2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G2523

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-THEE-sees

Translations: you may sit, you may cause to sit, you may appoint, you may establish, you may dwell, you may reside

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'kathizo', meaning 'to sit down', 'to cause to sit', 'to appoint', or 'to establish'. It can be used to describe the act of taking a seat, or metaphorically, to establish someone in a position of authority, like a king. It can also refer to dwelling or residing in a place.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΥΔΩ, ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΙΔΡΥΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tra-PEH-zeess

Translations: of a table, of the table, of a bank, of the bank, of a money-changer's table, of the money-changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often one used for eating or for conducting business, such as exchanging money. In the context of money, it can also refer to a bank or a money-changer's stall. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τράπεζα (trápeza), literally 'four-footed', from τετράς (tetrás, 'four') + πέζα (péza, 'foot'). It originally referred to a four-legged table.

G3539

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-EH-ee

Translations: perceives, understands, thinks, considers, discerns, perceive!, understand!, think!, consider!, discern!

Notes: This verb refers to the act of perceiving with the mind, understanding, thinking, or considering. It can be used in a declarative sense (he/she/it perceives) or as a command (perceive!). It emphasizes mental apprehension and comprehension.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular; or Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΕΩ comes from the Greek word ΝΟῦΣ (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It signifies the action of the mind.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3908

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ti-THE-me-na

Translations: things set before, things presented, things served up, things offered, things laid before

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'παρατίθημι' (paratithēmi), meaning 'to place beside' or 'to set before'. As a neuter plural participle, it refers to 'things' that are being set before someone, such as food on a table, or concepts/teachings presented for consideration. It describes items or ideas that are being offered or laid out for a recipient.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΑ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΑ

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-BAL-leh

Translations: cast upon, throw upon, lay upon, put upon, impose, apply, attack, fall upon, seize, undertake, belong to

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (to throw, cast). It means to cast, throw, or lay something upon something else. Depending on the context, it can imply imposing a burden, applying a patch, falling upon someone (as in an attack or seizure), or even undertaking a task. It can also mean 'to belong to' or 'to be fitting for' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΡΡΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ is derived from the prefix ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EYE-dohs

Translations: knowing, having known, having seen, perceiving, understanding, being aware

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having known' or 'knowing'. It describes someone who possesses knowledge or understanding, often as a result of prior experience or perception. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows'). It is derived from the verb 'oida', which means 'to know' or 'to have seen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0082

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ap-lay-STOH-teh-ros

Translations: more insatiable, more greedy, greedier

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective derived from 'ἀπληστος' (aplestos), meaning 'insatiable' or 'greedy'. As a comparative, 'ΑΠΛΗΣΤΟΤΕΡΟΣ' indicates a higher degree of insatiability or greed. It would be used to describe someone or something that is 'more insatiable' or 'greedier' than another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΕΚΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΠΛΗΣΤΟΣ' (aplestos) is a compound of 'α-' (a-), a privative prefix meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'πληστός' (plestos), meaning 'filled' or 'satisfied'. Thus, it literally means 'not able to be filled' or 'insatiable'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEI

Translations: desires, longs for, craves, lusts after, wishes, yearns

Notes: This word is a verb that expresses a strong desire or longing for something. It can be used in a positive sense, indicating a healthy desire, or in a negative sense, implying a covetous or lustful craving. Its meaning often depends on the context and the object of the desire.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'towards,' and the verb ΘΥΜΕΩ (THYMEŌ), which is related to ΘΥΜΟΣ (THYMOS), meaning 'passion,' 'spirit,' or 'desire.' Thus, it literally means 'to set one's passion upon' something.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-kheh-tai

Translations: is held, is possessed, is had, is kept, is near, is next, is attached to, is dependent on, is in contact with, is contiguous to

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, middle or passive voice form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In the middle voice, it can mean 'to hold oneself', 'to cling to', or 'to be next to'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be held' or 'to be possessed'. Its meaning often depends on the context, particularly whether it implies proximity, possession, or a state of being held.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΙΤΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΕΤΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΤΑΙ

G4145

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ploo-SEE-oh

Translations: (to) a rich man, (to) a wealthy person, (to) a rich one

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the adjective 'πλούσιος' (plousios), meaning 'rich' or 'wealthy'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can refer to a rich person or a rich thing, depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΡΩ, ΠΟΛΥΧΡΥΣΩ

Etymology: The word 'πλούσιος' (plousios) comes from 'πλοῦτος' (ploutos), meaning 'wealth' or 'riches'. It is related to the verb 'πλέω' (pleō), meaning 'to sail', as wealth was often acquired through sea trade.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1771

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EN-noy-ah

Translations: thought, idea, concept, understanding, purpose, intention, a thought, an idea

Notes: This word refers to a mental concept, an idea, or a way of thinking. It can also denote a purpose or intention. It describes the inner working of the mind, encompassing both the formation of thoughts and the underlying purpose behind actions.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΓΝΩΜΗ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'εν' (in) and 'νοῦς' (mind), meaning 'that which is in the mind' or 'a concept of the mind'.

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-POS-khoo

Translations: abstain, keep away, hold off, refrain

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'apéchō', meaning to hold oneself off, to abstain from something, or to keep away. It implies a deliberate act of refraining from an action or object. It can also mean to receive in full, especially in the context of payment.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word 'apéchō' is a compound of 'apó' (from, away from) and 'échō' (to have, to hold). It literally means 'to hold oneself away from' or 'to have received from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4674

Part of Speech: Possessive Adjective

Sounds like: SON

Translations: your, yours, a your

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'your' (singular). It indicates possession by a single person. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. In this form, it is neuter singular, and can function as either nominative or accusative.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word σός (sos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European pronominal stem *tyu-, which is related to the second person singular pronoun. It developed in Greek to indicate possession by 'you' (singular).

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G5316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-NEE-tai

Translations: it appears, it seems, it shines, it becomes visible, it is revealed

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'phaino', meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear'. In this specific form, it is used impersonally, indicating that something 'appears' or 'seems' to be the case, or that something 'becomes visible' or 'is revealed'. It describes the act of something coming into view or becoming evident.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΙ, ΓΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ

G2680

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-keh-YOO-ahs-tai

Translations: it has been prepared, it has been made ready, it has been built, it has been constructed, it has been furnished, it has been equipped

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'κατασκευάζω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It means 'it has been prepared,' 'it has been made ready,' or 'it has been built/constructed,' emphasizing the state of being prepared or built as a result of a past action.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4291

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proh-ess-tay-KO-toss

Translations: of him who presides, of him who rules, of him who leads, of him who stands before, of him who manages

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having stood before' or 'having presided'. It describes someone who has taken a position of leadership, authority, or management over others. It is often used to refer to a leader, ruler, or one who manages affairs, particularly in a spiritual or administrative context.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΤΟΥ

G4944

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-dip-NEE

Translations: to dine with, to eat with, to have supper with

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'συνδειπνέω' (syndeipneo), which is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'δειπνέω' (deipneo), meaning 'to dine' or 'to eat supper'. It describes the action of sharing a meal, particularly supper, with someone. It implies companionship and fellowship during a meal.

Inflection: Present Tense, Active Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΣΘΙΩ, ΣΥΝΤΡΑΠΕΖΕΩ

G0435

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-dree

Translations: (to) man, (to) a man, (to) husband, (to) a husband

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'husband'. In Koine Greek, the dative case often indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is done. Therefore, 'ΑΝΔΡΙ' typically translates to 'to a man' or 'to a husband', or 'for a man' or 'for a husband'. It can also indicate association or instrument, depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩ

G0940

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bas-KAH-noh

Translations: to bewitch, to envy, to malign, to slander, to cast an evil eye upon

Notes: This verb means to bewitch, to cast an evil eye upon, or to envy. It can also mean to malign or slander someone. It describes the act of harming someone through envy or a malevolent gaze, or speaking ill of them. For example, one might say 'He bewitched the child' or 'They envied his success'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΘΟΝΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek root 'βασκάζω' (baskazo), meaning 'to bewitch' or 'to charm'. It is related to the concept of the 'evil eye'.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G4095

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PI-nee

Translations: to drink, to imbibe

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πίνω' (pinō), meaning 'to drink' or 'to imbibe'. It describes the act of consuming a liquid. The form 'πίνι' is not a standard or common inflection in Koine Greek. It is highly likely a misspelling or a rare, non-standard dialectal form. If it were a standard form, it might be a third-person singular present active indicative, but the ending is irregular for that. It could also potentially be a noun related to drinking, but again, the form is unusual.

Inflection: Uncertain; possibly a misspelling or non-standard inflection of 'πίνω'. If it were a standard form, it might be related to a third-person singular present active indicative, but this is speculative.

Synonyms: ΠΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΝΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G3379

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-po-teh

Translations: lest, perhaps, never, at any time, by no means

Notes: ΜΗΠΟΤΕ is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote). It is used to express a negative possibility, a fear that something might happen, or a rhetorical question implying a negative answer. Depending on the context, it can be translated as 'lest,' 'perhaps,' 'never,' or 'at any time.' It often introduces a clause expressing a feared outcome or a possibility that is being denied.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΗΠΩΣ, ΜΗ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (mē), meaning 'not,' and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote), meaning 'at some time' or 'ever.'

G3456

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: myk-tay-REE-say

Translations: mock, scoff, ridicule, sneer at, treat with contempt

Notes: This word describes the act of mocking, scoffing, or ridiculing someone or something. It implies treating with contempt or disdain, often by turning up the nose or making a derisive gesture. It is used to express scorn or contempt.

Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΕΚΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΣΜΟΣ, ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ

Etymology: From μυκτηρίζω (myktērizō, “to turn up the nose, mock”), from μυκτῆρ (myktēr, “nose, snout”). The word literally means to turn up one's nose in scorn.

G3725

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-ree-AH

Translations: boundaries, borders, limits, regions

Notes: This word refers to physical boundaries, borders, or limits, often denoting the extent of a territory or region. It can also refer to the regions themselves that are defined by these boundaries. It is typically used in the plural to describe the confines or extent of an area.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΤΑ, ΤΕΡΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ὁρίζω (horizō), meaning 'to divide, to limit, to define'.

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-ah

Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual, an eternal, an everlasting

Notes: This word describes something that is without beginning or end, or that pertains to an age or a long period of time. It is often used to describe God's nature, the life given by God, or the duration of future states. It can refer to something that is perpetual or enduring throughout an age, or something that is truly eternal in the sense of timelessness. The meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, sometimes emphasizing duration within an age, and other times emphasizing absolute eternity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΔΙΟΣ, ΑΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ

G2933

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KTEE-mah

Translations: possession, property, a possession, an acquisition

Notes: This word refers to something that has been acquired or is owned, such as property or an estate. It is used to denote anything that one possesses, whether tangible or intangible. It can be used in sentences to refer to land, goods, or even people as possessions.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΤΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΤΗΜΑ (ktēma) derives from the verb κτάομαι (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire' or 'to get'. It refers to something that has been acquired or possessed.

G3737

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-fah-NON

Translations: of orphans

Notes: This word refers to those who have lost one or both parents, or more broadly, those who are destitute, helpless, or without a protector. It is used to describe children who are parentless. In this form, 'ΟΡΦΑΝΩΝ' is the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, meaning 'belonging to orphans' or 'of orphans'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: From a root meaning 'bereft' or 'destitute'. It is related to the Latin 'orbus' (bereaved, orphaned) and ultimately comes from Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3084

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: loo-TROO-meh-nos

Translations: redeeming, delivering, ransoming, the one who redeems, a redeemer, the one who delivers, a deliverer

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'redeeming' or 'delivering'. It describes an ongoing action of setting free by paying a price or ransom. It can function adjectivally, describing someone who is performing this action, or substantively, referring to 'the one who redeems' or 'a redeemer'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΓΟΡΑΖΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doss

Translations: give

Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to issue a direct command or instruction to a single person, equivalent to saying 'Give!' or 'You give!'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2165

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-frah-NEH-ees

Translations: you will gladden, you will make joyful, you will rejoice

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gladden,' 'to make joyful,' or 'to cause to rejoice.' It is often used in the context of bringing joy or happiness to someone, or of experiencing joy oneself. It can refer to both the act of making someone else happy and the state of being happy. It is a compound word derived from 'eu' (good, well) and 'phren' (mind, heart), suggesting a 'good heart' or 'good state of mind.'

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ

G1699

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-MEN

Translations: my, mine

Notes: This word is the feminine, singular, accusative form of the possessive adjective 'ἐμός', meaning 'my' or 'mine'. It is used to indicate possession, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. For example, it would be used with a feminine noun in the accusative case, such as 'my house' (τὴν οἰκίαν ἐμήν).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'ἐμός' comes from the Proto-Indo-European pronominal stem *me- (first person singular).

G1774

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-dee-ah-TREEP-see

Translations: will dwell, will tarry, will spend time, will occupy oneself, will be engaged

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to dwell in, to tarry in, to spend time in, or to occupy oneself with something'. It implies a sustained engagement or presence in a place or with an activity. It is often used to describe someone who lingers, remains, or is deeply engrossed in a subject or location.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐνδιατρίβω (endiadribō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb διατρίβω (diatribō), meaning 'to rub through, to wear away, to spend time'. Thus, it literally means 'to rub oneself in' or 'to spend time in'.

G3717

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OR-tha

Translations: straight, right, upright, correct, true, properly, rightly

Notes: This word, 'ΟΡΘΑ', is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΟΡΘΟϹ' (orthos). As an adjective, it describes something as being straight, right, or upright, both literally (e.g., a straight path) and figuratively (e.g., a right judgment). It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'rightly' or 'properly'. In the provided examples, it describes 'paths' (τροχιας) as 'straight' or 'right' and 'eyes' (οφθαλμοι) as looking 'straight' or 'rightly'.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative/Accusative, Plural (Adjective); or Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural (Adjective); or Adverbial form (Adverb)

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥϹ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟϹ

G2206

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: zay-LOO-toh

Translations: let him be zealous, let her be zealous, let it be zealous, let him desire, let her desire, let it desire, let him envy, let her envy, let it envy, let him be jealous, let her be jealous, let it be jealous

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be zealous, to desire earnestly, to envy, or to be jealous. It can carry both positive connotations (e.g., to be zealous for good things) and negative connotations (e.g., to envy or be jealous of others). It is used to express a command or wish for a third person.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Imperative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ, ΦΘΟΝΕΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G5401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHOH-boh

Translations: (to) fear, (to) dread, (to) reverence, (to) awe, fear, dread, reverence, awe, a fear, a dread

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos), meaning 'fear', 'dread', 'reverence', or 'awe'. In the dative case, it often indicates the means by which something is done, or the object to which the fear is directed. For example, it can be translated as 'by fear' or 'with fear', or 'to fear' when used with verbs that imply an object of fear or reverence. It can also denote the state of being in fear or awe.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee' or 'to be afraid'. It is related to verbs of fleeing and being put to flight.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

G1636

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EK-go-nah

Translations: descendants, offspring, grandchildren, a descendant, an offspring, a grandchild

Notes: This word refers to those born from someone, specifically descendants, offspring, or grandchildren. It is used to denote the next generation or generations following a person or family line. It is a compound word formed from 'εκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'γονος' (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΓΕΝΕΑ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition 'εκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'γονος' (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'. It literally means 'born out of' or 'from a lineage'.

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EL-pees

Translations: hope, a hope, expectation, confidence

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'hope' or 'expectation'. It refers to a confident expectation, often with a positive outlook on the future, or the object of that expectation. It is frequently used in a theological context to describe the Christian hope in God's promises.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΛΠΙΣ (elpis) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to wish' or 'to expect'. It is related to the verb ΕΛΠΙΖΩ (elpizo), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-os-tay-SEH-tai

Translations: he will depart, he will withdraw, he will revolt, he will fall away, he will stand aloof

Notes: This word describes the act of departing, withdrawing, or separating oneself from something or someone. It can imply a physical departure, a political or religious defection, or a falling away from a belief or allegiance. It is used to indicate a future action of separation.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΚΚΛΙΝΩ

G4680

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: SOH-foss

Translations: wise, a wise person, skillful, clever

Notes: This word describes someone who possesses wisdom, skill, or cleverness. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun (e.g., 'a wise man') or as a substantive noun itself, meaning 'a wise person' or 'the wise one'. It often implies practical wisdom and understanding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΕΜΦΡΩΝ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European *sap- meaning 'to taste, to perceive'. It is related to the noun σοφία (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'.

G1771

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-NOY-an

Translations: thought, an idea, intention, purpose, concept, a concept, mind, understanding

Notes: This word refers to a thought, idea, or concept, often implying an intention or purpose. It describes the inner workings of the mind, such as a mental perception or a design. It is used in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΝΟΙΑ (ennoia) is derived from the Greek preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in') and the verb νοέω (noeō, meaning 'to perceive, to think'). It literally means 'that which is in the mind' or 'a thought conceived within'.

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G3630

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-no-PO-tays

Translations: wine-drinker, drunkard, a wine-drinker, a drunkard

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'οἶνος' (oinos), meaning 'wine', and 'ποτής' (potēs), meaning 'drinker'. It refers to someone who drinks wine, often with the connotation of someone who drinks excessively or is a drunkard. It is used to describe a person characterized by their habit of drinking wine.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΘΥΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΝΟΠΟΤΗΣ is a compound of ΟΙΝΟΣ (oinos, "wine") and the root of ΠΙΝΩ (pinō, "to drink").

G4824

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sym-bo-LAIS

Translations: contributions, payments, contracts, agreements, dealings, transactions, of contributions, of payments, of contracts, of agreements, of dealings, of transactions

Notes: This word refers to contributions, payments, or agreements, often in a financial or transactional sense. It can also denote dealings or transactions in general. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'βάλλω' (to throw, to put).

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΛΛΑΓΜΑΤΑ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΕΙΑΙ, ΔΟΣΕΙΣ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G4205

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: por-no-KO-pos

Translations: fornicator, prostitute-beater, one who beats prostitutes, one who lives off prostitutes, pimp, a fornicator, a prostitute-beater, a pimp

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'πορνή' (prostitute) and 'κόπτω' (to strike, cut, or beat). It refers to someone who engages in fornication, especially one who exploits or abuses prostitutes, or lives off their earnings. It can also simply mean a fornicator or a debauched person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΝΟΣ, ΑΣΕΛΓΗΣ, ΑΚΟΛΑΣΤΟΣ

G4435

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ptoh-KHYOO-seh

Translations: will become poor, will be reduced to poverty

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be poor, to become poor, or to be reduced to poverty. It describes the state of lacking material possessions or being in a state of destitution. It can be used to describe someone who will experience financial ruin or hardship.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΕΥΣΕΙ, ΠΤΩΧΕΥΣΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΤΩΧΕΥΩ is derived from the adjective πτωχός (ptōchos), meaning 'poor' or 'beggarly'. It describes the act of being or becoming poor.

G1746

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-DY-seh-tai

Translations: will be clothed, will put on, will be dressed

Notes: This word is the future passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'endyō'. It means 'he/she/it will be clothed' or 'he/she/it will put on' (something, usually clothing). It describes an action that will happen to the subject, where the subject receives the action of being clothed.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΔΥΩ (endyō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb ΔΥΩ (dyō), meaning 'to sink', 'to enter', or 'to put on'. Thus, it literally means 'to put on' or 'to get into' clothing.

G4470

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: rah-KO-day

Translations: ragged, tattered, worn out

Notes: This word describes something that is torn, worn out, or in a state of disrepair, typically referring to clothing. It implies a state of poverty or neglect, as one would wear ragged garments. It is used to describe the condition of an object or person's attire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΡΗΓΜΕΝΑ, ΠΤΩΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥακώδης (rhakōdēs) is derived from ῥάκος (rhakos), meaning 'rag' or 'tattered garment', and the suffix -ώδης (-ōdēs), which indicates a resemblance or abundance of something. Thus, it literally means 'rag-like' or 'full of rags'.

G5258

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoop-NOH-days

Translations: sleepy, drowsy, sluggish, a sleepy person

Notes: This adjective describes someone who is prone to sleep, drowsy, or sluggish. It can refer to a state of being sleepy or to a person who is habitually sleepy or lazy. It is often used to describe someone who is inactive or negligent due to a lack of alertness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΩΘΡΟΣ, ΑΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: From Greek 'ὕπνος' (hypnos), meaning 'sleep', and '-ώδης' (-odes), a suffix indicating 'full of' or 'like'. Thus, it means 'full of sleep' or 'sleep-like'.

G1080

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: gen-NEE-san-tos

Translations: of him who begot, of him who gave birth, of him who produced, of him who generated

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'γεννάω' (gennaō), meaning 'to beget,' 'to give birth,' 'to produce,' or 'to generate.' It describes the one who performed the action of begetting or giving birth. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of the one who begot' or 'of the parent.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΩ, ΦΥΩ

Etymology: From the root ΓΕΝ- (GEN-), related to generation and birth, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- ('to produce, to beget').

G1625

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-TREH-fei

Translations: nourishes, brings up, rears, feeds, cherishes, fosters

Notes: This verb means to nourish, bring up, or rear, often implying careful and sustained provision of sustenance and care. It can also mean to cherish or foster, indicating a warm and protective relationship. It is used to describe the act of providing for someone's physical and developmental needs, much like a parent cares for a child, or to describe the care given to one's own body.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΡΕΦΩ, ΘΑΛΠΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΤΡΕΦΩ (trephō), meaning 'to nourish' or 'to rear'. Thus, it literally means 'to nourish out' or 'to bring up from childhood'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oss

Translations: righteous, just, upright, fair, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who acts morally and ethically, or to an action that is considered fair and equitable. When used as a noun, it refers to a righteous person.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It describes that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G2165

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-FRAI-neh-tai

Translations: rejoices, is glad, makes merry, is joyful, is delighted, is well pleased

Notes: This word describes the state of being joyful, glad, or delighted. It is often used to express a deep sense of happiness or pleasure. It can refer to someone rejoicing or celebrating, or simply being in a state of contentment and satisfaction. It is used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is being made joyful or is experiencing joy.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khai-REH-toh

Translations: let him rejoice, let her rejoice, let it rejoice, let him be glad, let her be glad, let it be glad, let him hail, let her hail, let it hail

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rejoice,' 'to be glad,' or 'to greet.' It is often used as a salutation, similar to 'hail' or 'farewell.' In this form, it is an imperative, indicating a command or wish for someone (third person singular) to perform the action.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Imperative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ

G5088

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: teh-KOO-sah

Translations: having given birth, mother, she who bore, a mother

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'τίκτω' (tiktō), meaning 'to give birth' or 'to bear'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed. When used substantively, it refers to the person who performed the action, specifically 'the one who gave birth' or 'a mother'. It is often used to refer to a biological mother.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΗΤΗΡ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G5083

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tay-ray-TOH-san

Translations: they kept, they guarded, they observed, they preserved, they watched

Notes: This is a verb form derived from the root 'τηρέω' (tereo), meaning 'to keep' or 'to guard'. It describes an action of keeping, guarding, or observing something that was completed in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word 'τηρέω' (tereo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'τηρός' (teros), meaning 'a watcher'. It has been in use since ancient Greek times.

G0245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-LO-tree-os

Translations: another's, belonging to another, foreign, alien, strange, unfamiliar, not one's own

Notes: This adjective describes something that belongs to someone else, is foreign, or is alien. It can refer to property, nationality, or even spiritual allegiance, indicating something that is not one's own or is outside of one's sphere of influence or belonging. It is used to denote a distinction between what is proper to oneself and what belongs to another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. The suffix -τριος indicates belonging or relation.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-kos

Translations: house, a house, home, household, family, temple, dwelling, habitation

Notes: This word refers primarily to a physical dwelling or building, such as a house or home. However, its meaning extends to encompass the inhabitants of a house, thus referring to a household or family. In a broader sense, it can also denote a lineage, a dynasty, or even a temple or place of worship, as it is considered the 'house of God'. It is a very common and versatile word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΟΙΚΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weik-, meaning 'to enter, to settle'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to dwellings or settlements.

G4728

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: steh-NON

Translations: narrow, a narrow, strait, a strait, confined, a confined

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'narrow' or 'strait'. It describes something that is restricted in width or space, or difficult to pass through. It can be used to describe physical spaces, like a narrow path or well, or metaphorically, like a difficult or confined situation. It is often used in contrast to something wide or broad.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΣ, ΘΛΙΒΕΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΤΕΛΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΕΝΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stand' or 'to be stiff', which evolved to describe something that is constricted or tight.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G4935

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: soon-TOH-mohs

Translations: briefly, concisely, quickly, soon

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'briefly' or 'quickly'. It describes the manner in which an action is performed, indicating that something happens in a short amount of time or in a concise manner. For example, it can describe speaking briefly or an event happening soon.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΕΩΣ, ΕΝ ΤΑΧΕΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΟΜΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΣΥΝΤΟΜΟΣ (syntomos), which means 'cut short' or 'brief'. It is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΤΕΜΝΩ (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEE-tai

Translations: will be destroyed, will perish, will be lost, will be ruined

Notes: This word is the third person singular, future passive indicative form of the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi). It means 'he/she/it will be destroyed,' 'will perish,' or 'will be lost.' It describes an action where the subject undergoes destruction, ruin, or loss, rather than actively causing it. It is often used in contexts referring to the end of something, whether a person, an object, or a concept.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose.'

G3891

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-RA-no-mos

Translations: lawless, unlawful, wicked, unrighteous, a lawless one

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is contrary to law, or acting in defiance of law. It can refer to a person who is lawless or wicked, or to an action that is unlawful or unrighteous. It is a compound word formed from 'para' (beside, against) and 'nomos' (law).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'against', and the noun ΝΟΜΟΣ (nomos), meaning 'law'. Thus, it literally means 'against the law' or 'contrary to law'.

G0355

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-loh-THEH-seh-tai

Translations: it will be consumed, it will be destroyed, it will be spent, it will be wasted

Notes: This word is the future passive indicative form of the verb 'αναλίσκω' (analiskō), meaning 'to consume,' 'to destroy,' or 'to spend/waste.' It indicates that something will be consumed or destroyed by an external force in the future. In the provided context, it suggests destruction by fire.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ, ΕΚΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G2351

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THO-roo-bos

Translations: tumult, an uproar, a disturbance, a noise, a clamor

Notes: This word refers to a loud noise, a commotion, or a state of disorder and confusion, often caused by a crowd or a group of people. It can describe a general disturbance, an uproar, or the noise associated with a crowd's activity. It is used to describe situations ranging from a simple noise to a violent riot.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ, ΗΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb θορέω (thoreō), meaning 'to leap, to spring up', suggesting a sense of agitation or commotion.

G2920

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-sees

Translations: judgment, a judgment, decision, condemnation, a condemnation, justice, a justice, dispute, a dispute

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or the act of judging. It can also mean condemnation or the process of a legal dispute. It is often used in contexts of divine judgment or legal proceedings.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, separate'. It refers to the act or result of judging.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-ee-DEE-ah-ee

Translations: disgust, aversion, weariness, a weariness, a disgust

Notes: This word refers to a feeling of disgust, aversion, or weariness. It describes a strong dislike or a sense of being fed up with something. In the provided context, it appears to be used in a dative sense, indicating 'to whom' or 'for whom' this feeling exists.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟϹΤΡΟΦΗ, ΒΔΕΛΥΓΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'αηδια' (aēdia) is derived from 'αηδης' (aēdēs), meaning 'unpleasant' or 'disagreeable', which itself comes from 'α-' (a-, a negative prefix) and 'ηδος' (hēdos), meaning 'pleasure' or 'delight'. Thus, it literally means 'lack of pleasure' or 'unpleasantness'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LES-khai

Translations: lounges, discussions, idle talk, gossip

Notes: This word refers to a place for discussion or conversation, often implying a public lounge or gathering place. It can also refer to the discussions themselves, particularly those that are idle, gossipy, or frivolous. It is used to describe conversations that might be considered unproductive or even harmful.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΛΥΑΡΙΑ, ΚΟΙΝΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: The word ΛΕΣΧΗ (leschē) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to λέγω (legō, 'to speak') or from a root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to sit'. It originally referred to a place for sitting and talking, such as a public lounge or meeting place.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2756

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: keh-NES

Translations: empty, vain, without effect, of no effect, of no purpose, of no result, without success, without content, without substance

Notes: This word describes something as empty, vain, or without substance. It can refer to something literally empty, like a container, or metaphorically empty, like an effort that yields no results or a promise that is not kept. It implies a lack of content, purpose, or effectiveness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΡΓΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΕΝΟΣ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'empty'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G3921

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PEH-lee-oy

Translations: livid, bruised, black and blue

Notes: This word describes something that is discolored, typically due to a bruise or contusion, appearing black and blue or livid. It is used to describe the appearance of skin or other surfaces that have been injured. In the provided context, it refers to eyes that are bruised or discolored.

Inflection: Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Etymology: The word ΠΕΛΙΟΣ (pelios) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pel- meaning 'pale, grey'. It is related to words describing dark or discolored hues.

G3978

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: peh-LID-noy

Translations: livid, bruised, black and blue, discolored

Notes: This word describes something that is discolored, specifically referring to a livid or bruised appearance, often due to a blow or injury. It implies a dark, bluish, or purplish hue, like a bruise. It is used to describe the appearance of skin or flesh that has been damaged.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative Masculine or Feminine, or Plural, Vocative Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΩΛΩΨ, ΚΥΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΕΛΙΔΝΟΣ' (pelidnos) is derived from 'πελιός' (pelios), meaning 'livid' or 'dark-colored', which itself is of uncertain origin but likely related to words describing dark or earthy colors.

G3631

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-noys

Translations: to wine, to wines, with wine, with wines, in wine, in wines

Notes: This word refers to wine, an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes. In its dative plural form, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'with', or 'in'. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'to give to wines' or 'to fill with wines'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The word 'ΟΙΝΟΣ' (oinos) is of Pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of the Greek language. It is related to words for 'wine' in other Indo-European languages.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHEE-non-tai

Translations: they become, they happen, they come to pass, they are, they arise, they are made

Notes: This is a common verb meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a process of change or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or transitioning into a new state. It can also simply mean 'to be' in certain contexts, especially when referring to events or situations.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΥΟΜΑΙ

G5352

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-AH-las

Translations: bowl, a bowl, phial, a phial, vial, a vial, (of) a bowl, (of) a phial, (of) a vial

Notes: This word refers to a shallow bowl or a broad, shallow cup, often used for libations or offerings. It can also refer to a vial or a phial, a small container for liquids. In the provided context, it appears in the plural, indicating multiple bowls or vials.

Inflection: Feminine, Accusative Plural or Genitive Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΡΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΑΛΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pre-Greek substrate language.

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

G1131

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: GYM-nos

Translations: naked, bare, poorly clothed, unclothed, exposed

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is unclothed, either completely naked or only lightly clad. It can also refer to something that is bare or exposed, such as a bare field or an exposed weapon. In some contexts, it can imply vulnerability or a lack of protection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΨΙΛΟΣ, ΑΚΑΛΥΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΥΜΝΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be uncovered' or 'to be open'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G1131

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gym-NO-teh-ross

Translations: more naked, barer, more exposed, more lightly clad

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'more naked' or 'barer'. It is derived from the adjective 'ΓΥΜΝΟΣ' (GYMNOS), which means 'naked' or 'bare'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of nakedness or exposure. It can be used to describe someone or something that is less clothed or more revealed than another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine; Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter; Singular, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter; Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; Plural, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΙΛΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΑΚΑΛΥΠΤΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΥΜΝΟΣ (GYMNOS) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It refers to being unclothed or bare. ΓΥΜΝΟΤΕΡΟΣ is the comparative form of this adjective.

G5240

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-o-ES

Translations: overflow, abundance, excess, a superabundance, a superfluity

Notes: This word refers to an overflow or an abundance, indicating something that is present in excess or beyond what is needed. It can describe a superabundance of something, like a river overflowing its banks or a surplus of goods.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and the verb ΡΕΩ (rheo), meaning 'to flow'. It literally means 'to flow over' or 'overflow'.

G5240

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-peh-ROO

Translations: upper millstone, a millstone, of the upper millstone

Notes: This word refers to the upper millstone, which is the top, movable stone in a pair of millstones used for grinding grain. It is typically heavier and rotates over a stationary lower millstone. The term can also refer more generally to an upper part or an upper object.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΥΠΕΡΟΥΣ (hyperous) is derived from the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', combined with a root related to 'ear' or 'handle', suggesting something that is 'over' or 'on top' and possibly handled or used for grinding.

G2078

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ES-kha-ton

Translations: last, the last, a last thing, end, the end, outermost, extreme, lowest, a lowest place

Notes: This word refers to something that is at the very end, the outermost point, or the lowest in rank or position. It can describe the final event in a sequence, the furthest geographical location, or the least significant person or thing. It is often used to denote the conclusion or ultimate state of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΥΣΤΕΡΟΣ, ΕΣΧΑΤΗ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4141

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pep-LAY-gohs

Translations: struck, smitten, wounded, beaten, having been struck, one who has been struck

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes someone or something that has been struck or wounded, with the action completed in the past but having ongoing results. It can be used to describe a person who has suffered a blow or injury.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΥΠΩΣ, ΠΕΠΛΗΞ

G1614

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-TEE-ne-tai

Translations: is stretched out, is extended, is spread out, is paid out, is repaid, is exacted

Notes: This word is the present passive indicative form of the verb 'ekteino'. It describes an action being done to the subject, meaning 'to be stretched out', 'to be extended', or 'to be spread out'. In a financial or retributive context, it can mean 'to be paid out' or 'to be exacted', implying a debt or penalty being discharged or collected. The meaning depends on the context, often relating to physical extension or the settlement of an obligation.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΠΕΤΑΝΝΥΜΙ

G2768

Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: keh-RAH-stoos

Translations: (of) a horned viper, (of) Kerastes

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'κεράστης' (kerastes). It primarily refers to a horned viper, a type of venomous snake known for its horn-like scales above its eyes. In some contexts, it can also be used as a proper noun, referring to a person named Kerastes.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word 'κεράστης' (kerastes) is derived from the Greek word 'κέρας' (keras), meaning 'horn'. It refers to something having horns or horn-like features.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G0245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-lo-TREE-an

Translations: another's, foreign, strange, alien, a foreign land

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to another person or is foreign/alien. It can refer to property, people, or concepts that are not one's own or are outside of one's usual experience. In the provided examples, it is used to describe land that is not one's own or a woman who is not one's wife.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ΑΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other', combined with the suffix -τριος, indicating belonging or relation.

G4750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah

Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance

Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4646

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: sko-LEE-ah

Translations: crooked, perverse, froward, a crooked thing, crooked things

Notes: This word describes something that is not straight, either literally (crooked, winding) or figuratively (perverse, morally twisted, dishonest). It can refer to paths that are not direct, or to people and generations that are morally corrupt or disobedient. It implies a deviation from what is right or straight.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΣΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΜΠΥΛΟΣ

G2940

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koo-ber-NAY-tays

Translations: pilot, a pilot, steersman, a steersman, master, a master, captain, a captain, governor, a governor

Notes: This word refers to someone who steers or pilots a ship, a master of a vessel. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who governs, directs, or guides, much like a pilot guides a ship. It is used in the context of maritime activities but also in a broader sense of leadership or management.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΝΑΥΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΠΛΟΙΑΡΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb κυβερνάω (kybernaō), meaning 'to steer, to guide, to govern'. This verb is related to the Latin 'gubernare', which is the root of English words like 'govern' and 'government'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LOH

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, by much, by a great deal, greatly, often, frequently

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it describes a large quantity or number. For example, it could mean 'many people' or 'much water'. When used adverbially, it means 'by much' or 'greatly', indicating a significant degree or frequency, such as 'much more' or 'often'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial Dative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-REES

Translations: you will say, you will speak

Notes: This word is the future active indicative, second person singular form of the verb 'ἐρῶ' (erō), which means 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates an action that the listener ('you') will perform in the future, specifically speaking or saying something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'you will say the truth'.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary verb, probably 'εἴρω' (eirō), which means 'to say' or 'to speak'.

G3685

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POH-neh-sah

Translations: I profited, I benefited, I helped

Notes: This word is a verb in the Aorist Indicative Active tense, first person singular. It means 'I profited,' 'I benefited,' or 'I helped.' It describes a past action that was completed, indicating that the speaker gained an advantage or provided assistance to someone or something. It is derived from the root verb 'ὀνίνημι' (oninēmi), which means to be useful, to profit, or to help.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ὀνίνημι (oninēmi) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *ON- meaning 'to be useful' or 'to profit'. It is an ancient Greek verb that has been in use since classical times.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-dein

Translations: knew, had known, was aware, understood

Notes: This word is the pluperfect active indicative form of the verb οἶδα (oida), meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'. It indicates an action of knowing that was completed in the past relative to another past action. It is often used to express a state of knowledge or understanding that existed previously.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular, Second Person Singular, Third Person Singular, First Person Plural, Second Person Plural, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning, derived from an ancient Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to know' through observation or experience.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G3717

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: OR-thos

Translations: straight, upright, right, correct, true

Notes: This word describes something as being straight, upright, or correct in a physical or moral sense. It can refer to a straight path, an upright posture, or a correct judgment or action. It is used to indicate alignment with truth or proper standards.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΗΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₃erǵʰ- meaning 'to rise, straighten'. It is related to words signifying 'to raise' or 'to be erect'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: ΕΛΘΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or manner of the main action, such as 'having come' or 'after he came'. It can also function adjectivally, describing a noun.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G4905