The Life of Flavius Josephus Chapter 46, Interlinear version from Life of Flavius Josephus, The (Beta)

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2983

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4012

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2493

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-na-THAN

Translations: Jonathan

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Hebrew name Jonathan. It is a common biblical name, notably the son of King Saul and a close friend of David. In this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Jonathan is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yehonatan (יְהוֹנָתָן), meaning 'Yahweh has given' or 'gift of God'. It combines the divine name Yahweh (יהוה) with the verb 'natan' (נתן), meaning 'to give'.

G3765

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G3303

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G480

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-GRAH-foo-sin

Translations: they copy, they transcribe, they write back, they reply in writing

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to copy,' 'to transcribe,' or 'to write back in reply.' It is often used in contexts where someone is making a duplicate of a document or responding to a letter or message in written form. The word is a compound of 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return,' and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write.'

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ

G4892

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ED-ree-on

Translations: council, a council, Sanhedrin, a Sanhedrin, assembly, an assembly

Notes: This word refers to a council or an assembly, particularly a judicial body. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish court in Jerusalem. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἕδρα' (seat).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting'. Thus, it literally means 'a sitting together' or 'an assembly of those sitting together'.

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2523

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-thee-SAN-tes

Translations: having sat down, sitting down, when they sat down, after they sat down

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit'. It describes an action of sitting that has already occurred or is ongoing, often implying a state resulting from that action. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'having sat down' or 'while sitting'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΔΡΑΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3880

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BON-tes

Translations: taking, receiving, having taken, having received

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'paralambanō', meaning 'to take alongside, to receive, or to take over'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the main verb. It often implies a completed action, such as 'having taken' or 'having received', and can refer to taking someone with oneself, receiving something, or taking over a tradition or teaching.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ

G5100

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G1380

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay

Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.

G4314

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1056

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yah

Translations: Galilee

Notes: Galilee is a region in northern ancient Israel, known for its fertile land and significant role in biblical history, particularly as the primary setting for Jesus's ministry. It is often referred to in the New Testament.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Galilee' comes from the Hebrew word 'galil' (גָּלִיל), meaning 'circle' or 'district'. It referred to a district of northern Israel, particularly the region inhabited by Gentiles.

G1063

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3843

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAN-tohs

Translations: certainly, by all means, altogether, surely, doubtless, absolutely, entirely, at any rate

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize certainty, totality, or necessity. It can be translated as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'by all means,' or 'altogether,' indicating that something is definitely true or will definitely happen. It can also mean 'at any rate' or 'in any case,' suggesting a minimum level of certainty or action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΣΗ, ΠΑΝΤΗ

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: goon

Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate

Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).

G1313

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ah-FOH-ron

Translations: different, excellent, better, various, diverse, a different thing, an excellent thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'different,' 'excellent,' 'superior,' or 'various.' It describes something that stands out or is distinct from others, either in kind or in quality. It can be used to indicate a difference in nature or a superiority in value.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΚΡΕΙΤΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ (diaphoros) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear.' Thus, it literally means 'carrying apart' or 'bearing through,' leading to the sense of being distinct or different.

G2564

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEH-in

Translations: to call, to invite, to name, to summon, to bid

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ΚΑΛΕΩ'. It means 'to call' in various senses, such as to summon someone, to invite them, or to give them a name. It can also mean to proclaim or to appoint. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to call' and can be used as a noun or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (to shout, to call). It is related to Latin calare (to call out, to proclaim) and Old English hlowan (to low, to bellow).

G5613

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G4165

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-on

Translations: enemy, hostile, an enemy, a hostile thing, adversary

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is hostile, adversarial, or an enemy. It is often used to refer to an opponent in conflict or someone who is unfriendly. It can be used substantively to mean 'an enemy' or 'an adversary'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόλεμος (polemos), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. Thus, it refers to that which pertains to war or an enemy.

G2753

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KEH-leh-oo-eh-toh

Translations: he was being commanded, he was being ordered, he was being urged

Notes: This word is the imperfect passive indicative form of the verb κελεύω (keleuō), meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' or 'to urge.' The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, while the passive voice means that the subject of the verb was receiving the action, rather than performing it. So, 'he was being commanded' or 'he was being ordered' describes a continuous state of being given commands in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1378

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOG-ma

Translations: decree, an ordinance, doctrine, a doctrine, dogma, a dogma

Notes: This word refers to an official decree, an ordinance, or a settled principle or doctrine. It can be used to describe a public edict issued by an authority, or a religious or philosophical teaching that is considered authoritative. In a sentence, it might refer to a king's decree or a set of religious beliefs.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: The word "dogma" comes from the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning "to seem, to think, to appear." It originally referred to that which seems good or is thought to be true, evolving to mean an opinion, then a public decree or an established doctrine.

G3778

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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4172

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G2443

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G1097

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: GNO-n-tes

Translations: knowing, having known, understanding, perceiving, recognizing, realizing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, indicating that the subject has gained knowledge or understanding. It functions like an adjective or adverb in a sentence, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the state of knowing or having known something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G5259

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2919

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-KREES-thai

Translations: to have been judged, to be judged, to have been decided, to be decided

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'κρίνω' (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used to complete the meaning of another verb or to express purpose or result. In its perfect passive form, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past and whose subject is the recipient of the action, emphasizing the state or result of having been judged or decided.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word κρίνω (krinō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to separate, to cut, to distinguish'. It is related to words signifying separation, discernment, and judgment.

G1096

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2192

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tas

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those having, the ones holding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions both as a verb, indicating an action, and as an adjective, modifying a noun. In this form, it describes individuals or things that are in the process of having or holding something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G5399

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: foh-bee-THEN-tas

Translations: having feared, being afraid, those who feared, those who were afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'phobeō', meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the noun it modifies. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past, often translated as 'having feared' or 'being afraid'. It is used to describe a group of people who experienced fear.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G4823

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: soom-boo-LEH-oo-san-tos

Translations: having advised, having counseled, of one who advised, of one who counseled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'symbouleuo', meaning 'to advise' or 'to counsel'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this genitive case, it often indicates the agent of an action or a possessive relationship, translating to 'of one who advised' or 'having advised'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and 'βουλεύω' (bouleuo, meaning 'to deliberate' or 'to counsel').

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2491

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-noo

Translations: of John

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'John'. It is a common name in the Bible, referring to several individuals, most notably John the Baptist and John the Apostle. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the son of John' or 'the Gospel of John'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Second Temple period.

G0243

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G3004

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lekh-THEN-tah

Translations: things having been said, what was said, spoken things, the things said

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that has been said or spoken. It refers to actions completed in the past, viewed as a whole. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they heard the things having been said'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Neuter (most common), or Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΙΡΗΜΕΝΑ, ΛΑΛΗΘΕΝΤΑ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4862

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G5100

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G847

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ow-toh-moh-LAY-san-tos

Translations: of one who deserted, of one who defected, of one who went over to the enemy

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'automoleō', meaning to desert, defect, or go over to the enemy. It is often used in a military context to describe someone who abandons their side to join the opposition. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing the action of deserting.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

G2029

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-KHEI-ray-sin

Translations: undertaking, an undertaking, attempt, an attempt, enterprise, an enterprise, attack, an attack

Notes: This word refers to an undertaking, an attempt, or an enterprise. It can also denote an attack or an assault. It describes an action or project that is initiated or put into motion, often with a specific goal or objective in mind. It is used to describe a planned course of action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΓΜΑ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΧΕΙΡΗΣΙΣ (epicheirēsis) comes from the verb ἐπιχειρέω (epicheireō), meaning 'to put one's hand to, undertake, attempt'. This verb is a compound of ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon, to', and χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'.

G0518

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEH-lan-tos

Translations: of having reported, of having announced, of having declared, of having brought tidings

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπαγγέλλω', meaning 'to report', 'to announce', or 'to declare'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship, such as 'of the one who reported' or 'concerning the reporting'. It is used to connect a past action to a noun or pronoun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ἘΞΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G1163

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEIN

Translations: to be necessary, to be needful, to be proper, to be right, to be fitting, to be binding, to be obligatory, to be due, to be destined, to be fated, to be required, to be compelled, to be obliged, to need, to have to, must, ought

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the impersonal verb 'ΔΕΙ'. It means 'to be necessary' or 'it is necessary'. It is often used to express obligation, necessity, or what is proper or destined to happen. It typically takes an infinitive as its subject, indicating what must or ought to be done.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

G5241

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-TEE-thes-thai

Translations: to place over, to put over, to set over, to lay over, to postpone, to defer, to put off, to propose, to suggest, to offer, to contribute

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper, meaning 'over' or 'beyond') and 'τίθημι' (tithemi, meaning 'to place' or 'to put'). It means to place something over or on top of something else, or metaphorically, to postpone or defer an action, or to propose or suggest something. It can also imply contributing or offering something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΛΛΕΣΘΑΙ, ΠΡΟΤΕΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΕΣΘΑΙ

G2540

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G0514

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-on

Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, proper, a worthy thing, a fitting thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'worthy,' 'deserving,' or 'fitting.' It is used to describe something or someone that is of appropriate value, merit, or suitability for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used to say that something is 'worthy of' something else, often followed by a genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ (axios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ag- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to the idea of weighing or balancing, thus leading to the sense of 'having weight' or 'being worthy'.

G4103

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PIS-ton

Translations: faithful, a faithful one, trustworthy, a trustworthy one, reliable, a reliable one, true, a true one, sure, a sure one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning faithful, trustworthy, or reliable. It describes someone or something that can be depended upon, is true to their word, or is steadfast in their character or actions. It can be used to describe people, things, or even concepts, indicating their reliability or truthfulness.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΕΓΓΥΟΣ

G2753

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-LEH-oh

Translations: command, order, bid, tell, urge, advise

Notes: This verb means to command, order, or bid someone to do something. It implies giving an instruction or directive, often with authority. It can be used in various contexts, such as a ruler commanding subjects, a teacher instructing students, or generally urging someone to take action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelh₁- meaning 'to call, shout'. It is related to words signifying a call or command.

G3697

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lee-tas

Translations: hoplite, a hoplite, heavy-armed soldier, a heavy-armed soldier

Notes: An hoplite was a heavily armed foot soldier in ancient Greece. They were typically equipped with a large round shield (hoplon), a spear, and a sword. Hoplites fought in a phalanx formation, a tightly packed rectangular unit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor', referring to the shield carried by these soldiers.

G2983

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-BON-tah

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having taken,' 'having received,' or 'having seized,' indicating the completion of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1841

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EX-oh-doos

Translations: exits, departures, ways out, ways of escape, ways of going out, outcomes, expenses, expenditures

Notes: This word refers to a way out, a departure, or an exit. It can also denote an outcome or the end of something, or even an expenditure or expense. In a sentence, it would describe the means or act of going out from a place or situation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΚΦΟΡΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔξοδος (exodos), from ἐξ (ex, 'out of') + ὁδός (hodos, 'way, path').

G3928

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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: pah-ree-ON-tahs

Translations: passing by, going past, those passing by, those going past

Notes: This word is a present active participle, derived from the verb 'παρέρχομαι' (parerchomai), meaning 'to pass by' or 'to go past'. In this form, it functions as a noun or an adjective, referring to 'those who are passing by' or 'the ones going past'. It describes individuals or things in the act of moving past a certain point or person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G4822

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soo-lam-BAH-non-tah

Translations: helping, assisting, taking part with, seizing, arresting, conceiving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συλλαμβάνω', which means 'to take together with', 'to help', 'to assist', 'to seize', 'to arrest', or 'to conceive' (as in becoming pregnant). In a general sense, it describes an action of joining with someone or something, either to aid or to apprehend. It can be used to describe someone who is actively participating in or contributing to an effort, or someone who is capturing or understanding something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΠΙΑΖΩ

G3122

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G3326

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1121

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: grahm-MAH-tohn

Translations: of letters, of writings, of documents, of scriptures, of a writing, of a document, of a letter

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'γραμμα' (gramma). It refers to written characters, letters of the alphabet, or more broadly, written documents, scriptures, or literature. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of letters' or 'belonging to writings'. In the provided context, 'πόλις γραμμάτων' (polis grammaton) means 'city of writings' or 'city of scribes/scholars', implying a place known for its literacy or written records.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΩΝ, ΓΡΑΦΩΝ

G0251

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-lis-ko-MEH-noos

Translations: being captured, being taken, being caught, those being captured, those being taken, those being caught

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being captured' or 'being taken'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of being seized, caught, or conquered. It functions adjectivally to modify a noun, or substantively as a noun itself, referring to the people or things undergoing capture.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G3326

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G3696

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HOP-lee-tohn

Translations: of hoplites, of soldiers, of armed men

Notes: This word refers to 'hoplites,' who were heavily armed foot soldiers in ancient Greece. It is used to describe a group or collection of such soldiers, often in the context of their possessions or actions, as indicated by its genitive case.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΩΝ, ΜΑΧΗΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ (hoplites) is derived from ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'armor' or 'weapon.' It refers to a soldier equipped with such armor.

G3344

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-THO-ree-on

Translations: border, a border, boundary, a boundary, frontier, a frontier, region, a region

Notes: This word refers to a boundary, border, or frontier, typically a geographical one that separates two territories or regions. It can also denote a specific region or district that lies along such a border. It is used to describe the limits or confines of an area.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΡΙΟΝ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΘΟΡΙΟΝ is a compound word formed from the preposition μετά (metá), meaning "with" or "between," and ὅριον (hórion), meaning "boundary" or "limit." Thus, it literally means "that which is between boundaries" or "a common boundary."

G3939

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pah-rah-foo-LAX-on-tah

Translations: to guard, to watch over, to observe, to keep, to preserve

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'paraphylassō', meaning 'to guard' or 'to watch over'. It describes an action of careful observation or protection. In a sentence, it would function like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate someone or something that is guarding or watching.

Inflection: Future, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G4368

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-TAG-ma

Translations: commandment, command, ordinance, decree, a commandment, an ordinance

Notes: This word refers to a command, order, or decree, often issued by an authority. It signifies something that has been enjoined or prescribed. It is typically used to refer to divine or human laws and regulations.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb προστάσσω (prostassō), meaning 'to order, command, appoint', which is formed from πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and τάσσω (tassō, 'to arrange, order').

G1325

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DOOS

Translations: giving, having given, a giver, one who gives

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to give'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of giving, or has already given. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man giving the gift' or 'he spoke, giving a warning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2532, G1565

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-noh

Translations: and that, and he, and she, and it, and those, and they, also that, also he, also she, also it, also those, also they

Notes: This word is a contraction (crasis) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai, meaning 'and' or 'also') and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (ekeinos, meaning 'that one' or 'he/she/it'). It functions as 'and that one' or 'also that one', referring to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context. It can be used to connect clauses or phrases, emphasizing the addition of 'that' particular subject or object.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3326

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4846

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sool-lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to seize, to arrest, to take, to help, to assist, to conceive

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Depending on the context, it can mean to seize or arrest someone, to take hold of something, or to help or assist someone. When referring to a woman, it can also mean to conceive a child.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound of the Greek preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to take'.

G5442

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAT-tayn

Translations: to guard, to keep, to observe, to protect, to preserve, to watch over

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to guard, keep, or protect. It can be used in various contexts, such as guarding a place, keeping a command or law, observing a custom, or protecting someone from harm. It implies a sense of careful oversight and preservation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ comes from the Greek word φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.

G1275

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-PEM-pine

Translations: to send through, to send across, to send away, to dispatch

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΔΙΑΠΕΜΠΩ. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempo), meaning 'to send'. Therefore, it means 'to send through' or 'to send across', often implying sending someone or something from one place to another, or dispatching them.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb ΔΙΑΠΕΜΠΩ is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempo), meaning 'to send'.

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The Life of Flavius Josephus, Chapter 46

Interlinear version from Life of Flavius Josephus, The (Beta)

46:236

46:237

46:238

46:239

46:240

46:241

This interlinear database is in beta