2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0322

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-DEIK-sen

Translations: appointed, showed, declared, revealed, designated, displayed

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb ἀναδείκνυμι. It means to appoint, designate, show, declare, or reveal. It is often used in contexts where someone is formally chosen or revealed for a position or task, or when something is made clear or displayed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ, ΚΑΘΊΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΧΕΙΡΊΖΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ROOS

Translations: others, other ones

Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another' of a different kind, implying a distinction or difference from something previously mentioned or understood. It is used to refer to individuals or things that are distinct from a primary group or item. For example, 'he spoke to others' would imply he spoke to people who were different from a specific group.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the English word 'other'.

G0303

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix

Sounds like: ah-NAH

Translations: up, upward, again, back, each, per, through, among, by, on, upon

Notes: ἈΝΑ is a versatile Koine Greek word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement 'up' or 'upward', or distribution 'each' or 'per'. As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upward'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys meanings such as 'up', 'back', 'again', or 're-'. For example, in 'ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ' (anastethi), it means 'stand up' or 'rise up'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'on, upon, up'.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2326

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-ris-MOS

Translations: harvest, a harvest, reaping

Notes: This word refers to the act of harvesting or the season when harvesting takes place. It can also refer to the crop that is harvested. It is commonly used in contexts related to agriculture, but can also be used metaphorically to describe a time of gathering or consequence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΚΑΡΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb θερίζω (therizō), meaning "to reap" or "to harvest", which is related to θέρος (theros), meaning "summer" or "harvest time".

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loos

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, a great many

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can refer to a large crowd of people or a significant amount of something. It can also be used to describe something as 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-THEE-teh

Translations: pray, entreat, beg, ask, implore

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to pray, entreat, or beg. It is often used in the context of making a request to God or a person in authority, indicating a humble and earnest appeal. It can be used to ask for something specific or to plead for mercy or intervention. The form provided is an aorist imperative, meaning it is a command to perform the action of praying or entreating.

Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Middle/Passive, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G2326

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-rees-MOO

Translations: of harvest, of reaping, of summer

Notes: This word refers to the act of harvesting or reaping, or the season when this activity takes place, which is summer. It is often used in contexts related to agriculture, such as the gathering of crops like wheat or barley. It can also metaphorically refer to a time of gathering or consequence.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΜΗΤΟΣ, ΚΑΡΠΟΦΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'θερισμός' (therismos) comes from the verb 'θερίζω' (therizo), meaning 'to reap' or 'to harvest', which itself is derived from 'θέρος' (theros), meaning 'summer' or 'harvest time'.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-os-TEL-loh

Translations: send, send away, send forth, dispatch

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'. It means to send someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It can be used in various contexts, such as sending a messenger, sending out a decree, or dispatching a person on a journey.

Inflection: This is the present active indicative, first person singular form of the verb. As a verb, it conjugates for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0905

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bal-LAN-tee-on

Translations: money bag, a money bag, purse, a purse

Notes: This word refers to a money bag or a purse, typically used for carrying coins or other small valuables. It is a common term found in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament, to denote a container for money. It is used in sentences where one might carry or possess money.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΗΡΑ, ΓΛΩΣΣΟΚΟΜΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΛΛΑΝΤΙΟΝ is derived from the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast', possibly referring to the act of throwing coins into a bag. It is related to the idea of something that holds what is 'thrown in'.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEE-ran

Translations: they took, they carried, they lifted, they raised

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It means 'they took', 'they carried', 'they lifted', or 'they raised'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often with the sense of picking something up or removing it. For example, it can be used to describe people lifting their voices or taking something away.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The verb 'αἴρω' (airō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lift, to raise'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-THEH-nah

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, any, not any, none

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one', 'nobody', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that there is 'not any' of that noun. As a pronoun, it stands in for 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is often used in prohibitions or commands, especially with the subjunctive mood, to forbid an action.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace

Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. It is often used in contexts of spiritual peace or a peaceful relationship between individuals or nations.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koh

Translations: (to) house, (to) household, (to) family, (to) temple, (to) home

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a building. It can also refer to a household, meaning the family and all who live within the house, or more broadly, a lineage or a family line. In a religious context, it can refer to a temple or the house of God. The form ΟἸΚΩ is the dative singular, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G373, G377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ah-nah-PAH-ee-seh-teh

Translations: will rest, will settle, will cause to rest, will refresh

Notes: This word is a future tense verb meaning 'will rest' or 'will settle upon'. It can also mean 'will cause to rest' or 'will refresh'. It is often used to describe something coming to rest or settling upon a person or thing, or providing rest to someone. It is a compound word formed from the prefixes ἐπι- (epi-, 'upon') and ἀνα- (ana-, 'up' or 'again') combined with the verb παύω (pauō, 'to cease' or 'to rest').

Inflection: Future Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ἩΣΥΧΑΖΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἈΝΑΠΑΥΩ (anapauō) comes from ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and παύω (paúō, 'to make cease, to stop'). The prefix ἐπι- (epi-) is added to form ἘΠΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ, meaning 'to rest upon' or 'to settle upon'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-os

Translations: worthy, deserving, fit, suitable, a worthy one, a deserving one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being worthy, deserving, or suitable for a particular purpose, action, or reward. It can be used to express that someone is 'worthy of' something, often followed by a genitive case, or 'deserving of' a certain fate or honor. It implies a correspondence between the quality of a person or thing and what is due to them.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This adjective can inflect for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular, plural), and case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, to weigh'. It is related to the idea of balance and weighing, thus leading to the concept of worth or value.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2040

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: er-GAH-tace

Translations: worker, a worker, laborer, a laborer, workman, a workman

Notes: This word refers to someone who performs work, a laborer, or a workman. It is often used to describe someone engaged in physical labor, but can also refer to someone who carries out a task or performs a service, such as a teacher or minister. It emphasizes the act of working or producing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΜΙΣΘΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: From ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work', and the suffix -της (-tes), indicating an agent or doer. Thus, it literally means 'one who works'.

G3406

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mis-THOO

Translations: of reward, of wage, of pay, of hire, a reward, a wage, pay, hire

Notes: This word refers to a reward, wage, or pay received for work or service. It can also denote the recompense or punishment for actions. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, often indicating possession or association, such as 'with a reward' or 'for a wage'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΘΟΣ (misthos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to payment for labor or service.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-ER-khess-theh

Translations: you may enter, you may go in, you may come in

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis, 'into') and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come' or 'to go'). It means 'to go into', 'to come into', or 'to enter'. It is often used to describe physical entry into a place, but can also refer to entering a state or condition. In this form, it expresses a potential or hypothetical action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Subjunctive Mood, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ

G3908

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ti-THE-me-na

Translations: things set before, things presented, things served up, things offered, things laid before

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'παρατίθημι' (paratithēmi), meaning 'to place beside' or 'to set before'. As a neuter plural participle, it refers to 'things' that are being set before someone, such as food on a table, or concepts/teachings presented for consideration. It describes items or ideas that are being offered or laid out for a recipient.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΑ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PAH-teh

Translations: you said, you spoke, say, speak

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to convey a command or a statement directed at a group of people. It can be translated as 'you said' (referring to a past action by a group) or 'say!' / 'speak!' (as a command to a group).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural (you said) OR Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural (say! / speak!)

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΠΩ is a primary verb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is a very old verb with a complex history, often considered to be of uncertain or pre-Greek origin, though it has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G2868

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-nee-OR-ton

Translations: dust, a dust

Notes: This word refers to dust, especially fine dust or a cloud of dust. It is a compound word formed from 'κονία' (konía), meaning 'dust' or 'ash', and 'ὄρνυμι' (órnumi), meaning 'to rouse' or 'to stir up'. It is used to describe the particulate matter that is stirred up from the ground, often by movement or wind, and can obscure vision or settle on surfaces.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΝΙΑ, ΨΑΜΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΝΙΟΡΤΟΣ is a compound noun derived from the Greek words κονία (konía), meaning 'dust' or 'ash', and ὄρνυμι (órnumi), meaning 'to stir up' or 'to rouse'. It literally means 'that which is stirred up dust'.

G2853

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kol-lee-THEN-tah

Translations: joined, glued, cleaved, attached, adhered, united

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'κολλάω' (kolláō), meaning 'to glue, to join, to cleave to'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been joined, glued, or attached. It can be used to describe physical adhesion, or metaphorically, a close association or union with someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΑΩ, ΣΥΝΑΠΤΩ, ΕΝΟΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-MAS-soh-meh-thah

Translations: we wipe off, we shake off

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to wipe off' or 'to shake off'. It is often used in the context of shaking dust from one's feet as a symbolic act of protest or rejection. The prefix 'ἀπο-' (apo-) means 'from' or 'away from', and the root 'μάσσω' (massō) means 'to knead, to wipe'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present Tense, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'μάσσω' (massō), meaning 'to knead, to wipe'.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G0414

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NEK-toh-teh-ron

Translations: more tolerable, more bearable

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'more tolerable' or 'more bearable'. It is used to compare the degree of tolerability or bearableness between two things or situations, often in the context of judgment or suffering. It implies that one situation, while perhaps still difficult, is less severe or easier to endure than another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Comparative Degree

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΟΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΚΟΥΦΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΕΚΤΟΣ (anektos) comes from the verb ἀνέχω (anechō), meaning 'to hold up, endure, bear'. It is formed with the prefix ἀν- (an-) meaning 'up' or 'back' and ἔχω (echō) meaning 'to have, hold'.

G3759

Part of Speech: Interjection

Sounds like: OO-ah-ee

Translations: Woe, alas

Notes: This word is an exclamation used to express lament, grief, or warning. It is often translated as 'woe' or 'alas' and can be used to pronounce a curse or a solemn warning of impending disaster or judgment. It is typically followed by the person or thing to whom the 'woe' is directed, often in the dative case or introduced by a preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word 'οὐαι' is of imitative origin, mimicking a cry of lamentation. It is found in various forms across different languages, suggesting a common, ancient root for such an exclamation.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G5184

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TOO-roh

Translations: Tyre, to Tyre, in Tyre

Notes: Tyre refers to an ancient and historically significant Phoenician city, located on the coast of modern-day Lebanon. It was renowned for its maritime trade and purple dye. In Koine Greek, it is often used in contexts referring to the city itself, or indicating movement towards or location within the city, typically with a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Tyre' comes from the Phoenician word 'Ṣūr', meaning 'rock' or 'fortress', referring to the rocky formation on which the city was originally built.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nai

Translations: having become, having arisen, having come to pass, having happened, having been born

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has already occurred. In this form, 'γενομέναι' specifically refers to a group of feminine subjects who have undergone the action of becoming, happening, or being born. It often introduces a subordinate clause, providing background or context for the main action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

Etymology: The verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be born,' 'to come into being,' or 'to become.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of origin or transformation.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G4526

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SAK-koh

Translations: (to) sackcloth, (in) sackcloth, a sackcloth

Notes: This word refers to a coarse fabric, typically made of goat's hair, used for sacks or as a garment of mourning or penitence. In the provided context, it is used in the dative case, indicating the material or state in which an action occurs, often alongside fasting and ashes, signifying deep humility, repentance, or distress.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΠΟΔΟΣ, ΤΕΦΡΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΑΚΚΟΣ (sakkōs) is of Semitic origin, likely from Hebrew שַׂק (saq), meaning 'sack' or 'sackcloth'. It entered Greek and then Latin, influencing many European languages.

G2521

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-THEE-meh-noy

Translations: sitting, those sitting, who sit

Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'to sit'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting. It can be used to describe people who are seated, or metaphorically, those who are settled in a particular state or place. For example, it can refer to people sitting in darkness or those sitting near someone.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek καθέζομαι (kathézomai, “to sit down”), from κατά (katá, “down”) + ἕζομαι (hézomai, “to sit”).

G2584

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kah-far-NAH-oom

Translations: Capernaum

Notes: Capernaum was a significant city located on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee in ancient Israel. It is frequently mentioned in the New Testament as a center of Jesus' ministry, where he performed many miracles and taught extensively. It was also the home of several of his apostles.

Inflection: Singular, Does not inflect (as a proper noun)

Etymology: The name 'Capernaum' is derived from the Hebrew 'Kfar Nahum', meaning 'village of Nahum'. It is believed to be named after the prophet Nahum, though this is not definitively established.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-bee-bah-STHEH-see

Translations: you will be brought down, you will be cast down, you will be lowered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down', and the verb βιβάζω (bibazo), meaning 'to cause to go, to make to ascend'. In this form, it means 'to bring down' or 'to cast down'. It is used to describe the action of being humbled or reduced from a high position to a low one, often in a metaphorical sense of judgment or downfall. It is typically used in a future passive sense, indicating that the subject will be made to descend or be brought low by an external force.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word καταβιβάζω (katabibazo) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βιβάζω (bibazo), meaning 'to cause to go' or 'to make to ascend'. The combination thus signifies 'to cause to go down' or 'to bring down'.

G0191

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-KOO-ohn

Translations: hearing, listening, obeying, understanding, one who hears, a hearer

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hearing' or 'listening'. It describes an ongoing action of perceiving sound. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'one who hears' or 'a hearer'. It can also be used adverbially to describe the manner of an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩΝ, ἘΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ὙΠΑΚΟΥΩΝ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-KOO-eh

Translations: hears, listens, obeys, understands

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to hear, listen, or perceive sounds. It can also imply understanding what is heard or, in some contexts, to obey or give heed to something. It describes the action of receiving auditory information.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΚΟΥΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'. It is related to Latin 'audio' (to hear) and English 'acoustic'.

G0114

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-theh-TON

Translations: rejecting, setting aside, nullifying, despising, making void, disannulling, failing, neglecting

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who rejects' or 'one who sets aside'. It describes an ongoing action of treating something as invalid, worthless, or of no effect. It can be used to describe someone who disregards laws, covenants, or authority, or who fails to fulfill an obligation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΘΕΤΕΩ, ἈΚΥΡΟΩ, ἈΘΕΤΗΣΙΣ

G0114

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-theh-TEH-ee

Translations: reject, nullify, set aside, disregard, make void, despise

Notes: This verb means to reject, nullify, or set aside something, often implying a disregard for authority, law, or an agreement. It can be used when someone treats something as invalid or worthless, or when they refuse to acknowledge or obey it. For example, one might 'reject' a law or 'disregard' a command.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ἈΚΥΡΟΩ, ἈΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ἈΘΕΤΕΩ

G0649

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ap-os-TEI-lan-ta

Translations: one who sent, the one who sent, a sender, the sender

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apostellō', meaning 'to send' or 'to send away'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who has performed the action of sending. In this form, it refers to 'the one who sent' or 'a sender'. It is often used to refer to God or Christ as the one who sends people or messages.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΨΑΝΤΑ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΕΙΛΑΝΤΑ

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-TAS-seh-tai

Translations: is subject, is submissive, is obedient, is put in subjection

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under') and 'τάσσω' (tassō, meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'). It means to be placed under, to be subject to, or to be in submission to someone or something. It describes a state of being arranged or ordered beneath another, often implying obedience or subordination.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'beneath', and the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (tassō), meaning 'to arrange', 'to order', or 'to appoint'. The combination signifies arranging oneself or being arranged under an authority or order.

G2334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-theh-OH-roon

Translations: I was observing, I was looking at, I was beholding, they were observing, they were looking at, they were beholding

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'θεωρέω' (theōreō). It describes an action of observing, looking at, or beholding that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It can be translated as 'I was observing' (first person singular) or 'they were observing' (third person plural), depending on the context. It implies a sustained or continuous gaze, often with a sense of contemplation or careful consideration.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ

G0796

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: as-tra-PAYN

Translations: lightning, a lightning flash, a flash of lightning

Notes: This word refers to lightning, a sudden flash of light in the sky caused by an electrical discharge. It is often used metaphorically to describe something that appears suddenly, quickly, or with great brilliance, similar to how lightning illuminates the sky. It can also refer to the brightness or radiance of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΝΤΗ, ΦΩΣ, ΛΑΜΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'astrapē' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'astraptō' (to flash, lighten).

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-SON-tah

Translations: falling, having fallen, fallen, a falling one, one who has fallen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening or has happened, functioning like an adjective or adverb. 'Πεσόντα' specifically indicates an action of falling that has been completed (aorist tense), and it is in the accusative case, masculine or neuter gender, and plural number. It can describe 'those who have fallen' or 'things that have fallen', often implying a sudden or decisive fall.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΠΙΠΤΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kah

Translations: I have given, I gave

Notes: ΔΕΔΩΚΑ is the first person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, meaning 'to give'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It indicates that the act of giving has been completed, and its effects are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of 'giving'. It is a reduplicated form, characteristic of the perfect tense in Greek.

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an

Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.

G3961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-TEIN

Translations: to tread, to walk, to trample, to step

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'πατέω'. It generally means 'to tread' or 'to walk upon'. It can be used literally, such as walking on a path, or metaphorically, like trampling over something or someone, implying dominance or destruction. It often describes the action of placing one's foot on a surface.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'πατέω' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to walk' or 'to step'.

G1883

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-pa-NOH

Translations: above, over, on, upon, up, more than

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'above' or 'on top'. It can also be used as a preposition, often taking the genitive case, to indicate position 'over' or 'upon' something, or to mean 'more than' in a comparative sense. It describes location or superiority.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΙ, ὙΠΕΡ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G1458

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-GEG-rap-tai

Translations: it has been written, it stands written, it is recorded

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in' or 'on') and the verb γράφω (graphō, meaning 'to write'). It means 'to be written in' or 'to be inscribed'. It is used to describe something that has been permanently recorded or established, often referring to something written in a book or on a scroll, or even in the heavens.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΠΤΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΓΡΑΠΤΑΙ

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G0021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-gal-lee-AH-sah-toh

Translations: rejoiced greatly, exulted, was overjoyed

Notes: This word is a verb that means to rejoice greatly, to exult, or to be overjoyed. It describes an intense feeling of joy or triumph. It is often used to express spiritual or profound happiness, as seen in contexts of divine revelation or salvation. It can be used in sentences to describe someone experiencing profound joy.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΑΊΡΩ, ΕΥ̓ΦΡΑΊΝΩ, ἈΓΆΛΛΟΜΑΙ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee

Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition

Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ

G1843

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-oh-moh-lo-GOO-mai

Translations: I confess, I acknowledge, I give thanks, I praise

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'ὁμολογέω' (to agree, confess). It means to confess or acknowledge, often publicly or formally. It can also mean to give thanks or praise, especially to God, acknowledging His goodness or truth. It implies an open declaration or admission.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ (homologeo), meaning 'to agree' or 'to confess'. ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ itself comes from ΟΜΟΣ (homos), meaning 'same', and ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech', thus 'to speak the same thing' or 'to agree'.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G4908

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: soon-eh-TON

Translations: of understanding, of wise, of intelligent, of prudent

Notes: This word describes someone who is understanding, intelligent, or wise. It refers to a person who possesses good judgment and discernment, capable of comprehending complex matters. It is used to characterize individuals who are insightful and thoughtful in their actions and decisions.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΣΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ (synetos) comes from the verb ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ (syniemi), meaning 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the root ΙΗΜΙ (hiemi), meaning 'to send' or 'to put'. Thus, it implies putting things together mentally to achieve understanding.

G0601

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-ka-LYOO-psahs

Translations: you revealed, you uncovered, you disclosed, you unveiled

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to reveal,' 'to uncover,' 'to disclose,' or 'to unveil.' It is used to describe the act of making something known that was previously hidden or secret. It implies a divine or supernatural revelation, often of truth or knowledge. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'God revealed His will to the prophets.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ

G3516

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NAY-pee-oys

Translations: infants, children, little children, babes, simple-minded, immature, foolish, to infants, to children, to little children, to babes, to simple-minded, to immature, to foolish

Notes: This word refers to infants or young children, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is immature, simple-minded, or foolish, lacking understanding or spiritual maturity. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating 'to' or 'for' these individuals.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΙΔΙΑ, ΒΡΕΦΗ

G3483

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: NAH-ee

Translations: yes, truly, indeed, even so, assuredly

Notes: This word is an adverb used to express affirmation, agreement, or strong assertion. It can be translated as 'yes' in response to a question, or 'truly' and 'indeed' to emphasize a statement. It often conveys a sense of certainty or confirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΜΗΝ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΝΑΙ' comes from an ancient Greek particle expressing affirmation. Its origin is uncertain, but it is found in various forms across different Indo-European languages with similar meanings of affirmation or assent.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G2107

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-doh-KEE-ah

Translations: good pleasure, goodwill, favor, delight, approval, a good pleasure, a goodwill, a favor, a delight, an approval

Notes: This word is a feminine noun that refers to good pleasure, goodwill, or favor. It describes a state of being well-pleased or having a favorable disposition towards someone or something. It can also denote a decision or purpose that arises from such a disposition. It is often used in contexts relating to God's will or favor towards humanity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΕΥ̓ΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΑΓΑΠΗ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to think, seem, or be pleased'. Thus, it literally means 'to think well of' or 'to be well-pleased'.

G1715

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.

G4762

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: stra-FEIS

Translations: having turned, having turned around, having returned, having been turned, having been changed

Notes: ΣΤΡΑΦΕΙΣ is a participle derived from the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, meaning 'to turn' or 'to turn around'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It can mean 'having turned' or 'having been turned,' depending on whether it's active or passive. It often implies a change of direction, position, or even a change in one's life or attitude.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-thee

Translations: he was delivered, it was delivered, he was handed over, it was handed over, he was betrayed, it was betrayed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'paradidomi', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', or 'to betray'. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past, where the subject received the action (was handed over, delivered, or betrayed). It is often used in contexts of legal or judicial delivery, or in the sense of someone being betrayed to an enemy.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DACE

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ghee-NOH-skay

Translations: knows, understands, perceives

Notes: This word means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It refers to gaining knowledge through experience or observation, or having an intimate understanding of something or someone. It is often used to describe a deep, personal knowledge rather than just factual information. In a sentence, it would function as the main verb, indicating that someone 'knows' or 'understands' something.

Inflection: Third person singular, Present tense, Active voice, Indicative mood

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: BLEH-pon-tes

Translations: seeing, looking, observing, perceiving, watching

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'seeing' or 'those who are seeing', indicating an action performed by the subject. It is often used to describe the act of perceiving or observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BLEH-peh-teh

Translations: you see, you look, you perceive, you behold, you beware, see!, look!, behold!, beware!

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It can be used in various contexts, from physical sight to mental perception or understanding. It can also function as an imperative, meaning 'see!' or 'look!', often used to draw attention or to warn, in which case it can be translated as 'beware!'.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tai

Translations: prophets, (to) prophets, (of) prophets

Notes: This word refers to individuals who speak on behalf of God or a deity, often foretelling future events or delivering divine messages. In Koine Greek, it is a masculine noun. The form 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΑΙ' is the plural form, which can function as nominative (the subject of a sentence), dative (indicating to whom or for whom something is done), or vocative (used for direct address).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΕΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΜΟΛΟΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'for', and 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks before' or 'one who speaks for' (another).

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-THEL-ee-san

Translations: they wished, they wanted, they desired, they intended

Notes: This word is a verb that expresses a strong desire, wish, or intention. It indicates that a group of people had a will or purpose to do something. It is often used to describe what someone wanted to happen or what they were determined to do.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΘΕΛΩ' (thelo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an Indo-European root meaning 'to wish' or 'to will'. It has been present in Greek from ancient times.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to behold, to look, to know, to understand

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is used to express the action of seeing or perceiving in a general sense, often without a specific time frame. It can also imply understanding or knowing something through observation. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He desired to see the truth' or 'It is good to see the light'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'ἰδ-' (id-) is derived from a different, but related, Proto-Indo-European root, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3544

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: noh-mee-KOS

Translations: skilled in the law, learned in the law, a lawyer, a legal expert, a scribe

Notes: This word describes someone who is skilled in or an expert in the law, particularly the Mosaic Law. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'pertaining to the law' or 'legal,' or as a noun, referring to a 'lawyer' or 'legal expert.' In the New Testament, it often refers to an interpreter and teacher of the Jewish law.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΣ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word νόμος (nomos), meaning 'law,' combined with the suffix -ικός (-ikos), which forms adjectives indicating 'pertaining to' or 'skilled in.'

G1598

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-pei-RAH-zohn

Translations: tempting, testing, trying, putting to the test

Notes: This word describes the act of putting someone or something to the test, often with the intention of discovering their true character, limits, or weaknesses. It can imply a malicious or challenging intent, such as tempting someone to do wrong, or a more neutral sense of trying out something to see if it works. It is often used in contexts where someone is being challenged or provoked.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: poy-AY-sas

Translations: having made, having done, making, doing, who made, who did

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often translates as 'having made' or 'having done', indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can also be translated as 'making' or 'doing' in certain contexts, or as a relative clause like 'who made' or 'who did'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on

Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual

Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age or period of time, often implying a duration that is either without end or of very long duration. It can refer to something that has always existed, will always exist, or is characteristic of a particular age. In many contexts, it is translated as 'eternal' or 'everlasting', emphasizing endless duration.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑἸΔΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑἸΩΝ (AIŌN), meaning 'age' or 'eternity'.

G0314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-gi-NOH-skays

Translations: you read, do you read, you are reading

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Together, it means 'to read' or 'to recognize by reading'. It is used to describe the act of perusing written text or understanding its content. For example, one might ask, 'Do you read the scriptures?'

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It is typically used to introduce a statement or action that is a response to something previously said or done, functioning adverbially to describe the manner or timing of the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: is-KHOO-ee

Translations: to strength, to power, to might, to ability, by strength, by power, by might, by ability

Notes: This word refers to strength, power, or might. It can denote physical strength, moral power, or inherent ability. It is often used to describe the capacity to do something or to overcome obstacles. In the dative case, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done, or the recipient of an action related to strength.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

G1271

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-noy-ah

Translations: mind, understanding, a mind, an understanding, thought, purpose, intention, intellect

Notes: This word refers to the faculty of thinking, understanding, and reasoning. It encompasses the intellect, thoughts, intentions, and purposes of a person. It can describe the inner disposition or the way one thinks about something. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, "through") and νοῦς (nous, "mind").

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ (dianoia) is a compound of διά (dia), meaning "through" or "across," and νοῦς (nous), meaning "mind" or "intellect." It literally means "a thinking through" or "a thorough understanding."

G4139

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-see-on

Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: THEH-lohn

Translations: wanting, willing, desiring, intending, wishing, choosing, purposing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'θέλω' (thelo), meaning 'to want' or 'to will'. It describes someone who is in the process of wanting, willing, or desiring something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or reason for an action. For example, it could mean 'he who wants' or 'while wanting'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: The word θέλω (thelo) comes from Proto-Indo-European, related to concepts of 'will' or 'desire'.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-la-BOHN

Translations: having taken up, having taken in, having received, having supposed, having answered, having replied

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (under) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take). It means to take up, to receive, to suppose, or to answer. Its meaning can vary depending on the context. For example, it can mean to take up a discourse (to answer or reply), to take someone under one's protection (to receive), or to take a view or opinion (to suppose).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-BAH-ee-nen

Translations: he was coming down, she was coming down, it was coming down, he came down, she came down, it came down

Notes: This word describes the action of moving downwards, descending, or going down from a higher place to a lower one. It is often used to describe a person or object physically descending, but can also refer to something metaphorically coming down, such as a spirit or a pillar of cloud. It is an imperfect tense verb, indicating a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΣΧΥΩ

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

G4045

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-peh-sen

Translations: fell among, fell into, happened upon, encountered, befell

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to fall around' or 'to fall into something'. It is used to describe encountering something, falling into a situation, or happening upon a person or object, often implying an unexpected or unfortunate encounter. It can also mean to befall someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ, ΣΥΜΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'.

G1562

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ek-DY-san-tes

Translations: having stripped off, having taken off, having plundered, having divested, having despoiled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb ἐκδύω, meaning 'to strip off,' 'to take off,' or 'to plunder.' It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb δύω (dyō), meaning 'to enter' or 'to put on.' When used with an object, it indicates the action of removing something from someone or something, often implying force or violence, such as stripping clothes or plundering possessions. It can also mean to divest oneself of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΥΩ, ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐκδύω is formed from the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb δύω (dyō), which originally meant 'to enter' or 'to put on' (clothing), but in compounds like this, it takes on the sense of 'to get out of' or 'to take off.'

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-THEN-tes

Translations: having placed upon, having laid upon, having put upon, having imposed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to place upon' or 'to lay upon'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone or something has been placed or laid upon another object or person. It is often used to describe the act of placing hands on someone (e.g., for healing or blessing), or placing an object on a surface.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-FEN-tes

Translations: having sent away, having let go, having left, having forgiven, having allowed, having abandoned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphiēmi'. It describes an action that has been completed, often translated as 'having sent away,' 'having let go,' 'having left,' 'having forgiven,' or 'having allowed.' It indicates that the subject has performed the action of sending, letting, leaving, or forgiving something or someone. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'having left their nets,' referring to fishermen who have abandoned their equipment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ἘΚΒΑΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΛΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ

G2255

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hee-mee-tha-NEH

Translations: half-dead, half dead

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'half-dead'. It describes someone or something that is not fully dead but is severely injured or near death. It combines 'ημι' (hemi), meaning 'half', and 'θανης' (thanēs), related to 'θάνατος' (thanatos), meaning 'death'. It is used to describe a state of being gravely wounded or barely alive.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΝΕΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩΝ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΗΜΙΘΑΝΗΣ is a compound of the prefix ΗΜΙ- (hēmi-), meaning 'half', and the root ΘΑΝ- (than-), related to death, derived from the verb θνῄσκω (thnḗiskō, 'to die').

G4795

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soong-koo-REE-an

Translations: coincidence, a coincidence, chance, an opportunity

Notes: This word refers to a coincidence or a chance occurrence. It describes something that happens by accident or unexpectedly, rather than by design or intention. It is often used in the context of events aligning in an unforeseen way.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΥΧΗ, ΚΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΚΥΡΙΑ (synkyria) is a compound word derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun ΚΥΡΙΑ (kyria), meaning 'lordship' or 'authority', which itself comes from ΚΥΡΟΣ (kyros), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. The combination suggests events coming together by some overarching power or chance.

G2409

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-REH-oos

Translations: priest, a priest

Notes: This word refers to a priest, a person authorized to perform sacred rites of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and God or gods. In ancient contexts, priests were often responsible for sacrifices, rituals, and interpreting divine will. It is typically used to refer to a male religious official.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἱερός (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy'. The suffix -εύς (-eus) indicates a person associated with or performing a specific function.

G3598

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-DOH

Translations: to a way, to a road, to a journey, to a path, to a course, to a manner, to a way of life, to a custom, to a means, to a method, to a direction, to a journey, to a travel, to a passage, to a street, to a highway, to a route, to a track, to a trail

Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, and can also metaphorically mean a journey, course of action, or manner of life. It is used to indicate movement along a physical route or to describe a particular custom or method. In this dative form, it often indicates the recipient or direction of an action, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΘΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

G3019

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: le-oo-EE-tays

Translations: Levite, a Levite

Notes: This word refers to a descendant of Levi, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, who belonged to the tribe of Levi. In ancient Israel, Levites were a specific class of religious assistants to the priests, responsible for various duties in the Tabernacle and later the Temple, such as maintaining the sacred space, carrying the Ark of the Covenant, and performing musical services. They did not inherit land like the other tribes but were supported by tithes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: Derived from the Hebrew name לֵוִי (Levi), referring to the son of Jacob and the progenitor of the tribe of Levi. The Greek word adds the suffix -ίτης (-ites), which is common for indicating a member of a group or a descendant.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REE-tays

Translations: Samaritan, a Samaritan

Notes: This word refers to a person from Samaria, a region in ancient Palestine. In the New Testament, Samaritans were often viewed with disdain by Jews due to religious and ethnic differences, as they had a mixed heritage and worshipped differently. However, the term is also used in a neutral sense to simply identify someone's origin.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From Σαμάρεια (Samareia), the Greek name for Samaria, the region. The term denotes an inhabitant of that region.

G4697

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ess-plang-KHNI-sthay

Translations: had compassion, felt pity, was moved with compassion, was moved with pity

Notes: This word describes a deep, visceral feeling of pity or compassion, often originating from the 'inward parts' or bowels, which were considered the seat of emotions. It signifies a strong emotional response to the suffering or needs of others, leading to an urge to help. It is frequently used in the New Testament to describe Jesus's compassion.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΕΛΕΕΩ

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pros-EL-thohn

Translations: having come to, approaching, having approached, coming near

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come to' or 'having approached'. It describes an action that happened prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate someone drawing near to a person or place, or coming forward to do something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΕΓΓΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1637

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ee-on

Translations: oil, an oil, olive oil, an olive oil

Notes: This word refers to oil, most commonly olive oil, which was a staple in ancient Mediterranean cultures. It was used for food, fuel for lamps, anointing, and medicinal purposes. It can be used in sentences to refer to the substance itself, such as 'they brought the oil' or 'the oil was scarce'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From an assumed root related to the olive tree. It is connected to the word for olive, 'ἘΛΑΙΑ' (ELAIA).

G1949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-bee-BAH-sas

Translations: having mounted, having caused to mount, having put upon, having placed upon

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle, masculine, singular, nominative of the verb 'ἐπιβιβάζω' (epibibazo). It means 'to cause to mount,' 'to put upon,' or 'to place upon.' It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, resulting in someone or something being placed onto something else, often for the purpose of riding or carrying. For example, it could be used to describe someone putting another person onto an animal or a vehicle.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΙΒΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GAH-gen

Translations: he led, he brought, he carried, he took, he went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead,' 'to bring,' 'to carry,' or 'to take.' It is used to describe the action of guiding someone or something from one place to another, or simply moving oneself. It can also imply a journey or a course of action. In the provided examples, it describes someone being led or brought.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΓΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to lead' or 'to drive.' It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language.

G3829

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pan-DOH-kee-on

Translations: inn, a lodging place, a guest house

Notes: This word refers to an inn or a lodging place, a public house where travelers could find accommodation and shelter. It is a compound word derived from 'πᾶν' (pan), meaning 'all', and 'δέχομαι' (dechomai), meaning 'to receive', thus literally 'a place that receives all'. It is typically used to describe a place where people, especially travelers, are received and hosted.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑ, ΞΕΝΟΔΟΧΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From πᾶν (pan, "all") and δέχομαι (dechomai, "to receive"). It refers to a place that receives all people or guests.

G1544

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-bal-OHN

Translations: casting out, throwing out, driving out, sending out, bringing out, putting out, expelling, removing, divorcing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ekballō', meaning to cast out, throw out, or drive out. It describes an action of forceful removal or expulsion. It can be used in various contexts, such as casting out demons, throwing out objects, driving people away, or even divorcing a spouse. It implies a decisive and often forceful action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΞΩΘΕΩ

G3829

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pan-doh-KHEI

Translations: (to) an innkeeper, (to) a host

Notes: This word refers to a person who manages or owns an inn, a host. It is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient of an action, such as giving something to the innkeeper.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΔΟΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΝΔΟΧΕΥΣ is a compound word derived from πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive'. Thus, it literally means 'one who receives all', referring to someone who welcomes all travelers.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: Ah-po-DOH-soh

Translations: I will give back, I will repay, I will restore, I will render, I will pay back

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to give back, repay, restore, or render what is due. It is used to express a future action of returning something or fulfilling an obligation. For example, it can be used in the context of repaying a debt, returning an item, or rendering an account.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-GO-ne-nai

Translations: to have become, to have been, to have happened, to have come into being

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the results or state continuing into the present. It is often used to express a state of being that has come about, or an event that has occurred.

Inflection: Perfect, Infinitive, Active

Synonyms: ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G1706

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-PEH-son-tos

Translations: of falling into, of having fallen into, of rushing upon, of encountering

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐμπίπτω' (empíptō), meaning 'to fall into' or 'to rush upon'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it describes someone or something that has fallen into a situation or encountered something. It functions like an adjective modifying a noun, indicating an action that has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΠΤΩ

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity

Notes: ἘΛΕΟΣ refers to active compassion, pity, or mercy, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by God to humanity. It implies a deep feeling of sympathy that leads to practical help or forgiveness. It is frequently used in the context of God's benevolent actions towards His people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΛΕΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to feel pity' or 'to be moved by compassion'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: entered, went in, came in, came into, went into

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It is often used to indicate arrival or penetration into a place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-main

Translations: village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a village or a small town, typically an unfortified settlement smaller than a city. It is used to denote a rural community or a collection of dwellings outside of a major urban center. In a sentence, it would often be used to indicate a destination or location, such as 'they went to the village' or 'he lived in a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'settlement' or 'unfortified dwelling'. It is related to Latin 'pagus' (country district, village) and English 'home'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G5264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-DEK-sah-toh

Translations: received, welcomed, entertained, took in

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai, meaning 'to receive' or 'to welcome'). It means to receive someone or something, often with hospitality or a welcoming attitude. It can imply taking someone into one's home or accepting them warmly. It is used in the middle voice, emphasizing the subject's involvement in the action of receiving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: TAY-deh

Translations: to this, by this, with this, in this, here, in this place, in this way

Notes: ΤΗΔΕ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ΟΔΕ, meaning 'this' or 'here'. As a dative singular feminine form, it can mean 'to/by/with/in this' (referring to a feminine noun). It can also function as an adverb meaning 'here' or 'in this place', or 'in this way'. It is used to point out something specific that is near or present.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΩΔΕ

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-nee

Translations: called, named, being called, a called one, a named one

Notes: This word is the present passive participle of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is being called or named. It indicates an ongoing action of being called or designated.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'καλέω' (kaleō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁-, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin 'calare' (to call out) and English 'hail'.

G3862

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-thes-THEI-sa

Translations: having sat down beside, sitting down beside

Notes: This word is an aorist participle, meaning 'having sat down beside' or 'sitting down beside'. It describes an action that has been completed or is viewed as a single, complete event. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'καθίζω' (kathizo), meaning 'to sit down'. Thus, it literally means 'to sit down beside someone or something'. It is used to describe someone who has taken a seat next to another person or object.

Inflection: Aorist, Participle, Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΣΥΓΚΑΘΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΚΑΘΙΖΩ (parakathizo) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb καθίζω (kathizo), meaning 'to sit down'. The root καθίζω comes from the verb κάθημαι (kathēmai), 'to sit', which itself is derived from the root ἕζω (hezō), 'to sit'.

G4049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-es-PAH-toh

Translations: was distracted, was drawn away, was cumbered, was overly occupied

Notes: This word describes being drawn away or distracted, often by many cares or tasks. It implies being pulled in different directions, leading to a state of being overburdened or cumbered with much serving. It can be used to describe someone who is so busy with various activities that they lose focus on what is truly important.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΠΑΩ, ΕΚΣΠΑΩ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3199

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEH-lei

Translations: it concerns, it matters, it is a care, it is a concern, it is of interest, it is important

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it concerns' or 'it matters'. It is often used to express that something is a matter of care or concern to someone, typically with the person concerned in the dative case. For example, 'it concerns me' or 'it is a care to me'. It can also indicate that something is important or of interest.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular, Impersonal

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₁- ('to grind, crush, mill'). The sense evolved to 'to be a care' or 'to be a concern'.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LIH-pen

Translations: he left, he abandoned, he forsook, he remained, he bequeathed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb καταλείπω (kataleipō). It means 'he/she/it left behind,' 'abandoned,' 'forsook,' or 'remained.' It can also imply leaving something as an inheritance or legacy. It is used to describe an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word καταλείπω (kataleipō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon.'

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G5532

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHREH-yah

Translations: need, a need, necessity, a necessity, use, a use, service, a service, business, a business, lack, a lack

Notes: This word is a feminine noun that refers to a need, necessity, or a useful purpose. It can also denote a service or a business matter. It is often used to describe something that is required or beneficial, or a situation where something is lacking.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΕΙΑ derives from the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use, to need'. It is related to the concept of utility and what is necessary or useful.

G3137

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-REE-ah

Translations: Mary

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the name Mary. In the New Testament, it is the name of several prominent women, most notably Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary Magdalene. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Mary is derived from the Hebrew name Miryam (מִרְיָם), which is of uncertain meaning but possibly related to 'bitterness' or 'rebellion', or alternatively, 'beloved' or 'sea of bitterness'. It came into Greek as Mariam and Maria.

G3310

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-REE-dah

Translations: a portion, a part, a share, a division

Notes: This word refers to a portion, a part, or a share of something. It can be used to describe a division of land, a segment of a group, or an allotted share of goods. For example, one might speak of 'a portion of the inheritance' or 'a part of the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΜΟΙΡΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΡΙΣ (meris) comes from the verb μερίζω (merizō), meaning 'to divide' or 'to distribute'. It is related to the concept of dividing something into parts.

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HEE-tis

Translations: who, which, whoever, whichever, whatever

Notes: ΗΤΙΣ is a relative pronoun, used to introduce a clause that describes a preceding noun. It is a compound word formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' in English, often providing additional information about a person or thing. It is used in a descriptive sense, often emphasizing the quality or characteristic of the antecedent.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the feminine definite article 'ἡ' (he) and the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis). It developed in Koine Greek to provide a more emphatic or descriptive relative pronoun than the simple 'ὅς' (hos).

G0851