2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proo-VAH-ee-neh

Translations: went forward, advanced, proceeded, made progress, grew older

Notes: This word describes the action of moving forward, advancing, or making progress. It can refer to physical movement, but often implies progress in time, age, or a process. For example, it can mean to grow older or to proceed with a task.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΡΟΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟ (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-le-po-TEH-ran

Translations: more difficult, a more difficult, harsher, a harsher, more grievous, a more grievous, more severe, a more severe

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'χαλεπός' (chalepos), meaning 'difficult', 'harsh', or 'grievous'. As a comparative adjective, 'χαλεπωτέραν' means 'more difficult', 'harsher', or 'more grievous'. It is used to describe something that is of a greater degree of difficulty or severity than something else. For example, it could describe a situation that is more challenging or a punishment that is more severe.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΤΕΡΑΝ, ΒΑΡΥΤΕΡΑΝ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAM-bah-neh

Translations: he was taking, he was receiving, he was getting, he was seizing, he was obtaining

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. It describes what someone 'was doing' or 'used to do' rather than a single completed action.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G1937

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-EE-doh-sin

Translations: progress, advancement, increase, a giving over, a giving up, a surrender

Notes: This word refers to the act of making progress, advancing, or increasing. It can also denote a giving over or a surrender. It is used to describe a forward movement or improvement in a situation or condition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΟΠΗ, ΑΥΞΗΣΙΣ, ΒΕΛΤΙΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἐπιδίδωμι (epididōmi), meaning 'to give over, to give in addition, to increase'. It is a compound word formed from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition') and δίδωμι (didōmi, 'to give').

G0485

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-tee-meh-ta-la-BOO-sees

Translations: of having received in turn, of having taken in exchange, of having partaken in return

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ἀντιμεταλαμβάνω (antimetalambanō), meaning 'to receive in turn' or 'to take in exchange'. It describes an action of reciprocal taking or receiving. As a genitive participle, it often indicates a cause, time, or circumstance related to the main verb of the sentence, functioning similarly to a subordinate clause.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist, Active

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3402

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEE-sos

Translations: hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to the strong feeling of intense dislike or ill will towards someone or something. It is often used to describe animosity or enmity. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, for example, 'their hatred' or 'he felt hatred'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΑΠΕΧΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΟΣ comes from the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G2102

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-doh-kee-MEE-kay

Translations: he has been well-pleased, she has been well-pleased, it has been well-pleased, he has been approved, she has been approved, it has been approved, he has prospered, she has prospered, it has prospered

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb ΕΥ̓ΔΟΚΙΜΕΩ (eudokimeō). It means to be well-pleased, to be approved, or to prosper. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present, performed by a singular subject (he, she, or it). It describes a state of having found favor, gained approval, or achieved success.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΑΡΕΣΤΕΩ, ΚΑΛΩΣ ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΔΟΚΙΜΕΩ is a compound word derived from ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeō), meaning 'to seem', 'to think', or 'to be of opinion'. Thus, it literally means 'to seem good' or 'to be well-regarded'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2300

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THRAH-soss

Translations: boldness, a boldness, audacity, a audacity, confidence, a confidence, courage, a courage, insolence, an insolence, rashness, a rashness

Notes: This word refers to boldness, audacity, or confidence. It can be used in both a positive sense, indicating courage or confidence, and a negative sense, implying insolence, rashness, or presumptuousness. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ, ΘΑΡΣΟΣ

Etymology: From the root θρασ- (thras-), related to θρασύς (thrasys, 'bold, audacious'). It is connected to the idea of being daring or courageous.

G2983

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lam-ba-NOO-sees

Translations: (of) taking, (of) receiving, (of) seizing, (of) grasping, (of) getting, (of) obtaining, (of) accepting, (of) a taking, (of) a receiving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it describes an action being performed by a subject, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular subject that is in the process of taking or receiving something. It can be used to modify a noun or pronoun, or to introduce a dependent clause.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΛΑΒΩΝ

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-THEH-nah

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, any, not any, none

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one', 'nobody', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that there is 'not any' of that noun. As a pronoun, it stands in for 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is often used in prohibitions or commands, especially with the subjunctive mood, to forbid an action.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness

Translations: of that, of her

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-li-PEIN

Translations: to leave behind, to abandon, to forsake, to desert, to depart from, to bequeath

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'καταλείπω'. It is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'λείπω' (to leave). It means to leave something or someone behind, to abandon, or to forsake. It can also refer to leaving something as a legacy or inheritance. It is often used in contexts where someone departs from a place, leaves a person, or abandons a practice.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ee-REE-meh-nes

Translations: of having been taken up, of having been destroyed, of having been killed, of having been abolished

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἀναιρέω' (anaireō), meaning to take up, destroy, or kill. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. In this specific form, it describes something that has been taken up, destroyed, or killed, indicating a completed action with a resulting state. It is often used in contexts of removing, abolishing, or putting an end to something or someone.

Inflection: Perfect, Participle, Passive, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ἈΝΕΛΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-ON-tone

Translations: of having, of holding, of possessing, of those who have, of those who hold, of those who possess

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the genitive plural, it often translates as 'of those who have' or 'of the ones possessing', indicating possession or a characteristic of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2309

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: thra-SY

Translations: bold, daring, reckless, presumptuous, insolent, audacious

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is bold, daring, or courageous. It can also carry a negative connotation, implying recklessness, insolence, or presumptuousness, especially when someone acts with excessive confidence or disregard for consequences. It is used to describe a person's character or actions.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ, ΑΥΘΑΔΗΣ, ΑΝΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΡΑΣΥΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dher- meaning 'to jump, spring, dare, be bold'. It is related to words signifying courage and boldness.

G1419

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doos-NOON

Translations: ill-disposed, disaffected, hostile, unfriendly

Notes: This word describes someone who has an unfavorable or hostile disposition towards another person or thing. It indicates a state of being ill-willed or unfriendly. It is often used to describe a negative attitude or feeling directed at someone.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative/Accusative, Masculine/Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΕΧΘΗΣ, ΔΥΣΜΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word δυσνοῦς (dysnous) is a compound word formed from the prefix δυσ- (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and νοῦς (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'disposition'. Thus, it literally means 'bad-minded' or 'ill-disposed'.

G1080

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-gen-NEE-koh-tah

Translations: the one who has begotten, the one who has given birth, the father, the parent, him who has begotten

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, masculine singular accusative, derived from the verb 'gennao' (to beget, to give birth). It refers to the one who has performed the action of begetting or giving birth. In the provided context, it refers to 'the father' or 'the one who has begotten' in an accusative case, indicating the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Perfect, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΗΡ, ΓΟΝΕΥΣ

G3420

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MNEE-may

Translations: memory, remembrance, a memory, a remembrance

Notes: This word refers to the faculty by which things are recalled to the mind, or the act of remembering. It can also refer to the state of being remembered or the record of something. It is typically used in sentences to denote the concept of recollection or a memorial.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΜΝΗΣΙΣ, ΜΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΝΗΜΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men-, meaning 'to think, remember'. It is related to other Greek words concerning the mind and memory.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OY-ah

Translations: such as, of what sort, what kind of, as, like, as great as, as much as

Notes: This word is an adjective or adverb used to express comparison or quality. As an adjective, it means 'such as' or 'of what sort,' describing the nature or kind of something. As an adverb, it means 'as' or 'like,' indicating similarity or manner. It can also be used in exclamations to express wonder or surprise, meaning 'what a!' or 'how great!'.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Singular; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kra-TEH-in

Translations: to rule, to hold, to prevail, to master, to overcome, to control, to grasp, to seize

Notes: This word describes the act of exercising power, authority, or control over something or someone. It can mean to rule or govern, to hold fast or grasp firmly, or to overcome and prevail in a struggle. It is often used to indicate dominance or mastery.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The word κρατέω (krateō) derives from κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, might, dominion'.

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: desire, a desire, longing, lust, craving

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for something good, or it can refer to an evil and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, toward) and 'θυμός' (passion, spirit).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'toward', and the noun θυμός (thymos), meaning 'passion', 'spirit', or 'soul'. It thus conveys the idea of a strong inclination or passion directed towards something.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kon

Translations: evil, bad, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, an evil thing, a wrong, a misfortune, a disaster

Notes: This word describes something that is bad, evil, or harmful. It can refer to moral wickedness, physical harm, or general poor quality. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to an evil thing, a wrong, or a misfortune. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or conditions.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-boo-LEE

Translations: plot, a plot, conspiracy, a conspiracy, treachery, a treachery, ambush, an ambush

Notes: This word refers to a deliberate plan or scheme, often with malicious intent. It can describe a conspiracy, a plot, or an act of treachery. It is typically used to denote a hidden or secret design aimed at harming someone or achieving a goal through deceitful means.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΜΗΧΑΝΗ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, “upon, over”) + βουλή (boulē, “counsel, plan”). It literally means 'a plan upon' or 'a design against'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G240

Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun

Sounds like: al-LAY-lone

Translations: of one another, of each other

Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5158

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TRO-pos

Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, habit, character, conduct, turn

Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or mode of doing something. It can also describe a custom, habit, or one's character and conduct. It is often used to describe how an action is performed or the nature of a person's behavior.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΗ, ΕΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb τρέπω (trepō), meaning 'to turn'. The noun refers to the way something turns or is directed, hence its meaning of 'manner' or 'way'.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mi-SEIN

Translations: to hate, to detest, to abhor

Notes: This word means to hate, detest, or abhor. It is the infinitive form of the verb 'to hate'. It is often used to describe a strong negative feeling towards someone or something, sometimes in contrast to loving.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'μισέω' (miseō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hate' or 'to be angry'. It is related to other words in various Indo-European languages that convey similar negative emotions.

G3664

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOY-os

Translations: like, similar, a like, a similar

Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or appearance. For example, it can be used to say 'like him' or 'similar to God'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; can also be other cases and plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *somH- 'same, one'. It is related to words meaning 'same' or 'together'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G5319

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-neh-ROH

Translations: I make manifest, I reveal, I show, I appear, I become visible

Notes: This verb means to make something visible, known, or clear. It can be used transitively, meaning to reveal or disclose something to someone, or intransitively, meaning to appear or become visible oneself. For example, one might 'make manifest' a truth, or a person might 'appear' in a certain place.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΕΜΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: From φανερός (phaneros, "visible, manifest"), which comes from φαίνω (phainō, "to show, to appear").

G3058

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: loy-dor-ay-THAY-nye

Translations: to be reviled, to be insulted, to be abused, to be slandered

Notes: This word describes the act of being subjected to verbal abuse, insults, or slander. It implies being spoken to in a harsh, contemptuous, or reproachful manner. It is often used in contexts where someone is being publicly shamed or ridiculed.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ

Etymology: From λοιδορία (loidoria, 'reviling, abuse'), which comes from λοίδορος (loidoros, 'abusive, reviling').

G4267

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-oh-ney-DI-sai

Translations: to reproach, to upbraid, to revile, to cast in one's teeth

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive of the verb προσονειδίζω (prosonidizo). It means to reproach, to upbraid, or to revile someone, often with the implication of adding insult to injury or doing so in addition to other actions. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'in addition to', and the verb ὀνειδίζω (oneidizo), meaning 'to reproach' or 'to insult'. It describes the act of verbally attacking or shaming someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΝΕΙΔΙΖΩ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ

G2104

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-GEH-nes

Translations: noble, well-born, high-born, honorable, a noble thing, a well-born thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something of good birth, high social standing, or excellent character. It can refer to a person who is noble by lineage or by their moral qualities. It is used to describe things that are excellent, honorable, or of high quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ἈΓΑΘΟΣ, ΓΕΝΝΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΓΕΝΗΣ (eugenēs) is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun ΓΕΝΟΣ (genos), meaning 'race', 'stock', or 'birth'. Thus, it literally means 'well-born' or 'of good stock'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G559

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pei-REE-as

Translations: of inexperience, of ignorance, of lack of experience, of want of experience

Notes: This word refers to a state of lacking experience, skill, or knowledge in a particular area. It describes a condition of being inexperienced or ignorant, often implying a lack of practical understanding or familiarity with something. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πειρα' (peira, meaning 'trial' or 'experience').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΙΑ, ΑΜΑΘΙΑ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: OY-oh-me-noy

Translations: thinking, supposing, imagining, believing, considering, expecting

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'thinking' or 'supposing'. It describes someone who is in the act of believing, imagining, or considering something. It often implies a subjective opinion or a belief that may or may not be true. It is used to describe the state of mind of the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΟΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From the root of ΟἼΩ (oiō), meaning 'to suppose, think, imagine'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek verb.

G0422

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-yoo-POS-toh-lon

Translations: unhesitating, unreserved, without shrinking, without holding back, without reserve

Notes: This word describes something done without hesitation, reservation, or holding back. It implies boldness, frankness, or an unreserved manner. It can be used to describe actions, speech, or a general disposition.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ, ἈΦΟΒΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀν- (an-, meaning 'un-' or 'not') and the root of ὑποστέλλω (hypostellō), which means 'to draw back' or 'to shrink from'. Thus, it literally means 'not drawing back' or 'unshrinking'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G2559

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: kah-koh-AY-thohs

Translations: maliciously, spitefully, wickedly, mischievously, with ill-will

Notes: This adverb describes an action performed with malice, ill-will, or a mischievous intent. It implies a disposition to do harm or to act in a spiteful manner. It is derived from the adjective 'kakoēthēs', meaning 'malicious' or 'ill-natured'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΣ, ΔΟΛΙΩΣ, ΦΘΟΝΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The root adjective ΚΑΚΟΗΘΗΣ is a compound word formed from ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and ἦθος (ēthos), meaning 'character' or 'disposition'. Thus, it literally means 'having a bad character'.

G4264

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-EL-kon-tes

Translations: drawing forward, dragging forward, pulling forward, attracting, alluring

Notes: This word describes the action of drawing or dragging something forward. It can be used literally, such as pulling an object, or metaphorically, like attracting or alluring someone or something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΚΩ, ΣΥΡΩ, ΑΓΩ

G2694

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kah-tah-loh-ghee-ZOH-meh-noy

Translations: reckoning, counting, considering, imputing, attributing

Notes: This word describes the action of reckoning, counting, or considering something. It implies a process of careful thought or calculation, often in the sense of attributing or imputing something to someone. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing someone who is in the act of reckoning or considering.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-es-thigh

Translations: to think, to suppose, to believe, to imagine, to expect

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'οἴομαι' (oiomai), meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'. It is used to express an opinion, belief, or expectation. As an infinitive, it often functions as the object of another verb or as a complement, similar to 'to think' or 'to suppose' in English.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'οἴομαι' (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'οἶδα' (oida, 'to know') or 'οἶος' (oios, 'alone'). It has cognates in other Indo-European languages related to opinion or belief.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G0794

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AS-kheh-ton

Translations: unrestrained, uncontrollable, excessive, intolerable, an unrestrained thing

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be held back, controlled, or managed. It implies a lack of restraint or an overwhelming quality, often used to describe something excessive or intolerable. It can be used to describe emotions, actions, or situations that are beyond control.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΑΤΗΣ, ΑΝΕΚΛΑΛΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄσχετος (ascheton) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verb ἔχω (echō) meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'not held' or 'without hold', leading to the sense of unrestrained or uncontrollable.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0159

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ai-TI-on

Translations: cause, a cause, reason, a reason, responsible, guilty, blame

Notes: This word refers to the cause or reason for something, or someone who is responsible or guilty for an action or outcome. It can function as both a noun, meaning 'a cause' or 'a reason,' and as an adjective, meaning 'responsible' or 'guilty.' It is often used to identify the origin or source of an event or state.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΙΑ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΑΡΧΗ

Etymology: The word originates from the Greek verb αἰτέω (aitéō), meaning 'to ask, beg, or demand.' Over time, it evolved to refer to that which is asked for or demanded as a reason or cause.

G1380

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doh-KOON-tah

Translations: seeming, appearing, thinking, supposing, reputed, those seeming, those appearing, those thinking, those supposing, those reputed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ΔΟΚΕΩ, meaning 'to seem,' 'to appear,' 'to think,' or 'to suppose.' It describes something or someone that is perceived or believed to be true, often implying a subjective judgment or reputation rather than an objective fact. It can be translated as 'seeming,' 'appearing,' or 'reputed,' and when used substantively (as a noun), it refers to 'those who seem' or 'those who are reputed.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ

G5097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tee-moh-RAY-ses-thai

Translations: to punish, to avenge, to take vengeance, to help, to defend

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'timoreo'. It generally means to punish or to take vengeance upon someone. However, it can also mean to help or defend someone, especially in the middle voice, implying a sense of defending oneself or one's rights by punishing an aggressor. It describes the act of retribution or protective action.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΙΚΕΩ, ΚΟΛΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ (timōreō) comes from the Greek words τιμή (timē), meaning 'honor' or 'value', and ὀρέω (oreō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to look after'. Thus, it originally conveyed the sense of 'caring for one's honor' or 'defending one's rights', which evolved into 'avenging' or 'punishing' those who dishonor.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G0074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-goh-NIS-mah-sin

Translations: to contests, to struggles, to battles, to efforts, to exercises

Notes: This word refers to contests, struggles, or efforts, particularly in the context of athletic games or moral/spiritual battles. It is often used to describe the arena or the act of contending in a competition. In a sentence, it would indicate the object or recipient of an action related to these struggles or contests.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΩΝ, ΑΘΛΟΝ, ΠΑΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἈΓΩΝΙΣΜΑ (agonisma) derives from the verb ἀγωνίζομαι (agonizomai), meaning 'to contend' or 'to struggle', which itself comes from ἀγών (agon), meaning 'assembly', 'contest', or 'struggle'.

G559

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pei-REE-ah

Translations: inexperience, ignorance, a lack of experience, an ignorance

Notes: This word refers to a lack of experience or knowledge, often implying a state of being unskilled or unacquainted with something. It can describe someone who is new to a task or situation and therefore lacks the necessary understanding or skill. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πειρα' (peira, meaning 'experience' or 'trial').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΙΑ, ΑΜΑΘΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, 'not', 'without') and 'πειρα' (peira, 'experience', 'trial'). It literally means 'without experience'.

G2729

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kat-is-KHOO-en

Translations: prevailed, was prevailing, overcome, was overcoming, be strong against, was strong against

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἰσχύω (ischyō, meaning 'to be strong' or 'to have power'). It means to prevail, to be strong against, or to overcome. It describes an action of gaining superiority or power over something or someone, often implying a struggle or opposition. It can be used to describe a person or force that is gaining the upper hand in a situation.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

G1959

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-MEH-li-ah

Translations: care, a care, diligence, attention, a diligence, a attention

Notes: This word refers to careful attention, diligence, or concern for something or someone. It implies a focused effort or a watchful attitude towards a task or responsibility. It can be used in contexts where someone is taking charge or showing great effort in their duties.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΟΧΗ, ΣΠΟΥΔΗ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, over') and the verb μέλω (melō, 'to care for, be a concern'). It denotes the act of applying care or attention to something.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: was taking, he was taking, she was taking, it was taking, used to take, was receiving, he was receiving, she was receiving, it was receiving, used to receive

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Therefore, it indicates that someone or something 'was taking' or 'was receiving' something, or 'used to take/receive' something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G0091

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: akh-THOH-meh-noy

Translations: being grieved, being distressed, being burdened, being annoyed, being vexed, being indignant

Notes: This word describes the state of being burdened, distressed, or grieved. It is often used to convey a sense of annoyance, indignation, or deep sorrow. It is a middle voice verb, indicating that the action affects the subject directly, meaning 'to be burdened oneself' or 'to feel burdened'.

Inflection: Present, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΒΑΡΥΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἄχθομαι (achthomai) is derived from ἄχθος (achthos), meaning 'a burden' or 'a load'. It describes the feeling of being weighed down or oppressed.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: ka-KAY-neen

Translations: and that, and that one, and her, and that woman

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the conjunction "καὶ" (kai), meaning "and" or "also," and the demonstrative pronoun "ἐκείνην" (ekeinen), meaning "that one" or "her." The apostrophe indicates an elision of the final iota of "καὶ" before the initial epsilon of "ἐκείνην." It is used to connect a previous statement or idea with the concept of "that one" or "her," often emphasizing the inclusion of that person or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: SFAHS

Translations: unknown, possibly a fragment

Notes: This word appears to be a fragment or a misspelling of a Koine Greek word. It is not a complete word on its own. Based on the provided examples, it might be part of a proper noun like 'ΜΑΣΦΑΣΣΑΤ' (Masphassat), which is a place name, or a truncation of a word like 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάγιον' (safe sacrifice) or 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάλλω' (to make safe from stumbling). Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and usage are unclear. It is highly probable that this is a typo or an incomplete word.

Inflection: Unknown

G5355

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-fee-loh-NEH-ee-koon

Translations: they were contending, they were striving, they were disputing, they were quarreling

Notes: This word describes the act of contending, striving, or disputing with someone, often in a quarrelsome or argumentative manner. It implies a strong desire to win or be right in an argument or competition. The form provided is in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΖΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΟΝΕΙΚΕΩ is a compound word derived from ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'loving,' and ΝΕΙΚΟΣ (neikos), meaning 'strife' or 'quarrel.' Thus, it literally means 'loving strife' or 'fond of contention,' reflecting the nature of someone who enjoys or is prone to disputing.

G0661

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-FAH-ee-nayn

Translations: to show forth, to declare, to make known, to reveal, to demonstrate, to prove, to point out, to display

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb φαίνω (phainō, 'to shine, to appear, to show'). It means to show forth, declare, or make known something that was previously hidden or unclear. It can be used to demonstrate or prove a point, or to reveal something publicly.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ͂ΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΊΝΩ, ΔΗΛΌΩ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and φαίνω (phainō, 'to shine, to appear'). The combination suggests making something appear or become visible from a hidden state.

G0314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-gah-ZON-tai

Translations: they are compelled, they are forced, they are constrained

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to compel, force, or constrain someone to do something. It implies a strong necessity or pressure. In this form, it is in the passive voice, indicating that the subjects are being compelled or forced by an external agent.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

Etymology: From ἀνάγκη (anankē, “necessity, compulsion”), from ἀνάγκω (anankō, “to compel”).

G3335

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to partake, to share, to receive, to take a share of, to obtain

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to take a share of' or 'to partake'. It implies receiving or sharing in something, often with others. It can be used in contexts of sharing food, knowledge, or experiences. The infinitive form 'ΜΕΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΙΝ' means 'to partake' or 'to share'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound of two Greek words: μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Thus, it literally means 'to take with' or 'to take a share'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-zo-nos

Translations: more greatly, more, greater, more exceedingly, more importantly

Notes: This word is an adverb, meaning 'more greatly' or 'more exceedingly'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'great' (μέγας). It is used to indicate a higher degree or intensity of an action or quality, similar to how 'more' or 'greater' is used in English. For example, it could describe doing something 'more greatly' or feeling something 'more intensely'.

Inflection: Comparative, Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OO-sees

Translations: of having, of possessing, of holding, of a woman having, of a woman possessing, of a woman holding

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the act of having or possessing. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate a continuous state of possession or holding. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the woman having the book' or 'the land possessing all things'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΗΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΥΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have').

G0646

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-dee-MEE-ah

Translations: journey abroad, travel, absence from one's country, sojourn, a journey abroad, an absence from one's country

Notes: This word refers to a journey away from one's own country or city, or the state of being absent from one's home. It describes the act of traveling abroad or residing in a foreign land.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΙΠΟΡΙΑ, ΠΑΡΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ἀποδημέω (apodēmeō, "to go abroad"), which is formed from ἀπό (apo, "away from") and δῆμος (dēmos, "people, country"). Thus, it literally means "away from one's people/country."

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EP-ip-ton

Translations: were falling upon, kept falling down before, were prostrating themselves, kept prostrating themselves

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros, meaning 'to, toward, in addition to') and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō, meaning 'to fall'). It means to fall upon, fall down before, or prostrate oneself, often in supplication or reverence. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: feh-ROH-rah

Translations: Pheroras

Notes: Pheroras was the name of a historical figure, specifically the youngest brother of Herod the Great. He was a prominent figure in the Herodian dynasty and held significant political and military influence during his brother's reign. As a proper noun, it refers to this specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Pheroras is of Greek origin, likely a Hellenized form of a Semitic name, common for individuals in the region during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G0398

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-nah-FAN-dah

Translations: openly, publicly, clearly, plainly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'openly' or 'publicly'. It describes an action that is done in plain sight, without concealment, and can also imply something that is clearly or plainly evident. It is used to emphasize the visibility or transparency of an action or statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣΙΑ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΦΑΝΔΑ is derived from the verb ἀναφαίνω (anaphainō), meaning 'to show forth' or 'to appear', which itself comes from ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and φαίνω (phainō, 'to shine, to show').

G1223

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-pee-loo-MEH-noh-n

Translations: of those who threaten, of those who menace, of those who warn

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, 'through, thoroughly') and ἀπειλέω (apeileo, 'to threaten'). It means to threaten or menace thoroughly or vehemently. As a participle, it describes someone who is in the act of threatening or menacing. In this form, it is used to refer to 'those who are threatening' or 'those who are menacing'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΛΕΩ, ΦΟΒΕΩ

G0430

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nex-ON-tai

Translations: they will endure, they will bear with, they will tolerate, they will put up with

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to endure, bear with, or tolerate. It describes the act of patiently putting up with something or someone, often despite difficulty or annoyance. It can be used in sentences to indicate that a group of people will not accept or will patiently bear a situation or teaching.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ἈΝΤΕΧΩ

G5099

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: tee-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: having paid, having avenged, having punished, having exacted vengeance

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb ΤΙΝΩ, which means 'to pay', 'to exact payment', or 'to punish'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often translated as 'having paid' or 'having avenged'. In the middle voice, the action is performed by the subject for their own benefit or on themselves, implying 'having exacted vengeance for oneself' or 'having punished someone for oneself'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΛΑΣΑΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb ΤΙΝΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to pay' or 'to honor'. It is related to concepts of value, recompense, and retribution.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-et-EE-the-san

Translations: they were adding, they were putting to, they were joining, they were giving besides

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb προστίθημι (prostithēmi). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were adding to,' 'they were putting to,' or 'they were joining to.' It can also imply giving something in addition to what was already given. It is often used with a dative case to indicate to whom or what something is being added.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΦΕΡΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙΘΟΥΝ

G1887

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pah-NEH-khoi-en

Translations: hold up, hold back, restrain, endure, persist, continue, apply oneself, devote oneself

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prepositions ἐπί (epi, 'upon, over'), ἀνά (ana, 'up, again'), and the verb ἔχω (echō, 'to have, hold'). It means to hold up, hold back, or restrain. In a more figurative sense, it can mean to endure, persist, or apply oneself to something. It describes an action of maintaining a position or a state, or of directing one's attention or effort.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Optative, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΝΤΕΧΩ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G0864

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-fiks-OH-me-noy

Translations: coming, arriving, having come, having arrived

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphikneomai', meaning 'to arrive' or 'to come to'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, describing someone or something that is in the process of or has completed the action of arriving. It is often used to indicate the state or action of a subject in relation to another verb in the sentence.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-eh-PEP-pleek-toh

Translations: was astonished, was amazed, was astounded

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular, imperfect passive indicative form of the verb ἐκπλήσσω (ekplēssō). It describes a state of being greatly astonished, amazed, or astounded, often to the point of being struck out of one's senses. It indicates a strong emotional reaction to something surprising or overwhelming.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, Singular, 3rd Person

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΣΤΑΤΙΚΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΛΗΣΣΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐκπλήσσω (ekplēssō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. Thus, it literally means 'to strike out' or 'to strike out of one's senses'.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ang-GEL-lon

Translations: they were reporting, they were announcing, they were bringing word, they were telling

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apaggellō), meaning to report, announce, or bring word. It is a compound verb formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from' or 'away from') and ἀγγέλλω (aggellō, 'to announce' or 'to tell'). The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. Therefore, it describes an action like 'they were reporting' or 'they used to announce'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G4842

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-fo-RAH

Translations: calamity, a calamity, disaster, a disaster, misfortune, a misfortune, adversity, an adversity

Notes: This word refers to an unfortunate event or situation, such as a calamity, disaster, or misfortune. It is often used to describe a severe setback or a state of adversity. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry', implying something brought together or borne upon one.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΝ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΔΥΣΤΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΟΡΑ is derived from the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It literally means 'that which is brought together' or 'that which happens together', evolving to signify an unfortunate occurrence.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-tah

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, first things, firstly, at first, before

Notes: This word can function as an adjective or an adverb. As an adjective, it means 'first,' 'foremost,' 'chief,' or 'principal,' referring to something that is initial in time, order, or importance. In its neuter plural form, it can refer to 'the first things.' As an adverb, it means 'firstly,' 'at first,' or 'before,' indicating the initial action or position in a sequence.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΝ, ΠΡΩΤΩΣ

G2692

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-loh-gi-ZOH-meh-nos

Translations: reckoning, counting, considering, imputing, a reckoning, a counting, a considering, an imputing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'καταλογίζομαι'. It means to reckon, count, consider, or impute. It is often used to describe the act of attributing something to someone or taking something into account. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by or upon the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'καταλογίζομαι' is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, count, or consider'. The prefix 'κατά' intensifies the action of reckoning or implies a thorough or precise calculation.

G4754

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ster-go-MEH-nays

Translations: cherished, loved, esteemed, contented, a cherished one, a loved one

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'στέργω' (stergo), meaning 'to love dearly,' 'to cherish,' or 'to be content with.' As a participle, it describes someone or something that is being loved, cherished, or held in high esteem. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'the one who is loved' or 'the one who is cherished.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΩΜΕΝΗΣ, ΦΙΛΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eng-GHEE-noh-meh-nas

Translations: being in, arising in, happening in, existing in, occurring in

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being in', 'arising in', 'happening in', or 'existing in'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to be born', or 'to happen'. Thus, it describes something that is coming into being within a certain context or place, or something that is inherent or present.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΑΣ, ΟΥΣΑΣ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑΣ

Etymology: The word ἐγγίνομαι (enginomai) is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to be born', or 'to happen'.

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-RAH-khas

Translations: troubles, disturbances, commotions, agitations, disorders, a trouble, a disturbance

Notes: This word refers to a state of agitation, confusion, or disorder. It describes a disturbance, whether physical, emotional, or social. It is often used in the plural to denote multiple instances of trouble or unrest.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΡΑΧΗ (tarachē) comes from the verb ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ (tarassō), meaning 'to stir up, trouble, disturb'. It describes the result or state of being stirred up.

G4363

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-pep-TOH-ko-tos

Translations: of having fallen upon, of having fallen down before, of having prostrated oneself, of having fallen prostrate, of having fallen at

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'of one who has fallen upon' or 'of one who has prostrated oneself'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is often used to describe someone falling down before another person, typically in an act of reverence, supplication, or submission.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΣΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΗΣΑΝΤΟΣ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHES

Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-stah

Translations: most, very many, very much, a most, the most

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As a superlative, it translates to 'most' or 'very many/much'. It is used to describe the greatest quantity or degree of something. For example, 'πλεῖστα χρήματα' would mean 'most money' or 'very much money'.

Inflection: Superlative, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΜΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G2161

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-too-KHEE-an

Translations: good fortune, prosperity, success, happiness, a good fortune, a prosperity, a success, a happiness

Notes: This word refers to good fortune, prosperity, or success. It describes a state of being fortunate or having things turn out well. It is often used in contexts referring to external circumstances that lead to a favorable outcome.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΠΡΑΓΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΗΜΕΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΤΥΧΙΑ (eutychia) is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΤΥΧΗ (tyche), meaning 'chance', 'fortune', or 'luck'. Thus, it literally means 'good fortune' or 'good luck'.

G1140

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dai-MO-nee-on

Translations: demon, evil spirit, a demon, an evil spirit

Notes: This word refers to a divine being, often a lesser deity or spirit. In the New Testament and later Koine Greek, it predominantly refers to an evil spirit or demon, often associated with causing illness or torment. It is used in sentences to describe the source of affliction or supernatural evil.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from the Greek word δαίμων (daimōn), which originally referred to a divine power, fate, or a god. Over time, its meaning evolved, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, to denote an evil spirit.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ET-ith-ay

Translations: was adding, used to add, kept adding, was putting to, was giving in addition, was continuing

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, place'). It means 'to add to', 'to put to', 'to give in addition', or 'to continue'. The form ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙΘΕΙ is an imperfect active indicative, third person singular, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as 'he/she/it was adding' or 'he/she/it used to add'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound verb derived from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put, place, set'. The combination signifies placing something in addition to or toward something else.

G3176

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-tah

Translations: greatest, very great, most great, greatest ones, very great ones, most great ones

Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'great', meaning 'greatest' or 'very great'. It is used to describe something or someone as being the utmost in size, importance, or degree. In the provided examples, it refers to 'great ones' or 'nobles', indicating people of high status or power.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas) comes from Proto-Indo-European *meǵ- meaning 'great'. The superlative form ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ (megistos) is derived from this root.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: OY-koy

Translations: houses, homes, (to) houses, (to) homes, at home, in the house, in the home

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', 'home', or 'household'. As a noun, 'οἶκοι' can be the nominative plural (meaning 'houses' or 'homes') or the dative plural (meaning 'to houses' or 'to homes'). It can also function adverbially as a locative, meaning 'at home' or 'in the house/home'. It refers to a dwelling place, a family unit, or even a temple.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative; or Locative (adverbial)

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΔΩΜΑ

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G4328

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-do-KO-me-na

Translations: things expected, things looked for, things awaited, things hoped for

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ' (prosdokao), meaning 'to expect' or 'to look for'. As a neuter plural perfect passive participle, it refers to 'things that have been expected' or 'things that are looked for'. It describes something that is anticipated or awaited.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Perfect, Passive, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΖΟΜΕΝΑ, ΑΝΑΜΕΝΟΜΕΝΑ

G1426

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dys-TY-khein

Translations: to be unfortunate, to be unhappy, to be in distress, to suffer misfortune

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΔΥΣΤΥΧΕΩ (dystykheō). It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'ill', and ΤΥΧΕΩ (tykheō), meaning 'to be fortunate' or 'to happen'. Therefore, it literally means 'to be ill-fortuned' or 'to have bad luck'. It is used to describe a state of being unfortunate, unhappy, or in distress, often due to circumstances beyond one's control. It can be used in sentences where one might say 'to suffer misfortune' or 'to be in a bad state'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BAH-ee-nen

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it resulted, it turned out, it befell

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (to go). It means 'to go together with' or 'to come together', and by extension, 'to happen', 'to occur', or 'to turn out'. It describes an event or outcome that takes place, often implying a natural or logical consequence. It is frequently used impersonally, as in 'it happened that...' or 'it came to pass that...'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Its meaning evolved from 'to go together' to 'to come to pass' or 'to happen'.

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pro-ee-ON-tos

Translations: (of) going forward, (of) going on, (of) advancing, (of) proceeding

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine/neuter form of the present participle of the verb 'προέρχομαι' (proerchomai), meaning 'to go forward' or 'to advance'. It describes something that is in the process of moving forward or progressing. In a sentence, it often functions adjectivally or substantively, indicating the subject of the action 'going forward' in a genitive construction, such as 'of the one going forward' or 'as it goes forward'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-EE-thay

Translations: he was thought, it was thought, he supposed, it was supposed, he believed, it was believed

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb οἴομαι (oiomai), meaning 'to think, suppose, or believe'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of thinking or supposing. For example, 'he was thought' or 'it was supposed'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: par-EKH-on-tos

Translations: (of) providing, (of) supplying, (of) granting, (of) offering, (of) presenting, (of) causing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō), meaning 'to provide, supply, grant, or offer'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb of the sentence. In this genitive form, it often indicates the one who is providing or the source of something being provided.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside, from', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have, hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold out beside' or 'to offer from oneself', leading to the sense of providing or supplying.

G0293

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: am-FEE-ris-ton

Translations: disputed, debatable, doubtful, a disputed thing, a debatable thing

Notes: This word describes something that is disputed, debatable, or doubtful. It refers to a matter or subject about which there is disagreement or uncertainty, indicating that it is open to argument or discussion rather than being a settled fact.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΒΟΛΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἀμφί (amphi), meaning 'around' or 'on both sides', and ἐρίζω (erizō), meaning 'to contend' or 'to dispute'. Thus, it literally means 'disputed on both sides'.

G5236

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-bo-LAYN

Translations: excess, abundance, surpassing, preeminence, exceedingly, beyond measure

Notes: This word refers to an excess, an abundance, or something that goes beyond the usual measure. It is often used to describe something that is outstanding, preeminent, or exceedingly great. In context, it can function adverbially to mean 'exceedingly' or 'beyond measure'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and 'βολή' (bole), meaning 'a throwing' or 'a cast'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΗ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: DEH-on

Translations: it is necessary, what is necessary, what is proper, things needed, necessities, a necessity

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to need'. In its neuter singular form (δέον), it functions as an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'it is proper'. When used substantively, it refers to 'that which is necessary' or 'what is proper'. In its neuter plural form (δέοντα), it means 'things needed' or 'necessities'. It describes what is required by duty, custom, or circumstance.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ, ΠΡΕΠΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₁- 'to bind'. In Koine Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' or 'to be necessary' alongside its original meaning of 'to bind'.

G0236

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: al-lak-SAS-thai

Translations: to exchange, to change, to alter, to barter, to trade

Notes: This word means to exchange or change something for something else. It implies a reciprocal action, often involving a transaction or a transformation. It can be used in contexts where one thing is given up in favor of another, or where something undergoes an alteration.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΜΕΙΒΩ

Etymology: From ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change, alter, exchange'. It is derived from ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-KOHN

Translations: (of) bad things, (of) evils, (of) calamities, (of) troubles

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ', meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. When used substantively, as it often is in the genitive plural, it refers to 'evils', 'calamities', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are harmful, morally corrupt, or cause distress. It can be used to describe the source or nature of something negative.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It is related to words signifying 'to hurt' or 'to wound'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEG-eh-thos

Translations: greatness, magnitude, size, a greatness, a magnitude, a size

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being great in size, extent, or importance. It can describe physical dimensions, as in the size of an object, or abstract concepts like the greatness of a person or an event. It is typically used to denote a significant scale or degree.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word "ΜΕΓΕΘΟΣ" comes from the adjective "μέγας" (megas), meaning "great" or "large." It is formed with the suffix "-θος" which is used to create nouns denoting a quality or state.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3625

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-ooce

Translations: one's own, a relative, a member of one's household, a kinsman, a kinswoman, a domestic, a household member

Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to one's own household or family. It can refer to relatives, family members, or those who are part of one's domestic circle. It is often used to emphasize a close, personal connection, similar to 'one's own people' or 'those of one's own house'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΙΚΙΑΚΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: From οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The suffix -ειος indicates belonging or relation.

G4875

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-fo-RON

Translations: of misfortunes, of calamities, of disasters, of events, of circumstances

Notes: This word refers to an event, circumstance, or occurrence, often with a negative connotation, implying misfortune, calamity, or disaster. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φορά' (a bringing, a bearing). It describes something that is brought together or happens concurrently, leading to a particular outcome, frequently an unfortunate one. It is used to describe a series of unfortunate events or a state of distress.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΑΤΥΧΗΜΑ

G2296

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: thav-mah-ZOH-meh-nah

Translations: being marveled at, being wondered at, being amazed at, things to be marveled at, wonderful things, amazing things

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being marveled at' or 'being wondered at'. It describes something that is the object of wonder or amazement. When used as a substantive, it can refer to 'wonderful things' or 'amazing things'. It is often used to describe events or actions that evoke a strong sense of awe or surprise.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΟΜΕΝΑ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΑ

G2932

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kek-TEES-thai

Translations: to have acquired, to possess, to own, to get, to obtain

Notes: This is the perfect infinitive form of the verb 'κτάομαι' (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire' or 'to get'. As a perfect infinitive, it emphasizes the state of having acquired something, or the result of an action, rather than the action itself. It can be translated as 'to have acquired' or 'to possess'. It is often used in contexts where someone is described as having obtained or owning something.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G1222

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-KEE-meh-nos

Translations: being disposed, being in a certain state, being affected, being situated, being

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'διακείμαι' (diakeimai). It describes someone or something that is in a particular state, condition, or disposition. It often implies an emotional or mental state, such as 'being well-disposed' or 'being ill-disposed' towards someone or something. It can also refer to a physical state or situation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G2506

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ka-thai-RE-sei

Translations: destruction, pulling down, demolition, overthrow, (for) destruction, (for) pulling down, (for) demolition, (for) overthrow

Notes: This word refers to the act of pulling down, demolishing, or overthrowing something. It can be used in a literal sense, such as the destruction of buildings, or in a figurative sense, like the overthrow of arguments or strongholds. It implies a forceful removal or bringing down.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΟΠΗ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ron

Translations: another, other, different, a different thing, an other thing

Notes: This word means 'another' or 'other', emphasizing a difference in kind or quality from something else. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has been previously mentioned or implied. For example, it might be used to say 'another person' or 'a different kind of thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'. It is related to the English word 'other'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-non

Translations: having become, having happened, having been, having been born, that which has come into being, a thing that has happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to 'that which has come into being' or 'a thing that has happened'. It implies a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G2397

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ee-dee-oh-TEV-on-tee

Translations: being a private person, being unlearned, being unskilled, being an ordinary person, being a layman, to be a private person, to be unlearned, to be unskilled, to be an ordinary person, to be a layman

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being a private person' or 'being unlearned/unskilled'. It describes someone who is not in public office, not a professional, or lacks specialized knowledge or training. It can be used to describe someone who is a layman, an ordinary citizen, or someone who is uneducated or unskillful in a particular area.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΟΣ, ΑΜΑΘΗΣ, ΑΤΕΧΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb ἸΔΙΩΤΕΥΩ (idioteuō) is derived from the noun ἸΔΙΩΤΗΣ (idiōtēs), meaning 'a private person, layman, unlearned person'. This noun comes from ἴδιος (idios), meaning 'one's own, private'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AY-geh-toh

Translations: was brought to, was led to, was offered, was presented

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'προσάγω' (prosago). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it can mean 'to bring oneself to' or 'to approach'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be brought to', 'to be led to', or 'to be offered/presented'. It often implies movement towards someone or something, or the act of presenting something to someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay

Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KAH-lay-toh

Translations: was called, used to be called, he was called, she was called, it was called

Notes: This is the third person singular, imperfect indicative form of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. In this form, it translates to 'was called' or 'used to be called', indicating an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It can be used to describe someone or something being named or referred to by a particular title.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Passive or Middle Voice

Etymology: The word 'καλέω' (kaleō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁-, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin calo ('to call out') and English 'hail'.

G0493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tros

Translations: Antipas, Antipater

Notes: This is a masculine proper noun, referring to a personal name. It was a common name in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, borne by several historical figures, including a son of Herod the Great (Herod Antipas). It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Greek origin, meaning 'like the father' or 'instead of the father'. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

G5302

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-STEH-roh

Translations: to be last, to be behind, to be inferior, to lack, to fall short, to come short, to be wanting, to be destitute, to suffer need

Notes: This verb means to be last, to be behind, or to be inferior. It can also mean to lack something, to fall short of a goal or standard, or to be in need. It is often used to describe a deficiency or a state of being wanting in some respect.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ, ΕΝΔΕΩ

Etymology: From ὕστερος (hysteros), meaning 'later, behind, inferior'.

G5056

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-ohs

Translations: complete, perfect, finished, fully, perfectly, completely, mature, adult

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'complete' or 'perfect', describing something that has reached its intended end or full development. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'completely' or 'perfectly', indicating that an action is done to its full extent or without flaw. As an adjective, it can describe a person who is mature or fully grown. As an adverb, it describes the manner in which something is done.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (Adjective); Does not inflect (Adverb)

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΑΡΤΙΟΣ

Etymology: From τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'. The suffix -ως forms adverbs, and -ος forms adjectives, indicating a state of being at the end or completion.

G2274

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: het-tay-THEYS

Translations: having been defeated, having been overcome, having been vanquished, having been worsted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hettaomai', meaning 'to be defeated' or 'to be overcome'. It describes someone or something that has experienced defeat or has been conquered. It is often used to indicate the state or condition of a subject after a battle, contest, or struggle, implying a passive experience of being overcome by an opposing force or influence.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗΘΕΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΒΛΗΘΕΙΣ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G0399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-FEH-ron

Translations: offering up, bringing up, leading up, bearing up, carrying up, ascending

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'ana' (up) and 'phero' (to bear, carry, bring). It describes the action of bringing something up, often in the context of offering sacrifices or ascending to a higher place. It can also mean to refer or attribute something to someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩΝ, ἈΝΕΝΕΓΚΩΝ, ἈΝΑΒΑΙΝΩΝ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: OY-oh-MEH-nos

Translations: thinking, supposing, imagining, believing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to think' or 'to suppose'. It describes someone who is currently thinking, supposing, or imagining something. It is often used to indicate a person's belief or opinion about a situation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟἼΟΜΑΙ (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.

G2300

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thra-SOOS

Translations: of boldness, of audacity, of insolence, of recklessness, of confidence

Notes: This word refers to a quality of being bold, audacious, or even insolent. It can describe a confident and daring attitude, but also a negative sense of recklessness or impudence. It is used to describe actions or a state of mind characterized by a lack of fear or restraint.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΘΡΑΣΟΣ (thrasos) comes from the Greek verb θρασύνω (thrasynō), meaning 'to make bold' or 'to encourage'. It is related to θρασύς (thrasys), meaning 'bold' or 'courageous'.

G3137

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-ree-AM-mees

Translations: of Mary, of Mariamme

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper name Mariamme or Mary. It refers to a specific person named Mary or Mariamme, indicating possession or origin, similar to 'of Mary' in English. It is often used to denote a relationship, such as 'the children of Mariamme' or 'the love of Mariamme'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name Mariam (or Maria) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Miryam (מִרְיָם). It is a very common name in the New Testament and ancient Jewish and Christian texts.

G3559

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: noo-the-SEE-an

Translations: admonition, a warning, instruction, a correction, counsel

Notes: This word refers to the act of admonishing, warning, or instructing someone, often with the aim of correcting their behavior or guiding them. It implies a gentle but firm form of counsel or discipline, intended for improvement. It is a compound word derived from νοῦς (nous, "mind") and θέσις (thesis, "a placing"), literally meaning "a placing in the mind" or "a putting in mind."

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ

G3621

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oy-ko-no-MOHN

Translations: managing, administering, stewarding, being a steward, arranging, regulating, dispensing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'οἰκονομέω' (oikonomeō), meaning 'to manage a household' or 'to be a steward'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in managing, administering, or arranging something. It can refer to a person who is a steward, manager, or administrator, or the act of managing or dispensing. In a sentence, it would function like an adjective or adverb, describing the action of the subject.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular; or Masculine/Neuter, Genitive Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΕΥΩΝ, ΔΙΟΙΚΩΝ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G0829

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ow-THA-des

Translations: self-willed, headstrong, stubborn, arrogant, obstinate, a self-willed person, a headstrong person

Notes: This word describes someone who is self-willed, stubborn, or obstinate, often in a negative sense, implying arrogance or a refusal to be persuaded. It can be used to characterize a person's disposition or actions. In the provided form, it is a neuter singular adjective, often used substantively to refer to the quality itself or a person exhibiting it.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΥ̓ΘΑΔΕΙΑ, ἈΝΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΡΑΧΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of αὐτός (autos, 'self') and ἁδεῖν (hadein, 'to please'), meaning 'self-pleasing' or 'pleasing oneself'. It describes someone who acts according to their own will, without regard for others.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pice-THAY-en

Translations: they might be persuaded, they might obey, they might trust

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō), which means 'to persuade,' 'to obey,' or 'to trust.' In the passive voice, it means 'to be persuaded' or 'to be convinced.' This specific form, ΠΕΙΣΘΕΙΕΝ, indicates a potential or hypothetical action in the past, meaning 'they might have been persuaded' or 'they might be persuaded.' It is often used in contexts expressing a wish, possibility, or condition.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ

G3361, G3366

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MAYD

Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.

G318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAYS

Translations: of necessity, of distress, of compulsion, of trouble, of constraint

Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation or a difficult situation. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of necessity' or 'of distress', showing that something belongs to or arises from a state of necessity or trouble.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΩΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑΣ, ΠΙΕΣΕΩΣ

G1243

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-do-KHEE

Translations: succession, a succession, successor, a successor

Notes: This word refers to a succession, especially in the sense of one person or thing following another in order, office, or position. It can also refer to the person who succeeds, a successor. It is often used in contexts of leadership or inheritance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΟΧΟΣ, ΔΙΑΔΟΧΗ

Etymology: From the verb διαδέχομαι (diadechomai), meaning 'to receive in turn' or 'to succeed'. It is formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive'.

G1352

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EH-feh-dron

Translations: reserved, in reserve, a reserve, a substitute, a rival, an opponent

Notes: This word describes something or someone held in reserve, ready to be called upon, or acting as a substitute. It can also refer to a rival or opponent, someone who is 'waiting in the wings' to challenge. It is a compound word, formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the noun ἕδρα (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'place'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΠΑΛΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΣ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G0494

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tron

Translations: Antipater

Notes: Antipater is a Greek proper name, meaning 'instead of the father' or 'like the father'. It refers to several historical figures, most notably Antipater the Idumaean, father of Herod the Great, and Antipater of Thessalonica, a Greek poet. In the provided context, it refers to a specific individual named Antipater.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The name Antipater is derived from the Greek words 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

G1521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-AY-gen

Translations: he was leading in, he was bringing in, he was introducing, he was bringing forward

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'eisagō', meaning 'to lead in' or 'to bring in'. It is a compound word formed from 'eis' (into) and 'agō' (to lead). It describes an action of bringing someone or something into a place, or introducing a person or topic. In this form, it indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΦΕΡΩ, ΕἸΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G4306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-no-EIN

Translations: to provide for, to take thought for, to foresee, to care for

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning "to perceive," "to think," or "to understand." Together, it means to think or perceive beforehand, thus to make provision for, to take thought for, or to care for something or someone. It implies a proactive concern or foresight.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρό (pro, "before") and νοέω (noeo, "to perceive, to think"). It literally means "to think beforehand" or "to perceive in advance."

G2687

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-stah-LEN-tohn

Translations: of those who have been quieted, of those who have been restrained, when they had been quieted, when they had been restrained

Notes: This word is the genitive plural aorist passive participle of the verb καταστέλλω (katastellō). It means 'to quiet down, to restrain, to settle'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating a temporal relationship (e.g., 'when they had been quieted'). It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down') and στέλλω (stellō, 'to arrange, to send').

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἩΣΥΧΑΖΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΟΙΜΩΜΕΝΩΝ

G1832

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EYE-nye

Translations: to be lawful, to be permitted, to be possible

Notes: This is an impersonal verb, meaning 'it is lawful,' 'it is permitted,' or 'it is possible.' It is often used with an infinitive to express what one is allowed or able to do, or with a dative case to indicate for whom something is permissible. For example, 'it is lawful for him to go' or 'it is permitted to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔξεστι (exesti), a compound of ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ἔστι (esti, 'it is'). It literally means 'it is out' or 'it is possible to go out', hence 'it is permitted'.

G2119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-KAI-ross

Translations: opportunely, seasonably, conveniently, in due season, at the right time

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'at the right time' or 'opportunely'. It describes an action that is done at a favorable or suitable moment, indicating good timing or convenience. For example, one might do something 'opportunely' if the circumstances are just right.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΩΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΙΡΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΕΥΚΑΙΡΟΣ (eukairos), meaning 'timely' or 'opportune'. This adjective is a compound of ΕΥ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΚΑΙΡΟΣ (kairos), meaning 'time' or 'season'.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: BEL-tee-oh-sin

Translations: to better, for better, to more excellent, for more excellent

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the comparative adjective 'better' or 'more excellent'. It describes something that is superior in quality, virtue, or advantage. It is used to indicate the recipients or beneficiaries of an action, or the means by which something is done, in relation to things that are 'better' or 'more excellent'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΚΡΕΙΤΤΟΣ, ΑΜΕΙΝΩΝ

Etymology: The root word, ἀγαθός (agathos), meaning 'good', is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. The comparative form βελτίων (beltiōn) is a suppletive comparative of ἀγαθός, meaning 'better'.

G3539

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NO-eh-sen

Translations: he understood, she understood, it understood, he perceived, she perceived, it perceived, he considered, she considered, it considered, he thought, she thought, it thought

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to understand, perceive, consider, or think. It refers to the act of grasping something mentally or forming a concept. In this specific form, it indicates that a third person (he, she, or it) performed this action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word νοέω (noeo) comes from the Greek word νόος (noos), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It signifies the action of the mind.

G0576

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-BEE

Translations: it turned out, it resulted, it happened, it came to pass

Notes: This word describes an outcome or result, indicating that something turned out or happened in a particular way. It is often used to describe the conclusion of events or actions. For example, 'the plan turned out well' or 'it resulted in peace'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποβαίνω (apobainō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go away from' or 'to step off', which evolved to mean 'to turn out' or 'to result'.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-KHREES-thai

Translations: to have used, to have employed, to have made use of, to have dealt with

Notes: This is the perfect middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a perfect infinitive, it indicates a completed action or a state resulting from a past action. It often takes an object in the dative case, meaning 'to use something' or 'to deal with someone/something'.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ, ΧΡΗΣΑΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb χράομαι (chraomai) comes from the root χρα- which is related to the idea of 'needing' or 'desiring', and thus 'using' or 'dealing with'.

G1900

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ay-REH-yah

Translations: insult, abuse, despiteful treatment, a despiteful act, a malicious act

Notes: This word refers to malicious or despiteful treatment, often involving insult, abuse, or slander. It describes an act or attitude of hostility and contempt, usually directed at someone with the intent to harm or humiliate them. It can be used to describe the act of slandering someone or treating them with contempt.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπι- (epi-, 'upon, over') and ἀείρω (aeirō, 'to lift, raise'), suggesting a 'lifting up against' or 'assaulting'.

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-ee-nos

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty, powerful, clever, skillful, a terrible, a dreadful

Notes: This adjective describes something as terrible, dreadful, or fearful, often implying a sense of awe or danger. It can also mean mighty or powerful, indicating great strength or influence. In some contexts, it can even refer to someone who is clever or skillful, particularly in a way that is impressive or formidable. It is used to qualify nouns, describing their nature or quality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to fear' or 'to dread'. It is related to words expressing terror or power.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: el-PEE-dos

Translations: of hope, of a hope

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'hope'. It refers to an expectation, a confident anticipation, or a trust in something. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of an action, hence 'of hope' or 'belonging to hope'. It is commonly used to express the concept of having or lacking hope.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'Ἐλπίς' (elpis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hope, to expect'. It is related to the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'.

G0477

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-te-poy-AY-sa-to

Translations: claimed in return, laid claim to, contended for, strove for

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return', and 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It signifies the act of claiming something in return, laying claim to something, or contending for a right or possession. It describes an action where one asserts a claim or strives to obtain something, often in opposition or response to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΕΩ, ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ

G3392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-AH-n

Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain

Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-khen

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he held, she held, it held, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe someone holding or keeping something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.

G2556

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ka-KOO

Translations: (of) evil, (of) harm, (of) bad, (of) wickedness, (of) trouble, (of) misfortune

Notes: This word refers to something that is bad, evil, or harmful. As a noun, it can mean evil, harm, or trouble. As an adjective, it describes something as bad or wicked. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, often after the preposition 'ἀπὸ' (from), indicating 'from evil' or 'from harm'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.

G3910

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-kho-REH-in

Translations: to give way, to yield, to concede, to grant, to allow, to withdraw, to retire

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'. Together, it means to make room alongside, hence to give way, yield, or concede. It is used to describe the act of stepping aside, allowing something to happen, or granting permission or authority to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΚΩ, ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb παραχωρέω (parachōreō) is derived from the prefix παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-es-thai

Translations: to hold, to have, to possess, to cling to, to hold fast to, to be near, to be next

Notes: This is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō). It generally means 'to hold' or 'to have'. In the middle voice, it can convey the sense of 'to hold oneself to' or 'to cling to', often implying a strong adherence or close proximity to something or someone. It can also mean 'to be near' or 'to be next to' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present Tense, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G0243

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-lloh-tree-OH-meh-noo

Translations: of one estranged, of one alienated, of one made a stranger, of one separated

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been estranged' or 'having been alienated'. It describes someone who has been separated from a relationship or a group, or made a stranger to something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, often describing the state of a person or thing.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΠΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΩ, ΞΕΝΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἀλλοτριόω (allotrioo) comes from the Greek word ἀλλότριος (allotrios), meaning 'belonging to another', 'foreign', or 'alien'. This in turn is derived from ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'.

G2143

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: YOO-meh-tah-kheh-REE-stoo

Translations: of easy to handle, of manageable, of tractable

Notes: This word describes something that is easy to handle, manage, or control. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (well, good), 'μετά' (with, among), and 'χείρ' (hand), literally meaning 'well-handled' or 'easy to put one's hand to'. It can be used to describe a person, an object, or a situation that is not difficult to deal with.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΧΕΙΡΗΣ, ΕΥ̓ΚΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of εὖ (eu, 'well'), μετά (meta, 'with, among'), and a derivative of χείρ (cheir, 'hand'). It literally means 'well-handed' or 'easy to handle'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tos

Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one

Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-per

Translations: the very thing which, which, whatsoever, as, just as

Notes: ΟΠΕΡ is an intensive relative pronoun, meaning 'the very thing which' or 'whatsoever'. It is used to emphasize the preceding noun or idea, often functioning as a stronger form of 'which' or 'what'. It can introduce a clause that specifies or elaborates on something already mentioned, or it can indicate a cause or reason.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: Ο, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

Etymology: ΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'who, which, what', and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis or intensity, often translated as 'just, even, indeed'.

G4704

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-poo-DAH-kay

Translations: had been eager, had been diligent, had been earnest, had made haste, had striven

Notes: This is a verb in the pluperfect active indicative, third person singular. It describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action. The root verb means to be eager, to make haste, to be diligent, or to strive. Thus, ἘΣΠΟΥΔΑΚΕΙ indicates that someone had previously been eager, diligent, or had striven for something.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΦΙΛΟΤΙΜΕΟΜΑΙ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-leh-POH-teh-ron

Translations: more difficult, more severe, more grievous, more dangerous, a more difficult thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'difficult' or 'hard'. It means 'more difficult', 'more severe', 'more grievous', or 'more dangerous'. It is used to describe something that is harder or worse than something else, often implying a greater degree of trouble, danger, or harshness.

Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΒΑΡΥΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ (chalepos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to χαλός (chalos), meaning 'loose' or 'slack', implying something that is not easy or loose, but rather tight and difficult.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G1225

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-vev-LEE-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those who have been slandered, (to) those who have been accused, (to) those who have been calumniated

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been slandered' or 'having been accused'. It describes someone who has been subjected to slander or false accusation. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can act as a noun itself, referring to the people who have undergone the action.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΣΥΚΟΦΑΝΤΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MO-noo

Translations: of alone, of only, of single, of solitary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone,' 'only,' 'single,' or 'solitary.' It describes something that is by itself or unique. As a genitive singular form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'from' something singular and unique.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *mon- meaning 'to remain, to stand still'. It is related to the idea of being singular or standing alone.

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAT-toh-meh-noo

Translations: being guarded, being kept, being preserved, being observed, of being guarded, of being kept, of being preserved, of being observed

Notes: This is the genitive singular masculine, neuter, or feminine form of the present passive participle of the verb 'phylassō'. It describes something that is in the process of being guarded, kept, or preserved. It can also refer to something that is being observed or obeyed, such as a law or command. In a sentence, it would function adjectivally or substantively, often indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter or Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΦΡΟΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ

G2674

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-may-NOO-ayn

Translations: to report, to disclose, to reveal, to inform against, to betray

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb μηνύω (mēnyō, meaning 'to disclose' or 'to make known'). It means to report something, often with the implication of revealing information, disclosing a secret, or informing against someone. It can be used in contexts where one brings a matter to light, whether for good or ill.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΩ

G0464

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-noo-POP-toys

Translations: to unsuspecting ones, to those unnoticed, to those unobserved, to those unsuspected

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning "unsuspecting," "unnoticed," or "unobserved." It describes someone or something that is not suspected or that goes without being seen or noticed. It can be used to describe people who are unaware of danger or deception, or things that are hidden from view.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΦΑΝΕΙΣ, ἈΘΕΑΤΟΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning "not" or "un-", and the word ὑπόπτος (hypoptos), meaning "suspected" or "under suspicion". Thus, it literally means "not suspected" or "unsuspected."

G4100

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pis-teh-thee-SOH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those who will be believed, (to) those who are to be entrusted, (to) those who will be trusted

Notes: This word is a future passive participle derived from the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a future passive participle, it refers to 'those who are to be believed' or 'those who will be entrusted/trusted'. It indicates an action that will be done to the subject in the future, specifically that they will be the recipients of belief or trust. It functions adjectivally or substantively in a sentence, often indicating the recipients of an action.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΕΣ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-GOH-nay-san

Translations: had become, had been, had happened, had arisen, had come to pass

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ginomai', which means 'to become', 'to be', or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past before another past action. It describes a state or event that had already come into existence or occurred.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'ginomai' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey notions of birth, origin, or becoming.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-non

Translations: and that one, and him, also that one, also him, even that one, even him

Notes: This word is a contraction (a crasis) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνον' (ekeinon). It means 'and that one' or 'and him', or 'also that one'/'also him', or 'even that one'/'even him', depending on the context. It is used to connect a previous statement or person with 'that one' or 'him'.

Inflection: Contraction of 'καὶ' and 'ἐκεῖνον' (Accusative, Singular, Masculine, Demonstrative Pronoun)

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G1679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ayl-PI-kay

Translations: he had hoped, she had hoped, it had hoped, he had expected, she had expected, it had expected

Notes: This word is a verb indicating a past action of hoping or expecting. It describes a state where someone had previously placed their hope or expectation in something. It is typically used to describe a completed action in the past that had ongoing relevance or consequences.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From ἐλπίς (elpis, "hope"). The word is related to the concept of expectation and trust.

G2323

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: theh-rah-PEH-oo-on-tes

Translations: healing, serving, worshiping, attending, curing, those who heal, those who serve, those who worship, those who attend, those who cure

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'therapeuō'. It describes an ongoing action of healing, serving, or attending to someone or something. It can refer to individuals who are performing these actions, such as 'those who heal' or 'those who serve'. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, encompassing physical healing, respectful service, or even religious worship.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΑΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'therapeuō' comes from 'therapōn', meaning 'attendant' or 'servant'. It originally referred to the act of serving or taking care of someone, which later extended to include healing and worship.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G4866

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: soon-ah-goh-nee-ZOH-meh-nohn

Translations: contending with, struggling together with, helping in the struggle, joining in the struggle

Notes: This word is a compound verb, meaning to contend or struggle together with someone, or to help someone in their struggle. It implies a shared effort or a joint participation in a conflict or endeavor. It is used to describe individuals who are actively involved in a common cause or fight alongside others.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Middle/Passive Voice, Present Tense

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΠΟΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-GHEE-non-toh

Translations: they were added, they were joining, they were accruing, they were coming to, they were attaching themselves

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be born'. Together, it means 'to come to', 'to be added to', 'to accrue', or 'to join oneself to'. It describes a continuous or repeated action in the past where people or things were being added or joining a group or situation.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΑΟΜΑΙ

G4178

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LAK-is

Translations: often, many times, frequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'often' or 'frequently'. It is used to indicate that an action or event occurs on numerous occasions. For example, one might say 'he often visits' or 'it frequently happens'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΧΝΩΣ, ΠΟΛΛΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΛΛΑΚΙΣ' is derived from the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', combined with the adverbial suffix '-κις' (-kis), which denotes 'times' or 'on occasions'.

G1952

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-AY-ree-ah

Translations: insult, injury, abuse, despiteful treatment, a despiteful treatment

Notes: This word refers to an act of insult, injury, or malicious treatment, often implying a deliberate intention to harm or humiliate. It describes actions that are done out of spite or contempt, such as verbal abuse or physical harm.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἐπηρεάζω (epēreazō), meaning 'to insult, treat despitefully,' which is formed from ἐπί (epi, 'upon') and ἀρά (ara, 'prayer, curse'). It originally referred to the act of bringing a curse upon someone, evolving to mean malicious or injurious treatment.

G0818

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-tee-MAH-zon-toh

Translations: they were dishonored, they were treated shamefully, they were insulted

Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect passive indicative, third person plural. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past where the subjects were the recipients of the action. It means to be dishonored, to be treated shamefully, or to be insulted. It implies a state of being held in low esteem or being subjected to contempt.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΟΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΤΙΜΑΖΩ (atimazo) comes from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and τιμάω (timao), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. Thus, it literally means 'to treat without honor' or 'to dishonor'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-KLEH-sis

Translations: recall, a recall, calling back, a calling back, invitation, an invitation

Notes: This word refers to the act of calling someone back, a recall, or an invitation. It implies a summons or a request for someone to return or to come to a specific place or event. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana, meaning 'up' or 'back') and 'κλῆσις' (klēsis, meaning 'a calling' or 'summons').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΛΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΚΛΗΣΙΣ is derived from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the noun κλῆσις (klēsis), meaning 'a calling' or 'summons'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G1651

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LENG-khein

Translations: to convict, to reprove, to rebuke, to expose, to correct, to show to be guilty, to bring to light

Notes: This word means to bring to light, to expose, or to prove someone guilty. It often implies a process of examination or scrutiny that leads to a clear demonstration of truth or error. It can be used in the sense of rebuking or correcting someone by showing them their fault.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΕΞΕΛΕΓΧΩ

Etymology: The word comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to disgrace, to put to shame, to convict'.

G2038

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-TAY-deoo-on

Translations: they practiced, they pursued, they engaged in, they devoted themselves to, they made a practice of

Notes: This word describes the act of practicing, pursuing, or engaging in something, often with diligence or as a regular habit. It implies a deliberate and sustained effort towards a particular activity, study, or way of life. It can be used to describe people who devoted themselves to certain customs, professions, or behaviors.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΧΡΑΟΜΑΙ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tah

Translations: all, every, the whole, all things, everything

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It can refer to a complete group or quantity. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'all people' or 'all time'. When used in the neuter plural, it can be translated as 'all things' or 'everything'.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound word formed from the prefix Α- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'completely', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G2540, G5442

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kahee-roh-fy-lah-koo-MEH-nah

Translations: watched for the opportune time, observed for the right moment, kept under observation for the proper season

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'καιρός' (opportune time, season) and 'φυλάσσω' (to guard, watch, observe). The word describes something or someone that is being watched or observed with a specific focus on finding the right or opportune moment for action. It implies a careful and strategic waiting for the most favorable time.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΟΥΜΕΝΑ, ΕΠΙΤΗΡΟΥΜΕΝΑ

G1804

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ang-GEL-loh-men-ah

Translations: things being proclaimed, things being declared, things being announced, things being reported

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being proclaimed' or 'being declared'. It describes something that is in the process of being announced or made known publicly. It can function adjectivally to modify a noun, or substantively to refer to 'those things which are being proclaimed'.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΟΜΕΝΑ, ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΕΝΑ, ΔΗΛΟΥΜΕΝΑ

G4260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proo-BAH-ee-nen

Translations: went forward, advanced, proceeded, went on, progressed, grew, advanced in age

Notes: This word describes the action of moving forward, advancing, or progressing. It can refer to physical movement, but also to advancement in time, age, or a process. For example, it can mean 'to go on' or 'to grow older'. It is often used to indicate a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΡΟΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word προβαίνω (probainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G0533

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-per-GAH-zoh-meh-nah

Translations: working out, accomplishing, performing, producing, bringing about, those working out, those accomplishing, those performing, those producing, those bringing about

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ἀπεργάζομαι (apergazomai). It describes an action that is being worked out, accomplished, performed, or produced. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject performing the action for themselves or on themselves. In the passive voice, it indicates the subject is receiving the action. It is often used to describe the result or outcome of an action.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπεργάζομαι (apergazomai) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἐργάζομαι (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to labor'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the action of working, implying completion or bringing something to a conclusion.

G916

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: akh-THOH-meh-nos

Translations: being grieved, being distressed, being burdened, being annoyed, being vexed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be grieved' or 'to be burdened'. It describes someone who is experiencing a state of distress, annoyance, or being weighed down by something. It is often used to indicate the reason or circumstance for an action, showing that the subject is acting out of a feeling of grief or burden.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΒΑΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΧΘΟΜΑΙ (achthomai) is derived from the noun ἄχθος (achthos), meaning 'a burden' or 'a weight'. It describes the feeling of being burdened or weighed down.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G5013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tah-peh-noh-SAI

Translations: to humble, to abase, to bring low, to make low, to humiliate

Notes: This word means to humble, abase, or bring low. It can refer to humbling oneself, or to someone else being humbled or brought low, often in terms of status, pride, or power. It is used to describe the act of reducing someone or something to a lower state or position.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ, ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΩ (tapeinoō) is derived from the adjective ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΣ (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly', 'humble', or 'abased'. The verb form means to make something or someone 'tapeinos'.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EI-khen

Translations: was providing, was supplying, was offering, was giving, was presenting

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was providing' or 'he/she/it was supplying'. It can be used to describe someone continuously giving or offering something.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, they convey the sense of holding out or presenting something.

G1925

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-py-see-SAH-gah-geh

Translations: brought in besides, introduced additionally, brought in besides, introduced additionally

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prepositions ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon' or 'besides') and ΕΙΣ (eis, 'into'), and the verb ἈΓΩ (agō, 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It means to bring in something in addition to what is already there, or to introduce something new into an existing situation. It implies an action of bringing something in from the outside, often with the nuance of adding it to something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: grah-FOHN

Translations: writing, drawing, recording, one who writes, he who writes

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to write' or 'to draw'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the writing man'), or substantivally, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who writes'). It can also imply the act of recording or registering something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩΝ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-IS-tee

Translations: commend, establish, prove, stand with, stand together, introduce, present, show, demonstrate, gather, collect

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to commend, establish, or prove. It can also mean to stand together or to introduce someone. It is often used to show or demonstrate something, or to gather and collect things. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

Inflection: Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular; or Present Active Subjunctive, 2nd Person Singular; or Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (contracted form of ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ)

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The combination implies bringing things or people together to stand, thus to establish, commend, or demonstrate.

G4705

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: spoo-DAI-oh-ter-on

Translations: more diligent, more earnest, more zealous, more important, more serious, more quickly, more eagerly, more carefully

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'σπουδαῖος' (spoudaios) or the adverb 'σπουδαίως' (spoudaios). As an adjective, it means 'more diligent' or 'more important'. As an adverb, it means 'more diligently', 'more earnestly', or 'more quickly'. It is used to indicate a greater degree of zeal, earnestness, speed, or importance.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Adverb

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΟΝ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ, ΤΑΧΙΟΝ

Etymology: The root word ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ (spoudaios) comes from σπουδή (spoudē), meaning 'haste, speed, earnestness, diligence'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ag-RIP-poo

Translations: of Agrippa

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Agrippa'. Agrippa was a common Roman name, notably borne by two Herodian kings mentioned in the New Testament: Herod Agrippa I and Herod Agrippa II. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Agrippa' means something belonging to or related to Agrippa.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Agrippa' is of Latin origin, derived from 'Agrippa', a Roman cognomen. It is believed to have originally referred to a child born feet first (from 'aegre partus', meaning 'born with difficulty').

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G0427

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nee-ON-tos

Translations: of going up, of ascending, of coming up, of relaxing, of letting go

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀνίημι' (aníēmi), meaning 'to send up, let go, relax'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing someone or something that is in the process of going up, ascending, or being released. It is often used to describe movement upwards or a state of relaxation or letting go.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up') and ἵημι (híēmi, 'to send, let go').

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-geh-nee-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having been made, having come into being, become, made, happened

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, indicating an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It describes something that has come into existence, has been made, or has happened. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and agrees with it in gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΠΟΙΗΜΕΝΗΝ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'.

G4146

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: PLEW-sas

Translations: having sailed, sailing, having put to sea, having embarked

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πλέω' (pleō), meaning 'to sail' or 'to put to sea'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates someone who has completed the act of sailing or embarking on a voyage. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'The man, having sailed to Rome, arrived safely.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΑΥΣΑΣ, ΠΛΩΣΑΣ

G4943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-TOONG-kha-non

Translations: meeting with, encountering, happening upon, conversing with, associating with

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'συντυγχάνω', meaning 'to meet with' or 'to happen upon'. It describes an ongoing action of encountering or associating with someone or something. It can also imply conversing or having a discussion with someone. It is often used to describe a chance meeting or an intentional encounter.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1887

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AY-geh-toh

Translations: was bringing upon, was leading on, was bringing along, was leading along, was bringing in, was leading in

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive form of the verb ἐπάγω (epago), meaning 'to bring upon,' 'to lead on,' or 'to bring/lead along/in.' It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. As a compound word, it combines the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on,' with the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.' Depending on the context, it can imply bringing something or someone to a place, or bringing something upon someone (like a consequence).

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΙΣΑΓΩ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-ken

Translations: handed over, delivered, gave up, betrayed, committed, entrusted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It generally means to hand something over to someone, to deliver, or to give up. Depending on the context, it can also mean to betray someone, to commit something to someone's care, or to entrust. It is often used in the sense of delivering someone into custody or handing over a tradition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-GINE

Translations: to lead up, to bring up, to put to sea, to offer up, to restore, to return

Notes: ἈΝΑΓΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἈΝΑΓΩ. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἈΝΑ (up, again) and the verb ἈΓΩ (to lead, to bring). Depending on the context, it can mean to lead or bring something or someone up, to set sail or put to sea, or to offer something up, especially in a sacrificial sense. It can also imply restoration or returning someone to a previous state or place.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΝΕΓΚΕΙΝ, ἈΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “up, again”) + ἄγω (ágō, “to lead, to bring”).

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-lon

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: eh-SO-meh-non

Translations: that which is to be, the future, about to be, coming, a thing that is to be

Notes: This word is a future participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is 'about to be' or 'going to happen'. When used substantively, especially in the neuter singular, it refers to 'the future' or 'that which is to come'. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a noun itself.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΩΝ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G3929

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-OH-sthai

Translations: to have been pushed aside, to have been rejected, to have been disregarded, to have been neglected

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb παρωθέω (parōtheō). It means 'to have been pushed aside,' 'to have been rejected,' 'to have been disregarded,' or 'to have been neglected.' It is a compound word formed from παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'away from,' and ὠθέω (ōtheō), meaning 'to push.' Thus, it literally means 'to push away from' or 'to push aside,' and in the passive, 'to be pushed aside.' It describes an action that has been completed in the past, resulting in a state of being set aside or ignored.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ

G3843