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Interlinear version from Life of Flavius Josephus, The (Beta)
G4602
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: see-GAYS
Translations: of silence, of a silence
Notes: This word refers to the state of silence or quietness. As a noun in the genitive case, it often indicates possession or a relationship, meaning 'of silence' or 'belonging to silence'. It can be used to describe the absence of sound or speech.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἨΣΥΧΙΑ, ΣΙΩΠΗ
Etymology: From the verb σιγάω (sigaō), meaning 'to be silent'. The noun form denotes the state or act of being silent.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays
Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-dres
Translations: men
Notes: This word means 'men' and is the plural form of 'man'. It refers to adult male human beings. In Koine Greek, it is often used generally to refer to people, especially in a collective sense, or specifically to males.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pon
Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak
Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G3674
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-mo-FY-loy
Translations: of the same race, of the same nation, fellow countrymen, kinsmen
Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from 'ὁμός' (homos), meaning 'same', and 'φυλή' (phylē), meaning 'tribe, race, nation'. It describes people who belong to the same race, nation, or tribe. It is often used to refer to fellow countrymen or kinsmen.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΣΥΜΦΥΛΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΣ is derived from the Greek prefix ὁμός (homos), meaning 'same', and the noun φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe, clan, race'. It describes a shared origin or group identity.
G2348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tha-NEIN
Translations: to die, to be dead
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'θνήσκω' (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun and can be used to express the act of dying or to complete the meaning of another verb, often translated as 'to die' or 'dying'. It refers to the cessation of life.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ
Etymology: The word 'θνήσκω' (thnēskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to die'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the concept of death.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-on
Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, innocent, a just thing, a righteous thing, justice, righteousness
Notes: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, meaning 'just' or 'righteous'. It can describe something that is morally right, fair, or in accordance with divine law. When used as a noun, it refers to 'what is right' or 'justice' itself.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3868
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-rah-ee-TOO-mah-ee
Translations: I ask for, I beg, I entreat, I make excuse, I refuse, I reject, I decline, I avoid
Notes: This verb means to ask for something, to beg, or to entreat. It can also mean to make an excuse, to refuse, to reject, or to decline something, often implying an attempt to avoid or avert a situation or consequence. Its meaning can shift depending on the context, often indicating a plea for mercy or an attempt to escape a duty or punishment.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside, from', and αἰτέομαι (aiteomai), meaning 'to ask for, beg'. Thus, it literally means 'to ask from beside' or 'to ask off'.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BOO-loh-my
Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to intend, to purpose
Notes: This verb expresses a deliberate and considered wish or intention, often implying a choice or purpose. It is used to indicate what someone wants to do or what they intend to happen. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'I wish to go' or 'He intends to speak'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΘΕΛΩ
Etymology: From the root *βουλ- (boul-), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'. It is related to the noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G3676
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-mohs
Translations: nevertheless, however, yet, still, but, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It indicates a concession or a continuation despite a preceding condition, similar to 'nevertheless' or 'however' in English. It can be used to emphasize that something is true despite an obstacle or contrary fact.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΝ, ΑΛΛΑ, ΚΑΙΤΟΙ
Etymology: From the Greek prefix ὁμο- (homo-), meaning 'same' or 'alike', combined with the suffix -ως (-ōs), which forms adverbs. It originally conveyed the idea of 'in the same way' or 'equally', evolving to mean 'nevertheless' or 'however' in a concessive sense.
G4253
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PRO
Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G5053
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: teh-leoo-TEE-sai
Translations: to die, to finish, to end, to complete
Notes: This word means 'to die' or 'to finish/complete'. It is often used in the context of someone's life ending, or an action being brought to completion. For example, it can be used to say 'he died' or 'to finish a task'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek τελευτάω (teleutaō, “to finish, to die”), from τέλος (telos, “end, completion”).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ahn
Translations: truth, a truth
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with what is real. In a sentence, it typically functions as the direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the thing that is known, spoken, or done truthfully.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ
G5419
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: phra-SAI
Translations: to tell, to say, to declare, to explain, to make known
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'φράζω'. It means 'to tell', 'to say', 'to declare', or 'to explain'. It is often used to express purpose or result, or in indirect statements, indicating the action of communicating information.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΕΙΝ, ΔΗΛΟΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G5382
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: fee-lox-eh-NOH-tah-teen
Translations: most hospitable, very hospitable, a most hospitable (one)
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'hospitable'. It describes something or someone as being 'most hospitable' or 'very hospitable'. It is a compound word derived from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'loving', and 'ξένος' (xenos), meaning 'stranger' or 'guest'. Thus, it literally means 'loving strangers' or 'guest-loving'. It is used to emphasize an extreme degree of hospitality.
Inflection: Superlative, Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: OO-san
Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle
Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.
G1987
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ep-is-TAH-men-os
Translations: knowing, understanding, being acquainted with, being skilled in, being experienced in
Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'epistamai', meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes someone who possesses knowledge, skill, or understanding in a particular area. It can be used to describe a person who is knowledgeable, skilled, or experienced.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΕΙΔΩΣ, ΣΥΝΙΩΝ
G4129
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: play-thoo-OO-san
Translations: increasing, multiplying, growing, becoming numerous
Notes: This word describes something that is increasing in number, quantity, or size. It is often used to refer to a population growing or a group of things becoming more numerous. It functions as a participle, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating an ongoing action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΠΟΛΥΠΛΑΣΙΑΖΩ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G4390
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pro-THOO-mos
Translations: willingly, eagerly, readily, cheerfully
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'willingly' or 'eagerly'. It describes an action performed with a ready and cheerful disposition, indicating a positive and unhesitating attitude towards something. It is often used to emphasize the enthusiasm with which an action is carried out.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚΟΥΣΙΩΣ, ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ
G5118
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toh-SOO-tone
Translations: of so great, of so many, of such, of so much
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'so great,' 'so many,' or 'such.' It is used to indicate a large quantity or degree of something, often emphasizing the extent. It can be used to describe both countable and uncountable nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek words ΤΟΣΟΣ (tos-os), meaning 'so much, so great,' and ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos), meaning 'this, that.'
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DROHN
Translations: of men
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), which means 'man' or 'husband'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of men' or 'belonging to men'. It is used to refer to adult males collectively.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'man'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TON
Translations: (of) themselves, their own
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action or possession relates to the subject itself. It is used to emphasize that the subject is acting upon or possessing something related to itself, rather than someone or something else.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
G3968
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TREE-das
Translations: homelands, fatherlands, countries
Notes: This word refers to one's native country, homeland, or fatherland. It is used to denote the place of one's birth or origin, often carrying a sense of belonging and heritage. In this form, it is the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΧΩΡΑ, ΕΘΝΟΣ
G2641
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON-tes
Translations: leaving behind, forsaking, abandoning, deserting
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of leaving behind or forsaking. It can refer to 'those who have left behind' or 'having left behind'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ
G0864
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-FEE-kon-toh
Translations: they arrived, they came, they reached
Notes: This is a compound verb, meaning 'to arrive' or 'to come to a place'. It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἱκνέομαι (hikneomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to reach'. The form 'ἀφίκοντο' specifically means 'they arrived' or 'they came' in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἱκνέομαι (hikneomai, 'to come, to reach').
G2844
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koy-no-NOY
Translations: partners, companions, sharers, associates, partakers
Notes: This word refers to individuals who share in something with others, participate together, or are associated as companions or partners. It implies a joint involvement or common interest in an activity, possession, or experience.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΚΟΙΝΩΝΟΣ, ΜΕΤΟΧΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2251
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-ras
Translations: of our, of ours
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by the first person plural (we). It functions similarly to the English word 'our', modifying a noun to show that something belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'our strength'.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-noy
Translations: having become, being, having come to pass, having arisen, having been born, having happened
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or a state that has been achieved. It often translates as 'having become' or 'those who have become,' indicating a completed action that results in a new state or identity.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ
G5177
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: too-KHEES
Translations: of fortune, of chance, of luck, fortune, a fortune, chance, a chance, luck, a luck
Notes: This word is a noun referring to fortune, chance, or luck. It describes the outcome of events, whether good or bad, that are not necessarily attributed to divine will or human effort but rather to an unpredictable force. It is often used in contexts discussing the unpredictable nature of life or the role of fate.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΕΙΜΑΡΜΕΝΗ
Etymology: From the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen, to obtain by chance'.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-boo-LEE-thayn
Translations: I willed, I wished, I intended, I purposed, I desired
Notes: This is a verb indicating a past act of willing, wishing, or intending. It describes a deliberate decision or purpose made by the subject. It is often used to express a strong desire or a settled intention.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Deponent
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ (boulomai) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gwelh₁- meaning 'to throw, reach, desire'. It signifies a deliberate act of will or intention, distinguishing it from a mere wish.
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEI-khee
Translations: walls, a wall
Notes: This word refers to walls, typically those of a city or fortress, providing defense or enclosure. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple walls or the collective structure of a city's defenses.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ
G2680
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-oo-AH-sai
Translations: to prepare, to make ready, to build, to construct, to furnish, to equip, to provide
Notes: This word means to prepare, make ready, build, or construct something. It can also imply furnishing or equipping. It is often used in contexts of setting up or arranging things, whether physical structures or abstract concepts like plans or minds. For example, one might 'prepare a road' or 'construct a house'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G5536
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRAY-ma-TON
Translations: (of) money, (of) wealth, (of) riches, (of) goods, (of) possessions
Notes: This word refers to money, wealth, or possessions. It is often used in a general sense to denote material resources or property. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to large sums of money or treasure.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G3709
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GAY
Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, a wrath, an anger
Notes: This word refers to a strong, often violent, emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous wrath against sin. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΧΟΛΗ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *werg- meaning 'to work, to do'. The word originally referred to an 'impulse' or 'disposition', which then developed into the meaning of 'anger' or 'wrath' as an internal working or agitation.
G1159
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dah-pah-NOH-meh-nohn
Translations: of those spending, of those consuming, of those wasting, of those being spent, of those being consumed, of those being wasted
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'dapanaō', meaning 'to spend', 'to consume', or 'to waste'. As a present passive participle in the genitive plural, it refers to 'those who are being spent', 'those who are being consumed', or 'those who are being wasted'. It describes an ongoing action of being expended or used up, often in a financial or resource-related context. It can be used to describe people or things that are in the process of being used up or depleted.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All Genders
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΑΠΑΝΩΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'dapanaō' comes from 'dapanē' (δαπάνη), meaning 'expense' or 'cost'. It is related to the idea of laying out or expending resources.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEE-an
Translations: building, a building, edification, construction
Notes: This word refers to the act or process of building or constructing something, such as a house or a temple. It can also be used metaphorically to mean edification or spiritual building up, referring to the improvement or instruction of a person's character or faith. In the provided context, it refers to the physical construction of the temple.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΙΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tah-ree-kheh-OH-tohn
Translations: (of) curers, (of) salters, (of) picklers, (of) embalmers
Notes: This word refers to those who preserve food, especially meat or fish, by salting or pickling it. It can also refer to those who embalm bodies. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the work of the curers' or 'from the salters'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΤΑΡΙΧΕΥΤΗΣ (taricheutēs) is derived from the verb ταριχεύω (taricheuō), meaning 'to preserve by salting, to pickle, to embalm', which in turn comes from τάριχος (tarichos), meaning 'a mummy, a salted or smoked fish or meat'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3581
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: kseh-NOHN
Translations: of strangers, of foreigners, of guests, of hosts, of aliens, of Gentiles
Notes: This word refers to those who are foreign, alien, or simply guests. It can be used as a noun meaning 'stranger' or 'foreigner,' or as an adjective meaning 'foreign' or 'alien.' In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relation to multiple strangers or foreigners.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΠΑΡΟΙΚΟΣ
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GAY-reh-tai
Translations: is raised, rises, is awakened, is stirred up, is aroused, is built
Notes: This word means to be raised, to rise, to be awakened, or to be stirred up. It can refer to a physical rising, such as from sleep or from the dead, or to a metaphorical stirring, like an emotion or a sound being raised or produced. It is often used to describe something coming into existence or being brought forth.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ, ΥΨΟΥΤΑΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΕΤΑΙ
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NAY
Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise
Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-rin
Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks
Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-ayn
Translations: to have, to hold, to possess, to be able, to keep, to get
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It is used to express possession, a state of being, or ability. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun, serving as the subject or object of another verb, or it can complete the meaning of another verb.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G3670
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GOON-tohn
Translations: confessing, acknowledging, professing, agreeing, admitting
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'homologeo'. It describes an action of confessing, acknowledging, or agreeing. It is often used to indicate someone who is in the act of making a declaration or admission, or who is in agreement with something. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, describing a verb.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΟΜΟΦΩΝΕΩ
G2292
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thar-REH-in
Translations: to be courageous, to take courage, to be confident, to be bold, to be of good cheer
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be courageous,' 'to take courage,' or 'to be confident.' It is often used to encourage someone or to describe a state of mind where one feels bold and unafraid, even in difficult circumstances. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to be courageous' or 'to have courage' in a sentence.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΕΥΨΥΧΕΩ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek root θάρσος (tharsos), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness.'
G4389
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-TREP-oh-MEH-non
Translations: of urging, of exhorting, of encouraging, of inciting, of persuading
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'protrepō', meaning 'to urge forward', 'to exhort', 'to encourage', or 'to incite'. It describes an action of prompting or persuading someone to do something. As a genitive plural, it often functions to describe the action of multiple individuals who are doing the urging or exhorting.
Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle/Passive, Genitive, Masculine/Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΠΕΙΘΟΝΤΩΝ
G1056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yoy
Translations: Galileans
Notes: This word refers to people who are from Galilee, a region in northern ancient Israel. It is used to describe inhabitants or natives of that area.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: From Γαλιλαία (Galilaia), the name of the region, which is of Hebrew origin. It refers to the 'circle' or 'district' of the Gentiles.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: tee-beh-ree-EES
Translations: Tiberians, people of Tiberias
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of the city of Tiberias, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. It is used to identify people originating from or associated with that city.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The city of Tiberias was named in honor of the Roman Emperor Tiberius. The word is derived from the name 'Tiberius'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G2372
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THOO-moys
Translations: (to) passions, (to) rage, (to) wrath, (to) anger, (to) indignation
Notes: This word refers to a strong emotional state, often characterized by intense anger, rage, or passionate indignation. It can also denote a strong desire or impulse. In the provided examples, it is used to describe individuals being inflamed or filled with rage, often in response to perceived injustices or blasphemies.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΘΥΜΙΑΜΑ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ
G1961
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PEH-meh-non
Translations: they were remaining, they continued, they were abiding, they were persevering, they were persisting
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. Together, it means to remain in a place, continue in a state or action, persevere, or persist. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai
Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises
Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
G4714
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STA-sis
Translations: standing, a standing, dissension, a dissension, insurrection, an insurrection, uprising, a uprising, sedition, a sedition
Notes: This word refers to a standing, a position, or a state of being. It can also denote a state of dissension, disagreement, or conflict, often leading to an uprising or insurrection. In a physical sense, it means the act of standing still or taking a stand. In a social or political context, it refers to a revolt or civil strife.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΡΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand, to make to stand'. It refers to the act or state of standing.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loos
Translations: one another, each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that the action of the verb is performed by each member of a group upon the other members. For example, 'they loved one another'. It is a compound word formed from the word ἈΛΛΟΣ (ALLOS), meaning 'other'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine. Reciprocal pronouns do not have singular forms and are only found in the genitive, dative, and accusative cases.
G2849
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koh-LA-sin
Translations: to punish, to chastise, to torment, to correct
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'to punish' or 'to chastise'. It indicates the action of inflicting punishment or correction upon someone. It can be used to express purpose, result, or as a complement to another verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ
G0546
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-pay-LOON-tohn
Translations: of those threatening, of those who threaten, of those who are threatening
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'threatening' or 'menacing'. It describes an ongoing action and functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or pronoun. In this form, it is in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of those who are threatening' or 'of the ones threatening'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ἈΠΕΙΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G2706
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-froh-NEH-in
Translations: to despise, to scorn, to disdain, to look down on, to treat with contempt
Notes: This verb means to hold someone or something in contempt, to look down upon them, or to treat them with disregard. It implies a sense of superiority or a lack of respect for the object of the action. It is often used to describe an attitude of contempt towards laws, people, or things considered inferior.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΟΡΑΩ, ΟΛΙΓΩΡΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneo), meaning 'to think' or 'to have understanding'. Thus, it literally means 'to think down upon' or 'to think against'.
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.
G1861
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ang-GEI-lah-men
Translations: I promised, I announced, I proclaimed, I declared
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to promise,' 'to announce,' or 'to proclaim.' It is often used in the context of making a solemn declaration or a commitment. It can refer to a promise made by God or by humans, or to the announcement of good news.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
G5085
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: tee-beh-ree-AH-dee
Translations: (to) Tiberias
Notes: This is the name of a city in Galilee, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. It was founded by Herod Antipas and named in honor of the Roman Emperor Tiberius. In the New Testament, the Sea of Galilee is sometimes referred to as the Sea of Tiberias.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G2680
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-skye-vah-SEEN
Translations: to prepare, to build, to construct, to make ready, to furnish, to provide
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against, according to') and σκευάζω (skeuazo, 'to prepare, to make ready'). It means to prepare something thoroughly, to construct, or to furnish. It is used to describe the act of bringing something into a state of readiness or completion, whether it's building a structure, preparing a meal, or equipping a person.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-lais
Translations: (to) other, (to) another, (to) different
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other,' 'another,' or 'different.' It is used to refer to something distinct from what has already been mentioned or is currently being discussed. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun is one of a different kind or an additional one.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another.' It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-sin
Translations: to cities, for cities, in cities, among cities
Notes: This word refers to a city or a town. In this form, it is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'in', or 'among', indicating location or direction towards multiple cities.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G0316
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-nang-KAI-aiss
Translations: (to) necessary, (for) necessary, (to) things necessary, (for) things necessary
Notes: This word describes something that is necessary, essential, or unavoidable. It can refer to things that are compulsory, urgent, or even related to kinship (as in 'necessary relations'). In this form, it would be used to indicate the recipient or purpose of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ, ΧΡΕΙΑ
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pis-TEV-san-tes
Translations: having believed, having trusted, having put faith in
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has performed the act of believing or trusting. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or as an adverb, describing how an action was performed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΕΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣΑΝΤΕΣ
G5298
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-peh-kho-ROO-oon
Translations: they were withdrawing, they were yielding, they were retiring, they were giving way
Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect indicative form of the verb ὑποχωρέω (hypochōreō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were withdrawing' or 'they were yielding'. It implies a movement away from a place or a situation, often due to pressure or to give space.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ὑποχωρέω (hypochōreō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to go', 'to make room', or 'to advance'. Thus, it literally means 'to go from under' or 'to make room under', leading to the sense of withdrawing or yielding.
G1538
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Part of Speech: Pronominal Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EK-as-tos
Translations: each, every, every one, everyone
Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every' and refers to individual members within a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It is used to single out every single person or thing from a larger collection. For example, 'each person' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown origin, possibly related to ἕκας (hekas, 'far off').
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO
Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.
Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').
G2532, G1473
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: kah-GOH
Translations: and I, but I, I also, I too
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the conjunction "καὶ" (kai, meaning "and" or "but") and the first-person singular pronoun "ἐγώ" (egō, meaning "I"). It therefore means "and I" or "but I," often emphasizing the "I" or indicating that the speaker is also included in an action or statement. It functions as a subject pronoun.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1680
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: el-PEE-dah
Translations: hope, a hope, expectation, an expectation
Notes: This word refers to the feeling of expectation and desire for something to happen, often with a sense of confidence or trust. It is used to describe both a general feeling of hope and the specific object of that hope. It can be used in sentences like 'We have hope for the future' or 'He placed his hope in God'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΙΑ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
G1333
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-fyoo-GOHN
Translations: having escaped, having fled through, escaping, fleeing through
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb φεύγω (pheugo), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. Therefore, it means 'to flee through' or 'to escape completely'. It describes an action of successfully getting away from a dangerous situation or place. It is used to describe someone who has accomplished an escape.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩΝ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G4280
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: pro-ee-REE-may-non
Translations: aforementioned, aforesaid, previously mentioned, that which has been said before, the aforementioned thing
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'that which has been said before' or 'the aforementioned'. It functions adjectivally to describe something that has already been mentioned or spoken about. It is often used to refer back to a person, place, or thing that was previously introduced in the text.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΝ
G2793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kin-DY-non
Translations: danger, a danger, peril, a peril, risk, a risk
Notes: This word refers to a state of danger, peril, or risk. It is commonly used to describe a situation where harm or loss is possible. For example, one might face danger in a difficult journey or be exposed to a risk in a challenging endeavor.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΜΑ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΣΙΣ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LON
Translations: of friends, friends
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of friends' or simply 'friends' when the context implies possession or association. For example, 'the house of friends' or 'among friends'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HOP-lee-tohn
Translations: of hoplites, of soldiers, of armed men
Notes: This word refers to 'hoplites,' who were heavily armed foot soldiers in ancient Greece. It is used to describe a group or collection of such soldiers, often in the context of their possessions or actions, as indicated by its genitive case.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΩΝ, ΜΑΧΗΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ (hoplites) is derived from ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'armor' or 'weapon.' It refers to a soldier equipped with such armor.
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: ee-KOH-sin
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: This word comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'twenty'.
G3614
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-KEE-an
Translations: house, a house, household, home, a home
Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a house, or a building. It can also refer to the people living in a house, meaning a household or family. It is used to describe a physical structure or the inhabitants within it.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΙΑ (oikia) comes from the word ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to a building or a household.
G5290
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sa
Translations: I returned, I went back, I came back
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to return' or 'to go back'. It describes the action of moving back to a previous place or state. It is often used to indicate a physical return from a journey or a place.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ
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