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Job, Chapter 9
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G5274
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: hoo-po-la-BOHN
Translations: having taken up, having taken in, having received, having supposed, having answered, having replied
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (under) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take). It means to take up, to receive, to suppose, or to answer. Its meaning can vary depending on the context. For example, it can mean to take up a discourse (to answer or reply), to take someone under one's protection (to receive), or to take a view or opinion (to suppose).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2492
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EE-ohb
Translations: Job
Notes: This is a proper noun, the name of a man. In the Bible, Job is a righteous man who endures great suffering but remains faithful to God. The book of Job tells his story.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew 'Iyyob (אִיּוֹב), meaning 'persecuted' or 'hated'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THAY-ahs
Translations: of truth, of reality, of sincerity, of verity
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being true, real, or sincere. It is often used to describe facts, reality, or moral uprightness. In a sentence, it typically functions as a possessive or descriptive element, indicating that something belongs to or is characterized by truth.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-dah
Translations: know, understand, perceive, be aware of
Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense verb that functions with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that has resulted from a past act of perceiving or learning. It is often used to express a deep, intuitive, or experiential knowledge, as opposed to merely intellectual knowledge. It can be used with an accusative object, or with a clause introduced by 'ὅτι' (that) or an interrogative pronoun.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense verb with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing that comes from having seen or perceived.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G4459
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: POHS
Translations: how, in what way, by what means, that, in order that
Notes: ΠΩΣ is an adverb used to inquire about the manner or means by which something occurs, translating to "how" or "in what way." It can introduce direct or indirect questions. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning "that" or "in order that," especially when expressing purpose or result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative and interrogative pronominal stems.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, there will be
Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates that something 'will be' or 'shall be' in the future. It can refer to a person (he/she/it will be) or an impersonal existence (there will be).
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oss
Translations: righteous, just, upright, fair, a righteous one, a just one
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who acts morally and ethically, or to an action that is considered fair and equitable. When used as a noun, it refers to a righteous person.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be used substantively as a noun)
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ
Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It describes that which is in accordance with justice or right.
G0992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BRO-tos
Translations: mortal, a mortal, human, a human being
Notes: This word refers to a mortal being, specifically a human being, emphasizing their transient and perishable nature in contrast to the immortal. It is used to denote humanity in general or an individual person, often highlighting their weakness or limitations.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΒΡΟΤΕΙΟΣ
Etymology: The etymology of ΒΡΟΤΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of 'dying' or 'perishing'.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH
Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: boo-LEE-tai
Translations: to wish, to desire, to will, to intend, to purpose
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to wish', 'to desire', 'to will', or 'to intend'. It describes a deliberate choice or intention, often implying a strong inclination or purpose. It is used to express someone's will or what they want to happen.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G2919
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kree-THEE-nai
Translations: to be judged, to be decided, to be condemned, to be disputed
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to be judged' or 'to be decided'. It indicates an action that is to be performed upon the subject, rather than by the subject, and refers to a completed action without specifying when it happened.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G5219
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pah-KOO-see
Translations: obey, listen, hearken, submit, give ear
Notes: This word means to obey, listen, or give ear to someone or something. It implies a willingness to heed and act upon what is heard, often in the context of submission or compliance. It can be used to describe a person obeying a command or a thing responding to a force.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπακούω (hupakoúō), from ὑπό (hupó, “under”) + ἀκούω (akoúō, “to hear”). It literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen from below', implying submission or obedience.
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-TEI-peh
Translations: contradict, gainsay, speak against, oppose, resist
Notes: This word means to speak against, contradict, or oppose someone or something. It implies a verbal resistance or disagreement. It is often used in contexts where one person challenges or refutes the statement or authority of another.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ἈΝΤΙΤΆΣΣΩ, ἈΝΘΊΣΤΑΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EH-nah
Translations: one, a, an, a certain
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the numeral 'one'. It can be used as a numeral to indicate a single unit, or as an indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, meaning 'a certain one' or 'someone'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to other words meaning 'one' in various Indo-European languages.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G5505
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: khee-LEE-ohn
Translations: of a thousand, of thousands
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the numeral 'thousand'. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to a quantity of one thousand, or simply 'of thousands'. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'the strength of a thousand men' or 'from thousands of years'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Etymology: The word 'χίλιοι' (chilioi) comes from the Ancient Greek 'χίλιοι' (khílioi), meaning 'thousand'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is believed to be pre-Greek or from an unknown source.
G4680
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: SOH-foss
Translations: wise, a wise person, skillful, clever
Notes: This word describes someone who possesses wisdom, skill, or cleverness. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun (e.g., 'a wise man') or as a substantive noun itself, meaning 'a wise person' or 'the wise one'. It often implies practical wisdom and understanding.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΕΜΦΡΩΝ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European *sap- meaning 'to taste, to perceive'. It is related to the noun σοφία (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'.
G1271
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-noy-ah
Translations: mind, understanding, a mind, an understanding, thought, purpose, intention, intellect
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of thinking, understanding, and reasoning. It encompasses the intellect, thoughts, intentions, and purposes of a person. It can describe the inner disposition or the way one thinks about something. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, "through") and νοῦς (nous, "mind").
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ (dianoia) is a compound of διά (dia), meaning "through" or "across," and νοῦς (nous), meaning "mind" or "intellect." It literally means "a thinking through" or "a thorough understanding."
G2900
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kra-TAI-os
Translations: mighty, powerful, strong, a mighty one, a powerful one, a strong one
Notes: This word describes something or someone as mighty, powerful, or strong. It is often used to emphasize great strength or authority, particularly in a context of power or dominion. It can be used to describe God, a ruler, or a strong individual.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, might'.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gas
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful
Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G4642
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: sklee-ROS
Translations: hard, harsh, severe, difficult, stubborn, obstinate, rough, cruel
Notes: This word describes something as hard, harsh, or severe. It can refer to physical hardness, like a hard stone, or to a person's character, meaning stubborn, obstinate, or unyielding. It can also describe a situation or task as difficult or burdensome.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΣΤΗΡΟΣ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΚΑΡΔΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'hard' or 'dry'. It is related to words describing dryness and rigidity.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos
Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ
G1727
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: eh-NAN-tee-on
Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, in the presence of, before, against, an opposite thing
Notes: This word can function as an adjective, an adverb, or a preposition. As an adjective, it describes something as being opposite or contrary. As an adverb, it means 'opposite' or 'over against'. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case and means 'in the presence of', 'before', or 'against'. It denotes a position or action in opposition to or in front of something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in) and ἈΝΤΙΟΣ (opposite, facing).
G5278
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-peh-MEH-nin
Translations: endured, persevered, remained, waited patiently
Notes: This word means to remain under, to endure, or to persevere. It implies steadfastness and patience in the face of difficulties, trials, or suffering. It is often used to describe someone who patiently bears up under adversity or remains faithful despite challenges.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3820
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-LAI-ohn
Translations: of old, of ancient, of former, of worn out
Notes: This word describes something as old, ancient, or worn out by age. It can refer to things that have existed for a long time, or to people who are advanced in years. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin from multiple old or ancient things/people.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From πάλαι (palai), meaning 'long ago, formerly'. It refers to something that has existed for a long time.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-RE
Translations: mountains, hills
Notes: This word refers to elevated landforms, such as mountains or hills. It is typically used in the plural to denote multiple such geographical features.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-dah-sin
Translations: they know, they have known, they understand
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense form, but in Koine Greek, it often carries a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that results from a past act of learning. It is used to describe what a group of people knows or understands.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Perfect Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G2694
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-STREH-fohn
Translations: destroying, overthrowing, ruining, demolishing, subverting, bringing to an end
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Together, it means to turn down, overturn, or overthrow. It is used to describe the act of completely destroying, ruining, or bringing something to an end, often with a sense of violence or finality. It can refer to the destruction of cities, systems, or even people.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TAH
Translations: them, these things, it, the same
Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun/adjective 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos). In this form, it functions as a neuter plural pronoun, meaning 'them' or 'these things', referring to inanimate objects or concepts. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'the same'. It typically serves as the subject or direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΙΝΑ
G3709
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GAY
Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, a wrath, an anger
Notes: This word refers to a strong, often violent, emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous wrath against sin. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΧΟΛΗ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *werg- meaning 'to work, to do'. The word originally referred to an 'impulse' or 'disposition', which then developed into the meaning of 'anger' or 'wrath' as an internal working or agitation.
G4622
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: see-OHN
Translations: Zion
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mount Zion, a significant hill in Jerusalem. It is often used to refer to the city of Jerusalem itself, especially in a spiritual or symbolic sense, representing God's dwelling place or His people. It is a variant spelling of the more common Koine Greek word 'Σιών'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew word 'צִיּוֹן' (Tsiyyon), referring to the fortified hill in Jerusalem.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-rah-NON
Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the physical sky above the earth, or more commonly, to the dwelling place of God and the angels, often used in a theological sense. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G2310
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-meh-LEE-ohn
Translations: of a foundation, of foundations, a foundation, foundations
Notes: This word refers to a foundation, the base or groundwork upon which something is built. It can be used literally for the base of a building or figuratively for the fundamental principles or basis of an idea or system. In the provided examples, it is used in the context of laying the foundation of the earth or mountains.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΣ, ΥΠΟΒΑΘΡΟΝ
Etymology: From the Greek verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set', indicating something that is laid down as a base.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G4769
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STOO-loy
Translations: pillars, columns, posts
Notes: This word refers to upright supports, typically made of stone or wood, used in construction to bear weight or as decorative elements. It can describe literal architectural columns or be used metaphorically to represent a strong support or foundation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΙΩΝ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to stand' or 'to set up'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TES
Translations: (of) her, her, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a form of the third-person pronoun 'autos'. It is used to refer to a singular feminine noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from the context. It indicates possession or is used after prepositions that require the genitive case. For example, it could mean 'her' (as in 'her house') or 'of her'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G4531
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: sah-LEH-oo-on-tai
Translations: they are shaken, they are moved, they are stirred
Notes: This word describes the action of being shaken, moved, or agitated. It can refer to physical movement, like an earthquake shaking the ground, or to a more metaphorical sense, such as people being stirred up or disturbed. In this form, it indicates that a group of subjects are undergoing this action.
Inflection: Present, Passive or Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΙΝΕΩ, ΣΕΙΩ
Etymology: The origin of the word ΣΑΛΕΥΩ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of swaying or rocking.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2246
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-LEE-oh
Translations: to the sun, for the sun, with the sun
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'sun'. It refers to the celestial body that gives light and heat to the Earth. In Koine Greek, the dative case often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the means by which something is done, or the time when something occurs (e.g., 'at sunrise').
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: The word 'ΗΛΙΟΣ' (helios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seh₂wol-, meaning 'sun'. It is cognate with Latin 'sol' and English 'sun'.
G0393
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-TEL-lee
Translations: rises, shines forth, springs up, appears
Notes: This verb describes the action of something rising, typically referring to the sun or stars rising in the sky, or plants springing up from the ground. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something appearing or shining forth. It is often used in contexts related to the dawn or the emergence of light.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ἘΚΦΥΩ, ἈΝΑΦΑΙΝΩ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G0792
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AS-tron
Translations: (of) stars
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the Koine Greek noun "ἀστήρ" (astēr), meaning "star." It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to "of stars" or "belonging to stars." For example, one might speak of "the light of the stars" or "among the stars."
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΩΣΤΗΡ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'star'. It is related to words for 'star' in many other Indo-European languages.
G2696
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-sfrah-GHI-zei
Translations: to seal up, to seal, to shut up, to close up
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σφραγίζω (sphragizō), meaning 'to seal'. It means to seal something completely or securely, often implying a finality or a complete closing off. It can be used in contexts of securing a document, a tomb, or even a person's fate, ensuring that something is definitively closed or marked.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΦΡΑΓΙΖΩ, ΚΛΕΙΩ, ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σφραγίζω (sphragizō), meaning 'to seal'. The verb σφραγίζω is derived from σφραγίς (sphragis), meaning 'a seal' or 'a signet ring'.
G0032
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ang-GEH-lohn
Translations: of angels, of messengers
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ἈΓΓΕΛΟΣ' (angelos), which means 'messenger' or 'angel'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to using 'of' in English. Therefore, 'ἈΓΓΕΛΩΝ' typically translates to 'of angels' or 'of messengers', indicating something belonging to or related to multiple angels or messengers.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΩΝ
G4646
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: sko-LEE-on
Translations: crooked, perverse, twisted, warped, dishonest, unfair, a crooked thing, a perverse thing
Notes: This word describes something that is not straight, either literally in a physical sense (like a crooked piece of wood) or figuratively in a moral sense (like perverse speech or dishonest actions). It implies a deviation from what is right, straight, or just.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΓΓΑΛΩΔΕΣ, ΔΙΕΣΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΚΟΛΙΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *skel-, meaning 'to bend, to curve'. It is related to words describing curvature or deviation.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G2025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-NO-eh-sen
Translations: he devised, he invented, he thought up, he conceived, he planned
Notes: This word describes the act of devising, inventing, or conceiving something, often with a sense of planning or thinking up a solution or idea. It implies a mental process of creation or discovery. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition to') and the verb νοέω (noeō, 'to perceive, to think').
Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ
G5119
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tah-nyoo-SAS
Translations: having stretched, stretched out, having extended, extended
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having stretched' or 'having extended'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, functioning like an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun. It implies a forceful or deliberate act of stretching something out, such as a tent, a net, or one's hand.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΕΞΑΠΛΟΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MOH-nos
Translations: only, alone, single, a single one
Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.
G4043
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: peh-ree-pa-TON
Translations: walking, going about, living, conducting oneself, one who walks, while walking
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ' (peripateō), meaning 'to walk around' or 'to go about'. It describes an action that is ongoing. In a broader sense, it can refer to one's manner of life or conduct, indicating how someone lives or behaves. It is often used to describe someone who is literally walking, but can also be used metaphorically for one's spiritual or moral journey.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G1759
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-da-foos
Translations: of ground, of floor, of foundation, of base, of soil
Notes: This word refers to the ground, floor, or foundation upon which something rests or is built. It can also refer to the soil or earth. In the provided examples, it is used to indicate the base or bottom part of a structure or the ground itself.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΧΩΡΑ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΔΑΦΟΣ (edaphos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to sit' or 'to settle'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G2281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tha-LAS-sees
Translations: of the sea, of a sea
Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a sea. It is often used to describe the physical body of water, but can also be used metaphorically to represent vastness, chaos, or the Gentile world in some contexts. It is typically used in a possessive sense, indicating something belonging to or related to the sea.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: poy-OHN
Translations: doing, making, creating, producing, performing, a doer, a maker, the one who does, the one who makes
Notes: ΠΟΙΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΠΟΙΕΩ, meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of doing or making something. It can be translated as 'doing' or 'making' when used adjectivally, or as 'the one who does' or 'a doer' when used substantively.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G4137
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: pleh-YAH-dah
Translations: Pleiades, a Pleiad
Notes: This word refers to the Pleiades, a cluster of stars in the constellation Taurus. In ancient Greek mythology, they were the seven daughters of the Titan Atlas and the oceanid Pleione. The term is used to refer to this specific group of stars.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1659
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ES-peh-ron
Translations: evening, a star, an evening star, west, western
Notes: This word refers to the evening, or to something associated with the evening, such as the evening star (Venus) or the direction of the west. As a noun, it can mean 'evening' or 'evening star'. As an adjective, it means 'western' or 'of the evening'. It is used to describe the time of day or a geographical direction.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΜΗ, ΟΨΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΕΣΠΕΡΟΣ (hesperos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'evening' or 'west'. It is related to Latin 'vesper' and English 'west'.
G0794
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ark-TOO-ron
Translations: Arcturus
Notes: Arcturus is the name of a bright star in the constellation Boötes. It is also sometimes used to refer to the constellation Ursa Major (the Great Bear) or Ursa Minor (the Little Bear). In ancient times, its appearance was significant for navigation and agricultural timing.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀρκτοῦρος (arktoûros), a compound of ἄρκτος (arktos, “bear”) and οὖρος (ouros, “watcher, guardian”). It literally means 'bear-watcher' or 'bear-guard', referring to its proximity to the constellation Ursa Major (the Great Bear).
G5009
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tah-MEH-yah
Translations: storehouses, inner rooms, chambers, treasuries, secret chambers
Notes: This word refers to a private room, a secret chamber, or a place where valuables are stored, such as a treasury or a storehouse. It is often used in the plural to denote multiple such places or the general concept of storage areas.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative
Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΙ, ΚΟΙΤΩΝΕΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut' or 'to divide', referring to a divided-off or private space.
G3575
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NO-too
Translations: of the south, of the south wind
Notes: This word refers to the direction south or, by extension, the south wind. It is often used to indicate geographical direction or the origin of a wind.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of wetness or moisture, as the south wind often brought rain in the Mediterranean region.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEG-ah-lah
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great thing, great things
Notes: This word describes something as great in size, importance, or intensity. It can refer to physical largeness, but also to significant or mighty deeds, or things of high value and importance. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΣ
G421
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-nex-ikh-NEE-ah-stah
Translations: unsearchable, untraceable, inscrutable, past finding out
Notes: This word describes something that cannot be traced, searched out, or fully understood. It refers to things that are beyond human comprehension or investigation, often used in a theological context to describe the attributes or ways of God that are unfathomable. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-), meaning 'not', and 'ἐξιχνιάζω' (exichniazo), meaning 'to trace out' or 'to track'.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΚΑΤΑΛΗΠΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΚΔΙΗΓΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is derived from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'not', and ἐξιχνιάζω (exichniazo), meaning 'to trace out' or 'to track', which itself comes from ἐκ (ek), 'out of', and ἴχνος (ichnos), 'a track' or 'footprint'. Thus, it literally means 'not able to be traced out'.
G1741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: en-DOX-ah
Translations: glorious, splendid, honorable, notable, a glorious, a splendid, an honorable, a notable
Notes: This word describes something or someone as glorious, splendid, or honorable. It can refer to things that are highly esteemed, magnificent, or worthy of praise. It is often used to describe divine attributes or things associated with God's glory, but can also describe people or objects that are distinguished or renowned. In the provided examples, it describes mountains as 'glorious' or 'splendid'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΚΛΕΗΣ, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ
G1809
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eks-AI-see-ah
Translations: extraordinary, remarkable, wonderful, marvelous, amazing
Notes: This word describes something that is beyond the usual or expected, often implying a sense of wonder, awe, or even strangeness. It is used to characterize events, deeds, or qualities that stand out due to their exceptional nature. It can be used to describe things that are great and unsearchable, or glorious.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G0706
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-rith-MOS
Translations: number, a number
Notes: This word refers to a quantity, a count, or a total. It is used to denote how many of something there are, or a specific numerical value. For example, it can refer to the number of people, the number of days, or a specific number like 'sixty'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΠΟΣΟΝ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ri-dʰh₁-mo-, related to counting or fitting. It is connected to the verb ἀρέσκω (areskō), meaning 'to please' or 'to fit'.
G5235
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-per-BEE
Translations: pass over, go beyond, transgress, exceed
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Together, it means to step over, go beyond, or transgress a boundary or limit. It can be used to describe physically crossing over something or metaphorically exceeding a command or expectation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DOH
Translations: I may see, I might see, that I may see
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'to see'. Specifically, it is the first person singular aorist active subjunctive of the verb 'εἶδον' (eidon), which serves as the aorist of 'ὁράω' (horao). The subjunctive mood indicates possibility, desire, or purpose, often translated with 'may' or 'might', or introduced by 'that' in a purpose clause.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: The verb 'εἶδον' (eidon) is an aorist form that comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to the English word 'wit' and 'idea'.
G3928
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EL-thay
Translations: pass by, pass away, go by, come, pass through, neglect, disregard
Notes: This word means to pass by, to go past, or to come to an end. It can refer to time passing, events concluding, or people moving past a location. It can also imply neglecting or disregarding something. In the provided examples, it refers to time passing or an event concluding, such as a people passing through or wrath passing away.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active
Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OOD
Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-NOHN
Translations: I knew, I recognized, I understood, I learned
Notes: ἘΓΝΩΝ is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb γινώσκω. It signifies a completed action in the past, meaning 'I knew', 'I recognized', 'I understood', or 'I learned'. This form often implies an experiential or personal knowledge gained at a specific point in time.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ
G0000
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pal-LAX-ay
Translations: depart, be removed, be released, be delivered, be set free, be rid of, be acquitted
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to depart, be removed, or be released from something or someone. It can also mean to be delivered, set free, or acquitted. It is often used in contexts of separation or liberation. In the provided examples, it signifies 'depart' or 'be removed from'.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Subjunctive
Synonyms: ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ἘΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἀπαλλάσσω (apallassō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to alter'. Thus, it literally means 'to change away from' or 'to remove from'.
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-STREP-see
Translations: will turn away, will turn back, will return, will avert, will cause to return
Notes: This word means to turn something away or back, or to turn oneself away or back. It can be used both transitively (to turn something) and intransitively (to turn oneself). It often implies a physical turning, but can also be used metaphorically, such as turning away from a path or turning back to a previous state or person. It can also mean to cause something to return or to avert something.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: EPISTREPHO, STREPHO, APOTREPO
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-REH-ee
Translations: he will say, he will speak, he will tell
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'he will say' or 'he will speak'. It is used to indicate a future action of speaking or declaring something. For example, 'he will say to them' or 'he will speak about the matter'.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-sas
Translations: you did, you made, you have done, you have made
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, and is in the second person singular form. It is used when addressing a single person and referring to an action they performed.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pes-TRAP-tai
Translations: has been turned away, is turned away, has been averted, is averted, has been turned back, is turned back
Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb ἀποστρέφω (apostrephō). It means that something 'has been turned away' or 'is averted' by an external agent. It describes a state resulting from a past action, indicating that the turning away or averting is complete and its effect continues.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΤΡΕΠΩ
G3709
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GAYN
Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, punishment, a wrath, an anger
Notes: This word refers to a strong, passionate emotion, often intense anger or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous anger or divine judgment, which often leads to punishment. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΡΓΗ (orgē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werg-, meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It originally referred to an impulse or natural disposition, which then evolved to mean a strong emotion or passion, and eventually anger or wrath.
G2578
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-AMF-thay-san
Translations: they were bent, they bowed, they were made to bend, they were curved
Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist passive indicative, third person plural. It describes an action that happened in the past, where the subjects were acted upon, causing them to bend, bow, or be curved. It implies a state of being forced or caused to bend, rather than bending by one's own will.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΛΙΝΩ, ΚΥΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word κάμπτω (kamptō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an ancient root meaning 'to bend' or 'to curve'.
G2775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KAY-tay
Translations: sea monsters, whales, large fish
Notes: This word refers to large marine animals, such as whales, large fish, or sea monsters. It is a noun used to describe creatures of the deep sea.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: The word ΚΗΤΟΣ (kētos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers broadly to any large fish or sea creature.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G5219
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pah-koo-SEH-tai
Translations: he will obey, she will obey, it will obey, he will listen, she will listen, it will listen
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it will obey' or 'he/she/it will listen'. It describes a future action of compliance or heeding. It is often used in contexts where someone is expected to follow instructions or commands.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΑΚΟΥΩ
G1252
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-KREE-nay
Translations: distinguishes, judges, discerns, separates, decides, makes a distinction
Notes: This word means to separate, distinguish, judge, or discern. It implies making a decision or differentiation between things, people, or ideas. It can also mean to decide or to make a distinction.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G4487
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RHE-ma-ta
Translations: words, sayings, things, matters, deeds
Notes: This word refers to spoken or written words, sayings, or utterances. It can also refer to the 'things' or 'matters' that are spoken about, or even the 'deeds' that result from words. It is used broadly to encompass both the linguistic expression and the content or subject matter of that expression.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΙ, ΕΠΗ, ΦΩΝΑΙ
G5599
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Part of Speech: Interjection
Sounds like: OH
Translations: O, Oh
Notes: This word is an interjection used for direct address, exclamation, or to express strong emotion such as wonder, lament, or appeal. It often precedes a noun in the vocative case, indicating a direct address to someone or something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European.
G1522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-ah-koo-SEH-tie
Translations: will hear, will listen to, will answer
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to hear, listen to, or answer, often with the implication of a favorable or attentive hearing. It is used to describe someone who will pay attention to a request or prayer and respond to it. For example, it can be used to say that God will hear and answer prayers.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2917
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-mah-tos
Translations: (of) judgment, (of) a judgment, (of) condemnation, (of) a condemnation, (of) decision, (of) a decision, (of) sentence, (of) a sentence
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or condemnation. It can denote the act of judging, the result of a judgment, or the sentence pronounced. It is often used in legal or moral contexts, referring to a divine or human verdict.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ
G1189
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: deh-thee-SOH-meh
Translations: I will pray, I will entreat, I will beg
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pray,' 'to entreat,' or 'to beg.' It is used to express a strong request or supplication to someone, often to God. It can be used with a dative case to indicate the person being prayed to, or with a genitive case to indicate the thing being requested.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-LEH-soh
Translations: I will call, I will invite, I will name, I will summon
Notes: This word means 'I will call' or 'I will invite'. It is used to express a future action of calling someone or something, or inviting them to a place or event. It can also mean to name someone or something.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-oh
Translations: believe, trust, have faith
Notes: This verb means to believe, to trust, or to have faith. It can be used to express belief in a person or concept, often taking a dative object (e.g., 'to believe in God'). It can also mean to believe that something is true, in which case it might take an accusative object or a clause.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ
Etymology: From πίστις (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'.
G1522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-ah-KOO-o-en
Translations: he has heard, he has listened, he has answered
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen to', often with the implication of hearing and responding, especially in the context of prayer or a request. It is a compound word formed from the preposition εἰς (eis, 'into' or 'to') and the verb ἀκούω (akouō, 'to hear'). It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing relevance to the present.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G1105
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GNO-foh
Translations: (to) darkness, (to) gloom, (to) a thick cloud
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'γνόφος' (gnophos), which refers to darkness, gloom, or a thick, dark cloud. It is often used to describe a state of obscurity or a literal dark environment. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument, often translated with 'to' or 'in'.
Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΖΟΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'γνόφος' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be dark' or 'to be obscure'.
G1634
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-TRIP-see
Translations: he might destroy, he might wipe out, he might rub out, he might wear out, he might crush
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to destroy, wipe out, or rub out. It can also mean to wear out or crush. It is often used in contexts of complete annihilation or removal. For example, it might be used to describe the destruction of a city or the complete eradication of a people.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΕΞΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word ἐκτρίβω (ektribō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear out'. Thus, it literally means 'to rub out' or 'to wear out completely'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: POL-lah
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G4938
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-TRIM-mah-tah
Translations: bruises, wounds, destruction, ruin, a breaking, a crushing, a fracture, a calamity
Notes: This word refers to something that is broken, crushed, or shattered. It can denote physical injuries like bruises or wounds, or it can refer to the destruction, ruin, or calamity of something, such as a city or a people. It is often used in a figurative sense to describe a state of brokenness or devastation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΑΙ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-POY-ee-ken
Translations: he has made, he has done, he has produced, he has performed
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to make,' 'to do,' 'to produce,' or 'to perform.' It is in the perfect active indicative tense, third person singular. This tense describes an action completed in the past with continuing results or relevance in the present. It can be used in various contexts, such as 'he has made a decision' or 'he has done a good deed.'
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G2756
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: keh-NES
Translations: empty, vain, without effect, of no effect, of no purpose, of no result, without success, without content, without substance
Notes: This word describes something as empty, vain, or without substance. It can refer to something literally empty, like a container, or metaphorically empty, like an effort that yields no results or a promise that is not kept. It implies a lack of content, purpose, or effectiveness.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΡΓΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΕΝΟΣ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'empty'.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AH
Translations: if, whether, though, even if
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction, typically used to introduce a conditional clause. It expresses a condition or supposition, meaning 'if' or 'provided that'. It can also be used to introduce an indirect question, meaning 'whether'. In some contexts, it can convey the sense of 'even if' or 'though'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ΕΑΝ
Etymology: From the Greek particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an, 'if, perhaps'). It is a contraction of the two, forming a conditional conjunction.
G0385
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nahp-NYOO-sai
Translations: to breathe again, to recover breath, to refresh oneself, to take a breath
Notes: This word means to breathe again, to recover one's breath, or to refresh oneself. It is used to describe the act of regaining strength or composure after a period of exertion, distress, or difficulty. It implies a pause or cessation of activity to recuperate.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΨΥΧΩ, ἈΝΑΠΑΥΩ
Etymology: The word ἀναπνέω (anapneō) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'.
G1705
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-EP-play-sen
Translations: filled, satisfied, fulfilled
Notes: This word means to fill, to satisfy, or to fulfill. It is often used to describe the act of filling something with a substance, or satisfying a need or desire. For example, one might fill a vessel with water, or satisfy the hungry with food.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΩ, ΓΕΜΙΖΩ
G3090
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pik-REE-as
Translations: (of) bitterness, bitterness, a bitterness
Notes: This word refers to the quality or state of being bitter, both literally in taste and figuratively in disposition or experience. It can describe a sharp, unpleasant taste, or a feeling of resentment, anger, or deep sorrow. In a sentence, it might be used to describe the bitterness of a situation, a person's bitter attitude, or the bitter taste of something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΟΛΗ, ΠΙΚΡΟΤΗΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-ee
Translations: to be strong, to be able, to prevail, to have power, to be valid, to be effective
Notes: This verb means to be strong, to have power, to be able, or to prevail. It describes the capacity or ability of a person or thing to perform an action or to withstand something. It can also refer to something being valid or effective, such as a law or an argument.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
G2902
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kra-TEH-ee
Translations: he holds, she holds, it holds, he rules, she rules, it rules, he prevails, she prevails, it prevails, he grasps, she grasps, it grasps
Notes: This word means to hold, grasp, rule, or prevail. It is often used to describe someone exercising power or control over something or someone, or to indicate that something is strong or enduring. It can also mean to seize or take hold of something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΙΣΧΥΩ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G2917
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-mah-tee
Translations: (to) judgment, (to) a judgment, (to) decision, (to) a decision, (to) condemnation, (to) a condemnation, (to) punishment, (to) a punishment
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or sentence, often with the implication of a negative outcome like condemnation or punishment. It is used to describe a divine or human verdict, and can also refer to the act of judging itself. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition like 'in' or 'by' (ἐν) or 'to' (πρός) when used in the dative case.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ
G0436
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tee-STAY-seh-tai
Translations: will resist, will oppose, will withstand
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Therefore, it literally means 'to stand against'. It is used to describe the act of resisting, opposing, or standing firm against someone or something. It implies a direct confrontation or refusal to yield.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ὙΠΟΣΤΗΣΕΤΑΙ, ἘΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4750
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STOH-mah
Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance
Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G0764
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-seh-BEE-say
Translations: he will act impiously, he will be ungodly, he will sin
Notes: This word describes the action of being impious, ungodly, or irreverent towards God or sacred things. It signifies a deliberate act of wickedness or a failure to show proper reverence. In this form, it indicates a future action, meaning someone will commit such an act.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἉΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ἈΝΟΜΕΩ
Etymology: From ἀσεβής (asebēs, "ungodly"), which is from ἀ- (a-, "not") + σέβας (sebas, "reverence"). It literally means "not reverent" or "without reverence."
G0273
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-MEMP-tos
Translations: blameless, faultless, irreproachable, without fault
Notes: This adjective describes someone or something that is without fault, blame, or reproach. It signifies a state of being morally pure or beyond criticism. It can be used to describe a person's character or conduct, indicating that they are upright and above reproach.
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΓΚΛΗΤΟΣ, ἈΜΩΜΟΣ, ἈΚΑΤΑΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'μεμπτός' (memptos), which means 'blamable' or 'reproachable'. Thus, it literally means 'not blamable' or 'without blame'.
G4646
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: sko-LEE-os
Translations: crooked, perverse, dishonest, a crooked one, a perverse one, a dishonest one
Notes: This word describes something that is physically crooked or winding, not straight. Metaphorically, it refers to someone who is morally crooked, perverse, dishonest, or unfair in their dealings. It can be used to describe a person's character or actions.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine (can be other genders, numbers, and cases)
Synonyms: ΔΟΛΙΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to bend' or 'to turn'. It describes something that is not straight, either literally or figuratively.
G0576
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-BEE-so-my
Translations: I will go away, I will depart, I will turn out, I will result, I will become
Notes: This word is a verb indicating future action. It means to go away, depart, or to turn out or result in something. It can describe physical movement away from a place or the outcome or consequence of an event or action.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G1538
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EYE-teh
Translations: whether, or, either...or
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce alternative possibilities. It often appears in pairs (eite... eite...) to mean 'either... or', but can also be used alone to mean 'whether' or simply 'or'. It connects clauses or phrases that present different options or conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: Ἠ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei), meaning 'if', and the particle τε (te), meaning 'and'. It combines these elements to express conditional alternatives.
G0764
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-SEH-bee-sah
Translations: I acted impiously, I was ungodly, I committed sacrilege, I sinned against God
Notes: This word describes the act of being impious, ungodly, or irreverent towards God or sacred things. It signifies a lack of reverence or respect for divine authority and often implies a deliberate act of sin or transgression against religious or moral principles. It is used to describe actions that are contrary to what is considered righteous or holy.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ἉΜΑΡΤΆΝΩ, ἈΔΙΚΈΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE
Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life
Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.
G4133
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: PLAYN
Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ
Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.
G0851
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fah-EE-reh-tai
Translations: takes away, removes, cuts off, takes off, takes away from, deprives
Notes: This word means to take away, remove, or cut off. It is often used to describe the act of depriving someone of something, or to signify the removal of an object or concept. It can be used in various contexts, such as taking away poverty, removing dishonor, or cutting off a part of something.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G2222
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DZOH-ay
Translations: life, a life
Notes: This word refers to life in its broadest sense, encompassing both physical and spiritual existence. It can denote the principle of life, the period of life, or the way of life. It is often used to describe the state of being alive, as well as the quality of that existence, particularly in a spiritual or eternal context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΨΥΧΗ
Etymology: From the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It is related to the concept of vital breath and existence.
G1352
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which
Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pon
Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak
Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gahn
Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large
Notes: This word describes something as being great in size, importance, or intensity. It is used to modify nouns, indicating a significant quality or scale, such as a 'great fear' or a 'great priest'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ
G1413
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAS-teen
Translations: ruler, a ruler, potentate, a potentate, lord, a lord, prince, a prince
Notes: This word refers to a ruler, a potentate, or a powerful person. It is used to describe someone who holds authority or power, often in a political or governmental context. It can be used in sentences to refer to a king, a governor, or any individual with significant dominion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G0622
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-POL-loo-ee
Translations: destroys, ruins, perishes, loses, is lost
Notes: This word means to destroy, ruin, or cause to perish. It can also mean to lose something, or to be lost oneself. It is used to describe an action that brings something to an end or renders it useless.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΟΛΛΥΜΙ
G5337
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: FOW-loy
Translations: bad, evil, worthless, base, corrupt, bad ones, evil ones, worthless ones
Notes: This word describes something as bad, evil, or worthless, often in a moral sense. It can refer to actions, things, or people that are of poor quality or character. It is used to denote something that is morally corrupt or of little value.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΑΧΡΕΙΟΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tha-NA-toh
Translations: (to) death, (by) death, (with) death
Notes: This word refers to death, the cessation of life. It is often used in contexts describing the act of dying, the state of being dead, or the power of death. In this inflected form, it typically indicates the dative case, meaning 'to death,' 'by death,' or 'with death,' depending on the preceding preposition or the verb it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ, ΑΠΟΒΙΩΣΙΣ
G1808
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ex-AI-see-oh
Translations: extraordinary, excessive, monstrous, terrible, unusual, out of the ordinary
Notes: This word describes something that is out of the ordinary, extraordinary, or excessive. It can carry a negative connotation, implying something monstrous or terrible. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating an unusual or extreme quality of that noun.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΒΑΛΛΩΝ, ΑΛΛΟΚΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΞΑΙΣΙΟΣ (exaisios) is derived from the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and αἶσα (aisa), meaning 'fate' or 'due measure'. Thus, it literally means 'out of fate' or 'beyond measure', referring to something that exceeds what is normal or proper.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-KAI-oy
Translations: righteous, just, upright, innocent
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who is morally upright, innocent, or acting in accordance with what is right. It is often used to describe God's character or the character of those who follow His will.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ
G2691
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-geh-LOHN-tai
Translations: they laugh at, they mock, they ridicule
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to laugh at' or 'to mock'. It describes the action of showing contempt or derision towards someone or something through laughter. It is often used in a negative sense, implying scorn or ridicule.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-DEH-don-tai
Translations: they have been handed over, they have been delivered, they have been committed, they have been betrayed
Notes: This word is the third person plural perfect indicative passive form of the verb 'παραδίδωμι' (paradidomi). It means that a group of people or things have been given over, delivered, or entrusted to someone or something else, or that they have been betrayed. It implies a completed action with ongoing results.
Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ras
Translations: hands
Notes: This word refers to hands, the physical appendages at the end of the arm. It is used in various contexts, often literally for actions involving the hands, but also metaphorically to signify power, control, or agency. For example, something might be 'in the hands of' someone, meaning under their control.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
G0765
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-seh-BOOS
Translations: of the ungodly, of the impious, of the wicked, of an ungodly person, of an impious person, of a wicked person
Notes: This word describes someone who is ungodly, impious, or wicked, lacking reverence for God or divine law. It is used to characterize individuals or groups who act contrary to religious or moral principles. As a noun, it refers to an ungodly or impious person. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'σέβας' (sebas, meaning 'reverence' or 'worship').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΟΣ, ἈΔΙΚΟΣ, ἈΣΕΛΓΗΣ
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-SOH-pah
Translations: faces, countenances, presences, persons, appearances
Notes: This word refers to faces, countenances, or presences. It can also denote a person or an outward appearance. In a broader sense, it can refer to the surface of something. It is the plural form of the noun 'prosopon'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΕΙΔΗ, ΥΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'prosopon' is a compound word formed from 'pros' (πρός), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ops' (ὤψ), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It originally referred to the part of the face that is seen, then extended to mean the face itself, and later a person or presence.
G2923
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kree-TON
Translations: of judges, judges
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΚΡΙΤΗΣ' (kritēs), which means 'judge'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of judges'. It can also sometimes be translated simply as 'judges' when the genitive case implies a relationship rather than strict possession.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΣ, ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΣ
G4794
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-kah-LOOP-tei
Translations: to cover up, to conceal, to hide
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ (to cover). It means to cover completely, to hide, or to conceal something. It is used to describe the act of putting something out of sight or keeping it secret.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ (meaning 'to cover' or 'to hide'). The nu (Ν) in ΣΥΝ assimilates to a gamma (Γ) before a kappa (Κ) for ease of pronunciation.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G0979
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-os
Translations: life, a life, living, means of life, livelihood, wealth, property
Notes: This word refers to life in its physical sense, often emphasizing the duration or manner of one's existence, or the means by which one lives, such as one's livelihood or possessions. It can describe the course of life, the resources for life, or even the substance of life itself. It is distinct from other Greek words for life, such as 'ζωή' (zoe), which often refers to life in its essential, spiritual, or eternal aspect.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΩΗΝ, ΒΙΟΤΗ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷih₃w- meaning 'to live'. It is related to the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'.
G1645
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-lah-FROH-teh-ross
Translations: lighter, easier, less burdensome, more light, more easy
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'light' or 'easy'. It describes something that is less heavy, less difficult, or less burdensome than something else. It is used to compare two things, indicating that one possesses the quality of lightness or ease to a greater degree than the other.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΥΦΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΕΥΚΟΛΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἐλαφρός (elaphros) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'light' or 'swift'.
G1609
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dro-MEH-ohss
Translations: of a runner, of a courier, of a swift person
Notes: This word refers to someone who runs, a runner, or a courier. It can also describe a swift or quick person. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to a runner.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΑΧΥΔΡΟΜΟΣ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word Δρομεύς (dromeus) comes from the verb τρέχω (trechō), meaning 'to run'. It refers to one who runs.
G0628
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-DRAH-sahn
Translations: they fled away, they escaped
Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb διδράσκω (didraskō), meaning 'to run' or 'to flee'. Therefore, it means 'to run away' or 'to escape'. This form indicates that the action of fleeing or escaping was completed in the past by a group of people or things.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀποδιδράσκω is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb διδράσκω (didraskō), meaning 'to run' or 'to flee'. The root διδράσκω itself is an iterative or reduplicated form of δράω (draō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act', but in this context, it specifically refers to running or fleeing.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DOH-san
Translations: they knew, they saw, they perceived, they understood
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb meaning 'to know' or 'to see'. It describes an action of knowing or seeing that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point. It can be used in sentences to indicate that a group of people gained knowledge or had a visual perception of something.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ
Etymology: The root verb ΟΙΔΑ is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning, derived from an ancient Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to the aorist form ΕΙΔΟΝ.
G3591
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-oo-sin
Translations: to ships, for ships, by ships, with ships
Notes: This word refers to ships or vessels. It is used in the dative plural case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done. For example, it could mean 'to the ships' or 'by means of ships'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΟΙΑ, ΣΚΑΦΗ
G2487
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: IKH-nos
Translations: footprint, a footprint, track, a track, trace, a trace, vestige, a vestige
Notes: This word refers to a footprint, track, or trace left behind by something or someone. It can be used to describe the physical mark left by a foot, or more broadly, any sign or vestige that indicates the past presence or passage of something. For example, one might speak of finding the tracks of an animal or the faint traces of an ancient civilization.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΒΗΜΑ, ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *sekʷ- meaning 'to follow'.
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-DOO
Translations: (of) way, (of) road, (of) journey, (of) path
Notes: This word refers to a physical path, road, or highway. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a course of action, a journey, or a way of life. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin related to a way or path, such as 'the end of the road' or 'the beginning of the journey'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ
G0100
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-eh-TOO
Translations: of an eagle, of a vulture, of an eagle or vulture
Notes: This word refers to an eagle or a vulture. In Koine Greek, the term could apply to either bird of prey, often depending on the context. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, similar to 'of an eagle' or 'belonging to an eagle'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4072
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: peh-TOH-meh-noo
Translations: of flying, of one flying, of a flying one
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'petomai', meaning 'to fly'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or relation, often translated as 'of flying' or 'of one who is flying'. It can describe anything that is in the act of flight, such as a bird or an arrow.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΑΟΜΑΙ, ΠΤΗΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'petomai' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fall, fly'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to flight or falling.
G2212
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: zay-TOO-n-tos
Translations: of seeking, of searching, of desiring, of inquiring, of investigating, of requiring
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ζητέω', meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'. It describes someone who is in the act of seeking, searching, or desiring something. It is used to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating an ongoing action.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ
G0977
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bo-RAN
Translations: food, prey, a food, a prey, devouring
Notes: This word refers to food, especially that which is consumed by animals, or prey. It can also denote the act of devouring. It is used in sentences to indicate something that is eaten or consumed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΡΩΜΑ, ΤΡΟΦΗ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-POH
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell, to command, to call, to mean
Notes: This verb means 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to express a command or declaration. It can also mean 'to tell' or 'to call' in certain contexts. It is a common verb in Koine Greek, used in a wide variety of situations where communication is involved.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, 1st Person Singular (I may say); Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, 3rd Person Plural (they may say); Aorist, Infinitive, Active (to say)
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
Etymology: From an obsolete primary verb, which is a prolonged form of a primary verb (ἔπω) meaning 'to speak or say'. It is related to the idea of uttering words.
G1950
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-LEE-soh-mai
Translations: I will forget, I shall forget
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΛΑΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ (to forget). It means to forget something, often with the nuance of forgetting completely or overlooking. It is used to describe the act of losing memory of a person, thing, or event.
Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ἘΚΛΑΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: lah-LOHN
Translations: speaking, talking, saying, a speaker, one who speaks
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It describes someone who is currently in the act of speaking or talking. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the speaking man'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who speaks').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΙΡΗΚΩΣ
Etymology: The word 'λαλέω' (laleō) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering. It is related to the idea of uttering sounds or words.
G4887
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: soon-KOOP-sas
Translations: having bent down, having stooped down, having bowed down
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having bent down' or 'having stooped down'. It describes an action completed in the past that relates to the subject of the main verb. It implies a physical act of lowering one's body, often in humility, reverence, or to look at something on the ground.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΥΠΤΩ, ΚΛΙΝΩ
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-SO-po
Translations: (to) face, (to) presence, (to) person, (to) appearance, (to) countenance, (to) a face, (to) a presence, (to) a person, (to) an appearance, (to) a countenance
Notes: This word refers to the face, countenance, or appearance of a person. It can also be used to denote someone's presence or even the person themselves. In a broader sense, it can refer to the external aspect or surface of something. It is often used in contexts describing interaction or confrontation.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
G4726
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: sten-AX-oh
Translations: I will groan, I will sigh, I will lament
Notes: This word means to groan, sigh, or lament. It is used to express deep emotion, distress, or pain, often indicating a feeling of being burdened or oppressed. It describes an audible expression of inner suffering or complaint.
Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΕΝΘΕΩ
G4579
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SEH-yoh-my
Translations: to shake, to be shaken, to be moved, to be stirred, to be agitated
Notes: This verb means to shake, to be moved, or to be agitated. It can refer to physical shaking, such as the earth trembling during an earthquake, or to a person being emotionally stirred or disturbed. It is often used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is being acted upon.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΑΛΕΥΩ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'to swing' or 'to sway'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G3149
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-leh-sin
Translations: (to) limbs, (to) members, (to) parts
Notes: The word refers to the parts of the body, such as limbs or members. It can also be used more broadly to refer to parts of a whole, or even musical melodies. In the provided form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action, or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΗ, ΣΩΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (limb, member).
G0121
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-THOH-on
Translations: innocent, guiltless, unpunished, an innocent thing, a guiltless thing
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is free from guilt or blame, or that has not been punished for a wrongdoing. It is used to indicate a state of blamelessness or freedom from penalty. For example, one might speak of an 'innocent person' or 'innocent blood'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΤΙΟΣ, ἈΝΕΓΚΛΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'θωός' (thōos), which is related to 'θωή' (thōē), meaning 'penalty' or 'punishment'. Thus, it literally means 'without penalty' or 'unpunished'.
G1439
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-AH-sace
Translations: you will allow, you will permit, you will let, you will suffer
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to allow,' 'to permit,' 'to let,' or 'to suffer.' It is used to express giving permission or not hindering an action. The form 'ἘΑΣΕΙΣ' specifically means 'you will allow' or 'you will permit' in the future tense.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: ep-AY-day
Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-MEE
Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen
Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.
Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
G0765
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-seh-BAYS
Translations: ungodly, impious, wicked, an ungodly person, the ungodly
Notes: This word describes someone who is irreverent, impious, or wicked, particularly in their attitude or actions towards God. It refers to a lack of reverence, piety, or respect for divine authority and moral law. It can be used to describe a person or their actions, often implying a deliberate disregard for what is considered sacred or righteous.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ
Etymology: From 'α-' (a-, a negative particle) and 'σεβης' (sebes, 'pious' or 'reverent'), meaning 'without reverence' or 'impious'.
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-THA-non
Translations: I died, they died, he died, she died, it died
Notes: This word means 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is the aorist active indicative form, which describes a past action completed at a specific point in time. It can be either first person singular ('I died') or third person plural ('they died'). In some contexts, it can also be used for third person singular ('he/she/it died').
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΘΝῌΣΚΩ (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix emphasizes the separation from life.
G0628
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-so-mai
Translations: I will wash myself, I will bathe myself, I will cleanse myself
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to wash oneself thoroughly, to bathe, or to cleanse oneself. It is used in the middle voice, indicating that the subject performs the action upon themselves. It implies a complete or decisive washing.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Middle, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΟΥΩ, ΝΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἈΠΟ- (APO-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΟΥΩ (LOUO), meaning 'to wash' or 'to bathe'. The prefix intensifies the action, suggesting a complete washing.
G5510
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khee-OH-nee
Translations: (to) snow, a snow
Notes: This word is a noun referring to snow. It is used to describe the frozen precipitation that falls from the sky. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to snow' or 'for snow'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European word for 'winter' or 'snow'.
G0683
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-ka-THA-roh-mai
Translations: to cleanse oneself, to purify oneself, to wash oneself clean
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'καθαίρω' (to cleanse). It means to thoroughly cleanse or purify oneself. It is used in the middle voice, indicating that the subject performs the action upon themselves, emphasizing self-purification or self-cleansing. It can be used in contexts of ritual purity or moral cleansing.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHER-sin
Translations: (to) hands, (with) hands, (in) hands, hands
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'hand'. It refers to multiple hands and indicates the indirect object of an action, the instrument by which something is done, or the location where something is found. It is often translated as 'to hands', 'with hands', or 'in hands' depending on the specific context of the sentence.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2513
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-tha-RAIS
Translations: clean, pure, innocent, holy, unmixed, unadulterated
Notes: This word describes something that is free from dirt, defilement, or impurity. It can refer to physical cleanliness, moral purity, or ritual cleanness. When used in a sentence, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being clean or pure. For example, 'clean hands' or 'pure heart'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΟΛΥΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ (katharos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the verb καθαίρω (kathairō), meaning 'to cleanse' or 'to purify'.
G2425
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ee-kah-NOHS
Translations: sufficiently, adequately, enough, well, greatly, abundantly
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'sufficiently' or 'adequately'. It indicates that something is done to a satisfactory or ample degree. It can also mean 'well' or 'greatly', emphasizing the extent or quality of an action. It is often used to describe the measure or amount of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΚΟΥΝΤΩΣ, ΕΥ
G4509
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: roo-POH
Translations: to be filthy, to be dirty, to be defiled, to be soiled
Notes: This verb describes the state of being dirty, filthy, or defiled. It can refer to physical uncleanness or moral impurity. It is often used to describe a state of neglect or degradation.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΜΙΑΙΝΩ, ΜΟΛΥΝΩ
Etymology: From the noun ῥύπος (rhupos), meaning 'filth' or 'dirt'.
G0907
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-BAP-sas
Translations: you dipped, you dyed, you baptized
Notes: This is a verb in the aorist active indicative mood, second person singular. It means 'you dipped,' 'you dyed,' or 'you baptized.' It describes an action that was completed in the past. The primary meaning is to immerse or submerge something, which can lead to the sense of dyeing (by dipping into a dye) or baptizing (by dipping into water).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΥΠΤΩ, ΒΑΠΤΙΖΩ
G0948
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eb-deh-LOO-xah-toh
Translations: abhorred, detested, loathed, regarded as an abomination
Notes: This verb describes a strong feeling of disgust, aversion, or hatred towards something, often implying that the object is considered morally or ritually unclean, or an abomination. It is used to express a deep sense of revulsion. In the provided form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a third person singular subject (he, she, or it).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΜΙΣΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΒΔΕΛΥΣΣΟΜΑΙ is derived from the noun βδέλυγμα (bdelygma), meaning 'a detestable thing' or 'abomination'. It signifies to make or consider something an abomination.
G4749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sto-LEE
Translations: robe, a robe, garment, a garment, apparel, clothing
Notes: This word refers to a long, flowing garment or robe, often worn as formal attire or a uniform. It can also generally mean clothing or apparel. It is typically used to describe an outer garment.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΧΙΤΩΝ
Etymology: From the Greek verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to arrange, to equip, to send'. The noun refers to that which is arranged or equipped, specifically clothing.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition
Sounds like: KAT
Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the first-person pronoun, meaning 'me'. It is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions that take the accusative case, indicating the recipient of an action or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G0485
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tee-KREE-noo-mai
Translations: I answer, I reply, I contradict, I dispute
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti, meaning 'against' or 'in return') and 'κρίνω' (krino, meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'). It means to answer or reply, often with the implication of disputing or contradicting. It can be used in contexts where someone is responding to an accusation or engaging in a debate.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἀντικρίνομαι is derived from ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return', and κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. The middle/passive voice emphasizes the action being done to oneself or for oneself, or the reciprocal nature of the action.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-THOH-men
Translations: let us come, let us go
Notes: This word is a verb form meaning 'let us come' or 'let us go'. It is used to express a hortatory or deliberative action, suggesting a joint action or proposal. It implies a movement towards a place or a state, often used in contexts where a group is deciding to proceed together.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G3661
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: oh-moh-thoo-MAH-don
Translations: with one accord, unanimously, with one mind, together
Notes: This word describes an action performed by a group of people who are in complete agreement or have a single purpose. It emphasizes unity and harmony in their actions, meaning they act as if they have one shared spirit or intention. It is often used to describe a collective action where there is no dissent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΘΥΜΑΔΟΝ is derived from the adjective ΟΜΟΘΥΜΑΔΟΣ, which is a compound of ΟΜΟΣ (homos), meaning 'same' or 'one', and ΘΥΜΟΣ (thymos), meaning 'spirit', 'mind', or 'passion'. Thus, it literally means 'with the same spirit' or 'with one mind'.
G2920
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-seen
Translations: judgment, a judgment, decision, condemnation, a condemnation, justice, a justice, dispute, a dispute
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or the act of judging. It can also mean condemnation or the process of discerning right from wrong. It is often used in contexts of legal or divine judgment, or in a more general sense of making a decision or distinguishing between things.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ
G1487
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Part of Speech: Particle, Interjection
Sounds like: EYE-theh
Translations: would that, if only, I wish that
Notes: This word is a particle used to express a wish or a strong desire. It often introduces a clause that states what the speaker wishes were true, even if it's contrary to fact. It can be translated as 'would that,' 'if only,' or 'I wish that.' It is typically followed by a verb in the optative or indicative mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ ΓΑΡ, ΟΦΕΛΟΝ
Etymology: From the particle εἰ (ei), meaning 'if,' and the particle θε (the), which is an enclitic particle used to emphasize or express a wish. It expresses a strong wish or desire.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G3316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-SEE-tays
Translations: mediator, an mediator, umpire, an umpire, arbitrator, an arbitrator, go-between, a go-between
Notes: This word refers to a person who stands in the middle between two parties, acting as an intermediary, arbitrator, or mediator. It is used to describe someone who reconciles differences, negotiates agreements, or serves as a guarantor. It is a compound word derived from μέσος (mesos), meaning 'middle'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩΝ, ΕΓΓΥΟΣ, ΔΙΑΛΛΑΚΤΗΣ
Etymology: From μέσος (mesos), meaning 'middle', and the suffix -ίτης (-ites), indicating a person associated with something. Thus, it literally means 'one who is in the middle'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G1651
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eh-LENG-khon
Translations: convicting, rebuking, reproving, exposing, showing, proving, a convicting, a rebuking, a reproving
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἘΛΕΓΧΩ'. It describes the action of someone who is convicting, rebuking, reproving, or exposing. It can be used to describe someone who is bringing to light a fault or proving something to be true. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'the one who rebukes' or 'he who exposes'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΤΙΜΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΛΕΓΧΩ comes from an ancient root meaning to 'put to the test' or 'to cross-examine'. It implies a process of scrutiny leading to conviction or proof.
G1254
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-KOO-ohn
Translations: hearing, listening, judging, deciding, discerning
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'διακούω' (diakouō). It describes the action of hearing through, listening carefully, or discerning, often with the implication of judging or deciding a matter after thorough listening. It can function adjectivally, describing someone who is hearing or judging, or verbally, indicating an ongoing action of listening or deciding.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩΝ, ΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΖΩΝ
G0303
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix
Sounds like: ah-NAH
Translations: up, upward, again, back, each, per, through, among, by, on, upon
Notes: ἈΝΑ is a versatile Koine Greek word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement 'up' or 'upward', or distribution 'each' or 'per'. As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upward'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys meanings such as 'up', 'back', 'again', or 're-'. For example, in 'ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ' (anastethi), it means 'stand up' or 'rise up'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'on, upon, up'.
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: MEH-son
Translations: middle, midst, between, among, a middle, the middle
Notes: This word refers to the middle point, space, or time. It is often used in phrases with prepositions like "ana" (ἀνά) or "en" (ἐν) to indicate being "in the midst of," "between," or "among" things or people.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΝΤΟΣ
G0297
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: am-fo-TEH-ron
Translations: (of) both, (of) both parties, (of) both sides
Notes: This word means 'of both' or 'of both parties/sides'. It is an adjective used to refer to two distinct entities or groups, indicating that something pertains to or is shared by both of them. It is typically used in a context where two things have already been mentioned or are clearly implied.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
G0525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pal-LAX-ah-toh
Translations: let him deliver, let him free, let him release, let him remove, let him rid
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to deliver, free, release, or remove. It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to exchange'. In this form, it is an imperative, commanding or requesting someone to perform the action of delivering or removing something. It implies a separation or a change of state from one condition to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΛΥΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: AP
Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G4464
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RAHB-don
Translations: rod, a rod, staff, a staff, scepter, a scepter, club, a club
Notes: This word refers to a rod, staff, or stick, often used for support, as a weapon, or as a symbol of authority (like a scepter). It can also refer to a club or a branch. In the provided context, it appears to be used in various senses, including a literal rod or staff, and metaphorically as a symbol of authority or discipline.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΒΑΚΤΗΡΙΑ
G5401
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOH-bos
Translations: fear, a fear, terror, dread, reverence, respect
Notes: This word refers to the emotion of fear, dread, or terror. It can also denote reverence or respect, especially in a religious context, such as the 'fear of God'. It is a masculine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases depending on its role in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *bhegʷ- meaning 'to flee, to run away'. In Greek, it evolved to refer to the emotion that causes one to flee or be afraid.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stroh-BEI-toh
Translations: let it turn, let it whirl, let it twist, let it spin, let it agitate
Notes: This word is a verb, likely an imperative form, meaning 'let it turn' or 'let it whirl'. It suggests an action of rotating, spinning, or causing something to move in a circular or agitated manner. It is not a common word in Koine Greek and may be a rare or specialized form, possibly related to the more common verb 'στρέφω' (to turn).
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Active Imperative
Etymology: The etymology of ΣΤΡΟΒΕΩ is uncertain, but it is likely related to the Proto-Indo-European root *strebʰ-, meaning 'to turn, twist'.
G5399
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-bee-THOH
Translations: fear, be afraid, dread
Notes: This word means to fear, be afraid, or dread. It is often used in contexts where one is warned not to be afraid, or to describe the act of fearing something or someone. It can also imply reverence or awe, especially when referring to God.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-LEE-soh
Translations: I will speak, I will say, I will talk
Notes: This is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will speak' or 'I will say'. It is commonly used to express future communication or declaration.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
Etymology: From an onomatopoeic root, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering. It originally referred to incoherent speech or babbling, but in Koine Greek, it evolved to mean speaking in general, often with a focus on the act of speaking rather than the content.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-toh
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner
Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.
G4921
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ep-is-TAH-my
Translations: to understand, to know, to be aware of, to be conscious of, to be privy to
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to understand together with' or 'to be aware of'. It implies a shared or deep understanding, often of something specific. It can be used to express personal knowledge or consciousness of a fact or situation.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: From the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-, 'with, together') and ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ (epistamai, 'to know, understand'), which itself comes from ΕΠΙ- (epi-, 'upon, over') and ΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ (histamai, 'to stand'). The combination suggests 'standing upon' or 'being firmly established in knowledge together with'.
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