah-tah
Translations: strength, a strength, security, a security, firmness, a firmness, stronghold, a stronghold, fortification, a fortification
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being strong, secure, or fortified. It describes the state of a place or structure that is difficult to attack or overcome, emphasizing its defensive capabilities or inherent stability. It can be used to describe the strength of a building, a defensive position, or even a concept like security.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ὈΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ἈΣΦΑΛΕΙΑ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ὈΧΥΡΟΤΗΤΑ' is derived from the adjective 'ὈΧΥΡΟΣ' (ochyros), meaning 'firm, strong, secure'. It is formed by adding the suffix '-της' (-tēs), which denotes a quality or state, to the root adjective.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOY
Translations: many, much, a lot of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can be used to say 'many people' or 'much time'. It often appears in the plural form to indicate a multitude.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΕΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G2933
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KTEE-sees
Translations: possessions, property, acquisitions
Notes: This word refers to things that are owned or acquired, such as property, wealth, or possessions. It is used to describe material goods or assets that belong to someone.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΠΕΡΙΟΥΣΙΑ
G0659
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PEH-then-toh
Translations: they put away, they laid aside, they stored up, they deposited
Notes: This is the third person plural, aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb ἀποτίθημι (apotithēmi), meaning 'to put away,' 'to lay aside,' or 'to store up.' It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, often with the implication that they did it for themselves (middle voice) or that the action was done to them (passive voice). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place.'
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΘΕΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAH-ee-oos
Translations: Romans
Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to denote the inhabitants or citizens of Rome, or more broadly, those associated with the Roman state. In the provided context, it is used to indicate the destination or object of an action involving the Romans.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: AP
Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TES
Translations: (of) her, her, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a form of the third-person pronoun 'autos'. It is used to refer to a singular feminine noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from the context. It indicates possession or is used after prepositions that require the genitive case. For example, it could mean 'her' (as in 'her house') or 'of her'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G5167
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TREH-pon-tai
Translations: they turn, they turn around, they are put to flight, they are routed, they flee
Notes: This word means to turn, to change direction, or to cause something to turn. In a military context, it often means to put an enemy to flight or to rout them. It can also imply a change of mind or a turning towards or away from something.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4863
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: soon-ay-THROY-smeh-non
Translations: gathered together, assembled, collected, a gathered one, an assembled one
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'συναθροίζω' (synathroizō), meaning 'to gather together' or 'to assemble'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been gathered or assembled. It indicates a state of having been brought together.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΓΜΕΝΟΝ, ΣΥΝΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΑ
G0844
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OW-toh-thee
Translations: there, in that very place, on the spot
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in that very place' or 'on the spot'. It emphasizes the exact location being referred to, indicating something happening or existing precisely at that point. It is used to specify a location without further elaboration.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚΕΙ͂, ἘΝΤΑΥ͂ΘΑ
Etymology: From the pronoun ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos, 'self, same') and the locative suffix -ΘΙ (-thi), indicating 'place where'.
G1218
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: too-DEH-moo
Translations: (of) the people, (of) a people, (of) the populace, (of) a populace, (of) the common people, (of) a common people
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'δῆμος' (dēmos), meaning 'people' or 'populace'. It refers to the general body of citizens or inhabitants of a place, often implying the common people or the assembly of citizens. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the will of the people' or 'from the people'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to δαίω (daiō, 'to divide'). It refers to a division of the population or land, which evolved to mean the people themselves, especially the common people or a local district.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G5407
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: foh-NEH-oo-sahn-tes
Translations: having murdered, having killed, having slain
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to murder' or 'to kill'. It describes an action that has already been completed by the subject, indicating that they are the ones who have committed the act of killing or murdering. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'having killed' or 'the ones who killed'.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tas
Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
G3758
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: ok-tah-KIS-khee-lee-oos
Translations: eight thousand
Notes: This word is a compound numeral meaning 'eight thousand'. It is used to quantify a group of eight thousand units, typically people or things. For example, it might be used to describe the number of soldiers or inhabitants.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek terms: οκτάκις (oktakis), meaning 'eight times', and χίλιοι (chilioi), meaning 'thousand'.
G5071
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: tet-ra-KO-see-oos
Translations: four hundred
Notes: This word means 'four hundred'. It is used to indicate a quantity of four hundred units of something, typically modifying a noun. For example, it could be used to say 'four hundred men' or 'four hundred sheep'.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix 'tetra-' meaning 'four' and 'kosioi' meaning 'hundred'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G5536
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRAY-ma-tah
Translations: money, wealth, goods, property, things, affairs
Notes: This word refers to money, wealth, or possessions. It can also broadly mean 'things' or 'affairs' in certain contexts, referring to matters or circumstances. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to money or financial resources.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ
G1283
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eer-PAH-san
Translations: plundered, they plundered, they seized as spoil, they carried off as plunder
Notes: This word describes the act of plundering, seizing, or carrying off something as spoil. It implies a forceful and often violent taking of possessions, typically after a conquest or attack. It is used to describe what a group of people did.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word διαρπάζω (diarpazō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize', 'to snatch', or 'to carry off'. The prefix διά intensifies the action of seizing, implying a thorough or complete plundering.
G2222
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-ZOH-gray-san
Translations: they captured alive, they took alive, they took captive
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΖΩΓΡΕΩ (zōgreō). It means 'they captured alive' or 'they took captive'. It is a compound word derived from ΖΩΟΣ (zōos), meaning 'alive', and ΑΓΡΕΩ (agreō), meaning 'to hunt' or 'to catch'. It describes the act of capturing someone or something while they are still alive, often with the intention of keeping them as prisoners or for some other purpose.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΙΑΖΩ
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-ohn
Translations: of Romans, of the Romans
Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of the Romans' or 'belonging to the Romans'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: The word Ῥωμαῖος (Rhomaios) is derived from Ῥώμη (Rhōmē), the Greek name for Rome. It refers to an inhabitant of the city or empire of Rome.
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: meh-nip-PEH-ah
Translations: Menippean, of Menippus, a Menippean
Notes: This word refers to something or someone associated with Menippus, a Cynic philosopher from Gadara (3rd century BC). It is often used as a proper adjective or a noun to describe a person or a literary genre (Menippean satire) that is characteristic of or related to Menippus.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G3979
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: peh-ZON
Translations: on foot, by land, foot soldier, an infantryman, infantry
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is on foot, as opposed to being on horseback or by sea. As a noun, it refers to a foot soldier or infantryman. It can be used to describe travel by land or a group of soldiers who fight on foot.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΕΖΙΚΟΣ, ΠΕΖΗ
Etymology: From the root πεζός (pezos), meaning 'on foot', which is related to πούς (pous), meaning 'foot'.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G616
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-pos-FACKS-an-tes
Translations: having slaughtered, having slain, having cut the throat
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἀποσφάζω (aposfazo). It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb's action. It means 'having slaughtered' or 'having slain' someone or something, often implying a violent or decisive killing. It is a compound word, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'off,' and the verb σφάζω (sfazo), meaning 'to slaughter' or 'to cut the throat.'
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΦΑΖΩ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀποσφάζω (aposfazo) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'off,' and σφάζω (sfazo), meaning 'to slaughter' or 'to cut the throat.' The root σφάζω is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic.
G2112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: yoo-THEH-ohss
Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith
Notes: This word means 'immediately' or 'at once'. It is used to indicate that an action or event happens without delay, right after something else has occurred or been said. It emphasizes promptness and quickness.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the adjective ΕΥ̓ΘΥΣ (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct'. The adverbial form indicates a direct or immediate action.
G4951
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SY-ran
Translations: they dragged, they pulled, they drew
Notes: This is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΣΥΡΩ. The verb means to drag, pull, or draw, often implying force or violence. It is used to describe moving something or someone by pulling them along a surface, such as dragging a body or pulling a net.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΛΚΩ, ΣΠΑΣΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΡΩ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to draw' or 'to drag'.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G5618
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OH-sper
Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as
Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.
G1762
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb
Sounds like: EH-nee
Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in
Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.
Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)
Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ
G4983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SOH-mah-tee
Translations: to a body, to the body, to a person, to the person, to a slave, to the slave
Notes: This word refers to a body, whether human or animal, or even a collective body like a community. It can also refer to a person or, in some contexts, a slave. The form ΣΩΜΑΤΙ indicates the dative case, meaning it typically answers the question 'to whom?' or 'to what?' and often functions as an indirect object or indicates location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0297
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-MOO-noh-men-oy
Translations: defending, warding off, avenging, assisting, helping
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀμύνω', meaning to ward off, defend, or assist. It describes an action of protecting oneself or others, or retaliating against an attack. It can be used in contexts where someone is actively resisting an aggressor or coming to the aid of someone in need.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΑΛΕΞΩ, ΑΝΤΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hip-PYOOS
Translations: horseman, a horseman, rider, a rider
Notes: This word refers to a person who rides a horse, such as a horseman or a cavalry soldier. It is used to describe someone who is mounted on a horse, often in a military context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΤΗΣ, ΚΑΒΑΛΛΑΡΗΣ
Etymology: From ἵππος (hippos, “horse”) + -εύς (-eus, suffix forming agent nouns).
G5624
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-FEH-lee-mon
Translations: profitable, useful, advantageous, a profitable thing, a useful thing, an advantageous thing
Notes: This word describes something that is beneficial, advantageous, or profitable. It is used to indicate that something is helpful or serves a good purpose. For example, it might be used to describe advice that is beneficial or an action that yields a positive outcome.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ, ΣΥΜΦΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ὠφέλιμος (ōphelímos) comes from the verb ὠφελέω (ōpheléō), meaning 'to help, benefit, assist'. It is related to ὄφελος (óphelos), meaning 'advantage, profit'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G4991
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-tay-REE-an
Translations: salvation, deliverance, preservation, safety, a salvation
Notes: This word refers to salvation, deliverance, or preservation. It is often used in a spiritual sense to denote deliverance from sin and its consequences, but can also refer to physical safety or rescue. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ
G5295
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-thay-SEH-sthai
Translations: to lay down, to put under, to suggest, to advise, to propose, to recommend
Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb ὑποτίθημι (hypotithēmi). It means to place something under, to lay down, or metaphorically, to suggest, advise, or propose something. It implies offering counsel or putting forth an idea for consideration.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G0321
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-na-GHEH-tai
Translations: is led up, is brought up, is carried up, is taken up, is led back, is brought back, is carried back, is taken back, is restored, is put to sea, is set sail
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead up', 'to bring up', 'to carry up', or 'to take up'. It can also mean 'to lead back', 'to bring back', 'to carry back', 'to take back', or 'to restore'. In a nautical context, it means 'to put to sea' or 'to set sail'. It is used to describe movement upwards or backwards, or the act of departing by ship.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ἀνάγω (anagō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.
G4613
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: see-MOH-nah
Translations: Simon
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name Simon. It is used to identify individuals named Simon, such as Simon Peter, Simon the Zealot, or Simon of Cyrene, and functions as the direct object in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PINE
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive verb meaning 'to say', 'to speak', or 'to tell'. It is used to express the action of speaking or communicating something, often in a general sense without specifying the subject or object of the action. It can be used in various constructions, such as after verbs of commanding or desiring, or to express purpose.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΝ, ΛΑΛΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ
Etymology: ΕἸΠΕΙΝ is the aorist infinitive of the verb ΕἸΠΩ, which is a suppletive aorist form used with the present tense verbs ΛΕΓΩ and ΦΗΜΙ. Its origin traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to speaking or declaring.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle, Unknown
Sounds like: EKH-ohn-AR-dah-lah
Translations: having, holding, possessing, a having, a holding, a possessing
Notes: This word appears to be a compound or a misspelling. The first part, ἘΧΩΝ (ECHON), is the present active participle of the verb ἘΧΩ (ECHO), meaning 'to have,' 'to hold,' or 'to possess.' It is masculine, singular, and nominative. The second part, ἈΡΔΑΛΑ (ARDALA), is not a recognized Koine Greek word. It is highly probable that this word is either garbled, a severe misspelling, or a very obscure term. Without further context or clarification, the meaning of the combined form is unclear, though it would generally imply 'having something related to ardala' if ardala were a real word.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for ἘΧΩΝ); the second part is unknown.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nee
Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which
Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2232
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-geh-MO-nohn
Translations: of leaders, of rulers, of governors, of commanders
Notes: This word refers to those who lead, rule, or command. It is used to describe individuals in positions of authority, such as governors, military commanders, or heads of state. It is a genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of leaders' or 'belonging to rulers'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΩΝ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΩΝ
Etymology: From the verb ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead, to guide, to think, to consider'.
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-di-DOH-tai
Translations: is handed over, is delivered, is betrayed, is given up
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. In its passive form, as seen here, it means to be handed over, delivered, or given up, often in a context of surrender, betrayal, or tradition. It describes an action where something or someone is transferred from one party to another, sometimes against their will or for a specific purpose.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΤΑΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΟΤΑΙ
G2849
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb
Sounds like: koh-las-thee-SOH-meh-nos
Translations: about to be punished, who will be punished, to be punished
Notes: This word is a future passive participle, meaning 'about to be punished' or 'who will be punished'. It describes someone or something that is destined or expected to undergo punishment in the future. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or verbally, indicating a future action that will be done to the subject.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Future, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΗΘΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G1161, G0846
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: deh-ow-TOO
Translations: but of him, but of himself, but of it, but of her, but of herself
Notes: This word is a crasis (or elision) of the conjunction "δὲ" (de), meaning "but" or "and," and the genitive singular form of the pronoun "αὐτοῦ" (autou), meaning "of him," "of himself," "of it," "of her," or "of herself." The coronis (the smooth breathing mark over the alpha) indicates this elision. It is used to connect clauses or ideas, often introducing a contrast or continuation, while also referring back to a previously mentioned person or thing in the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter or Feminine
G3694
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: O-PI-so
Translations: behind, after, back, backward, afterwards
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'backwards', indicating direction or position. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' in terms of place or time. For example, it can refer to following someone or something, or to events that occur later.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek root *ὀπίς (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-reh
Translations: hands, a hand
Notes: This word refers to a hand, or more generally, to power, activity, or agency. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple hands. It can be used in various contexts, such as 'by the hand of God' or 'to lay hands on someone'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G1210
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: DAY-sas
Translations: having bound, binding, who bound
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, indicating an action completed in the past relative to the main verb. It describes someone who has performed the action of binding.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ
G5088
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TAI-nee-ah
Translations: band, ribbon, fillet, a headband, a strip, a plank
Notes: This word refers to a band, ribbon, or fillet, often used as a headband or for decorative purposes. It can also refer to a strip of material or even a plank of wood, depending on the context. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ, ΖΩΝΗ
Etymology: The word 'tainia' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ten-, meaning 'to stretch'. It refers to something stretched out, like a band or ribbon.
G3788
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oph-thal-MOOS
Translations: eyes
Notes: This word refers to the eyes, the organs of sight. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative senses, such as seeing with one's physical eyes or understanding something with the 'eyes' of the mind or heart. In the provided examples, it is used in contexts related to physical sight and divine illumination.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΒΛΕΜΜΑΤΑ
G0483
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: an-TEE-kroo-TON
Translations: opposite, facing, over against, of those opposite, of those facing
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'opposite' or 'facing'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'over against' or 'in front of'. In the provided form, it is a genitive plural, likely referring to 'those who are opposite' or 'those who are facing'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ
G4254
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: proh-ay-GAH-gen
Translations: led forth, brought forth, brought forward, went before, preceded, advanced, caused to go forward
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from πρό (before, in front of) and ἄγω (to lead, to bring). It means to lead or bring someone or something forward, to go before, or to advance. It can be used in contexts where someone is brought into public view, led to a specific place, or precedes others in action or time.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2776
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kah-rah-toh-MAY-son
Translations: about to behead, going to behead, having beheaded
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'κάρα' (kara), meaning 'head', and 'τέμνω' (temnō), meaning 'to cut'. It literally means 'to cut off the head' or 'to behead'. As a participle, it describes an action that is about to happen or has already happened, depending on the context and tense. In this form, it indicates someone who is about to behead or has beheaded.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΕΦΑΛΙΖΩ
G5348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FTHA-nee
Translations: he/she/it comes, he/she/it arrives, he/she/it reaches, he/she/it attains, he/she/it anticipates, he/she/it comes upon
Notes: This is the third person singular present active indicative form of the verb 'φθάνω'. It generally means to arrive, come, or reach a certain point or state. It can also imply anticipating or coming upon something unexpectedly. It is used to describe an action that is currently happening or a state that is currently being reached by a singular subject.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΗΚΩ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos
Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').
G1519, G3588
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Part of Speech: Prepositional Phrase
Sounds like: ice-TOOS
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis) meaning 'into' or 'to', and the definite article ΤΟΥΣ (tous), which is the masculine plural accusative form of 'the'. Together, ΕἸΣΤΟΥΣ indicates motion or direction 'into the' or 'to the' (plural masculine nouns), or it can denote purpose or result. It is used to show movement towards a place, person, or state, or to indicate a goal or outcome.
Inflection: Preposition with Accusative Plural Masculine Definite Article
G1333
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-fyoo-GOHN
Translations: having escaped, having fled through, escaping, fleeing through
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb φεύγω (pheugo), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. Therefore, it means 'to flee through' or 'to escape completely'. It describes an action of successfully getting away from a dangerous situation or place. It is used to describe someone who has accomplished an escape.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩΝ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩΝ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3745
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OH-soh
Translations: as much as, as many as, how much, how many, whatsoever, whosoever, all that, (to) as much as, (to) as many as
Notes: This word is a relative adjective, indicating quantity or extent. It means 'as much as' or 'as many as' and is used to refer to a quantity or number that is equal to or corresponds with another. It can also be translated as 'whatsoever' or 'whosoever' when referring to an indefinite amount or group. It is often used in a dative construction to indicate 'to' or 'for' a certain amount or number.
Inflection: Dative, Singular, Neuter; or Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΣΟΙ, ΟΣΑ
G3571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: XEE-foss
Translations: sword, a sword
Notes: This word refers to a sword, a weapon typically used for cutting or thrusting. It is commonly used in narratives describing battles, combat, or the carrying of arms. It can also be used metaphorically to represent conflict, judgment, or authority.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ
Etymology: The word "ξίφος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cut' or 'to pierce'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.
G4685
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-PA-sa-to
Translations: drew out, pulled out, unsheathed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to draw out' or 'to pull out'. It is often used in the context of drawing a sword or other weapon from its sheath. It describes the action of extracting something with force or effort.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'pulling' or 'drawing'.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-yoss
Translations: Jewish, a Jew, a Judean, a Judean man
Notes: This word refers to someone who is Jewish, either by ethnicity or religion, or a resident of Judea. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'Jewish' or as a noun to refer to 'a Jew' or 'a Judean'. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes between those who follow Jewish law and customs and those who do not.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It came to denote a member of the Jewish people.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G1333
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-fyoo-GON-tah
Translations: having escaped, having fled through, having gotten away, having gotten clear
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having escaped' or 'having fled through'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating the subject successfully avoiding danger or getting away from a situation. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (through, across) and 'φεύγω' (to flee, escape).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΚΦΥΓΟΝΤΑ, ΑΠΟΦΥΓΟΝΤΑ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-OHN
Translations: of enemies, of adversaries, of foes
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone, often translated as 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. It is the genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, so it typically translates as 'of enemies' or 'belonging to enemies'. It is used to describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΩΝ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΩΝ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΩΝ
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-LEIN
Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Depending on the context, it can mean to take something up, to remove or take away, or more commonly, to destroy or kill someone. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, to seize').
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G5278, G5103
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Part of Speech: Verb, Proper Noun
Sounds like: hoo-peh-MEI-nen-TI-tos
Translations: Titus endured, Titus remained, Titus persevered, Titus waited patiently
Notes: This word is a compound of the verb 'ὑπέμεινεν' (hypemeinen) and the proper noun 'Τίτος' (Titos). 'Ὑπέμεινεν' is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ὑπομένω' (hypomeno), meaning 'to remain under,' 'to endure,' 'to persevere,' or 'to wait patiently.' 'Τίτος' is the Greek form of the Roman proper name 'Titus'. Therefore, the compound word means 'Titus endured' or 'Titus persevered'. This construction is unusual for Koine Greek, as proper nouns are typically not directly appended to verbs in this manner to form a single word. It is highly probable that this is a scribal error or a misspelling where the two words should have been written separately.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative (for ΥΠΕΜΕΙΝΕΝ); Singular, Nominative (for ΤΙΤΟΣ)
G0370
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-NAX-ee-on
Translations: unworthy, unsuitable, unfitting, an unworthy thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as not deserving or not suitable for a particular purpose, position, or honor. It implies a lack of merit or fitness. It can be used to describe actions, people, or objects that fall short of a required standard.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΣ, ἈΚΑΤΑΛΛΗΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. Thus, it literally means 'not worthy'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G4757
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tayn
Translations: soldier, a soldier
Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army. It is used to describe someone who serves in military service. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the person being acted upon or referred to.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΣΤΗΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΗΣ
G2919
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: KREE-nas
Translations: having judged, having decided, having separated, having discerned
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'to judge' or 'to decide'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject before the time of the main verb in the sentence. It can also mean 'having separated' or 'having discerned'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΣΑΣ, ΚΡΙΤΗΣ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ZOHN
Translations: living, alive, a living one, the living one
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently living or alive. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the living God'), or as a noun itself, referring to 'a living one' or 'the living one'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΣ, ΕΝΕΡΓΗΣ
Etymology: The word 'ζάω' (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to life or living.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LEEF-thay
Translations: was taken, was received, was seized, was caught, was obtained
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' In this passive form, it indicates that the subject was the recipient of the action, meaning 'he/she/it was taken,' 'was received,' or 'was seized.' It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OP-lah
Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs
Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ
Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.
G0851
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-FEI-leh-toh
Translations: took away, removed, cut off, abolished, deprived
Notes: This verb means to take away, remove, or cut off. It can also imply depriving someone of something. It is often used in contexts where something is being separated or withdrawn from a person or thing, sometimes with force or authority.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G5001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TAHG-mah-tos
Translations: (of) order, (of) arrangement, (of) a division, (of) a company, (of) a troop
Notes: This word refers to an orderly arrangement, a fixed succession, or a division or company of soldiers. It is used to describe things that are set in a particular order or sequence, or a group that is organized in a specific way, such as a military unit. The form provided is the genitive singular, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΣ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ
G1544
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-EH-bah-len
Translations: he cast out, he threw out, he drove out, he sent out, he expelled
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἐκβάλλω (ekballō), which means to cast out, throw out, drive out, or send out. It describes the action of forcefully removing someone or something from a place, position, or state. It can be used in various contexts, such as expelling demons, sending out workers, or throwing something away.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ
G0537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-per
Translations: all, every, whole, a whole
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΑΠΑΣ' (apas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to describe a collective totality, indicating that something applies to every single part or the entire group. It often functions as a pronoun or an adjective, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies or refers to.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ
G0153
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-nay-SKHOO-noh-meh-noh
Translations: was ashamed, was put to shame, was disgraced, was humiliated
Notes: This is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb αἰσχύνομαι (aischynomai), meaning 'to be ashamed' or 'to be put to shame'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It indicates that the subject was experiencing shame or being shamed by others.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Singular, First Person
Synonyms: ἘΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑἸΣΧΥΝΩ
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAH-nah-TOO
Translations: (of) death, (of) a death
Notes: This word refers to the state of being dead, the cessation of life, or the end of existence. It is often used to describe physical death, but can also refer to spiritual death or separation. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of death' or 'delivered from death'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to die'.
G5467
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kha-le-PO-te-ra
Translations: harsher, more difficult, more grievous, more severe, more troublesome, more dangerous
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'chalepos', meaning 'difficult' or 'harsh'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of difficulty, harshness, or severity. It can be used to describe things that are more troublesome, more grievous, or more dangerous than something else. For example, one might speak of 'more difficult tasks' or 'harsher punishments'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine, Comparative Degree
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΤΕΡΑ, ΒΑΡΥΤΕΡΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G1836
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ex-ACE
Translations: next, following, in a row, in succession, consecutively, thereafter, subsequently
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'next' or 'in succession'. It is used to indicate that something follows in order, either spatially or temporally. For example, it can describe events happening one after another, or items arranged consecutively.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΦΕΞΗΣ, ΚΑΘΕΞΗΣ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ἑξῆς, which is related to ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It conveys the idea of 'holding out' or 'following out' in sequence.
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-oy
Translations: Romans, a Roman
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to denote the people collectively or individually. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to the Roman people or officials.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G5157
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: TREP-sah-meh-noy
Translations: having turned, having put to flight, having routed, having changed, having converted
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'τρέπω' (trepo). It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject either turned themselves, or caused something to turn, or put an enemy to flight. It can imply a change in direction, a turning away, or a decisive victory in battle where enemies are routed.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΤΡΕΠΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ
G3027
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lees-TAS
Translations: robbers, bandits, brigands
Notes: This word refers to robbers, bandits, or brigands. It describes someone who commits robbery, often with violence, and can be used to refer to a group of such individuals. In the provided context, it is used as the direct object, indicating those who are brought upon others.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΠΤΗΣ, ΑΡΠΑΞ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2736, G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-TOH-po-leh-ohs
Translations: of the lower city, of the lower part of the city
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'κάτω' (kato), meaning 'down' or 'below', and 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city'. It refers to the lower part or section of a city. It is used to describe something belonging to or originating from the lower city.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: A compound word derived from the Greek adverb ΚΑΤΩ (kato), meaning 'down' or 'below', and the noun ΠΟΛΙΣ (polis), meaning 'city'.
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.
G4611
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: see-LOH-ah
Translations: Siloam
Notes: Siloam refers to a pool and a tower in Jerusalem. The Pool of Siloam was a rock-cut pool on the southern slope of the City of David, fed by the Gihon Spring via Hezekiah's Tunnel. It is mentioned in both the Old and New Testaments, notably in John 9 where Jesus heals a blind man. The Tower of Siloam is mentioned in Luke 13:4 as a structure that fell and killed eighteen people.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Siloam' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Shiloach' (שִׁלֹחַ), meaning 'sending forth' or 'sent'. This refers to the water sent forth from the Gihon Spring into the pool.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1718
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-NEH-pray-san
Translations: they burned, they set on fire, they consumed by fire
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'empiprēmi'. It means 'they burned' or 'they set on fire'. It describes an action of causing something to be consumed by fire, often with destructive intent. It can be used in sentences to describe groups of people burning cities, objects, or other things.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΟΩ, ΦΛΕΓΩ
Etymology: The word 'ἐμπιπράω' (empipraō) or 'ἐμπρήθω' (emprēthō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb 'πίμπρημι' (pimprēmi), meaning 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. The prefix intensifies the action of burning.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: It's difficult to approximate due to its unknown nature, but based on the letters, it might sound like 'ah-STEH-oh-SEE-don-toh'.
Translations: unknown
Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It appears to be a garbled or badly misspelled word, or possibly a very rare or unique compound that is not attested in standard Koine Greek lexicons or texts. It might be a scribal error or a highly specialized term from a very specific context. The ending '-ONTO' could suggest a third-person plural imperfect or aorist middle/passive verb ending, but the preceding 'ἈΣΤΕΟΣΗΔ' does not correspond to any known Greek root or stem that would form a coherent word.
Inflection: Unknown
G1159
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dah-pah-noh-MEH-noo
Translations: (of) spending, (of) consuming, (of) being spent, (of) being consumed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dapanaō', meaning 'to spend' or 'to consume'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action or state, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it indicates something that is 'being spent' or 'being consumed'. It can refer to resources, time, or even oneself.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΟΜΕΝΟΥ
Etymology: The word 'dapanaō' comes from 'dapanē' (cost, expense), which is related to 'daptō' (to devour). It refers to the act of expending resources.
G0726
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: har-pa-GOHN
Translations: robber, plunderer, extortioner, a robber, an extortioner
Notes: This word refers to a robber, a plunderer, or an extortioner. It describes someone who seizes things by force, often violently or greedily. It can be used to describe individuals who take what is not theirs through illicit means, whether by open robbery or by oppressive extortion.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΗΣΤΗΣ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΚΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the verb ἀρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize, snatch away, carry off by force'.
G264
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ee-mar-TAH-non
Translations: they were sinning, they were erring, they were missing the mark, they were failing
Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect active indicative, third person plural. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. The verb means 'to sin,' 'to miss the mark,' 'to err,' or 'to fail.' The prefix 'δι-' (di-) intensifies the meaning, suggesting a complete or thorough failure or sin. It would be used in a sentence like 'they were continually sinning' or 'they were completely missing the point.'
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
Etymology: The root verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to miss' or 'to fail.' The prefix δι- (di-) is derived from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely,' intensifying the action of the verb.
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: ep-AY-day
Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: PANTH
Translations: unknown
Notes: The word "ΠΑΝΘ" does not appear to be a complete word in Koine Greek. Based on the provided examples, it is most likely a stem or an incomplete form of another word. For instance, in the first two examples, it appears as part of "ΠΑΝΘΗΡ" (panther), which is a noun. In the third example, "ἘΛΙΠΑΝΘΗ" (elipanthē) is a verb meaning "he grew fat" or "he became fat." Therefore, "ΠΑΝΘ" itself is not translatable and is likely a fragment or a misspelling.
Inflection: Unknown
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: proh-keh-NOON-tes
Translations: emptying out beforehand, making empty in advance, making void in advance
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in advance', and the verb 'κενοό' (kenoo), meaning 'to empty' or 'to make void'. As a participle, it describes an action of emptying or making void that happens in advance or beforehand. It functions adjectivally or adverbially, describing someone or something that is performing this action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
G0390
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-KHO-roon
Translations: they were withdrawing, they were departing, they were retiring, they were going away
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person plural form of the verb 'ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action of withdrawing, departing, or going away, performed by a group of people in the past. It implies a movement away from a place or situation, often for safety, privacy, or to avoid conflict.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ
G0507
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AN-oh
Translations: up, above, upward, up to, on high, heaven
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating direction or location. It means 'up', 'upward', or 'above', often referring to a higher place or position, including heaven. It can be used to describe movement towards a higher point or simply being located in a higher place.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΝΩΘΕΝ, ἘΠΑΝΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *an- 'on, upon'. It is related to other Greek words indicating upward movement or position.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G1063, G0846
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: gar-OW-toys
Translations: for them, for to them, for themselves, for to themselves, for these
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'γάρ' (gar), meaning 'for' or 'because', and the dative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos), meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to introduce a reason or explanation for a preceding statement, specifically relating to 'them' or 'themselves'. It can be translated as 'for them' or 'for to them', depending on the context.
Inflection: Compound word: 'γάρ' (does not inflect); 'αὐτοῖς' (Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter)
G3341
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-TAH-noy-ah
Translations: repentance, a repentance, change of mind, conversion
Notes: This word refers to a change of mind, a turning around, or a conversion. It implies a fundamental shift in one's thinking, attitude, or direction, often leading to a change in behavior. It is frequently used in a religious context to denote a turning away from sin and towards God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΝΟΙΑ is a compound word derived from the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'after' or 'with', and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'. Thus, it literally means 'to think differently afterwards' or 'a change of mind'.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: oo-DEH-mee-ah
Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, not one, not any, no
Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'not any.' It is used to express absolute negation, emphasizing the complete absence of something or someone. It functions similarly to 'not a single one' and is often used to modify nouns or stand in for them, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to or replaces.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ
G2556
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-KOHN
Translations: (of) bad things, (of) evils, (of) calamities, (of) troubles
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ', meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. When used substantively, as it often is in the genitive plural, it refers to 'evils', 'calamities', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are harmful, morally corrupt, or cause distress. It can be used to describe the source or nature of something negative.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It is related to words signifying 'to hurt' or 'to wound'.
G212
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lah-zo-NEH-yah
Translations: boasting, arrogance, presumption, ostentation, pride, a boasting, an arrogance
Notes: This word refers to empty boasting, arrogance, or pretentious display. It describes the behavior of someone who makes a show of their possessions, knowledge, or status, often without genuine substance. It is generally used in a negative sense, implying a conceited and self-important attitude.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ὙΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ, ΚΑΥΧΗΣΙΣ, ΤΥΦΟΣ
Etymology: From ἀλαζών (alazōn, "boaster"), which is related to ἀλάομαι (alaomai, "to wander, to roam"), suggesting a wandering or aimless talker.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G0018
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-ga-THOYS
Translations: (to) good, (for) good, (with) good, (by) good, (to) beneficial, (for) beneficial, (with) beneficial, (by) beneficial, (to) virtuous, (for) virtuous, (with) virtuous, (by) virtuous
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'good', 'beneficial', or 'virtuous'. It can refer to things that are good in quality, morally good, or beneficial in effect. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it indicates the indirect object or means, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', or 'by', referring to multiple good things or people.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΙΣ
G2545
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-yoh-MEH-neen
Translations: burning, being burned
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΚΑΙΩ' (kaio), meaning 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that is in the process of being burned or is burning. In the provided context, it describes a 'furnace' as 'the burning one' or 'the one that is burning'.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΠΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΗΝ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: goon
Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate
Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).
G0872
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-foh-RON-tes
Translations: looking away, looking intently, fixing one's gaze, looking to, considering
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'looking away from' or 'fixing one's gaze upon' something or someone. It implies a focused attention, often to the exclusion of other things. It can be used to describe someone who is concentrating on a goal or a person, or who is turning their attention from one thing to another. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'away from') and the verb ὁράω (horao, 'to see').
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ἘΜΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἀφοράω is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ὁράω (horao), meaning 'to see'. It literally means 'to see away from' or 'to look away from', implying a focused gaze towards something specific.
G2431
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hee-LAH-roys
Translations: cheerful, joyful, glad, happy
Notes: This word describes someone or something as cheerful, joyful, or glad. It is used to express a state of happiness or good spirits. As an adjective, it modifies nouns and agrees with them in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΟΣ, ΧΑΙΡΩΝ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΩΝ
Etymology: From hilaros (cheerful), which is derived from hileos (gracious, propitious).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-SO-poys
Translations: to faces, to persons, to presences, with faces, with persons, with presences
Notes: This word refers to a face, a person, or a presence. It can also denote appearance or outward aspect. In a sentence, it is used to indicate the recipient of an action or the instrument by which something is done, often translated with 'to' or 'with'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
G2115
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-THOO-moy
Translations: cheerful, courageous, happy, joyful, good-spirited
Notes: This word describes someone who is cheerful, courageous, or in good spirits. It is often used to indicate a state of mind characterized by happiness, confidence, or a lack of fear, even in difficult circumstances. It can be used to describe people who are brave or optimistic.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩΝ, ΕΥ̓ΦΡΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ἹΛΑΡΟΣ
G4327
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-DEKH-es-thai
Translations: to wait for, to expect, to receive, to welcome, to accept
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. In its infinitive form, it means 'to wait for' or 'to expect' something or someone. It can also mean 'to receive' or 'to welcome' someone or something, often with an implication of readiness or anticipation.
Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ
G5056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: teh-LEF-teen
Translations: end, death, a death, outcome, result
Notes: This word refers to an end, completion, or conclusion of something. It can also specifically mean death, as the end of life. It is commonly used to describe the final outcome or result of an event or process. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object or the object of a preposition, indicating the termination of an action or state.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΕΞΟΔΟΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-leh-gon
Translations: they were saying, they said, they used to say
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people were in the process of speaking or had a habit of saying something.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G5407
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-foh-NEV-meh-noo
Translations: of one having been murdered, of one having been slain, of one having been killed
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been murdered' or 'having been slain'. It describes someone who has been killed, emphasizing the completed action and the state of being dead as a result of being murdered. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'the one who has been murdered'.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G3305
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MEN-too
Translations: certainly, indeed, of course, however, yet, nevertheless
Notes: This word is an adverb used to emphasize a statement, often meaning 'certainly' or 'indeed'. It can also function as a strong adversative conjunction, meaning 'however' or 'nevertheless', especially when contrasting ideas. It adds a sense of confirmation or strong opposition depending on the context.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΩΣ
Etymology: ΜΕΝΤΟΥ is a compound word formed from the particle μέν (men), which indicates emphasis or contrast, and the particle τού (tou), which adds a sense of certainty or affirmation. Together, they create a strong emphatic or adversative meaning.
G1218
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: day-MOO
Translations: of the people, of the populace, of the common people, of the district, of the land
Notes: This word refers to the people, especially the common people or populace, of a particular place or district. It can also refer to the district or land itself. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to the people' or 'from the land'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
G2545
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: keh-KAV-meh-noo
Translations: (of) having been burned, (of) having been consumed by fire
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, genitive singular, masculine or neuter, of the verb 'καίω' (kaio), meaning 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. It describes something that has already undergone the action of being burned or consumed by fire. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΥΡΩΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΜΠΕΠΥΡΩΜΕΝΟΥ
Etymology: The word 'καίω' (kaio) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to burn' or 'to shine'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to heat or fire.
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-oo
Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples
Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.
G5394
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: fleh-go-MEH-noo
Translations: of burning, of being burned, of being ablaze, of being inflamed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to burn' or 'to be inflamed'. It describes something that is currently in the process of burning or being consumed by fire. As a genitive participle, it often functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, or substantively, meaning 'of the one burning' or 'of that which is burning'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive or Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΦΛΕΓΩ (phlegō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to burn, to shine'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to fire or light.
G0799, G3367
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: as-TEH-os-MAY-den
Translations: nothing of a city, no city thing, nothing urban
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἈΣΤΕΟΣ' (asteos), the genitive singular of 'ΑΣΤΥ' (asty), meaning 'city' or 'town', and 'ΜΗΔΕΝ' (mēden), the neuter nominative/accusative singular of 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ' (mēdeis), meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. The combined word means 'nothing of a city' or 'no city thing', implying something that is not urban or does not pertain to a city. It would be used to describe something completely lacking in urban characteristics or relevance.
Inflection: Compound word, 'ἈΣΤΕΟΣ' is Genitive Singular, Neuter; 'ΜΗΔΕΝ' is Nominative or Accusative Singular, Neuter
G2641
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON-tes
Translations: leaving behind, forsaking, abandoning, deserting
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of leaving behind or forsaking. It can refer to 'those who have left behind' or 'having left behind'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oys
Translations: to enemies, to hostile ones, to foes
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war, commonly translated as 'enemies' or 'foes'. It is used here in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' these hostile parties.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΙΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3376, G3378
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: MAYN
Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly
Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.
Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ
Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.
G1065
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: GEH
Translations: indeed, at least, even, certainly, truly
Notes: This word is an emphatic particle used to add emphasis or certainty to a statement. It can highlight a particular word or phrase, often conveying a sense of 'at least,' 'even,' or 'certainly.' It is frequently used to strengthen an assertion or to draw attention to a specific detail.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΗ, ΚΑΙ, ΜΕΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΕ is of uncertain origin, possibly an ancient demonstrative particle.
G2501
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-OH-say-poss
Translations: Joseph
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the male personal name Joseph. It is a common name in biblical texts, appearing frequently in both the Old and New Testaments. It is used to identify individuals, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name ἸΩΣΗΠΟΣ (Iōsēpos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name יוסף (Yosef), meaning 'He will add' or 'May he add'. It was a very common name among Jews and was transliterated into Greek.
G1722, G2078
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: en-ES-kha-toys
Translations: in the last, in the uttermost, in the outermost, in the farthest, in the extreme
Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the adjective 'ἔσχατος' (last, outermost). It describes something located at the very end, the furthest point, or the most extreme position. It is used to indicate a location or state that is at the ultimate boundary or conclusion.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΣΤΑΤΟΣ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΙΟΣ
G2417
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ee-keh-TEH-oon
Translations: beseeching, supplicating, imploring, entreating, one who beseeches
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'hiketeuō', meaning 'to beseech' or 'to supplicate'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially, often translated as 'beseeching' or 'while beseeching'. It refers to the act of making an earnest and humble appeal to someone.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G3001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lay-psa-NON
Translations: of remains, of relics, of residue, of a remnant
Notes: This word refers to what is left over, such as remains, relics, or a remnant. It can describe the physical remains of something, like ruins or bones, or a surviving portion of a group or object. It is often used in a context where something has been destroyed or diminished, and only a part of it remains.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΜΜΑ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΜΜΑ
Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave, to abandon, to be wanting'. It refers to that which is left behind or remains.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-leh-ohs
Translations: (of) a city, (of) the city, city, a city
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'town'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of a city' or 'of the city'. For example, 'the walls of the city' or 'the people of the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G2577
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-AM-nen
Translations: was weary, was sick, was ill, was tired, was exhausted
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'κάμνω' (kamnō). It describes an ongoing state or action in the past, meaning 'to be weary,' 'to be sick,' or 'to be exhausted.' It implies a state of fatigue or illness that was happening over a period of time.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΑΩ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: POL-lah
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G5610
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-MO-tay-tah
Translations: cruelty, a cruelty, savagery, brutality
Notes: This word refers to the quality or state of being cruel, savage, or brutal. It describes extreme harshness or inhumanity in actions or character. It is used to denote acts of violence or severe treatment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΙΟΤΗΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ
G0763
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-seh-BEYE-ahn
Translations: ungodliness, impiety, wickedness, an ungodliness, an impiety, a wickedness
Notes: This word refers to a state or act of ungodliness, impiety, or wickedness. It describes a lack of reverence or respect for God, often manifesting as impious or immoral behavior. It is used to denote actions or attitudes that are contrary to divine law or moral principles.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΙΑ, ἈΔΙΚΙΑ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PONE
Translations: having said, saying, speaking, after saying
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having said' or 'after saying'. It describes an action that was completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, indicating that someone has spoken. For example, 'Having said this, he left.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΑΣΚΩΝ
G4183, G1161
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Conjunction
Sounds like: pol-LA-deh
Translations: but many, and many, but much, and much
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the adjective 'πολλά' (many/much) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but/and). It is used to connect clauses or sentences, often indicating a contrast or continuation, while also emphasizing a large quantity or degree. It can be translated as 'but many' or 'and many', depending on the context.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (for πολλά); Does not inflect (for δέ)
G4823
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: soom-boo-LEH-oo-sas
Translations: having advised, having counseled, having given counsel, one who advised
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative, aorist active participle of the verb ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ. It describes someone who has completed the action of advising or counseling. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'the one who advised,' or adverbially, indicating a prior action, 'having advised.'
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΣΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΣΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ (BOULEUŌ), meaning 'to counsel' or 'to plan.'
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEN
Translations: nothing, none, not any, no one
Notes: This word is a negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one' when used as a pronoun, and 'not any' or 'no' when used as an adjective. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the indefinite pronoun εἷς (heis, 'one'). It is used to express absolute negation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝΟΣ
G5512
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: khleh-vas-THEH-nai
Translations: to be mocked, to be ridiculed, to be scoffed at
Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'chleuazo'. It means 'to be mocked' or 'to be ridiculed'. It describes the action of being made fun of or treated with contempt by others. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to + verb' in English, indicating purpose or result.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLEH-on
Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides
Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.
G0667
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pee-NEN-kah-toh
Translations: carried away, brought back, bore away, took away
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb φέρω (pherō, 'to carry, to bear'). It means to carry something away, to bring something back, or to bear something away from a place. It implies movement from one point to another, often with the sense of removing or taking something with oneself.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΠΑΓΩ, ἈΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ἘΚΦΕΡΩ
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-DOO-nai
Translations: to hand over, to deliver, to give up, to betray, to entrust, to commit
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'παραδίδωμι'. It means to hand over something or someone, to deliver, or to give up. It can also carry the sense of betraying someone or entrusting something to another. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (beside, with) and 'δίδωμι' (to give).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3727
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OR-kon
Translations: oath, an oath
Notes: This word refers to a solemn promise or vow, often made with an appeal to a divine being or sacred object as a witness. It signifies a binding declaration that invokes a higher power to guarantee its truthfulness or fulfillment. It is used in sentences to denote the act of swearing or the promise itself.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the idea of a 'fence' or 'enclosure', suggesting something that binds or confines, thus a binding agreement or oath.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TOOS
Translations: themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the subject upon itself. For example, 'they save themselves'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G5278, G3777
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Part of Speech: Verb, Conjunction
Sounds like: hoo-peh-MEH-non-OO-teh
Translations: they were enduring, they were remaining, they were persevering, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed by the verb 'ΥΠΕΜΕΝΟΝ (hypemenon)' and the conjunction 'ΟΥ̓ΤΕ (oute)'. 'ΥΠΕΜΕΝΟΝ' is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'ὑπομένω' (hypomenō), meaning 'to remain, endure, or persevere'. 'ΟΥ̓ΤΕ' is a conjunction meaning 'neither, nor, or and not'. When combined, it means 'they were neither enduring' or 'they were not enduring and...'. This combination is common in Koine Greek where particles like 'oute' can be appended directly to the preceding word in continuous text.
Inflection: Verb: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural; Conjunction: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΩ, ΟΥΔΕ
G4170
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: po-le-MEIN
Translations: to make war, to fight, to contend
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make war' or 'to fight'. It describes the act of engaging in conflict or battle. It can be used in contexts ranging from physical combat to spiritual or ideological struggles.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΕΣΘΑΙ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G2470
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-SOO
Translations: of equal, of like, of the same, equal, like, the same
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'equal' or 'like'. It describes something that is the same in quantity, quality, or degree as something else. It can be used to compare two or more things, indicating their similarity or equivalence. For example, it might be used to say 'of equal value' or 'like in nature'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter or Feminine
Synonyms: ὉΜΟΙΟΣ
G4514
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys
Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans
Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.
G3634
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OY-oy
Translations: such as, what sort of, what kind of, what a
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe the quality or nature of something, often in an exclamatory or interrogative sense. It can mean 'such as' when referring to a quality already mentioned or implied, or 'what sort of' or 'what kind of' when asking about the nature of something. It can also be used to express admiration or surprise, similar to 'what a' in English.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G1557, G4016
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eer-KTEE-peh-ree-ee-LEE-meh-noy
Translations: enclosed in prison, imprisoned, confined
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'eirktē' (prison, enclosure) and 'perilambanō' (to encompass, surround, enclose). It describes someone who is literally 'enclosed in a prison' or 'surrounded by a prison', effectively meaning imprisoned or confined. It is used to describe a group of people who are in such a state.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ
G5407
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-NEH-oo-een
Translations: to murder, to kill, to slay
Notes: This verb means to murder or to kill, often with the implication of unlawful or intentional killing. It is used to describe the act of taking a life, whether human or animal, and can carry a strong moral connotation, especially in religious texts. It is typically followed by an accusative object, indicating who or what is being killed.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΟΝΕΥΩ comes from φόνος (phonos), meaning 'murder' or 'slaughter'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷhen-, which means 'to strike, kill'.
G1485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-thos
Translations: custom, habit, practice, a custom, a habit, a practice
Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or practice, something that is regularly done or observed. It describes a customary way of acting or a traditional practice within a community or by an individual. It is often used to refer to established traditions or religious observances.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swedh-, meaning 'custom, habit'. It is related to words signifying 'one's own' or 'peculiar to oneself', indicating something that is characteristic or habitual.
G2795
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KEE-nay
Translations: he was moving, she was moving, it was moving, he moved, she moved, it moved, he was stirring, she was stirring, it was stirring, he stirred, she stirred, it stirred, he was shaking, she was shaking, it was shaking, he shook, she shook, it shook, he was removing, she was removing, it was removing, he removed, she removed, it removed
Notes: This word means to move, stir, shake, or remove. It describes an action of causing something to change its position or state. It can be used to describe physical movement, or to stir up emotions or trouble. In the provided examples, it describes lips moving, and someone stirring up trouble or a commotion.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΑΛΕΥΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G1188
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: de-ksee-AS
Translations: (of) the right, (of) the right hand, (of) the right side, (of) a pledge, (of) an agreement
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'δεξιός' (dexios), meaning 'right' (as opposed to left), or the noun 'δεξιά' (dexia), meaning 'right hand' or 'right side'. It can also refer to a pledge or agreement, often symbolized by the giving of the right hand. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the sense of 'right hand' or 'right side' (as in 'cup of the right hand of the Lord') and also in the sense of 'pledges' or 'agreements' (as in 'giving pledges').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΝ
G4650
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: skid-NAH-meh-noy
Translations: scattered, dispersed, being scattered, being dispersed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'skidnymi', meaning 'to scatter' or 'to disperse'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in a state of being scattered or dispersed. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing an action.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΣΠΕΙΡΩ
Etymology: The word σκίδνημι (skidnymi) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the idea of splitting or separating.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G1715
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: em-PROS-then
Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously
Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.
G2058
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-REH-pee-oys
Translations: to ruins, in ruins, among ruins, on ruins
Notes: This word refers to ruins, remains, or a fallen structure. It is used to describe places or objects that have been destroyed or are in a state of decay. In this inflected form, it indicates location or direction towards ruins, often translated as 'to/in/among/on the ruins'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΜΜΑΤΑ, ΛΕΙΨΑΝΑ
G5257
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-peh-LOH-khon
Translations: undergoing, enduring, suffering, submitting, holding under, yielding
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ὑπέχω' (hypechō). It describes someone or something that is undergoing, enduring, suffering, or submitting to something. It can also mean to hold something under or to yield. It is used to describe an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'ὑπέχω' (hypechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to hold under'.
G0888
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: too-sah-oo-toh-moh-LEH-een
Translations: to desert, to go over to the enemy, to defect
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to desert' or 'to go over to the enemy'. It describes the act of abandoning one's own side or allegiance to join the opposing side, often in a military context. It is used to describe someone who becomes a defector.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ
G3729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hor-MAY-meh-noos
Translations: rushing, having rushed, having been set in motion, having been urged on, having been impelled
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, masculine plural, accusative case, derived from the verb 'ΟΡΜΑΩ'. It describes someone or something that has been set in motion, urged on, or has rushed forward with impetus. It implies a strong, often sudden, movement or impulse.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΜΗ
Etymology: The word 'ΟΡΜΑΩ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- 'to flow, to rush'. It is related to the noun 'ΟΡΜΗ' (hormē), meaning 'a rush, an impulse, an attack'.
G0251
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hay-LIS-kon-toh
Translations: they were being captured, they were being taken, they were being conquered
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be captured,' 'to be taken,' or 'to be conquered.' It is typically used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is undergoing the action of being seized or overcome. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken.' It is often considered a passive form of αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize,' though it has its own distinct stem in some tenses.
G616
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-pos-FATT-ton-tes
Translations: slaughtering, slaying, butchering, killing
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'slaughtering' or 'killing'. It describes an action that is ongoing or happening at the same time as another action. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb σφάττω (sphattō), meaning 'to slaughter' or 'to slay'. The prefix intensifies the action, implying a complete or decisive killing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀποσφάττω (aposphattō) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb σφάττω (sphattō), meaning 'to slaughter' or 'to slay'.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1729
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-DEH-ee-as
Translations: of need, of want, of lack, of poverty, of indigence, of destitution
Notes: This word refers to a state of deficiency, want, or poverty. It describes a situation where something is lacking or insufficient, often implying a state of destitution or indigence. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in) and 'δέω' (to lack).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΕΙΑ, ἘΛΑΤΤΩΜΑ, ἘΛΛΕΙΨΙΣ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G5343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FYOO-ghayn
Translations: to flee, to escape, to run away, to take flight
Notes: This word means to flee, escape, or run away. It describes the act of moving quickly away from a place or situation, often due to danger or fear. It can be used in contexts where someone is escaping from enemies, avoiding a difficult situation, or simply departing quickly.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: is-KHOO-on
Translations: they were able, they could, they had strength, they prevailed
Notes: This word describes the state of having strength, power, or ability to do something. It is often used to indicate that someone or something was capable of performing an action or overcoming a challenge. It can also imply prevailing or being strong enough to accomplish a task.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ἘΞΕΣΤΙΝ
G4496
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ehr-RIP-toon
Translations: they were throwing, they were casting, they were hurling
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'ῥίπτω' (rhiptō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. Thus, 'ἘΡΡΙΠΤΟΥΝ' describes an action like 'they were continuously throwing' or 'they used to throw'. It is used to describe a past action that was in progress or habitual.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word ῥίπτω (rhiptō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G0846, G2965
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Noun
Sounds like: OW-tone KOO-see
Translations: of them, to dogs, for dogs
Notes: This appears to be a compound of two separate Koine Greek words, 'ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ' (auton) and 'ΚΥΣΙ' (kysi), which have been concatenated. 'ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ' is the genitive plural form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos), meaning 'of them' or 'their'. 'ΚΥΣΙ' is the dative plural form of the noun 'ΚΥΩΝ' (kyon), meaning 'to dogs' or 'for dogs'. When combined, it would mean 'to their dogs' or 'for their dogs'. It is highly probable that the input word is a transcription error where two words were joined without a space.
Inflection: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ: Plural, Genitive, All genders; ΚΥΣΙ: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ, ΚΥΝΕΣΙΝ
G3498
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: NEK-roos
Translations: dead, the dead, dead ones
Notes: This word refers to something or someone that is dead. It is often used as an adjective to describe a person or thing, but it can also function as a noun, referring to 'the dead' collectively or 'dead ones'. It is used to describe a state of being without life.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΘΑΝΟΝ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΕΣ
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay
Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAS
Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole
Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pos
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, habit, character, conduct, turn
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or mode of doing something. It can also describe a custom, habit, or one's character and conduct. It is often used to describe how an action is performed or the nature of a person's behavior.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΗ, ΕΘΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb τρέπω (trepō), meaning 'to turn'. The noun refers to the way something turns or is directed, hence its meaning of 'manner' or 'way'.
G0684
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ap-oh-LEH-ee-as
Translations: of destruction, of perdition, of ruin, of waste, of loss
Notes: This word refers to a state of ruin, destruction, or loss. It can also signify perdition or eternal damnation. It is often used in contexts describing the complete undoing or perishing of something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ὈΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΦΘΟΡΑ, ΚΑΤΑΒΟΛΗ
G3042, G2895
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: lee-moo-koo-FO-teh-ross
Translations: lighter than famine, easier than famine, more bearable than famine
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'λιμός' (limos), meaning 'famine' or 'hunger', and 'κουφότερος' (kouphoteros), the comparative form of 'κοῦφος' (kouphos), meaning 'light' or 'easy'. Therefore, the word means 'lighter than famine' or 'easier/more bearable than famine'. It describes something that is less severe or more tolerable than the extreme hardship of famine.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G0560
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ap-ayl-pi-KO-tes
Translations: having despaired, having given up hope, having lost hope
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having despaired' or 'having given up hope'. It describes someone who has already reached a state of hopelessness. It is often used to describe a completed action of losing hope, with the resulting state of despair.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ἈΘΥΜΕΩ
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).
G1656
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-leh-on
Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity
Notes: This word refers to mercy, compassion, or pity. It describes a feeling of deep sympathy for someone in distress, often leading to an act of kindness or help. It is frequently used in a religious context to describe God's compassion towards humanity.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ
Etymology: The word "ἔλεος" (eleos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from an earlier form related to pity or compassion.
G3676, G4329
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OH-mos-pros-EF-yoo-gon
Translations: they were fleeing to, they were resorting to, they were taking refuge in, they were seeking refuge with
Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the adverb "ΟΜΩΣ" (nevertheless, however) and the verb "ΠΡΟΣΦΕΥΓΩ" (to flee to, take refuge in). The verb describes an action of fleeing towards something or someone for refuge or help, often implying a desperate or persistent effort. The "ΟΜΩΣ" component adds a sense of 'nevertheless' or 'even so' to the action, suggesting that despite circumstances, the fleeing or resorting still occurred.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ
G5407
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-NEH-oo-see
Translations: they murder, they kill
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to murder' or 'to kill'. It often implies an intentional and unlawful act of taking a life. It is used to describe the action performed by multiple subjects.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G4716
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: stah-see-AS-tays
Translations: to a rebel, to a rioter, to a seditionist, to a revolutionary, to a factious person, to a partisan, to a dissenter, to a mutineer, to a conspirator, to a troublemaker
Notes: This word refers to someone who engages in rebellion, sedition, or civil strife. It describes a person who causes division or takes part in an uprising. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating 'to' or 'for' these individuals.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΗΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ, ΤΑΡΑΧΟΠΟΙΟΣ
G1635
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KON-tes
Translations: willing, voluntary, of one's own accord, those who are willing, the willing ones
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'willing' or 'voluntary'. It describes someone who acts freely and by their own choice, without compulsion. It is often used to emphasize that an action is done with full consent and intention.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΑΙΡΕΤΟΣ, ΕΘΕΛΟΝΤΗΣ
G1706
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-eh-PIP-ton
Translations: they fell into, they fell upon, they fell among, they fell
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to fall into, fall upon, or fall among'. It is often used to describe someone or something encountering or becoming involved in a situation, place, or group, often unexpectedly or by chance. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in, into) and 'πίπτω' (to fall).
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. Its meaning is thus literally 'to fall into'.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-poss
Translations: place, a place, location, region, space, site
Notes: This word refers to a specific location, area, or region. It can denote a physical spot, a general area, or even a metaphorical space or opportunity. It is commonly used to indicate where something is situated or where an event occurs.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΕΔΡΑ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'cutting' or 'marking out'.
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Part of Speech: Letter
Sounds like: TAF
Translations: Tau
Notes: Τ (tau) is the 19th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number 300. It is also known for its symbolic significance, particularly as a cross-like shape.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The letter Tau is derived from the Phoenician letter taw, which meant 'mark' or 'sign'. It is the last letter of the Phoenician alphabet.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DACE
Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no
Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.
G1131
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: GYM-nos
Translations: naked, bare, poorly clothed, unclothed, exposed
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is unclothed, either completely naked or only lightly clad. It can also refer to something that is bare or exposed, such as a bare field or an exposed weapon. In some contexts, it can imply vulnerability or a lack of protection.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΨΙΛΟΣ, ΑΚΑΛΥΠΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΓΥΜΝΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be uncovered' or 'to be open'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.
G3042
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LEE-moo
Translations: of hunger, of famine, of scarcity
Notes: This word refers to hunger, famine, or scarcity. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. For example, it could describe the cause of something, such as 'deaths of famine' or 'suffering from hunger'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΝΑ, ΕΝΔΕΙΑ, ΣΠΑΝΙΣ
G3498, G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: neh-kro-NEH-khen
Translations: it had dead, it held dead, it contained dead
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'nekros' (dead) and a form of 'echō' (to have, to hold). It means 'it had dead' or 'it held dead'. It describes a state where something was filled with or contained dead bodies, often implying a grim or desolate situation. It is used in the imperfect tense, indicating a continuous or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Active Indicative
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G4714
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STA-seh-ohs
Translations: of a standing, of a stand, of an insurrection, of a dissension, of a division, of a riot, of a revolt
Notes: This word refers to a standing, a position, or a state of being. It can also denote a rebellion, an uprising, or a division among people, often implying a state of conflict or disagreement.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΑΣΙΑΣ, ΣΤΑΣΙΣ
G4137
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pep-LAY-roh-toh
Translations: it had been fulfilled, it had been completed, it had been filled, it had been made full
Notes: This word is the third person singular pluperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'πληρόω' (plēroō). It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results were still relevant at a later point in the past. It means 'it had been filled,' 'it had been completed,' or 'it had been fulfilled.' It is often used to indicate that a prophecy or a period of time has reached its completion.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Pluperfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΑΝΑΠΛΗΡΟΩ
G3498
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: NEK-ron
Translations: of the dead, of dead ones
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.
G4714
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STA-sin
Translations: rebellion, a rebellion, insurrection, a stand, a standing, a dissension, a division, a sedition, a riot
Notes: This word refers to a standing, a position, or a state of rest. It can also denote a rebellion, an insurrection, or a division among people, often implying a state of conflict or disagreement. In some contexts, it can simply mean a place where one stands or a halt.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ
G3042, G0622
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: lee-moh-nah-po-LOH-loh-tohn
Translations: of those perished by famine, of those destroyed by hunger, of those who have died from starvation
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'famine/hunger' (λιμός) and 'perished/destroyed' (ἀπόλλυμι). It describes people who have died as a result of famine or starvation. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to those who perished by famine'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle
G2330
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-THAL-peh
Translations: warmed, cherished, nurtured, fostered, comforted
Notes: This word is a verb in the past tense, specifically the aorist active indicative, third person singular. It means 'he/she/it warmed' or 'he/she/it cherished/nurtured'. It can be used literally to describe warming something, or metaphorically to describe cherishing, comforting, or fostering someone or something, often with care and tenderness.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΘΕΡΜΑΙΝΩ, ΤΡΕΦΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΘΑΛΠΩ (thalpō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to heat' or 'to warm'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages related to warmth and heat.
G5183
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: too-RAN-noos
Translations: tyrants, a tyrant, despots, a despot
Notes: This word refers to a ruler who holds absolute power, often implying a harsh, oppressive, or cruel exercise of that power. It can be used to describe a king or ruler who governs without legal restraint, or one who is simply a despot. It is typically used in a negative sense.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lees-TREE-koh-nel-PEES
Translations: robber-like hope, a robber-like hope, hope of robbers, a hope of robbers
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ληστρικός' (robber-like, predatory) and 'ἐλπίς' (hope). It refers to a hope that is characteristic of robbers or brigands, or a desperate, predatory kind of hope. It describes the last resort or expectation of those who live by plunder or violence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
G2078
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ES-kha-tee
Translations: last, final, outermost, extreme, a last
Notes: This word describes something that is at the very end, the furthest point, or the most extreme. It can refer to the last in a sequence, the outermost boundary, or the most severe degree of something. It is often used to denote the ultimate or conclusive state of affairs.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΙΑ
G5260
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-po-NO-mohn
Translations: of undermining, of mines, of tunnels, of subterranean passages
Notes: This word refers to an undermining, a mine, or a subterranean passage. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (under) and 'νομός' (a place of pasturage, or related to 'νέμω' meaning to distribute or manage, here implying a cutting or digging). It describes a hidden or secret passage, often used for military purposes to approach or attack a fortified position from below.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΥΓΜΑ, ΣΗΡΑΓΓΑ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΝΟΜΟΣ is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and ΝΟΜΟΣ (nomos), which in this context relates to 'νέμω' (nemō), meaning 'to distribute, to cut, to manage'. Thus, it literally means 'an under-cutting' or 'an under-passage'.
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OOS
Translations: ear, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. It is used in various contexts to denote the physical ear, but also metaphorically for the act of hearing or understanding, as in 'to lend an ear' or 'to have ears to hear'. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΩΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows- (ear).
G2607
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-FEV-gon-tes
Translations: fleeing for refuge, taking refuge, resorting, having fled for refuge
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΦΕΥΓΩ (PHEUGŌ), meaning 'to flee'. Together, ΚΑΤΑΦΕΥΓΩ means 'to flee for refuge' or 'to take refuge'. The participle ΚΑΤΑΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΕΣ describes those who are in the act of fleeing for refuge or have done so. It is used to indicate a group of people who are seeking safety or resorting to a particular place or action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΕΣ
G4328
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-eh-DOH-kohn
Translations: they were expecting, they were awaiting, they were looking for
Notes: This word describes the act of expecting, awaiting, or looking forward to something or someone. It implies a state of anticipation or waiting for an event or person to arrive or occur. It is used to indicate a continuous or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G2045
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-rew-nay-THEE-ses-thai
Translations: to be searched, to be examined, to be investigated
Notes: This word is the future passive infinitive form of the verb 'ereunaō'. It means 'to be searched', 'to be examined', or 'to be investigated'. It indicates an action that will be done to the subject, rather than by the subject, and functions as a verbal noun, often used after verbs like 'to wish', 'to be able', or 'to intend'.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΣΚΟΠΈΩ, ἘΞΕΤΆΖΩ, ΔΙΕΡΕΥΝΆΩ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3838
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pan-TEH-lee
Translations: complete, perfect, entire, utter, a complete, a perfect, an entire, an utter
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'complete' or 'perfect'. It describes something that is whole, lacking nothing, or brought to its full extent. It can be used to emphasize the thoroughness or totality of an action or state.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΤΕΛΕΙΟΣ, ΑΚΡΑΙΦΝΗΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every', and τέλος (telos), meaning 'end' or 'completion'. Thus, it literally means 'all-complete' or 'brought to an end'.
G0251, G0399
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Part of Speech: Noun, Participle
Sounds like: HA-loh-sin ah-na-ZEFK-san-ton
Translations: capture, taking, conquest, of those who broke camp, of those who departed, of those who set out
Notes: This appears to be a compound phrase or a combination of two words, likely 'ἅλωσιν' (halōsin) and 'ἀναζευξάντων' (anazeuxantōn). 'ἅλωσιν' is the accusative singular of 'ἅλωσις', meaning 'capture' or 'taking'. 'ἀναζευξάντων' is the genitive plural active participle of 'ἀναζεύγνυμι', meaning 'to yoke up', 'to break camp', or 'to depart'. Therefore, the phrase likely refers to 'the capture of those who departed' or 'the capture of their departure'. It describes an action of seizing or conquering in relation to people who have set out or moved away.
Inflection: Noun: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; Participle: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΨΙΣ, ΕΞΟΔΟΣ
G4281
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pro-el-THON-tes
Translations: having gone forth, having come forward, proceeding, advancing
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having gone forth' or 'having come forward'. It describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb in the sentence. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to come or go forward'. It is used to indicate movement in a forward direction, either physically or metaphorically.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb derived from the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Its etymology reflects the concept of moving or coming in a forward direction.
G0628
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-drah-SEH-sthai
Translations: to escape, to flee away, to run away
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to escape' or 'to flee away'. It describes the act of getting away from a dangerous or undesirable situation, often by running. It is typically used to describe someone making an effort to avoid capture or to get free from confinement.
Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'away from') and διδράσκω (didraskō, 'to run, to flee'). The verb διδράσκω is a reduplicated form of δράω (draō), meaning 'to run'.
G2021
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-khei-ROO-oon
Translations: were attempting, were undertaking, were trying, to attempt, to undertake, to try
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to attempt' or 'to undertake'. It describes the act of beginning or making an effort to do something. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and 'χειρέω' (cheireō), derived from 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'to put one's hand to something'. In the provided form, it indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ
G3592
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TO-deh
Translations: this, this here, the following, a this
Notes: ΤΟΔΕ is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε. It is used to point to something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned, often translated as 'this' or 'this here'. It can also refer to something that is about to be mentioned, meaning 'the following'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΥΤΩΣ
Etymology: From the definite article ὁ (ho) and the enclitic particle -δε (-de), which indicates proximity or direction 'to here'.
G0686, G0685
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Part of Speech: Particle, Noun
Sounds like: AH-rah
Translations: then, therefore, so, consequently, perhaps, indeed, is it that?, curse, an imprecation
Notes: The word 'ἈΡΑ' can function as a particle or a noun. As a particle, it is used to introduce a question, often expecting a negative answer, or to draw an inference, meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It can also express a degree of uncertainty or possibility, translating to 'perhaps' or 'indeed'. As a noun, 'ἈΡΑ' refers to a curse or an imprecation, a solemn utterance intended to invoke a supernatural power to inflict harm or punishment on someone or something.
Inflection: As a particle, it does not inflect. As a noun, it is Feminine, Singular, Nominative.
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓Ν, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑ
Etymology: The particle 'ἈΡΑ' is of uncertain origin, possibly an onomatopoeic exclamation. The noun 'ἈΡΑ' (curse) is also of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb 'ἀράομαι' (araomai) meaning 'to pray, to curse'.
G3677
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NEI-ros
Translations: dream, a dream
Notes: This word refers to a dream, an experience of images, sounds, or other sensations during sleep. It is often used in ancient texts to describe prophetic or significant dreams, or simply the act of dreaming.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΥΠΝΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word ὈΝΕΙΡΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the verb ὀνειρεύω (oneireuō), meaning 'to dream'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G2990, G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lee-SAYN-em-EL-lon
Translations: they were about to escape notice, they were about to be hidden, they were about to forget
Notes: This is a compound verbal phrase, combining the future infinitive of 'lanthanō' (to escape notice, to be hidden, to forget) and the imperfect indicative of 'mellō' (to be about to, to intend to). It describes an action that was on the verge of happening in the past, specifically that a group of people were on the point of escaping notice, being hidden, or forgetting something. It implies an impending action that was prevented or did not fully materialize.
Inflection: Compound verbal phrase: ΛΗΣΕΙΝ is Future Active Infinitive; ἘΜΕΛΛΟΝ is Imperfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: tay-nee-KAH-oo-tah
Translations: then, at that time, at that very time
Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'then' or 'at that very time'. It is used to indicate a specific point in time, often referring back to a previously mentioned event or circumstance. It emphasizes that something happened precisely at that moment.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΤΟΤΕ, ΕΚΕΙ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun τῆνι (tēni), meaning 'at that place' or 'at that time', combined with the particle -καῦτα (-kauta), which intensifies the demonstrative meaning.
G5270
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hoo-po-GAY-oyce
Translations: underground, subterranean, below ground
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'underground' or 'subterranean'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and 'γῆ' (gē), meaning 'earth' or 'ground'. It describes something located or existing beneath the surface of the earth, such as a cave, a basement, or a tunnel. In this inflected form, it would modify a plural noun in the dative case, indicating 'to/for/by/with/in underground (things/places/people)'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΓΕΙΟΣ (hypogeios) is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and the noun ΓΗ (gē), meaning 'earth' or 'ground'. It literally means 'under-earth'.
G3982
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-poy-THOH-tes
Translations: trusting, having trusted, confident, relying, persuaded, having been persuaded
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ', meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust'. As a perfect active participle, it describes someone who has been persuaded or has come to trust, and therefore is in a state of confidence or reliance. It often takes a dative object, indicating what or whom one is trusting or relying upon.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΑΡΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOY
Translations: they, them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun that can function in several ways. It can be used as an intensive pronoun meaning 'self' or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. It can also serve as a simple third-person pronoun meaning 'he, she, it, they' or 'him, her, it, them'. When used with the article, it often functions as an adjective meaning 'the same'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: play-OH-nah-tone
Translations: of more, of greater, of many, of the more, of the greater, of the many
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater' in quantity, number, or degree. It is the comparative form of 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a larger amount or a superior quality of something. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin from a plural group.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΤΕΡΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΣΤΟΣ
G1708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-eh-PIM-pra-san
Translations: they were setting on fire, they were burning up, they were burning down
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to set on fire' or 'to burn up'. It describes an action of intentionally causing something to burn. In this form, it indicates that 'they' (a group of people) were performing this action, likely repeatedly or over a period of time in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΠΟΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἐμπίπρημι (empiprēmi) is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb πίπρημι (piprēmi), meaning 'to burn'. The root πίπρημι is related to πρήθω (prēthō), also meaning 'to burn' or 'to blow up'.
G2545
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-ee-oh-MEH-nohn
Translations: of burning, of those burning, of being burned, of those being burned
Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle derived from the verb 'καίω' (kaiō), meaning 'to burn'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing an action that is ongoing. In this form, it refers to 'those who are burning' (middle voice) or 'those who are being burned' (passive voice). It is used to describe the state or action of something or someone that is currently in the process of burning or being consumed by fire.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Genitive Case, Plural Number, All Genders
Synonyms: ΦΛΕΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ
G2607
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-FEV-gon-tahs
Translations: fleeing for refuge, taking refuge, resorting, fleeing down
Notes: This word describes the action of fleeing to a place or person for safety, protection, or help. It implies seeking refuge or resorting to something as a last resort. It is often used to describe someone escaping danger or seeking shelter.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΥΓΩ
Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee'. It literally means 'to flee down' or 'to flee for refuge'.
G1363
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-OH-roo-khas
Translations: canals, trenches, ditches
Notes: This word refers to man-made channels or excavations, such as canals for water, trenches for military purposes, or ditches. It is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through', and ὀρύσσω (oryssō), meaning 'to dig'. It describes something that has been dug through.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
G1614
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-TEI-non
Translations: stretch out, extend, hold out
Notes: This word means to stretch out, extend, or hold out something, often a hand or a limb. It is commonly used in commands or exhortations to perform such an action.
Inflection: Aorist Active Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΕΙΝΩ, ΕΠΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ
G0427
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-neh-DEEN
Translations: freely, openly, without restraint, without reserve, without fear
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'freely' or 'openly'. It describes an action performed without hindrance, restraint, or fear, indicating a lack of caution or reservation. It can be used to describe speaking or acting without holding back.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΩΣ, ἈΦΟΒΩΣ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ἀναδίδωμι (anadidomi), meaning 'to give up, to give forth', or more generally from ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and δέω (deo, 'to bind'). The adverbial form implies an 'unbinding' or 'unrestrained' action.
G4813
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SY-lon
Translations: they plundered, they stripped, they despoiled
Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'σύλαω' (sulaō), meaning 'to strip, plunder, or despoil'. It describes an action of taking away possessions or valuables from someone or something, often by force or illicitly, that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It implies a forceful or violent act of taking.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ
Etymology: The verb 'σύλαω' (sulaō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'σῦλον' (sylon), meaning 'booty' or 'spoil'.
G1487
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Part of Speech: Indefinite Pronoun, Indefinite Adjective
Sounds like: EYE-tee-nos
Translations: if anyone, if anything, whoever, whatever, of anyone, of anything
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'εἰ' (if) and the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (anyone, anything). It means 'if anyone' or 'if anything', and can also be translated as 'whoever' or 'whatever'. It is used to introduce a conditional clause, indicating a hypothetical person or thing. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'If anyone comes, tell them to wait.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Etymology: The word is a compound of the conjunction ΕἸ (ei), meaning 'if', and the indefinite pronoun ΤΙΣ (tis), meaning 'anyone' or 'anything'.
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ROY-en
Translations: they might find, they might discover, they might obtain
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to find', 'to discover', or 'to obtain'. It is used to describe the act of locating something or someone, or coming into possession of something. In the optative mood, it expresses a wish, a possibility, or a potential action, often translated with 'might' or 'may'.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Optative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G5160
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tro-FANE
Translations: food, nourishment, sustenance, a food
Notes: This word refers to food or nourishment, anything that sustains life. It is commonly used in contexts describing physical sustenance, but can also metaphorically refer to spiritual or intellectual nourishment. In this form, it is the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΡΩΜΑ, ΣΙΤΟΣ, ΕΔΕΣΜΑ
G0726
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ar-PAH-zon-tes
Translations: snatching, seizing, plundering, carrying off, taking by force, robbing
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'snatching' or 'seizing'. It describes an action of taking something quickly, forcefully, or violently, often implying robbery or plunder. It can be used to describe people who are actively engaged in such an act, as in 'the ones snatching' or 'those who seize'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AH-ee-mah-tee
Translations: to blood, in blood, with blood, by blood
Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. It is often used in a literal sense, but can also carry symbolic meaning, such as representing life, sacrifice, or kinship, especially in religious or covenantal contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G5453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-foo-RMEH-neen
Translations: mixed, defiled, stained, polluted, soiled, smeared
Notes: This word describes something that has been mixed, defiled, or stained, often with something unpleasant or impure. It implies a state of being thoroughly blended or contaminated. It is used here in a participial form, acting like an adjective to describe a noun.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΙΑΙΝΩ, ΜΟΛΥΝΩ
G2666
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-TEH-pih-non
Translations: they swallowed down, they devoured, they absorbed, they engulfed
Notes: This word describes the action of swallowing something completely, often with the implication of devouring or consuming entirely. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to overwhelm or absorb. In this form, it indicates an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past by a group of people.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΠΑΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΡΟΧΘΙΖΩ
G1510, G1161
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Part of Speech: Verb, Conjunction
Sounds like: AYN-deh
Translations: and was, but was, and were, but were, was, were
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the imperfect indicative of the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be' (specifically 'was' or 'were'), and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It is commonly translated as 'and was' or 'but was', indicating a continuation or a contrast in a narrative. It is used to connect clauses or sentences, often introducing a new point or a shift in focus.
Inflection: Third Person Singular or Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice (from εἰμί); Does not inflect (for δέ)
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ ἨΝ, ἈΛΛΑ ἨΝ
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loos
Translations: one another, each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that the action of the verb is performed by each member of a group upon the other members. For example, 'they loved one another'. It is a compound word formed from the word ἈΛΛΟΣ (ALLOS), meaning 'other'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine. Reciprocal pronouns do not have singular forms and are only found in the genitive, dative, and accusative cases.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G0724
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-pa-GAIS
Translations: (to) plunderings, (to) robberies, (to) extortions
Notes: This word refers to acts of plundering, robbery, or extortion. It describes the violent seizure of property or goods. In this form, it is a plural dative noun, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' in English.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΗΣΤΕΙΑΙ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΓΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΑΡΠΑΓΗ comes from the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize', 'to snatch away', or 'to carry off by force'.
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-leh-mos
Translations: war, a war, battle, a battle, fight, a fight
Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups, or a particular series of battles or campaigns. It can also refer to a struggle or conflict of any kind. It is typically used in the singular, but can also be found in the plural to denote multiple conflicts or aspects of war.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ
Etymology: The etymology of ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to fight' or 'to contend'.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KOO-see
Translations: they seem, they think, they suppose, they appear, they are thought
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seem,' 'to think,' or 'to suppose.' It is often used to express an opinion or an appearance, indicating what something or someone is perceived to be. It can also mean 'to be thought' or 'to be considered.'
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G5348
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: fthas-THEN-tes
Translations: having come before, having arrived first, having anticipated, having overtaken, having preceded
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'φθάνω', meaning 'to come before', 'to arrive first', or 'to anticipate'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often indicating that the subject has preceded or overtaken something or someone else. It can be used to describe someone who has arrived at a place or achieved something ahead of others, or who has anticipated an event.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΘΑΝΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ
G0251
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HAH-loh-seh-ohs
Translations: of capture, of taking, of destruction, of overthrow
Notes: This word refers to the act of capturing or taking a city or place, often implying its subsequent destruction or overthrow. It describes the process or event of something being seized or conquered.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΗΨΙΣ, ΠΟΡΘΗΣΙΣ, ΑΙΧΜΑΛΩΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word ἅλωσις (halōsis) comes from the verb ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'.
G5236, G5501
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-per-bo-LAYN-oh-MO-tay-toss
Translations: excessive cruelty, extreme fierceness, surpassing brutality, an excess of cruelty
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ΥΠΕΡΒΟΛΗ' (hyperbolē), meaning 'excess' or 'surpassing degree', and 'ὨΜΟΤΗΤΟΣ' (ōmotētos), meaning 'cruelty' or 'fierceness'. Together, it describes an extreme or surpassing degree of cruelty or brutality. It would be used to emphasize the severity of a cruel act or disposition.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΩΜΟΤΗΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ
G1089
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-SAH-sthai
Translations: to taste, to partake of, to experience, to eat
Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to taste' or 'to partake of'. It is often used in a figurative sense to mean 'to experience' something, such as death or suffering. It can also simply mean 'to eat' or 'to take food'.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἘΣΘΙΩ, ΠΙΝΩ, ΜΕΤΕΧΩ
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