2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0447

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-ee-toh

Translations: was let go, was released, was relaxed, was loosened, was given up, was abandoned

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb ἀνίημι (aniēmi), meaning 'to let go, release, relax, loosen, give up, abandon'. The form 'ἀνεῖτο' indicates an action that was happening in the past and was continuous or repeated. It describes something that was being released or allowed to happen.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ΧΑΛΑΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνίημι is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. Thus, it literally means 'to send up' or 'to send back', which evolved into the sense of 'to let go' or 'release'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-RAH-khas

Translations: troubles, disturbances, commotions, agitations, disorders, a trouble, a disturbance

Notes: This word refers to a state of agitation, confusion, or disorder. It describes a disturbance, whether physical, emotional, or social. It is often used in the plural to denote multiple instances of trouble or unrest.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΡΑΧΗ (tarachē) comes from the verb ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ (tarassō), meaning 'to stir up, trouble, disturb'. It describes the result or state of being stirred up.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lam-BAH-non-tah

Translations: taking, receiving, seizing, getting, obtaining, accepting, grasping, laying hold of, one who takes, those who take

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'taking' or 'receiving'. It describes an ongoing action of taking or receiving something. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'the one who takes' or 'those who take'. It is often used in contexts of acquiring, accepting, or grasping something, whether literally or figuratively.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G4896

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-PIP-tee

Translations: fall together, happen, coincide, meet, encounter, agree, come to pass

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb πίπτω (piptō, meaning 'to fall'). It means to fall together, to coincide, or to happen. It can describe events that occur at the same time or circumstances that come together. It can also mean to meet or encounter someone or something.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΠΙΠΤΩ is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. Its etymology reflects the idea of things 'falling together' or 'coming together'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-ton

Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kho-RAY-san

Translations: they went, they came, they advanced, they made room, they contained, they departed, they withdrew

Notes: This word describes the act of moving, advancing, or making space. It can mean to go, come, proceed, or make progress. In some contexts, it can also mean to make room for something, to contain, or to be capable of holding something. It can also imply departing or withdrawing.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'space' or 'place'. The verb literally means 'to make space' or 'to have space'.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRO-soh

Translations: (of) face, (of) presence, (of) countenance, (to) face, (to) presence, (to) countenance

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' (prosōpon), meaning 'face', 'countenance', or 'presence'. It is used here in the genitive or dative singular case. In the genitive, it often indicates origin or separation, such as 'from the face of' or 'from the presence of'. In the dative, it indicates direction or relation, such as 'to the face' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΟΨ

G2135

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-NOO-khoi

Translations: eunuchs, a eunuch

Notes: This word refers to a castrated man, often employed in ancient courts as an attendant, chamberlain, or guardian of a harem. It can also refer to someone who is celibate or abstains from marriage for religious or spiritual reasons, or someone who is naturally impotent. In a broader sense, it can denote a high-ranking official or trusted servant in a royal household, regardless of their physical state.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΠΑΔΩΝ, ΚΑΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὐνοῦχος (eunoukhos), from εὐνή (eunē, 'bed') + ἔχω (echō, 'to have, to keep'). Literally, 'one who guards the bed'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2570

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAL-los

Translations: beauty, a beauty, splendor, glory

Notes: This word refers to beauty, splendor, or glory. It is often used to describe physical attractiveness or the magnificent appearance of something. It can also refer to the inherent excellence or glory of a person or thing. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the beauty of gold, the splendor of God's glory, and the beauty of Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΛΟΣ derives from the adjective καλός (kalos), meaning 'beautiful, good'. It refers to the quality or state of being beautiful.

G4704

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: es-poo-DAS-men-oy

Translations: eager, zealous, diligent, earnest, a diligent one, an earnest one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'σπουδάζω' (spoudazō), meaning 'to make haste, be diligent, or be eager'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been made eager, diligent, or zealous. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or verbally, indicating a state of having been made diligent or earnest. It implies a state of being earnest, zealous, or having applied oneself diligently to something.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΘΥΜΟΙ, ΖΗΛΩΤΑΙ, ΕΝΕΡΓΟΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3631

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-no-kho-EH-in

Translations: to pour wine, to act as a cupbearer, to serve wine

Notes: This verb means to pour wine, to serve as a cupbearer, or to present wine. It describes the action of someone who serves drinks, especially wine, to others, often in a formal or official capacity, such as a servant or an attendant at a banquet.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of ΟΙΝΟΣ (oinos), meaning 'wine,' and ΧΕΩ (cheō), meaning 'to pour.' It literally means 'to pour wine.'

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-FEH-rin

Translations: to offer, to bring, to present, to bring to, to bring forward

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb "προσφέρω" (prospherō). It is a compound verb, formed from "πρός" (pros), meaning "to" or "towards," and "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to bring" or "to bear." It generally means to bring something to someone or something, often with the intention of offering it, presenting it, or dedicating it. It can be used in contexts of bringing gifts, sacrifices, or even people to a particular place or person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb "προσφέρω" (prospherō) is a compound of the preposition "πρός" (pros), meaning "to, toward, with," and the verb "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to bear, carry, bring." Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements, indicating the action of bringing something towards a destination or person.

G2657

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-koy-MIH-zayn

Translations: to put to sleep, to cause to sleep, to lull to sleep

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κοιμίζω (koimizō), meaning 'to put to sleep'. It means to cause someone or something to fall asleep, often implying a gentle or complete action of putting to rest. It can be used in contexts of lulling someone to sleep or causing a deep slumber.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΙΖΩ, ΥΠΝΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κοιμίζω (koimizō), meaning 'to put to sleep'. Κοιμίζω itself derives from κοιμάω (koimaō), 'to sleep', which comes from the root κοῖτος (koitos), 'bed' or 'sleeping place'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-toh

Translations: he had been entrusted, it had been entrusted, he had been believed, it had been believed

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'pisteuō', meaning 'to believe' or 'to entrust'. In this specific form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and had ongoing results, often implying a state of having been believed or having been entrusted. It is used to describe someone or something that had been given a responsibility or had gained trust.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ

G3176

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-tah

Translations: greatest, very great, most great, greatest ones, very great ones, most great ones

Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'great', meaning 'greatest' or 'very great'. It is used to describe something or someone as being the utmost in size, importance, or degree. In the provided examples, it refers to 'great ones' or 'nobles', indicating people of high status or power.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas) comes from Proto-Indo-European *meǵ- meaning 'great'. The superlative form ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ (megistos) is derived from this root.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHAIS

Translations: (to) beginnings, (to) rulers, (to) authorities, (to) principalities, (to) first places, (to) divisions, (to) companies

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'ἈΡΧΗ'. It refers to the initial point of something, a position of authority, or a person holding such authority. In military contexts, it can refer to divisions or companies of soldiers, as seen in the provided examples where it describes groups of people or troops. It indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΙΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΕΣΙΝ, ΗΓΕΜΟΣΙΝ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-af-thar-AY-nye

Translations: to be corrupted, to be destroyed, to be ruined, to be spoiled, to be depraved, to be wasted, to be annihilated

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'διαφθείρω' (diaphtheirō). It means 'to be corrupted' or 'to be destroyed'. It describes a state of decay, ruin, or moral depravity that happens to something or someone, often implying a complete and irreversible change for the worse. It can be used to describe the destruction of physical objects, the ruin of a city, or the moral corruption of individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΣΘΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΕΣΘΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΥΕΣΘΑΙ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G0350

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-kree-NAHN-tee

Translations: to examine, to investigate, to question, to inquire, to judge, to discern

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anakrinō', meaning to examine, investigate, or question. It describes an action of careful scrutiny or inquiry. It can be used to describe someone who is in the process of examining or judging something, often with the implication of a formal or legal inquiry. In this form, it functions adverbially or adjectivally, indicating the person or thing performing the action of examining.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Dative

Synonyms: ἘΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-nays

Translations: of having become, of having been, of having come into being, of having happened

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be born'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results. In this specific form, it is used to modify a feminine noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. It can refer to something that has come into existence, happened, or been born.

Inflection: Perfect Participle, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2842

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-noh-NEE-ahs

Translations: of fellowship, of participation, of communion, of sharing, of contribution, of partnership

Notes: This word refers to the state of having something in common, sharing, or participating with others. It can describe a close relationship or association, a joint undertaking, or a contribution made to a common cause. It is often used in a religious context to describe spiritual communion or fellowship among believers.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΝΔΕΣΜΟΣ

G3394

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MIX-eh-ohs

Translations: of mixing, of a mixing, of union, of a union, of intercourse, of a mixture

Notes: This word refers to the act of mixing, blending, or combining things. It can also denote a union or association, particularly in the context of physical or sexual intercourse. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΜΙΞΙΣ, ΚΡΑΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΜΙΞΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΞΙΣ (mixis) comes from the verb μίγνυμι (mignymi), meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *mei- meaning 'to mix'.

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-moh-lo-GOON

Translations: they were confessing, they were acknowledging, they were agreeing, they confessed, they acknowledged, they agreed

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'homologeo'. It describes an action of confessing, acknowledging, or agreeing that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It implies a continuous state of affirmation or admission, often in public or before others. For example, 'they were confessing their sins' or 'they were agreeing with the statement'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ (homologeo) is a compound word derived from the Greek words ΟΜΟΣ (homos), meaning 'same' or 'one and the same', and ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak the same word' or 'to agree with what is said'.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lo

Translations: other, another, different, an other, another thing

Notes: This word refers to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or is currently under consideration. It can be used to describe a different person, thing, or concept. It often functions as an adjective modifying a noun, but can also stand alone as a pronoun meaning 'another one' or 'another thing'. When used adverbially, it can mean 'otherwise' or 'in another way'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ, ἈΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΛΛΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1422

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doos-kheh-RES

Translations: difficult, hard, troublesome, annoying, grievous, a difficult thing, a hard thing

Notes: This word describes something that is difficult, hard to bear, or troublesome. It can refer to a situation, task, or circumstance that presents challenges or causes annoyance. It is often used to describe things that are unpleasant or burdensome.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of δύς (dys), meaning 'bad, hard, difficult', and χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', or more broadly, 'dealing with, managing'. Thus, it literally means 'hard to handle' or 'difficult to manage'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4894

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EYE-den-eye

Translations: to know with, to be conscious of, to be privy to, to be aware of

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'οἶδα' (oida), meaning 'to know'. It signifies knowing something in common with others, or being inwardly aware of something, often implying a shared knowledge or a personal consciousness. It can be used to describe being privy to a secret or having a guilty conscience.

Inflection: Perfect Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zoh-meh-noy

Translations: being tormented, being tortured, being distressed, being examined, being tested

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being tormented' or 'being tortured'. It describes someone who is undergoing severe suffering, pain, or distress, often as a result of physical torture or intense mental anguish. It can also refer to being put to the test or examined, like a metal being tested on a touchstone. It is a compound word derived from the noun 'βάσανος' (BASANOS), meaning 'touchstone' or 'test'.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΩΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΚΟΥΧΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G0318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nahng-KAI-ss

Translations: to necessity, in necessity, by necessity, to distress, in distress, by distress, to compulsion, in compulsion, by compulsion, to affliction, in affliction, by affliction

Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can denote an unavoidable obligation, a difficult situation, or a time of affliction. In its dative plural form, as seen in 'ἈΝΑΓΚΑΙΣ', it often indicates the circumstances or means by which something occurs, such as 'in necessities' or 'by compulsions'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ, ΠΙΕΣΙΣ

G5256, G5257

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pee-reh-TON

Translations: serving, ministering, attending, assisting, of servants, of ministers, of attendants

Notes: This word can function as a present active participle of the verb 'ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ' (hypereteo), meaning 'to serve' or 'to minister', or as the genitive plural of the noun 'ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ' (hyperetes), meaning 'a servant' or 'an attendant'. As a participle, it describes someone who is actively engaged in service or ministry. As a noun, it refers to a group of servants or ministers. The root word is a compound of 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo, 'under') and 'ΕΡΕΤΗΣ' (eretes, 'rower'), originally referring to an under-rower on a ship, hence one who serves or assists.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural; or Noun, Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΩΝ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΩΝ, ΔΟΥΛΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ (hypereteo) comes from the noun ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ (hyperetes), which is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and ΕΡΕΤΗΣ (eretes), meaning 'rower'. It originally referred to an under-rower on a ship, someone who served by rowing, and later broadened to mean any kind of servant, assistant, or minister.

G5483

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kha-ri-ZO-me-nohn

Translations: of those granting, of those giving freely, of those forgiving, of those showing favor, of those bestowing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'charizō', meaning to grant, give freely, forgive, or show favor. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a noun. In this form, it refers to 'those who are granting' or 'those who are forgiving', indicating an ongoing action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΝΤΩΝ, ΑΦΙΕΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1420

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dys-MEH-ni-ah

Translations: ill will, an ill will, hostility, a hostility, enmity, an enmity, hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to a state of ill will, hostility, or enmity. It describes a feeling of strong dislike or opposition towards someone or something. It can be used to describe the general disposition of a person or a specific act of hostility.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΜΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΠΑΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΥΣΜΕΝΕΙΑ (dysmenia) is derived from the adjective ΔΥΣΜΕΝΗΣ (dysmenēs), meaning 'ill-disposed' or 'hostile'. It is formed from the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and ΜΕΝΟΣ (menos), meaning 'spirit' or 'mind'.

G3402

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEE-sos

Translations: hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to the strong feeling of intense dislike or ill will towards someone or something. It is often used to describe animosity or enmity. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, for example, 'their hatred' or 'he felt hatred'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΑΠΕΧΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΟΣ comes from the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G1721

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: em-FOO-ton

Translations: inborn, implanted, innate, engrafted, an inborn thing

Notes: This word describes something that is naturally present from birth or has been firmly placed or engrafted within something else. It refers to qualities or characteristics that are inherent or deeply embedded.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἘΝΓΕΝΗΣ, ΦΥΣΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΦΥΤΟΣ is derived from the prefix ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and the verb ΦΥΩ (phyo), meaning 'to grow' or 'to produce'. Thus, it literally means 'grown in' or 'implanted'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G4053

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: peh-RIT-ton

Translations: superfluous, excessive, abundant, more than enough, extraordinary, a surplus, a remainder, a superfluity, an excess

Notes: This word describes something that is more than what is needed or expected. It can refer to something left over, something extra, or something that is beyond the usual measure. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun possesses these qualities. As a noun, it refers to the surplus or excess itself.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΚΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΥ, ΠΛΕΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', implying something that goes beyond or is in excess of a boundary or measure.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-ty-KAY-koh-tah

Translations: having obtained, having happened, having met, having attained, having been, having succeeded, having chanced

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having obtained' or 'having happened'. It describes a completed action that has a continuing result. It is used to indicate someone or something that has come into possession of something, or has experienced a particular event or state. For example, it could refer to 'those who have obtained' or 'things that have happened'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΑ, ΕΥΡΗΚΟΤΑ, ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *tewg- ('to strike, push, hit'). Related to τυγχάνω (tynchanō) meaning 'to hit the mark, obtain'.

G3906

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-KA-ly-ma

Translations: covering, a covering, veil, a veil, pretext, a pretext, cloak, a cloak

Notes: This word refers to something that covers or conceals, such as a veil or a covering. It can also be used metaphorically to mean a pretext or a disguise, something that hides the true nature or intention of an action. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and 'καλύπτω' (kalypto, meaning 'to cover' or 'to conceal').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΜΜΑ, ΠΕΡΙΒΟΛΑΙΟΝ

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noo

Translations: (of) time, time

Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-non

Translations: making, doing, performing, creating, producing, being made, being done, being performed, being created, being produced

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. 'Poioumenon' specifically is in the middle or passive voice, indicating either that the subject is performing the action for itself (middle) or that the action is being performed upon the subject (passive). It can be translated as 'making' or 'doing' (middle voice) or 'being made' or 'being done' (passive voice), depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'poieō' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, used to express a wide range of actions related to creation, performance, and activity.

G3189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-LAI-non-tah

Translations: blackening, making black, darkening

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μελαίνω' (melainō), meaning 'to blacken' or 'to make black'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. It refers to the process of something becoming or being made dark or black.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΜΑΥΡΟΩ

Etymology: The verb 'μελαίνω' (melainō) is derived from the adjective 'μέλας' (melas), meaning 'black' or 'dark'. It describes the action of making something black or dark.

G2813

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KLEP-ton-tah

Translations: stealing, a stealing one, one who steals, a thief, those who steal

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'κλέπτω' (kleptō), meaning 'to steal'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of stealing. It can be translated as 'stealing' or 'one who steals', and in some contexts, it can refer to 'a thief' or 'those who steal'. It describes an ongoing action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular; or Accusative, Neuter, Singular; or Nominative/Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΗΣΤΗΣ, ΚΛΩΨ

G1650

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leng-khon

Translations: proof, conviction, a conviction, rebuke, a rebuke, reproof, a reproof

Notes: This word refers to a proof, conviction, or a strong demonstration that leads to conviction. It can also mean a rebuke or reproof, often implying a correction that brings someone to acknowledge their fault. It is used in sentences to describe the act or result of proving something true or false, or the act of correcting someone.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΕΙΞΙΣ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΩΣΙΣ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-E-khoi-en

Translations: they might pay attention, they might give heed, they might beware, they might apply themselves

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to pay attention, to give heed, to beware, or to apply oneself. It is often used to warn someone to be careful or to focus on something. It can also mean to hold to or to devote oneself to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Optative, Active, Present

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word προσέχω (prosechō) is a compound of πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have, to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold toward' or 'to direct one's attention toward'.

G4064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-geh-NO-meh-nays

Translations: (of) having overcome, (of) having survived, (of) having prevailed, (of) having come out on top

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'περιγίνομαι' (periginomai), meaning 'to come to be around, to survive, to overcome, to prevail'. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred, often indicating the subject's successful outcome or survival in a situation. It is used to describe someone or something that has emerged victorious or has endured a challenge.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word 'περιγίνομαι' is a compound verb derived from the preposition 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around, about', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become, to come into being'. The combination suggests 'coming to be around' or 'coming to be over', leading to its meanings of prevailing or surviving.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noo

Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, wanting, of one wishing, of one desiring, of one intending, of one purposing, of one wanting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'boulomai', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing, desiring, or intending something. It is often used to indicate the will or purpose of a person or group, and can function similarly to a noun or adjective depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the root 'boulē' (counsel, will), which is related to the idea of deliberate choice or purpose. It signifies a desire that comes from a settled purpose or intention, rather than a fleeting wish.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-loo

Translations: of another, of others, elsewhere, to another place, to another

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another', or as an adverb meaning 'elsewhere' or 'to another place'. When used as an adjective, it refers to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. As an adverb, it indicates a different location or direction. It is an inflected form of the word 'ΑΛΛΟΣ'.

Inflection: Genitive Singular (Masculine or Neuter), or Adverb

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G5035

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ta-KHOO

Translations: quick, swift, fast, quickly, swiftly, soon, immediately

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'quick' or 'swift', describing something that moves or happens at a high speed. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'quickly', 'swiftly', 'soon', or 'immediately', indicating the manner or timing of an action. For example, it can describe a 'swift witness' or an action that happens 'quickly'.

Inflection: Neuter Singular Nominative or Accusative (as adjective), Adverbial form (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΧΥ (tachy) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂g- meaning 'to touch, to handle', which evolved to imply speed or quickness in Greek.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G3904

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-skey-A-ees

Translations: preparations, provisions, equipment, supplies, resources

Notes: This word refers to the act of preparing or making ready, or the things that are prepared, such as provisions, equipment, or resources. It can be used in a general sense for any kind of preparation, or more specifically for military preparations or supplies. In some contexts, it can also refer to the day of preparation before the Sabbath, or Friday.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΕΦΟΔΙΑ, ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΑ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kra-TEH-in

Translations: to rule, to hold, to prevail, to master, to overcome, to control, to grasp, to seize

Notes: This word describes the act of exercising power, authority, or control over something or someone. It can mean to rule or govern, to hold fast or grasp firmly, or to overcome and prevail in a struggle. It is often used to indicate dominance or mastery.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The word κρατέω (krateō) derives from κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, might, dominion'.

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-geh-MO-nohn

Translations: of leaders, of rulers, of governors, of commanders

Notes: This word refers to those who lead, rule, or command. It is used to describe individuals in positions of authority, such as governors, military commanders, or heads of state. It is a genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of leaders' or 'belonging to rulers'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΩΝ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΩΝ

Etymology: From the verb ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead, to guide, to think, to consider'.

G4929

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-es-TAH-sin

Translations: a standing together, a bringing together, a combination, a constitution, a collection, a gathering, a composition, a structure, a foundation, a substance, a confidence, a proof

Notes: This word refers to a standing together or a combination of things. It can denote a collection, a composition, or the very substance or foundation of something. In some contexts, it can also mean confidence or proof, particularly in the sense of a firm standing or assurance.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΥΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH-ee

Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G3754, G3767

Part of Speech: Indefinite Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: ho-tee-OON

Translations: whatever, whatsoever, anything, anything whatever, anything at all, at all

Notes: ΟΤΙΟΥΝ is a compound word meaning 'whatever' or 'anything at all'. It functions as an indefinite pronoun or an adverb, emphasizing the comprehensive or unrestricted nature of something. It can be used to express 'anything whatsoever' or 'no matter what'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΙΔΗΠΟΤΕ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: ΟΤΙΟΥΝ is a compound word formed from ὅτι (hoti), meaning 'that' or 'because', and οὖν (oun), an inferential particle meaning 'therefore' or 'then'. Together, they form an indefinite sense.

G1716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DRAHN

Translations: to do, to act, to perform

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'δράω' (draō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. It describes the action of doing something, performing a task, or carrying out an activity. It can be used in various contexts to indicate the execution of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The verb δράω (draō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to act'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the sense of action or performance.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1907

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-peh-REH-ee-as

Translations: of insult, of abuse, of injury, of malicious treatment, of despiteful usage

Notes: This word refers to malicious treatment, insult, or abuse, often implying a deliberate act of hostility or injury. It describes the act of treating someone with contempt or causing them harm through words or actions. It is typically used to describe the negative actions or attitudes directed towards others.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΗΡΕΙΑ (epēreia) comes from the verb ἐπηρεάζω (epēreazō), meaning 'to treat despitefully, to insult, to injure'. This verb is formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and ἀρά (ara), meaning 'prayer' or 'curse', or possibly from ἔρος (eros), meaning 'strife'. It denotes an action directed against someone with hostile intent.

G5283

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-NOY-an

Translations: suspicion, a suspicion, conjecture, a conjecture, surmise, a surmise, insinuation, an insinuation

Notes: This word refers to a suspicion, conjecture, or surmise, often implying a hidden thought or an underlying meaning. It can also denote an insinuation or a hint. It is used to describe an idea or belief that is not fully proven but is based on some evidence or feeling. For example, one might have a suspicion about someone's motives.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΨΙΑ, ΕΙΚΑΣΙΑ, ΥΠΟΘΕΣΙΣ

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, understanding, having understood, interpreting, having interpreted, taking out, having taken out, choosing, having chosen

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἐκλαμβάνω (eklambanō). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often translated as 'having taken' or 'having received'. It can also mean to understand, interpret, or choose, depending on the context. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκλαμβάνω (eklambanō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G2042

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-reh-THEE-zeh-toh

Translations: was being provoked, was being stirred up, was being irritated, was being roused

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle or passive form of the verb 'ἐρεθίζω'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. The verb means to stir up, provoke, irritate, or rouse to anger. In the middle voice, it could mean to stir oneself up, and in the passive voice, to be stirred up or provoked by someone or something else.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΓΙΖΩ

G4089

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PIK-ros

Translations: bitter, sharp, harsh, cruel, a bitter

Notes: This word describes something as bitter in taste, but it is also frequently used metaphorically to describe something as harsh, sharp, or cruel in nature or character. It can refer to a person's disposition, a day, or an event. For example, a 'bitter day' might refer to a difficult or sorrowful day, and a 'bitter person' would be someone harsh or cruel.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΑΠΗΝΗΣ, ΩΜΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to cut' or 'to pierce', suggesting a sharp or pungent quality.

G1167

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-deh-DOI-kee

Translations: he had feared, he was afraid, he had been afraid

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. The form 'ἘΔΕΔΟΙΚΕΙ' is the third person singular pluperfect active indicative, indicating an action that was completed in the past before another past action. It describes a state of having feared or having been afraid.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Pluperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ

Etymology: From an ancient root related to fear or flight. It is a reduplicated perfect form of a verb meaning 'to fear'.

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ES-tay-ken

Translations: has stood together, has been composed, has been constituted, has been formed, has been established, has been set up, has been commended, has been proved, has been recommended

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb συνίστημι (synistēmi). It means to stand together, to be composed or constituted of something, to be formed, or to be established. In some contexts, it can also mean to commend or prove something, indicating that something has been shown to be true or valid.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word συνίστημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.'

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2478

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: iss-khoo-ROH-teh-ron

Translations: stronger, mightier, more powerful, a stronger thing, a mightier thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ἰσχυρός' (ischyros), meaning 'strong' or 'mighty'. Therefore, 'ἰσχυρότερον' means 'stronger' or 'mightier'. It is used to compare the strength or power of one thing to another, indicating a greater degree of strength. For example, one might say 'this is stronger than that'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative Degree

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἰσχυρός (ischyros) comes from ἰσχύς (ischys), meaning 'strength' or 'might'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G1782

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EN-then

Translations: from here, thence, on this side, on that side, on one side, on the other side

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or direction from a specific place. It can mean 'from here' or 'thence'. It is often used in pairs, such as 'from here and from there' or 'on this side and on that side', to describe something being surrounded or existing on both sides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΝΤΕΥΘΕΝ, ἘΚΕΙΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', combined with a suffix indicating origin or direction.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

G5319

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-neh-ROO

Translations: to make manifest, to reveal, to show, to appear, to be revealed, to be shown

Notes: This word means to make something visible, known, or evident. It can refer to revealing something that was hidden, or simply making something clear and apparent. It is often used in a theological sense to describe God or Christ being revealed. In its active form, it means 'to make manifest' or 'to show'; in its passive or middle form, it means 'to be made manifest' or 'to appear'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

G2046

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-REH-oo-nahn

Translations: search, a search, investigation, an investigation, inquiry, an inquiry

Notes: This word refers to the act of searching, investigating, or inquiring. It is often used in contexts where a thorough examination or a detailed quest for information is implied. For example, one might undertake an 'ereuna' for truth or for hidden objects.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΗΤΗΣΙΣ, ΕΞΕΤΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ereuna' is derived from the verb 'ereunao' (G2045), meaning 'to search out, examine'. It is likely related to the concept of digging or delving deeply.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-toh

Translations: was making, was doing, made, did, was producing, was performing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'poieō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it means 'was making for oneself' or 'was doing for oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'was being made' or 'was being done'. The context usually clarifies whether it's middle or passive.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G2685

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-SKO-poos

Translations: spies, scouts

Notes: This word refers to individuals sent to secretly gather information, typically about an enemy's movements, strength, or plans. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σκοπέω (skopeō), meaning 'to look' or 'to observe'. Thus, it literally means 'one who looks down upon' or 'one who observes against'. It is used to describe those who engage in espionage or reconnaissance.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΟΠΟΙ, ΣΚΟΠΟΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΟΙ

G5282

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-no-oo-MEH-non

Translations: suspected, supposed, imagined, conjectured, inferred, implied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to suspect' or 'to suppose'. It refers to things that are suspected, conjectured, or imagined, rather than explicitly stated or known. It describes something that is understood or inferred, often with a sense of underlying meaning or suspicion. In a sentence, it would describe the nature of certain things or ideas.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΠΤΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΙΚΑΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G1293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-PEM-psen

Translations: sent through, sent away, dispatched, sent

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb πέμπω (pempo), meaning 'to send'. Therefore, it means 'to send through' or 'to send away'. It is used to describe the action of sending someone or something from one place to another, often implying a journey or a message being dispatched.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΠΕΜΠΩ is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempo), meaning 'to send'. The preposition intensifies or specifies the direction of the sending.

G5284

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pop-SEE-ah

Translations: suspicion, a suspicion, distrust, a distrust

Notes: This word refers to a feeling or thought that something is possible, likely, or true, especially something bad or undesirable. It denotes a state of mind where one suspects something without definite proof, often leading to distrust or apprehension. It is typically used in the singular.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΙΑ, ΔΥΣΠΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from below', and the noun ΟΨΙΣ (opsis), meaning 'sight' or 'appearance'. Thus, it literally means 'a looking from under' or 'a looking askance', which evolved to mean 'suspicion'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MI-see

Translations: you hated, you might hate, hate

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'miseō', meaning 'to hate'. It can be interpreted as a past tense form ('you hated') or a subjunctive form expressing a potential action ('you might hate'). It can also be an imperative, a command to 'hate'. It describes the act of feeling or expressing strong dislike or animosity towards someone or something.

Inflection: 2nd Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative; or 2nd Person Singular, Aorist Active Subjunctive; or 2nd Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tas

Translations: all, every, the whole, everyone

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate the entirety of a group or quantity. In this form, it is the masculine or feminine accusative plural, meaning it refers to 'all' or 'everyone' as the direct object of a verb, or after a preposition that takes the accusative case.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἁ- (ha-), meaning 'together' or 'one and the same', and πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It emphasizes the totality or completeness of something.

G0803

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: as-fah-LEH-yah

Translations: safety, security, certainty, assurance, a safety, a security, a certainty, an assurance

Notes: This word refers to a state of being safe, secure, or free from danger. It can also denote certainty or assurance, indicating a firm conviction or reliable knowledge. It is often used in contexts where protection, stability, or trustworthiness is emphasized.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek adjective ἀσφαλής (asphalēs), meaning 'safe, secure, firm', which is derived from ἀ- (a-, 'not') and σφάλλω (sphallō, 'to cause to fall, to stumble'). Thus, it literally means 'that which cannot be overthrown or caused to fall'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lam-BAH-non

Translations: taking, receiving, seizing, grasping, obtaining, one who takes, one who receives

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'taking' or 'receiving'. It describes an ongoing action of taking, seizing, or obtaining something. It can be used to describe someone who is in the act of taking or receiving, or as a descriptive adjective for a person or thing that takes or receives.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From an assumed root LAB-, meaning 'to take, seize'.

G0514, G0516

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: ax-ee-OHN

Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, suitable, to deem worthy, to consider worthy, to ask, to request, to expect, to think fit, of worthy ones, of those who are worthy

Notes: This word can function as a verb or an adjective. As a verb (from ἀξιόω), it means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to expect.' As an adjective (from ἄξιος), it means 'worthy,' 'deserving,' 'fitting,' or 'suitable.' The form 'ἈΞΙΩΝ' can be a present active participle (nominative masculine singular) of the verb 'ἀξιόω', meaning 'deeming worthy' or 'asking'. It can also be the genitive plural (masculine, feminine, or neuter) of the adjective 'ἄξιος', meaning 'of worthy ones' or 'of those who are worthy'. Its meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Present Active Participle (Nominative, Masculine, Singular) or Genitive Plural (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: KHROH-meh-nos

Translations: using, employing, having, dealing with, associating with, a user, an employer

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΧΡΑΟΜΑΙ' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of using, employing, or dealing with something. It can also imply having or associating with something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used adverbially.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ

G1301

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-TEH-leh-ee

Translations: he continued, he kept on, he remained, he spent (time)

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb διατελέω (diateleo). It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and τελέω (teleo), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. When combined, it signifies an action that is ongoing or continuous, often translated as 'to continue', 'to persevere', 'to remain', or 'to spend time'. The imperfect tense indicates a past action that was in progress or habitual.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G4009

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEH-ras

Translations: end, a limit, a boundary, a goal, a conclusion

Notes: This word refers to an end, a limit, or a boundary. It can denote the termination of something, a physical border, or the ultimate goal or conclusion of an action or process. It is often used to indicate that something is without limit or endless when combined with a negative.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΟΡΙΟΝ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the root *per-, meaning 'to pass through, to go beyond'. It refers to the point where one passes through or reaches the limit.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3543

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zoh-meh-noy

Translations: supposed, esteemed, customary, believed, thought, a supposed, an esteemed

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'νομίζω' (nomizō), meaning 'to think, suppose, believe, or practice customarily'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing something that is 'supposed' or 'customary'. It can also be used substantively, referring to 'those who are supposed' or 'the things that are customary'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G2480

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: iss-KHYOO-on-tes

Translations: being strong, being able, having power, those who are strong, the strong ones

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being strong' or 'having power'. It describes someone or something that possesses strength, ability, or authority. It can be used adjectivally to describe people who are strong or capable, or substantively as 'the strong ones' or 'those who are able'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G4914

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-AY-thee-ah

Translations: custom, habit, practice, a custom, a habit, a practice

Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or practice that is established through repeated action or tradition. It describes something that is commonly done or observed, whether by an individual or a community. It can be used to speak of a personal routine or a societal norm.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΘΟΣ, ΕΙΩΘΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: From σύν (syn, 'with') and ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), referring to something that is done together or has become a shared practice.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-ohn

Translations: more, greater, much, many

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater' in quantity, number, or degree. It is often used to compare one thing to another, indicating an excess or superiority. It can also simply mean 'much' or 'many' when the comparison is implied or less explicit.

Inflection: Comparative adjective, inflects for gender (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter), number (Singular, Plural), and case (Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative).

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΟΛΥΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay

Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G0622

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-POL-loo-meh-noy

Translations: perishing, being destroyed, losing, being lost

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is in the process of perishing, being destroyed, or being lost. It can refer to physical destruction, spiritual ruin, or simply the act of losing something. It is often used to describe those who are spiritually lost or facing eternal destruction.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΦΘΕΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TRAH-pay-sahn

Translations: they turned, they were turned, they turned themselves, they were changed, they were put to flight

Notes: This word describes an action of turning or being turned. It can mean to turn oneself, to be turned, to change direction, or to be put to flight. It is often used to indicate a change in course, direction, or even a change in one's state or mind, sometimes implying a turning away or a rout.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zon-tes

Translations: thinking, supposing, believing, considering, practicing, accustomed

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'thinking' or 'supposing'. It describes an ongoing action of holding an opinion, believing something to be true, or being accustomed to a practice. It can be used to describe someone who is under the impression of something or who habitually does something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G5348

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: FTHA-sas

Translations: having come, having arrived, having reached, having attained, having anticipated, having preceded

Notes: ΦΘΑΣΑΣ is the masculine, singular, nominative aorist active participle of the verb ΦΘΑΝΩ (phthanō). It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb's action, often implying arrival, attainment, or anticipation. It can be translated as 'having come,' 'having arrived,' 'having reached,' or 'having anticipated,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ross

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another', specifically implying a qualitative difference or a different kind, as opposed to 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to distinguish one thing from another that is distinct in nature or type. For example, 'a different man' or 'another kind of thing'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'different'. It is related to Latin 'alter' and English 'other'.

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ron

Translations: another, other, different, a different thing, an other thing

Notes: This word means 'another' or 'other', emphasizing a difference in kind or quality from something else. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has been previously mentioned or implied. For example, it might be used to say 'another person' or 'a different kind of thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'. It is related to the English word 'other'.

G1225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-BAH-loy

Translations: he might slander, he might accuse, he might calumniate, he might set at variance

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to slander, accuse, or calumniate someone, or to set people at variance with each other. It describes the act of speaking falsely or maliciously about someone to harm their reputation or to cause conflict between individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΣΥΚΟΦΑΝΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. Together, they convey the idea of 'throwing across' or 'casting through', which evolved to mean 'to cast accusations' or 'to slander'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEH-rine

Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to lead, to endure, to produce

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΦΕΡΩ. It means "to bear," "to carry," or "to bring." It can also imply enduring something or producing fruit/results. It is used to express an action without specifying a subject or tense, often functioning like an English infinitive phrase.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- meaning 'to carry, to bear'. It is cognate with Latin ferō, English bear, and Sanskrit bharati.

G2188

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-IF-thon-oy

Translations: envious, an envious one, subject to envy, ill-disposed, hateful

Notes: This word describes someone who is envious, or someone who is an object of envy. It can also mean someone who is ill-disposed towards others, or hateful. It is used to describe a characteristic of a person or group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΘΟΝΕΡΟΣ, ΒΑΣΚΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, over') and φθόνος (phthonos, 'envy, jealousy'). It literally means 'upon envy' or 'subject to envy'.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-xee-OON

Translations: they were thinking worthy, they were deeming worthy, they were demanding, they were asking, they were requesting

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to demand,' 'to ask,' or 'to request.' It implies that the subjects were considering something or someone to be deserving of a particular action or status, or that they were making a strong request or demand.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-noy

Translations: having become, being, having come to pass, having arisen, having been born, having happened

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or a state that has been achieved. It often translates as 'having become' or 'those who have become,' indicating a completed action that results in a new state or identity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4355

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-lam-BAH-non-tes

Translations: taking to oneself, receiving, assuming, associating with, taking along, admitting, welcoming

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'taking to oneself' or 'receiving'. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and λαμβάνω (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an ongoing action of taking something or someone to oneself, often implying acceptance, association, or assumption. It can be used to describe someone who is in the process of welcoming, admitting, or taking along others.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: goon

Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate

Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).

G3624

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-ahs

Translations: of one's own, of one's household, of one's family, of one's own affairs, of one's own property, of one's own home, of one's own people

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'belonging to one's household/family'. It is used to describe something that is personal, private, or intimately connected to an individual or their immediate circle. It often implies a sense of belonging or ownership, whether literal or figurative, and can refer to one's own possessions, family members, or personal affairs.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΔΙΟΣ, ΕΑΥΤΟΥ

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ex-AY-eh-san

Translations: they went out, they came out, they proceeded out

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'they went out' or 'they came out'. It describes a group of people or things moving from an inside location to an outside one, or from one place to another. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to, in addition), 'ἐκ' (out of), and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΗΛΘΟΝ, ΑΠΗΛΘΟΝ

Etymology: The root verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The prefix ἐκ (ek) means 'out of' and ἐπί (epi) means 'upon' or 'in addition to', indicating direction or emphasis.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-toh

Translations: (to) such, (to) such a one, (to) such a kind, (by) such, (by) such a one, (by) such a kind

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe a person or thing that is of the nature or quality previously mentioned or implied. As an adjective, it agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. In this dative singular form, it can indicate the indirect object ('to such a one') or an instrument/means ('by such a one').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΟΙΟΣ

G3664

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOY-oys

Translations: similar, like, resembling, of the same kind, equal, a similar one, to similar ones

Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or like something else. It indicates a resemblance in nature, quality, or appearance. It is often used to compare two or more things, stating that they share common characteristics or are of the same kind. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are similar' or 'similar ones'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose

Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state, an event happening, or the coming into existence of something. It is often used to describe what happened or what came about.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or originating.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G3704

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAH-non

Translations: instrument, a tool, a device, an organ, a musical instrument

Notes: This word refers to any kind of tool, implement, or instrument used to perform a task. It can also refer to a musical instrument or even a bodily organ, emphasizing its function as a means to an end. It is a general term for something that serves as an agent or means.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟΝ, ΣΚΕΥΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΡΓΑΝΟΝ is derived from the verb ἔργω (ergō), meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It literally means 'that which works' or 'that by which work is done'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3539

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: noh-OON-tes

Translations: understanding, perceiving, thinking, comprehending, those who understand, those who perceive

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'νοέω' (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, understand, think, or comprehend'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally (describing a noun) or adverbially (modifying a verb). In this form, it refers to 'those who are understanding' or 'those who are perceiving'. It is often used to describe someone who is actively engaged in mental processing or comprehension.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ

G4850

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-nah-LIS-koh-meh-noy

Translations: being consumed together, being wasted together, being destroyed together

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'συναλίσκω' (synaliskō), meaning 'to consume together' or 'to waste together'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the process of being consumed or wasted alongside others. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΑΠΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word συναλίσκω (synaliskō) is a compound word formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἀλίσκω (aliskō), meaning 'to capture', 'to be caught', or 'to be consumed'. Thus, it literally means 'to be caught or consumed together'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3986

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEI-rah

Translations: trial, a trial, test, a test, attempt, an attempt, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to a trial, test, or attempt, often implying an experience that proves or demonstrates something. It can also denote an experiment or an effort to do something. It is used to describe situations where one's character, faith, or abilities are put to the test.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΣ, ΕΜΠΕΙΡΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb πειράω (peiraō), meaning 'to try, to attempt, to test'. It is related to the concept of passing through or experiencing something.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HEH-teh-roys

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word refers to something that is 'other' or 'different' from what has been previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a distinction in kind or character, rather than just numerical difference (which would be expressed by 'ἄλλος'). It is often used to introduce a new or distinct item in a list or comparison. In the provided examples, it refers to 'other gods'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3341

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-TAH-noy-ah

Translations: repentance, a repentance, change of mind, conversion

Notes: This word refers to a change of mind, a turning around, or a conversion. It implies a fundamental shift in one's thinking, attitude, or direction, often leading to a change in behavior. It is frequently used in a religious context to denote a turning away from sin and towards God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΝΟΙΑ is a compound word derived from the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'after' or 'with', and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'. Thus, it literally means 'to think differently afterwards' or 'a change of mind'.

G4368

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pro-fa-NOHS

Translations: clearly, obviously, evidently, openly, plainly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'clearly' or 'obviously'. It describes an action or state that is apparent, manifest, or easily perceived. It can be used to emphasize that something is not hidden or obscure, but rather out in the open for all to see or understand.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΩΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective πρόδηλος (prodēlos) meaning 'clear, evident', or from the verb προφαίνω (prophainō) meaning 'to show forth, appear'. It combines the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', with φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear'.

G0264

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hah-mar-TAH-non-tas

Translations: sinning, those sinning, a sinning one, committing sin, doing wrong

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'sinning' or 'one who sins'. It describes an ongoing action of sinning or refers to individuals who are in the act of sinning. It can function adjectivally to describe a noun or substantively as a noun itself, meaning 'those who are sinning' or 'a sinner'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΑΣΕΒΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-I-REIN

Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'again') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take' or 'to choose'). Depending on the context, it can mean to take up, to take away, to destroy, or to kill. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death or causing destruction.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-GHEE-neh-toh

Translations: was coming upon, was happening, was following, was being added, was supervening

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, to, over) and the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (to become, to happen). It means to come upon, to happen, to follow, or to be added. It describes something that occurs in addition to or after something else, often implying a consequence or a subsequent event.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-LEH-pon

Translations: difficult, hard, severe, fierce, dangerous, grievous, a difficult thing, a hard thing

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something that is difficult, hard to bear, dangerous, or severe. It can refer to things that are physically challenging, emotionally distressing, or morally objectionable. It is often used to describe situations, tasks, or even people who are harsh or fierce.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to χαλός (chalos), meaning 'loose' or 'slack', implying something that is not easily loosened or overcome.

G1731

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: en-DEIK-sa-me-NOOS

Translations: having shown, having displayed, having demonstrated, those who have shown

Notes: This word is a participle form of the verb 'endeiknymi', meaning 'to show forth', 'to display', 'to demonstrate', or 'to prove'. It is a compound word formed from 'en' (in, among) and 'deiknymi' (to show). As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or verb, indicating that the subject has performed the action of showing or demonstrating something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΊΝΩ, ἈΠΟΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ

G05048

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peer-TI-zeh-toh

Translations: was completed, was finished, was perfected, was brought to an end

Notes: This word is the imperfect passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἀπαρτίζω (apartízo). It means 'to be completed' or 'to be finished'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past and was being brought to completion. It is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, off') and ἀρτίζω (artizo, 'to fit, to prepare').

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ta-ra-KHEE

Translations: trouble, disturbance, a disturbance, agitation, commotion, a commotion

Notes: This word refers to a state of agitation, disturbance, or commotion. It can describe a physical upheaval, a mental or emotional distress, or a general state of disorder. It is often used to describe a tumultuous situation or a feeling of inner turmoil.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ταράσσω (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble, disturb, stir up'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G4280

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EI-pen

Translations: he said before, he foretold, he prophesied, he spoke beforehand

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before', and the verb εἶπον (eîpon), meaning 'I said'. It means to say something in advance, to foretell, or to prophesy. It is used to describe an action of speaking that precedes a future event or a later statement. For example, 'He foretold the events that would happen.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb εἶπον (eîpon), which is the aorist form of λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.

G1718

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-fah-NEE-zes-thai

Translations: to appear, to be manifested, to show oneself, to be revealed, to be made visible, to be shown

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'ἘΜΦΑΝΙΖΩ'. It means 'to appear' or 'to be manifested', indicating that something or someone becomes visible or known. It describes the act of coming into sight or being revealed, often implying a public or clear display.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΥΣΘΑΙ, ΦΑΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐμφανής (emphanḗs, “visible, manifest”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “to show, to appear”).

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: DEH-on

Translations: it is necessary, what is necessary, what is proper, things needed, necessities, a necessity

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to need'. In its neuter singular form (δέον), it functions as an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'it is proper'. When used substantively, it refers to 'that which is necessary' or 'what is proper'. In its neuter plural form (δέοντα), it means 'things needed' or 'necessities'. It describes what is required by duty, custom, or circumstance.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ, ΠΡΕΠΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₁- 'to bind'. In Koine Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' or 'to be necessary' alongside its original meaning of 'to bind'.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: LOY-pon

Translations: remaining, the rest, the remainder, other, finally, henceforth, for the rest

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'other', a noun meaning 'the rest' or 'the remainder', or an adverb meaning 'finally', 'henceforth', or 'for the rest'. As an adjective, it describes what is left over. As a noun, it refers to the remaining portion or people. As an adverb, it introduces a concluding thought or indicates a future time.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-on

Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, royal palace, a royal palace, royal power, reign, royal

Notes: This word primarily functions as a noun meaning 'kingdom,' 'royal palace,' or 'royal power/authority.' It can refer to a literal territory ruled by a king, the physical dwelling of a king, or the abstract concept of royal dominion. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly,' describing something belonging to or characteristic of a king. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as a noun); Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king.' The suffix -ιον (-ion) indicates a place or thing associated with the root.

G3954

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-ray-SEE-ah

Translations: boldness, a boldness, confidence, a confidence, frankness, a frankness, plainness of speech, a plainness of speech, openness, an openness, courage, a courage

Notes: This word refers to the quality of speaking or acting with boldness, frankness, and confidence, especially in public or before authorities. It implies a lack of fear or hesitation in expressing one's thoughts or beliefs. It can be used to describe someone who speaks openly and without reservation, even when facing opposition or danger.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all', and ῥῆσις (rhēsis), meaning 'speech' or 'saying'. Thus, it literally means 'all speech' or 'speaking everything', conveying the idea of unreserved or complete freedom of speech.

G1642

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-LAHT-toh-noss

Translations: (of) less, (of) smaller, (of) inferior

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'less', 'smaller', or 'inferior'. It is used to describe something that is of a lesser quantity, size, or quality compared to something else. It functions similarly to the English comparative adjective 'lesser' or 'smaller'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΗΣΣΩΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek adverb ἔλαττον (elasson), meaning 'less', which is the comparative form of the adjective ἐλαχύς (elachys), meaning 'small'.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nos

Translations: of more, of much, of many, of a greater, of a larger

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the comparative adjective 'πλείων' (pleion), meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a quantity or degree that is larger than something else. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses 'more' or 'a greater amount' of something. For example, 'of more time' or 'of a greater number'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΥ

G1791

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-tro-PEES

Translations: of shame, of disgrace, of reverence, of respect

Notes: This word is a noun that signifies a feeling of shame, disgrace, or embarrassment. It can also refer to a sense of reverence or respect, implying a turning towards something with awe or deference. It is used to describe a state of being humbled or abashed, or a respectful attitude.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑἸΣΧΥΝΗ, ΑἸΔΩΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΤΡΟΠΗ (entropē) comes from the Greek verb ἐντρέπω (entrepō), meaning 'to turn about, to put to shame, to respect'. It is formed from the prefix ἐν- (en-), meaning 'in' or 'on', and τρέπω (trepō), meaning 'to turn'.

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh-then

Translations: from above, from the top, again, anew, from the beginning

Notes: This word is an adverb that can have both a spatial and a temporal meaning. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from the top,' indicating origin or direction from a higher place. Temporally, it means 'again,' 'anew,' or 'from the beginning,' indicating a repetition or a fresh start. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΚ ΠΡΩΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΩΘΕΝ is formed from the adverb ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above,' combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which indicates origin or direction 'from' a place. Thus, it literally means 'from above' or 'from an upper place,' and by extension, 'from the beginning' or 'again'.

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G4242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-BEE-ais

Translations: (to) an embassy, (to) embassies, (to) a delegation, (to) delegations, (to) a message, (to) messages, (to) intercession, (to) intercessions

Notes: This word is a noun in the dative plural case. It refers to an embassy, a delegation, or a message conveyed by such a group. It can also mean intercession, particularly in a religious or diplomatic context. It is used to indicate the recipient or the means by which an action is performed, often translated with 'to' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΕΙΑ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΣΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΣ

G3685

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-NEE-san-tas

Translations: having profited, having benefited, having gained, having helped

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ὀνίνημι. It describes an action of profiting, benefiting, or helping that has been completed prior to the action of the main verb in the sentence. It can be used to describe someone who has gained an advantage or provided assistance.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ὨΦΕΛΗΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΛΥΣΙΤΕΛΗΣΑΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The verb ὀνίνημι is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be useful' or 'to profit'.

G4848

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soom-py-DEH-oo-sahn-tas

Translations: having been educated together, having been brought up together, having been trained together

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb "συμπαιδεύω," meaning "to educate together" or "to bring up together." It describes individuals who have shared a common upbringing, education, or training. It is used to refer to those who were companions in learning or development.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΚΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΥΝΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word "συμπαιδεύω" is a compound word formed from "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and "παιδεύω" (paideuō), meaning "to educate" or "to train." The root "παιδεύω" comes from "παῖς" (pais), meaning "child."

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: es-KHAY-koh-tas

Translations: having, possessing, holding, those who have, those who possess

Notes: This word is a perfect participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has completed the action of having or possessing. It can be translated as 'having' or 'those who have/possess' and is often used to introduce a clause that provides more information about the subject's state of possession or condition.

Inflection: Perfect Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔχω' (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating possession, state, or condition.

G3868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ee-TEE-sah-toh

Translations: he begged off, he excused himself, he refused, he declined, he entreated, he deprecated

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist middle indicative, third person singular. It means to beg off, excuse oneself, refuse, or decline. It can also mean to entreat or deprecate, especially to avert something by entreaty. It is often used when someone seeks to be excused from a duty or avoids something undesirable.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΤΑΣΣΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΑΙΤΕΩ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAIS

Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave

Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.

G4914

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: soon-AY-thays

Translations: customary, usual, habitual, common, ordinary, a customary thing, a usual thing

Notes: This word describes something that is customary, usual, or habitual. It refers to practices, behaviors, or things that are common or ordinary due to repeated occurrence or tradition. It can be used to describe a person who is accustomed to something, or a thing that is commonly done or seen.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΘΙΜΟΣ, ΕΙΩΘΩΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: From σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ἔθος (ethos), meaning 'custom' or 'habit'. It literally means 'having the same custom' or 'being together in habit'.

G1987

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-is-TAH-men-os

Translations: knowing, understanding, being acquainted with, being skilled in, being experienced in

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'epistamai', meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes someone who possesses knowledge, skill, or understanding in a particular area. It can be used to describe a person who is knowledgeable, skilled, or experienced.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΕΙΔΩΣ, ΣΥΝΙΩΝ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G3809

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pai-DEI-ah

Translations: discipline, instruction, training, education, correction, chastening, a discipline, an instruction

Notes: This word refers to the process of training, educating, or disciplining someone, often with the aim of moral or intellectual improvement. It can encompass both positive instruction and corrective punishment, much like the English word 'discipline'. It is used to describe the upbringing and guidance of children, as well as the spiritual training or correction from God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΝΟΥΘΕΣΙΑ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'παιδεύω' (paideuō), meaning 'to train, to educate', which in turn comes from 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child'. The word thus relates to the upbringing and instruction of children.

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-GEG-oh-nay

Translations: has arrived, has come, has become present, has been present

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai, 'to become, to come into being'). It means to arrive, to come, or to be present. In the perfect tense, as seen here, it indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present, meaning 'has arrived' or 'has been present'. It is used to describe someone or something that has come to a particular place or state.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, strength, power, might, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word can refer to the city of Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire. It can also mean 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might,' referring to physical or moral force. In the context of strength, it describes the inherent ability or vigor to accomplish something. It can be used to describe the strength of a person, an animal, or even a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥώμη (rhōmē) meaning 'strength' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). The city name 'Rome' (Ῥώμη) is thought to be derived from this word, implying 'the city of strength' or 'the strong city'.

G4926

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-dee-eh-TREE-ben

Translations: spent time with, associated with, lived with, abode with

Notes: This word means to spend time with someone or to associate with them. It is a compound word formed from three parts: σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together'; διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout'; and τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear out'. Together, these parts convey the idea of wearing out time in the company of others, hence 'spending time with' or 'associating with'. It is used to describe prolonged interaction or cohabitation.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition σύν (syn, 'with, together'), the preposition διά (dia, 'through, throughout'), and the verb τρίβω (tribō, 'to rub, to wear out'). The combination suggests the idea of 'wearing out time together' or 'spending time through' with someone.

G0590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-dee-MEE-ahn

Translations: a journey abroad, a going abroad, a departure, a sojourn, an absence

Notes: This word refers to a journey away from one's own country or home, often implying a prolonged stay or absence. It can describe a trip abroad, a sojourn in a foreign land, or simply a departure from one's usual residence. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'δῆμος' (people, country).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΙΠΟΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀποδημέω (apodēméō, “to go abroad”), from ἀπό (apó, “away from”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “people, country”).

G2234

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: HAY-deh-ohs

Translations: gladly, cheerfully, with pleasure, willingly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'gladly' or 'with pleasure'. It describes an action that is performed willingly, joyfully, or with a sense of delight. It indicates a positive disposition towards the action being taken.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word Ἡδέως is derived from the adjective Ἡδύς (hēdys), meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. It describes something that is agreeable or delightful.

G5501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHEI-ron

Translations: worse, a worse thing, inferior, more evil

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective meaning 'worse' or 'inferior'. It is used to describe something that is of a lower quality, more evil, or in a more disadvantageous state compared to something else. It can function as a predicate adjective or an attributive adjective, often appearing with a genitive of comparison.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΩΝ, ΗΤΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'χείρων' is the comparative form of the adjective 'κακός' (bad, evil). Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek word used to express a comparative degree of negativity or inferiority.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G0794

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-SEE-mohn

Translations: of insignificant, of obscure, of unknown, of ignoble, of undistinguished

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἄσημος' (asēmos). It describes something or someone as being insignificant, obscure, unknown, or ignoble. In context, it often appears with a negative particle (like 'οὐκ' or 'οὐ') to mean 'not insignificant,' thus implying 'notable,' 'prominent,' or 'distinguished.' It is used to describe a group of people or things that lack importance or recognition.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ἈΦΑΝΗΣ, ἈΤΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἄσημος' is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without,' and 'σῆμα' (sēma), meaning 'sign' or 'mark.' Thus, it literally means 'without a mark' or 'unmarked,' leading to the sense of being undistinguished or insignificant.

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, unto, even to

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, conjunction, or adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' and is typically followed by the genitive case. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while', introducing a clause that specifies a time limit. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It denotes a point or period that something reaches or continues.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toh-SOO-tone

Translations: of so great, of so many, of such, of so much

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'so great,' 'so many,' or 'such.' It is used to indicate a large quantity or degree of something, often emphasizing the extent. It can be used to describe both countable and uncountable nouns.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek words ΤΟΣΟΣ (tos-os), meaning 'so much, so great,' and ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos), meaning 'this, that.'

G3954

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-ray-SEE-an

Translations: boldness, confidence, frankness, freedom of speech, a boldness, a confidence

Notes: This word refers to the quality of speaking or acting with boldness, confidence, and frankness, often implying a lack of fear or hesitation. It can describe the freedom to speak openly, especially in public or before authorities, or a general sense of confidence and assurance. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-sthai

Translations: to be able, to have power, to be strong, can

Notes: This is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'δύναμαι'. It means 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is often used in constructions where one expresses the ability or capacity to do something, similar to the English 'can' or 'to be able to'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: From the root 'δύναμαι', meaning 'to be able'. It is related to 'δύναμις' (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'.

G2967

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-LOO-ayn

Translations: to hinder, to prevent, to forbid, to restrain, to keep back

Notes: This verb means to hinder, prevent, or forbid someone from doing something. It can be used to describe an action that stops or impedes another action or person. For example, one might hinder someone from entering a place, or prevent an event from occurring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: From Koine Greek κωλύω (kōlúō), meaning 'to hinder, prevent'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to κῶλον (kōlon), meaning 'limb, member', perhaps implying a 'crippling' or 'impeding' action.

G3858

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ee-ROO-meh-nos

Translations: taking away, removing, cutting off, withdrawing, one who takes away

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'from') and 'αἱρέω' (haireō, meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'). As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the process of taking away, removing, or cutting off. It can refer to the act of withdrawing something or someone from a situation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tohn

Translations: (of) all, (of) everyone, (of) everything

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΠΑΣ' (apas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, a prefix indicating totality or completeness) and 'πας' (pas, meaning 'all' or 'every'). As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship for multiple entities, often translated as 'of all' or 'concerning all'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound of the intensive prefix ἀ- (a-) and the word πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The prefix ἀ- intensifies the meaning of 'all' to 'the whole' or 'everyone without exception'.

G0159

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ahee-TEE-os

Translations: responsible, cause, author, guilty, a cause, a guilty one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is the cause or origin of an event or state, often implying responsibility or blame. It can be used as an adjective to describe someone as 'responsible' or 'guilty', or as a noun meaning 'the cause' or 'the author' of something. It is frequently used in legal or moral contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΣ, ΕΝΟΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word αἰτία (aitia), meaning 'cause, reason, blame'.

G0493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tros

Translations: Antipas, Antipater

Notes: This is a masculine proper noun, referring to a personal name. It was a common name in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, borne by several historical figures, including a son of Herod the Great (Herod Antipas). It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Greek origin, meaning 'like the father' or 'instead of the father'. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G3552

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: neh-no-SEE-koss

Translations: sick, ill, diseased, having been sick, having become ill

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'νοσέω' (noseō), meaning 'to be sick' or 'to be ill'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has already become sick or is in a state of illness. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the sick man'), or nominally, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who has been sick').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ, ΚΑΚΩΣ ΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word νοσέω (noseō) comes from νόσος (nosos), meaning 'sickness' or 'disease'. It describes the state of being afflicted by an illness.

G2626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-MAH-then

Translations: learned thoroughly, understood fully, discovered, perceived, found out

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly') and the verb μανθάνω (manthanō, meaning 'to learn'). It signifies learning or understanding something completely, thoroughly, or by careful observation. It implies gaining full knowledge or discovering a fact after investigation. It is used to describe someone who has fully grasped a situation or discovered a truth.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΝΩΝ, ΕΥΡΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΛΑΒΟΝ

G1597

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ek-PAH-lai

Translations: from of old, long ago, for a long time, of long standing

Notes: This adverb means 'from of old' or 'long ago'. It is used to describe something that has existed or occurred for a considerable period of time, indicating a past origin or a long duration. It can modify verbs or adjectives to emphasize the ancient or long-standing nature of an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the adverb πάλαι (palai), meaning 'long ago' or 'formerly'.

G4887

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-ed-REH-oon

Translations: presiding, sitting with, sitting together, being a member of a council

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'presiding' or 'sitting together with'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in sitting with others, often in a formal or official capacity, such as being a member of a council or assembly. It implies participation in a deliberative body.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ, ΣΥΓΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΔΡΕΥΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΕΔΡΕΥΩ (edreuo), meaning 'to sit' or 'to be seated'.

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-E-kee-toh

Translations: was devoted, was attached, was engaged, was applied, was added, was near, was adjacent

Notes: This word describes a state of being devoted, attached, or engaged to something or someone. It implies a close proximity, adherence, or dedication. It can also mean to be added to something, or to lie near or be adjacent to something. In the provided examples, it conveys a sense of being intently focused on or engaged in an action or situation.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word προσκείμαι (proskeimai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb κεῖμαι (keimai), meaning 'to lie, to be placed'. Thus, it literally means 'to lie toward' or 'to be placed near', evolving to mean 'to be devoted to' or 'to be attached to'.

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TEH-khein

Translations: to hold fast, to hold out, to cling to, to be loyal to, to resist, to endure, to persevere, to stand firm

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἀντέχω (antéchō). It means 'to hold fast to' or 'to cling to' something, often implying loyalty, steadfastness, or resistance. It can also mean 'to endure' or 'to persevere' in a difficult situation, or 'to stand firm' against opposition. It is often used with the dative case to indicate what one is holding fast to or resisting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-nohn

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being strong, of being capable, of those who are able, of those who are powerful, of those who are strong, of those who are capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who are able' or 'of those who are powerful'. It can be used to describe the capabilities or strength of a group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G5261

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pex-ahee-re-THEY-een

Translations: might be taken out from under, might be removed, might be excepted, might be rescued

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (under), 'ἐκ' (out of), and 'αἱρέω' (to take, choose). It means to take out from under, to remove, to except, or to rescue. This specific form indicates a potential or hypothetical action, suggesting something that 'might' or 'could' happen.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three parts: 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under'; 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from'; and 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The combination suggests the action of taking something out from under something else.

G0575

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-peh-lah-THEN-tohn

Translations: of those driven away, of those expelled, of those banished

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ἀπελαύνω, meaning 'to drive away,' 'to expel,' or 'to banish.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of being driven away. In this form, it refers to a group of people who have been expelled or banished.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΒΑΛΛΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΙΩΚΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soos

Translations: as many as, as much as, as great as, how many, how much, how great

Notes: This word is a correlative or relative adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'as much as'. It is used to indicate quantity or extent in relation to something else. It often introduces a clause that specifies the number or amount of something, similar to how 'whoever' or 'whatever' might be used in English for people or things. For example, it can be used to say 'as many people as...' or 'as much money as...'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

G0931

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-SAH-noys

Translations: torments, tortures, pains, tests, trials

Notes: This word refers to extreme pain, suffering, or distress, often inflicted as a punishment or a means of interrogation. It can also refer to a test or trial, especially one that is severe or agonizing. It is a compound word, but its parts are not easily separable into distinct meanings for a layperson.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑΙ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to rub' or 'to test by rubbing a touchstone'. It came to mean a touchstone, then the testing by a touchstone, and finally the torture used to extract information.

G0350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEK-ree-nen

Translations: he was examining, he was questioning, he was investigating, he was inquiring, he was judging

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἈΝΑΚΡΙΝΩ'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to examine, question, investigate, or inquire into something, often with the aim of making a judgment or discerning the truth. It implies a thorough and careful scrutiny.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἘΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ἘΡΩΤΑΩ

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tol-MAY-then

Translations: dared, having dared, having been dared, ventured, having ventured, having been ventured

Notes: ΤΟΛΜΗΘΕΝ is a participle derived from the verb ΤΟΛΜΑΩ, meaning 'to dare' or 'to venture'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, describing an action that has been completed. In this form, it indicates an action that was dared or ventured by someone, or something that was dared or ventured. It is often used to describe a bold or audacious act.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DAY-ee-san

Translations: they might know, they would know, they might perceive, they would perceive

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. It describes an action of knowing or understanding something, often implying a potential or hypothetical situation. It is used to express what a group of people might know or would know.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- meaning 'to see, to know'. It is related to Latin 'videre' (to see) and English 'wit' (knowledge).

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G5379

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-nee-KEE-as

Translations: of strife, of contention, of rivalry, of dispute, of ambition, of a love of contention

Notes: This word refers to a contentious spirit, a love of argument or dispute, or a desire to be first or superior. It describes a state of rivalry or contention, often implying a quarrelsome or ambitious disposition. It is used to describe situations where people are in conflict or are striving against each other.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ, ΖΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΟΝΕΙΚΙΑ (philoneikia) is a compound word derived from ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'fond of', and ΝΕΙΚΟΣ (neikos), meaning 'strife' or 'quarrel'. Thus, it literally means 'love of strife' or 'fondness for contention'.

G0159

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ai-TI-on

Translations: cause, a cause, reason, a reason, responsible, guilty, blame

Notes: This word refers to the cause or reason for something, or someone who is responsible or guilty for an action or outcome. It can function as both a noun, meaning 'a cause' or 'a reason,' and as an adjective, meaning 'responsible' or 'guilty.' It is often used to identify the origin or source of an event or state.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΙΑ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΑΡΧΗ

Etymology: The word originates from the Greek verb αἰτέω (aitéō), meaning 'to ask, beg, or demand.' Over time, it evolved to refer to that which is asked for or demanded as a reason or cause.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-on

Translations: such as, of what kind, what sort of, as, like, a such thing, a what sort of thing

Notes: ΟΙΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΟΙΟΣ. It is used to introduce a comparison, meaning 'such as' or 'as', or to ask about the quality or nature of something, meaning 'of what kind' or 'what sort of'. It can also function as a demonstrative, referring to something of a specific kind.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΙΑ, ΟΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (this) or the interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ (who, what).

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-RIS-koy-toh

Translations: might be found, might be discovered, might be obtained, might be perceived

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'heuriskō', meaning 'to find', 'to discover', or 'to obtain'. In this specific form, it conveys a potential or hypothetical action, suggesting something 'might be found' or 'might be discovered'. It is often used in contexts where a search or inquiry is implied, and the outcome is uncertain or conditional.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Middle/Passive Voice, Optative Mood, Present Tense

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-ee-nos

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty, powerful, clever, skillful, a terrible, a dreadful

Notes: This adjective describes something as terrible, dreadful, or fearful, often implying a sense of awe or danger. It can also mean mighty or powerful, indicating great strength or influence. In some contexts, it can even refer to someone who is clever or skillful, particularly in a way that is impressive or formidable. It is used to qualify nouns, describing their nature or quality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to fear' or 'to dread'. It is related to words expressing terror or power.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G0423

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NAI-tee-on

Translations: guiltless, innocent, blameless, a guiltless thing, an innocent thing, a blameless thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without blame or fault. It is used to indicate that a person or action is not responsible for a wrongdoing or a negative outcome. For example, it can refer to an innocent person or an act that is free from culpability.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΘΩΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΙΤΙΟΣ (anaitios) is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and αἴτιος (aitios), meaning 'responsible' or 'culpable'. Thus, it literally means 'without responsibility' or 'without blame'.

G1466

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eng-KRAH-ti-an

Translations: self-control, temperance, self-restraint, a self-control, a temperance, a self-restraint

Notes: This word refers to the virtue of self-control, particularly in regard to one's desires and passions. It implies a mastery over one's impulses and appetites, leading to a disciplined and moderate lifestyle. It is often used in contexts relating to moral discipline and ethical conduct.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ (enkrateia) comes from the Greek prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'power over oneself' or 'mastery within'.

G2042

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-pah-ROX-oo-nai

Translations: to exasperate, to provoke, to stir up, to irritate, to embitter

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἘΠΙ- (epi-, meaning 'upon, in addition to') and the verb ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ (paroxynō, meaning 'to provoke, irritate'). It means to greatly exasperate, to provoke intensely, or to stir up strong feelings of anger or bitterness in someone. It describes an action that causes a person to become very angry or resentful.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ, ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΓΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ (paroxynō), meaning 'to sharpen, to provoke, to irritate'. The combination intensifies the meaning of provocation.

G2990

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lan-THA-non

Translations: being hidden, escaping notice, unnoticed, secretly, unknown, a hidden one

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'λανθάνω' (lanthanō), meaning 'to escape notice' or 'to be hidden'. It describes an action that is ongoing and done without being observed or known. It can be used to describe someone or something that is acting secretly or remaining unnoticed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΦΑΝΗΣ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEH-ee

Translations: might know, would know, should know, might perceive, would perceive, should perceive

Notes: ΕἸΔΕΙΗ is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. It is used to express a wish, a potential action, or a hypothetical situation. In a sentence, it would indicate that someone 'might know' or 'would know' something, often depending on a condition.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Optative, Active, Aorist

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΟἾΔΑ (oida) is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning, derived from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to the English word 'wit' and 'wise'.

G3495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: neh-ah-NIS-kon

Translations: young man, a young man, youth

Notes: This word refers to a young man or a youth. It is often used to describe someone who is in the prime of their life, typically between adolescence and early adulthood. It can be used in a general sense to refer to any young male.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΝΕΑΝΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΕΑΝΙΣΚΟΣ (neaniskos) is a diminutive of ΝΕΑΝΙΑΣ (neanias), which means 'young man', derived from ΝΕΟΣ (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: LEH-gon-tah

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, relating, those saying, those speaking, those telling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing an action being performed. In this form, it indicates 'those who are saying' or 'things being said', often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the state of someone speaking.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΑ, ΦΘΕΓΓΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G4178

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LAK-is

Translations: often, many times, frequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'often' or 'frequently'. It is used to indicate that an action or event occurs on numerous occasions. For example, one might say 'he often visits' or 'it frequently happens'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΧΝΩΣ, ΠΟΛΛΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΛΛΑΚΙΣ' is derived from the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', combined with the adverbial suffix '-κις' (-kis), which denotes 'times' or 'on occasions'.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G1867

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ai-NOO-men-os

Translations: praised, being praised, commendable, laudable, a praised one, a commendable one

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'ἐπαινέω' (epaineō), meaning 'to praise' or 'to commend'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is currently being praised or is worthy of praise. It can be used to describe a person who is commended or an action that is laudable.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΦΗΜΟΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TOO-khee

Translations: fortune, luck, chance, a fortune, a chance

Notes: This word refers to fortune, luck, or chance, often implying an outcome that is not necessarily determined by human will or divine intervention, but rather by random events. It can be used to describe good or bad fortune, or simply the way things happen to turn out.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen, to obtain, to meet with'. It refers to that which 'happens' or 'falls to one's lot'.

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G2154

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: YOOS-toh-khos

Translations: well-aimed, accurate, skillful, successful, a well-aimed, an accurate, a skillful, a successful

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'well-aimed' or 'accurate'. It describes something that hits its mark, either literally (like an arrow) or figuratively (like a statement or action that is appropriate and effective). It can also imply skill or success in achieving a goal.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΙΒΗΣ, ΕΠΙΤΥΧΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΣΤΟΧΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΣΤΟΧΟΣ (stochos), meaning 'aim' or 'target'. Thus, it literally means 'having a good aim'.

G243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAHL-lah

Translations: the others, the rest, other things

Notes: This word is a contraction of the definite article 'τά' (the) and the adjective/pronoun 'ἄλλα' (other, different). It refers to 'the other things' or 'the rest' in a neuter plural sense. It is used to indicate the remaining items or people in a group, or things that are distinct from those already mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΛΟΙΠΑ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΑ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kah

Translations: evil things, bad things, evils, misfortunes, troubles, a bad thing, an evil thing

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. As 'ΚΑΚΑ', it typically functions as a neuter plural noun or adjective, referring to 'evil things', 'bad things', 'misfortunes', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are morally wrong, harmful, or unpleasant. For example, it can be used to speak of calamities or wicked deeds.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΑ, ΦΑΥΛΑ, ΒΛΑΒΕΡΑ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G0091

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AKH-thes-thai

Translations: to be grieved, to be vexed, to be annoyed, to be distressed, to be burdened

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive of the verb ἄχθομαι (achthomai). It describes the state of being burdened, distressed, or annoyed by something. It implies a feeling of heaviness or displeasure, often in response to an external event or situation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΒΑΡΥΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΔΥΣΧΕΡΑΙΝΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ἄχθομαι (achthomai) is derived from ἄχθος (achthos), meaning 'a burden' or 'a load'. It conveys the sense of being weighed down or oppressed.

G5354

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fthoh-NEH-in

Translations: to envy, to begrudge, to be jealous

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to envy' or 'to begrudge'. It describes the feeling of discontent or resentment aroused by another person's possessions, qualities, or luck. It can also mean to be unwilling to give or allow something to someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΩ, ΒΑΣΚΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From φθόνος (phthonos), meaning 'envy' or 'jealousy'. Its origin is uncertain, possibly related to φθάνω (phthanō), 'to anticipate, to be before'.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-pa-TON

Translations: walking, going about, living, conducting oneself, one who walks, while walking

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ' (peripateō), meaning 'to walk around' or 'to go about'. It describes an action that is ongoing. In a broader sense, it can refer to one's manner of life or conduct, indicating how someone lives or behaves. It is often used to describe someone who is literally walking, but can also be used metaphorically for one's spiritual or moral journey.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G4958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soos-TEL-lain

Translations: to contract, to draw together, to shorten, to restrict, to furl, to pack up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (STELLŌ), meaning 'to send' or 'to arrange'. Therefore, it literally means 'to send together' or 'to draw together'. It is used to describe the action of contracting, drawing something into a smaller space, shortening, or restricting. It can also refer to furling sails or packing up belongings.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΣΠΑΣΘΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΚΕΙΝ, ΣΥΝΤΕΜΝΕΙΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-thai-REIN

Translations: to pull down, to tear down, to destroy, to overthrow, to depose, to purify, to cleanse

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'). It generally means to bring something down, whether literally like a building, or figuratively like a ruler from power. It can also refer to the act of purifying or cleansing, especially in a ritual or moral sense, by removing impurities.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEI-zohn

Translations: greater, larger, mightier, more important

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'greater' or 'larger'. It is used to indicate a higher degree of size, importance, or quantity when comparing two or more things. It can also imply superiority or preeminence.

Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great'. It is the irregular comparative form of this adjective.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-RAH-sthai

Translations: to see, to perceive, to look, to behold, to appear, to be seen

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ΟΡΑΩ', meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. In the middle voice, it can mean 'to see for oneself' or 'to look at oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be seen' or 'to appear'. It is used to express the action of seeing or appearing without specifying a subject, often functioning as a complement to another verb.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΑΟΜΑΙ

G5115

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: tox-EH-oo-ohn

Translations: shooting, firing (arrows), bowing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'τοξεύω' (toxéuō), meaning 'to shoot with a bow' or 'to fire arrows'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action, often functioning like an adjective or adverb, indicating someone who is in the act of shooting or firing arrows. For example, it could be used to describe 'the one shooting' or 'while shooting'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩΝ, ΡΙΠΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G3918

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-RON-tos

Translations: of being present, of being at hand, of being here, of the present

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. It describes someone or something that is currently in a particular place or situation. In English, it often translates as 'of one who is present' or 'of the present (time/thing)', depending on the context. It can function adjectivally or substantively.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ

G4496

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: RIP-tayn

Translations: to throw, to cast, to hurl, to fling

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ΡΙΠΤΩ'. It means to throw, cast, or hurl something, often with force or violence. It can be used in various contexts, such as throwing an object, casting lots, or even throwing oneself down.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: From an intensive form of the root of ῥέπω (rhépō, "to turn the scale, incline"). It originally meant to throw down or cast off.

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-tee-MEE-ahn

Translations: ambition, a desire for honor, a love of honor, a love of distinction, zeal, eagerness, a desire to excel, a desire to be first

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire for honor, distinction, or preeminence. It can denote ambition, zeal, or eagerness to achieve something, often with a positive connotation of striving for excellence. It is a compound word derived from 'φίλος' (philos, meaning 'dear' or 'loving') and 'τιμή' (timē, meaning 'honor' or 'value'). In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh-nye

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb ΟἾΔΑ, meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is used to express the act of knowing or having knowledge about something. For example, it can be used in constructions like 'I want to know' or 'it is good to know'.

Inflection: Perfect Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΟἾΔΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to primarily mean 'to know' through observation or experience, often implying a state of knowing rather than the process of learning.

G1080

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-gen-NEE-koh-toss

Translations: (of) the one who has begotten, (of) the one who has fathered, (of) the one who has produced, (of) the one who has given birth

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'gennao'. It refers to 'the one who has begotten' or 'the one who has given birth'. It describes someone who has completed the act of bringing something or someone into existence, often referring to a parent or originator. It is used to show possession or relationship, indicating 'of' or 'belonging to' the one who has performed the action.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΟΝΤΟΣ, ΦΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'gennao' comes from the Greek word 'genos', meaning 'race, stock, kin'. It refers to the act of procreation or bringing forth.

G2102

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: yoo-doh-kee-MOON-tohn

Translations: of those who are well-regarded, of those who are approved, of those who are esteemed, of those who are successful

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'of those who are well-regarded' or 'of those who are approved'. It describes individuals who are held in high esteem, are successful, or have gained approval. It is used to refer to a group of people who are currently in a state of being well-regarded or successful.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΩΝ, ἘΠΑΙΝΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΥ̓ΦΗΜΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zoh-meh-noh

Translations: to the one being tormented, to the one being tortured, to the one being tested, to the one being vexed, to the one being harassed

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being tormented' or 'being tortured'. It describes someone or something that is currently undergoing torment, torture, or severe testing. As a participle, it functions like an adjective modifying a noun, or can stand alone as a substantive (acting as a noun), referring to 'the one who is being tormented'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΟΜΕΝΩ, ΤΙΜΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΩ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LO-go

Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G4369

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-ghi-NO-me-nays

Translations: (of) coming to, (of) accruing, (of) being added, (of) happening in addition, (of) joining

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, indicating an action that is ongoing or happening to the subject. It means 'coming to,' 'being added,' or 'accruing.' It is often used to describe something that is joining, happening in addition, or becoming available to someone or something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward,' and the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being.'

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ET-ith-ay

Translations: was adding, used to add, kept adding, was putting to, was giving in addition, was continuing

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, place'). It means 'to add to', 'to put to', 'to give in addition', or 'to continue'. The form ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙΘΕΙ is an imperfect active indicative, third person singular, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as 'he/she/it was adding' or 'he/she/it used to add'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound verb derived from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put, place, set'. The combination signifies placing something in addition to or toward something else.

G4900

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soon-ER-gon

Translations: working with, cooperating, helping, a fellow worker, a helper, a co-worker

Notes: This word describes someone or something that works together with another, or contributes to a common effort. It can refer to a person who is a colleague or an assistant, or to a thing that serves as an aid or instrument in achieving a goal. It emphasizes the idea of collaboration or joint action.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΡΑΚΤΩΡ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun ΕΡΓΟΝ (ERGON), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'working together'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G0713

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-TO-boo-lon

Translations: Aristobulus

Notes: This is a Greek proper name, meaning 'best counsel' or 'best advisor'. It was a common name in antiquity, borne by several historical figures, including members of the Herodian dynasty and a Jewish high priest. In a sentence, it would refer to a specific individual named Aristobulus, often as the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Aristobulus is derived from the Greek words 'aristos' (ἄριστος), meaning 'best' or 'excellent', and 'boulē' (βουλή), meaning 'counsel' or 'advice'.

G3039

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: LOKH-ay-sas

Translations: having ambushed, having lain in wait, having set an ambush

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λοχέω' (locheō), meaning 'to lie in wait' or 'to set an ambush'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb, often functioning adverbially to indicate cause, time, or manner. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'Having ambushed the enemy, he attacked them.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΔΡΕΥΣΑΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΥΛΕΥΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb 'λοχέω' (locheō) comes from 'λόχος' (lochos), meaning 'an ambush' or 'a company of soldiers'. 'Λόχος' itself is related to 'λέχος' (lechos), meaning 'a bed' or 'a couch', suggesting the idea of lying down or lying hidden.

G1899

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-pei-DAN

Translations: when, whenever, after, since

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a temporal clause, meaning 'when' or 'whenever', indicating a point in time or a recurring event. It can also introduce a causal clause, meaning 'since' or 'because'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπεί' (epei) meaning 'when, since' and 'ἄν' (an), a particle that often indicates potentiality or indefiniteness.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ὍΤΑΝ, ὍΤΕ, ἘΠΕΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΕΙΔΑΝ is a compound of the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei), meaning 'when' or 'since', and the particle ἈΝ (an), which adds a sense of indefiniteness or potentiality to the clause it introduces.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: prakh-THEE

Translations: was done, was accomplished, was performed, was brought about

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past, where the subject of the verb is the recipient of the action, meaning something 'was done' or 'was accomplished' by someone or something else.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G3409

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEM-feh-toh

Translations: was blaming, was finding fault, was complaining, was reproaching

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ. It means to blame, find fault with, complain about, or reproach someone or something. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. In the middle voice, the subject is performing the action for themselves or on themselves, or participating in the result, while in the passive voice, the subject is receiving the action.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ is derived from the Greek root μέμφομαι, meaning 'to blame, censure, find fault'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek word.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-NEH-mon-tah

Translations: assigning, distributing, allotting, giving, rendering

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'assigning,' 'distributing,' or 'allotting.' It describes an action of giving or rendering something to someone or something. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to assign.' Thus, it conveys the idea of distributing or assigning something away from oneself or to a specific recipient.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ

G4316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PROS-oh-don

Translations: approach, income, revenue, access, an approach, an income, a revenue, an access

Notes: This word refers to an approach, an arrival, or a coming towards something. It can also mean income or revenue, particularly in a financial context. In a sentence, it might describe the act of drawing near to a place or person, or the financial gain received from a source.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΙΣΦΟΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with', and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way, road, journey'. Thus, it literally means 'a way towards' or 'a coming towards'.

G5342

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: feh-ROO-san

Translations: carrying, bearing, bringing, enduring, producing, leading, a carrying, a bearing, a bringing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action of 'carrying' or 'bearing'. It can describe someone or something that is actively engaged in carrying, bringing, or enduring something. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΟΥΣΑΝ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΥΣΑΝ

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-sen

Translations: it seemed good, it seemed best, it was decided, it pleased, it was thought, it was resolved

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided'. It is often used impersonally to express a decision or a consensus, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or pleasing to someone or a group. For example, 'it seemed good to them' or 'it was decided by the council'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G4103

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PIS-ton

Translations: faithful, a faithful one, trustworthy, a trustworthy one, reliable, a reliable one, true, a true one, sure, a sure one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning faithful, trustworthy, or reliable. It describes someone or something that can be depended upon, is true to their word, or is steadfast in their character or actions. It can be used to describe people, things, or even concepts, indicating their reliability or truthfulness.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΕΓΓΥΟΣ

G4815

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, seizing, arresting, conceiving, helping, assisting

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'συλλαμβάνω' (syllambanō). It means 'taking together,' 'seizing,' 'arresting,' 'conceiving' (as in becoming pregnant), or 'helping/assisting.' It describes an action that has been completed and often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or manner of the main verb's action. For example, 'having seized the man, he led him away.'

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

G1210

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-sen

Translations: he bound, he tied, he imprisoned, he put in chains

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind,' 'to tie,' or 'to imprison.' It describes an action completed in the past by a single subject, indicating that 'he' or 'she' bound, tied, or imprisoned something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ, ΔΕΣΜΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G0861

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OW-this

Translations: again, anew, back, once more, furthermore, on the other hand

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'anew'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a contrasting idea, similar to 'furthermore' or 'on the other hand'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΤΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek αὖθις (authis), meaning 'again', 'back again'. It is related to αὖ (au), meaning 'again', 'furthermore'.

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-LEH-pos

Translations: difficult, hard, harsh, dangerous, fierce, grievous, painful, severe, a difficult, a hard, a harsh, a dangerous, a fierce, a grievous, a painful, a severe

Notes: This word describes something that is difficult, hard to bear, or dangerous. It can also refer to a person who is harsh, fierce, or cruel. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a challenging or severe quality.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ, ΠΙΚΡΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to be heavy'.

G0027

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-GAN

Translations: very much, exceedingly, too much, greatly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'very much' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb, indicating a high degree or excess of something. For example, it could be used to describe someone who is 'very much' afraid or something that is 'exceedingly' beautiful.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥ, ΛΙΑΝ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: This word is derived from the ancient Greek word ἄγαν, meaning 'very much' or 'exceedingly'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'driving' or 'pushing' to an extreme.

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-koss

Translations: having believed, one who has believed, trusted, faithful

Notes: This is the perfect active participle of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the one having believed'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the believer').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ

G0342

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-loh-ghee-ZOH-meh-noh

Translations: to one considering, to one reflecting, to one reckoning, considering, reflecting, reckoning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀναλογίζομαι', meaning 'to consider', 'to reflect upon', or 'to reckon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone or something. In this form, it indicates an ongoing action of considering or reflecting.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative Case, Singular Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναλογίζομαι is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon' or 'to consider'. It implies a process of careful and thorough consideration.

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-on

Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, proper, a worthy thing, a fitting thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'worthy,' 'deserving,' or 'fitting.' It is used to describe something or someone that is of appropriate value, merit, or suitability for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used to say that something is 'worthy of' something else, often followed by a genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ (axios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ag- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to the idea of weighing or balancing, thus leading to the sense of 'having weight' or 'being worthy'.

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEES

Translations: of a plot, of a conspiracy, of a design, of a scheme, of an ambush

Notes: This word refers to a plot, conspiracy, or treacherous design, often with malicious intent. It describes a secret plan or scheme, typically to harm someone or achieve an illicit goal. It is used to describe the nature of such a plan.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΜΗΧΑΝΗ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ (epiboulē) is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the noun ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē), meaning 'counsel', 'plan', or 'will'. Thus, it literally means 'a plan against' or 'a counsel upon'.

G5316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PHAI-neh-toh

Translations: appeared, was appearing, seemed, was seeming

Notes: This word is the third person singular, imperfect tense, middle or passive voice, indicative mood of the verb 'φαίνω' (phainō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means 'it appeared' or 'it was appearing,' referring to something coming into view or becoming visible. It can also mean 'it seemed' or 'it was seeming,' indicating that something gave a particular impression or appearance.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΟΡΑΩ

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-tee-MEE-ai

Translations: ambition, a love of honor, a desire for honor, a desire for distinction, a zeal, a rivalry, a generous act, a benefaction, a liberality

Notes: This word refers to a love of honor or distinction, often implying ambition or a desire to excel. It can also denote a generous act or a benefaction, stemming from a desire to be honored or to show liberality. In some contexts, it can imply rivalry or zeal. It is a compound word, combining 'φίλος' (philos, 'loving') and 'τιμή' (timē, 'honor').

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΝΕΙΚΙΑ, ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΕΥΕΡΓΕΣΙΑ

G3729

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hor-MAHN

Translations: to rush, to urge on, to set in motion, to impel

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁρμάω'. It means to rush forward, to move with impetuosity, or to set something in motion. It can also mean to urge someone on or to incite them to action. It describes a forceful or sudden movement or a strong impulse.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the root 'ὁρμή' (hormē), meaning 'a rapid motion, a start, an impulse'.

G0545

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-pee-tha-NON

Translations: implausible, unconvincing, incredible, improbable, unbelievable

Notes: This word describes something that is not persuasive or believable. It is used to indicate that an argument, statement, or event lacks credibility or is highly unlikely to be true. It can be used in a sentence to describe a story or claim that seems too far-fetched to be accepted.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΙΘΑΝΟΝ is derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the adjective πιθανός (pithanos), meaning 'persuasive' or 'plausible'.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-KSEE-oo

Translations: was thinking worthy, was deeming worthy, was demanding, was asking, was requesting, was claiming, was expecting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or repeatedly considering something worthy, or making a request or demand. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a belief that one has a right to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G3892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-no-MEE-as

Translations: of lawlessness, of iniquity, of transgression, of a lawlessness, of an iniquity, of a transgression

Notes: This word refers to the state or act of being without law, or acting contrary to law. It signifies lawlessness, iniquity, or transgression. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It is used to describe actions or a state of being that goes against established laws, whether divine or human.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ

G5039

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tek-MEH-ree-on

Translations: proof, evidence, sign, a proof, an evidence

Notes: This word refers to a sure sign or a conclusive proof, something that provides undeniable evidence. It is used to denote a definitive indication or demonstration of a fact or truth. For example, one might present 'tekmerion' to support an argument or to show that something is true.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb τεκμαίρομαι (tekmairomai), meaning 'to fix a limit, determine, judge,' which is related to τέκμαρ (tekmar), meaning 'a fixed mark, goal, or sign.' The word thus conveys the idea of something that serves as a definitive marker or indicator.

G5356

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fee-loh-NAY-kos

Translations: contentious, quarrelsome, fond of strife, disputatious

Notes: This word describes someone who is fond of quarreling or disputing, often characterized by a contentious or argumentative nature. It is used to describe a person who is prone to strife and disagreement.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣΤΙΚΟΣ, ΜΑΧΙΜΟΣ, ΦΙΛΟΜΑΧΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: φίλος (philos), meaning 'dear, beloved, friend,' and νεῖκος (neikos), meaning 'strife, quarrel.' Thus, it literally means 'fond of strife' or 'loving contention.'

G4312

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pro-PEH-tohs

Translations: rashly, impulsively, hastily, recklessly, thoughtlessly, precipitately, headlong

Notes: This word describes an action performed in a rash, impulsive, or thoughtless manner. It implies a lack of careful consideration or foresight, often leading to negative consequences. It is used to qualify verbs, indicating how an action is carried out.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΟΓΙΣΤΩΣ, ΑΝΕΥΛΑΒΩΣ, ΑΦΡΟΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΠΕΤΩΣ (propetēs) is derived from the adjective ΠΡΟΠΕΤΗΣ (propetēs), meaning 'headlong, rash'. This adjective is formed from the prefix ΠΡΟ- (pro-), meaning 'forward' or 'before', and the root of ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. Thus, it literally means 'falling forward' or 'prone to falling forward', which metaphorically extends to acting without due caution.

G2607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tehg-NOH-keh-nai

Translations: to condemn, to find fault with, to judge against

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb καταγινώσκω (kataginōskō). It means to condemn, to find fault with, or to judge against someone or something. It implies a negative judgment or conviction, often in a legal or moral sense.

Inflection: Infinitive, Perfect Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΚΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word καταγινώσκω is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Thus, it literally means 'to know against' or 'to perceive against', leading to the sense of condemning or judging against someone.

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zohn

Translations: tormenting, torturing, testing, distressing, vexing, examining, afflicting, one who torments

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'tormenting' or 'one who torments'. It describes an ongoing action of causing severe distress, pain, or affliction, or of rigorously testing something or someone. It can also refer to the act of examining or scrutinizing. It is often used to describe physical or mental suffering inflicted upon someone.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩΝ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΩΝ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ comes from the noun ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ (BASANOS), which refers to a touchstone used to test the purity of metals, and by extension, a test, torment, or torture. The verb form thus means to apply such a test or to inflict torment.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-ee

Translations: he completes, she completes, it completes, he finishes, she finishes, it finishes, he performs, she performs, it performs, he fulfills, she fulfills, it fulfills, he pays, she pays, it pays

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to complete,' 'to finish,' 'to perform,' 'to fulfill,' or 'to pay.' It is used to describe the bringing of something to an end or to its intended purpose. For example, one might 'complete' a task, 'fulfill' a prophecy, or 'pay' a tax.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THAY-ren

Translations: destroyed, corrupted, ruined, spoiled, perverted, wasted

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb φθείρω (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. It means to utterly destroy, corrupt, or ruin something or someone. It can be used to describe physical destruction, moral corruption, or the spoiling of something good. It often implies a complete and thorough destruction or perversion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ei-PON-tas

Translations: having said, those who said, to have said, to say

Notes: This is the aorist active participle (masculine or feminine, accusative plural) of the verb 'εἰπεῖν' (eipein), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often translated as 'having said' or 'those who said'. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject performed the action of speaking.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-oh-TEH-rohn

Translations: (of) younger ones, (of) younger men, (of) younger women, (of) younger people, (of) new ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'neōteros', meaning 'younger' or 'newer'. It is used to describe a group of people or things that are younger or newer than others. It can refer to younger individuals, often men, but can also encompass women or people in general. It is used in sentences where possession or origin is implied, such as 'the counsel of the younger ones'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΕΩΝ, ΝΕΑΝΙΣΚΩΝ, ΝΕΩΝ

Etymology: From the adjective ΝΕΟΣ (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'. The suffix -τερος (-teros) is used to form the comparative degree, indicating 'more new' or 'younger'.

G1275

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-PEM-pine

Translations: to send through, to send across, to send away, to dispatch

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΔΙΑΠΕΜΠΩ. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempo), meaning 'to send'. Therefore, it means 'to send through' or 'to send across', often implying sending someone or something from one place to another, or dispatching them.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb ΔΙΑΠΕΜΠΩ is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempo), meaning 'to send'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tah

Translations: worthy, deserving, deem worthy, think fit, ask, request, demand, claim, expect, require

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being worthy,' 'considering worthy,' or 'asking/demanding.' It describes someone who is in the process of deeming something worthy, asking for something, or claiming something. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, modifying a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΈΩ

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar-os

Translations: of Caesar

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Caesar'. It refers to the Roman emperor, or more generally, the imperial authority. In the New Testament, it often refers to the reigning emperor, such as Augustus or Tiberius, or the office itself.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Latin 'Caesar', originally a Roman family name, which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. The name's ultimate origin is uncertain, possibly from 'caesaries' (hair) or 'caesus' (cut).

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: soon-is-TAH-meh-nane

Translations: standing together, being composed, being commended, being established, being formed, being constituted, being proved

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'synistēmi'. It describes something that is being brought together, composed, or established. It can also refer to something being commended or proved. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a state of being formed or presented.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΣΤΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mith-ri-DAH-ten

Translations: Mithridates

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the name Mithridates. It is a name of Persian origin, meaning 'given by Mithra' or 'gift of Mithra'. Several historical figures bore this name, most notably Mithridates VI Eupator, the King of Pontus, who famously resisted the Roman Republic. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Mithridates is of Old Persian origin, derived from the name of the ancient Persian deity Mithra, combined with a suffix meaning 'given' or 'gift'.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-lon

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ

G5331

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phar-MA-kon

Translations: drug, medicine, remedy, a drug, a medicine, a remedy, poison, a poison, charm, a charm, sorcery, a sorcery

Notes: This word refers to a drug, medicine, or remedy, often with the connotation of something that can be beneficial or harmful. It can also refer to poison, a magical charm, or even sorcery, depending on the context. It is used to describe substances prepared for various purposes, including healing or causing harm.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΑΜΑ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word "pharmakon" comes from an ancient Greek root referring to drugs, medicines, or charms. It is the source of English words like "pharmacy" and "pharmacology."

G0784

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: as-ka-LOH-nee

Translations: to Ashkelon, in Ashkelon

Notes: This word refers to Ashkelon, an ancient Philistine city located on the Mediterranean coast. In Koine Greek, the ending -ι indicates the dative case, meaning it is used to show location ('in Ashkelon') or direction ('to Ashkelon'). It is often mentioned in historical and biblical texts.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Ashkelon' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from a root meaning 'to weigh' or 'to measure', possibly referring to its role as a trading center.

G3903

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-es-keh-vas-MEH-non

Translations: prepared, made ready, ready, a prepared thing, that which is prepared

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been prepared' or 'being in a state of readiness'. It describes something that has undergone preparation and is now in a state of being ready or equipped. It can be used to describe a person, object, or situation that is fully prepared for an action or event.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΤΡΕΠΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ (skeuazo), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TEV-sen

Translations: he believed, she believed, it believed, he trusted, she trusted, it trusted, he had faith, she had faith, it had faith

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe,' 'to trust,' or 'to have faith.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a single person or entity placed their belief or trust in someone or something. It is often used to describe spiritual faith or intellectual assent.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-LAY-fen

Translations: he has taken, she has taken, it has taken, he has received, she has received, it has received, he has seized, she has seized, it has seized

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with ongoing results in the present. It describes a state resulting from a past action. For example, 'he has taken' implies that the act of taking is complete, and the item is now in his possession.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to take.' It is a common verb in ancient Greek with a wide range of applications related to acquiring or receiving something.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-KOYS

Translations: (to) evils, (to) bad things, (to) bad people, (for) evils, (for) bad things, (for) bad people

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ' (kakos), meaning 'bad', 'evil', 'harmful', or 'wicked'. In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the means by which something is done, often translated as 'to' or 'for'. It can refer to 'bad things' or 'evil people' when used substantively.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΙΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΙΣ

G5501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kheh-ROH-nohn

Translations: (of) worse, (of) inferior, (of) worse things, (of) inferior things, (of) worse men, (of) inferior men

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΧΕΙΡΩΝ' (cheirōn), meaning 'worse' or 'inferior'. It is a comparative adjective used to describe something or someone as being of a lower quality, less good, or more disadvantageous than something else. In this form, it indicates possession or relation to multiple 'worse' or 'inferior' things or people.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΤΤΩΝ, ΚΑΚΙΩΝ

G2850

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: koh-lah-KEH-oo-meh-noss

Translations: flattering, being flattered, fawning, being fawned upon

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'κολακεύω' (kolakeuō), meaning 'to flatter' or 'to fawn upon'. As a participle, it describes someone who is being flattered or is in the act of being flattered. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'the one being flattered' or 'the one who flatters'.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΩΠΕΥΩ, ΥΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word κολακεύω (kolakeuō) is derived from κόλαξ (kolax), meaning 'flatterer'. The origin of κόλαξ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to words describing fawning or wagging, like a dog.

G4704

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: es-poo-DAH-ko-tee

Translations: having been diligent, having been eager, having made haste, having been earnest, having been zealous

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having been diligent' or 'having been eager'. It describes someone who has already exerted effort, shown zeal, or acted with haste. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'one who has been diligent'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΜΕΛΕΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ

G5236

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-bo-LAYN

Translations: excess, abundance, surpassing, preeminence, exceedingly, beyond measure

Notes: This word refers to an excess, an abundance, or something that goes beyond the usual measure. It is often used to describe something that is outstanding, preeminent, or exceedingly great. In context, it can function adverbially to mean 'exceedingly' or 'beyond measure'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and 'βολή' (bole), meaning 'a throwing' or 'a cast'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΗ

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-KOHN

Translations: (of) bad things, (of) evils, (of) calamities, (of) troubles

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ', meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. When used substantively, as it often is in the genitive plural, it refers to 'evils', 'calamities', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are harmful, morally corrupt, or cause distress. It can be used to describe the source or nature of something negative.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It is related to words signifying 'to hurt' or 'to wound'.

G220

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: THEH-lohn

Translations: wanting, willing, desiring, intending, wishing, choosing, purposing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'θέλω' (thelo), meaning 'to want' or 'to will'. It describes someone who is in the process of wanting, willing, or desiring something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or reason for an action. For example, it could mean 'he who wants' or 'while wanting'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: The word θέλω (thelo) comes from Proto-Indo-European, related to concepts of 'will' or 'desire'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TRAH-peh-toh

Translations: he turned, she turned, it turned, he turned himself, she turned herself, it turned itself, he turned away, she turned away, it turned away

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to turn' or 'to turn oneself'. It can also mean 'to turn away' or 'to put to flight'. It is often used to describe a change in direction, focus, or even a change in one's behavior or allegiance. In a sentence, it would describe an action performed by a third-person singular subject in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΚΛΙΝΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3330

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-TEH-ee

Translations: pursued, followed after, went after, sought, went to, came to, attacked, avenged

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'μετέρχομαι', meaning 'to go after', 'to pursue', 'to seek', or 'to follow'. It can also mean 'to attack' or 'to avenge'. It is often used to describe the act of going from one place to another in pursuit of something or someone, or to seek out a particular course of action or justice.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4312

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-pe-TEH-ee-an

Translations: rashness, a rashness, recklessness, precipitancy, thoughtlessness, hastiness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being rash, reckless, or thoughtless. It describes actions or decisions made without proper consideration of the consequences, often implying a lack of caution or prudence. It can be used to describe a person's character or a specific act of impulsiveness.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΟΓΙΑ, ΑΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΚΡΙΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word "προπέτεια" (proseteia) comes from the Greek verb "προπίπτω" (propiptō), meaning "to fall forward" or "to rush forward," combined with the suffix "-εια" (-eia) which forms abstract nouns. It literally implies a tendency to rush headlong into things.

G0266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-ah

Translations: sin, a sin, offense, trespass

Notes: This word refers to a sin, an offense, or a trespass against divine law or moral principles. It describes an act of missing the mark or failing to achieve a goal, particularly in a moral or ethical sense. It is commonly used to denote a transgression or a moral failing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin'. It is formed from the privative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'μέρος' (meros, meaning 'part' or 'share'), implying a failure to obtain a share or to hit the target.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEE-zo-nee

Translations: greater, larger, older, more important, a greater, a larger

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the comparative adjective 'ΜΕΙΖΩΝ', meaning 'greater' or 'larger'. It is used to describe something that is comparatively larger, older, or more significant than something else. It can apply to all genders (masculine, feminine, or neuter) in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' the greater/larger one.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter), Comparative

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ, ΜΕΙΖΟΝΑ

G1493

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-soh-PEH-sai

Translations: to put to shame, to shame, to appeal to, to entreat, to implore, to persuade

Notes: This word means to put someone to shame, to make them feel ashamed, or to appeal to someone's sense of shame or respect in order to persuade them. It can also mean to entreat or implore someone, often with the implication of overcoming their resistance through a sense of obligation or respect. In a sentence, it would describe the act of trying to influence someone by appealing to their conscience or honor.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΙΚΕΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word δυσσωπέω (dysōpeō) is a compound word formed from the prefix δυσ- (dys-), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and the verb σωπέω (sōpeō), meaning 'to be silent' or 'to be ashamed'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of being 'difficult to look at' or 'causing shame'.

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: HEE-kis-tah

Translations: least of all, by no means, not at all, certainly not

Notes: This word is a superlative adverb derived from the adjective 'ὀλίγος' (oligos), meaning 'little' or 'few'. It indicates the absolute minimum or the lowest degree of something. It is used to express negation in the strongest possible terms, often translated as 'not at all' or 'by no means'. It can also mean 'least of all' when comparing multiple things.

Inflection: Superlative Adverb, Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΑΜΩΣ, ΟΥΔΕΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the adjective ὀλίγος (oligos), meaning 'little' or 'few'. ἥκιστα is the superlative form, meaning 'least'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOO-khen

Translations: he happened, it happened, he obtained, it obtained, he received, it received, he met, it met

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'τυγχάνω' (tynchanō). It means 'he/she/it happened' or 'he/she/it obtained/received/met'. It is often used to describe an event that occurred by chance or to indicate that someone came into possession of something or encountered someone/something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-tef-THEYS

Translations: having been entrusted, having been believed, having been committed, having been put in trust

Notes: This word is a past participle, meaning 'having been entrusted' or 'having been believed'. It describes someone or something that has had trust placed in them, or to whom something has been committed. It is often used to indicate that a person has been given a responsibility or a task because they were deemed trustworthy.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΙΣΤΕΥΘΕΙΣ, ΑΝΑΤΕΘΕΙΣ

G2559

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-KOON

Translations: to harm, to do evil, to mistreat, to afflict, to injure

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'κακόω'. It means to do evil, to harm, to mistreat, or to afflict someone. It is often used in contexts where one person or group causes suffering, damage, or injury to another.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΩ, ΑΔΙΚΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. The verb 'κακόω' means 'to make bad' or 'to treat badly'.

G4264

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pro-ay-REE-may-nos

Translations: chosen beforehand, preferred, purposed, determined, resolved

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb προαιρέω (prohaireō), meaning 'to choose before, to prefer, to purpose'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing something that has been chosen or determined in advance. It implies a deliberate and prior decision or intention.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΑΠΟΔΕΔΕΙΓΜΕΝΟΣ

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: grap-SAS

Translations: having written, who wrote, after writing, when he wrote

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed prior to the action of the main verb in the sentence. It can be translated in various ways depending on context, such as 'having written' or 'the one who wrote'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zayn

Translations: to torment, to torture, to examine by torture, to test, to distress, to vex, to afflict

Notes: This verb describes the act of causing severe pain or distress, either physically through torture or mentally through vexation and affliction. It can also refer to the process of examining someone under torture to extract information, or more generally, to test or prove something through a difficult process. It implies a severe and often prolonged suffering.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑἸΚΙΖΩ, ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ, ΚΟΛΑΖΩ

Etymology: From the noun βάσανος (basanos), meaning 'touchstone' or 'test', which was used to test the purity of metals. Over time, it evolved to mean a test or examination by torture, and then simply to torture or torment.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G4008

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: peh-rah-ee-TEH-roh

Translations: further, beyond, onward, more

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating movement or extension beyond a certain point or limit. It can refer to physical distance, meaning 'further on' or 'beyond', or to a conceptual extension, meaning 'more' or 'in addition'. It is used to describe something that goes past a current state or location.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΠΕΡΑΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek περαιτέρω (peraiterō), from πέρα (pera, “beyond”) + -τέρω (-terō, comparative suffix).

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kho-REH-in

Translations: to go, to make room, to contain, to hold, to advance, to withdraw, to have space, to be able to receive

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'χωρέω'. It describes the action of moving, making space, or containing something. It can be used to express the idea of progressing, withdrawing, or having the capacity to hold or receive something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'χώρα' (chōra), meaning 'space' or 'place'. The verb 'χωρέω' thus relates to occupying or moving through space.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEEHN

Translations: plot, a plot, conspiracy, a conspiracy, ambush, an ambush, treachery, a treachery

Notes: This word refers to a deliberate plan or scheme, often with malicious intent, such as a plot, conspiracy, or treachery. It can also refer to an ambush. It is typically used in contexts where someone is devising a harmful plan against another.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΕΝΕΔΡΑ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ (epiboulē) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'. Thus, it literally means 'a plan against' or 'counsel against'.

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sool-lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to seize, to arrest, to take, to help, to assist, to conceive

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Depending on the context, it can mean to seize or arrest someone, to take hold of something, or to help or assist someone. When referring to a woman, it can also mean to conceive a child.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound of the Greek preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to take'.

G4103

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pis-TO-ta-toos

Translations: most faithful, most trustworthy, most reliable, most loyal

Notes: This word is the masculine plural accusative form of the adjective 'ΠΙΣΤΟΣ' (PISTOS), meaning 'faithful' or 'trustworthy'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of faithfulness or trustworthiness. It describes individuals who are exceedingly loyal, dependable, or true. It would be used in a sentence to describe a group of people who are the most faithful or trustworthy among others.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣΤΑΤΟΥΣ, ΑΣΦΑΛΕΣΤΑΤΟΥΣ

G1896

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ice-EL-thoo-san

Translations: having entered, having come in, having gone in, having come upon, having entered upon

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having entered' or 'having come in'. It describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, to), 'εἰς' (into), and 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go). It is used to describe someone or something that has moved into a place or situation.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΛΘΟΥΣΑΝ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΟΥΣΑΝ

G3396

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mi-GAY-nai

Translations: to mix, to mingle, to associate with, to have sexual intercourse

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'μίγνυμι', meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'. It can refer to the literal mixing of substances, or more broadly to the act of associating with others, joining a group, or even having sexual intercourse. It is often used to describe the blending of different elements or groups.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΚΕΡΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to mix'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also denote mixing or blending.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: tow-TOO-n

Translations: the same, the very same, the same thing, a same thing

Notes: This word is a contraction of the definite article 'τὸ' (to) and the pronoun/adjective 'αὐτό' (auto), meaning 'the same' or 'the very same'. It functions as an adjective modifying a neuter singular noun, or more commonly, as a substantive meaning 'the same thing'. It is used to indicate identity or sameness between two or more entities or concepts.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ὉΜΟΙΟΣ, ἸΣΟΣ

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HE-kane

Translations: to have come, to be present, to arrive, to come, to be fitting, to pertain to

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive of the verb ἥκω. It describes the state of having arrived and being present, or the action of coming. It can also be used impersonally to mean 'it is fitting' or 'it pertains to' when followed by an infinitive.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- 'to follow'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to have come' or 'to be present', implying a state of having followed a path to a destination.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-ay-sa-MEH-noos

Translations: having made, having done, having produced, having performed

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, indicating an action that was completed by the subject before the time of the main verb. It comes from the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make', 'to do', 'to produce', or 'to perform'. In this form, it describes those who have completed such an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΝΤΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'poieō' comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar meanings of creation or action.

G1225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-VEH-blee-toh

Translations: he had been slandered, he had been accused, he had been maligned

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'across') and the verb βάλλω (ballō, meaning 'to throw'). In this form, it means to be slandered, accused, or maligned. It describes someone who has been subjected to false accusations or malicious gossip, often with the intent to harm their reputation. It is used to indicate a state of having been previously slandered.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΣΥΚΟΦΑΝΤΕΩ

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G1706

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-peh-SOO-sees

Translations: of falling into, of falling upon, of rushing upon, of happening, of occurring, of befalling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'empíptō', meaning 'to fall into' or 'to fall upon'. It describes an action of entering into a state, condition, or situation, often suddenly or unexpectedly. It can also refer to something happening or befalling someone or something. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it often functions adverbially or adjectivally, indicating the time or circumstance when an action occurs, or describing a feminine noun that is 'falling into' or 'happening'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΠΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐμπίπτω (empíptō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb πίπτω (píptō), meaning 'to fall'.

G240

Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun

Sounds like: al-LAY-lone

Translations: of one another, of each other

Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PHIL-tah-toy

Translations: dearest, most beloved, very dear, the dearest ones

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It translates to 'dearest' or 'most beloved'. It is used to refer to people who are held in the highest affection, such as close friends, family members, or cherished individuals. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'my dearest friends' or 'the most beloved people'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΙ, ΠΟΛΥΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΙ

G2342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-thay-ree-OHN-toh

Translations: they had become like wild beasts, they had been made savage, they had been brutalized

Notes: This word is a verb in the perfect tense, middle/passive voice, indicating an action completed in the past with ongoing results, where the subject either acts upon itself or is acted upon. It describes a state of having become like wild beasts, implying a loss of reason or humanity and a descent into savagery or brutality. It suggests a transformation into a wild, untamed, or fierce state.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Perfect Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΙΟΩ, ΘΗΡΙΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ΘΗΡΙΟΩ (thērioō) is derived from the noun ΘΗΡΙΟΝ (thērion), meaning 'wild beast' or 'animal'. The verb literally means 'to make into a wild beast' or 'to become like a wild beast'.

G0627

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-lo-GHEE-as

Translations: of defense, of an apology, of a defense, of vindication, of an explanation

Notes: This word refers to a verbal defense, an explanation, or a vindication. It is often used in a legal or formal context to describe a speech or argument made in one's own defense, or to provide a reasoned explanation for one's actions or beliefs. It can also refer to an apology in the sense of a formal justification rather than an expression of regret.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΩΣΙΣ, ΥΠΕΡΑΣΠΙΣΙΣ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-ON-tone

Translations: of having, of holding, of possessing, of those who have, of those who hold, of those who possess

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the genitive plural, it often translates as 'of those who have' or 'of the ones possessing', indicating possession or a characteristic of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NO-meh-nees

Translations: of becoming, of being, of happening, of coming to pass, of being made, of being born

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into existence.' As a genitive participle, it often functions in a genitive absolute construction, indicating a circumstance or time when something else occurs, similar to 'when it was happening' or 'while it was being done.' It can also simply indicate possession or relationship in a genitive sense.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Middle/Passive, Present

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G0029

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KREE-too

Translations: of undecided, of unjudged, of unexamined, of unavenged, of unpunished, of unjudging, of indiscriminating, of confused, of disorderly, of a confused, of a disorderly

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'undecided,' 'unjudged,' 'unexamined,' or 'unavenged.' It can also mean 'unjudging' or 'indiscriminating,' referring to someone who does not make proper distinctions. In a broader sense, it can describe something as 'confused' or 'disorderly.' It is used to describe a state of lack of judgment, order, or resolution.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΤΑΚΤΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ, ΑΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ

G2288

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-NA-toos

Translations: deaths

Notes: This word refers to deaths or instances of dying. It is used to describe the cessation of life, often in a literal sense, but can also be used metaphorically for spiritual death or destruction. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating what is being affected by an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word "θάνατος" (thanatos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to die'. It is related to the verb "θνήσκω" (thnesko), meaning 'to die'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-line

Translations: to be about to, to intend to, to be destined to, to delay, to hesitate

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb μέλλω. It is commonly used with an infinitive to express an action that is imminent, intended, or destined to happen. It can also indicate a delay or hesitation in doing something. For example, it might be used to say 'he is about to go' or 'they intend to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- 'to grind, crush'. The meaning evolved to 'to be about to' or 'to delay', possibly through the idea of 'grinding to a halt' or 'being on the verge of something'.

G3602

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-DY-roh-MEH-nohn

Translations: of those lamenting, of those wailing, of those grieving, of those mourning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to lament' or 'to wail'. It describes a state of deep sorrow or grief. In this genitive plural form, it refers to 'those who are lamenting' or 'those who are wailing', indicating possession or origin related to their act of grieving.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΛΑΙΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΕΝΘΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΘΡΗΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ὀδύρομαι (odyromai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to cry out' or 'to lament'.

G2271

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-soo-KHEE-ah

Translations: quietness, a quietness, silence, a silence, rest, a rest, tranquility, a tranquility

Notes: This word refers to a state of quietness, stillness, or tranquility. It can describe a lack of noise or disturbance, or a peaceful and calm disposition. It is often used to denote a state of rest or freedom from trouble.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΙΓΗ, ΗΡΕΜΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ

Etymology: From the adjective ἥσυχος (hēsychos), meaning 'quiet, still'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of being at rest or settled.

G2726

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tee-FEY-ah

Translations: dejection, despondency, downcast look, gloom, a dejection

Notes: This word refers to a state of dejection, despondency, or gloom, often characterized by a downcast look or a sad countenance. It describes a feeling of deep sadness or discouragement. It is used to describe a general atmosphere or a personal emotional state.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΗ, ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down') and φάος (phaos, 'light'), referring to a downcast look or a lack of light/cheerfulness. It literally means 'down-light' or 'down-appearance', indicating a gloomy or dejected state.

G2118

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-dah-ee-mo-NEE-as

Translations: of happiness, of well-being, of prosperity, of blessedness

Notes: This word refers to a state of happiness, well-being, or prosperity. It is a compound word derived from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'good', and 'δαίμων' (daimon), meaning 'spirit' or 'divinity', thus literally meaning 'good spirit' or 'good fortune'. It describes a flourishing life, often associated with divine favor or a life lived virtuously. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, as in 'of happiness'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΤΗΣ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G0979

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BEE-os

Translations: life, a life, living, means of life, livelihood, wealth, property

Notes: This word refers to life in its physical sense, often emphasizing the duration or manner of one's existence, or the means by which one lives, such as one's livelihood or possessions. It can describe the course of life, the resources for life, or even the substance of life itself. It is distinct from other Greek words for life, such as 'ζωή' (zoe), which often refers to life in its essential, spiritual, or eternal aspect.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΩΗΝ, ΒΙΟΤΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷih₃w- meaning 'to live'. It is related to the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'.

G1613

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-teh-ta-RAG-meh-noh

Translations: (to) one having been greatly disturbed, (to) one having been thrown into confusion, (to) one having been greatly agitated

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to be greatly disturbed, agitated, or thrown into confusion'. It combines 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', with 'ταράσσω' (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb'. The prefix 'ἐκ' intensifies the meaning, indicating a complete or thorough disturbance. It describes a state of profound mental or emotional turmoil.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-DEH-nee

Translations: to no one, to nothing, for no one, for nothing, by no one, by nothing, with no one, with nothing, in no one, in nothing

Notes: This word is an indefinite negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. It is often used in prohibitions or to state that something is not done by anyone or to anything. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, and as an adjective, it modifies a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē, 'not') and ΕΙΣ (heis, 'one').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-een

Translations: to believe, to trust, to have faith, to be convinced

Notes: This word means to believe, to trust, or to have faith in someone or something. It implies a conviction or reliance. It is often used in the New Testament to describe faith in God or Jesus Christ, indicating a deep conviction and commitment. It can also be used in a more general sense of believing a statement or a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ (pisteuō) comes from the Greek word ΠΙΣΤΙΣ (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. It is related to the concept of being persuaded or convinced.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon-tee

Translations: (to) having, (to) holding, (to) possessing, (to) being, (to) keeping, (to) wearing, (to) carrying

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the dative case, it often indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, or it can denote possession or association, translating as 'to the one having' or 'to him who has'. It can also convey the idea of 'being in a state of' or 'wearing/carrying something'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΙ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔχω' (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating possession, state, or action.

G1881

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-an-is-TA-me-non

Translations: rising up against, revolting, rebelling, standing up against, a rising up against

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to rise up against' or 'to revolt'. It describes an action of standing up in opposition or rebellion, often with hostile intent. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are actively resisting or challenging authority.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine/Neuter, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΊΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΦΊΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΣΤΆΣΙΑΖΩ

G3517

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: xee-FEE-ray

Translations: sword-bearing, armed with a sword

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something that is equipped with or carries a sword. It is used to indicate a state of being armed with a sword, often in a military or combative context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΟΦΟΡΟΣ, ΞΙΦΟΦΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΞΙΦΟΣ (xiphos), meaning 'sword', and the root of ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-es-TOH-tah

Translations: those who stand by, those who are present, those who are standing by, those who are standing near, those who are at hand, those who are ready

Notes: This word is the accusative plural, neuter, perfect active participle of the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi). It refers to things or people that have come to stand beside or are present. It describes a state of being present or standing near, often implying readiness or attendance. In a sentence, it would function like a noun or an adjective, describing the 'ones' or 'things' that are in a state of having stood by or being present.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΓΥΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: was taking, he was taking, she was taking, it was taking, used to take, was receiving, he was receiving, she was receiving, it was receiving, used to receive

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Therefore, it indicates that someone or something 'was taking' or 'was receiving' something, or 'used to take/receive' something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: gih-NO-meh-nee

Translations: being, becoming, happening, taking place, occurring, coming to pass, being made, being done, being born, arising

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being' or 'becoming.' It describes something that is in the process of happening, coming into existence, or being made. It can refer to events that are occurring, things that are being done, or individuals who are being born or coming into a certain state. It often implies a dynamic process rather than a static state.

Inflection: Singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗ, ΟΥΣΑ, ΠΡΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΗ

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PA-thos

Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-MAH-xah-toh

Translations: wiped off, wiped away, kneaded, wiped

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist middle indicative, third person singular. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject performs the action upon itself or for its own benefit. It means 'to wipe off' or 'to wipe away', often implying a thorough cleaning or removal. It can also mean 'to knead', referring to the action of working dough or clay.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΜΑΤΤΩ, ΕΚΜΑΤΤΩ

G2276

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HET-ton

Translations: less, worse, inferior, a less (thing)

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and an adjective, meaning 'less' or 'worse'. As an adverb, it modifies verbs or other adverbs, indicating a lesser degree. As an adjective, it describes nouns, meaning 'inferior' or 'lesser'. It is the comparative form of 'bad' or 'little'.

Inflection: Comparative, Does not inflect for gender or case when used adverbially. When used adjectivally, it can inflect for gender, number, and case (e.g., ΗΤΤΟΝΑ in the example is Accusative Singular).

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΧΕΙΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἧττον (hētton) is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective ἥσσων (hēssōn), meaning 'less, worse, weaker'. It is often used adverbially. Its ultimate origin is uncertain but is related to the concept of being 'less' or 'inferior'.

G0453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NOY-ahs

Translations: of folly, of foolishness, of senselessness

Notes: This word refers to a state of foolishness, senselessness, or lack of understanding. It describes a mental or moral deficiency that leads to unwise actions or decisions. It is often used in a negative sense to denote a lack of good judgment or prudence.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΜΩΡΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and νοῦς (nous, 'mind, intellect'). It literally means 'without mind' or 'lack of understanding'.

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PYOO-theh-toh

Translations: he learned, he inquired, he heard, he found out

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'πυνθάνομαι' (punthanomai), meaning 'to learn by inquiry,' 'to inquire,' 'to hear,' or 'to find out.' It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject gained knowledge or information, often through asking or investigation. It can be used in sentences like 'He learned the news' or 'He inquired about the matter.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word πυνθάνομαι (punthanomai) comes from an ancient Indo-European root related to 'to ask' or 'to inquire.' It is connected to the idea of seeking knowledge or information.

G0075

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-goh-nee-OHN

Translations: agonizing, struggling, contending, fighting, striving, wrestling, competing

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'agonizomai'. It describes someone who is in the process of agonizing, struggling, or contending with great effort. It implies a strenuous and often painful struggle, whether physical, mental, or spiritual. It can be used to describe someone fighting in a contest, striving for a goal, or experiencing intense mental anguish.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΛΑΙΩ, ἘΡΙΖΩ

G4838

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: soon-al-GOHN

Translations: suffering with, sympathizing with, having compassion, feeling pain with

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ἀλγέω (algeo), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to feel pain'. As a participle, it describes someone who is experiencing pain or suffering alongside another person, indicating empathy or shared distress. It can be used to describe someone who is literally suffering with another, or more figuratively, someone who is sympathizing with their pain.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΠΑΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΔΥΝΑΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek σύν (syn, 'with, together') and ἀλγέω (algeō, 'to suffer, to feel pain').

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: TO-son-deh

Translations: so great, so much, so many, so large, so far, so long, such, to such an extent

Notes: This word is an emphatic demonstrative adjective or adverb, meaning 'so great,' 'so much,' or 'so many.' It emphasizes the degree or quantity of something, often indicating a consequence or result. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As an adverb, it can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating the extent to which something is done or is true.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G3933

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: par-ER-goh

Translations: by-work, a by-work, subordinate matter, a subordinate matter, secondary matter, a secondary matter, incidental, incidental matter, a side issue, a side issue

Notes: This word refers to something that is secondary, incidental, or a by-work, rather than the main task or subject. It describes something done in addition to or alongside the primary activity, often implying it is of lesser importance. It can function as a noun meaning 'a side issue' or 'a by-work', or as an adjective meaning 'incidental' or 'subordinate'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΘΗΚΗ, ΕΠΙΠΡΟΣΘΕΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΕΡΓΟΝ (parergon) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the noun ΕΡΓΟΝ (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'beside work' or 'additional work'.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: THE-meh-nos

Translations: having placed, having laid, having put, having set, having appointed

Notes: This word is the aorist middle participle of the verb τίθημι, meaning 'to place, put, set, or appoint'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action completed in the past by the subject itself (middle voice). It is often translated as 'having placed' or 'having laid'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΩΝ, ΕΠΙΘΕΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- 'to put, place'.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOHN

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having apprehended, having overtaken, having understood, having perceived, having attained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to take hold of, seize, apprehend, overtake, or understand. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can indicate the means by which something happens, the cause, or simply a preceding action. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, the one having

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun that 'has' something, or adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed (e.g., 'while having'). In the provided examples, it describes things that 'do not have' a leader, trees 'having' branches, and 'the one having' all power.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G2008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-tee-MAN

Translations: to rebuke, to warn, to censure, to admonish, to charge, to command

Notes: This word, in its infinitive form, means to rebuke, warn, or censure someone. It implies a strong disapproval or a command given with authority, often with the intent to prevent further action or to correct behavior. It can be used in contexts where someone is being told off, forbidden from doing something, or given a strict instruction.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ἘΛΈΓΧΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΈΩ, ΚΩΛΎΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΤΙΜΆΩ (timao), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. The combination suggests an action of placing a value or judgment upon someone, leading to the sense of rebuking or censuring.

G5316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-NAI

Translations: to appear, to shine, to show, to be seen, to become visible

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'phainō'. It means 'to appear', 'to shine', or 'to show'. It can be used to describe something becoming visible or being revealed, or to describe light shining. For example, 'the sun began to appear' or 'the light shone brightly'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΩ, ΕΠΙΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to shine). It is related to words meaning 'light' or 'to show' in various Indo-European languages.

G4312

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pro-PEH-tes

Translations: rash, reckless, precipitate, headlong, a rash (person/thing)

Notes: This word describes someone or something that acts impulsively, without careful thought or consideration of the consequences. It implies a tendency to rush into situations or make decisions hastily, often leading to negative outcomes. It can be used to describe a person's character or a specific action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΚΕΠΤΟΣ, ΑΛΟΓΙΣΤΟΣ, ΘΡΑΣΥΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward,' and a derivative of the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall.' Thus, it literally means 'falling forward' or 'prone to falling forward,' conveying the idea of rushing headlong without caution.

G5056

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-ohs

Translations: complete, perfect, finished, fully, perfectly, completely, mature, adult

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'complete' or 'perfect', describing something that has reached its intended end or full development. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'completely' or 'perfectly', indicating that an action is done to its full extent or without flaw. As an adjective, it can describe a person who is mature or fully grown. As an adverb, it describes the manner in which something is done.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (Adjective); Does not inflect (Adverb)

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΑΡΤΙΟΣ

Etymology: From τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'. The suffix -ως forms adverbs, and -ος forms adjectives, indicating a state of being at the end or completion.

G459

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-OY-kee-on

Translations: unsuitable, improper, unfitting, alien, foreign, an unsuitable thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning not belonging, not proper, or alien. It describes something that is out of place, inappropriate, or foreign to a particular context or person. It is often used to describe actions, words, or situations that are not fitting or suitable.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ, ΑΠΡΕΠΗΣ

Etymology: The word is formed from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-) meaning 'not' and οἰκεῖος (oikeios) meaning 'belonging to the house, proper, fitting'. Thus, it literally means 'not belonging' or 'not fitting'.

G2559

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: keh-kah-KOH-meh-non

Translations: having been afflicted, having been mistreated, having been harmed, having been oppressed, having been ill-treated, having been injured

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been afflicted' or 'having been mistreated'. It describes someone or something that has suffered harm, oppression, or ill-treatment. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, modifying a verb, indicating a state resulting from past action.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΕΠΟΝΘΟΤΑ, ΒΕΒΛΑΜΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The verb κακόω (kakoō) comes from the noun κακός (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. The verb literally means 'to make bad' or 'to treat badly'.

G0626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-loh-GEH-ee-sthai

Translations: to make a defense, to defend oneself, to give an account, to plead one's cause

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb λογέομαι (logeomai), meaning 'to speak' or 'to reason'. It means to speak in defense of oneself, to make a formal defense, or to give an account for one's actions. It is often used in legal or formal contexts where someone is called upon to justify their conduct or beliefs.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΩ, ἈΠΟΛΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb λογέομαι (logeomai), which is related to λόγος (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak away from' or 'to speak in defense'.

G4700

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: SPEV-don-tah

Translations: hurrying, hastening, eager, one hurrying, those hurrying

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, meaning 'to hurry' or 'to hasten'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. In this form, it refers to someone or something that is actively hurrying or eager.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΟΝΤΕΣ, ΤΑΧΥΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G1882

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pan-or-THOH-sin

Translations: correction, a correction, restoration, a restoration, improvement, an improvement, reformation, a reformation

Notes: This word refers to the act of setting something straight, correcting an error, or restoring something to its proper state. It implies a process of improvement or reformation, often in a moral or ethical sense. It can be used to describe the act of correcting a person's behavior or beliefs, or the restoration of something that has fallen into disrepair.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΡΘΩΣΙΣ, ἘΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΩΣΙΣ

G3710

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: or-GHEE-zo-me-nos

Translations: being angry, enraged, one who is angry, becoming angry, to be angry

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ὀργίζω' (orgizō), meaning 'to make angry' or 'to provoke'. As a participle, it describes someone who is in the state of being angry or becoming angry. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used to say 'the angry man' or 'he spoke, being angry'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Nominative Case, Masculine Gender, Singular Number

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΧΟΛΩΜΕΝΟΣ

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-non

Translations: and that one, and him, also that one, also him, even that one, even him

Notes: This word is a contraction (a crasis) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνον' (ekeinon). It means 'and that one' or 'and him', or 'also that one'/'also him', or 'even that one'/'even him', depending on the context. It is used to connect a previous statement or person with 'that one' or 'him'.

Inflection: Contraction of 'καὶ' and 'ἐκεῖνον' (Accusative, Singular, Masculine, Demonstrative Pronoun)

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G2038

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: er-ga-SA-sthai

Translations: to work, to do, to perform, to labor, to trade, to earn, to accomplish

Notes: This word means to work, labor, or perform an action. It can refer to physical labor, mental effort, or carrying out a task. It is also used in the sense of doing business, trading, or earning a living. In some contexts, it can mean to accomplish or bring about something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΚΑΤΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ comes from the Greek word ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'.

G1257

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-LOO-sin

Translations: to dissolve, to break up, to disperse, to destroy, to put an end to, to reconcile

Notes: This word means to dissolve, break up, or disperse something, often implying a complete separation or destruction. It can also mean to put an end to something, or to reconcile differences between parties. It is used to describe the termination of a state or condition, or the breaking apart of a group or structure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to set free'. The combination suggests a thorough loosening or breaking apart.

G3361, G3366

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MAYD

Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.

G2674

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-MAY-noo-sen

Translations: reported, informed, disclosed, revealed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and the verb μηνύω (mēnyō, 'to disclose' or 'to make known'). It means to report, inform, or disclose something, often with the implication of reporting against someone or revealing something secret or hidden. It is used to describe the act of bringing information to light, especially to an authority.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tos

Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one

Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-on

Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides

Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.

G3709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAYN

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, punishment, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, passionate emotion, often intense anger or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous anger or divine judgment, which often leads to punishment. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΓΗ (orgē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werg-, meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It originally referred to an impulse or natural disposition, which then evolved to mean a strong emotion or passion, and eventually anger or wrath.

G1925

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-DEIK-noo-meh-noo

Translations: of showing, of displaying, of demonstrating, of proving, of exhibiting, of making known

Notes: This is a present middle or passive participle, genitive singular, of the verb 'ἐπιδείκνυμι'. It means 'to show, display, demonstrate, or prove'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, so it translates as 'of showing' or 'of one who is showing'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'δείκνυμι' (to show).

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive Case, Singular Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-teh-PIP-ten

Translations: he was changing, he was falling, he was shifting, he was altering, he was reversing

Notes: This word describes a change or a reversal, often implying a fall from a previous state or a shift in position, opinion, or fortune. It can be used to describe someone or something undergoing a transformation or a decline. In the provided examples, it refers to Herod's changing disposition or yielding to a request.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΤΡΕΠΩ

G5467

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kha-le-PO-tay-tos

Translations: (of) difficulty, (of) hardship, (of) trouble, (of) severity, (of) harshness

Notes: This word refers to the state or quality of being difficult, harsh, or severe. It describes a condition of hardship, trouble, or adversity. It is often used to describe the nature of a situation or a person's disposition.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑΣ, ΠΟΝΟΥ, ΘΛΙΨΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΕΠΟΤΗΣ (chalepotēs) is derived from the adjective ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ (chalepos), meaning 'difficult,' 'hard,' or 'severe.' The suffix -της (-tēs) is used to form abstract nouns, indicating a quality or state.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAI-oo

Translations: (of) righteous, (of) a righteous one, (of) just, (of) a just one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It can also function as a noun, referring to 'a righteous person' or 'a just person'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For instance, 'between the righteous' or 'years of a righteous one'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with right, law, or custom.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-poy-AY-keh-nye

Translations: to have made, to have done, to have produced, to have created

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a perfect infinitive, it describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the results continuing into the present. It is often used to express the idea of having accomplished something or having brought something into existence. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He desired to have made a great work' or 'They claimed to have done good deeds'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: mee-KRON

Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.

G0436

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-meh-THISS-tah-toh

Translations: he was resisting, he was opposing, he was standing against

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἀντί (anti, meaning 'against') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, meaning 'to stand'). It describes an action of standing against or opposing someone or something. It is used to express resistance or opposition in a continuous or repeated manner.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ἈΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνθίστημι is formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'instead of', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. It developed to mean 'to stand against' or 'to resist'.

G3628

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: OIK-tros

Translations: pitiable, miserable, wretched, lamentable

Notes: This word describes something or someone that evokes pity or compassion. It refers to a state of being miserable, wretched, or lamentable, often implying a condition that is deserving of sympathy. It can be used to describe people, situations, or events that are unfortunate or sad.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΛΕΕΙΝΟΣ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek verb οἰκτίρω (oiktírō), meaning 'to pity' or 'to have compassion'. It is related to οἶκτος (oiktos), which means 'pity' or 'compassion'.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LYOO-ohn-toh

Translations: they were released, they were dismissed, they were set free, they were sent away, they were divorced

Notes: This word describes an action of being released, dismissed, or sent away. It is often used in contexts where people are allowed to depart, or are freed from an obligation or captivity. It can also refer to being divorced or set free from a marriage bond. The form indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G1613

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ek-ta-RAS-so-me-nos

Translations: being greatly disturbed, being greatly troubled, being greatly agitated, being terrified

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'ταράσσω' (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb'. As a whole, it means to be greatly or thoroughly disturbed, troubled, or agitated. It describes a state of intense emotional or mental distress, often implying a deep unsettling or even terror. It is used to describe someone who is thrown into confusion or alarm.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ

G3077

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LY-peen

Translations: sorrow, grief, pain, distress, a sorrow, a grief, a pain, a distress

Notes: This word refers to a feeling of deep distress, sadness, or pain, whether emotional or sometimes physical. It is used to describe sorrow, grief, or affliction, often indicating a state of emotional suffering. It can be used in contexts describing the experience of profound sadness or the cause of such sadness.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΠΕΝΘΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be sick, to suffer'.

G0003

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAH-thay

Translations: impassible, unaffected, free from suffering, apathetic, without passion, an impassible, an unaffected

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is not subject to suffering, passion, or emotion. It implies a state of being unfeeling or impervious to external influences, particularly pain or strong emotions. It can be used to describe a divine being, or a philosophical state of mind.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΜΠΟΔΙΣΤΟΣ, ἈΤΑΡΑΧΟΣ, ἈΝΕΠΙΔΕΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πάθος' (pathos, meaning 'suffering' or 'passion'). It literally means 'without suffering' or 'without passion'.

G3179

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-this-TAH-meh-nos

Translations: removing, displacing, changing, transferring, turning away, causing to revolt, being removed, being displaced, being changed, being transferred, being turned away, being caused to revolt

Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle of the verb 'methistēmi'. It describes an action of removing, displacing, changing, or transferring. In the middle voice, it can mean 'to remove oneself' or 'to change one's position'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be removed' or 'to be displaced'. It can also imply causing someone to revolt or turning someone away from something.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative; or Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative; or Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G1642

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-LAHT-ton

Translations: less, smaller, fewer, a less thing, a smaller thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'ἐλάττων', meaning 'less', 'smaller', or 'fewer'. It is used to indicate a lesser quantity, size, or number when comparing two things. It can function substantively, meaning 'a less thing' or 'that which is less'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΟΛΙΓΩΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἐλάττων' is the comparative form of 'ἐλαχύς' (small, little), which is related to 'ὀλίγος' (few, little). It comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small' or 'little'.

G0091

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-dee-KAY-sen

Translations: he wronged, he injured, he did wrong, he did injustice

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἈΔΙΚΈΩ (adikeō). It means to act unjustly, to do wrong, to injure, or to harm someone. It describes an action of committing an injustice or causing harm to another person.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΔΙΚΈΩ, ἈΔΙΚΈΩΣΙΣ, ἈΔΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΙΚΈΩ (adikeō) comes from the Greek word ἈΔΙΚΟΣ (adikos), meaning 'unjust', which is formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) and ΔΙΚΗ (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'not just' or 'without justice'.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G1933

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-eh-kee-STEH-ron

Translations: more gentle, more reasonable, more fair, more equitable, more mild

Notes: This word is the neuter singular comparative form of the adjective 'epieikes', meaning 'gentle' or 'reasonable'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of these qualities. It can be used to describe something that is more gentle, more fair, or more equitable than something else, often in a moral or ethical sense. It can function as a predicate adjective or an adverb.

Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ἩΣΥΧΩΤΕΡΟΝ

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-TEH-feh-ren

Translations: transferred, was transferring, carried over, was carrying over, removed, was removing, changed, was changing

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Together, it means to carry over, transfer, remove, or change. It describes an action of moving something from one place or state to another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G2550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-koh-AY-thee-ahs

Translations: of ill will, of malice, of malevolence, of malignity, of an evil disposition, of a malicious disposition

Notes: This word refers to a malicious disposition, ill will, or malevolence. It describes a character trait of someone who is disposed to think or interpret things in the worst possible light, often with a desire to harm or slander others. It is a compound word formed from 'κακός' (bad, evil) and 'ἦθος' (character, disposition).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ΦΘΟΝΟΣ

G0339

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nah-EE-sthay-ton

Translations: insensible, without feeling, unfeeling, senseless, a senseless thing

Notes: This word describes something that is without sensation, feeling, or perception. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'αἴσθησις' (aisthēsis, meaning 'sensation' or 'perception'). It can refer to a lack of physical sensation or a lack of moral or intellectual perception, indicating dullness or stupidity. It is used to describe things that are inanimate or people who are unfeeling or unresponsive.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΗΤΟΣ, ἈΦΡΩΝ, ἈΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΙΣΘΗΤΟΣ is derived from the prefix ἀν- (an-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and αἴσθησις (aisthēsis, meaning 'sensation' or 'perception'). It literally means 'without sensation'.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TEE

Translations: appoint, set, establish, place, make, constitute

Notes: This is a verb meaning to appoint, set, establish, or place someone or something. It is often used in the context of appointing someone to a position or office, or establishing a rule or order. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon-tos

Translations: of having, of possessing, of holding, of being, of having a, of possessing a, of holding a, of being a

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or being. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a characteristic of something, similar to 'of one who has' or 'of that which has'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-REE-ah

Translations: perplexity, a perplexity, difficulty, a difficulty, distress, a distress, want, a want, lack, a lack

Notes: This word refers to a state of being at a loss, without resources, or in great difficulty. It can describe a situation of perplexity or embarrassment, or a lack of means, such as poverty or destitution. It is often used to describe a state of being without a way forward or a solution.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΔΕΙΑ, ΠΕΝΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'no way' or 'without resource'.

G1259

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-al-LAX-on-tos

Translations: of reconciling, of changing, of exchanging, of being reconciled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαλλάσσω', meaning to reconcile, change, or exchange. It describes an action of reconciling or being reconciled, often implying a change in relationship from hostility to friendship. It is used to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating the one who is performing or undergoing the action of reconciliation.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΛΑΣΣΟΝΤΟΣ, ΣΥΝΑΛΛΑΣΣΟΝΤΟΣ

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-non

Translations: being able, able, capable, powerful

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is currently able or capable of doing something. It can be used to describe a person or thing that possesses power or ability.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΝ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΝ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'δύναμαι' (dynamai) comes from the Greek root 'δύνα-' (dyna-), which relates to power, strength, and ability. It is connected to words like 'δύναμις' (dynamis, power) and 'δυνατός' (dynatos, powerful).

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: too-KHOHN

Translations: having obtained, obtaining, happening, being, a chance, a common, an ordinary

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen,' 'to obtain,' or 'to meet with.' As a participle, it can function adjectivally, adverbially, or substantively. When used substantively, it can refer to 'one who happens' or 'an ordinary person' (e.g., 'a common person'). It often implies something that occurs by chance or is readily available.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩΝ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-tos

Translations: able, powerful, mighty, strong, possible, a mighty one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that possesses power, strength, or ability. It can refer to physical might, moral strength, or the capacity to do something. It can also mean 'possible' when referring to an event or situation. It is often used to describe God as 'the Mighty One'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be Feminine or Neuter, and other cases/numbers depending on context)

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It relates to the concept of inherent power or capability.

G3343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-PAY-thayn

Translations: to persuade, to change one's mind, to win over, to convince, to prevail upon

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after' (implying change), and the verb πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade'. It signifies the act of persuading someone to change their mind or opinion, or to win them over to a different point of view. It implies a successful act of persuasion that results in a shift in the other person's thoughts or actions.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΑΝΑΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΠΕΙΘΩ is a compound of the Greek preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with, after, among, or denoting change', and the verb ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō), meaning 'to persuade, to trust'. The combination suggests a change in persuasion or a re-persuading.

G0957

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: BEL-tee-on

Translations: better, a better thing, what is better

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'βελτίων', meaning 'better'. It is used to indicate a superior quality or state compared to something else. It can function as an adjective modifying a neuter noun (often implied) or as a substantive meaning 'a better thing' or 'what is better'. It is often followed by 'ἤ' (ē) meaning 'than' to make a comparison.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΡΕΙΣΣΟΝ, ΑΜΕΙΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word βελτίων (beltiōn) is the comparative form of ἀγαθός (agathos, 'good'). It is an irregular comparative, deriving from a different stem than its positive form, similar to how 'good' and 'better' are related in English. It comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be strong' or 'to be good'.

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ee-EH-nai

Translations: to approach, to come to, to go to, to come near, to allow to come, to permit to come

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive of the verb προσίημι (prosiēmi). It means to approach or come near to someone or something. It can also mean to allow or permit someone to come. It is often used in contexts where a person or thing moves towards another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ

Etymology: The word προσίημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning "to, toward, with," and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning "to send, to throw, to put in motion." Thus, it literally means "to send oneself toward" or "to put oneself in motion toward."

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEH-sthai

Translations: to beg, to pray, to ask, to entreat, to implore, to need

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to beg, pray, ask, or entreat. It often implies a sense of need or supplication, indicating a strong desire or request for something. It can be used in contexts where one is asking for a favor, making a petition, or expressing a deep need.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word Δέομαι (deomai) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack'. It developed in Greek to signify a sense of need or a request stemming from that need.

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oh-moh-loh-GOON-tah

Translations: confessing, acknowledging, professing, agreeing, admitting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'homologeo', meaning 'to confess', 'to acknowledge', or 'to agree'. It describes someone who is in the act of confessing, acknowledging, or professing something. It can be used to describe a person or group of people who are making a declaration or agreement.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ

G5623

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-feh-lee-SEEN

Translations: to benefit, to profit, to help, to be useful

Notes: This word is a verb that means to provide help, advantage, or profit to someone or something. It implies bringing about a positive outcome or being beneficial. As a future infinitive, it describes an action that will be advantageous or useful.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ὠφελέω (ōpheleō) is derived from ὄφελος (ophelos), meaning 'advantage, profit, gain'. It is related to the idea of being useful or beneficial.

G2372

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THY-moo

Translations: (of) passion, (of) anger, (of) wrath, (of) indignation, (of) a passion, (of) an anger, (of) a wrath, (of) an indignation

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense and sudden, emotional outburst or passion. It can denote anger, wrath, or indignation, often with the implication of a boiling or surging emotion. It describes a powerful emotional state, sometimes referring to the seat of emotions or the soul itself.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to rush, to rage', referring to a strong, often violent, emotional state.

G3918

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON

Translations: present, being present, at hand, here, one who is present, a present one

Notes: This word is the masculine singular nominative present active participle of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is currently present or existing in a particular place or time. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the present man'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is present').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΩΝ, ΕΝΔΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'πάρειμι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'to be alongside' or 'to be present'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pice-THEN-tos

Translations: having been persuaded, having been convinced, having obeyed, of one who has been persuaded, of one who has been convinced, of one who has obeyed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. 'ΠΕΙΣΘΕΝΤΟΣ' specifically indicates someone who has been persuaded, convinced, or has obeyed. It is often used to describe a state or condition resulting from a past act of persuasion or obedience.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΟΣ, ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind, to tie, to persuade'. It is related to concepts of trust, faith, and obedience.

G4887

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soon-am-FO-teh-ron

Translations: both together, both, both of them, the two together

Notes: This word is a compound adjective or noun meaning 'both together' or 'both of them'. It emphasizes the combined nature of two entities, indicating that they are considered as a single unit or are involved in an action jointly. It is used to refer to two things or people simultaneously.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΟΤΕΡΟΙ, ΑΜΦΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΑΜΦΟΤΕΡΟΝ (AMPHOTERON), meaning 'both'.

G1229

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-pep-rag-MEH-non

Translations: having been accomplished, having been done, completed, finished, a thing done, that which has been accomplished

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, neuter singular, from the verb διαπράσσω (diaprassō). It describes something that has been fully accomplished or completed, with the action having a lasting result. It can function adjectivally, modifying a neuter noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which has been accomplished' or 'a completed thing'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΜΕΝΟΝ, ΤΕΤΕΛΕΣΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word διαπράσσω (diaprassō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. Thus, it means 'to do thoroughly' or 'to accomplish completely'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1228

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-boh-LAI

Translations: slanders, accusations, calumnies

Notes: This word refers to malicious accusations, false charges, or slander. It describes the act of defaming someone or making false statements intended to harm their reputation. It is typically used in contexts where someone is being unjustly accused or maligned.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΙΑΙ, ΣΥΚΟΦΑΝΤΙΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΒΟΛΗ (diabolē) comes from the verb διαβάλλω (diaballō), meaning 'to throw across, to set at variance, to slander'. It is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'.

G0851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fay-RAYN-toh

Translations: they had taken away, they had removed, they had cut off, they had deprived

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take away,' 'to remove,' 'to cut off,' or 'to deprive.' It is often used to describe the act of removing something from someone or something else, or to describe a state of being deprived of something. In the provided examples, it describes people having their exits taken away, or their courage being removed.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Pluperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

G1259

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: dee-al-LAX-as

Translations: having reconciled, having changed, having exchanged

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning it describes an action that has been completed by the subject. It comes from the verb 'diallassō', which means to reconcile, to change, or to exchange. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject has performed the action of reconciling, changing, or exchanging.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΑΜΕΙΒΩ

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-AY-ee

Translations: he was going away, he was departing, he went away, he departed

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ἀπέρχομαι' (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued for some time. It is used to indicate someone leaving a place or situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ἘΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to go away from'.

G5487

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: keh-kha-REES-meh-nos

Translations: favored, highly favored, graced, endowed with grace, a favored one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been graced' or 'one who has been graced'. It describes someone who has received favor or grace, often implying a state of being highly esteemed or blessed. It can be used to describe a person who is pleasing or acceptable to others, or who has been shown kindness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word χάρις (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. The verb χαρίζω (charizō) means 'to show favor, to give freely, to pardon'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-los

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or is currently under consideration. It can be used to distinguish one item from a group or to introduce a new, separate item.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ, ΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is cognate with Latin alius and English 'else'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

G4182

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-lyoo-te-le-STA-toys

Translations: most costly, most expensive, most precious, most valuable, most splendid, most luxurious

Notes: This word is a superlative adjective, meaning 'most costly' or 'most expensive'. It describes something of the highest value, whether in terms of monetary cost, preciousness, or splendor. It is used to emphasize the extreme degree of expensiveness or luxury of an object or item.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΙΩΤΑΤΟΙΣ, ΠΟΛΥΤΙΜΩΤΑΤΟΙΣ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PHIL-tah-ton

Translations: dearest, most beloved, a dearest thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. Therefore, 'φίλτατον' translates to 'dearest' or 'most beloved'. It is used to express the highest degree of affection or closeness, often referring to something or someone held in the highest regard. In this form, it is neuter singular, which can refer to a 'dearest thing' or be used adverbially.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΝ, ΠΟΘΕΙΝΟΝ

Etymology: The root word 'φίλος' (philos) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of'. It is related to the concept of friendship and affection.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hay-gay-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having led, having considered, considering, leading, thinking, supposing

Notes: This word is the aorist middle participle of the verb 'ἡγέομαι' (hegeomai). It means 'to lead, to guide, to rule,' or 'to consider, to think, to suppose.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. For example, it could describe someone who, having led, then did something else, or someone who is currently considering something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΟΥΜΑΙ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-poy-AY-sah-toh

Translations: made, did, performed, accomplished, produced, caused, made for himself, did for himself

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often implies that the action is done by the subject for themselves, or for their own benefit, or that the subject is involved in the result of the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as making something, performing an action, or causing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEG-rap-toh

Translations: it was written, it had been written

Notes: This is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present or a subsequent past time. It is often used to refer to what is recorded in scripture or official documents.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΠΤΑΙ, ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'γράφω' (graphō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *gerbh-, meaning 'to scratch, to carve'. It originally referred to scratching or carving marks, which evolved into the meaning of writing.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEKH-rees

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, even to

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that serves as a limit or boundary. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' a certain point or place. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while' a certain event occurs. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It often takes the genitive case when used as a preposition, but can also be followed by a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'μέχρι' (mechri), which also means 'until' or 'up to'. The '-ς' ending is an adverbial suffix.

G0490

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-O-khi-as

Translations: of Antioch

Notes: This word refers to the city of Antioch. It is a proper noun, and in this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of Antioch'. Antioch was a significant city in ancient times, particularly important in early Christian history.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Antioch' comes from the Greek name 'Antiochos', which was common among the Seleucid kings who founded many cities named Antioch. It is derived from 'anti' (against, in front of) and 'echein' (to have, to hold).

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EEL-thon

Translations: I passed by, they passed by, it passed away, I went by, they went by, it went away, I came by, they came by, it came away, I passed away, they passed away, it passed away, I disappeared, they disappeared, it disappeared

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'along', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The combined meaning is 'to pass by', 'to go past', 'to come alongside', or 'to pass away' in the sense of ceasing to exist or disappearing. It is used to describe movement past something or the cessation of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TI-ti-on

Translations: a small bird, a titmouse, a chickadee

Notes: This word refers to a small bird, specifically a titmouse or chickadee. It is a diminutive form, implying a small or young version of a bird. It would be used in a sentence to refer to such a bird, for example, 'I saw a titmouse in the tree.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΤΙΤΙΟΝ is a diminutive of an unrecorded noun *τίτος (titos), which likely referred to a small bird. It is onomatopoeic in origin, imitating the sound made by a small bird.

G1313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-fo-RAS

Translations: differences, varieties, distinctions, (of) difference, (of) variety, (of) distinction

Notes: This word refers to a difference, distinction, or variety between things. It can describe the various kinds or types of something, or the quality of being distinct from others. It is often used to highlight the diversity or range within a category.

Inflection: Feminine, Genitive, Singular or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΟΛΗ, ΕΤΕΡΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb διαφέρω (diapherō), meaning 'to carry through, to differ', which is itself a compound of διά (dia, 'through, apart') and φέρω (pherō, 'to bear, carry').

G1259