Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Life of Flavius Josephus, The / The Life of Flavius Josephus / Chapter 37The Life of Flavius Josephus, Chapter 37
Interlinear version from Life of Flavius Josephus, The (Beta)
G2501
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-OH-say-poss
Translations: Joseph
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the male personal name Joseph. It is a common name in biblical texts, appearing frequently in both the Old and New Testaments. It is used to identify individuals, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name ἸΩΣΗΠΟΣ (Iōsēpos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name יוסף (Yosef), meaning 'He will add' or 'May he add'. It was a very common name among Jews and was transliterated into Greek.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-TREE-nays
Translations: of a physician, of a doctor
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ιατρός' (iatros), meaning 'physician' or 'doctor'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to how 'of a doctor' or 'belonging to a doctor' would be used in English. For example, 'the house of a doctor' or 'the skill of a physician'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOOS
Translations: many, much, great
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many', 'much', or 'great'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. In this form, it functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating that 'many' people or things are being acted upon.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΑΦΘΟΝΟΣ
G3495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-ah-NEES-koos
Translations: young men, youths
Notes: This word refers to young men, typically those in the prime of their youth or early adulthood. It is used to describe a group of male individuals who are not yet old men but have passed childhood. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΙ, ΝΕΑΝΙΑΙ
G2309
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: thrah-SAYSS
Translations: bold, daring, reckless, presumptuous, audacious
Notes: This word describes someone who is bold, daring, or audacious. It can also carry a negative connotation, implying recklessness, presumption, or impudence. It is used to characterize individuals who act with excessive confidence or without proper caution.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ, ΑΥΘΑΔΗΣ
G4389
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pro-TREP-sah-MEH-nos
Translations: having exhorted, having encouraged, having urged, having incited, having persuaded
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'προτρέπω' (protrepō). It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject has exhorted, encouraged, or urged someone. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject performed the action of exhorting.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle, Participle
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΣΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΣΑΣ, ΠΕΙΣΑΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G4884
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ah-RAS-thai
Translations: to help, to assist, to take up together, to bear together, to share a burden
Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive of the verb 'συναίρω' (synairō). It means to help someone, to assist them, or to take up a burden or task together with them. It implies a shared effort or participation in an action, often with the nuance of providing aid or support.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word 'συναίρω' is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to lift', 'to take up', or 'to carry'. Thus, its etymological meaning is 'to lift together' or 'to carry together'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1881
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-an-AS-tas
Translations: rebellion, revolt, uprising, insurrection, a rebellion, an uprising
Notes: This word refers to a rebellion, revolt, or uprising. It describes an act of rising up against authority or an established order. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (epi, 'upon' or 'against'), 'ἀνά' (ana, 'up' or 'again'), and 'ἵστημι' (histēmi, 'to stand').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΕΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G1060
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: GAH-mah-lah
Translations: Gamala
Notes: Gamala was an ancient fortified city in the region of Gaulanitis, located on a prominent hill overlooking the Sea of Galilee. It was known for its strategic importance and strong defenses, often referred to as a fortress. It played a significant role in the First Jewish-Roman War.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The name 'Gamala' is derived from the Aramaic word for 'camel', likely due to the city's location on a camel-hump shaped hill.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-toyss
Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first, the first
Notes: This word describes something that is first in time, order, rank, or importance. It can refer to the very first thing, or to something that is preeminent or chief among others. In the provided examples, it is used to refer to 'the first ones' or 'the first things'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΕΥΩ
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PEI-then
Translations: was persuading, he was persuading, she was persuading, it was persuading
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. It describes an action of persuading that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was trying to persuade them' or 'She kept convincing him'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΑΝΑΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΙΘΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G0868
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-phis-TAS-thai
Translations: to withdraw, to depart, to revolt, to fall away, to keep away from, to stand off
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. In its present middle/passive infinitive form, it means 'to withdraw oneself', 'to depart from', or 'to revolt'. It describes the act of moving away from something or someone, either physically or in terms of allegiance or belief. It can be used in contexts of physical separation, but also for spiritual or political defection.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ἈΠΟΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi) is a compound of ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand, to set'). The combination signifies 'to stand away from' or 'to cause to stand away from', leading to meanings of withdrawal or defection.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohs
Translations: (of) a king, (of) king
Notes: This word refers to a monarch or sovereign ruler. It is used to denote the leader of a kingdom or nation. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to a king' or 'from a king'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BANE
Translations: to take up, to receive, to assume, to pick up, to take along
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take something up, to lift, to receive, or to assume something. It can be used in contexts of taking someone along, picking something up, or even being taken up into heaven.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OP-lah
Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs
Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ
Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1657
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-lew-the-REE-an
Translations: freedom, liberty, a freedom, a liberty
Notes: This word refers to the state of being free, or the power to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint. It is often used in contexts of political or personal independence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΣΙΣ, ἈΦΕΣΙΣ
G0618
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-po-lay-pso-MEH-noos
Translations: about to receive, about to take back, about to get back, about to recover
Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb ἀπολαμβάνω, meaning 'to receive,' 'to take back,' or 'to get back.' As a future participle, it indicates an action that is 'about to happen' or 'destined to happen' in the future, often with the sense of 'those who are about to receive' or 'those who will receive.' It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively to refer to 'the ones who are about to receive.'
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Future, Middle/Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΛΗΨΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nas
Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things
Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G0971
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-bee-AH-san-toh
Translations: they forced, they compelled, they did violence, they pressed, they urged
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to force,' 'to compel,' or 'to do violence.' It describes an action where someone exerts power or pressure to make something happen or to overcome resistance. It can be used in contexts where physical force is applied or where strong persuasion or urgency is involved.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΒΙΑΖΩ comes from the noun βία (bia), meaning 'force' or 'violence'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4909
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ah-RES-koh-meh-noos
Translations: pleasing together, being pleased with, being well-pleased with
Notes: This word describes the state of being pleased together with someone or something, or being in agreement with. It implies a mutual satisfaction or approval. It is often used to convey a sense of shared delight or contentment, or to indicate that one is well-pleased with a particular action or person.
Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΥΔΟΚΕΩ
Etymology: From the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΑΡΕΣΚΩ (ARESKO), meaning 'to please' or 'to be agreeable'. Thus, it literally means 'to please together' or 'to be agreeable with'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G1106
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GNO-maiss
Translations: opinions, judgments, purposes, counsels, decisions, intentions, thoughts, minds
Notes: This word refers to opinions, judgments, or purposes. It can describe a person's thoughts, intentions, or the decisions they make. It is often used in the plural to refer to a collection of ideas or a group's collective judgment.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΑΙΣ, ΔΟΞΑΙΣ, ΕΝΝΟΙΑΙΣ
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-EE-roon
Translations: they were killing, they were destroying, they were taking up, they were abolishing
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'again') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take' or 'to seize'). In its imperfect form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to kill' or 'to destroy' (especially in a violent manner), or 'to take up' or 'to abolish'. For example, it could be used to say 'they were killing the enemies' or 'they were taking up the offerings'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΊΝΩ, ΚΤΕΊΝΩ, ὈΛΕΘΡΕΎΩ
G2892
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KTEI-noo-see
Translations: they kill, they slay, they murder
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It is used to describe the action of one or more subjects causing the death of another. It can be used in various contexts where an act of killing or murder takes place.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word κτείνω comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to kill' or 'to strike'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kha-RE-ta
Translations: Charetes
Notes: This is a proper noun, a masculine personal name, likely 'Charetes' or 'Charitas'. It is used to refer to a specific individual in historical texts. In the provided examples, it refers to a person involved in various events, often alongside other named individuals.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Charetes' is derived from the Greek word 'χάρις' (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. Names ending in -ητης were common in ancient Greek.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nah
Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything
Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G4773
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: syng-ge-NON
Translations: (of) relatives, (of) kinsmen, (of) kinsfolk
Notes: This word refers to those who are related by birth, such as relatives, kinsmen, or kinsfolk. It is used to describe people who share a common ancestry or family connection. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of relatives' or 'among relatives'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΩΝ
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.
G2459
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-STOO
Translations: of Justus
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper name 'Justus'. It refers to a person named Justus and indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of Justus' or 'Justus''s'. It is used to show that something belongs to or is associated with Justus.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G5087
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Tih-beh-ree-EHS
Translations: (of) a Tiberian, (of) a man from Tiberias
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to someone from the city of Tiberias. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of a Tiberian' or 'of a man from Tiberias'. For example, 'the sister of the Tiberian' or 'the man from Tiberias'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FEN
Translations: sister, a sister
Notes: This word refers to a female sibling. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is used to denote a biological sister, or metaphorically, a fellow believer or a close female companion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ἀδελφή (adelphē) is derived from ἀδελφός (adelphos), which is a compound of the copulative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'together' or 'same') and δελφύς (delphys, 'womb'). Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.
G337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NEH-ee-lon
Translations: they took up, they took away, they destroyed, they killed, they put to death
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'again') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take' or 'to choose'). In its aorist form, it commonly means 'to take up,' 'to take away,' 'to destroy,' or 'to kill.' It is used to describe an action of removing something or someone, often with a sense of finality or violence, such as putting someone to death.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ, ἈΝΕΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word ἀναιρέω is a compound of the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize.' Its etymology reflects the action of taking something up or away.
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).
G4280
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-EI-po-men
Translations: we said before, we have said before, we told beforehand, we have told beforehand
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΠΡΟ- (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in advance,' and the verb ΕΙΠΩ (eipō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak.' Therefore, it means 'to say beforehand' or 'to tell in advance.' It is used to refer to something that has already been stated or mentioned earlier in a text or conversation.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟ (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of,' and the verb ΕΙΠΩ (eipō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak.' The verb ΕΙΠΩ itself is a root verb with a long history in Greek, related to the act of speaking.
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: grah-FOO-see
Translations: they write, they are writing, they record, they register, they draw, they paint
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they write' or 'they are writing'. It can also mean to record, register, draw, or paint. It is used to describe the action of multiple subjects performing the act of writing or similar actions. For example, 'they write a letter' or 'they record the events'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G3870
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOON-tes
Translations: exhorting, comforting, encouraging, appealing, beseeching, entreating, inviting, calling upon, a comforter, an encourager
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'παρακαλέω'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the process of exhorting, comforting, encouraging, or appealing to others. It can function adjectivally (e.g., 'the comforting ones') or adverbially (e.g., 'while comforting').
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΝΘΑΡΡΥΝΟΝΤΕΣ
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PEM-psai
Translations: to send, to send forth, to dispatch, to send away
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. It is often used in contexts where someone is sent on a mission, to a place, or to deliver something. It can also imply sending something away or dismissing it.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pempeh₂- (to send, to drive).
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DY-na-min
Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. It is used to describe the capacity to perform something, whether physical, moral, or spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HOP-lee-tohn
Translations: of hoplites, of soldiers, of armed men
Notes: This word refers to 'hoplites,' who were heavily armed foot soldiers in ancient Greece. It is used to describe a group or collection of such soldiers, often in the context of their possessions or actions, as indicated by its genitive case.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΩΝ, ΜΑΧΗΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ (hoplites) is derived from ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'armor' or 'weapon.' It refers to a soldier equipped with such armor.
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-nas-TEE-son-tas
Translations: those who will raise up, about to raise up, to raise up, those who will stand up, about to stand up, to stand up
Notes: This word is a future active participle, masculine or feminine, accusative plural, derived from the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi). It describes an action that will happen in the future, indicating 'those who will raise up' or 'those who will stand up'. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often translated with phrases like 'those who are about to...' or 'those who will...'.
Inflection: Future, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΓΕΙΡΩ, ὈΡΘΟΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lee
Translations: (to) a city, (to) the city, (in) a city, (in) the city, (for) a city, (for) the city
Notes: This word refers to a city or town. As a dative case, it indicates location, direction towards, or the indirect object of an action. For example, it can mean 'in the city,' 'to the city,' or 'for the city,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEI-khee
Translations: walls, a wall
Notes: This word refers to walls, typically those of a city or fortress, providing defense or enclosure. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple walls or the collective structure of a city's defenses.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ
G2532, G1473
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: kah-GOH
Translations: and I, but I, I also, I too
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the conjunction "καὶ" (kai, meaning "and" or "but") and the first-person singular pronoun "ἐγώ" (egō, meaning "I"). It therefore means "and I" or "but I," often emphasizing the "I" or indicating that the speaker is also included in an action or statement. It functions as a subject pronoun.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oo-deh-TEH-ron
Translations: neither, neither one, a neutral thing, a neutral one
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'neither' or 'neutral'. It is used to indicate that something is not one of two alternatives, or that it is impartial and does not take a side. It can be used to describe a person, an object, or a concept.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ΔΕ (oude), meaning 'not even' or 'nor', and ΕΤΕΡΟΣ (heteros), meaning 'other' or 'another'.
G0483
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-TEI-pon
Translations: I spoke against, I contradicted, I opposed, I gainsaid, I replied
Notes: This word is the first aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀντιλέγω (antilegō), meaning 'to speak against' or 'to contradict'. It is a compound word formed from ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes the action of speaking in opposition to someone or something, or of gainsaying a statement.
Inflection: First Aorist, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΦΗΜΙ, ΑΝΤΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ἀντιλέγω is formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Its etymology reflects the core meaning of speaking in opposition.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G0515
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eex-ee-OH-san
Translations: they deemed worthy, they thought fit, they requested, they asked, they demanded
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to consider someone or something worthy, to think it appropriate, or to make a request or demand. It is often used to express that a group of people considered something to be deserved or fitting, or that they made a formal petition.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΩΤΑΩ
Etymology: The word ἀξιόω (axioō) comes from the Greek word ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'.
G0868
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PHIS-tah-tai
Translations: he stands away, he departs, he withdraws, he revolts, he falls away, he abstains
Notes: This word describes the action of standing away from something or someone, indicating a departure, withdrawal, or separation. It can also imply a more active sense of revolting or falling away from a belief or allegiance. In some contexts, it can mean to abstain from something.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from") and ἵστημι (histēmi, "to stand"). It literally means 'to stand from' or 'to stand off'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: GOW-lah-NEE-tis
Translations: Gaulanitis, the Gaulanitis region, of Gaulanitis
Notes: This word refers to the region of Gaulanitis, also known as Golan, which is a geographical area located east of the Sea of Galilee. It is often used to describe the land or people associated with this region. It can function as a proper noun referring to the region itself, or as an adjective meaning 'of Gaulanitis'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'ΓΑΥΛΑΝΙΤΙΣ' is derived from 'ΓΑΥΛΑΝ' (Gaulan), which is the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Golan'. It refers to the region known as the Golan Heights.
G5561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHO-rah
Translations: country, a country, land, a land, region, a region, place, a place, field, a field
Notes: This word refers to a geographical area, territory, or a specific plot of land. It can denote a large region, a specific country, or even a cultivated field. It is used to describe the physical space or territory associated with a people or a ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the concept of 'space' or 'place'.
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.
G2968
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-mays
Translations: of a village, of a town, of a country town
Notes: This word refers to a village, a small town, or a country town. It is used to describe a settlement that is smaller than a city but larger than a mere collection of houses. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of a village'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΩΜΟΠΟΛΙΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom- (meaning 'village, settlement'). It is related to the Latin 'vicus' (village) and the English 'home'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: so-LOO-mees
Translations: Solymis, of Solymis
Notes: This word refers to Solymis, a place name, likely a village or region. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Solymis'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The etymology of 'Solymis' is not definitively known, but it is a geographical name. It may be related to ancient peoples or places known as Solymi.
G4581
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: seh-lew-KAY-ah
Translations: Seleucia
Notes: Seleucia refers to a city, most notably Seleucia Pieria, a major port city of ancient Syria, located near the mouth of the Orontes River and about 10 miles west of Antioch. It was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, one of Alexander the Great's generals, and served as a significant center during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. It is often mentioned in historical and biblical contexts as a point of departure or arrival for journeys.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Seleucia' is derived from the name of its founder, Seleucus I Nicator, a general of Alexander the Great and founder of the Seleucid Empire.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soh-GAH-nee
Translations: Sogane
Notes: Sogane is a proper noun, referring to a specific place, likely a town or village in the ancient region of Gaulanitis, mentioned in historical texts by Josephus. It is used to denote a geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of 'Sogane' is uncertain, but it is likely a place name of local or regional origin, possibly Aramaic or Hebrew, given its geographical context in the ancient Near East.
G5449
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FYOO-say
Translations: (to) nature, (to) birth, (to) kind, (to) origin, (to) character, (to) species, (to) natural disposition
Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or natural order of something. It can describe the essential quality or disposition of a person, animal, or thing. In the dative case, as seen here, it often implies 'by nature' or 'naturally,' indicating an inherent quality or manner of being.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ
G2968
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-maiss
Translations: villages, in villages, to villages
Notes: This word refers to a village or an unwalled town, typically smaller than a city. It is used to describe a rural settlement or a collection of houses outside a major urban center. In the provided examples, it indicates a location where people might dwell or gather.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΙ, ΧΩΡΑΙ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to κείμαι (keimai, to lie, to be situated), suggesting a settled place.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-tah-tays
Translations: (to) the most fortified, (to) the strongest, (to) the most secure
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the superlative adjective 'ochyros', meaning 'most fortified', 'strongest', or 'most secure'. It describes something that is very well-protected or unassailable. It would be used to modify a feminine plural noun in the dative case, indicating the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine, Superlative
Synonyms: ἈΣΦΑΛΕΣΤΑΤΑΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΑΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'ochyros' comes from 'ochyroma' (a fortress) and ultimately from 'echo' (to hold, to have), implying something that holds strong or is held securely.
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-koh-DOH-may-sah
Translations: I built, I constructed, I established
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to establish' or 'to edify'. It describes the act of creating or putting together a structure, or of strengthening and developing something. The form provided is a past tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G0507
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AN-oh
Translations: up, above, upward, up to, on high, heaven
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating direction or location. It means 'up', 'upward', or 'above', often referring to a higher place or position, including heaven. It can be used to describe movement towards a higher point or simply being located in a higher place.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΝΩΘΕΝ, ἘΠΑΝΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *an- 'on, upon'. It is related to other Greek words indicating upward movement or position.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gah-li-LAI-an
Translations: Galilee
Notes: This word refers to Galilee, a significant region in northern ancient Israel. It is often used to indicate movement towards or into this region, or as the direct object of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G2968
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-mas
Translations: villages, a village
Notes: This word refers to villages or small towns, typically unfortified settlements in the countryside, distinct from larger cities. It is used to describe places where people live outside of major urban centers.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑΙ
G3849
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-noo
Translations: very, exceedingly, altogether, quite, entirely, completely
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of an adjective or another adverb. It conveys a sense of completeness or high degree, similar to 'very' or 'exceedingly' in English. It can be used to emphasize the extent or quality of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From the root ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It developed into an adverb indicating 'altogether' or 'completely'.
G4075
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pe-TRO-dees
Translations: rocky, stony, a rocky, a stony
Notes: This word describes something that is full of rocks or stones, or has the nature of rock. It is used to characterize ground or terrain that is difficult to cultivate or traverse due to its rocky composition. For example, one might speak of 'rocky ground' or 'stony places'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΙΘΩΔΗΣ, ΤΡΑΧΥΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: OO-sas
Translations: being, existing, that are, which are, those being
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating an ongoing action or state. In this form, it refers to feminine plural nouns in the accusative case.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative, Participle
G5181
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TEH-khee-sah
Translations: I fortified, I built a wall, I walled
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to fortify' or 'to build a wall'. It describes the action of constructing defensive structures, such as walls or fortifications, around a place to protect it. It is used to indicate that the speaker performed this action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΚΤΙΖΩ
G3898
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pa-rap-lee-SEE-ohs
Translations: similarly, likewise, in like manner, in a similar way
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'similarly' or 'likewise'. It is used to indicate that something is done or happens in a way that is comparable or analogous to something else previously mentioned. For example, one might say 'he acted similarly' to describe an action that mirrors another.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΩΣ, ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ
Etymology: The word is derived from the adjective ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ (paraplēsios), meaning 'nearly resembling' or 'similar'. It is a compound word formed from ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and ΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ (plēsios), meaning 'near' or 'neighboring'.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-ta
Translations: names, a name
Notes: This word refers to a name, a designation, or a reputation. It is used to identify individuals, places, or concepts. In a broader sense, it can also signify character, authority, or renown. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'They wrote down the names' or 'His name was great among the people.'
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΩΝΥΜΙΑ, ΚΛΗΣΙΣ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TAIS
Translations: (to) them, (for) them, (with) them, (by) them
Notes: This word is a third-person personal pronoun, specifically the dative plural feminine form. It means 'to them,' 'for them,' 'with them,' or 'by them,' referring to a group of feminine nouns or persons. It indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument of an action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2387
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-AM-nee-ah
Translations: Jamnia, Jabneh
Notes: Jamnia (also known as Jabneh) was an ancient city located on the Mediterranean coast of Judea, south of Joppa. It is significant in Jewish history, particularly after the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 AD, as it became a center for rabbinic Judaism and the Sanhedrin. It is used to refer to the city itself.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Etymology: The name 'Jamnia' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name 'Yavneh' (יבנה).
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-may-ROTH
Translations: Ameroth
Notes: This word refers to Ameroth, a place name. It is used to identify a specific geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The etymology of this specific place name is not clearly documented in standard Koine Greek lexicons. It is likely a transliteration of a Semitic place name.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-kha-RAH-bay
Translations: Acharabe
Notes: Acharabe is a proper noun, likely referring to a specific place, possibly a town or region. In the provided context, it appears alongside other place names, suggesting it is a geographical location that was fortified.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The etymology of Acharabe is uncertain, as it appears to be a proper noun of possibly Semitic or local origin, rather than a common Greek word with a clear derivation from a known root.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-khoo-ROH-sah
Translations: fortified, strengthened, made strong
Notes: This word means to fortify, strengthen, or make strong. It is used to describe the act of building defenses or making something secure, such as a city or a position. It implies making something resistant to attack or decay.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΩ
G2736
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KAH-toh
Translations: down, below, beneath, underneath
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'down' or 'below'. It indicates a position or direction that is lower than something else. It can be used to describe movement downwards or a location at a lower level.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΚΑΤΩ, ΚΑΤΩΘΕΝ
Etymology: From the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to'.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yah
Translations: Galilee
Notes: Galilee is a region in northern ancient Israel, known for its fertile land and significant role in biblical history, particularly as the primary setting for Jesus's ministry. It is often referred to in the New Testament.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Galilee' comes from the Hebrew word 'galil' (גָּלִיל), meaning 'circle' or 'district'. It referred to a district of northern Israel, particularly the region inhabited by Gentiles.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-leess
Translations: cities, a city
Notes: This word refers to a city or a town. It is used to describe a populated area with buildings and infrastructure, often with a distinct political or administrative structure. In the provided context, it refers to multiple cities, specifically 'fortified cities'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G5088
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ta-ri-KHE-as
Translations: embalmer, a salter, a curer of meat or fish
Notes: This word refers to a person who practices the art of preserving bodies, typically through embalming, or who salts and cures meat or fish. It describes someone involved in the preservation of perishable goods.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G5085
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Tih-beh-ree-AH-dah
Translations: Tiberias
Notes: Tiberias is a city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee in ancient Israel. It was founded by Herod Antipas around 20 AD and named in honor of the Roman Emperor Tiberius. It is frequently mentioned in historical texts and the New Testament.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Tiberias' is derived from the Roman Emperor Tiberius, in whose honor the city was founded by Herod Antipas.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sep-FO-rin
Translations: Sepphoris
Notes: This is the name of an ancient city in the Galilee region of Israel, located about 6 kilometers northwest of Nazareth. It was a significant administrative and commercial center during the Roman period and is known for its rich history and archaeological sites. The word here is an inflection of the city's name.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ar-BEE-lohn
Translations: Arbela, Arbel
Notes: This word refers to Arbela, an ancient city in Assyria (modern-day Erbil in Iraq). It was a significant historical location, known for the Battle of Gaugamela, sometimes referred to as the Battle of Arbela, where Alexander the Great decisively defeated Darius III of Persia. The word is used to identify this specific geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive
Etymology: The name 'Arbela' is of Semitic origin, likely Akkadian, meaning 'four gods' (Arba-ilu). It was a significant religious and administrative center in ancient Mesopotamia.
G4693
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: spee-LAI-on
Translations: cave, a cave, den, a den
Notes: This word refers to a natural hollow or a large chamber in the side of a hill or cliff, or underground. It is typically used to describe a place of shelter or hiding, or a dwelling for animals. For example, one might enter into a cave or stand under a cave.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΠΗ, ΚΟΙΛΩΜΑ
Etymology: From σπῆλαιον (spēlaion), which is related to σπέος (speos), meaning 'cave' or 'grotto'.
G0996
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ber-soo-BAH-ee
Translations: Beersheba
Notes: This is the name of an ancient city located in the Negev desert of southern Israel. It is mentioned frequently in the Hebrew Bible and is significant for its association with the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. It was considered the southernmost city of ancient Israel, often referred to as 'from Dan to Beersheba'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative (indeclinable form)
Etymology: The name 'Beersheba' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'well of the oath' or 'well of seven'. It is derived from the Hebrew words 'beer' (well) and 'sheba' (oath or seven), referring to the covenant made there between Abraham and Abimelech, or to the seven wells/ewes involved in that covenant.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: seh-LAH-main
Translations: Selame
Notes: This word refers to Selame, a place name mentioned in historical texts, specifically by Josephus. It is a fortified city in Galilee. The exact location is debated, but it is generally understood to be a geographical proper noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The etymology of 'Selame' is uncertain, but it is likely of Semitic origin, common for place names in the region of Galilee.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-TAH-pah-tah
Translations: Jotapata
Notes: Jotapata was a fortified city in Galilee, a region in ancient Israel. It is historically significant for the siege it endured during the First Jewish-Roman War (66-73 AD), as described by the historian Josephus, who commanded the Jewish forces there. It is always used to refer to this specific location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (depending on context, e.g., ἸΩΤΑΠΑΤΑΝ is accusative, ἸΩΤΑΠΑΤΑ is nominative, ἸΩΤΑΠΑΤΑΣ is genitive)
Etymology: The origin of the name 'Jotapata' is not definitively known, but it is a place name of ancient Semitic origin, likely pre-Greek.
G2584
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ka-PHA-rath
Translations: Caphareth, Capharath
Notes: This word refers to Capharath, a town in Galilee mentioned by Josephus. It is a proper noun, identifying a specific geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Capharath is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'village of the threshing floor' or 'village of the pit'. It is a compound of 'kfar' (village) and 'rath' (threshing floor/pit).
G2970
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-moss
Translations: revelry, carousing, a revelry, a carousing, orgies
Notes: This word refers to a revel, a carousal, or an orgy, often implying a boisterous and unrestrained feast or celebration, typically involving drinking, music, and dancing. It is generally used in a negative sense, denoting excessive and immoral indulgence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΙΠΑΛΗ, ΜΕΘΗ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb κωμάζω (komazo), meaning 'to revel' or 'to go about in a komos'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soh-GAH-nai
Translations: Sogane, Sogana
Notes: This word refers to Sogane, a place name, likely a town or region in ancient Galilee. It is a proper noun used to identify a specific geographical location.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The etymology of 'Sogane' is not well-documented in ancient Greek sources, but it is believed to be a place name of local origin, possibly Aramaic or Hebrew, adapted into Greek.
G1886
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PAH-fah-oh
Translations: to touch, to graze, to handle, to lay hold of
Notes: This word is likely an inflection or a misspelling related to the verb 'ἐπαφάω' (epaphaō), which means 'to touch lightly, to graze, or to lay hold of'. It describes the act of making contact with something, often in a gentle or fleeting manner. It can also imply a more firm grasp or handling depending on the context. The form 'ΠΑΦΑ' itself is not a standard Koine Greek word, but it strongly suggests a connection to 'ἐπαφάω'.
Inflection: Uncertain, possibly a misspelling or a very rare/dialectal form. It could be related to an aorist or imperfect tense, but its exact grammatical function as 'ΠΑΦΑ' is not clear.
Synonyms: ΑΠΤΟΜΑΙ, ΘΙΓΓΑΝΩ, ΨΑΥΩ
Etymology: The verb ἐπαφάω (epaphaō) is formed from the prefix ἐπι- (epi-), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition', and the verb ἁφάω (haphaō), which means 'to touch'. It emphasizes the action of touching or laying hold of something.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2446
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-tah-BOO-ree-on
Translations: Tabor, Mount Tabor
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mount Tabor, a prominent mountain in Galilee, Israel. It is mentioned in the Old Testament and is traditionally believed to be the site of the Transfiguration of Jesus. In the provided context, it is used to refer to the mountain itself.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name for the mountain, 'Tabor'.
G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-ros
Translations: mountain, a mountain, hill, a hill
Notes: This word refers to a mountain or a hill. It is commonly used to describe a natural elevation of the earth's surface, often a significant landmark or a place of refuge or religious significance in ancient texts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΝΟΣ, ΟΡΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- meaning 'to rise, to ascend'.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G5129
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TAH-oo-tas
Translations: these
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning "this" or "these." It is used to point out something specific, similar to how "this" or "these" are used in English. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ
G4621
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SEE-tos
Translations: grain, a grain, corn, a corn, wheat, a wheat, food, a food
Notes: This word refers to grain, especially wheat, or more generally, food. It is often used in contexts related to agriculture, provisions, or sustenance. It can be used to describe the crop itself or the prepared food derived from it.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΙΤΕΙΑ, ΣΙΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word "σῖτος" (sitos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to refer to grain or food.
G0659
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-THEH-meen
Translations: I put off, I lay aside, I deposit, I store away
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Together, it means to put something away, to lay it aside, or to deposit it. It can be used literally for storing physical objects or metaphorically for discarding habits, attitudes, or burdens.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΕΩ, ΑΠΟΡΡΙΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-LOON
Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, a lot
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. In the provided examples, it is used with 'χρόνον' (time) to mean 'much time' or 'a long time'. It is often used to modify nouns, indicating a significant amount or multitude.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΑΦΘΟΝΟΣ
G803
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-fah-LI-an
Translations: security, safety, certainty, assurance, a security, a safety
Notes: This word refers to the state of being safe, secure, or free from danger. It can also denote certainty or assurance in a matter. It is often used to describe a condition of stability or protection.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
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