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Interlinear version from Life of Flavius Josephus, The (Beta)
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TAWT
Translations: this, that, these, those
Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-san
Translations: having heard, when they heard, after hearing
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to hear'. It is an aorist active participle, indicating an action that occurred prior to the main verb in the sentence. It describes someone who has completed the act of hearing. It is often translated as 'having heard' or 'when they heard', and it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G3947
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pah-rok-SYN-then
Translations: having been provoked, having been angered, having been exasperated, having been incited
Notes: This word is the aorist passive participle (neuter singular) of the verb 'παροξύνω' (paroxynō). It describes something that has been provoked, angered, or incited to a strong emotional reaction, often indignation or irritation. It functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, indicating a state or action completed in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΣΘΕΝ, ΘΥΜΩΘΕΝ, ΟΡΓΙΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: The word 'παροξύνω' (paroxynō) is a compound word formed from the prefix 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ὀξύνω' (oxynō), meaning 'to sharpen' or 'to incite'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of sharpening or inciting someone alongside or to a particular point, leading to the meaning of provoking or irritating.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2493
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-na-THAN
Translations: Jonathan
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Hebrew name Jonathan. It is a common biblical name, notably the son of King Saul and a close friend of David. In this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Jonathan is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yehonatan (יְהוֹנָתָן), meaning 'Yahweh has given' or 'gift of God'. It combines the divine name Yahweh (יהוה) with the verb 'natan' (נתן), meaning 'to give'.
G3729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HOR-ma
Translations: he/she/it rushed, he/she/it started, he/she/it urged, he/she/it set in motion
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'hormaō', meaning to rush, to set in motion, or to urge on. It describes a sudden, forceful movement or the act of initiating something with vigor. It is often used to describe a person or animal charging forward, or a strong impulse to act.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΗΔΑΩ, ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G4840
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soom-pa-RON-tas
Translations: being present with, those present with, accompanying
Notes: This word is a compound participle meaning 'being present with' or 'accompanying'. It describes someone who is alongside another person or group, participating in the same event or situation. It is often used to refer to companions or associates.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΩΝ, ΣΥΝΩΝ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G1311
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: dee-af-theh-ROON-tes
Translations: destroying, corrupting, ruining, spoiling, wasting
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'destroying' or 'corrupting'. It describes an ongoing action of causing something to decay, spoil, or be ruined. It can be used to describe people who are in the process of destroying or corrupting something or someone.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G2532, G0302
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: KAN
Translations: even if, although, and if, even though, if, though
Notes: ΚἈΝ is a compound word, formed by the contraction of the conjunction ΚΑΙ (and, also, even) and the particle ἈΝ (a conditional or potential particle). It is used to introduce a conditional clause, often with a concessive sense, meaning 'even if' or 'although'. It can also simply mean 'and if' or 'if' in certain contexts, indicating a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙΠΕΡ
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-PRAH-khei-san
Translations: they had done, they had accomplished, they had performed, they had practiced
Notes: This is a verb indicating an action that was completed in the past before another past action. It describes what 'they' (a plural subject) had done, accomplished, or performed. It is often used to describe the outcome or result of past actions.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gon
Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business
Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gah-li-LAI-oos
Translations: Galileans
Notes: This word refers to people from Galilee, a region in northern ancient Israel. It is used to denote the inhabitants or natives of that area.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Etymology: From Γαλιλαία (Galilaia), the name of the region, which is of Hebrew origin meaning 'circle' or 'district'.
G3973
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PAH-sah
Translations: I stopped, I ceased, I rested
Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'παύω' (paúō). It means 'I stopped' or 'I ceased'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that the subject brought something to a halt or came to a halt themselves.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G3709
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GAYS
Translations: (of) wrath, (of) anger, (of) indignation
Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in the New Testament to denote God's righteous anger or wrath against sin, which can lead to judgment or punishment. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ὀργάω (orgao), meaning 'to swell, to be full of sap,' suggesting a swelling or rising of emotion.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-FAYN
Translations: I said, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This is the first aorist active indicative form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone said in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'he/she/it said' depending on the context. It can refer to a specific utterance or a general statement made previously.
Inflection: First Aorist, Active, Indicative, Singular, First or Third Person
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: The verb φημί (phēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- meaning 'to speak, tell, say'. It is related to Latin fari ('to speak') and English 'ban' (in the sense of proclamation).
G4784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-gih-NOH-skeen
Translations: to know with, to be conscious of, to be aware of, to pardon, to excuse, to forgive
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It signifies knowing something in common with someone, or being conscious of something. In a moral sense, it can mean to be aware of one's own faults, or to show understanding and pardon to others. It is often used in contexts of acknowledging, excusing, or forgiving.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. The root γινώσκω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).
G4238
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: pep-rag-MEH-non
Translations: (of) things done, (of) deeds, (of) actions, (of) accomplishments
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. It refers to things that have been done or accomplished, often translated as 'deeds' or 'actions'. It functions as a noun in this form, indicating possession or relation to these completed actions.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter, Perfect, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEL-loy-en
Translations: would be about to, might be about to, would intend, might intend
Notes: This word is an inflection of the verb 'μέλλω', which means 'to be about to', 'to intend', or 'to be on the point of'. It is used to express an action that is imminent or intended to happen in the future. In this specific inflected form, it often conveys a sense of potential or hypothetical future action, similar to 'would' or 'might' in English.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Imperfect, Optative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word μέλλω comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to delay, to hesitate'. In Greek, it evolved to signify being on the point of doing something, or intending to do something.
G3340
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-noh-AY-seen
Translations: to repent, to change one's mind, to feel remorse, to regret
Notes: This word describes the act of changing one's mind, often implying a change for the better, a turning away from past actions or beliefs. It can signify a deep regret or remorse that leads to a transformation in behavior or perspective. It is used to express a fundamental shift in one's thinking or purpose.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετανοέω (metanoéō), a compound of μετά (metá, 'with, after, change') and νοέω (noéō, 'to perceive, to think'). It literally means 'to perceive afterwards' or 'to change one's mind'.
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: por-yoo-THEN-tes
Translations: having gone, going, went, departed
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having gone' or 'having departed'. It describes an action that has been completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate the manner or circumstance of the main action, functioning similarly to an adverbial clause in English. For example, 'Having gone, they advised him' or 'They went and advised him'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3968
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAH-tree-dah
Translations: homeland, a homeland, fatherland, a fatherland, native country, a native country
Notes: This word refers to one's homeland, fatherland, or native country. It is used to denote the place of one's birth or origin, often carrying a sense of belonging or national identity. In a sentence, it would typically be used to refer to the country or region someone comes from or belongs to.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΕΑ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-goy-en
Translations: they might say, they would say, they should say
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. ΛΕΓΟΙΕΝ specifically indicates a potential or hypothetical action in the past or present, often translated with 'might', 'would', or 'should'. It describes what a group of people could or would be saying.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Optative
Synonyms: ΕΡΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G3992
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: PEM-psah-see
Translations: (to) those who sent, (to) the ones having sent
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or nominally. In this dative plural form, it refers to 'those who have sent' or 'the ones who sent' something or someone, often indicating the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of a sending.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΙΛΑΣΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΙΛΑΣΙ
G227
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: tah-lay-THEH
Translations: the true things, the truths, truth
Notes: This word is a contraction of the definite article ΤΑ (the) and the adjective ἈΛΗΘΗ (true, real). The coronis (apostrophe-like mark) indicates that the final vowel of ΤΑ has been elided before the initial vowel of ἈΛΗΘΗ. It is the neuter plural form of the adjective, often used substantively to mean 'the true things' or 'the truths'. It refers to facts, realities, or genuine matters.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person personal pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession, agency, or association, depending on the context and the preposition it might be used with.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Common Gender
Synonyms: ΜΟΙ
G4176
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-po-li-TEV-meh-non
Translations: having lived as a citizen, having conducted oneself, having behaved, having administered, having governed
Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'πολιτεύω' (politeuō). It describes those who have conducted themselves as citizens, managed public affairs, or lived according to certain principles. It implies a past action with continuing results, often related to one's civic or moral conduct.
Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΝΤΩΝ, ΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΑΝΤΩΝ, ΖΗΣΑΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: The verb πολιτεύω (politeuō) comes from πολίτης (politēs), meaning 'citizen', which in turn comes from πόλις (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state'. It originally meant 'to be a citizen' or 'to live as a citizen', and later extended to 'to conduct oneself' or 'to administer public affairs'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PONE
Translations: having said, saying, speaking, after saying
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having said' or 'after saying'. It describes an action that was completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, indicating that someone has spoken. For example, 'Having said this, he left.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΑΣΚΩΝ
G0630
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PEH-loo-on
Translations: they were releasing, they were sending away, they were dismissing, they were divorcing, they were setting free
Notes: This word describes an action of releasing, sending away, dismissing, or setting free. It can also refer to divorcing a spouse. It is used to indicate that a group of people (they) were performing this action in the past, often continuously or repeatedly.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G2543
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: KAI-toy
Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though
Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ
Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: ghee-GNO-skohn
Translations: knowing, understanding, perceiving, recognizing, learning, realizing, discerning, becoming aware
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in the process of knowing, understanding, or perceiving something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the knowing man'), or adverbially, describing the manner of an action (e.g., 'he spoke, knowing the truth'). It implies a continuous or ongoing state of knowledge or recognition.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: The verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃- meaning 'to know'. It is related to Latin (g)noscere and English 'know'.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G5293
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PES-khon-toh
Translations: they promised, they pledged, they offered
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they promised' or 'they pledged'. It is used to describe an action where a group of people made a commitment or gave an assurance to do something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'They promised to help.'
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under') and ἴσχω (ískhō, 'to hold, to have'). The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under' or 'to take upon oneself', leading to the meaning 'to promise'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-ay-SOO-sin
Translations: they will do, they will make, they will perform, they will create
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to do', 'to make', 'to perform', or 'to create'. It is used to describe actions that will be carried out by a group of people in the future. For example, it can refer to people making something, performing a task, or carrying out a command.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΟΥΣΙΝ, ΕΡΓΑΣΟΝΤΑΙ
G3709
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GAYN
Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, punishment, a wrath, an anger
Notes: This word refers to a strong, passionate emotion, often intense anger or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous anger or divine judgment, which often leads to punishment. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΡΓΗ (orgē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werg-, meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It originally referred to an impulse or natural disposition, which then evolved to mean a strong emotion or passion, and eventually anger or wrath.
G1572
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-eh-KAI-eh-toh
Translations: was being kindled, was being inflamed, was burning, was being set on fire
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of' or 'from') and the verb καίω (kaiō, meaning 'to burn'). It describes an action that was continuously happening in the past, indicating something was in the process of being kindled, inflamed, or burning. It often refers to emotions or passions being ignited or intensified.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΙΩ, ΦΛΕΓΩ, ΠΥΡΟΩ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition
Sounds like: KAT
Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G2532, G1691
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: KAH-meh
Translations: and me, also me, even me
Notes: This word is a crasis (contraction) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai), meaning 'and', 'also', or 'even', and the first-person singular accusative pronoun 'ἐμέ' (eme), meaning 'me' or 'myself'. It functions as 'and me', 'also me', or 'even me' in a sentence, indicating that the action or state applies to the speaker in addition to others.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Accusative (from 'ἐμέ')
G3870
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-eh-ka-LOON
Translations: they were calling alongside, they were exhorting, they were comforting, they were appealing to, they were entreating, they were encouraging
Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were calling someone to their side,' 'they were exhorting,' 'they were comforting,' 'they were appealing to,' or 'they were encouraging.' It implies a continuous or habitual action of summoning, urging, or consoling.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΣΙΝ
Etymology: The word παρακαλέω is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to call to one's side.'
G2010
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-pine
Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit
Notes: This word means to give permission or to allow something to happen. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone's care. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or responsibility is assigned.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτρέπω (epitrépō), from ἐπί (epí, 'upon, to') + τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn'). The sense evolved from 'to turn over to' to 'to permit' or 'to entrust'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G5097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tee-moh-RAY-sas-thai
Translations: to punish, to avenge, to take vengeance, to inflict punishment
Notes: This word means to punish, to take vengeance, or to avenge. It describes the act of inflicting retribution or justice upon someone for a wrong committed. It is often used in contexts where someone seeks to retaliate or exact punishment.
Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΕΚΔΙΚΕΩ, ΚΟΛΑΖΩ
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-tah
Translations: such things, such, of such a kind, these things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context, indicating their nature or quality. It often functions as a substantive, meaning 'such things' or 'people of such a kind'.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G5111
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: tol-MAY-san-tas
Translations: daring, having dared, those who dared, those who had the courage
Notes: ΤΟΛΜΗΣΑΝΤΑΣ is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΤΟΛΜΑΩ, meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it refers to 'those who dared' or 'those who had dared' something, often implying a courageous or audacious act. It is used to describe a group of masculine individuals who performed the action of daring.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ
Etymology: The verb ΤΟΛΜΑΩ (tolmaō) comes from the Greek noun τόλμα (tolma), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the idea of enduring or bearing.
G3845
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pan-TOY-oss
Translations: of every kind, of every sort, manifold, various, diverse, all kinds of, every kind of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'of every kind' or 'of every sort'. It is used to describe something that is diverse, manifold, or varied in nature. It can be used to emphasize the wide range or variety of something, such as 'all kinds of fruit' or 'various dangers'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΣ, ΠΑΣ
Etymology: From πᾶς (pas, "all") and a suffix -οῖος (-oios, "of such a kind"). It describes something that is 'of all kinds' or 'of every sort'.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GI-noh-mehn
Translations: I was becoming, I was being, I was born, I came to be, I happened, I was made
Notes: This is the first person singular imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating a process of becoming, being, or happening. It can also describe one's birth or origin, or something being made or brought into existence.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΦΥΩ
G3982
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: PAY-thohn
Translations: persuading, obeying, one who persuades, one who obeys
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'peitho'. It describes someone who is in the act of persuading or being persuaded, or more commonly, someone who is obeying or trusting. It can function as an adjective or a noun, referring to 'the one who persuades' or 'the one who obeys'. Its meaning can shift depending on whether it refers to the act of convincing others or being convinced oneself, often leading to obedience or trust.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩΝ
G5339
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fay-SAS-thay
Translations: to spare, to refrain, to forbear, to withhold, to save
Notes: This word means to spare someone or something, to refrain from doing something, or to hold back. It implies showing mercy or being unwilling to harm or use something. It can be used in contexts where one avoids inflicting punishment, or refrains from using resources.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΛΕΕΩ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DROHN
Translations: of men
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), which means 'man' or 'husband'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of men' or 'belonging to men'. It is used to refer to adult males collectively.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'man'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-dane
Translations: I knew, you knew, he knew, she knew, it knew, we knew, they knew, to know
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know'. It is a pluperfect form, which describes an action completed in the past relative to another past action, but it functions with the meaning of a simple past tense (imperfect) in Koine Greek. It can be used for any person (I, you, he/she/it, we, they) depending on the context, as the ending is the same for all persons in this specific tense and mood. It describes a state of knowing or having knowledge.
Inflection: Pluperfect, Indicative, Active, All persons (1st, 2nd, 3rd singular and plural)
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G4714
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STA-sin
Translations: rebellion, a rebellion, insurrection, a stand, a standing, a dissension, a division, a sedition, a riot
Notes: This word refers to a standing, a position, or a state of rest. It can also denote a rebellion, an insurrection, or a division among people, often implying a state of conflict or disagreement. In some contexts, it can simply mean a place where one stands or a halt.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ
G3639
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-LEH-thron
Translations: destruction, ruin, death, a destruction
Notes: This word refers to utter destruction, ruin, or death. It implies a complete and devastating end, often with a sense of finality. It can be used to describe the physical destruction of something or the complete ruin of a person or group.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΦΘΟΡΑ, ΚΑΤΑΒΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ὈΛΕΘΡΟΣ (olethros) comes from the verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: OO-san
Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle
Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: koy-NEE
Translations: common, public, shared, a common thing, a public thing, (to) common, (to) public, (to) shared
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'common,' 'public,' or 'shared.' It describes something that belongs to or is accessible by all, rather than being private or individual. It can be used to describe things, ideas, or even people who are part of a general group.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Dative
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ
G4851
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: sym-FEH-ron-tos
Translations: of advantage, of profit, of benefit, of what is profitable, of what is expedient, of what is advantageous, of what is beneficial
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of a participle derived from the verb 'sympherō', meaning 'to bring together' or 'to be profitable/advantageous'. As a participle, it can function as an adjective, describing something that is advantageous or beneficial. When used as a noun, it refers to 'that which is advantageous' or 'the advantage/benefit itself'. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession or relation, thus translating to 'of advantage' or 'of what is profitable'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΥ, ΛΥΣΙΤΕΛΟΥΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΥ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-khen
Translations: he had, she had, it had, he held, she held, it held, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe someone holding or keeping something.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.
G276
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-meh-tah-BLEH-ton
Translations: unchangeable, immutable, an unchangeable thing, an immutable thing
Notes: This word describes something that cannot be changed or altered. It refers to a quality of being constant and not subject to variation or modification. It is often used to describe God's nature or promises, indicating their steadfastness.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΝΔΕΗΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and 'μεταβλητός' (metablētos), meaning 'changeable'. 'Μεταβλητός' comes from 'μεταβάλλω' (metaballō), meaning 'to change' or 'to alter'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G3729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ohr-MEH-sahn
Translations: they rushed, they hurried, they surged, they set out
Notes: This word describes a sudden, forceful, or impetuous movement, often indicating a rush or a charge. It can mean to set out on a journey or to be driven by an impulse. It is used to describe a group of people or things moving quickly and decisively.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: From the root *hormē-, meaning 'a rapid motion, a start, an impulse'.
G3614
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-KEE-an
Translations: house, a house, household, home, a home
Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a house, or a building. It can also refer to the people living in a house, meaning a household or family. It is used to describe a physical structure or the inhabitants within it.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΙΑ (oikia) comes from the word ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to a building or a household.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G2609
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-TAY-gon-toh
Translations: they were brought down, they were led down, they were returning, they were sailing back
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down') and the verb ἄγω (ago, 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It means to bring down, lead down, or conduct down. In the middle voice, it can mean to return, especially by ship, or to put into port. The form ΚΑΤΗΓΟΝΤΟ indicates an ongoing action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΩ, ΕΙΣΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G4923
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: soon-oh-RON
Translations: seeing together, perceiving, considering, discerning, understanding, observing, a seeing together, a perceiving, a considering, a discerning, an understanding, an observing
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'συνoράω' (synoraō), meaning 'to see together with', 'to perceive', 'to consider', or 'to discern'. It is often used to describe someone who is observing or understanding a situation, often with a sense of comprehension or foresight. It implies a comprehensive view or a deep understanding of something.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΟΡΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΝΟΩΝ
G3730
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-MEN
Translations: impulse, a rush, an attack, a desire, an urge
Notes: This word refers to a strong internal urge, impulse, or desire that leads to action. It can also describe a sudden rush or an attack, indicating a forceful movement or onset. It is used to convey the idea of a powerful drive or momentum.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ, ΟΡΜΗΜΑ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ
G0424
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: an-ep-IS-kheh-ton
Translations: unrestrainable, irresistible, uncontrollable, unhindered
Notes: This word describes something that cannot be held back, restrained, or stopped. It implies a powerful, unyielding force or impulse that is impossible to control. It is often used to describe things like a strong desire, an army's charge, or a natural phenomenon.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΚΑΘΕΚΤΟΣ, ΑΚΡΑΤΗΣ
G0380
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-nah-pee-DAY-sas
Translations: leaping up, jumping up, springing up
Notes: This word describes the action of suddenly leaping, jumping, or springing upwards. It is often used to convey a quick, energetic movement, such as someone jumping to their feet or an animal leaping. It implies a sudden, upward motion.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΠΗΔΑΝ, ἘΞΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΣΚΙΡΤΑΩ
Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and πηδάω (pēdáō, 'to leap, spring'). It literally means 'to leap up'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: EHF
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by
Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.
Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: IP-pon
Translations: horse, a horse
Notes: This word refers to a horse, a large, four-legged mammal often used for riding, pulling carts, or in warfare. In Koine Greek, it is a masculine noun. The form 'ΙΠΠΟΝ' is the accusative singular case, meaning it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G2753
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-keh-LEW-sah
Translations: I commanded, I ordered, I urged, I bade
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' or 'to urge.' It describes the act of giving an instruction or a directive to someone. It is used when a person in authority or a position to give orders issues a command.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to κέλευθος (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'way,' possibly implying 'to point the way' or 'to direct.'
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-theh-sin
Translations: to multitude, to crowd, to great number, to mass
Notes: This word refers to a large number of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great quantity or mass. It is used to describe a large gathering of individuals or a significant amount of something.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soh-GAH-nay
Translations: Sogane
Notes: Sogane is a proper noun, referring to a specific village or place. It is used in the accusative case, indicating the destination or object of an action, such as 'to Sogane' or 'towards Sogane'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The etymology of 'Sogane' is not well-documented in ancient Greek sources, as it appears to be a place name of local origin, possibly Aramaic or Hebrew, rather than a word derived from common Greek roots.
G2968
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-main
Translations: village, a village
Notes: This word refers to a village or a small town, typically an unfortified settlement smaller than a city. It is used to denote a rural community or a collection of dwellings outside of a major urban center. In a sentence, it would often be used to indicate a destination or location, such as 'they went to the village' or 'he lived in a village'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'settlement' or 'unfortified dwelling'. It is related to Latin 'pagus' (country district, village) and English 'home'.
G1902
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EP-es-thai
Translations: to follow, to accompany, to pursue, to attend
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes the action of going after someone or something, or being present with them. It can also imply pursuing a goal or consequence. It is often used with the dative case to indicate the person or thing being followed.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ
Etymology: The root verb ἕπω (hepo) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to follow' or 'to go after'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gah-bah-ROHN
Translations: Gabara
Notes: Gabara is a proper noun, referring to an ancient town or village in Galilee. It is mentioned in historical texts, particularly by Josephus, as a location in the region. In the provided context, it appears in a genitive form, indicating 'from Gabara' or 'of Gabara'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Gabara' is of Aramaic origin, likely meaning 'stronghold' or 'fortress'. It refers to a specific geographical location in ancient Galilee.
G0568
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ap-EKH-oo-san
Translations: distant, far off, having received in full, a distant one, a far off one
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπέχω', which means 'to be distant from' or 'to have received in full'. In the provided context, it refers to something being at a distance. It can also be used in a financial sense, meaning to have received payment in full. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΜΑΚΡΑΝ
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EYE-koh-see
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change based on gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wikm̥ti, meaning 'twenty'. It is related to Latin viginti and Sanskrit viṃśati.
G4712
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sta-DEE-ah
Translations: stadia, furlongs, races, race-courses, arenas
Notes: This word refers to a stadium or a race-course, which was a common place for athletic contests in ancient times. It also denotes a measure of distance, specifically a 'stadium' or 'furlong', which was approximately 600 Greek feet (about 185 meters or 607 feet). In the provided examples, it is used to describe a distance.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OO-toh
Translations: (to) such, (to) such a one, (to) such a kind, (by) such, (by) such a one, (by) such a kind
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe a person or thing that is of the nature or quality previously mentioned or implied. As an adjective, it agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. In this dative singular form, it can indicate the indirect object ('to such a one') or an instrument/means ('by such a one').
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΟΙΟΣ
G4755
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-tay-GAY-mah-tee
Translations: (to) a stratagem, (to) a scheme, (to) a device, (to) a trick, (to) a plan
Notes: This word refers to a military maneuver, a cunning plan, or a clever device used to achieve a goal, often in a strategic or deceptive way. It is typically used in the context of warfare or political intrigue, describing a calculated action or trick.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΧΑΝΗΜΑ, ΤΕΧΝΗ
G5530
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-meh-nos
Translations: using, having used, employing, having employed, dealing with, having dealt with
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates someone who is 'using' or 'having used' something, or 'employing' or 'having employed' a method or resource. It can also imply 'dealing with' or 'having dealt with' a situation or person.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The word χράομαι (chraomai) comes from an earlier form χράω (chraō), meaning 'to furnish what is needful'. It is related to χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', suggesting the idea of handling or dealing with something.
G3930
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-ES-khon
Translations: they provided, they offered, they gave, they granted, they presented
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide, offer, give, grant, or present'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). It can be used in sentences to indicate that a group of individuals supplied or made something available.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, they convey the sense of 'holding out' or 'presenting from beside oneself'.
G1683
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOW-toh
Translations: (to) myself, (for) myself
Notes: This is a first-person singular reflexive pronoun, meaning 'myself'. It is used when the subject of the verb is also the object of the action, referring back to the speaker. In this dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to myself' or 'for myself'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KEIN
Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: em-FY-lee-oo
Translations: of civil, civil, domestic, internal, native
Notes: This word describes something that is internal, domestic, or civil, often referring to conflict or war within a single nation or community. It can be used to describe a civil war, internal strife, or even something that is inherent or native to a group.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΘΕΝ
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-moo
Translations: (of) war, (of) battle, (of) conflict
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'polemos', meaning 'war' or 'battle'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' in English, such as 'of war' or 'from war'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ
G2666
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Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb
Sounds like: kah-TAR-khein
Translations: to begin, to make a beginning, to initiate, to offer first fruits
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, against') and the verb ἄρχω (archō, 'to begin, to rule'). It means to make a beginning, to initiate something, or to be the first to do something. It can also refer to offering the first fruits of a sacrifice or undertaking. It is used to describe the commencement of an action or event.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΡΧΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΑΡΧΩ (archō), meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. The combination suggests the idea of making a beginning or initiating something, often with a sense of bringing it down or establishing it.
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