2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar

Translations: Caesar

Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used by Roman emperors. It is derived from the family name of Julius Caesar and was adopted by subsequent emperors as a title of imperial authority. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the reigning Roman emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" is a transliteration of the Latin name "Caesar," which was originally the cognomen of a branch of the gens Julia, most famously Gaius Julius Caesar. After his death, his adopted son Octavian (Augustus) used it as part of his title, and it subsequently became a title for Roman emperors.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G275

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-MAY-khah-non

Translations: impossible, impracticable, helpless, without resource, an impossible thing

Notes: This word describes something that is impossible to do, achieve, or overcome. It can also refer to a situation or person that is without resources or helpless. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'μηχανή' (mēchanē) meaning 'means' or 'contrivance'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΠΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΗΧΑΝΟΣ is derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with 'μηχανή' (mēchanē), which refers to a 'means', 'device', or 'contrivance'. Thus, it literally means 'without means' or 'without contrivance'.

G0507

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TEN AH-noh

Translations: up, above, upward, on high, up to

Notes: This word is a compound of the definite article 'τὴν' (tēn), meaning 'the', and the adverb 'ἄνω' (anō), meaning 'up' or 'above'. The combination 'τὴν ἄνω' is often used to mean 'the upper' or 'the region above', functioning adjectivally or adverbially to specify a higher location or direction. In the provided examples, it refers to a specific place or region that is 'above' or 'upper', such as 'the upper Idumaea' or 'the city above'. It is not a single word but a phrase treated as a unit.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Accusative (from the article) combined with an adverb. The adverb 'ἄνω' itself does not inflect.

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΕΠΑΝΩ, ΑΝΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ἄνω (anō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *an-, meaning 'on, upon'. The definite article τὴν (tēn) is from the Proto-Indo-European root *so-, *seh₂-, *to-.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G4029

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: peh-ree-KREEM-non

Translations: precipitous, steep, overhanging, sheer

Notes: This word describes something that is very steep, like a cliff or a precipice. It is used to characterize terrain or structures that have a sharp, dangerous drop-off. For example, it could describe a city built on a high, steep hill.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΟΜΟΣ, ΚΡΗΜΝΩΔΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'very', and κρημνός (kremnos), meaning 'a precipice' or 'steep bank'. It literally means 'around a precipice' or 'very precipitous'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-NAH-min-LOH-oo

Translations: power, strength, ability, a power, an ability

Notes: This word appears to be a compound or a misspelling. The first part, 'ΔΥΝΑΜΙΝ' (dynamin), is the accusative singular form of 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power', 'strength', or 'ability'. The second part, 'ΛΩΟΥ', is not a recognized Koine Greek word and is likely a garbled or misspelled word. It's not clear what 'ΛΩΟΥ' is intended to mean or if it's a typo for another word. Therefore, the full word 'ΔΥΝΑΜΙΝΛΩΟΥ' is likely a garbled or badly misspelled phrase.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine (for ΔΥΝΑΜΙΝ); ΛΩΟΥ is unidentifiable

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HOO-lays

Translations: of wood, of forest, of material, of matter, a forest, a wood, a material, a matter

Notes: This word refers to wood, a forest, or more broadly, to material or matter. It can be used to describe the substance from which something is made, or a collection of trees. In a philosophical context, it can refer to the raw material of the universe.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΥΠΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word ὕλη (hylē) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It originally referred to a forest or wood, and later extended to mean 'material' or 'matter' in a more general sense, especially in philosophical contexts.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2889

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: koh-mee-DEE

Translations: quite, very, entirely, completely, conveyance, care, attention, a conveyance, a care, an attention

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'quite', 'very', 'entirely', or 'completely', emphasizing the degree of an adjective or another adverb. For example, 'quite ridiculous'. It can also function as a noun, meaning 'conveyance', 'care', or 'attention', referring to the act of carrying or bringing something, or the careful attention given to something.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΟΛΩΣ, ΛΙΑΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΜΙΔΗ derives from the verb κομίζω (komizo), meaning 'to carry', 'to bring', or 'to take care of'. Its development reflects the idea of bringing something to completion or a state of being, leading to its adverbial sense of 'completely' or 'very'.

G5613, G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HOH-se-phayn

Translations: as it was said, as it was stated, as it was declared, as it was affirmed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the conjunction ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'just as', and the aorist passive indicative form of the verb φημί (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to declare'. Therefore, it translates to 'as it was said' or 'as it was stated'. It is used to refer back to something that has already been mentioned or established.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΩΣΕΛΕΧΘΗ, ΩΣΕΡΡΗΘΗ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4712

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sta-DEE-oos

Translations: stadia, furlongs, race-courses, a stadium, a furlong, a race-course

Notes: This word refers to a stadium or a race-course, which was a common venue for athletic contests in ancient times. It also serves as a unit of measurement, specifically a 'stadium' or 'furlong,' which was approximately 600 Greek feet or about 185 meters (607 feet). It is used to indicate distance, often in the plural to denote multiple units of this measure.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Ancient Greek στάδιον (stadion), referring to a fixed standard of length, especially the length of a race-course. It is related to ἵστημι (histēmi, “to stand”).

G5594

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ep-see-loh-MEH-nohn

Translations: (of) those having been stripped, (of) those having been made bare, (of) those having been cleared, (of) those having been denuded

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, genitive plural, of the verb ψιλόω (psiloo). It describes something or someone that has been completely stripped, made bare, cleared, or denuded. It implies a state of being made empty or exposed, often referring to land cleared of trees or people stripped of possessions.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΥΜΝΟΣ, ΚΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb ψιλόω (psiloo) comes from the adjective ψιλός (psilos), meaning 'bare' or 'smooth'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-GAY-reh-toh

Translations: was being raised, was being awakened, was being stirred up, was rising, was awakening, was stirring up

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect indicative form of the verb 'ἐγείρω' (egeiro). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it means 'to rise' or 'to awaken oneself', while in the passive voice, it means 'to be raised' or 'to be awakened'. It can refer to physical rising, awakening from sleep, or being stirred up in a metaphorical sense, such as a war or a cry being raised.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἘΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TAIR-gah

Translations: the works, the deeds, the acts, the tasks

Notes: This word is a crasis (contraction) of the definite article ΤΑ (ta), meaning 'the', and the noun ἘΡΓΑ (erga), meaning 'works' or 'deeds'. It refers to multiple actions, accomplishments, or tasks. It is used in sentences to denote specific works or deeds that are being discussed or referred to, functioning as the subject or object of a verb.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ, ΕΝΕΡΓΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΡΓΟΝ (ergon) comes from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-, meaning 'to work'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1416

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DYS-in

Translations: setting, sunset, west, a setting, a sunset, a west

Notes: This word refers to the act of setting, particularly of the sun or other celestial bodies. It can also refer to the direction where the sun sets, which is the west. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate the time of day when the sun goes down or the geographical direction of the west.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΜΗ

Etymology: From the verb δύω (dyō), meaning 'to enter, to sink, to set'. It refers to the action of something sinking or setting, especially the sun.

G2824

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEE-mah

Translations: clime, region, a region, climate, a climate

Notes: This word refers to a region or a clime, often implying a geographical area or a zone, particularly in terms of its climate or inclination. It can be used to describe a specific part of the world or a general area.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb κλίνω (klino), meaning 'to lean, incline, slope'. It refers to a 'slope' or 'inclination' of the earth, which then came to denote a region or climate zone based on its angle relative to the sun.

G0473

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AN-tee-KROO

Translations: opposite, directly opposite, in front of, face to face, over against

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a position or direction. It means 'opposite' or 'directly in front of' something or someone. It can also convey the sense of 'face to face' or 'over against'. It is used to describe location or confrontation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: From ἀντί (anti, "against") and κρύπτω (kruptō, "to hide"), literally meaning "against what is hidden" or "in plain sight, not hidden".

G4848

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soom-ma-khee-KON

Translations: allied, confederate, auxiliary, allied forces, an alliance

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is allied or confederate, meaning they are joined together with others for a common purpose, often in war or for mutual defense. When used as a noun, it can refer to the collective body of allied forces or an alliance itself. For example, it could describe an 'allied army' or 'the allied contingent'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΜΑΧΟΣ, ΣΥΜΜΑΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΜΑΧΟΣ (symmachos) is a compound word derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΜΑΧΗ (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. Thus, it literally means 'fighting together' or 'fellow fighter'.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-poss

Translations: remaining, rest, the rest, other, a remainder, the others, the future, from now on

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining after a part has been taken away. It can be used as an adjective to describe things that are left, or as a noun to refer to the remaining people or things. For example, it can mean 'the rest of the people' or 'the remaining time'. It can also refer to what is left to be done or what is still to come.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (as an adjective or noun); can also be Feminine, Neuter, and inflect for all cases and numbers depending on context.

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'. It describes that which is left behind or left over.

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OCH-los

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, mob, a mob

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a multitude, or a crowd. It can sometimes carry the connotation of a common or unorganized group, or even a disorderly mob. It is typically used to describe a large number of people gathered together, often in a public space.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ὈΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or possibly related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to throng'.

G3586

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KSOO-ston

Translations: polished, smooth, scraped, shaved, a javelin, a spear, a portico, a covered walk

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'polished,' 'smooth,' 'scraped,' or 'shaved.' It describes something that has been made smooth or refined. As a noun, it can refer to a 'javelin' or 'spear,' likely due to its smooth, polished shaft. It can also denote a 'portico' or 'covered walk,' which were often paved or smoothed areas for exercise or public gathering, particularly in gymnasiums.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΧΗ, ΔΟΡΥ, ΣΤΟΑ

Etymology: From the verb ξύω (xýō), meaning 'to scrape,' 'to shave,' or 'to polish.'

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoo

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain state

Notes: ἘΧΟΥ is an inflected form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be able'. It is used to indicate possession, a state of being, or an ability. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'they have' or 'you (plural) have'.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Present, Active, Imperative; or, Third Person Plural, Present, Active, Indicative (alternative spelling of ἘΧΟΥΣΙΝ); or, Second Person Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive (alternative spelling of ἘΧΗΤΕ)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have').

G3618, G4314

Part of Speech: Verb, Preposition

Sounds like: oh-ko-do-MEH-seh-PROSS

Translations: he built toward, he built in addition to, he built near

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the verb 'ὨΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΕ' (ōkodomēse), meaning 'he built' or 'he erected', and the preposition 'ΠΡΟΣ' (pros), meaning 'to', 'toward', 'with', or 'in addition to'. Together, it describes the action of building something in relation to another object or location, such as building 'toward' a specific point, or building 'in addition to' something already existing. It indicates the direction or purpose of the building action.

Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative (for ὨΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΕ); Does not inflect (for ΠΡΟΣ)

G4171

Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: POH-leh-mohn

Translations: war, battle, fight, of wars, of battles, of fights, Polemon

Notes: This word can refer to a war, battle, or fight. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple conflicts. It can also be used as a proper noun, referring to the personal name Polemon. In the provided examples, it appears both as a common noun in the genitive plural (meaning 'of wars') and potentially as a proper noun (Polemon).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative (Proper Noun); Plural, Genitive (Common Noun)

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-REE-on

Translations: fortress, a fortress, stronghold, a stronghold, garrison, a garrison

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, stronghold, or a place where a military garrison is stationed. It is used to describe a secure and defensible structure, often built for protection or as a military base.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard, to watch over', which itself comes from φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard'. Thus, it denotes a place that is guarded or watched over.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-ge-MOH-nes

Translations: rulers, governors, leaders, commanders, a ruler, a governor, a leader, a commander

Notes: This word refers to those who hold a position of authority or leadership, such as a governor, a commander, or a chief. It is often used in the context of political or military leadership. It is the plural form of the noun.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΗΓΕΜΩΝ comes from the Greek verb ἥγημαι (hēgēmai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. It refers to one who leads or guides others.

G2927, G4905

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kroo-FAH-soon-el-THON-tes

Translations: having secretly come together, having assembled secretly, having met in secret

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the adverb 'κρυφά' (secretly) and the aorist participle of 'συνέρχομαι' (to come together, to assemble). It describes an action where individuals or groups have gathered or met in a hidden or clandestine manner. It implies a past action that has been completed, with the emphasis on the secrecy of the gathering.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΘΡΑΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΩΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G4970

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SFOAN

Translations: their, of them, to them

Notes: This word is a third-person plural possessive pronoun, meaning 'their' or 'of them'. It is used to indicate possession by a group of people or things. It can also function as a dative pronoun, meaning 'to them' or 'for them', depending on the context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Genitive or Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΑΥΤΟΙΣ

Etymology: From the same root as the reflexive pronoun 'σφᾶς' (sphas), which refers to themselves. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European reflexive pronoun *s(w)e-.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEM-psan-tes

Translations: having sent, sending, dispatching, escorting, accompanying

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ', meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'sending', indicating an action that has occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can also mean to escort or accompany someone.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G2424

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-keh-TEH-oo-on

Translations: they were imploring, they were supplicating, they were entreating

Notes: This word means to implore, supplicate, or entreat someone, often with earnestness or humility. It describes the act of making a fervent plea or request. In the provided examples, it is used to describe groups of people making such pleas.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἱκετεύω (hiketeuō) comes from ἱκέτης (hiketēs), meaning 'suppliant' or 'one who comes as a suppliant seeking protection', which itself is related to ἵκω (hikō), 'to come, arrive'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1747

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-DOH-sin

Translations: to give in, to yield, to surrender, to grant, to allow

Notes: This word is the future active infinitive of the verb 'endidōmi'. It means 'to give in', 'to yield', 'to surrender', 'to grant', or 'to allow'. It describes the act of conceding or permitting something, often implying a giving way to pressure or a granting of permission. It can be used in contexts where one party yields to another or where something is permitted to happen.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ὙΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

G1679

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-pee-SAS

Translations: having hoped, having expected, having trusted, having relied on

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It conveys the sense of someone who has already performed the action of hoping or expecting.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΣΑΣ

G0660

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pos-pas-THEN-tone

Translations: having been drawn away, having been torn away, having been separated, of those having been drawn away, of those having been torn away, of those having been separated

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to draw away' or 'to tear away'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that something or someone has been forcibly removed, separated, or detached from something else. It is often used to describe a group of people who have been pulled away or defected.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Plural, Genitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ, ΧΩΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποσπάω (apospaō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull'.

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G1021

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: brah-DEH-ohs

Translations: slowly, tardily, with delay

Notes: This word is an adverb that describes an action or process performed at a slow pace, without haste, or with a noticeable delay. It indicates a lack of speed or promptness in execution. It can be used to modify verbs, indicating how an action is carried out.

Inflection: Adverbial form, derived from the adjective βραδύς (slow). Does not inflect.

Synonyms: ΒΡΑΔΥΤΕΡΩΣ, ΒΡΑΔΥΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word βραδέως (bradeōs) is an adverb derived from the adjective βραδύς (bradys), meaning 'slow' or 'dull'. It is related to the concept of slowness or tardiness.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3903

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-skeh-vah-zo-MEH-non

Translations: (of) those preparing, (of) those being prepared, (of) those making ready, (of) those equipping, (of) those providing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'παρασκευάζω'. The verb means 'to prepare, to make ready, to equip, to provide'. As a middle voice participle, it often means 'to prepare oneself' or 'to make oneself ready'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be prepared' or 'to be made ready'. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para, 'alongside, by') and 'σκευάζω' (skeuazo, 'to prepare, to make ready').

Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle or Passive, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'παρασκευάζω' is a compound of the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and 'σκευάζω' (skeuazo), meaning 'to prepare, to make ready'. The root 'σκευάζω' is related to 'σκεῦος' (skeuos), meaning 'vessel, implement, equipment'.

G0672

Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kho-REH-in

Translations: to depart, to go away, to withdraw, to leave, to retire

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, to go, to proceed'. Therefore, it means to go away from a place, to depart, or to withdraw. It is often used to describe someone leaving a location or separating themselves from a group or situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, to go, to proceed'.

G0143

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-stha-NEH-tahee

Translations: perceives, understands, feels, notices, becomes aware of

Notes: This word means to perceive, understand, or become aware of something, often through the senses or by intellectual apprehension. It describes the act of sensing or recognizing a fact or situation. It is typically used in the middle voice, indicating that the subject is acting upon itself or for its own benefit, or in the passive voice.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΙ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΕΙ

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MEN-toos

Translations: certainly, indeed, however, nevertheless, of course, surely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to emphasize a statement, often meaning 'certainly' or 'indeed'. It can also introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'however' or 'nevertheless', especially when following a concessive clause. It is a compound word formed from the particles μέν (men) and τοι (toi).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a compound of the particles μέν (men), which indicates a contrast or concession, and τοι (toi), which adds emphasis or affirmation. It developed from these two elements to convey a sense of certainty or strong affirmation, often in a contrasting context.

G0565

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ap-el-THON-tas

Translations: having gone away, having departed, having gone, having left

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπέρχομαι', meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates someone or something that has completed the action of going away or leaving, often implying a separation or departure from a place or situation. It can be used to describe the state of having left or the action of leaving that has been completed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΟΝΤΑΣ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΗΣΑΝΤΑΣ

G1978

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-see-MO-tah-tos

Translations: most notable, most famous, most distinguished, most prominent, most remarkable

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ἘΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ' (episēmos), meaning 'notable' or 'distinguished'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of the quality, meaning 'most notable' or 'most distinguished'. It is used to describe someone or something that stands out significantly above others in terms of fame, importance, or recognition.

Inflection: Superlative, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΤΑΤΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΦΑΝΕΣΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ (episēmos) is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and ΣΗΜΑ (sēma), meaning 'sign' or 'mark'. Thus, it originally referred to something 'marked upon' or 'distinguished by a mark', leading to its meaning of 'notable' or 'conspicuous'.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-sah

Translations: to save, to deliver, to preserve, to heal, to make whole

Notes: The word ΣΩΣΑ is most likely a misspelling or a variant of ΣΩΣΑΙ, which is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ΣΩΖΩ. If it is ΣΩΣΑΙ, it means 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action. If it is not a misspelling, ΣΩΣΑ could potentially be an aorist active imperative (2nd person singular), meaning 'save!' or 'deliver!', or a nominative/accusative neuter plural of the aorist active participle, meaning 'saving things' or 'things that save'. Given the provided examples, the infinitive form is the most probable intended meaning.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive (most likely intended); alternatively, Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular; or Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: From the root *σως (sōs), meaning 'safe, sound, whole'. It is related to the concept of being healthy and secure.

G2385

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-bos

Translations: James, Jacob

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name James or Jacob. It is a common name found in the New Testament, referring to several individuals, most notably James, the brother of John, and James, the brother of Jesus. It is used to identify a specific person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name ἸΑΚΩΒΟΣ (Iakōbos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב), which means 'supplanter' or 'he who grasps the heel'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament.

G4815

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, seizing, arresting, conceiving, helping, assisting

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'συλλαμβάνω' (syllambanō). It means 'taking together,' 'seizing,' 'arresting,' 'conceiving' (as in becoming pregnant), or 'helping/assisting.' It describes an action that has been completed and often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or manner of the main verb's action. For example, 'having seized the man, he led him away.'

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

G1689

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-GNOO-see

Translations: they shut in, they confine, they imprison, they restrain, they hinder

Notes: This word describes the action of shutting someone or something in, confining them, or imprisoning them. It can also mean to restrain or hinder. It is used to describe the act of restricting movement or freedom, often by force.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΙΡΓΝΥΩ, ΔΕΣΜΕΥΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: From the root εἴργω (eirgō), meaning 'to shut in, confine'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *werg- meaning 'to shut, close'.

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TO-deh

Translations: this, this here, the following, a this

Notes: ΤΟΔΕ is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε. It is used to point to something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned, often translated as 'this' or 'this here'. It can also refer to something that is about to be mentioned, meaning 'the following'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΥΤΩΣ

Etymology: From the definite article ὁ (ho) and the enclitic particle -δε (-de), which indicates proximity or direction 'to here'.

G0262

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-may-kha-NOON

Translations: being at a loss, being perplexed, being helpless, being without resources, being in distress

Notes: This word describes someone who is at a loss, perplexed, or without resources, often indicating a state of helplessness or distress. It is used to convey a sense of being unable to find a way out of a difficult situation or to accomplish something. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'μηχανή' (mēchanē, meaning 'means' or 'contrivance').

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine/Feminine, Accusative, Singular (contracted form); or Masculine/Feminine/Neuter, Genitive/Dative/Accusative, Plural (contracted form). The specific inflection depends on the context, as the ending -ουν can represent several possibilities due to contraction.

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΟΥΝ, ΔΥΣΧΕΡΑΙΝΟΝ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ἀμηχανέω (amēchaneō) is derived from the adjective ἀμήχανος (amēchanos), which means 'without means, helpless, impossible'. This adjective is formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and μηχανή (mēchanē, 'machine, contrivance, means'). Thus, it literally means 'to be without a contrivance or means'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-geh-MO-nohn

Translations: of leaders, of rulers, of governors, of commanders

Notes: This word refers to those who lead, rule, or command. It is used to describe individuals in positions of authority, such as governors, military commanders, or heads of state. It is a genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of leaders' or 'belonging to rulers'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΩΝ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΩΝ

Etymology: From the verb ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead, to guide, to think, to consider'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-FYOO-lak-ton

Translations: unguarded, unprotected, unwatched, unkept, unfortified, defenseless

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'unguarded' or 'unprotected'. It is formed from the word 'φυλακτός' (guarded) with the alpha privative 'ἀ-' prefix, which negates the meaning. It describes something or someone that is without a guard, defense, or protection. It can be used to describe places, people, or things that are vulnerable or exposed.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΕΥΤΟΣ, ἈΦΡΟΥΡΗΤΟΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-kheh

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or a state of possession that existed in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He had a house' or 'She was holding the book'.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-RAIHS

Translations: guards, garrisons, prisons, watch, a watch, a guard, a garrison, a prison

Notes: This word refers to a military guard, a garrison, or a place of confinement like a prison. It can also denote the act of guarding or keeping watch. It is typically used to describe a group of people or a structure involved in security or detention.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΑΙΣ, ΤΗΡΗΣΕΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek φρουρά (phroura), meaning 'a watching, a guard, a garrison'. It is related to προοράω (prooraō), meaning 'to foresee, to watch over'.

G1966, G1223

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-meh-leh-STEH-raiss dee-eh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: (to) more careful, (to) more diligent, (to) more attentive, (to) more painstaking, he was taking up, he was receiving, he was distinguishing, he was understanding

Notes: This appears to be a compound word or two words concatenated without a space: ἘΠΙΜΕΛΕΣΤΕΡΑΙΣ and ΔΙΕΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΝ. The first part, ἘΠΙΜΕΛΕΣΤΕΡΑΙΣ, is the dative plural feminine form of the comparative adjective 'more careful' or 'more diligent'. It describes something or someone as being more attentive or painstaking, and would typically be used with a preposition like 'to' or 'for'. The second part, ΔΙΕΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΝ, is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'to take up', 'to receive', 'to distinguish', or 'to understand'. It describes an ongoing action in the past, indicating that 'he/she/it was taking up' or 'was understanding'.

Inflection: ἘΠΙΜΕΛΕΣΤΕΡΑΙΣ: Comparative, Dative, Plural, Feminine. ΔΙΕΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΝ: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΚΤΙΚΟΣ, ἘΠΙΜΟΝΟΣ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TEH-khein

Translations: to hold fast, to hold out, to cling to, to be loyal to, to resist, to endure, to persevere, to stand firm

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἀντέχω (antéchō). It means 'to hold fast to' or 'to cling to' something, often implying loyalty, steadfastness, or resistance. It can also mean 'to endure' or 'to persevere' in a difficult situation, or 'to stand firm' against opposition. It is often used with the dative case to indicate what one is holding fast to or resisting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G0848, G2478

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: ah-too-moh-LEE-as-IS-khoo-on

Translations: of desertion, they were able, they were strong, they prevailed

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a concatenation of two separate Koine Greek words: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΜΟΛΙΑΣ (automolias) and ἸΣΧΥΟΝ (ischyon). ΑΥ̓ΤΟΜΟΛΙΑΣ is the genitive singular form of the noun ΑΥ̓ΤΟΜΟΛΙΑ, meaning 'desertion' or 'defection'. ἸΣΧΥΟΝ is the third person plural imperfect active indicative of the verb ἸΣΧΥΩ, meaning 'to be strong', 'to be able', or 'to prevail'. In context, it would typically mean 'they were able concerning desertion' or 'they were strong against desertion'.

Inflection: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΜΟΛΙΑΣ: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; ἸΣΧΥΟΝ: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G2543

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-ston

Translations: (of) most, (of) very many, (of) the greatest number

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the superlative adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As a superlative, 'πλείστων' means 'most' or 'very many', referring to the greatest quantity or number of something. It is used to describe a group or collection where the majority or the largest portion is being referred to.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΙΣΤΩΝ, ΠΟΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'πολύς' (polys) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'much' or 'many' in various Indo-European languages.

G5407

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foh-ney-oh-MEH-nohn

Translations: (of) those being murdered, (of) those being slain, (of) those being killed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'phoneyo,' meaning 'to murder' or 'to kill.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to 'those who are being murdered' or 'those who are being slain.' It is often used to describe victims of violence or conflict.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Middle/Passive Voice, Present Tense

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΑΝΑΙΡΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-khon-toh

Translations: they were receiving, they were accepting, they were welcoming, they were taking

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to receive,' 'to accept,' or 'to welcome.' It describes an action of taking something offered or given, or of showing hospitality to someone. It is often used in contexts where someone is taking something into their possession or allowing someone into their presence.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G4240

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: prah-OH-tay-tah

Translations: gentleness, meekness, humility, a gentleness, a meekness, a humility

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being gentle, mild, or humble. It describes a disposition that is not harsh, arrogant, or self-assertive, but rather calm, patient, and considerate. It is often used to describe a virtue or a desirable character trait.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ (praotēs) is derived from the adjective πρᾶος (praos), meaning 'mild', 'gentle', or 'meek'. It describes the state or quality of being gentle.

G0290

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-meh-LAY-sahn-toss

Translations: of neglecting, of having neglected, of being careless, of disregarding

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἀμελέω', meaning 'to neglect' or 'to be careless'. As a participle, it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing an action that has occurred in the past and attributing that action to a noun. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or relation to the act of neglecting or being careless.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ὈΛΙΓΩΡΕΩ, ἈΜΕΛΕΙΑ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: OW-toy-KO-roh

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a highly obscure or garbled form of a word. It is not found in standard Koine Greek lexicons or dictionaries. It seems to combine the prefix 'αὐτο-' (auto-, meaning 'self' or 'same') and 'οἶκο-' (oiko-, related to 'house' or 'dwelling'), but the ending '-ρω' does not form a recognizable Greek word. It is possible it's a very rare or specialized term, or a scribal error. Without further context or clarification, its meaning remains unknown.

Inflection: Unknown

Etymology: Cannot find any information about the etymology of this word, as it does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word.

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KTEI-neen

Translations: to kill, to slay, to murder

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'κτείνω' (kteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes the action of causing death to someone or something. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to kill' and can be used as a noun (e.g., 'the act of killing') or to complete the meaning of another verb (e.g., 'he wanted to kill').

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to strike, to kill'. It is related to other Greek words involving striking or cutting.

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-peh-KHO-meh-noy

Translations: abstaining, refraining, holding oneself off, keeping away from

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ἀπέχω (apechō). It describes someone who is actively holding themselves away from something, abstaining, or refraining. It implies a deliberate act of separation or avoidance, often used in a moral or ethical context to mean 'to keep oneself from' or 'to abstain from'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἔχω (echō, 'to have, to hold'). The compound verb literally means 'to hold oneself away from'.

G2771

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ker-DOOS

Translations: (of) gain, (of) profit, (of) advantage, (of) lucre

Notes: This word refers to gain, profit, or advantage, often in a financial or material sense. It can also refer to the benefit or advantage derived from something. It is typically used to describe the outcome of an action or transaction that results in something positive for the individual or group involved.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΡΔΟΣ, ΩΦΕΛΕΙΑ, ΠΛΕΟΝΕΞΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΕΡΔΟΣ (kerdos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an older root meaning 'to acquire' or 'to get'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2641

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON-tes

Translations: leaving behind, forsaking, abandoning, deserting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of leaving behind or forsaking. It can refer to 'those who have left behind' or 'having left behind'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-noos

Translations: alone, only, solitary, the only ones, the solitary ones

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone', 'only', or 'solitary'. It describes a state of being by oneself or being the sole instance of something. It can be used to emphasize uniqueness or isolation. In this form, it is the masculine plural accusative case, meaning it would typically modify a masculine plural noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΙΔΙΟΣ

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-lon

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, throng, a throng

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also denote a throng or a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear him speak.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to disturb' or 'to trouble', perhaps referring to the commotion a crowd can cause.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G1135, G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Noun

Sounds like: goo-NEH-xee-KAI

Translations: and women, and wives, and a woman, and a wife

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the dative plural of the noun 'γυνή' (gynē), meaning 'woman' or 'wife', combined with the conjunction 'καί' (kai), meaning 'and'. Therefore, it translates to 'and women' or 'and wives'. It indicates that the action or state described applies to women or wives in addition to something else previously mentioned. The dative case implies 'to' or 'for' women/wives, or 'with' them, depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine (for ΓΥΝΑΙΞΙ); Does not inflect (for ΚΑΙ)

G1646

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-LAH-khees-tays

Translations: of the least, of the smallest, of the very small

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'small' or 'little'. It means 'least' or 'smallest' and is used to describe something that is the absolute minimum in size, quantity, or importance. It can refer to the lowest in rank, the most insignificant, or the very smallest amount of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΤΑΤΟΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἐλάχιστος (elachistos) is the superlative form of the adjective ἐλαχύς (elachys), meaning 'small' or 'little'. It is related to the comparative form ἐλάσσων (elassōn), meaning 'smaller' or 'less'.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G4098, G2532

Part of Speech: Participle, Conjunction

Sounds like: pip-ras-ko-MEH-non-KAI

Translations: of those being sold and, of things being sold and, and

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'πιπράσκω' (pipraskō), meaning 'to sell', and the conjunction 'καί' (kai), meaning 'and'. The first part, 'πιπρασκομένων', is in the genitive plural, indicating 'of those being sold' or 'of things being sold'. The second part, 'καί', connects this phrase to another element in the sentence. It describes a situation where items or people are in the process of being sold, followed by an additional element introduced by 'and'.

Inflection: ΠΙΠΡΑΣΚΟΜΕΝΩΝ: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders. ΚΑΙ: Does not inflect.

Synonyms: ΠΩΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΥΝ

G2539

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-per

Translations: although, though, even though, even if, notwithstanding

Notes: This word is a compound particle used to introduce a concessive clause, meaning 'although' or 'even though'. It indicates that something is true despite a contrary condition or circumstance. It often appears with a participle, expressing a concession.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai), meaning 'and' or 'even', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which is an intensive particle. Together, they form a strong concessive meaning.

G4296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-kay-ROO-xass

Translations: having proclaimed, having preached, having announced beforehand, having published

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'προ' (before) and 'κηρύσσω' (to proclaim). It means to proclaim, preach, or announce something in advance or publicly. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and modifies a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has performed the action of proclaiming.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΑΝΑΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word προκηρύσσω (prokērýssō) is a compound of the preposition πρό (pró), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb κηρύσσω (kērýssō), meaning 'to proclaim' or 'to preach'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-THEH-nah

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, any, not any, none

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one', 'nobody', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that there is 'not any' of that noun. As a pronoun, it stands in for 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is often used in prohibitions or commands, especially with the subjunctive mood, to forbid an action.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

G1074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ge-ne-AS

Translations: of a generation, of generations, a generation, generations, of a race, of races, a race, races, of a family, of families, a family, families, of a kind, of kinds, a kind, kinds

Notes: This word refers to a generation of people, a race, a family, or a kind/species. It can also denote the time span of a generation. In the provided examples, it is used in the phrase "generations of generations" (ΓΕΝΕΑΣ ΓΕΝΕΩΝ), emphasizing a very long or eternal duration.

Inflection: Singular Genitive or Plural Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning "to come into being" or "to be born."

G3676

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-mohs

Translations: nevertheless, however, yet, still, but, even so

Notes: This word is an adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It indicates a concession or a continuation despite a preceding condition, similar to 'nevertheless' or 'however' in English. It can be used to emphasize that something is true despite an obstacle or contrary fact.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΝ, ΑΛΛΑ, ΚΑΙΤΟΙ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ὁμο- (homo-), meaning 'same' or 'alike', combined with the suffix -ως (-ōs), which forms adverbs. It originally conveyed the idea of 'in the same way' or 'equally', evolving to mean 'nevertheless' or 'however' in a concessive sense.

G3778, G1209

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Verb

Sounds like: TOO-too-seh-DEH-kheh-toh

Translations: these, those, he was receiving, he was accepting, he was welcoming

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΥΤΟΥΣ (TOUTOUS) and the verb ἘΔΕΧΕΤΟ (EDEXETO). ΤΟΥΤΟΥΣ means 'these' or 'those' and is used to point out specific people or things. ἘΔΕΧΕΤΟ means 'he was receiving,' 'he was accepting,' or 'he was welcoming.' The combined phrase indicates that 'he was receiving/accepting/welcoming these/those (people or things).'

Inflection: ΤΟΥΤΟΥΣ: Plural, Accusative, Masculine. ἘΔΕΧΕΤΟ: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle Voice.

G2186

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pes-TEE-seh

Translations: he stood over, he set over, he appointed, he established, he came upon, he attacked

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ephistēmi. It means 'he stood over' or 'he set over'. It can also mean 'he appointed' someone to a position, 'he established' something, or 'he came upon' or 'he attacked' someone or something. Its meaning can vary depending on the context and the case of the object it takes.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ephistēmi is a compound verb formed from the preposition epi (upon, over) and the verb histēmi (to stand, to cause to stand).

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G1252

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ah-kree-NOON-tahs

Translations: distinguishing, discerning, judging, doubting, wavering, disputing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'διακρίνω' (diakrinō). It means to distinguish, discern, judge, or separate. In a broader sense, it can also mean to doubt, hesitate, or waver, especially in matters of faith or decision. It can also refer to disputing or contending with someone. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the main verb, often translated as 'one who distinguishes' or 'while distinguishing'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΣΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word διακρίνω (diakrinō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'. This etymology highlights the core meaning of distinguishing or judging between things.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G2851

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-LAH-seh-ohs

Translations: of punishment, of correction, of chastisement

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a very rare variant of the genitive singular form of the Koine Greek noun 'κόλασις' (kolasis), which means 'punishment,' 'correction,' or 'chastisement.' It refers to the act or process of inflicting a penalty or discipline. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the source or object of punishment, for example, 'the fear of punishment' or 'the purpose of correction.' The initial 'ΕἸΗ' part is unusual and suggests a possible scribal error or a highly irregular form.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-os

Translations: worthy, deserving, fit, suitable, a worthy one, a deserving one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being worthy, deserving, or suitable for a particular purpose, action, or reward. It can be used to express that someone is 'worthy of' something, often followed by a genitive case, or 'deserving of' a certain fate or honor. It implies a correspondence between the quality of a person or thing and what is due to them.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This adjective can inflect for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular, plural), and case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, to weigh'. It is related to the idea of balance and weighing, thus leading to the concept of worth or value.

G0591

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pem-po-lay-THEN-tone

Translations: of those sold, of those sold off, of those sold into slavery

Notes: This is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo, 'away from') and ἐμπολάω (empolao, 'to buy or sell'). It means 'to sell off' or 'to sell into slavery'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been sold off. It is often used in contexts of people being sold as slaves or property being disposed of.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΩΛΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G550

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-PEH-ee-ron

Translations: infinite, boundless, immense, endless, unlimited, a boundless thing, the infinite

Notes: This word describes something without limit or end, whether in space, time, or quantity. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can be substantivized and used as a noun itself, referring to 'the infinite' or 'a boundless thing'. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πεῖρα' (peira, meaning 'end' or 'limit').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΤΕΛΕΣ, ἈΠΕΡΑΝΤΟΣ, ἈΝΕΚΛΕΙΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΕΙΡΟΝ is derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not', 'without') and πεῖρα (peira, 'end', 'limit', 'boundary'). It literally means 'without end' or 'without limit'.

G1218

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: day-moh-tee-KOY

Translations: popular, of the people, common, common people, citizens, a citizen

Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to or characteristic of the common people or the populace. As an adjective, it can modify a noun to indicate its popular nature. As a noun, it refers to the common people or citizens themselves, often in contrast to the elite or rulers. It is a compound word derived from 'δῆμος' (dēmos), meaning 'people' or 'district', and the suffix '-τικός' (-tikos), forming adjectives.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΪΚΟΣ, ΠΟΛΙΤΗΣ

G1295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-SOH-thay-san

Translations: they were saved, they were rescued, they escaped safely

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve'. Therefore, διασῴζω means 'to save through', 'to bring safely through', or 'to rescue completely'. In this form, it indicates that a group of people were saved or rescued, often implying a difficult or dangerous situation from which they emerged safely.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: tet-ra-KISS-moo-REE-oos

Translations: forty thousand

Notes: This word is a compound numeral meaning 'forty thousand'. It is formed from 'τετράκις' (tetrakis), meaning 'four times', and 'μυρίοι' (myrioi), meaning 'ten thousand'. It is used to describe a quantity of forty thousand of something, typically modifying a noun in a sentence.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of τετράκις (tetrakis), meaning 'four times', and μυρίοι (myrioi), meaning 'ten thousand' or 'myriad'.

G1232

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-FEE-ken

Translations: sent away, released, dismissed, let go, allowed to depart

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb διαφίημι (diaphiēmi). It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to let go'. It means to send away, release, dismiss, or allow someone or something to depart. It is used to describe an action that was completed in the past.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-lon

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: theh-boo-THAY-pice

Translations: Thebouthi's son, Thebouthi's servant

Notes: This word appears to be a compound proper noun, likely a transliteration of a foreign name combined with a Greek element. It seems to be composed of 'Θεβουθει' (Thebouthi), which is probably a transliterated name, and 'παις' (pais), meaning 'child', 'son', or 'servant'. Therefore, it would mean 'Thebouthi's son' or 'Thebouthi's servant'. It is not a common Koine Greek word and is likely a specific personal identifier.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: This word is a compound of a transliterated name, 'Θεβουθει' (Thebouthi), and the Greek word 'παις' (pais). The name 'Thebouthi' itself is likely of non-Greek origin, possibly Hebrew or Aramaic, but its precise etymology is not readily available in this context.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DOH-say

Translations: he will hand over, he will deliver, he will betray, he will entrust, he will give up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' 'to betray,' 'to entrust,' or 'to give up.' It describes the act of transferring something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a message, handing over a prisoner, betraying someone, or entrusting a task.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-RON

Translations: (of) holy, (of) sacred, (of) consecrated, (of) a holy thing, (of) sacred things, (of) holy places

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'holy' or 'sacred'. It describes something belonging to or associated with the divine, a temple, or religious rites. It can also function as a noun in the genitive plural, referring to 'holy things' or 'sacred places'. It is often used to describe objects, places, or actions that are set apart for religious purposes.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from an ancient root meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', often associated with that which is set apart for a deity or religious use. It is related to the concept of sacrifice and divine power.

G2756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kay-MAY-lee-ohn

Translations: of treasures, of precious things, of valuables, of stored articles

Notes: This word refers to valuable possessions, often those that are stored away, hidden, or kept as a treasure. It can denote anything precious or highly valued, such as heirlooms, stored goods, or valuable articles. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of treasures' or 'belonging to treasures'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΩΝ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΚΕΙΜΗΛΙΟΝ (keimēlion) derives from the verb ΚΕΙΜΑΙ (keimai), meaning 'to lie, to be laid, to be stored'. Thus, it literally refers to something laid up or stored away, implying its value and preservation.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EYE-see

Translations: goes out, comes out, departs, issues forth

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It describes movement from an inside place to an outside place, or a departure from a location. It can also refer to something issuing forth, like a river flowing into the sea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΙΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to go'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DI-do-sin

Translations: he delivers, he hands over, he commits, he entrusts, he betrays, he gives up, he yields

Notes: This verb describes the action of delivering something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's. It can mean to hand over, to commit, to entrust, or even to betray, depending on the context. It is often used in the sense of giving up or yielding something.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Thus, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to hand over'.

G5109

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TOY-khoo

Translations: of a wall, of the wall

Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically one that encloses or divides a space, such as a house or a city. It is used to denote the boundary or structure of a building or enclosure. In the provided examples, it appears in contexts relating to a stone crying out from a wall, or someone looking from behind a wall.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΚΥΚΛΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΙΧΟΣ (toichos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb τείχω (teichō), meaning 'to build a wall'.

G3485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NAH-oo

Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples

Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.

G3898

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-rap-lee-SEE-as

Translations: similar, like, resembling, (of) similar (things), (of) like (things), (of) resembling (things), similar (things), like (things), resembling (things)

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'similar,' 'like,' or 'resembling.' It is used to describe something that bears a close resemblance or likeness to something else. It can be used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or qualities.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Genitive or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ

G5352

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-AH-las

Translations: bowl, a bowl, phial, a phial, vial, a vial, (of) a bowl, (of) a phial, (of) a vial

Notes: This word refers to a shallow bowl or a broad, shallow cup, often used for libations or offerings. It can also refer to a vial or a phial, a small container for liquids. In the provided context, it appears in the plural, indicating multiple bowls or vials.

Inflection: Feminine, Accusative Plural or Genitive Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΡΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΑΛΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pre-Greek substrate language.

G3642

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oh-loh-KHROO-sah

Translations: all gold, all golden, entirely golden, made entirely of gold

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all gold' or 'entirely golden'. It describes something that is made completely out of gold. It can be used to describe objects, structures, or anything else that is composed entirely of this precious metal.

Inflection: Nominative, Vocative, or Accusative; Plural; Neuter. Or Nominative or Vocative; Singular; Feminine.

Synonyms: ΧΡΥΣΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ὅλος (holos), meaning 'whole' or 'entire', and χρυσός (chrysos), meaning 'gold'. Thus, it literally means 'whole gold' or 'entirely gold'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DI-doh-see

Translations: he hands over, he delivers, he commits, he entrusts, he betrays, he gives up

Notes: This word describes the action of handing something over, delivering it, or entrusting it to someone else. It can also carry the negative connotation of betraying someone or giving them up to an enemy or authority. It is used to describe a singular subject performing the action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside, from,' and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give.' Thus, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to hand over.'

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2665

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-PEH-tahs-mah-tah

Translations: veil, a veil, curtain, a curtain

Notes: This word refers to a veil or curtain, often a large and significant one. In ancient contexts, it frequently describes the curtain that separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place in the Jewish Temple or Tabernacle. It can also refer to other types of hangings or coverings.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΜΜΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΤΑΣΜΑ

Etymology: The word καταπέτασμα (katapetasma) is a compound word derived from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and πέτασμα (petasma), meaning 'something spread out' or 'a covering'. The verb πετάννυμι (petannymi) means 'to spread out'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is spread down' or 'a hanging spread out'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohn

Translations: of high priests, of chief priests

Notes: This word refers to those who hold the highest priestly office. In ancient Israel, this was the head of the priesthood, responsible for leading religious ceremonies and sacrifices. In the New Testament, it often refers to the leading members of the Jewish priestly class, including the high priest and other prominent priests.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pol-LA-tohn

Translations: of many, of much, of great, of numerous

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a very rare/late form of the genitive plural of the adjective "πολύς" (polys), which means "much" or "many." The standard Koine Greek form for the genitive plural is "ΠΟΛΛΩΝ" (pollōn). It describes the quantity or extent of something, indicating that it belongs to or is associated with a large number or amount of things. For example, it could be used in phrases like "the possessions of many" or "the works of much effort."

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΑΦΘΟΝΟΣ

G2418

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-oor-GHEE-as

Translations: of sacred service, of sacred ministration, of priestly service, of a sacred rite, of a religious ceremony

Notes: This word refers to the performance of sacred duties or religious rites, often associated with priestly functions or public worship. It describes the act of carrying out a holy service or a religious ceremony. It is a compound word formed from 'ἱερός' (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', and 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΙΑΣ, ΘΡΗΣΚΕΙΑΣ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑΣ

G4815

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sool-layf-THEYS

Translations: having been seized, having been arrested, having been caught, having been conceived, when he was seized, when he was arrested

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning it describes an action that was completed in the past and was done to the subject. It indicates that someone or something was seized, arrested, caught, or conceived. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a temporal or causal relationship, such as 'when he was seized' or 'because he was seized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΣΘΕΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΦΘΕΙΣ

G1048

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gah-zoh-FOO-laks

Translations: treasurer, a treasurer, keeper of the treasury, temple treasurer

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'γάζα' (gaza), meaning 'treasure' or 'royal treasury', and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'guard' or 'keeper'. It refers to someone who is in charge of a treasury or a storehouse, often specifically the temple treasury. It is used to describe an official responsible for financial assets or valuable items.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΜΙΑΣ, ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΑΖΟΦΥΛΑΞ is a compound of two Greek words: γάζα (gaza), which is of Persian origin meaning 'treasure' or 'royal treasury', and φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'guard' or 'keeper'. It literally means 'treasure-keeper'.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G5320

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: FI-neh-as

Translations: Phinehas

Notes: Phinehas is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. In the Old Testament, Phinehas was the grandson of Aaron and a priest who was commended for his zeal for God. The name appears in various historical and religious texts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Phinehas is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name פִּינְחָס (Pinchas), meaning 'mouth of bronze' or 'mouth of a serpent'. It is a name with ancient roots, primarily known from biblical texts.

G5509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-TOH-nas

Translations: tunics, coats, garments

Notes: This word refers to an undergarment or tunic, typically worn next to the skin, similar to a shirt or a long robe. It was a common piece of clothing in ancient times, worn by both men and women. In the provided context, it is used in its plural form, referring to multiple tunics or garments.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word "χιτών" (chitōn) is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a word similar to the Hebrew "kuttoneth" or Aramaic "kittuna", referring to a tunic or shirt.

G2223, G5263

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: zoh-nas-yoo-peh-DEIK-seh

Translations: he showed the belts, he pointed out the belts, he displayed the belts

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ζώνη' (zōnē), meaning 'belt' or 'girdle', and 'ὑποδείκνυμι' (hypodeiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. The word 'ΖΩΝΑΣΥΠΕΔΕΙΞΕ' means 'he showed the belts' or 'he pointed out the belts'. It describes the action of someone revealing or indicating multiple belts.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative Active (of ὑποδείκνυμι), with Accusative Plural Feminine (of ζώνη) as its direct object.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G2749

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-KAY-toh

Translations: was laid up, was stored, was reserved, was set aside, was appointed

Notes: This is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb ἀπόκειμαι (apokeimai), which means 'to be laid away, stored up, or reserved'. In the middle voice, it can mean 'to lay up for oneself' or 'to be laid up'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be laid up' or 'to be reserved'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It describes something that was continuously or habitually stored or set aside.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PO-loo-KAI

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, a lot

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a garbled form of the Koine Greek word ΠΟΛΥΣ (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. It can function as an adjective describing quantity or an adverb indicating frequency or degree. In the provided context, it seems to be used to describe a large quantity of purple material. The ending '-ΚΑΙ' is not a standard inflection for ΠΟΛΥΣ, which typically inflects as ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΟΛΛΗ, ΠΟΛΥ.

Inflection: Likely a misspelling of an inflected form of ΠΟΛΥΣ. The expected inflections for 'much' or 'many' would vary by gender, number, and case (e.g., Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Singular, Plural; Masculine, Feminine, Neuter).

Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ROHN

Translations: of others, of other things, of different ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'heteros', meaning 'other' or 'another'. It often implies a difference in kind or quality, distinguishing it from 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to refer to things or people that are distinct or different from those previously mentioned or understood.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin word 'alter' (other, another).

G4838

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: sym-MIS-gon-tes

Translations: mingling together, mixing with, associating with, having intercourse with, those who mingle, while mingling

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μίσγω' (misgo), meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'. Therefore, it means 'to mix together', 'to mingle with', or 'to associate with'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb, often translated as 'while mingling' or 'those who are mingling'. It can refer to physical mixing or social association.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΓΩ, ΣΥΝΑΝΑΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ

G2370

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-thoo-MEE-ohn

Translations: to burn incense, to offer incense

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to burn incense' or 'to offer incense'. It is typically used in religious contexts, referring to the act of burning aromatic substances as an offering to a deity or idol. It describes the ritualistic act of making a fragrant offering, often as part of worship or sacrifice.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word θυμιάω (thymiaō) comes from θυμίαμα (thymiaō), meaning 'incense', which in turn is related to θύω (thyō), meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer'. The root concept involves the act of burning or offering something, particularly with smoke or fragrance.

G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oh-SEE-meh-rai

Translations: daily, day by day, every day

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'daily' or 'every day'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur on a regular, day-to-day basis. For example, one might say 'he goes to the market daily' or 'they learn something new every day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘ' ΗΜΕΡΑΝ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΑΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek words ὅσος (hosos), meaning 'as much as', and ἡμέρα (hēmera), meaning 'day'. It literally means 'as much as a day' or 'every day'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-thee

Translations: he was delivered, it was delivered, he was handed over, it was handed over, he was betrayed, it was betrayed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'paradidomi', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', or 'to betray'. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past, where the subject received the action (was handed over, delivered, or betrayed). It is often used in contexts of legal or judicial delivery, or in the sense of someone being betrayed to an enemy.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G3588, G0243

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Adjective

Sounds like: TON-AL-lohn

Translations: of the others, of the rest, of other things, of the remaining ones

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the genitive plural definite article 'ΤΩΝ' (ton) and the genitive plural adjective 'ἈΛΛΩΝ' (allōn). It means 'of the others' or 'of the rest'. It is used to refer to a group of people or things that are distinct from a previously mentioned group, indicating possession or origin from them. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the possessions of the others'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

Synonyms: ΛΟΙΠΩΝ, ὙΠΟΛΟΙΠΩΝ

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mos

Translations: world, a world, universe, order, adornment, decoration, ornament

Notes: This word refers to the world or the universe, often implying an ordered system. It can also refer to adornment or decoration, such as jewelry or clothing, highlighting the idea of something well-arranged or beautiful. In a broader sense, it can denote humanity or the inhabitants of the earth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΓΗ

Etymology: From the verb κοσμέω (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to put in order, to adorn'. The noun form thus carries the sense of something ordered, arranged, or beautiful.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hee-eh-ROS

Translations: holy, sacred, consecrated, a holy thing, a sacred thing

Notes: This word describes something as holy, sacred, or consecrated, often in a religious context. It can refer to persons, places, or objects set apart for divine use or considered divine in nature. It is used to denote that which pertains to God or is dedicated to religious purposes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to revere' or 'to be filled with awe'. It is related to words signifying 'strength' or 'power', suggesting a connection to divine power or authority.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G2983

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leef-THEN-tee

Translations: (to) having been taken, (to) having been received, (to) having been seized, (to) having been captured

Notes: This word is a dative masculine or neuter singular aorist passive participle of the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambanō), meaning 'to take, receive, seize, or capture.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is directed towards or for someone/something. It indicates the state of having been taken or received.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G0847

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ow-toh-MO-los

Translations: deserter, a deserter, runaway, a runaway, fugitive, a fugitive, traitor, a traitor

Notes: This word refers to someone who deserts, especially from military service, or a runaway. It can be used as an adjective meaning 'deserter' or 'runaway', or as a noun meaning 'a deserter' or 'a runaway'. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive plural, meaning 'of deserters' or 'of runaways'.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (as a noun); Masculine, Feminine, Neuter, Singular, Nominative (as an adjective)

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΣΤΑΤΗΣ, ΦΥΓΑΣ, ΠΡΟΔΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and μολών (molōn), the aorist participle of βλώσκω (blōskō), meaning 'to go' or 'to come'. Thus, it literally means 'one who goes by oneself' or 'one who comes of one's own accord', implying desertion.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-keh

Translations: he gave, she gave, it gave, he granted, she granted, it granted, he put, she put, it put

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give', 'to grant', or 'to put'. It is used to describe an action of bestowing something or placing something. This specific form indicates that the action of giving or granting happened in the past and was completed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present form, common in ancient Greek verbs.

G4931

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-teh-teh-les-MEH-non

Translations: of having been completed, of having been finished, of having been accomplished, of having been brought to an end

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'συντελέω' (synteleō). It describes something that has been brought to completion, finished, or accomplished. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to' the completed things.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gor-pee-AI-oo

Translations: of Gorpiaios, of Gorpiaeus

Notes: This word refers to the month of Gorpiaios, which was a month in the ancient Macedonian calendar. It corresponds roughly to parts of August and September in the Gregorian calendar. As a proper noun, it is used to denote a specific period of time, often in historical or chronological contexts, as seen in the example usage where it marks the beginning of an event.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Gorpiaios is derived from the Macedonian calendar. It is believed to be related to the harvest season, though its precise etymology is debated.

G4314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AY-gon

Translations: they were bringing, they were leading, they were offering, they were presenting

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'προσάγω' (prosago), which is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros, meaning 'to' or 'toward') and 'ἄγω' (ago, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It generally means to bring or lead someone or something to a specific place or person, or to offer or present something. In this form, it indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word προσάγω (prosago) is a compound verb derived from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead, to bring'. Its etymology reflects the combination of movement towards a destination.

G3180

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NAS

Translations: machines, devices, contrivances, schemes, plots

Notes: This word refers to a machine, device, or contrivance, often one used for a specific purpose, such as a military engine or a tool. It can also refer to a clever plan, scheme, or plot, especially one designed to achieve a particular outcome, whether good or bad. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΝΟΙΑ, ΤΕΧΝΗ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mēchanē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It is related to words signifying ability, means, or contrivance.

G0390

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-KHO-roon

Translations: they were withdrawing, they were departing, they were retiring, they were going away

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person plural form of the verb 'ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action of withdrawing, departing, or going away, performed by a group of people in the past. It implies a movement away from a place or situation, often for safety, privacy, or to avoid conflict.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kran

Translations: highest, outermost, extreme, top, peak, summit, edge, a peak, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, tip, or extreme edge. It can refer to the highest point of a mountain, the tip of a finger, or the outermost part of something. It is used to denote the extremity or culmination of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ἈΚΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ak- ('sharp, pointed'). It refers to the sharp or pointed end of something, hence the meaning of 'highest' or 'extreme'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-kah-teh-DYOO-on-toh

Translations: they were sinking, they were submerging, they were plunging into

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefixes ἐν (en, meaning 'in' or 'into'), κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'down into'), and the verb δύω (dyo, meaning 'to sink' or 'to enter'). The full verb means 'to sink down into', 'to submerge oneself', or 'to plunge into'. It describes an action of going deeply into something, often with the implication of being overwhelmed or disappearing within it. It is used to describe things like ships sinking, or people being submerged in water.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΥΩ, ΕΙΣΔΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐγκαταδύω is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en, 'in, into'), the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, downwards'), and the verb δύω (dyo, 'to enter, to sink'). The combination of these elements creates the meaning of sinking or plunging deeply into something.

G1293

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-as-TAN-tes

Translations: having stood apart, having separated, standing apart, having withdrawn, having gone away

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΔΙΙΣΤΗΜΙ (diistēmi), meaning 'to stand apart' or 'to separate'. As a participle, it describes an action completed or occurring before or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence, indicating that the subjects have moved away from each other or from a particular place. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia, 'through, apart') and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi, 'to stand').

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΧΩΡΙΣΘΕΝΤΕΣ

G0297

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MOO-non-toh

Translations: they defended, they warded off, they repelled, they resisted, they assisted

Notes: This verb means to ward off, defend, repel, or assist. In the middle voice, as it appears here, it specifically means to defend oneself or to ward off for oneself. It describes an action of resistance or protection against an attack or threat.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΟΥΩ, ΑΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀμύνω (amynō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to keep off' or 'to ward off'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-AH-gon-tas

Translations: those bringing near, those approaching, those presenting, those leading to

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb προσάγω (prosago), meaning 'to bring to,' 'to lead to,' 'to approach,' or 'to present.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of bringing, approaching, or presenting something or someone. In the provided examples, it refers to 'those who are bringing' or 'those who are approaching.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΟΝΤΑΣ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΓΓΙΖΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word προσάγω (prosago) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to,' 'towards,' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.'

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-leh-POH-leess

Translations: siege towers, war engines, battering rams

Notes: An 'helepolis' was a massive, mobile siege tower used in ancient warfare, particularly by the Greeks and Romans. These structures were designed to protect soldiers while they approached enemy fortifications, allowing them to breach walls or engage defenders from a height. The word 'ΕΛΕΠΟΛΕΙΣ' is the plural form, referring to multiple such war machines.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Etymology: The word 'helepolis' is a compound word derived from the Greek 'ἑλεῖν' (helein), meaning 'to take' or 'to capture', and 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city'. Thus, it literally means 'city-taker' or 'city-capturer', reflecting its purpose in siege warfare.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-ra-TOON

Translations: they were holding, they were seizing, they were prevailing, they were ruling, they were taking hold of, they were mastering

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb κρατέω (krateō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to hold,' 'to seize,' 'to grasp,' 'to be strong,' 'to prevail,' or 'to rule.' It often implies exercising power or control over something or someone. For example, it could be used to say 'they were holding onto the rope' or 'they were prevailing over their enemies.'

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

G2544

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, indeed

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'although', indicating a concession or an unexpected turn of events. It can be used to emphasize a point despite a preceding statement, or to introduce a surprising fact. It does not inflect.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the connection between two clauses while introducing a contrasting or concessive idea.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-ton

Translations: greatest, largest, most important, a greatest thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. Therefore, 'μέγιστον' translates to 'greatest', 'largest', or 'most important'. It is used to describe something that surpasses all others in size, importance, or degree. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating the highest degree of a quality.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'μέγας' (megas), from which 'μέγιστον' is derived, comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'great' or 'large'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.

G3935

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-ee-MEH-nohn

Translations: weakened, relaxed, paralyzed, neglected, let go, given up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρίημι' (pariēmi), meaning 'to let go, relax, or neglect'. As a participle, it describes something that has been weakened, relaxed, or neglected. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'those who are weakened' or 'things that are neglected'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΕΝΩΝ, ΧΑΛΑΡΩΝ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G4444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PYR-gohn

Translations: of towers, towers

Notes: This word refers to towers, which are tall, fortified structures, often part of a city wall or a standalone defensive building. In its genitive plural form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of towers' or 'belonging to towers'. It can also be used to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a tower or a fortified structure.

G5180, G3588

Part of Speech: Participle, Article

Sounds like: TOOP-toh-meh-noi-TOIS

Translations: being struck, being beaten, to the, for the

Notes: This word appears to be a concatenation or misspelling of two separate words: the participle "ΤΥΠΤΟΜΕΝΟΙ" (typtomenoi) and the definite article "ΤΟΙΣ" (tois). "ΤΥΠΤΟΜΕΝΟΙ" is the present passive participle of the verb "ΤΥΠΤΩ" (typtō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to beat', and it means 'being struck' or 'being beaten'. "ΤΟΙΣ" is the dative plural form of the definite article 'the'. When combined, as in the example usage, it would likely mean 'to those being struck' or 'by those being struck'.

Inflection: Participle: Present, Passive, Masculine, Nominative Plural; Article: Dative Plural, All Genders

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΕΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΤΑΧΘΕΝΤΕΣ

G1749

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-doh-san

Translations: they gave in, they yielded, they surrendered, they relaxed, they allowed

Notes: This word describes the action of giving in, yielding, or surrendering. It can also mean to relax or allow something. It is used to indicate that a group of people did not give way or did not yield to a request or pressure.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΚΩ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, 'in') and δίδωμι (didōmi, 'to give'). It literally means 'to give in' or 'to give up'.

G5437

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-GAY

Translations: flight, a flight, escape, a refuge

Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing, escaping, or taking refuge. It describes a rapid departure from danger or an undesirable situation. It can be used in contexts where someone is running away from an enemy, seeking safety, or simply making a quick exit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: From the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeug-, meaning 'to flee'.

G0292

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-my-no-MEH-non

Translations: of those defending, of those warding off, of those assisting, of those avenging

Notes: This word is a genitive plural middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ἀμύνω'. It refers to 'those who are defending themselves', 'those who are warding off an attack', or 'those who are assisting/avenging'. The middle voice indicates that the action is performed by the subject for their own benefit or on themselves.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Middle or Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ἈΛΕΞΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἀμύνω (amynō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- 'to project, to stand out'. It originally meant 'to keep off, ward off'.

G1167, G1191

Part of Speech: Noun, Particle

Sounds like: DEH-os-DEH

Translations: fear, awe, reverence, but, and, moreover

Notes: This appears to be a compound word or a phrase combining the noun 'ΔΕΟΣ' (fear, awe, reverence) with the postpositive particle 'ΔΕ' (but, and, moreover). The particle 'ΔΕ' is typically placed after the word it modifies or connects, so 'ΔΕΟΣΔΕ' would literally mean something like 'fear, moreover' or 'but fear'. It's possible this is a specific idiomatic usage or a less common construction. It could also potentially be a scribal error or a very rare form not commonly attested, as the combination is unusual.

Inflection: ΔΕΟΣ: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; ΔΕ: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ

G5177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-RAN-noys

Translations: (to) tyrants, (for) tyrants, (by) tyrants, (with) tyrants

Notes: This word refers to a tyrant or an absolute ruler, often one who seized power unconstitutionally or ruled oppressively. In ancient Greek, a 'tyrant' was not always negative, sometimes simply meaning a powerful ruler, but it often carried the connotation of an oppressive or cruel leader. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object or means.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΤΥΡΑΝΝΟΣ' is of pre-Greek origin, possibly from Lydian, and was adopted into Greek to describe a ruler who held absolute power, often without hereditary right.

G1706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-PIP-tee

Translations: he/she/it falls into, he/she/it falls upon, he/she/it happens upon, he/she/it encounters, he/she/it falls among, he/she/it rushes upon

Notes: This word means to fall into, fall upon, or happen upon something or someone. It implies an unexpected or sudden encounter, often with negative consequences, such as falling into a trap or danger. It can also mean to rush upon or attack. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in, into) and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (to fall).

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΣΥΜΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ is a compound of the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. Its etymology traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to falling or dropping.

G4970

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: SFO-dro-TEH-ron

Translations: more vehement, more violent, more intense, more exceedingly, more strongly, more vehemently, more violently, more intensely, more exceedingly, more strongly

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'σφοδρός' (sphodros), meaning 'vehement' or 'intense'. As an adjective, it describes something as being 'more vehement' or 'more intense'. As an adverb, it describes an action being done 'more vehemently' or 'more intensely'. It indicates a greater degree of force, intensity, or excess.

Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΟΝ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAYS

Translations: of necessity, of distress, of compulsion, of trouble, of constraint

Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation or a difficult situation. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of necessity' or 'of distress', showing that something belongs to or arises from a state of necessity or trouble.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΩΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑΣ, ΠΙΕΣΕΩΣ

G5235

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-BEE-nai

Translations: to go over, to cross over, to step over, to transgress, to exceed, to pass beyond

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and the verb 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. As an infinitive, it describes the action of going over, stepping beyond a boundary, or exceeding a limit. It can be used in contexts where one physically crosses something or metaphorically oversteps a rule or boundary.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over, beyond', and the verb 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oos

Translations: enemies, hostile ones

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone. It is often used as a substantive noun to mean 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. In a sentence, it would typically describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΥΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word πόλεμος (polemos) means 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) is used to form adjectives indicating belonging or relation. Thus, πολεμίος means 'belonging to war' or 'hostile', and by extension, 'an enemy'.

G4371

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-fy-GEEN

Translations: refuge, a refuge, flight, a flight

Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing for safety or a place of safety itself. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and φυγή (phygē), meaning 'flight' or 'fleeing'. It is used to describe seeking protection or a safe haven, often in the face of danger or persecution.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΥΓΗ, ΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΦΥΓΗ (prosfygē) is derived from the preposition πρός (pros, 'to, towards') and the noun φυγή (phygē, 'flight, fleeing').

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to behold, to look, to know, to understand

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is used to express the action of seeing or perceiving in a general sense, often without a specific time frame. It can also imply understanding or knowing something through observation. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He desired to see the truth' or 'It is good to see the light'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'ἰδ-' (id-) is derived from a different, but related, Proto-Indo-European root, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G0765, G213

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-seh-BEE-mah-see ah-la-ZOH-nas

Translations: (to) ungodly deeds, (to) impious acts, (to) acts of wickedness, boasters, arrogant ones, braggarts

Notes: This appears to be a concatenation or misspelling of two distinct Koine Greek words: 'ἀσεβήμασι' (asebēmasi) and 'ἀλαζόνας' (alazonas). 'Ἀσεβήμασι' is the dative plural of 'ἀσέβημα', meaning 'ungodly deed' or 'act of impiety'. It would typically be used to indicate the recipient or instrument of an action, such as 'to ungodly deeds' or 'by ungodly deeds'. 'Ἀλαζόνας' is the accusative plural of 'ἀλαζών', meaning 'boaster' or 'arrogant person'. It would typically be used as the direct object of a verb, such as 'seeing boasters' or 'condemning arrogant ones'. The combination suggests a possible scribal error or a very unusual compound.

Inflection: Dative Plural (for ἈΣΕΒΗΜΑΣΙ), Accusative Plural (for ἈΛΑΖΟΝΑΣ)

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΙΑ, ἈΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ὙΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G5011

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tah-pee-NOOS

Translations: humble, lowly, poor, the humble, the lowly, the poor

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is humble, lowly, or of low social standing. It can refer to a person who is modest and not proud, or to someone who is poor or in a disadvantaged position. In the provided examples, it is used as a substantive adjective, meaning 'the humble ones' or 'those who are lowly'. It is often used in contrast to those who are exalted or powerful.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΟΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

G5141

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: TREH-mon-tas

Translations: trembling, a trembling one, one who trembles

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'tremble'. It describes someone or something that is currently in a state of trembling or fear. It can be used to describe a person who is fearful or a physical object that is shaking. In the provided context, it describes people who are to be 'trembling and fearing' before God.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΣΕΙΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-nee-ro-TA-toys

Translations: most evil, most wicked, most malicious, to the most evil, to the most wicked, to the most malicious

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the adjective 'πονηρός' (ponēros), meaning 'evil,' 'wicked,' or 'malicious.' The ending '-τατοις' indicates that it is in the superlative degree, meaning 'most evil' or 'most wicked.' It describes a quality of being exceedingly bad or harmful. As a dative plural, it would typically function as an indirect object, indicating 'to' or 'for' the most evil ones, or as an instrument/means, indicating 'by' or 'with' the most evil ones, depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΣΤΟΙΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΑΤΟΙΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΣΤΑΤΟΙΣ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-TEH-khees-mah

Translations: circumvallation, a circumvallation, wall, a wall, rampart, a rampart, siege wall, a siege wall

Notes: This word refers to a wall or rampart built around a place, especially one constructed by a besieging army to cut off the besieged from outside help or to protect themselves from sorties. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (around) and 'τείχισμα' (a wall or fortification). It describes a structure that encircles something.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word is derived from the verb 'περιτειχίζω' (to build a wall around), which combines the preposition 'περί' (around) with 'τειχίζω' (to build a wall), itself from 'τεῖχος' (wall). The suffix '-μα' indicates the result of an action.

G5143

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: drah-MON-tes

Translations: running, having run, those who ran

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'running' or 'having run'. It describes an action that was completed before the action of the main verb in the sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or providing circumstantial information about the main verb's action.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΔΡΑΜΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΕΧΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to run'.

G5594

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-SAH-sthai

Translations: to push, to thrust, to drive, to shove, to repel

Notes: This word means to push, thrust, or drive, often with force or violence. It can be used to describe physically pushing people or objects, or metaphorically driving something forward or repelling an attack. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to push' or 'to drive'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΠΩΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ὠθέω (otheo) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the idea of pushing or thrusting.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-ROOS

Translations: guards, the guards

Notes: This word refers to guards, sentinels, or watchmen. It is used to describe individuals who are stationed to protect or keep watch over a place, person, or thing. It can be used in contexts of military protection, security, or even spiritual safeguarding.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ, ΤΗΡΗΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ (phrouros) comes from the verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureo), meaning 'to guard' or 'to watch over'. It is related to ΠΡΟ (pro, 'before') and ΟΡΑΩ (horaō, 'to see'), suggesting 'one who sees before' or 'one who watches in front'.

G1289

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-KOP-san-tes

Translations: having cut through, having cut in two, having broken through, having interrupted, having cut off

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διακόπτω', meaning 'to cut through' or 'to break through'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject. It can be used to indicate that something has been divided, severed, or that a barrier has been breached. It can also imply an interruption or a cutting off of something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΜΝΩ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thain

Translations: to go out, to come out, to depart, to exit

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It is a compound verb formed from 'ek' (out of) and 'erchomai' (to come/go). It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state to another. It can be used in contexts like leaving a house, departing from a city, or emerging from a situation.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-OH-rohn

Translations: I was seeing, they were seeing, I saw, they saw, I was looking, they were looking, I was beholding, they were beholding

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'horao', meaning 'to see', 'to look at', or 'to behold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action of seeing in the past. It can be used to describe the act of perceiving something with one's eyes, or to understand or discern something mentally. For example, 'they were seeing the signs' or 'I was beholding the vision'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of primary verb ΟΡΑΩ (horao), which means 'to see'. It is related to the concept of vision and perception.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oo-DAH-moo

Translations: nowhere, not anywhere

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'nowhere' or 'not anywhere'. It is used to indicate a complete absence of location or presence. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He was found nowhere' or 'There is no justice anywhere'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (locative adverb)

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΑΜΟΣ (oudamos) is a compound word formed from ΟΥ̓ΔΕ (oude), meaning 'not even' or 'nor', and ΔΑΜΟΣ (damos), a poetic or archaic form of ΔΗΜΟΣ (demos), meaning 'people' or 'district'. Thus, it literally means 'not even in any district' or 'not even among any people', evolving to mean 'nowhere'.

G5343, G1063

Part of Speech: Verb, Conjunction

Sounds like: dee-eh-FYOO-gon-gar

Translations: for they escaped, for they fled, for they got away

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the verb 'διεφύγον' (diefygon), meaning 'they escaped' or 'they fled through/away', and the postpositive particle 'γάρ' (gar), meaning 'for' or 'because'. The combined word indicates that the action of escaping or fleeing is the reason or explanation for something previously stated. It is used to provide a cause or justification.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active (for διεφύγον); Does not inflect (for γάρ)

G3692

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: o-PEH

Translations: hole, a hole, opening, an opening, den, a den, cave, a cave

Notes: This word refers to a hole, opening, or a den/cave. It can describe a physical aperture or a dwelling place for animals or people, often implying a hidden or confined space. It is used in contexts where a physical breach or a natural cavity is being described.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΠΗΛΑΙΟΝ, ΦΩΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to see', referring to an opening for seeing. It is related to the idea of a 'window' or 'viewpoint' that developed into the meaning of a 'hole' or 'opening'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G4823

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-boo-LEH-oo-en

Translations: he was advising, he was counseling, he was consulting, he was deliberating

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ (bouleuo), meaning "to deliberate" or "to advise." Therefore, ΣΥΝΕΒΟΥΛΕΥΕΝ means "he was advising together," "he was counseling," or "he was deliberating with others." It describes an ongoing action of giving counsel or engaging in joint deliberation in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ

G0318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAY

Translations: necessity, compulsion, distress, trouble, need, a necessity

Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation or a difficult situation that causes hardship. It is often used to denote a pressing need or an unavoidable circumstance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ

Etymology: From a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and ἄγκη (ankē, 'a bend, a curve'), referring to a bending or constraint. It denotes that which compels or constrains.

G4369

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-THEH-on-tes

Translations: adding, putting to, joining to, applying, approaching, coming to

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action of 'adding to' or 'approaching'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of adding, joining, or coming near. It can be used to describe people who are approaching or adding themselves to something, or things that are being added or joined together.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ

G3650, G396

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HO-lon-a-na-TET-raf-thai

Translations: to be wholly overturned, to be completely subverted, to be entirely overthrown

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the adjective 'ὅλος' (holos), meaning 'whole' or 'entire', and the perfect passive infinitive of the verb 'ἀνατρέπω' (anatrepō), meaning 'to overturn' or 'to subvert'. The apostrophe (coronis) indicates a crasis, where the final vowel of 'ὅλον' has combined with the initial vowel of 'ἀνατετραφθαι'. The combined word means 'to be wholly overturned' or 'to be completely subverted'. It describes a state of total disruption or destruction.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

G0032

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ENG-ghel-lon

Translations: they were announcing, they were reporting, they were bringing news, they were proclaiming

Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, active voice, and indicative mood, meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. Therefore, 'ἤγγελλον' means 'they were announcing' or 'they kept on reporting'. It describes an action that was happening over a period of time in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G1688, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Article

Sounds like: em-BEV-lee-keh-nai-TOOS

Translations: to have cast in the, to have thrown in the, to have put in the

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the perfect active infinitive of the verb 'ἐμβάλλω' (emballo), meaning 'to cast in' or 'to throw in', and the masculine plural accusative definite article 'τούς' (tous), meaning 'the'. The phrase together means 'to have cast in the...' or 'to have thrown in the...'. It describes an action that has been completed, specifically the act of putting or throwing something into something else, with 'the' indicating that the objects being cast in are specific and masculine plural.

Inflection: Perfect Active Infinitive (ἘΜΒΕΒΛΗΚΕΝΑΙ), Masculine Plural Accusative (ΤΟΥΣ)

G4139

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-see-on

Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

G0872

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-foh-RAHN

Translations: to look away from, to fix one's gaze on, to turn one's eyes to, to look intently at

Notes: This word describes the act of directing one's gaze or attention away from other things and focusing it intently on a specific object or person. It implies a deliberate turning of one's eyes or mind towards something, often with a sense of purpose or devotion. It can be used to express focusing on a goal, a person, or a principle.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ, ἈΤΕΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΦΟΡΑΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἈΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὉΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to look away from' or 'to look from one thing to another'.

G4105

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PLAH-zon-tos

Translations: of wandering, of straying, of being led astray, of being deceived, of being driven about, of being tossed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πλάζω', meaning to wander, stray, or be led astray. It describes someone or something that is in the process of wandering or being driven about, often implying a lack of direction or being deceived. It can be used to describe people who are lost, or things that are being tossed by forces like waves or wind.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΠΕΡΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΑΝΗΤΗΣ

G3706

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-sis-too

Translations: (of) sight, (of) appearance, (of) face

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun ὈΨΙΣ (opsis), meaning 'sight,' 'appearance,' or 'face.' It refers to the act of seeing, the faculty of sight, or the visible aspect of something. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'of sight' or 'belonging to an appearance.' The form ὈΨΕΙΣΤΟΥ is an unusual or possibly archaic/dialectal variant of the more common genitive singular ὈΨΕΩΣ. It could also be a misspelling or a unique compound, though its primary meaning is derived from 'opsis'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΘΕΑ

Etymology: From the root ΟΠΤ- (opt-), related to seeing, which is also the root of verbs like ὉΡΆΩ (horao, 'to see').

G4750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah

Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance

Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-SON-tes

Translations: falling, having fallen, fallen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to fall'. It describes an action of falling that has already occurred or is currently occurring, often indicating a state resulting from that action. It can be used to describe people or things that have fallen, either literally (e.g., falling to the ground) or figuratively (e.g., falling into sin or ruin).

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΕΣ

G5430

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: freh-noh-BLAH-beh-an

Translations: madness, insanity, mental derangement, a madness, an insanity

Notes: This word refers to a state of mental derangement, madness, or insanity. It is a compound word derived from 'φρήν' (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect', and 'βλάβη' (blabē), meaning 'harm' or 'injury'. Thus, it literally means 'harm to the mind' or 'injury of the intellect'. It describes a condition where one's mental faculties are impaired or damaged, leading to irrational behavior or thought.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΙΑ, ΑΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΠΑΡΑΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΕΝΟΒΛΑΒΕΙΑ is a compound noun formed from the root ΦΡΗΝ (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect', and ΒΛΑΒΗ (blabē), meaning 'harm' or 'injury'. It describes a state of mental impairment.

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G5268

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-keh-KOM-meh-noy

Translations: cut down, cut off, hewn down, undermined, those who are cut down, the cut down ones

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been cut down' or 'having been undermined'. It describes something or someone that has been thoroughly cut or hewn from beneath, implying a complete removal or destruction from the base. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun, or can act as a noun itself, referring to 'those who have been cut down'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from beneath') and 'κόπτω' (koptō, meaning 'to cut' or 'to strike').

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΤΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΤΕΜΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G3586

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NEV-rah

Translations: sinews, nerves, bowstrings, thongs, a sinew, a nerve, a bowstring, a thong

Notes: This word refers to the fibrous tissues in the body, such as sinews, tendons, or nerves. It can also refer to objects made from such materials, like bowstrings or thongs, emphasizing their strength and elasticity. It is used to describe both biological structures and man-made items that share similar properties.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΝΩΝ, ΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΕΥΡΑ is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)neh₁u- meaning 'sinew, tendon'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages referring to similar fibrous structures.

G0639

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-POH-roon

Translations: they were at a loss, they were perplexed, they were in doubt, they were without resources, they were in despair

Notes: This word describes a state of being at a loss, perplexed, or in doubt, often due to a lack of resources or a difficult situation. It implies a feeling of helplessness or not knowing what to do. It is used to describe a group of people who were experiencing this state.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΜΗΧΑΝΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀπορέω (aporeō) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'to be without a way' or 'to be without resources'.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G2657

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-MAH-thoy

Translations: learn thoroughly, understand, observe, perceive, consider, discover

Notes: This word means to learn something thoroughly, to understand it completely, or to observe and perceive it with careful attention. It implies a deep and comprehensive grasp of information or a situation. It can be used in contexts where one is trying to discover or ascertain facts.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word καταμανθάνω is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly', and the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of learning, implying a complete or thorough understanding.

G1909, G3588

Part of Speech: Preposition, Article

Sounds like: EH-pee-toys

Translations: upon, on, to, at, against, over, in addition to, to the, for the

Notes: This word is a compound of the preposition 'ἘΠΙ' (epi) and the dative plural masculine/neuter definite article 'ΤΟΙΣ' (tois). The preposition 'ἘΠΙ' is versatile and can mean 'upon,' 'on,' 'to,' 'at,' 'against,' 'over,' or 'in addition to,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the dative case, as it is here with 'ΤΟΙΣ', it typically indicates position ('on,' 'at,' 'upon') or purpose ('for,' 'in addition to'). The article 'ΤΟΙΣ' means 'the' and indicates that the following noun is plural and in the dative case, and can be masculine or neuter.

Inflection: Preposition with Dative Plural Masculine or Neuter Article

Etymology: The preposition 'ἘΠΙ' comes from Proto-Indo-European. The article 'ΤΟΙΣ' is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun that became the definite article in Greek.

G0462

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NO-see-oys

Translations: unholy, impious, profane, godless, wicked

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is unholy, impious, or profane, lacking reverence for what is sacred or morally right. It is often used to characterize individuals who act against divine or moral law. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ὅσιος' (hosios, meaning 'holy' or 'pious').

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΣΕΒΗΣ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ

G5177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-KHEEN

Translations: fortune, luck, chance, a fortune, a luck, a chance

Notes: This word refers to fortune, luck, or chance, often personified as a goddess in ancient thought. It describes the outcome of events, whether good or bad, that are not attributed to human agency or direct divine will. It can be used in sentences to refer to one's destiny or the random occurrences of life.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΕΙΜΑΡΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΥΧΗ (tyche) comes from the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to obtain by chance'. It refers to that which happens or falls to one's lot.

G5183

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-RAN-noy

Translations: tyrants, rulers, absolute rulers, despots

Notes: This word refers to absolute rulers or despots, often implying a sense of oppressive or arbitrary power. It is used to describe those who hold supreme authority, sometimes without legitimate claim or with a tendency towards cruelty. In ancient Greek contexts, a 'tyrant' was simply a ruler who seized power unconstitutionally, not necessarily one who was evil, though the negative connotation developed over time.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ

G0795

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tays-as-fah-LI-as

Translations: of the safety, of the security, of the certainty, of the assurance

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the definite article "ΤΗΣ" (the) and the noun "ἈΣΦΑΛΕΙΑΣ" (of safety/security). The word refers to the state of being safe, secure, or certain. It can denote physical safety, but also certainty or assurance in a broader sense. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to the English "of the..." construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΠΙΣΤΩΣΙΣ

G1131

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-YOOM-no-san

Translations: they stripped, they exposed, they laid bare

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to strip', 'to expose', or 'to lay bare'. It describes the action of removing clothing or covering from someone or something, or metaphorically revealing something that was hidden. It is used to indicate that a group of people performed this action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Etymology: The word ΓΥΜΝΟΩ comes from the adjective ΓΥΜΝΟΣ (gymnos), meaning 'naked' or 'bare'. It is related to the idea of being uncovered or exposed.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G0251

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-loh-NAI

Translations: to be captured, to be taken, to be caught, to be conquered

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'ἁλίσκομαι' (haliskomai), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. It describes the state of being seized or overcome, often in a military context, such as a city being captured, or a person being caught. It can also refer to being caught in a trap or snare.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΙΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai) is an ancient Greek verb with a complex etymology, often linked to the concept of 'taking' or 'capturing'. It is related to the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose', but functions as its passive voice in many contexts.

G2573

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-MON-tes

Translations: having toiled, having grown weary, having become sick, having become ill, having suffered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κάμνω' (kamnō), meaning 'to toil', 'to grow weary', 'to be sick', or 'to suffer'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb, indicating the state or action of the subject. It can describe someone who has exerted themselves greatly, become exhausted, or fallen ill.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΑΩ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ, ΠΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'κάμνω' (kamnō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an ancient root meaning 'to labor' or 'to exert oneself'.

G3880, G5177

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: pa-REH-la-bon TOO-khee

Translations: they received fortune, they took over by chance, they took along luck

Notes: This appears to be a compound word or a phrase written as a single word, combining the verb 'παρέλαβον' (parelabon), meaning 'they received' or 'they took over,' and the noun 'τύχη' (tychē), meaning 'fortune,' 'luck,' or 'chance.' As a single word, 'ΠΑΡΕΛΑΒΟΝΤΥΧΗ' is not standard Koine Greek. It likely means 'they received fortune' or 'they took over by chance,' indicating that an action was completed with a certain outcome, possibly unexpected or fortunate. It's possible this is a scribal error or a unique construction.

Inflection: Verb: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural; Noun: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-tah

Translations: able, possible, powerful, mighty, strong, capable, a powerful one, a mighty one, powerfully, mightily

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'able,' 'powerful,' or 'possible,' or as a neuter plural adjective used adverbially meaning 'powerfully' or 'mightily.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something possessing strength or capability. When used adverbially, it describes an action performed with great power or ability.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); or Adverbial (from neuter plural adjective)

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΟΣ

G3704

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAH-noys

Translations: (to) instruments, (with) instruments, (to) tools, (with) tools, (to) organs, (with) organs

Notes: This word refers to an instrument, tool, or implement of any kind. It can also refer to a musical instrument or a bodily organ. It is used to describe something by which work is accomplished or an action is performed. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the means or instrument by which something is done.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟΝ, ΣΚΕΥΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'organon' comes from the verb 'ergo' (ἔργω), meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. Thus, an 'organon' is literally 'that by which work is done'.

G3180

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NEE-ma-tos

Translations: of a machine, of a device, of a contrivance, of an engine, of an instrument

Notes: This word refers to a machine, device, or contrivance, often implying something skillfully constructed or designed for a specific purpose. It can be used to describe mechanical instruments, engines, or even stratagems and plots. In the provided context, it likely refers to a military siege engine or a similar mechanical device.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟΝ, ΟΡΓΑΝΟΝ, ΤΕΧΝΗΜΑ

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-no-TEH-roh

Translations: above, higher, upward, further up, previously, before

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'above' or 'higher'. It can refer to a physical location that is elevated, or it can refer to something mentioned previously in a text or discourse, meaning 'as mentioned above' or 'earlier'. It is the comparative form of the adverb 'ἈΝΩ' (ano), meaning 'up' or 'upwards'.

Inflection: Comparative Adverb, Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΑΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΑΝΩ

Etymology: From the adverb ἈΝΩ (ano), meaning 'up' or 'upwards'. The suffix -τερω indicates a comparative degree, similar to '-er' in English.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-dee-LOH-kah-men

Translations: we have shown, we have declared, we have made clear, we have made known

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to show', 'to declare', 'to make clear', or 'to make known'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is used to state that a group of people (we) have already revealed or explained something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word δηλόω (dēloō) comes from the adjective δῆλος (dēlos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear'.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2598

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-blee-THEN-tes

Translations: cast down, thrown down, overthrown, laid down, founded

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. In this form, it describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that someone or something was cast down, overthrown, or laid low. It can also refer to something being laid down as a foundation.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4611

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-LOH-ah

Translations: Siloam

Notes: Siloam refers to a pool and a tower in Jerusalem. The Pool of Siloam was a rock-cut pool on the southern slope of the City of David, fed by the Gihon Spring via Hezekiah's Tunnel. It is mentioned in both the Old and New Testaments, notably in John 9 where Jesus heals a blind man. The Tower of Siloam is mentioned in Luke 13:4 as a structure that fell and killed eighteen people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Siloam' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'Shiloach' (שִׁלֹחַ), meaning 'sending forth' or 'sent'. This refers to the water sent forth from the Gihon Spring into the pool.

G2607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-FEV-goo-sin

Translations: they flee for refuge, they take refuge, they escape, they resort

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to flee down, to flee for refuge, or to take refuge. It implies seeking safety or protection by fleeing to a specific place or person. It is often used to describe people escaping danger or seeking shelter.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, "down, against") and φεύγω (pheugō, "to flee").

G0861

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OW-this

Translations: again, anew, back, once more, furthermore, on the other hand

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'anew'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a contrasting idea, similar to 'furthermore' or 'on the other hand'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΤΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek αὖθις (authis), meaning 'again', 'back again'. It is related to αὖ (au), meaning 'again', 'furthermore'.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G0340

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-KOOP-san-tes

Translations: looking up, lifting up, standing up, straightening up, raising oneself, recovering

Notes: This word describes the action of lifting one's head or body, looking up, or straightening oneself up. It can imply a physical action of raising oneself from a stooped or fallen position, or metaphorically, recovering from a state of distress or oppression. It is often used in contexts where someone is regaining courage or hope.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΟΡΘΟΩ

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: TAY-deh

Translations: to this, by this, with this, in this, here, in this place, in this way

Notes: ΤΗΔΕ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ΟΔΕ, meaning 'this' or 'here'. As a dative singular feminine form, it can mean 'to/by/with/in this' (referring to a feminine noun). It can also function as an adverb meaning 'here' or 'in this place', or 'in this way'. It is used to point out something specific that is near or present.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΩΔΕ

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-meh-noy

Translations: using, having used, employing, having employed, dealing with, having dealt with

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι', meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject of the main verb, often indicating a concurrent or prior action. It can be translated as 'using' or 'having used', depending on the context and the specific tense of the participle. It often implies making use of something or someone, or dealing with a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G5112, G0029

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOL-mais ah-geh-NES-teh-rais

Translations: (to) acts of boldness, (to) acts of daring, (to) acts of audacity, (to) acts of courage, (to) more ignoble acts of boldness, (to) more ignoble acts of daring, (to) more ignoble acts of audacity, (to) more ignoble acts of courage

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the noun 'ΤΟΛΜΑΙΣ' (tolmais) and the adjective 'ἈΓΕΝΕΣΤΕΡΑΙΣ' (agenesterais). 'ΤΟΛΜΑΙΣ' means 'boldness, daring, audacity, or courage' and is in the dative plural, indicating 'to/for acts of boldness'. 'ἈΓΕΝΕΣΤΕΡΑΙΣ' is the comparative form of 'ἀγενής' (agenes), meaning 'ignoble, base, or low-born'. In its comparative form, it means 'more ignoble' or 'baser'. When combined, the phrase refers to 'to/for more ignoble acts of boldness' or 'to/for baser acts of daring'. It describes actions that are bold but perhaps morally or socially inferior.

Inflection: ΤΟΛΜΑΙΣ: Dative, Plural, Feminine; ἈΓΕΝΕΣΤΕΡΑΙΣ: Dative, Plural, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ

G2608

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-ah-GEE-sahn

Translations: they were broken, they were shattered, they were crushed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from κατά (kata, 'down, completely') and ἄγνυμι (agnymi, 'to break'). It means to break completely, shatter, or crush. In this form, it indicates that a group of subjects underwent the action of being broken or shattered.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ, ΘΛΑΩ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb ἄγνυμι (agnymi), meaning 'to break'. The combination emphasizes the completeness or finality of the breaking action.

G5432, G5433

Part of Speech: Noun, Participle

Sounds like: phroo-ROHN

Translations: of guards, of watchmen, of those guarding, of those keeping watch

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of either the noun 'ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ' (phrouros), meaning 'guard' or 'watchman', or the present active participle of the verb 'ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ' (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'. In context, it refers to 'of the guards' or 'of those who are guarding'. It indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine (for noun); Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter (for participle)

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΩΝ, ΤΗΡΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The noun ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ (phrouros) and the verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureō) derive from πρό (pro, 'before') and ὁράω (horaō, 'to see'), literally meaning 'one who sees before' or 'to see before', implying foresight and protection.

G0447

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NOH-thoon-tai

Translations: they are pushed back, they are driven back, they are repelled

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to push back', 'to drive back', or 'to repel'. It describes an action where something or someone is forced to retreat or move away from a position. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things are being pushed or driven back by an external force.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΩΘΟΥΝΤΑΙ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word Ἀνωθέω is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ὠθέω (ōthéō), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'. Thus, it literally means 'to push back' or 'to push up'.

G4650

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: skeh-das-THEN-tes

Translations: having been scattered, dispersed, scattered, spread abroad

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been scattered' or 'dispersed'. It describes a state of being spread out or separated, often as a result of an action. It can be used to describe people or things that have been driven apart or spread over a wide area.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word σκέδαννυμι (skedannymi) is derived from an older form σκεδάω (skedaō), meaning 'to scatter' or 'to disperse'.

G240

Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun

Sounds like: al-LAY-lone

Translations: of one another, of each other

Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.

G5261

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-NO-moos

Translations: underground passages, mines, tunnels, sewers

Notes: This word refers to underground passages, such as mines, tunnels, or sewers. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under', and 'νομός' (nomos), meaning 'a dwelling place' or 'a division'. In ancient contexts, it often referred to military tunnels used for siege warfare or to secret passages. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΥΓΜΑΤΑ, ΣΗΡΑΓΓΕΣ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: krah-TAY-san-tes

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having grasped, having held, having overcome, having prevailed, having gained control, having mastered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κράτεω' (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold fast, to seize'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of taking hold, seizing, or gaining control. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'the soldiers, having seized the city, rested'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΣΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΡΑΤΟΥΝ

G4592

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: say-MAI-as

Translations: standards, flags, banners

Notes: This word refers to military standards, flags, or banners, often used as symbols of a legion or army. It is typically used in the plural to refer to the collective standards carried by a military unit. In the provided context, it is used in the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of an action, such as 'to bring out the standards'.

Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΣΥΝΘΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word Σημαία (sēmaia) comes from the Greek word σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'sign' or 'mark'. It evolved to refer to a military standard or banner, which served as a distinguishing sign for a unit.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood, they stood still, they set, they appointed, they established

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'histēmi'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point. It can mean 'they stood' or 'they stood still', indicating a state of being or a cessation of movement. It can also mean 'they set' or 'they appointed', referring to the act of placing something or establishing a rule or person in a position.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G4444, G2532

Part of Speech: Noun, Conjunction

Sounds like: PYR-gohn-KAI

Translations: (of) towers, and, also, even

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the genitive plural of the noun "πύργος" (pyrgos), meaning "tower" or "fortress," and the conjunction "καί" (kai), meaning "and," "also," or "even." Therefore, "ΠΥΡΓΩΝΚΑΙ" means "of towers and" or "and of towers." It indicates possession or origin related to multiple towers, followed by a conjunction to connect to the next part of the sentence.

Inflection: ΠΥΡΓΩΝ: Plural, Genitive, Masculine; ΚΑΙ: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3803

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pah-ee-AH-nee-zon

Translations: they were singing a paean, they were shouting a paean, they were celebrating with a paean

Notes: This word is a verb that describes the action of singing or shouting a paean, which is a song of triumph, thanksgiving, or praise, often addressed to a deity. It implies a celebratory or exultant expression, typically in response to victory or deliverance. It would be used in a sentence to describe a group of people performing this action.

Inflection: Imperfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΥΜΝΕΩ, ΑΙΝΕΩ

G3529

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NEE-kay

Translations: victory, triumph, a victory, a triumph

Notes: This word refers to a victory or triumph, often in a battle, contest, or struggle. It signifies the successful outcome of an endeavor, overcoming an opponent or challenge. It is commonly used to describe the achievement of superiority or success.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΡΙΑΜΒΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΤΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΝΙΚΗ (nikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It is related to the verb νικάω (nikaō), meaning 'to conquer' or 'to win'.

G0746, G2895

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ar-KHEES-koo-foh-TEH-ron

Translations: lighter than the beginning, lighter than the rule, lighter than the first

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule', and 'κοῦφος' (kouphos), meaning 'light' or 'nimble', in its comparative form '-ότερον'. The word literally means 'lighter than the beginning' or 'lighter than the rule/authority'. It implies something that is less weighty, less significant, or easier to bear than what was initially established or expected. It is used to describe something that is comparatively lighter or less burdensome.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative Degree

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: an-ai-MOH-tee

Translations: without bloodshed, without blood, bloodlessly

Notes: This adverb describes an action or event that occurs without any shedding of blood. It implies a peaceful or non-violent outcome, or a situation where no lives are lost. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-, 'not') and 'αἷμα' (haima, 'blood').

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word is a compound formed from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-, 'not') and αἷμα (haima, 'blood'), with the adverbial suffix -ωτί. It literally means 'not with blood'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: goon

Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate

Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).

G1910

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-BAHN-tes

Translations: having gone upon, having stepped on, having embarked, having mounted, having entered, having set foot on

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epibainō', meaning 'to go upon' or 'to step on'. It describes an action that has been completed, indicating that someone or something has already mounted, embarked, or set foot on something. It is often used to describe the act of boarding a ship, mounting a horse, or entering a place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΙΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: BLEH-pon-tes

Translations: seeing, looking, observing, perceiving, watching

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'seeing' or 'those who are seeing', indicating an action performed by the subject. It is often used to describe the act of perceiving or observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

G0476

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-lon

Translations: opponent, an opponent, adversary, an adversary, rival, a rival

Notes: ἈΝΤΙΠΑΛΟΝ refers to an opponent, adversary, or rival. It describes someone who is in opposition or conflict with another. It is a compound word formed from the Greek preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning "against" or "opposite," and the noun πάλη (pale), meaning "wrestling" or "struggle." It is used to describe someone who contends against another, whether in a physical struggle, a legal dispute, or a general rivalry.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἘΧΘΡΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΤΙΠΑΛΟΣ is a compound of ἀντί (anti), meaning "against" or "opposite," and πάλη (pale), meaning "wrestling" or "struggle." It literally means "one who wrestles against."

G639

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-POH-rayn-toh

Translations: they were at a loss, they were perplexed, they were in doubt, they were without resources

Notes: This word describes a state of being at a loss, perplexed, or in doubt, often implying a lack of resources or a way forward. It can also mean to be without resources or to be in despair. It is typically used to describe a group of people experiencing confusion or difficulty.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΜΗΧΑΝΕΩ, ΑΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀπορέω (aporeō) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'to be without a way' or 'to be without resources'.

G1549

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ice-khoo-THEN-tes

Translations: having been poured into, having rushed into, having spread into, having been poured out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to pour in' or 'to rush in'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of an action. It indicates that the subject has been poured into, rushed into, or spread into a place or situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: xee-fee-RAYS-toos

Translations: sword-bearing, armed with a sword, carrying a sword

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'sword-bearing' or 'armed with a sword'. It describes someone or something that carries or is equipped with a sword. It is a compound word derived from 'ξίφος' (sword) and 'αἱρέω' (to take, seize), implying one who takes up or carries a sword. It would be used to describe warriors, soldiers, or any individual equipped with a sword.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΓΧΕΙΡΗΣ, ΜΑΧΑΙΡΟΦΟΡΟΣ

G2638

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lam-bah-no-MEN-oos

Translations: those being overtaken, those being seized, those being apprehended, those being caught, those being found, those being understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalambanō', meaning 'to take possession of, to seize, to overtake, to apprehend, to find, or to understand'. In this form, it refers to 'those who are being overtaken, seized, or apprehended'. It describes individuals who are in the process of being caught or understood, often implying a sudden or forceful action. It functions like an adjective describing a group of people.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G0427

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-neh-DEEN

Translations: freely, openly, without restraint, without reserve, without fear

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'freely' or 'openly'. It describes an action performed without hindrance, restraint, or fear, indicating a lack of caution or reservation. It can be used to describe speaking or acting without holding back.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΩΣ, ἈΦΟΒΩΣ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ἀναδίδωμι (anadidomi), meaning 'to give up, to give forth', or more generally from ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and δέω (deo, 'to bind'). The adverbial form implies an 'unbinding' or 'unrestrained' action.

G4863, G5343

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soom-FEV-gon-ton-tas

Translations: those fleeing with, those who flee together, those who escape with, those who escape together

Notes: This word is a compound participle, combining the prefix ΣΥΜ- (sym-), meaning 'with' or 'together', with the verb ΦΕΥΓΩ (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. The form ΣΥΜΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΩΝ is the genitive plural masculine/neuter participle, meaning 'of those fleeing with' or 'of those escaping together'. The suffix -ΤΑΣ is likely a scribal error or a misreading, as it does not form a standard Koine Greek word when appended to ΣΥΜΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΩΝ. It is highly probable that the intended word was simply ΣΥΜΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΩΝ, or that -ΤΑΣ belongs to a subsequent word, or that it is a misspelling of a different ending. If it were a valid form, it would imply an accusative plural, but such a construction is not standard for this participle form.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter (for ΣΥΜΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΩΝ); the appended -ΤΑΣ is anomalous and likely a scribal error or misreading.

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΚΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΩΝ

G846

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TAN-droos

Translations: with all its men, with all its inhabitants, men and all

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'with all its men' or 'with all its inhabitants'. It is often used to describe a place or a group that is taken or destroyed along with everyone in it. For example, a city taken 'αὐτάνδρους' means it was captured along with all its people.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (AUTOS), meaning 'self' or 'same', and ἈΝΗΡ (ANER), meaning 'man' or 'male person'. It literally means 'self-man' or 'man and all'.

G4261

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pep-IM-pra-san

Translations: they were secretly burning, they were setting on fire from below, they were setting on fire, they were burning

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect tense, indicating continuous or repeated action in the past. It means 'they were secretly burning' or 'they were setting on fire from below'. The prefix 'ὑπό' (hypo-) adds the nuance of 'under', 'secretly', or 'from below'. It describes an action of setting something on fire, often with a hidden or underlying implication.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΡΗΜΙ, ΦΛΕΓΩ

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EL-thoy-en

Translations: they might pass by, they might pass away, they might come to an end, they might go by, they might arrive

Notes: This word is a verb indicating movement past something, or the act of something coming to an end or passing away. It can also mean to arrive or come forth. It is often used to describe the passage of time or the cessation of an event or state.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAM-bah-non

Translations: they were overtaking, they were seizing, they were apprehending, they were comprehending, they were laying hold of

Notes: This word describes the action of taking hold of something or someone, either physically by seizing or grasping, or mentally by comprehending or understanding. It can also mean to overtake someone or something, catching up to them. The form indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word καταλαμβάνω (katalambanō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The combination suggests a forceful or complete taking or grasping.

G1430

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOH-mah-tee-ah

Translations: houses, roofs, housetops, upper rooms

Notes: This word refers to houses, specifically the flat roofs of houses which were often used as living spaces or for various activities. It can also denote an upper room or a chamber within a house. In the provided example, it refers to multiple rooms or houses that were filled.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑΙ, ΟΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΩΜΑ (dōma) comes from the Greek verb δέμω (demō), meaning 'to build'. It refers to something built, hence a house or a part of a house.

G4439

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PTO-ma-ton

Translations: of a fall, of a corpse, of a ruin, of a disaster, of a calamity

Notes: This word refers to the result of falling, which can be a physical fall, a moral fall, or the collapse or ruin of something. It can also refer to a corpse, as something that has fallen in death. In a broader sense, it signifies a disaster or calamity. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relation to multiple 'falls,' 'corpses,' or 'ruins.'

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑΤΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΠΤΩΣΕΩΝ

G3706

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-sin

Translations: sight, appearance, face, a sight, an appearance, a face

Notes: This word refers to the act of seeing, the faculty of sight, or the visible appearance of something. It can denote a vision, a physical appearance, or even the face or countenance of a person. It is used to describe what is seen or perceived.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΘΕΑ

Etymology: The word ὄψις (opsis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *okʷ- meaning 'to see'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and vision.

G5425

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-FREE-koh-tes

Translations: having shuddered, those who have shuddered, having trembled, those who have trembled

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb φρίσσω (phrissō). It describes someone who has experienced a shuddering or trembling, often from fear, awe, or horror. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, meaning the state of having shuddered or trembled.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΡΕΜΟΝΤΕΣ, ΦΟΒΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The verb φρίσσω (phrissō) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of shivering or bristling.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EHR-kho-mai

Translations: they were going out, they were coming out, they were departing, they went out, they came out, they departed

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect indicative form of the verb 'ἐξέρχομαι' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out,' 'to come out,' or 'to depart.' The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. It describes a movement from an inside location to an outside one, or a departure from a place.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent verb)

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἐξέρχομαι' (exerchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.'

G0622

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-LOH-lo-tas

Translations: lost, perished, destroyed, those who are lost, those who have perished, the lost ones

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb ἀπόλλυμι, meaning 'to destroy, to lose, to perish'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being lost or destroyed. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'those who are lost' or 'the lost ones'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΠΩΛΕΣΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ἘΞΩΛΕΣΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The verb ἀπόλλυμι is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to perish'.

G2198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ZOHN-tas

Translations: living, the living, those who are living

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently alive. It is often used substantively, meaning it functions like a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are alive'. It can be used in various contexts to distinguish between the living and the dead.

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΣ, ΕΝΖΩΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating the state of being alive.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AS-khon

Translations: they were suffering, they suffered, they were enduring, they endured, they were experiencing, they experienced

Notes: This word means to suffer, endure, or experience something, often something difficult or unpleasant. It is used to describe the state or action of undergoing an experience, whether physical or emotional. In this form, it indicates that a group of people (they) were in the process of suffering or enduring something in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ

G1793

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: en-TYNG-kha-non-ta

Translations: interceding, meeting, encountering, entreating, appealing, a meeting, an interceding

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, among) and the verb 'τυγχάνω' (to happen, to meet). It generally means to meet with someone, to encounter, or to appeal to someone, often with the purpose of interceding on behalf of another or making a request. It implies a direct interaction or intervention.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

G1313

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-eh-LAU-non-tes

Translations: driving through, passing through, riding through, going through

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb ΔΙΕΛΑΥΝΩ, meaning 'to drive through' or 'to pass through'. It is a compound verb formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through', and ἐλαύνω (elaunō), meaning 'to drive' or 'to push'. It describes an action of moving through something, often with force or determination, such as driving a chariot through a crowd or passing through a region.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ΔΙΕΛΑΥΝΩ is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through', and the verb ἐλαύνω (elaunō), meaning 'to drive, to push, to set in motion'. The root ἐλαύνω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, to push'.

G652

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-PHRAX-an

Translations: they blocked, they stopped up, they obstructed, they closed off

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀπο- (apo-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb φράσσω (phrassō), meaning 'to fence' or 'to block'. Therefore, ἀποφράσσω means 'to block off', 'to stop up', or 'to obstruct completely'. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a group of people. It describes the act of physically preventing passage or access, or metaphorically hindering something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΜΦΡΑΣΣΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

G2627

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tek-LY-san

Translations: they deluged, they flooded, they overwhelmed, they submerged

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb κατακλύζω (kataklyzō). It means 'they deluged' or 'they flooded'. It describes an action of overwhelming or covering with a great flood of water, often implying destruction or complete engulfment. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to overwhelm with a large quantity of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΜΜΥΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΟΝΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word κατακλύζω (kataklyzō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κλύζω (klyzō), meaning 'to wash' or 'to dash over'. Thus, it literally means 'to wash down' or 'to dash down upon', leading to the sense of flooding or deluging.

G5394

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: FLEH-go-meh-NOHN

Translations: burning, being burned, blazing, being set on fire, of burning, of being burned

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'φλέγω' (phlegō), meaning 'to burn' or 'to be inflamed'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action or state, functioning like an adjective to modify a noun, or sometimes substantively as a noun itself. In this form, it indicates something that is currently burning or being burned, or belonging to something that is burning.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ

G5408

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NOH

Translations: (to) murder, (to) slaughter, (to) killing, (to) bloodshed, (to) death, a murder, a slaughter, a killing, a bloodshed, a death

Notes: This word refers to the act of murder, slaughter, or killing, often implying bloodshed or violent death. As a noun in the dative case, it indicates the indirect object or the means by which something is done, such as 'by murder' or 'for murder'. It can also signify the state or condition of being involved in such an act.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΜΑ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΣΦΑΓΗ

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

G1943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-KRAH-tei

Translations: prevailed, was prevailing, gained control, was in control, was dominant

Notes: This word describes a state of prevailing, gaining control, or being dominant. It is often used to indicate that something or someone had power or influence over a situation or another entity. For example, 'the water prevailed' or 'the younger generation gained control'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΚΡΑΤΕΩ (krateo), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to rule'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΚΡΑΤΕΩ is derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΚΡΑΤΕΩ (krateo), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold power'. It signifies the exercise of power or dominion over something.

G5395

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: fleh-GOH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) burning, (to) blazing, (to) inflamed, (to) glowing

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb ΦΛΕΓΩ, meaning 'to burn' or 'to blaze'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that is in the process of being burned or blazing. In this dative plural form, it refers to 'those who are burning' or 'things that are blazing', indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action, or the circumstances under which something occurs.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΠΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G0393

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-an-EH-tee-len

Translations: rose, dawned, sprang up, appeared

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes 'epi-' (upon, besides) and 'ana-' (up, again) combined with the verb 'anatellō' (to rise, to cause to rise). It means 'to rise upon' or 'to cause to rise again'. It is typically used to describe the rising of the sun or a star, or the springing up of plants. In a broader sense, it can refer to something appearing or dawning.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΤΕΙΛΕΝ, ΕΞΕΤΕΙΛΕΝ

Etymology: The verb ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΩ comes from the prefix ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and τέλλω (téllō, 'to accomplish, to rise'). The prefix ἐπί (epí) means 'upon' or 'in addition to'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: TOH-sah-TAIS

Translations: to/for so many, to/for such great, to/for so great

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'so many' or 'such great'. It is used to indicate a large or significant quantity or degree. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and agrees with it in number, gender, and case.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΣΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΣΑΥΤΟΣ is a compound of ΤΟΣΟΣ (tosós, 'so much, so great') and ΑΥΤΟΣ (autós, 'self, same'). It emphasizes the degree or quantity.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-meh-nay

Translations: having used, using, employing, treating

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use, employ, or treat'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'having used' or 'using'. It indicates that the subject has engaged in the act of using or employing something, or treating someone/something in a particular way. It is often followed by a dative case object indicating what is being used or how someone is being treated.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΕΝΗ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΗ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soys

Translations: (to) as many as, (to) all who, (to) those who, (to) whatsoever, (to) how many, (to) how great

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun or adjective meaning 'as many as' or 'as great as'. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies a quantity or extent. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave gifts to as many as believed him,' indicating the recipients were all those who believed.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΣΙΝ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΙΣ

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-ga-THOYS

Translations: (to) good, (for) good, (with) good, (by) good, (to) beneficial, (for) beneficial, (with) beneficial, (by) beneficial, (to) virtuous, (for) virtuous, (with) virtuous, (by) virtuous

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'good', 'beneficial', or 'virtuous'. It can refer to things that are good in quality, morally good, or beneficial in effect. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it indicates the indirect object or means, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', or 'by', referring to multiple good things or people.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΙΣ

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: keh-KHREE-meh-nee

Translations: having used, having employed, having dealt with, having experienced

Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that has performed or undergone the action of using or experiencing something. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Perfect Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΑΜΕΝΗ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΟΣ

G3843

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAN-tohs

Translations: certainly, by all means, altogether, surely, doubtless, absolutely, entirely, at any rate

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize certainty, totality, or necessity. It can be translated as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'by all means,' or 'altogether,' indicating that something is definitely true or will definitely happen. It can also mean 'at any rate' or 'in any case,' suggesting a minimum level of certainty or action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΣΗ, ΠΑΝΤΗ

G2192

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-IF-thon-os

Translations: enviable, an enviable, envied, hateful, odious, a hateful, an odious

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is an object of envy or ill-will. It can mean 'enviable' in a positive sense, referring to something so good that it provokes envy, or 'hateful'/'odious' in a negative sense, referring to something that is resented or disliked. It is used to describe things or people that attract strong feelings, either admiration mixed with envy or outright hostility.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, or Vocative, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΦΘΟΝΕΡΟΣ, ΒΑΣΚΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and 'φθόνος' (phthonos), meaning 'envy' or 'grudge'. It literally means 'that which is upon or subject to envy'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-sen

Translations: it seemed good, it seemed best, it was decided, it pleased, it was thought, it was resolved

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided'. It is often used impersonally to express a decision or a consensus, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or pleasing to someone or a group. For example, 'it seemed good to them' or 'it was decided by the council'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lo

Translations: other, another, different, an other, another thing

Notes: This word refers to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or is currently under consideration. It can be used to describe a different person, thing, or concept. It often functions as an adjective modifying a noun, but can also stand alone as a pronoun meaning 'another one' or 'another thing'. When used adverbially, it can mean 'otherwise' or 'in another way'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ, ἈΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΛΛΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G0806

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-too-KHEH-mah-tohn

Translations: of misfortunes, of calamities, of accidents, of mishaps

Notes: This word refers to unfortunate events, mishaps, or calamities. It is used to describe situations that are not favorable or that bring about distress. It is a compound word, formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'τύχη' (tyche, meaning 'luck' or 'fortune'), combined with the suffix '-μα' which forms nouns denoting the result of an action. Thus, it literally means 'that which is without luck' or 'an unlucky event'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΟΡΩΝ, ΠΑΘΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΚΑΚΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΤΥΧΗΜΑ (atychema) is derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not, without') and the noun τύχη (tyche, 'luck, fortune'). The suffix -μα forms a noun denoting the result of an action, thus 'that which has no luck' or 'an unlucky event'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G1074, G5108

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-neh-AN toy-ow-TEEN

Translations: a generation such, such a generation, such a race, such a kind

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the noun 'ΓΕΝΕΑΝ' (genean), meaning 'generation' or 'race', and the adjective 'ΤΟΙΑΥΤΗΝ' (toiautēn), meaning 'such' or 'such a kind'. When combined, it refers to 'such a generation' or 'a generation of this kind'. It is used to describe a specific type or quality of generation or people.

Inflection: ΓΕΝΕΑΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; ΤΟΙΑΥΤΗΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

G5259

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G0396