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The Life of Flavius Josephus, Chapter 59
Interlinear version from Life of Flavius Josephus, The (Beta)
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G4281
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-EL-thohn
Translations: having gone forth, having gone forward, having come forth, having advanced, having proceeded
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'προέρχομαι' (proerchomai), meaning 'to go forth' or 'to go forward'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to modify the main verb in a sentence. It indicates that someone or something has moved from one place to another, or advanced in some way, before the action of the main verb takes place.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩΝ
G3641
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: o-LI-gon
Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ
Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.
G5221
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pan-tee-AH-zayn
Translations: to meet, to go to meet, to come to meet
Notes: This verb means 'to meet' or 'to go to meet' someone or something. It implies an intentional movement towards another person or group for the purpose of an encounter. It is often used in contexts where one party goes out to intercept or greet another.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ, ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EM-el-lon
Translations: I was about to, they were about to, I intended, they intended, I was destined to, they were destined to
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb μέλλω. It describes an action that was on the point of happening, was intended to happen, or was destined to happen in the past. It often takes an infinitive verb to complete its meaning, indicating what the subject was about to do or intended to do.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word μέλλω comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to delay, to be slow'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nay
Translations: John
Notes: This is a common biblical name, equivalent to the English name John. It refers to several prominent figures in the Bible, such as John the Baptist and John the Apostle. It is used to identify a specific male individual.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Dative, or Vocative, Masculine
G4334
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-ee-ON-tee
Translations: approaching, coming to, going to
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι', meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of approaching or drawing near. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'the one approaching'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΩ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HOP-lee-tohn
Translations: of hoplites, of soldiers, of armed men
Notes: This word refers to 'hoplites,' who were heavily armed foot soldiers in ancient Greece. It is used to describe a group or collection of such soldiers, often in the context of their possessions or actions, as indicated by its genitive case.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΩΝ, ΜΑΧΗΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ (hoplites) is derived from ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'armor' or 'weapon.' It refers to a soldier equipped with such armor.
G1167
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: DEE-sas
Translations: having feared, fearing, being afraid
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of fearing.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΙΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΗΘΕΙΣ
Etymology: The verb 'δείδω' (deidō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to be afraid' or 'to flee'. It is related to words signifying dread or flight.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-non
Translations: that (one), him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ
Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G1627
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-EK-lee-nah
Translations: turned aside, deviated, avoided, shunned, departed, swerved
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to turn aside, deviate, or depart from a path, course, or standard. It can also mean to avoid or shun something. It is often used in a moral sense, referring to turning away from righteousness or God's commands. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb κλίνω (klinō), meaning 'to bend' or 'to incline'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΠΑΡΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G4728
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: steh-NO-poo
Translations: of a narrow place, of a narrow passage, of a narrow street, of a narrow way
Notes: This word refers to a narrow place, such as a narrow street, alley, or passage. It describes a confined or restricted space. In the provided context, it refers to the narrow streets or alleys of a city.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΥ, ΠΥΛΗΣ, ΔΙΟΔΟΥ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nos
Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose
Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LIM-nayne
Translations: lake, a lake, pond, a pond
Notes: This word refers to a body of standing water, typically a lake or a pond. It is used to describe natural or artificial collections of water that are larger than a pool but smaller than a sea. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to a lake.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΑΚΚΟΣ, ΚΟΛΥΜΒΗΘΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leymn-, meaning 'pool, lake'. It is related to other words referring to wet or marshy areas.
G4982
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: so-THAYS
Translations: saved, delivered, healed, preserved, rescued, having been saved, the one who was saved
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It describes someone who has undergone the action of being saved, delivered, healed, or preserved. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can act adverbially, indicating the circumstances under which an action occurred.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΥΣΘΕΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΘΕΙΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΘΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΩΖΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂w- meaning 'to be strong, to be able'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G4143
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLOI-oo
Translations: of a boat, of a ship, of a vessel, boat, a boat, ship, a ship, vessel, a vessel
Notes: This word refers to a boat, ship, or any kind of vessel used for water travel. It is commonly used to describe a means of transport across water, whether for fishing, trade, or passenger movement. The form 'ΠΛΟΙΟΥ' specifically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a boat' or 'belonging to a ship'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΝΑΥΣ, ΣΚΑΦΟΣ
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: lah-bo-MEH-nos
Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized, laying hold of, having laid hold of
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It often implies the action of 'taking hold of' or 'grasping' something, and can be translated as 'taking' or 'having taken' depending on the context. When followed by a genitive case, it means 'to lay hold of' or 'to seize'.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G1684
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: em-BAS
Translations: having entered, having stepped in, having gone into, having embarked
Notes: This word is the masculine nominative singular, aorist active participle of the verb 'ἐμβαίνω' (embainō), meaning 'to step in, to go into, to embark'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before the main verb, often translated as 'having entered' or 'having gone into'. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances of the main verb's action.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕἸΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'ἐμβαίνω' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to step' or 'to go'.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G5088
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ta-ri-KHE-as
Translations: embalmer, a salter, a curer of meat or fish
Notes: This word refers to a person who practices the art of preserving bodies, typically through embalming, or who salts and cures meat or fish. It describes someone involved in the preservation of perishable goods.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G1276
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-peh-rah-EE-oh-theen
Translations: I was carried across, I was transported, I was brought over, I crossed over
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (through) and the verb περαιόω (to cross over). It means to be carried or transported across something, such as a body of water. It is used to describe the action of someone being conveyed from one side to another, or of someone themselves crossing over.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΓΩ
G0651
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-pross-doh-KEE-tohs
Translations: unexpectedly, suddenly, unawares
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'unexpectedly' or 'suddenly'. It describes an action that happens without prior warning or anticipation. It is often used to emphasize the surprising nature of an event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ΕΞΑΙΦΝΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἀπροσδοκήτως (aprosdoketos) is derived from the adjective ἀπροσδόκητος (aprosdoketos), meaning 'unexpected'. This adjective is formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not', and προσδοκάω (prosdokao), meaning 'to expect' or 'to look forward to'. The suffix -τως (-tos) is added to form the adverb.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kin-DY-non
Translations: danger, a danger, peril, a peril, risk, a risk
Notes: This word refers to a state of danger, peril, or risk. It is commonly used to describe a situation where harm or loss is possible. For example, one might face danger in a difficult journey or be exposed to a risk in a challenging endeavor.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΜΑ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΣΙΣ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ
G1333
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-fyoo-GOHN
Translations: having escaped, having fled through, escaping, fleeing through
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb φεύγω (pheugo), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. Therefore, it means 'to flee through' or 'to escape completely'. It describes an action of successfully getting away from a dangerous situation or place. It is used to describe someone who has accomplished an escape.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩΝ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩΝ
G3343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-PEM-poh-mai
Translations: send for, summon, call for
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (with, after) and 'πέμπω' (to send). It means to send for someone or something, to summon them, or to cause them to come. It is often used in the middle voice, implying that the action is done for oneself or by one's own initiative.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετά (metá, “with, after”) + πέμπω (pémpō, “to send”).
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Part of Speech: Letter
Sounds like: TAF
Translations: Tau
Notes: Τ (tau) is the 19th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number 300. It is also known for its symbolic significance, particularly as a cross-like shape.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The letter Tau is derived from the Phoenician letter taw, which meant 'mark' or 'sign'. It is the last letter of the Phoenician alphabet.
G2112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: YOO-thoos
Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, indicating that something happens without delay or directly. It is used to express immediacy in time, meaning 'at once' or 'straightway'. It can also refer to a direct path or manner, meaning 'straight' or 'directly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct'. It developed into an adverb indicating immediacy.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G4409
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: proh-TEH-oo-ont-as
Translations: leading, chief, principal, foremost, prominent, the leading ones, the chief men
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'πρωτεύω' (prōteuō), meaning 'to be first' or 'to hold the first place'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is currently leading or holding a prominent position. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the leading man'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the leading ones' or 'the chief men'). In the provided context, it is used substantively in the accusative plural, referring to 'the leading ones' or 'the chief men'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ
G1056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gah-li-LAI-ohn
Translations: of Galileans, of the Galileans
Notes: This word refers to people from Galilee, a region in northern ancient Israel. It is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to' or 'from' the Galileans. It is a plural form, referring to multiple people from Galilee.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Γαλιλαία (Galilaia), the name of the region, which is of Hebrew origin (גָּלִיל, galil, meaning 'circle' or 'region').
G5427
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FRAH-zoh
Translations: to tell, to declare, to say, to explain, to show, to make known
Notes: This verb means to tell, declare, or explain something. It is used to convey information, make something known, or express a thought. It can be used in contexts where one is giving an account, describing an event, or making a statement.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to φράσσω (phrassō, 'to fence in, enclose'), perhaps with the sense of 'to mark out, make clear'.
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pon
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, a custom, fashion, a fashion
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or custom in which something is done. It describes the method or style of an action or event. For example, it can be used to say 'in this way' or 'after the manner of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ, ΕΘΟΣ
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G3900
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pa-ras-pon-DE-thees
Translations: having violated a treaty, having broken a truce, having acted treacherously, having been betrayed
Notes: This word describes someone who has violated a treaty or truce, or acted treacherously. It can also imply being betrayed or having a treaty broken against oneself. It is typically used to describe actions related to agreements or covenants.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word παρασπονδέω (paraspondeo) is a compound word formed from παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside, contrary to', and σπονδέω (spondeo), meaning 'to pour a libation, to make a treaty'. Thus, it literally means 'to act contrary to a treaty made with libations'.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G2493
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-na-THAN
Translations: Jonathan
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the Hebrew name Jonathan. It is a common biblical name, notably the son of King Saul and a close friend of David. In this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Jonathan is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yehonatan (יְהוֹנָתָן), meaning 'Yahweh has given' or 'gift of God'. It combines the divine name Yahweh (יהוה) with the verb 'natan' (נתן), meaning 'to give'.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: tee-beh-ree-EES
Translations: Tiberians, people of Tiberias
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of the city of Tiberias, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. It is used to identify people originating from or associated with that city.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The city of Tiberias was named in honor of the Roman Emperor Tiberius. The word is derived from the name 'Tiberius'.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G1311
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-af-thar-AY-een
Translations: to be destroyed, to be corrupted, to perish, may it be destroyed, may it be corrupted, may it perish
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb φθείρω (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. The combined meaning is to utterly destroy, corrupt, or spoil something. It can refer to physical destruction, moral corruption, or decay. This specific form expresses a potential or a wish, often translated with 'may it be' or 'let it be'.
Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Passive, Singular, Third Person
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ
G3710
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: or-GISS-then
Translations: having been angered, having become angry, having been enraged
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be angry' or 'to become angry'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has been angered or has become angry. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to explain the state or manner of an action.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΩΘΕΝ, ΧΟΛΩΘΕΝ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G3853
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-ke-LEH-yoo-eh-toh
Translations: he was exhorting, he was encouraging, he was urging, he was admonishing
Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'παρακελεύομαι'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was exhorting, encouraging, or urging another person or group. It implies a continuous effort to persuade or motivate.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3371
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAY-keh-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still
Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle "μη" (not) and the adverb "ἔτι" (yet, still). It means "no longer" or "no more," indicating the cessation of an action or state. It is used to express that something that was happening or was true is now no longer the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still).
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEL-line
Translations: to be about to, to intend to, to be destined to, to delay, to hesitate
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb μέλλω. It is commonly used with an infinitive to express an action that is imminent, intended, or destined to happen. It can also indicate a delay or hesitation in doing something. For example, it might be used to say 'he is about to go' or 'they intend to speak'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- 'to grind, crush'. The meaning evolved to 'to be about to' or 'to delay', possibly through the idea of 'grinding to a halt' or 'being on the verge of something'.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-mon
Translations: war, a war
Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups. It is used to describe a battle or a prolonged struggle, often involving military action and violence. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΓΩΝ
G1627
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-FEH-rin
Translations: to carry out, to bring forth, to bear, to produce, to lead out, to publish
Notes: This word means to carry something out from a place, to bring something forth, or to produce something. It can be used literally, such as carrying an object out of a house, or figuratively, such as bringing forth fruit or publishing information.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
Etymology: The word ἘΚΦΕΡΕΙΝ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G2010
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-pine
Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit
Notes: This word means to give permission or to allow something to happen. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone's care. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or responsibility is assigned.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτρέπω (epitrépō), from ἐπί (epí, 'upon, to') + τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn'). The sense evolved from 'to turn over to' to 'to permit' or 'to entrust'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G2064
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: el-THOO-sin
Translations: (to) having come, (to) having gone, (to) having arrived
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating 'those who have come' or 'those who have gone', and is used in a dative case context, often implying 'to' or 'for' them. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He gave gifts to those who had come'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ergʰ- meaning 'to move, to go'. It is a very common verb in ancient Greek.
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-neen
Translations: John
Notes: This is a common proper name, equivalent to the English name John. It is used to refer to various individuals in the Bible, such as John the Baptist or the Apostle John. As an accusative case, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G0730
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AR-den
Translations: utterly, completely, entirely, altogether, totally
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'utterly' or 'completely'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of an action, indicating that something is done without reservation or to its full extent. For example, it might describe something being destroyed utterly or removed completely.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΟΛΩΣ, ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣ
Etymology: The origin of ἈΡΔΗΝ is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from the root of the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift, take up, or remove', suggesting a sense of being 'taken up completely' or 'removed entirely'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fah-NEE-sai
Translations: to make unseen, to destroy, to vanish, to disappear, to corrupt, to consume
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to make something unseen, to cause it to disappear, or to destroy it completely. It can also imply causing something to fade away or become corrupt. It is often used in contexts of destruction or removal.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ἘΞΑΛΕΙΦΩ
Etymology: The word ἀφανίζω (aphanizō) comes from ἀφανής (aphanēs), meaning 'unseen' or 'invisible', which is itself derived from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-) meaning 'not' and φαίνω (phainō) meaning 'to show' or 'to appear'. Thus, it literally means 'to make not appear' or 'to make unseen'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PEH-khon
Translations: held back, restrained, delayed, paid attention, applied, offered, held forth
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'epechō', meaning to hold upon, hold back, restrain, or delay. It can also mean to pay attention to, apply oneself to, or to offer/hold forth something. Its meaning can vary depending on the context and the case of the object it takes.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΝΤΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ
G3676
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-mohs
Translations: nevertheless, however, yet, still, but, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It indicates a concession or a continuation despite a preceding condition, similar to 'nevertheless' or 'however' in English. It can be used to emphasize that something is true despite an obstacle or contrary fact.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΝ, ΑΛΛΑ, ΚΑΙΤΟΙ
Etymology: From the Greek prefix ὁμο- (homo-), meaning 'same' or 'alike', combined with the suffix -ως (-ōs), which forms adverbs. It originally conveyed the idea of 'in the same way' or 'equally', evolving to mean 'nevertheless' or 'however' in a concessive sense.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G2539
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: KAI-per
Translations: although, though, even though, even if, notwithstanding
Notes: This word is a compound particle used to introduce a concessive clause, meaning 'although' or 'even though'. It indicates that something is true despite a contrary condition or circumstance. It often appears with a participle, expressing a concession.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai), meaning 'and' or 'even', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which is an intensive particle. Together, they form a strong concessive meaning.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G3710
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: or-GHEE-zo-me-noos
Translations: being angry, those who are angry, angry ones
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being angry' or 'those who are becoming angry'. It describes someone who is in a state of anger or is experiencing the process of becoming angry. It can function adjectivally to describe a noun, or substantively as 'the angry ones'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΥΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΧΟΛΩΜΕΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word ὀργίζω (orgizō) comes from ὀργή (orgē), meaning 'anger' or 'wrath'. The root ὀργή is related to the idea of swelling or being full, suggesting a buildup of emotion.
G4037
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-MEH-neen
Translations: to wait, to wait for, to await, to expect
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'περί' (around, about) and 'μένω' (to remain, to stay). It means to wait for someone or something, to await an event, or to expect something to happen. It implies a period of staying or remaining in a place while anticipating an arrival or outcome.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΜΕΝΩ
G2753
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: keh-LEH-ohn
Translations: commanding, ordering, urging, bidding, telling
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'commanding' or 'ordering'. It describes someone who is currently giving a command or instruction. It can be used to describe the action of a person who is in a position of authority or simply giving a strong directive.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G3129
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mah-THOH-men
Translations: let us learn, let us understand, let us be taught
Notes: This word means 'let us learn' or 'let us be taught'. It is used to express a hortatory subjunctive, indicating a suggestion or exhortation for a group (us) to perform the action of learning or understanding. It implies gaining knowledge or instruction.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb Participle
Sounds like: pem-FTHEN-tes
Translations: sent, having been sent, those who were sent, the ones sent
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been sent' or 'those who were sent'. It describes individuals or groups who have been dispatched, commissioned, or delegated for a specific purpose. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has undergone the action of being sent.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to send, to conduct'.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G2415
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-roh-soh-loo-MEE-tohn
Translations: (of) Jerusalemites, (of) inhabitants of Jerusalem
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants or residents of Jerusalem. It is used to describe people who are from or associated with the city of Jerusalem.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word is derived from 'Ιεροσόλυμα' (Hierosolyma), the Greek name for Jerusalem, and the suffix '-ίτης' (-ites), which denotes an inhabitant or a person belonging to a place.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G0518
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pang-geh-LOO-sin
Translations: they will report, they will announce, they will tell, they will declare, they will bring word
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb ἀγγέλλω (aggellō, meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'). It means to bring a message from someone or somewhere, to report, announce, or declare something. It is used to describe the act of conveying information or news.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn
Translations: of those, of them, those
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1106
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gno-MEES
Translations: of opinion, of purpose, of judgment, of counsel, of will, of a mind, of a decision
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, opinion, purpose, or decision. It can also denote one's mind or will. It is used to express the source or origin of a thought or intention, often indicating 'from the opinion of' or 'according to the will of' someone.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ, ΚΡΙΣΙΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: doh-KOON-tah
Translations: seeming, appearing, thinking, supposing, reputed, those seeming, those appearing, those thinking, those supposing, those reputed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ΔΟΚΕΩ, meaning 'to seem,' 'to appear,' 'to think,' or 'to suppose.' It describes something or someone that is perceived or believed to be true, often implying a subjective judgment or reputation rather than an objective fact. It can be translated as 'seeming,' 'appearing,' or 'reputed,' and when used substantively (as a noun), it refers to 'those who seem' or 'those who are reputed.'
Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PRAX-ayn
Translations: to do, to act, to accomplish, to perform, to practice
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. It describes the action of doing, performing, or accomplishing something. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun or complements another verb, indicating the purpose or result of an action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΙΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΙΝ
Etymology: The word 'πράσσω' (prassō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂g- meaning 'to do, to make'. It is related to the noun 'πρᾶξις' (praxis), meaning 'a doing, a deed, an action'.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-FAYN
Translations: I said, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This is the first aorist active indicative form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone said in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'he/she/it said' depending on the context. It can refer to a specific utterance or a general statement made previously.
Inflection: First Aorist, Active, Indicative, Singular, First or Third Person
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: The verb φημί (phēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- meaning 'to speak, tell, say'. It is related to Latin fari ('to speak') and English 'ban' (in the sense of proclamation).
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TAWT
Translations: this, that, these, those
Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PONE
Translations: having said, saying, speaking, after saying
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having said' or 'after saying'. It describes an action that was completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, indicating that someone has spoken. For example, 'Having said this, he left.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΑΣΚΩΝ
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PEI-sa
Translations: I persuaded, I convinced, I prevailed upon
Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πείθω' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. The prefix 'ἐπι-' (epi-) can intensify the meaning or add a sense of 'upon' or 'in addition'. Thus, 'ἐπείσα' means 'I persuaded' or 'I convinced' someone to do something, or 'I prevailed upon' them. It describes a completed action of persuasion in the past.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOH-teh
Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).
G1211
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: DAY
Translations: now, indeed, then, already, certainly, truly, come, go to
Notes: This word is an indeclinable particle used to give emphasis, urgency, or to mark a transition in discourse. It can express a sense of 'now' or 'already', or it can be used to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on' or 'go to'. It often adds a sense of immediacy or certainty to a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΓΕ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to emphasize or urge.
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nays
Translations: John
Notes: This is a common male proper name of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It is used to refer to various individuals named John, such as John the Baptist or the Apostle John. It functions as the subject of a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Ἰωάννης (Ioannes) is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוֹחָנָן), which means 'Yahweh is gracious'. It was a very common name in ancient Israel and continued to be popular in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: lah-BOO-sees
Translations: of having taken, of having received, of having seized, of having grasped, of having obtained
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a noun or pronoun. In this form, it indicates an action that has already occurred (aorist tense) and is in the active voice. It is used to describe a feminine singular noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin related to the act of taking or receiving.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
Etymology: The verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to take.' It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of applications related to acquiring or receiving something.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G5056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEH-los
Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty
Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.
G1747
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-NEH-dras
Translations: ambush, an ambush, lying in wait, a trap, a snare
Notes: This word refers to a hidden position from which to make a surprise attack, or the act of lying in wait. It can also refer to a trap or snare set to catch someone. It is often used in contexts of deception or hostile intent.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the noun ἕδρα (hedra, 'seat, sitting'). It literally means 'a sitting in' or 'a sitting in wait'.
G0387
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nez-EVG-noo-en
Translations: departed, set out, broke camp, marched away
Notes: This word describes the action of breaking camp or setting out on a journey. It implies a movement away from a previous location, often in a military context, like an army breaking camp, but can also refer to individuals departing. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and 'ζεύγνυμι' (zeugnymi), meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join', which in this context refers to unyoking or unharnessing animals to prepare for departure.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: GISS-kha-lah
Translations: Gischala
Notes: This word refers to Gischala, a town in Galilee, known in ancient times. It is a proper noun, specifically the name of a place. In the provided context, it appears to be used as a geographical reference.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The name Gischala is of Aramaic origin, likely meaning 'white place' or 'place of white earth/chalk'. It was a significant town in ancient Galilee.
This interlinear database is in beta
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