Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Life of Flavius Josephus, The / The Life of Flavius Josephus / Chapter 67The Life of Flavius Josephus, Chapter 67
Interlinear version from Life of Flavius Josephus, The (Beta)
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kai-RON
Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time
Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ
Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sep-pho-REE-tai
Translations: Sepphorites, people of Sepphoris, inhabitants of Sepphoris
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Sepphoris, a prominent city in Galilee during the Roman period. It is used to denote the people originating from or residing in Sepphoris.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G2292
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: thar-RHEE-san-tes
Translations: having courage, having confidence, being confident, being bold, taking courage, being encouraged
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be courageous' or 'to be confident'. It describes someone who has taken courage or become confident. It is often used to indicate a state of mind or an action taken with boldness or assurance.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΕΣ, ΕΥΘΥΜΟΙ, ΤΟΛΜΩΝΤΕΣ
G0353
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-lam-BAH-noo-sin
Translations: they take up, they take on, they receive, they assume, they lift up, they pick up
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It means to take something up, to lift it, to receive it, or to assume a role or responsibility. It is often used in contexts of physical action, like taking up arms, or in a more abstract sense, like taking on a task.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OP-lah
Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs
Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ
Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.
G3982
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-poy-THOH-tes
Translations: trusting, having trusted, confident, relying, persuaded, having been persuaded
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ', meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust'. As a perfect active participle, it describes someone who has been persuaded or has come to trust, and therefore is in a state of confidence or reliance. It often takes a dative object, indicating what or whom one is trusting or relying upon.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΑΡΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TAY-khon
Translations: of a wall, of walls
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive structure like a city wall or a fortification. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of walls' or 'belonging to walls'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΗ, ΤΕΙΧΕΑ
G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-tee
Translations: (to) strength, (to) security, (to) a stronghold, (to) a fortress, (to) a fortified place
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being strong, secure, or fortified. It can denote physical strength, the security of a place, or a fortified structure like a stronghold or fortress. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the characteristic of something that provides protection or resistance.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΦΑΛΕΙΑ, ΚΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HEH-teh-roys
Translations: other, another, different, a different
Notes: This word refers to something that is 'other' or 'different' from what has been previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a distinction in kind or character, rather than just numerical difference (which would be expressed by 'ἄλλος'). It is often used to introduce a new or distinct item in a list or comparison. In the provided examples, it refers to 'other gods'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tah
Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ
Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ho-RAN
Translations: to see, to look, to perceive, to behold
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horaō), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It is used to express the action of seeing or observing something, often in a general sense or as a purpose. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'to be able to see' or 'in order to see'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΕΙΝ, ΘΕΑΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *wer- 'to perceive, observe'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and perception.
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PEM-poo-see
Translations: they send, they are sending, they were sending
Notes: This word means "they send" or "they are sending." It is used to describe the action of a group of people dispatching someone or something. It can refer to sending a person on a mission, sending a message, or sending an object.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
G1211
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: DAY
Translations: now, indeed, then, already, certainly, truly, come, go to
Notes: This word is an indeclinable particle used to give emphasis, urgency, or to mark a transition in discourse. It can express a sense of 'now' or 'already', or it can be used to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on' or 'go to'. It often adds a sense of immediacy or certainty to a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΓΕ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to emphasize or urge.
G2778
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KES-tee-on
Translations: girdle, a girdle, belt, a belt
Notes: This word refers to a girdle or a belt, typically worn around the waist. It could be used to hold clothing in place or to carry items. In ancient contexts, girdles were often significant for both practical and symbolic reasons.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΖΩΝΗ, ΔΙΑΖΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word "ΚΕΣΤΙΟΝ" is derived from the Greek word "κεστός" (kestos), meaning 'embroidered' or 'stitched', referring to a type of embroidered girdle, especially one worn by women.
G1052
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: GAL-los
Translations: Gallus
Notes: This word refers to Gallus, a common Roman cognomen or family name. It is used to identify various individuals in historical texts, often appearing after a given name or praenomen. The name was borne by several notable figures, including Roman generals and officials.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Gallus is of Latin origin, meaning 'a Gaul' or 'a rooster'. It was a common cognomen in ancient Rome.
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ahs
Translations: (of) Syria
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the ancient region of Syria, located in the Middle East. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of Syria' or 'from Syria'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Aramaic, referring to the region of Aram.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G2232
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-geh-MOHN
Translations: ruler, a ruler, governor, a governor, leader, a leader, chief, a chief, commander, a commander, prince, a prince
Notes: This word refers to a leader, ruler, or governor. It can denote someone in a position of authority, such as a provincial governor appointed by a higher power, or a general leading an army. It can also refer to someone who guides or leads in a more general sense, like a chief or a guide.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. The suffix -μων (-mōn) indicates an agent or instrument, thus 'one who leads'.
G3870
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOON-tes
Translations: exhorting, comforting, encouraging, appealing, beseeching, entreating, inviting, calling upon, a comforter, an encourager
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'παρακαλέω'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the process of exhorting, comforting, encouraging, or appealing to others. It can function adjectivally (e.g., 'the comforting ones') or adverbially (e.g., 'while comforting').
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΝΘΑΡΡΥΝΟΝΤΕΣ
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G2240
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HE-kane
Translations: to have come, to be present, to arrive, to come, to be fitting, to pertain to
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive of the verb ἥκω. It describes the state of having arrived and being present, or the action of coming. It can also be used impersonally to mean 'it is fitting' or 'it pertains to' when followed by an infinitive.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- 'to follow'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to have come' or 'to be present', implying a state of having followed a path to a destination.
G5035
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: THAT-ton
Translations: sooner, more quickly, faster
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adverb 'quickly'. It means 'more quickly' or 'sooner'. It is used to indicate that an action happens with greater speed or at an earlier time than something else. For example, one might say 'he came sooner' or 'they acted more quickly'.
Inflection: Comparative degree, Neuter Singular (used adverbially)
Synonyms: ΤΑΧΥΤΕΡΟΝ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΤΕΡΟΝ
G3880
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pa-ra-lee-pso-MEH-non
Translations: about to receive, about to take, about to take along, about to take over
Notes: This word is a future participle, indicating an action that is about to happen or is intended to happen. It describes something or someone who is on the verge of receiving, taking, or taking along something. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'from') and 'λαμβάνω' (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive').
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter, Future, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΛΗΨΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΕΞΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PEM-psai
Translations: to send, to send forth, to dispatch, to send away
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. It is often used in contexts where someone is sent on a mission, to a place, or to deliver something. It can also imply sending something away or dismissing it.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pempeh₂- (to send, to drive).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G5432
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: froo-RAY-son-tas
Translations: about to guard, who will guard, those who will guard, to guard, to keep watch
Notes: This word is a future active participle, meaning it describes an action that will happen in the future. It indicates someone or something that is 'about to guard' or 'will guard'. It is used to describe the future action of guarding or keeping watch over something or someone.
Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Future, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΟΝΤΑΣ, ΦΥΛΑΞΟΝΤΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: GAL-los
Translations: Gallus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Roman cognomen 'Gallus'. In the provided context, it most likely refers to Cestius Gallus, a Roman governor of Syria during the time of the Jewish-Roman wars.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Gallus' is Latin in origin, meaning 'a Gaul' or 'a rooster'. It was a common Roman cognomen.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LEW-ses-thai
Translations: to come, to go, to arrive
Notes: This word is the future infinitive form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It indicates an action of coming or going that is expected to happen in the future. It is often used in indirect statements or with verbs that express expectation, intention, or command, signifying 'to be about to come' or 'that someone will come'.
Inflection: Future, Infinitive, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the idea of 'to move' or 'to go'.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G5293
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PES-kheh-toh
Translations: he promised, she promised, it promised
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to promise' or 'to pledge'. It is used to indicate that someone made a commitment or gave an assurance. In this form, it refers to a singular subject (he, she, or it) who made a promise in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in return for', and the verb ΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (iskhneomai), which is related to ΙΣΧΩ (iskhō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to have'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under obligation' or 'to take upon oneself'.
G4218
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PO-teh
Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G1285
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-sa-FEE-sen
Translations: he made clear, he explained, he declared, he showed plainly
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to make clear, explain, or declare plainly'. It is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb σαφέω (sapheō), meaning 'to make clear'. It describes the act of making something fully understandable or evident. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate that someone has clarified or elucidated a matter.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΩ, ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
G2532, G1473
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: kah-GOH
Translations: and I, but I, I also, I too
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the conjunction "καὶ" (kai, meaning "and" or "but") and the first-person singular pronoun "ἐγώ" (egō, meaning "I"). It therefore means "and I" or "but I," often emphasizing the "I" or indicating that the speaker is also included in an action or statement. It functions as a subject pronoun.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G4441
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: poo-THOH-meh-nos
Translations: having learned, having inquired, having heard, having ascertained, having understood
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to learn by inquiry', 'to inquire', or 'to ascertain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is related to the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having learned' or 'having heard' something, leading to a subsequent action. For example, 'Having learned the news, he departed.'
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΑΣ, ΜΑΘΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ
G0353
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BOHN
Translations: taking up, having taken up, receiving, assuming, picking up, restoring
Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, pick up, or receive something, often implying an action of lifting or resuming. It can also mean to assume a role or to restore something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person personal pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession, agency, or association, depending on the context and the preposition it might be used with.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Common Gender
Synonyms: ΜΟΙ
G4757
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tahs
Translations: soldiers
Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army or military force. It is typically used to describe individuals who serve in a military capacity, often in a group. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the subject of a description.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word στρατιώτης (stratiōtēs) comes from στρατιά (stratia), meaning 'army' or 'military service', which itself is derived from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.
G3729
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: hor-MAY-sas
Translations: having rushed, having set out, having urged on, having impelled
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'hormaō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It can be translated as 'having rushed', 'having set out', or 'having urged on', depending on the context. It implies a sudden or strong movement, either literally or figuratively, and can be used to describe someone who has initiated an action with force or determination.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΗΔΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ
Etymology: The verb 'hormaō' (ὁρμάω) is derived from the noun 'hormē' (ὁρμή), meaning 'a rapid motion, a start, an impulse, an attack'. It signifies a strong, impetuous movement or a sudden urge to act.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sep-pho-REE-tas
Translations: Sepphorites, the Sepphorites
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants or people from the city of Sepphoris. Sepphoris was a major city in Galilee during the Roman period, known for its strategic importance and Hellenistic culture.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word is derived from the name of the city Sepphoris, which was a prominent city in ancient Galilee. The origin of the city's name itself is uncertain, but it is believed to be of Semitic origin.
G0138
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-lon
Translations: I took, I chose, I seized, I captured
Notes: ΕΙΛΟΝ is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb αἱρέω (haireō). It means 'I took,' 'I chose,' or 'I seized.' This form describes a completed action in the past, without specifying its duration. It can be used in sentences like 'I took the book' or 'I chose the path.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G2904
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KRAH-toss
Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength
Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: lah-boh-MEH-noy
Translations: having taken, having received, having seized, having grasped, having gotten, having obtained
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, meaning 'having taken' or 'having received'. It describes an action completed in the past, often implying a cause or circumstance for the main verb's action. For example, it could be translated as 'when they took' or 'after they received'. It is derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), which means 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to grasp'.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G0874
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-for-MEES
Translations: of occasion, of opportunity, of a starting point, of a pretext, of an occasion, of an opportunity, of a starting point, of a pretext
Notes: This word refers to a starting point, an occasion, an opportunity, or a pretext. It is often used to describe the basis or cause for an action or event. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'they sought an occasion to accuse him' or 'this provided the starting point for their journey.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΑΙΤΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yoy
Translations: Galileans
Notes: This word refers to people who are from Galilee, a region in northern ancient Israel. It is used to describe inhabitants or natives of that area.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: From Γαλιλαία (Galilaia), the name of the region, which is of Hebrew origin. It refers to the 'circle' or 'district' of the Gentiles.
G3918
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EI-nai
Translations: to be present, to be at hand, to have arrived, to be near, to be available
Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. It describes the state of someone or something being in a particular place or time, or being available. It can be used in various contexts to indicate presence, arrival, or readiness.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present or Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΠΑΡΕΣΤΗΚΕΝΑΙ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3404
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: mee-SOOS
Translations: hating, detesting, abhorring
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hate'. It describes someone or something that is actively engaged in the act of hating or detesting. It can be used to modify a noun, indicating a characteristic or ongoing action of that noun, such as 'the one hating' or 'those who hate'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΕΩ
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: boo-lee-THEN-tes
Translations: having willed, having wished, having intended, having purposed, having decided
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι' (boulomai), meaning 'to wish' or 'to will'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates that the subject has made a deliberate choice or formed an intention. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'those who, having willed, did X' or 'because they had wished, they did Y'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word 'βούλομαι' (boulomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European, related to concepts of will and desire. It is an ancient Greek verb that has been in use since classical times.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-khon
Translations: had, were having, possessed, held
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe an action that was happening over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they had' or 'they were holding'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G0577
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ap-EKH-thos
Translations: hostilely, hatefully, with enmity, with hatred
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'hostilely' or 'with hatred'. It describes an action performed in a hostile or hateful manner. For example, one might act 'hostilely' towards someone, or receive someone 'with hatred'. It is derived from the adjective 'ἀπεχθής' (hostile, hateful).
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of ἀπεχθής)
Synonyms: ἘΧΘΡΩΣ, ΜΙΣΗΤΩΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ohr-MEH-sahn
Translations: they rushed, they hurried, they surged, they set out
Notes: This word describes a sudden, forceful, or impetuous movement, often indicating a rush or a charge. It can mean to set out on a journey or to be driven by an impulse. It is used to describe a group of people or things moving quickly and decisively.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: From the root *hormē-, meaning 'a rapid motion, a start, an impulse'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G0730
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AR-den
Translations: utterly, completely, entirely, altogether, totally
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'utterly' or 'completely'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of an action, indicating that something is done without reservation or to its full extent. For example, it might describe something being destroyed utterly or removed completely.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΟΛΩΣ, ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣ
Etymology: The origin of ἈΡΔΗΝ is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from the root of the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift, take up, or remove', suggesting a sense of being 'taken up completely' or 'removed entirely'.
G0278
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-fah-NEE-son-tes
Translations: destroying, making disappear, causing to vanish, spoiling, corrupting, defacing, consuming, about to destroy, about to make disappear
Notes: This word is a future active participle, meaning 'about to destroy' or 'will destroy'. It describes an action that will happen in the future, performed by the subject. The root verb ἀφανίζω means to make unseen, to cause to disappear, to destroy, or to corrupt. It can refer to physical destruction or to the spoiling of something's appearance or value.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Future, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1931
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-OY-koys
Translations: to a colonist, to a settler, to an inhabitant, to a sojourner, to a resident
Notes: This word refers to someone who settles in a new place, a colonist, or an inhabitant. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action, or the location where something occurs, in relation to multiple colonists or settlers.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΟΙΣ, ΠΑΡΟΙΚΟΙΣ
G1532, G1639
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eis-DRAH-mon-tes
Translations: having run into, running into, rushing into, having rushed into, entering quickly
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb δράμω (dramō), meaning 'to run'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates the action of running or rushing into a place or situation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕἸΣΠΗΔΑΩ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G1708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-eh-PIM-pra-san
Translations: they were setting on fire, they were burning up, they were burning down
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to set on fire' or 'to burn up'. It describes an action of intentionally causing something to burn. In this form, it indicates that 'they' (a group of people) were performing this action, likely repeatedly or over a period of time in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΠΟΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἐμπίπρημι (empiprēmi) is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb πίπρημι (piprēmi), meaning 'to burn'. The root πίπρημι is related to πρήθω (prēthō), also meaning 'to burn' or 'to blow up'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G3614
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-KEE-as
Translations: of a house, of a home, of a household, of a family, of a dwelling
Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a home. It can also extend to mean a household or a family, encompassing the people living within the house. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'from the house' or 'of the house'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ
G2048
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: eh-RAY-moos
Translations: desolate, deserted, solitary, lonely, wilderness, desert, a wilderness, a desert
Notes: This word describes something that is desolate, deserted, or solitary. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, meaning 'desolate' or 'lonely'. It can also function as a noun itself, referring to a 'wilderness' or 'deserted place'. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative plural, referring to 'desolate places' or 'deserts'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΕΡΗΜΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΡΗΜΟΣ (erēmos) comes from a pre-Greek word, possibly related to the concept of being 'empty' or 'alone'.
G2638
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-lam-BAH-non-tes
Translations: taking possession, seizing, overtaking, apprehending, understanding, finding, obtaining, reaching, coming upon
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'καταλαμβάνω', which means to take possession of, seize, overtake, or apprehend. It can also mean to understand or comprehend, or to find or obtain something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'taking possession', 'seizing', or 'understanding'. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take, receive).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poy
Translations: people, men, humans
Notes: This word refers to human beings in general, encompassing both men and women. It is the plural form of 'ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ' (anthropos), meaning 'man' or 'human'. It is used to denote a group of individuals belonging to the human race.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΒΡΟΤΟΙ
G1167
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: DAY-san-tes
Translations: fearing, having feared, being afraid, having been afraid
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having feared" or "being afraid." It describes an action that happened in the past and resulted in a state of fear. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as a clause (e.g., "those who feared" or "when they feared"). It is often used to describe the state of someone who has experienced fear.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΙ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-KRO-po-lin
Translations: acropolis, a citadel, a fortress
Notes: This word refers to the highest and most fortified part of an ancient Greek city, often built on a hill. It served as a defensive stronghold and often contained important temples and public buildings. It is a compound word formed from 'ἄκρος' (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'uppermost', and 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΡΑ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΟΛΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΑΚΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ' is a compound of two Greek words: 'ἄκρος' (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'uppermost', and 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city'. It literally translates to 'highest city' or 'city on the edge'.
G4933
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EH-foo-gon
Translations: fled together, took refuge, escaped together, gathered for refuge
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb φεύγω (pheugō, meaning 'to flee'). It means 'to flee together,' 'to take refuge together,' or 'to escape together.' It describes a situation where multiple individuals or a group collectively seek safety by fleeing to a common place or escaping a shared danger. It is used in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΕΥΓΩ
G1283
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eer-PAH-zon
Translations: they were plundering, they kept plundering, they were robbing, they kept robbing, they were pillaging, they kept pillaging
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action of plundering, robbing, or pillaging, often with the implication of thoroughness or violence. It is used to describe groups of people taking possessions or property by force.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΛΑΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΠΑΖΩ
Etymology: The verb διαρπάζω (diarpazō) is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch.' The prefix intensifies the action of seizing, implying a thorough or complete plundering.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pon
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, a custom, fashion, a fashion
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or custom in which something is done. It describes the method or style of an action or event. For example, it can be used to say 'in this way' or 'after the manner of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ, ΕΘΟΣ
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEH-nah
Translations: no one, nobody, none, nothing
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the negative pronoun/adjective "οὐδείς" (oudeis), meaning "no one," "nobody," or "nothing." It is a compound word formed from "οὐ" (ou, "not") and "εἷς" (heis, "one"). It is used to negate a person or thing, functioning as the direct object in a sentence. For example, it could mean "(I saw) no one" or "(I have) nothing."
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ
G4192
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: por-THEH-seh-ohs
Translations: of destruction, of sacking, of plundering, of devastation, of a destruction, of a sacking, of a plundering, of a devastation
Notes: This word refers to the act of destroying, sacking, or plundering a city or place. It describes the violent overthrow or devastation of a location, often involving military conquest and ruin. As a genitive noun, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of destruction' or 'belonging to destruction'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΕΡΗΜΩΣΙΣ
G3670
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-mo-FY-lon
Translations: of the same race, of the same nation, of the same tribe, of the same kind
Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to the same race, nation, or kind as another. It is a compound word formed from 'homo-' (same) and 'phylon' (race, tribe). It is used to refer to people who share a common ethnic or national background.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΩΝ, ΟΜΟΕΘΝΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΣ is a compound of ὅμος (homos), meaning 'same, like', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe, race, nation'. It refers to sharing a common lineage or group.
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-eh-LIM-pa-non
Translations: they were neglecting, they were omitting, they were leaving undone, they were passing over, they were disregarding
Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect active indicative, third person plural. It means to neglect, omit, leave undone, or pass over. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. For example, it could be used to say 'they were neglecting their duties' or 'they were omitting certain details'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TAWT
Translations: this, that, these, those
Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G2300
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: theh-ah-SAH-meh-nos
Translations: seeing, beholding, looking at, having seen, when he saw
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'theaomai'. It describes an action completed in the past, often translated as 'having seen' or 'when he saw/beheld'. It indicates the subject personally observed or contemplated something.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist, Middle, Participle
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΟΡΩΝ, ΕΙΔΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'theaomai' comes from 'thea' (a sight, spectacle), which is related to 'theaomai' (to gaze at, behold). It implies a careful or deliberate observation.
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G1303
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-TETH-ayn
Translations: I was disposed, I was arranged, I was appointed, I was covenanted with
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'apart') and τίθημι (tithēmi, meaning 'to place' or 'to set'). In the aorist passive indicative, as seen here, it means 'I was disposed' or 'I was arranged'. It can refer to being put into a certain state or condition, or having something arranged or appointed for oneself, often in the context of a covenant or agreement.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word διατίθημι is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.
G0404
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-nee-ah-ROHS
Translations: grievously, painfully, annoyingly, troublesomely, sadly, with annoyance
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'aniaros' (grievous, troublesome). It describes an action or state as being done in a grievous, painful, or annoying manner. It indicates that something is experienced with difficulty, distress, or irritation. For example, it could be used to describe someone waiting 'grievously' or being 'painfully' affected by something.
Inflection: Adverbial form of ἈΝΙΑΡΟΣ
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΣ, ΒΑΡΕΩΣ, ΛΥΠΗΡΩΣ
G3973
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PAW-es-thai
Translations: to stop, to cease, to rest, to desist, to come to an end
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'παύω'. In the middle voice, it means 'to stop oneself' or 'to cease', indicating an action that the subject performs upon themselves or for their own benefit. It is often used to describe the cessation of an activity or state.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ
G4367
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-et-AT-ton
Translations: they were commanding, they were ordering, they were instructing, they were enjoining
Notes: This word is an imperfect active indicative verb, meaning 'to command, order, or instruct'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is often used to indicate that someone was giving orders or instructions to others.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G5279
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: hoo-po-MIM-nays-kohn
Translations: reminding, recalling, bringing to remembrance, putting in mind
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'reminding' or 'bringing to remembrance'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used to describe someone who is causing another person to remember something, or bringing something to mind for themselves or others.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΥΠΟΜΝΗΣΙΣ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-tah
Translations: such things, such, of such a kind, these things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context, indicating their nature or quality. It often functions as a substantive, meaning 'such things' or 'people of such a kind'.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G1716
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DRAHN
Translations: to do, to act, to perform
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'δράω' (draō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. It describes the action of doing something, performing a task, or carrying out an activity. It can be used in various contexts to indicate the execution of an action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: The verb δράω (draō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to act'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the sense of action or performance.
G3670
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-moh-FY-looss
Translations: of the same race, of the same nation, of the same tribe, fellow countryman, fellow tribesman
Notes: This word describes someone or something belonging to the same race, nation, or tribe as another. It is used to refer to people who share a common ethnic or national origin, emphasizing their shared identity or heritage. It is a compound word formed from 'ὁμός' (homos), meaning 'same', and 'φῦλον' (phylon), meaning 'race' or 'tribe'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΕΘΝΗΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G3741
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: O-see-ON
Translations: holy, righteous, pious, devout, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, righteous, or pious, particularly in relation to divine law or religious duty. It signifies that which is consecrated to God, or morally pure and upright. It can be used to describe actions, people, or things that are in accordance with divine will or religious principles.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G3870
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-LOON-tos
Translations: of one calling alongside, of one exhorting, of one comforting, of one entreating, of one appealing, of one encouraging
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'parakaleo'. It describes someone who is in the act of calling alongside, exhorting, comforting, entreating, or encouraging. As a genitive singular masculine or neuter participle, it often translates as 'of one who is exhorting' or 'of him who is comforting', indicating possession or source.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ
G4367
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-TAS-son-tos
Translations: of commanding, of ordering, of enjoining, of directing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ', meaning 'to command, order, or direct'. It describes an action of giving an authoritative instruction or injunction. It is used to indicate the source or agent of a command.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb 'τάσσω' (tasso), meaning 'to arrange, appoint, order'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange or appoint toward' or 'to give an order to'.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KOO-on
Translations: I was hearing, I heard, they were hearing, they heard
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to hear'. The imperfect tense describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It can also describe the beginning of an action or an action that was attempted. Depending on the context, it can mean 'I was hearing' or 'they were hearing', or simply 'I heard' or 'they heard' if the continuous aspect is not emphasized.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
G3528
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-NEE-kah
Translations: he was conquering, he was prevailing, he was overcoming, he conquered, he prevailed, he overcame
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to conquer,' 'to overcome,' or 'to prevail.' It describes an action of gaining victory or superiority over an opponent or challenge. It is used to indicate that someone was in the process of winning or had achieved a victory.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect or Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3402
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEE-sos
Translations: hatred, a hatred
Notes: This word refers to the strong feeling of intense dislike or ill will towards someone or something. It is often used to describe animosity or enmity. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, for example, 'their hatred' or 'he felt hatred'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΑΠΕΧΘΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΟΣ comes from the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.
G3868
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-I-ne-sees
Translations: exhortations, admonitions, counsels, advice
Notes: This word refers to a form of encouragement, advice, or warning given to someone. It implies a gentle but firm urging towards a particular course of action or behavior. It is often used in contexts where guidance or moral instruction is being offered.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΟΥΘΕΣΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΣΙΣ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΗ
G4103
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pis-TO-ta-toos
Translations: most faithful, most trustworthy, most reliable, most loyal
Notes: This word is the masculine plural accusative form of the adjective 'ΠΙΣΤΟΣ' (PISTOS), meaning 'faithful' or 'trustworthy'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of faithfulness or trustworthiness. It describes individuals who are exceedingly loyal, dependable, or true. It would be used in a sentence to describe a group of people who are the most faithful or trustworthy among others.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative, Superlative
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣΤΑΤΟΥΣ, ΑΣΦΑΛΕΣΤΑΤΟΥΣ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the first-person pronoun, meaning 'me'. It is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions that take the accusative case, indicating the recipient of an action or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LON
Translations: of friends, friends
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of friends' or simply 'friends' when the context implies possession or association. For example, 'the house of friends' or 'among friends'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G2753
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-keh-LEW-sah
Translations: I commanded, I ordered, I urged, I bade
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' or 'to urge.' It describes the act of giving an instruction or a directive to someone. It is used when a person in authority or a position to give orders issues a command.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to κέλευθος (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'way,' possibly implying 'to point the way' or 'to direct.'
G1229
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-DOO-nai
Translations: to distribute, to give out, to divide, to hand over
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to distribute' or 'to give out'. It is often used in contexts where something is being shared or handed over to multiple people. It is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΝΕΜΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goos
Translations: words, sayings, accounts, messages, statements, reports
Notes: This word is the plural accusative form of 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. In this form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'words' or 'accounts' that are being acted upon. It can refer to spoken words, written accounts, or even divine pronouncements.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΕΠΗ, ΜΥΘΟΙ
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-ohn
Translations: of Romans, of the Romans
Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of the Romans' or 'belonging to the Romans'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: The word Ῥωμαῖος (Rhomaios) is derived from Ῥώμη (Rhōmē), the Greek name for Rome. It refers to an inhabitant of the city or empire of Rome.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gah-lays
Translations: (of) great, (of) large, (of) mighty, (of) powerful
Notes: This word describes something that is large in size, great in importance, or intense in degree. It is used to modify feminine nouns in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-ohs
Translations: of power, of strength, of ability, of might, of a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, strength, or ability. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something, such as 'of power' or 'of strength'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-ron
Translations: another, other, different, a different thing, an other thing
Notes: This word means 'another' or 'other', emphasizing a difference in kind or quality from something else. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has been previously mentioned or implied. For example, it might be used to say 'another person' or 'a different kind of thing'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'. It is related to the English word 'other'.
G3313
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-ross
Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side
Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-leh-ohs
Translations: (of) a city, (of) the city, city, a city
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'town'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of a city' or 'of the city'. For example, 'the walls of the city' or 'the people of the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G1544
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eis-beb-lay-KO-ton
Translations: of those who have thrown into, of those who have cast into, of those who have invaded, of those who have entered, of those who have attacked
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb ΕἸΣΒΆΛΛΩ, meaning 'to throw into,' 'to cast into,' 'to invade,' or 'to enter.' As a perfect participle, it describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or a continuing state. In the genitive plural, it typically functions to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' or 'belonging to' a group of people who performed the action.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἘΜΒΆΛΛΩ, ΕἸΣΈΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΒΆΛΛΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to,' and the verb ΒΆΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast.'
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-oon
Translations: they were doing, they were making, they did, they made
Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to do' or 'to make', and in this form, it refers to a group of people performing such an action over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they were making' something or 'they were doing' something.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G5345
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FEE-mays
Translations: of a report, of a rumor, of a saying, of a fame, of a reputation
Notes: This word refers to a report, rumor, or a saying that is widely circulated. It can also denote fame or reputation. It is used to describe information that spreads among people, often without a confirmed source, or the public perception of someone or something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΗ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΚΛΕΟΣ
Etymology: From φημί (phēmi, "to say, speak"), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- ("to speak, tell, say").
G1706
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: em-peh-SOO-sees
Translations: of falling into, of falling upon, of rushing upon, of happening, of occurring, of befalling
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'empíptō', meaning 'to fall into' or 'to fall upon'. It describes an action of entering into a state, condition, or situation, often suddenly or unexpectedly. It can also refer to something happening or befalling someone or something. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it often functions adverbially or adjectivally, indicating the time or circumstance when an action occurs, or describing a feminine noun that is 'falling into' or 'happening'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΠΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ἐμπίπτω (empíptō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb πίπτω (píptō), meaning 'to fall'.
G1907
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-is-KHEIN
Translations: to hold back, to restrain, to stop, to check, to delay, to wait, to pay attention, to apply oneself
Notes: This word is the aorist infinitive form of the verb 'ἐπέχω' (epechō). It means to hold back, restrain, or stop something or someone. It can also mean to delay, to wait, or to pay attention to something, depending on the context. It implies a sense of holding firm or applying oneself to a task.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΝΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word ἐπέχω (epechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'at', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gah-li-LAI-ohn
Translations: of Galileans, of the Galileans
Notes: This word refers to people from Galilee, a region in northern ancient Israel. It is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to' or 'from' the Galileans. It is a plural form, referring to multiple people from Galilee.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Γαλιλαία (Galilaia), the name of the region, which is of Hebrew origin (גָּלִיל, galil, meaning 'circle' or 'region').
G3730
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-MAS
Translations: impulses, attacks, desires, a violent motion, an impulse, an attack, a desire
Notes: This word refers to a violent motion, a strong impulse, an onset, or an attack. It can also denote a strong desire or passion. In a sentence, it describes a forceful or sudden movement, either physical or emotional. For example, it might be used to describe the 'attacks' of the wicked or the 'impulses' that drive someone's actions.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ, ΟΡΜΗΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ΟΡΜΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- meaning 'to flow, to rush'. It describes a strong, forward motion or impulse.
G1295
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-SOH-sai
Translations: to save through, to bring safely through, to preserve, to rescue, to deliver
Notes: This word means to save completely, to bring safely through a danger or difficulty, or to preserve someone or something. It implies a thorough and successful act of deliverance. It is often used to describe God's act of saving or preserving His people, or a person's act of rescuing others from peril.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΣΩΖΩ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: sep-foh-REE-tohn
Translations: of Sepphoris, Sepphorite
Notes: This word is an adjective referring to something or someone from the city of Sepphoris. It is used to describe things or people associated with that city.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G5056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEH-los
Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty
Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.
G4390
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: proo-khoo-RAY-seh
Translations: he went forward, he advanced, he proceeded, he succeeded, it prospered
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to go forward, advance, or proceed. It can also mean to succeed or prosper, especially when referring to plans or events. It describes movement in a forward direction or the successful progression of something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΚΟΠΤΩ
G4755
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: stra-TAY-gay-ma
Translations: stratagem, a stratagem, scheme, a scheme, cunning device, a cunning device
Notes: This word refers to a military maneuver or a clever plan, often designed to deceive an enemy or achieve a specific goal. It describes a cunning device or a strategic scheme used to gain an advantage, particularly in warfare or political situations.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΧΑΝΗ, ΤΕΧΝΗ, ΒΟΥΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek word στρατηγός (strategos, 'general') and the suffix -μα, indicating the result of an action. It literally means 'that which is done by a general' or 'a general's device'.
G0032
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ang-geh-LEE-as
Translations: of a message, of a report, of news, of an announcement, of a declaration
Notes: This word refers to a message, report, or news that is delivered. It is often used in contexts where information, especially important or official information, is being conveyed. It can also refer to the act of announcing or declaring something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΓΓΕΛΜΑ, ἈΚΟΗ, ΦΗΜΗ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-koo-SAN-tes
Translations: having heard, hearing, listening, having listened
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing or listening that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can indicate a cause or a preceding action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
G5399
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-fo-BEE-thay-san
Translations: they feared, they were afraid
Notes: This word means 'they feared' or 'they were afraid'. It describes an action of experiencing fear or being struck with terror, performed by a group of people in the past. It is often used to describe a strong emotional reaction to something awe-inspiring or dangerous.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek φόβος (phobos, “fear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰegʷ- (“to flee”).
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, their own
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun in the genitive plural. It can be translated as 'of them' or 'their', indicating possession or origin. It is often used reflexively, meaning 'their own' or 'of themselves', referring back to the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΣΦΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ
G2641
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON-tes
Translations: leaving behind, forsaking, abandoning, deserting
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of leaving behind or forsaking. It can refer to 'those who have left behind' or 'having left behind'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ
G0724
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-pa-GAS
Translations: plunder, robbery, pillage, seizure
Notes: This word refers to the act of seizing, plundering, or robbing, often with violence. It describes the spoils or things taken by force. It is used to denote acts of rapine or violent seizure.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΕΙΑ, ΣΥΛΗ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΓΗ
G5343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eph-EHF-gon
Translations: they were fleeing, they fled, they were escaping, they escaped
Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'φεύγω' (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. So, 'they were fleeing' or 'they kept on fleeing' are common translations. It describes an ongoing or habitual action of fleeing or escaping by a group of people.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ
G3122
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-lis-TA
Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'
Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'
G2532, G1691
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: KAH-meh
Translations: and me, also me, even me
Notes: This word is a crasis (contraction) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai), meaning 'and', 'also', or 'even', and the first-person singular accusative pronoun 'ἐμέ' (eme), meaning 'me' or 'myself'. It functions as 'and me', 'also me', or 'even me' in a sentence, indicating that the action or state applies to the speaker in addition to others.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Accusative (from 'ἐμέ')
G4755
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-tay-GON
Translations: general, commander, a general, a commander, governor, a governor, chief magistrate, a chief magistrate
Notes: This word refers to a military commander, a general, or a governor. In some contexts, it can also refer to a chief magistrate or a city official responsible for public order. It is used to describe someone in a position of leadership or authority, particularly in military or administrative roles.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΔΟΥΞ
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-OH-rohn
Translations: I was seeing, they were seeing, I saw, they saw, I was looking, they were looking, I was beholding, they were beholding
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'horao', meaning 'to see', 'to look at', or 'to behold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action of seeing in the past. It can be used to describe the act of perceiving something with one's eyes, or to understand or discern something mentally. For example, 'they were seeing the signs' or 'I was beholding the vision'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of primary verb ΟΡΑΩ (horao), which means 'to see'. It is related to the concept of vision and perception.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: poy-OON-tah
Translations: doing, making, producing, performing, working, creating
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is currently performing the action of doing or making. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the one doing'), or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. In the given examples, it refers to 'the one doing these things' or 'those doing the works'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Plural, Neuter or Present, Active, Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΝΤΑ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΤΕΛΟΥΝΤΑ
Etymology: The verb 'ποιέω' (poieō) comes from an uncertain origin, possibly related to 'πόνος' (ponos), meaning 'toil' or 'labor'.
G4103
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PIS-ton
Translations: faithful, a faithful one, trustworthy, a trustworthy one, reliable, a reliable one, true, a true one, sure, a sure one
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning faithful, trustworthy, or reliable. It describes someone or something that can be depended upon, is true to their word, or is steadfast in their character or actions. It can be used to describe people, things, or even concepts, indicating their reliability or truthfulness.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΕΓΓΥΟΣ
G4624
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-KAYP-toh-mehn
Translations: I was leaning upon, I was resting upon, I was resorting to, I was pretending, I was feigning
Notes: This word is the first person singular imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb σκήπτω (skēptō). In the middle voice, it means to lean upon, to rest upon, or to resort to something for support or as an excuse. It can also mean to pretend or feign, often with the implication of using something as a pretext.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΟΙΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΟΙΕΩ
G3668
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ho-MOY-ohss
Translations: likewise, similarly, in like manner, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'similarly'. It is used to indicate that something is done in the same way as something else, or that a situation is comparable to one previously mentioned. It can connect clauses or sentences, showing a parallel action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
G1303
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-THEES-thigh
Translations: to arrange, to dispose, to make a covenant, to appoint, to settle, to be disposed
Notes: This word is the perfect middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'διατίθημι'. It means 'to have arranged oneself' or 'to have been arranged/disposed'. In a legal or religious context, it can mean 'to have made a covenant' or 'to have appointed'. It describes a state of having been set up or disposed in a certain way, often with a sense of purpose or agreement.
Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word διατίθημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. The combination suggests placing things in order or arranging them thoroughly.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G1680
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: el-PEE-dah
Translations: hope, a hope, expectation, an expectation
Notes: This word refers to the feeling of expectation and desire for something to happen, often with a sense of confidence or trust. It is used to describe both a general feeling of hope and the specific object of that hope. It can be used in sentences like 'We have hope for the future' or 'He placed his hope in God'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΙΑ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TON
Translations: (of) themselves, their own
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action or possession relates to the subject itself. It is used to emphasize that the subject is acting upon or possessing something related to itself, rather than someone or something else.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G4680
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-PHIS-ma-tos
Translations: of a clever device, of a trick, of a cunning argument, of a sophism
Notes: This word refers to a clever device, a cunning argument, or a trick. It can also denote a sophism, which is a fallacious argument, especially one used to deceive. It is typically used in a context where someone is employing ingenuity, often with a negative connotation of deceit or manipulation.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΤΕΧΝΗ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SOH-thay-sahn
Translations: they were saved, they were delivered, they were made whole, they were healed
Notes: This word is a verb indicating that a group of people (they) were saved, delivered, made whole, or healed. It is often used in a spiritual sense to refer to salvation, but can also refer to physical healing or deliverance from danger. It describes an action that was completed in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ
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